精品解析：北京市第二十中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试试卷高二英语

北京市第二十中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试试卷 高二 英语 (时间：90分钟 满分：100分 为选择性必修二模块考试) 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The elderly residents at Brookdale Senior Living are wise, but they face challenges when it comes to ____1____ . Tasks like turning on devices, checking emails, and finding apps were often ____2____, especially regarding cell phones. That was until a group of students from Canterbury School in Fort Myers, Florida, decided to ____3____. Learning how difficult digital devices are for their grandparents, Aaron Smolyar and his two friends came up with a(n) ____4____ . They created CLEO, which stands for “Computer Literacy Education Outreach”. Their goal was to teach seniors how to use modern devices, and they ____5____ tried emailing Brookdale to partner with them. However, when they didn’t receive a response, the teens decided to take action and simply went to the center next to their school. They volunteered their ____6____ to teach residents how to use smartphones and access digital platforms. Now, the CLEO volunteers visit Brookdale once a week. They have developed close bonds with the seniors, making a lasting impact on their ____7____. Jonathan Smith, a resident at Brookdale, expressed his gratitude: “I couldn’t ____8____ how to text a picture until one of the CLEO kids explained it to me.” The CLEO program has expanded, with six chapters nationwide. Its mission is to ____9____ the digital divide by giving senior citizens the skills to explore the digital world. The volunteers not only teach technical skills but also form meaningful _____10_____ with the seniors. 1. A. health B. fashion C. technology D. creativity 2. A. engaging B. confusing C. exciting D. rewarding 3. A. work B. study C. wait D. help 4. A. idea B. theory C. product D. answer 5. A. proudly B. initially C. purposefully D. definitely 6. A. money B. influence C. time D. attention 7. A. communities B. careers C. businesses D. lives 8. A. rely on B. check out C. figure out D. look into 9. A. bridge B. assess C. witness D. accept 10 A. impressions B. relationships C. agreements D. expressions 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Andrew Konde, a student at Kenya’s Strathmore University, was inspired to start learning kung fu as a child after ___11___ (watch) martial arts movies. What began as a hobby for a child has since become a way of life for Konde, ___12___ is now the chairman of the university’ s Martial Arts Club. Through hard work, he ___13___ (lead) his team to victories at national championships over the past two years. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Scientists have made a tiny battery as thin as a human hair. Because it’s so small, it could help tiny robots enter the body ___14___ (deliver) medicine. Previously these robots needed sunlight to work, which limited ___15___ they could go. This new battery lets them work ___16___ needing external power. Currently, these batteries ___17___ (attach) to the robots by wires, but in the future, scientists hope to build the batteries into the robots. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Self-checkout machines are meant to make shopping faster and ____18____(easy) by letting customers skip the checkout line. Many people like scanning and bagging their own items for a quick transaction. However, some complain that self-checkout causes more ____19____(problem). For example, machines sometimes freeze or scan incorrectly. These issues ____20____(overlook) during the design process sometimes slow things down and defeat their original purpose. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In today’s fast-paced digital world, many of us struggle with distraction and burnout. It’s challenging to stay focused and productive with constant interruptions and the pressure to manage multiple tasks. Therefore we bring to you — The Sukha app. Sukha is a productivity-boosting focus app that helps you complete tasks more efficiently by providing tools that promote focus and community support. This productivity software silences distractions (干扰), plays focus music, and starts a pomodoro timer (番茄计时器) with just a click. Sukha ensures you stay on track and finish your work faster. Features of Sukha Phone Distraction Elimination (消除) Silence distractions and create a best work environment to ensure you stay focused on the task at hand, minimizing interruptions and increasing efficiency. The next time you pick up your smartphone, the screen will automatically start flashing to keep you away from it. Focus Music ● Offers a selection of focus music tracks that help you get into the flow and maintain your concentration for longer periods. Community Integration ● Work alongside friends and people around the world. ● Feel part of a supportive community by seeing others working in real time, providing motivation and reducing the sense of isolation (孤立). Sukha VS Other Productivity Apps There are many other productivity apps. They are also simple and easy to use and set up. While these types of tools offer different features, they tend to work in isolation. However, Sukha takes a unique approach. With Sukha, your needs are met in one place. You can integrate other apps into the platform. For example, by adding your Calendar, you ensure that you’re on time for any upcoming online meetings. Productivity isn’t limited to the platform but extends to integrated apps. You have a complete system to work smarter. This doesn’t happen elsewhere but within Sukha. Sukha Pricing We are excited to announce that Sukha now offers a 14-day free trial for all new users. After the conclusion of your 14-day trial, you will be automatically moved to the Basic Plan at no cost. However, if you wish to continue with the Pro Subscription, you need to pay $10 per month. If you have any questions regarding the Sukha Pro Subscription or the 14-day trial version, please do not hesitate to get in touch with our support team at support@centered.app. So, what are you waiting for? 21. What is the aim of Sukha? A. To create focus music. B. To produce novel ideas. C. To enhance working efficiency. D. To unite a whole community. 22. What is unique to Sukha? A. It’s easy to use and set up. B. It provides different features. C. It can minimize interruptions. D. It works together with other apps. 23. How will Sukha charge users after the trial period? A. Users will continue to have access to all features for free. B. Users will be charged a one-time fee of 10 after the trial. C. Users will be charged 10 per month for the Pro Subscription. D. Users will automatically be moved to the Pro Subscription at no cost. B Uday Bhatia’s enthusiasm for technology began in childhood. His interest was awakened when he received a drone (无人机) in the fourth grade, stimulating a curiosity about how machines work. By 14, he had taught himself computer science and created his first video game on Roblox. However, Uday’s passion wasn’t limited to coding and gadgets — he was deeply aware of societal issues. During the pandemic, he developed FindOurTutor, an e-tutoring platform to help students continue learning remotely. At 16, Uday, as part of a mentorship program, visited Bichpuri village in Uttar Pradesh and discovered a critical problem: the villagers faced six-to-eight-hour-long power outages. “When I learned that children were using flashlights and kerosene lamps to study, I wanted to find a solution,” he recalls. His research revealed that while most villages in India had been electrified, unreliable power supply remained a continuing issue in many rural areas, with some states like Rajasthan and Uttarakhand enduring power cuts lasting 10 to 12 hours a day. Determined to help, Uday spent the next six months learning from instructional videos and gathering second-hand components. He worked in his terrace (屋顶) workshop, experimenting with different designs until he developed the Smart OutageGuard (OG), a low-cost backup lightbulb (灯泡) with a lithium-ion battery. The bulb, priced at Rs 250, about half the cost of other options, features dynamic-lumen technology and pulse-width modulation, which allows users to adjust the brightness. This feature extends the bulb’s illumination capacity to up to 10 hours, depending on the brightness level. Since its launch in May 2022, Smart OG bulbs have reached 10,000 homes across eight states. Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. For non-electrified regions, he developed the Glow Grid, a solar-powered lamp, launched this month. Uday’s innovations have earned him several awards, including the 2023 Diana Legacy Award. His long-term goal is to provide low-cost energy to every home, and he’s just getting started. 24. Uday Bhatia’s experience in Bichpuri village influenced him to ________. A. develop an interest in computer science B. create a low-cost, backup-based lightbulb C. launch an e-tutoring platform for students D. study power supply systems in other villages 25. What do we know about Uday’s inventions? A. They make energy easier to access. B. They bring innovation to global markets. C. They focus on sustainable energy solutions. D. They provide affordable lighting for rural areas. 26. Which of the following best describes Uday Bhatia? A. Innovative and commercial. B. Determined and socially aware. C. Creative and environmentally conscious. D. Technologically skilled and competitive. C In 1993, a ship sailed into the Pacific Ocean carrying nearly 1,000 pounds of iron, then poured it all into the waves. The next morning, the water turned a little greenish due to newly emerged phytoplankton (浮游生物). The microorganisms, which need iron to grow, draw CO₂ out of the air. Fertilizing the ocean with iron is a form of geoengineering, a set of technologies fascinating for their potential to meaningfully impact Earth’s systems, and controversial for the same reason. As the planet heats, geoengineering is employed to help control it in novel ways, whether researchers mist the skies with sea salt to increase how much sunlight clouds reflect or invent machines to suck greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere. Engineering home-grown plankton sounds like a less dramatic method. But the field is so new that scientists don’t yet know whether geoengineering with microorganisms would really be a gentler form of climate intervention (干预). Microorganisms, after all, play enormously subsequent roles in the world around us and within us. For the best chance of keeping Earth liveable, scientists need to understand exactly how the microscopic creatures might be useful, and perhaps even preferable to the more sci-fi approaches to cooling off the world. One favored method centers on methane, a greenhouse gas accounting for 30% of the rise in global temperature. Mary Lidstrom, a professor, is working on genetically modifying bacteria that naturally consume methane, so that the microorganisms pull even more gas from the air. The bacteria would live inside facilities known as bioreactors. They could be positioned near known methane sources — landfills and wetlands — to minimize the amount of methane that makes it into the air. Expanding any kind of climate engineering is tricky. Significantly slowing warming caused by methane would require about 300,000 bioreactors to be active for 20 years. And the downstream effects are difficult to predict, let alone control. For example, the iron put into the Pacific Ocean could have consequences for other regions of the world’s seas. Also, there’s nearly as much uncertainty about intended effects. Scientists don’t know for sure how effective these concepts will prove to be. The 1993 ship expeditions, for example, didn’t stick around very long; the journeys were expensive, and scientists couldn’t remain at sea to determine what exactly was happening in the depths. Carbon stolen out of the atmosphere should remain buried for at least a century for maximum impact. Yet it’s entirely possible that if the phytoplankton doesn’t sink to deep enough waters, it just gets eaten by the organisms in the surface ocean, and that CO₂ just returns to the atmosphere. The hotter the planet gets, the more attractive geoengineering will likely seem. Short of large-scale behavioral changes globally, we do seem to be committing ourselves to an engineered solution on our current routes. We might have to decide, sooner than we think, which levers we need to pull, large or small. 27. What can we learn about geoengineering? A. Ocean iron-fertilization is widely used. B. Sunlight-reflection method is cost-effective. C. Methane-eating bacteria are being improved. D. Gas-sucking machine is a theoretical concept. 28. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about the geoengineering approaches? A. Their impact on the ecosystem is ignored. B. Their implications are hard to predict. C. They call for decades of preparation. D. They are monitored continuously. 29. The iron-fertilization experiment may achieve its intended effects if ________. A. the target microorganisms survive B. more deep-sea organisms are tested C. scientists could remain at sea longer D. the phytoplankton grows faster and better 30. What might be the best title for the passage? A. How Will Geoengineering Benefit Earth’s Systems? B. How to Cool the World Without Blocking the Sun? C How to Steal Carbon with Sci-fi Methods? D. How Can the Engineered Solution Deliver? D The age of artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty of anxieties. Almost all of the conversations about risk are about potential consequences of AI systems pursuing goals that depart from what they were programmed to do and that are not in the interests of humans. But this is only one side of the danger. Imagine what could happen if AI does do what humans want. “What humans want,” of course, isn’t a monolith. Different people have countless ideas of what constitutes “the greater good.” Even if we could get everyone to focus on the well-being of the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able to agree on what that might look like. That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its use by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s “bad” is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular company — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases (偏见). The potential problem goes beyond humans harming other humans. Many times throughout history, what’s “good” for humanity has come at the expense of other sentient (有知觉力的) beings. Such is the situation today. In the US alone, we have billions of animals kept in cages, subjected to cruel treatment, and denial of their basic psychological and physiological needs at any given time. entire species are dominated and systematically butchered so that we can have omelets, hamburgers, and shoes. If AI does exactly what “we” want it to, that would likely mean enacting this mass cruelty more efficiently, at an even greater scale and with more automation and fewer opportunities for sympathetic humans to step in. A better goal than aligning (一致) AI with humanity’s immediate interests would be what I would call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in line with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals, and, should it exist, sentient AI. This will strike some as aggressive, because what’s good for all sentient life might not always agree with what’s good for humankind. It might sometimes, even often, be in opposition to what humans want or what would be best for the greatest number of us. Peter Singer, a philosopher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate goals and priorities are more important than it being aligned with humans. “The question is really whether this super intelligent AI is going to be benevolent and want to produce a better world,” Singer said, “and even if we don’t control it, it still will produce a better world in which our interests will get taken into account.” I’m with Singer on this. Decentering humankind to any extent, and especially to this extreme, is an idea that will challenge people. But that’s necessary if we’re to prevent our current belief from spreading in new and awful ways. 31. The author mentions the organization founded by DeepMind to ________. A. question a solution B. clarify a belief C. illustrate an example D. explain a practice 32. Which of the following can best present the idea of “sentient alignment”? A. AI brings living beings the same rights. B. AI promotes the bonds among species. C. AI benefits the development of humans. D. AI meets the demands of sentient creatures. 33. What does the underlined word “benevolent” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Ambitious B. Generous C. Resourceful D. Competitive 34 The author’s major concern in developing AI is that ________. A. AI poses a threat to the world B. society’s morals are in decline C. humans prioritize their own needs D. sentient beings deepen cultural biases 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Voice notes are a highly divisive medium of communication. There are those,like me, who enjoy both leaving and listening to them; and then there are those who dislike them and feel very strongly about that. ____35____ A poll found that 62% of Americans have sent voice notes, and about 30% communicate this way on a regular basis. But even the voice note lovers among us have our limits. All of us know a voice note bore. And it is time to establish some ground rules. The first rule: only ever leave voice notes for someone that you are confident likes you. ____36____ It is also somewhat self-indulgent (我行我素)．While a spot of self-indulgence can be healthy, it is unreasonable to expect someone who dislikes you to indulge you. Never give complicated instructions in a voice note. ____37____ If you end up leaving a long voice note that contains a mixture of key information and other bits, follow it up with a text that gives the other person the important stuff, so they're not forced to listen straight away. ____38____ Leaving a voice note that is under 10 seconds long-unless you are funny or the other person likes you-is annoying Type it out instead. Follow the other person's cues. If they are responding to your eight-minute specials with one-minute voice messages, take the hint. Also, if your message is longer than about four minutes, you should be open to the possibility that the other person is going to take a long time to listen and respond. If your message is upwards of 10 minutes, they might never listen to it. ____39____ All you need do, really, is remember to use a bit of common sense. Modern innovations need not negate good old-fashioned manners. A. Be at peace with that. B. Be responsive and informative. C. You need not keep your messages too short. D. It seems the haters are losing the battle, though. E. A voice note is a demand on someone else's time. F. It suggests limiting voice notes to less than two minutes. G. These should be typed out so the other person can refer back. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 If you listen to some self-improvement lectures about success, you’ll hear a familiar saying: Hustle (忙碌) harder. It sounds like success is just a matter of willpower and that the life of your dreams is within reach. Many young people are buying into this mindset, spending every waking hour working toward ambitious goals, only to find themselves worn out and unfulfilled. Hustle culture promises success, but it often leads to burnout and disappointment. The truth is that success and fulfillment don’t come from constant struggle. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence (坚持). Hustle culture praises big goals. But what the experts won’t tell you is that most of those goals require a mix of timing, luck, and sometimes even genetics. No matter how hard you hustle, success isn’t always within your control. Persistence culture, on the other hand, takes a different approach. Instead of focusing on massive, high-risk goals, it emphasizes consistent effort over time. It encourages growth, learning, and steady improvement—factors that are within your control. Hustle culture focuses on goals, ignoring the process. It tells you to chase success at all costs, even if that means doing things you hate along the way. For example, you love podcasting (制作播客). You enjoy the connection with your audience. But if you follow hustle culture, your focus shifts to profit, audience growth, and social media engagement. To “succeed,” you have to learn marketing strategies that you don’t actually enjoy. Persistence culture in contrast, prioritizes the process itself. It asks: Do you enjoy what you’re doing? When you love the process, you don’t need external approval to keep going. Success becomes a byproduct of consistency and passion. Instead of measuring success by external factors, it asks: How can I improve? Maybe your podcast isn’t getting millions of downloads, but are you becoming a better interviewer? Are you developing new skills? These are the measures that matter because they’re within your control. 40. How do many young people feel after following the “hustle harder” mindset? ________________________________________________________ 41. Where do success and fulfillment come from? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. ________________________________________________________ 43. How are you going to put “Persistence Culture” into practice in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校校报英语专栏在举办“我最难忘的一节课（My Most Unforgettable Class）”征文比赛。请你用英文投稿，内容包括： 1.介绍这节课： 2.说明最难忘的原因。 注意：词数100左右 My Most Unforgettable Class ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第二十中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试试卷 高二 英语 (时间：90分钟 满分：100分 为选择性必修二模块考试) 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The elderly residents at Brookdale Senior Living are wise, but they face challenges when it comes to ____1____ . Tasks like turning on devices, checking emails, and finding apps were often ____2____, especially regarding cell phones. That was until a group of students from Canterbury School in Fort Myers, Florida, decided to ____3____. Learning how difficult digital devices are for their grandparents, Aaron Smolyar and his two friends came up with a(n) ____4____ . They created CLEO, which stands for “Computer Literacy Education Outreach”. Their goal was to teach seniors how to use modern devices, and they ____5____ tried emailing Brookdale to partner with them. However, when they didn’t receive a response, the teens decided to take action and simply went to the center next to their school. They volunteered their ____6____ to teach residents how to use smartphones and access digital platforms. Now, the CLEO volunteers visit Brookdale once a week. They have developed close bonds with the seniors, making a lasting impact on their ____7____. Jonathan Smith, a resident at Brookdale, expressed his gratitude: “I couldn’t ____8____ how to text a picture until one of the CLEO kids explained it to me.” The CLEO program has expanded, with six chapters nationwide. Its mission is to ____9____ the digital divide by giving senior citizens the skills to explore the digital world. The volunteers not only teach technical skills but also form meaningful _____10_____ with the seniors. 1. A. health B. fashion C. technology D. creativity 2. A. engaging B. confusing C. exciting D. rewarding 3. A. work B. study C. wait D. help 4. A. idea B. theory C. product D. answer 5. A. proudly B. initially C. purposefully D. definitely 6. A. money B. influence C. time D. attention 7. A. communities B. careers C. businesses D. lives 8. A. rely on B. check out C. figure out D. look into 9. A. bridge B. assess C. witness D. accept 10. A. impressions B. relationships C. agreements D. expressions 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了佛罗里达州迈尔斯堡坎特伯雷学校的一群学生帮助老年人使用技术，通过为老年人提供探索数字世界的技能来弥合数字鸿沟。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：布鲁克代尔老年生活社区的老年人们都很睿智，但在面对科技方面却面临诸多挑战。A. health健康；B. fashion时尚；C. technology科技；D. creativity创意。根据下文“Learning how difficult digital devices are for their grandparents”可知，这些老人在数字设备操作方面，存在困难。由此可知，这些老年人在面对科技方面却面临诸多挑战。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：诸如开启设备、查看邮件以及查找应用程序这类任务常常令人感到困惑，尤其是在使用手机方面。A. engaging有趣的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. rewarding有回报的。根据下文“Learning how difficult digital devices are for their grandparents”可知，这些老人在数字设备操作方面，存在困难。由此可知，这些数字设备常常令这些老人感到困惑。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到佛罗里达州迈尔斯堡坎特伯雷学校的一群学生决定提供帮助。A. work工作；B. study学习；C. wait等待；D. help帮助。根据下文“Their goal was to teach seniors how to use modern devices, and they ______ tried emailing Brookdale to partner with them.”可知，这些学生决定帮助这些老人。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：了解到数字设备对于老年人来说有多么难以操作，亚伦·斯莫利尔和他的两个朋友便有了一个想法。A. idea想法；B. theory理论；C. product产品；D. answer回答。根据下文“They created CLEO, which stands for “Computer Literacy Education Outreach”.”可知，这些学生想出了一个想法——创立“CLEO”项目，即“计算机素养教育推广”。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的目标是教会老年人如何使用现代设备，最初他们试图通过电子邮件与布鲁克代尔中心取得联系，希望与其合作。A. proudly自豪地；B. initially最初；C. purposefully有目的地；D. definitely确定地。根据下文“However, when they didn’t receive a response, the teens decided to take action and simply went to the center next to their school.”可知，学生们最初的办法，没有取得效果，所以直接前往他们学校旁边的这个中心。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们自愿抽出时间，向居民传授如何使用智能手机以及如何访问各类数字平台的方法。A. money钱；B. influence影响力；C. time时间；D. attention注意力。根据下文“to teach residents how to use smartphones and access digital platforms. ”可知，教居民们使用智能手机以及如何访问各类数字平台的方法，会花费学生们一些时间。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与老人们建立了深厚的情谊，对他们的生活产生了深远的影响。A. communities社区；B. careers职业；C. businesses企业；D. lives生活。根据下文“Jonathan Smith, a resident at Brookdale, expressed his gratitude: “I couldn’t ______ how to text a picture until one of the CLEO kids explained it to me.””可知，这些学生对这些老年人的生活产生了深远的影响。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：布鲁克代尔养老院的居民乔纳森·史密斯表达了他内心的感激之情：“直到其中一个CLEO学员向我解释了如何发送图片，我才明白是怎么回事。”A. rely on依靠；B. check out检查；C. figure out弄明白；D. look into调查。根据上文“Tasks like turning on devices, checking emails, and finding apps were often ________, especially regarding cell phones.”可知，以前，数字设备常常令这些老人感到困惑，经过CLEO学员的解释，才明白是怎么回事。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的使命是通过为老年人提供探索数字世界的技能来弥合数字鸿沟。A. bridge弥合（分歧）；B. assess评估；C. witness目击；D. accept接受。根据下文“the digital divide by giving senior citizens the skills to explore the digital world.”可知，此处指通过为老年人提供探索数字世界的技能来弥合数字鸿沟。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些志愿者不仅传授技术技能，还与老年人建立了深厚的情感联系。A. impressions印象；B. relationships关系；C. agreements协议；D. expressions表达。根据上文“They have developed close bonds with the seniors, making a lasting impact on their ________.”可知，这些学生还与老年人建立了深厚的情感联系。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Andrew Konde, a student at Kenya’s Strathmore University, was inspired to start learning kung fu as a child after ___11___ (watch) martial arts movies. What began as a hobby for a child has since become a way of life for Konde, ___12___ is now the chairman of the university’ s Martial Arts Club. Through hard work, he ___13___ (lead) his team to victories at national championships over the past two years. 【答案】11. watching 12. who 13. has led 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了肯尼亚斯特拉斯莫尔大学的学生Andrew Konde受武术电影启发，从小开始学习功夫，后来成为大学武术俱乐部主席，并在过去两年里带领团队在全国锦标赛中取得胜利的故事。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：肯尼亚斯特拉斯莫尔大学的学生Andrew Konde，小时候看了武术电影后，受到启发开始学习功夫。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填watching。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：对Konde来说，最初只是孩子的爱好，现在已经成为了他的一种生活方式，他现在是大学武术俱乐部的主席。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Konde，指人，且从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 【13题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：通过努力，他在过去两年里带领他的团队在全国锦标赛中取得了胜利。lead(带领)是谓语动词，与主语he之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“over the past two years”可知，描述从过去持续到现在的情况，用现在完成时态，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has led。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Scientists have made a tiny battery as thin as a human hair. Because it’s so small, it could help tiny robots enter the body ___14___ (deliver) medicine. Previously these robots needed sunlight to work, which limited ___15___ they could go. This new battery lets them work ___16___ needing external power. Currently, these batteries ___17___ (attach) to the robots by wires, but in the future, scientists hope to build the batteries into the robots. 【答案】14. to deliver 15. where 16. without 17. are attached 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们发明了一种像头发一样细的微型电池，它可以帮助微型机器人进入人体输送药物，且不需要外部力量就能工作。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为它很小，所以可以帮助微型机器人进入人体输送药物。空格处表示目的，用不定式形式作目的状语。故填to deliver。 【15题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：以前这些机器人需要阳光才能工作，这限制了它们能去那里。“ they could go”是宾语从句，结合句意，表示“去那里”，用连接副词where引导从句，并在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：这种新电池使它们不需要外部电源就能工作。根据句意，表示“不需要”外部电源，用介词without构成否定，其意“不使用，不借助”。故填without。 【17题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：目前，这些电池通过电线连接到机器人上，但未来，科学家们希望将电池内置到机器人中。attach(连接)是谓语动词，与主语these batteries之间构成被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语batteries是复数名词，谓语用复数。故填are attached。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Self-checkout machines are meant to make shopping faster and ____18____(easy) by letting customers skip the checkout line. Many people like scanning and bagging their own items for a quick transaction. However, some complain that self-checkout causes more ____19____(problem). For example, machines sometimes freeze or scan incorrectly. These issues ____20____(overlook) during the design process sometimes slow things down and defeat their original purpose. 【答案】18. easier 19. problems 20. overlooked 【解析】 【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章讨论自助收银机，有人爱其便捷，有人怨其问题。 【18题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：自助结账机旨在通过让顾客跳过结账队伍来加快购物速度并使其更加便捷。根据并列连词and前形容词比较级faster可知，用形容词的比较级形式，并列作宾语补足语。故填easier。 【19题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：然而，也有一些人抱怨自助结账会带来更多的问题。problem是可数名词，more表示“更多的”，其后接可数名词复数。故填problems。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在设计过程中被忽视的这些问题有时会减慢流程，并违背其初衷。名词issues与overlook之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填overlooked。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In today’s fast-paced digital world, many of us struggle with distraction and burnout. It’s challenging to stay focused and productive with constant interruptions and the pressure to manage multiple tasks. Therefore we bring to you — The Sukha app. Sukha is a productivity-boosting focus app that helps you complete tasks more efficiently by providing tools that promote focus and community support. This productivity software silences distractions (干扰), plays focus music, and starts a pomodoro timer (番茄计时器) with just a click. Sukha ensures you stay on track and finish your work faster. Features of Sukha Phone Distraction Elimination (消除) Silence distractions and create a best work environment to ensure you stay focused on the task at hand, minimizing interruptions and increasing efficiency. The next time you pick up your smartphone, the screen will automatically start flashing to keep you away from it. Focus Music ● Offers a selection of focus music tracks that help you get into the flow and maintain your concentration for longer periods. Community Integration ● Work alongside friends and people around the world. ● Feel part of a supportive community by seeing others working in real time, providing motivation and reducing the sense of isolation (孤立). Sukha VS Other Productivity Apps There are many other productivity apps. They are also simple and easy to use and set up. While these types of tools offer different features, they tend to work in isolation. However, Sukha takes a unique approach. With Sukha, your needs are met in one place. You can integrate other apps into the platform. For example, by adding your Calendar, you ensure that you’re on time for any upcoming online meetings. Productivity isn’t limited to the platform but extends to integrated apps. You have a complete system to work smarter. This doesn’t happen elsewhere but within Sukha. Sukha Pricing We are excited to announce that Sukha now offers a 14-day free trial for all new users. After the conclusion of your 14-day trial, you will be automatically moved to the Basic Plan at no cost. However, if you wish to continue with the Pro Subscription, you need to pay $10 per month. If you have any questions regarding the Sukha Pro Subscription or the 14-day trial version, please do not hesitate to get in touch with our support team at support@centered.app. So, what are you waiting for? 21. What is the aim of Sukha? A. To create focus music. B. To produce novel ideas. C. To enhance working efficiency. D. To unite a whole community. 22. What is unique to Sukha? A. It’s easy to use and set up. B. It provides different features. C. It can minimize interruptions. D. It works together with other apps. 23 How will Sukha charge users after the trial period? A. Users will continue to have access to all features for free. B. Users will be charged a one-time fee of 10 after the trial. C. Users will be charged 10 per month for the Pro Subscription. D. Users will automatically be moved to the Pro Subscription at no cost. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款提高工作效率的应用程序Sukha的情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Sukha is a productivity-boosting focus app that helps you complete tasks more efficiently by providing tools that promote focus and community support.(Sukha是一款提高工作效率的专注应用程序，通过提供促进专注和社区支持的工具，帮助你更有效地完成任务)”可知，Sukha的目的是提高工作效率。故选C。 22题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However, Sukha takes a unique approach. With Sukha, your needs are met in one place. You can integrate other apps into the platform.(然而，Sukha采用了一种独特的方法。有了Sukha，你的需求在一个地方得到满足。你可以将其他应用程序集成到平台中)”可知，Sukha的特别之处是它能与其他应用程序一起工作。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However, if you wish to continue with the Pro Subscription, you need to pay $10 per month.(但是，如果你希望继续使用Pro订阅，则需要每月支付10美元)”可知，试用期结束后，用户将收取每月10美元的专业订阅费用。故选C。 B Uday Bhatia’s enthusiasm for technology began in childhood. His interest was awakened when he received a drone (无人机) in the fourth grade, stimulating a curiosity about how machines work. By 14, he had taught himself computer science and created his first video game on Roblox. However, Uday’s passion wasn’t limited to coding and gadgets — he was deeply aware of societal issues. During the pandemic, he developed FindOurTutor, an e-tutoring platform to help students continue learning remotely. At 16, Uday, as part of a mentorship program, visited Bichpuri village in Uttar Pradesh and discovered a critical problem: the villagers faced six-to-eight-hour-long power outages. “When I learned that children were using flashlights and kerosene lamps to study, I wanted to find a solution,” he recalls. His research revealed that while most villages in India had been electrified, unreliable power supply remained a continuing issue in many rural areas, with some states like Rajasthan and Uttarakhand enduring power cuts lasting 10 to 12 hours a day. Determined to help Uday spent the next six months learning from instructional videos and gathering second-hand components. He worked in his terrace (屋顶) workshop, experimenting with different designs until he developed the Smart OutageGuard (OG), a low-cost backup lightbulb (灯泡) with a lithium-ion battery. The bulb, priced at Rs 250, about half the cost of other options, features dynamic-lumen technology and pulse-width modulation, which allows users to adjust the brightness. This feature extends the bulb’s illumination capacity to up to 10 hours, depending on the brightness level. Since its launch in May 2022, Smart OG bulbs have reached 10,000 homes across eight states. Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. For non-electrified regions, he developed the Glow Grid, a solar-powered lamp, launched this month. Uday’s innovations have earned him several awards, including the 2023 Diana Legacy Award. His long-term goal is to provide low-cost energy to every home, and he’s just getting started. 24. Uday Bhatia’s experience in Bichpuri village influenced him to ________. A. develop an interest in computer science B. create a low-cost, backup-based lightbulb C. launch an e-tutoring platform for students D. study power supply systems in other villages 25. What do we know about Uday’s inventions? A. They make energy easier to access. B. They bring innovation to global markets. C. They focus on sustainable energy solutions. D. They provide affordable lighting for rural areas. 26. Which of the following best describes Uday Bhatia? A. Innovative and commercial. B. Determined and socially aware. C. Creative and environmentally conscious. D. Technologically skilled and competitive. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌代·巴蒂亚开发了低成本的锂离子电池备用灯泡，为农村地区提供负担得起的照明。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He worked in his terrace (屋顶) workshop, experimenting with different designs until he developed the Smart OutageGuard (OG), a low-cost backup lightbulb (灯泡) with a lithium-ion battery. (他在自己的露台工作室里工作，尝试不同的设计，直到他开发出了一种低成本的锂离子电池备用灯泡Smart OutageGuard。)”可知，乌代·巴蒂亚在比奇普里村的经历影响了他创造出一种低成本的备用灯泡。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. (乌代还成立了Uday Electric，这是一家营利性企业，与分销商、非政府组织、零售商和企业社会责任项目合作，为半电气化的农村地区提供负担得起的照明。)”可知，乌代的发明为农村地区提供负担得起的照明。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Determined to help, Uday spent the next six months learning from instructional videos and gathering second-hand components. (决心提供帮助，乌代在接下来的六个月里从教学视频中学习，并收集二手部件。)”以及倒数第二段“Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. (乌代还成立了Uday Electric，这是一家营利性企业，与分销商、非政府组织、零售商和企业社会责任项目合作，为半电气化的农村地区提供负担得起的照明。)”可知，乌代·巴蒂亚有决心和社会意识。故选B。 C In 1993, a ship sailed into the Pacific Ocean carrying nearly 1,000 pounds of iron, then poured it all into the waves. The next morning, the water turned a little greenish due to newly emerged phytoplankton (浮游生物). The microorganisms, which need iron to grow, draw CO₂ out of the air. Fertilizing the ocean with iron is a form of geoengineering, a set of technologies fascinating for their potential to meaningfully impact Earth’s systems, and controversial for the same reason. As the planet heats, geoengineering is employed to help control it in novel ways, whether researchers mist the skies with sea salt to increase how much sunlight clouds reflect or invent machines to suck greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere. Engineering home-grown plankton sounds like a less dramatic method. But the field is so new that scientists don’t yet know whether geoengineering with microorganisms would really be a gentler form of climate intervention (干预). Microorganisms, after all, play enormously subsequent roles in the world around us and within us. For the best chance of keeping Earth liveable, scientists need to understand exactly how the microscopic creatures might be useful, and perhaps even preferable to the more sci-fi approaches to cooling off the world. One favored method centers on methane, a greenhouse gas accounting for 30% of the rise in global temperature. Mary Lidstrom, a professor, is working on genetically modifying bacteria that naturally consume methane, so that the microorganisms pull even more gas from the air. The bacteria would live inside facilities known as bioreactors. They could be positioned near known methane sources — landfills and wetlands — to minimize the amount of methane that makes it into the air. Expanding any kind of climate engineering is tricky. Significantly slowing warming caused by methane would require about 300,000 bioreactors to be active for 20 years. And the downstream effects are difficult to predict, let alone control. For example, the iron put into the Pacific Ocean could have consequences for other regions of the world’s seas. Also, there’s nearly as much uncertainty about intended effects. Scientists don’t know for sure how effective these concepts will prove to be. The 1993 ship expeditions, for example, didn’t stick around very long; the journeys were expensive, and scientists couldn’t remain at sea to determine what exactly was happening in the depths. Carbon stolen out of the atmosphere should remain buried for at least a century for maximum impact. Yet it’s entirely possible that if the phytoplankton doesn’t sink to deep enough waters, it just gets eaten by the organisms in the surface ocean, and that CO₂ just returns to the atmosphere. The hotter the planet gets, the more attractive geoengineering will likely seem. Short of large-scale behavioral changes globally, we do seem to be committing ourselves to an engineered solution on our current routes. We might have to decide, sooner than we think, which levers we need to pull, large or small. 27. What can we learn about geoengineering? A. Ocean iron-fertilization is widely used. B. Sunlight-reflection method is cost-effective. C. Methane-eating bacteria are being improved. D. Gas-sucking machine is a theoretical concept. 28. What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about the geoengineering approaches? A. Their impact on the ecosystem is ignored. B. Their implications are hard to predict. C. They call for decades of preparation. D. They are monitored continuously. 29. The iron-fertilization experiment may achieve its intended effects if ________. A. the target microorganisms survive B. more deep-sea organisms are tested C. scientists could remain at sea longer D. the phytoplankton grows faster and better 30. What might be the best title for the passage? A. How Will Geoengineering Benefit Earth’s Systems? B. How to Cool the World Without Blocking the Sun? C. How to Steal Carbon with Sci-fi Methods? D. How Can the Engineered Solution Deliver? 【答案】27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了向海洋投铁培育浮游生物、基因改造甲烷降解细菌等基于微生物的地球工程手段，这类手段是应对全球变暖的新型气候干预方式，虽看似温和且有潜力，但该领域尚处于起步阶段。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mary Lidstrom, a professor, is working on genetically modifying bacteria that naturally consume methane, so that the microorganisms pull even more gas from the air.(Mary Lidstrom教授正致力于对一种天然以甲烷为食的细菌进行基因改造，让这类微生物能从空气中吸收更多甲烷。)”可知，有教授正针对天然食甲烷的细菌开展基因改造工作，也就是这类食甲烷细菌正被改良优化。故选C。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Expanding any kind of climate engineering is tricky. Significantly slowing warming caused by methane would require about 300,000 bioreactors to be active for 20 years. And the downstream effects are difficult to predict, let alone control. For example, the iron put into the Pacific Ocean could have consequences for other regions of the world’s seas.(推广任何形式的气候工程，都并非易事。要想显著减缓甲烷引发的气候变暖，大约需要30万个生物反应器持续运作20年。此外，这类工程的后续影响难以预测，更无从谈起加以控制。例如，当年投入太平洋的铁料，就可能对全球其他海域造成影响。)”可知，推广各类气候工程难度极大，其后续影响难以预测，更无从控制，还以向太平洋投铁可能影响全球其他海域为例进行佐证，由此可推断地球工程手段的潜在影响与深层含义是难以预测的。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The 1993 ship expeditions, for example, didn’t stick around very long; the journeys were expensive, and scientists couldn’t remain at sea to determine what exactly was happening in the depths. Carbon stolen out of the atmosphere should remain buried for at least a century for maximum impact. Yet it’s entirely possible that if the phytoplankton doesn’t sink to deep enough waters, it just gets eaten by the organisms in the surface ocean, and that CO₂ just returns to the atmosphere.(以1993年的那次海上实验为例，研究团队并未在海上长期驻留：远洋考察耗资巨大，科学家们无法一直停留在海上，去探明海洋深处究竟发生了哪些变化。要想让从大气中吸收的碳发挥最大作用，这些碳需要被封存至少一个世纪。但现实情况是，倘若浮游生物未能沉入足够深的海域，就很可能被海洋表层的生物捕食，而其吸收的二氧化碳，也会重新释放回大气中。)”可知，1993年的铁肥实验因浮游生物未沉入足够深的海域，被海洋表层生物捕食，其吸收的二氧化碳重回大气，所以实验便无法达到预期效果。由此可推知，若目标微生物能够存活下来，实验才有可能达到预期效果。故选A。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The hotter the planet gets, the more attractive geoengineering will likely seem. Short of large-scale behavioral changes globally, we do seem to be committing ourselves to an engineered solution on our current routes. We might have to decide, sooner than we think, which levers we need to pull, large or small.(地球温度越高，地球工程的吸引力就可能越大。除非全球范围内进行大规模的行为改变，否则我们似乎确实正沿着当前的道路走向一种人为的解决方案。我们可能需要比想象中更早地做出决定，明确我们需要拉动哪些杠杆，无论大小。)”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕应对全球变暖的地球工程展开，介绍了投铁培育浮游生物、基因改造甲烷细菌等具体手段。选项B“How to Cool the World Without Blocking the Sun?(如何不遮蔽太阳而给地球降温？)”概括了全文内容。故选B。 D The age of artificial intelligence has begun, and it brings plenty of anxieties. Almost all of the conversations about risk are about potential consequences of AI systems pursuing goals that depart from what they were programmed to do and that are not in the interests of humans. But this is only one side of the danger. Imagine what could happen if AI does do what humans want. “What humans want,” of course, isn’t a monolith. Different people have countless ideas of what constitutes “the greater good.” Even if we could get everyone to focus on the well-being of the entire human species, it’s unlikely we’d be able to agree on what that might look like. That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its use by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s “bad” is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular company — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases (偏见). The potential problem goes beyond humans harming other humans. Many times throughout history, what’s “good” for humanity has come at the expense of other sentient (有知觉力的) beings. Such is the situation today. In the US alone, we have billions of animals kept in cages, subjected to cruel treatment, and denial of their basic psychological and physiological needs at any given time. entire species are dominated and systematically butchered so that we can have omelets, hamburgers, and shoes. If AI does exactly what “we” want it to, that would likely mean enacting this mass cruelty more efficiently, at an even greater scale and with more automation and fewer opportunities for sympathetic humans to step in. A better goal than aligning (一致) AI with humanity’s immediate interests would be what I would call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in line with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals, and, should it exist, sentient AI. This will strike some as aggressive, because what’s good for all sentient life might not always agree with what’s good for humankind. It might sometimes, even often, be in opposition to what humans want or what would be best for the greatest number of us. Peter Singer, a philosopher, argued that an AI system’s ultimate goals and priorities are more important than it being aligned with humans. “The question is really whether this super intelligent AI is going to be benevolent and want to produce a better world,” Singer said, “and even if we don’t control it, it still will produce a better world in which our interests will get taken into account.” I’m with Singer on this. Decentering humankind to any extent, and especially to this extreme, is an idea that will challenge people. But that’s necessary if we’re to prevent our current belief from spreading in new and awful ways. 31. The author mentions the organization founded by DeepMind to ________. A. question a solution B. clarify a belief C. illustrate an example D. explain a practice 32. Which of the following can best present the idea of “sentient alignment”? A. AI brings living beings the same rights. B. AI promotes the bonds among species. C. AI benefits the development of humans. D. AI meets the demands of sentient creatures. 33. What does the underlined word “benevolent” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Ambitious B. Generous C. Resourceful D. Competitive 34. The author’s major concern in developing AI is that ________. A. AI poses a threat to the world B. society’s morals are in decline C. humans prioritize their own needs D. sentient beings deepen cultural biases 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出人工智能时代人们多关注AI偏离人类指令的风险，却忽视其完全按人类意愿行事的危险；因人类意愿难以统一，且人类的善常以牺牲其他感知生命为代价，AI按人类意愿行动会加剧对动物的大规模伤害；作者提出感知生命对齐的更优目标，即，让AI契合所有感知生命的利益。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“That seems to be the reason that DeepMind recently founded an internal organization focused on AI safety and preventing its use by bad actors. But it’s not ideal that what’s “bad” is going to be determined by a handful of individuals at this one particular company — complete with their blind spots and personal and cultural biases(偏见).(这似乎就是 DeepMind最近成立一个专门负责人工智能安全以及防止其被不良分子滥用的内部组织的原因。但让“不良”行为由这家公司里少数几个人来判定，这显然并不理想——这些人还会有自身的盲点以及个人和文化上的偏见。)”可知，作者先说明DeepMind成立该机构的初衷是应对人类意愿难以统一的AI安全问题，随即用“but”转折，指出该机构由少数人界定“不良”的方式并不理想，存在明显弊端。由此可见，作者提及这一机构，是为了质疑这一应对AI风险的解决方案的合理性。故选A。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段“A better goal than aligning(一致)AI with humanity’s immediate interests would be what I would call “sentient alignment” — AI acting in line with the interests of all sentient beings, including humans, all other animals, and, should it exist, sentient AI.(相较于让人工智能与人类的即时利益保持一致，一个更优的目标，我将其称之为“感知生命对齐”——即人工智能的行为符合所有有感知能力的生命的利益，包括人类、其他所有动物，倘若有感知能力的人工智能真的出现，也将其纳入其中。)”可知，“感知生命对齐”的核心是人工智能的行为符合所有有感知能力的生命的利益，即，满足这类生物的合理需求。故选D。 【33题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境““The question is really whether this super intelligent AI is going to be benevolent and want to produce a better world,” Singer said, “and even if we don’t control it, it still will produce a better world in which our interests will get taken into account.”(Singer表示：“问题的核心，其实在于这款超级智能人工智能是否……，想要打造一个更美好的世界。即便我们无法掌控它，它依然会创造出一个更美好的世界，而人类的利益也会在其中被考量。”)”可知，“想要打造一个更美好的世界”是对前文AI特质的解释与衔接，由此可推知“benevolent”应表达“善意的、仁慈的”含义。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者并非认为AI本身对世界构成直接威胁，而是担忧人类在发展AI的过程中始终将自身需求放在首位，为了自身利益不惜牺牲其他有感知能力的生命；若让AI完全贴合人类这种以自我为中心的意愿行事，会将这种对其他感知生命的伤害变得更高效、规模更大，这也是作者提出“感知生命对齐”、主张让AI契合所有感知生命利益的核心原因。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Voice notes are a highly divisive medium of communication. There are those,like me, who enjoy both leaving and listening to them; and then there are those who dislike them and feel very strongly about that. ____35____ A poll found that 62% of Americans have sent voice notes, and about 30% communicate this way on a regular basis. But even the voice note lovers among us have our limits. All of us know a voice note bore. And it is time to establish some ground rules. The first rule: only ever leave voice notes for someone that you are confident likes you. ____36____ It is also somewhat self-indulgent (我行我素)．While a spot of self-indulgence can be healthy, it is unreasonable to expect someone who dislikes you to indulge you. Never give complicated instructions in a voice note. ____37____ If you end up leaving a long voice note that contains a mixture of key information and other bits, follow it up with a text that gives the other person the important stuff, so they're not forced to listen straight away. ____38____ Leaving a voice note that is under 10 seconds long-unless you are funny or the other person likes you-is annoying. Type it out instead. Follow the other person's cues. If they are responding to your eight-minute specials with one-minute voice messages, take the hint. Also, if your message is longer than about four minutes, you should be open to the possibility that the other person is going to take a long time to listen and respond. If your message is upwards of 10 minutes, they might never listen to it. ____39____ All you need do, really, is remember to use a bit of common sense. Modern innovations need not negate good old-fashioned manners. A. Be at peace with that. B. Be responsive and informative. C. You need not keep your messages too short. D. It seems the haters are losing the battle, though. E. A voice note is a demand on someone else's time. F. It suggests limiting voice notes to less than two minutes. G. These should be typed out so the other person can refer back. 【答案】35. D 36. E 37. G 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了语音消息的现状及使用的一些规则。 【35题详解】 由上文“There are those, like me, who enjoy both leaving and listening to them; and then there are those who dislike them and feel very strongly about that.(有些人，比如我，既喜欢发语音也喜欢听语音；然后还有那些非常不喜欢语音的人)”可知，本空要说跟人们对语音信息的不同态度有关的话题，D选项“It seems the haters are losing the battle, though.(然而，似乎那些讨厌语音信息的人正在输掉这场战斗)”承接上文，符合题意，haters呼应上文的those who dislike them。故选D。 【36题详解】 由上文“The first rule: only ever leave voice notes for someone that you are confident likes you.(第一条规则：只给你确信喜欢你的人发语音信息)”可知，本空要说跟发语音信息有关的话题，E选项“A voice note is a demand on someone else's time.(语音信息是对别人时间的一种占用)”承接上文，解释了为什么要只给喜欢自己的人发语音信息，符合题意。故选E。 【37题详解】 由上文“Never give complicated instructions in a voice note.(永远不要在语音信息中给出复杂的指示)”可知，本空要说跟不要在语音信息中给出复杂指示有关的话题，G选项“These should be typed out so the other person can refer back.(这些应该打出来，以便对方可以回头参考)”承接上文，对上文进行了进一步解释，these指代complicated instructions。故选G。 【38题详解】 由下文“Leaving a voice note that is under 10 seconds long-unless you are funny or the other person likes you-is annoying. Type it out instead.(除非你有趣或者对方喜欢你，否则留下一条不到10秒的语音信息是令人讨厌的。相反，把它打出来)”可知，本空要说跟语音信息时长有关的话题，C选项“You need not keep your messages too short.(你不必把信息留得太短)”引出下文，符合题意，下文是对该选项的进一步说明。故选C。 【39题详解】 由上文“If your message is upwards of 10 minutes, they might never listen to it.(如果你的信息超过10分钟，他们可能永远不会听)”可知，本空要说跟对方不听长语音信息有关的话题，A选项“Be at peace with that.(平静地接受这一点吧)”承接上文，符合题意，that指代上文提到的对方可能不听长语音信息的情况。故选A。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 If you listen to some self-improvement lectures about success, you’ll hear a familiar saying: Hustle (忙碌) harder. It sounds like success is just a matter of willpower and that the life of your dreams is within reach. Many young people are buying into this mindset, spending every waking hour working toward ambitious goals, only to find themselves worn out and unfulfilled. Hustle culture promises success, but it often leads to burnout and disappointment. The truth is that success and fulfillment don’t come from constant struggle. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence (坚持). Hustle culture praises big goals. But what the experts won’t tell you is that most of those goals require a mix of timing, luck, and sometimes even genetics. No matter how hard you hustle, success isn’t always within your control. Persistence culture, on the other hand, takes a different approach. Instead of focusing on massive, high-risk goals, it emphasizes consistent effort over time. It encourages growth, learning, and steady improvement—factors that are within your control. Hustle culture focuses on goals, ignoring the process. It tells you to chase success at all costs, even if that means doing things you hate along the way. For example, you love podcasting (制作播客). You enjoy the connection with your audience. But if you follow hustle culture, your focus shifts to profit, audience growth, and social media engagement. To “succeed,” you have to learn marketing strategies that you don’t actually enjoy. Persistence culture, in contrast, prioritizes the process itself. It asks: Do you enjoy what you’re doing? When you love the process, you don’t need external approval to keep going. Success becomes a byproduct of consistency and passion. Instead of measuring success by external factors, it asks: How can I improve? Maybe your podcast isn’t getting millions of downloads, but are you becoming a better interviewer? Are you developing new skills? These are the measures that matter because they’re within your control. 40. How do many young people feel after following the “hustle harder” mindset? ________________________________________________________ 41. Where do success and fulfillment come from? ________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. ________________________________________________________ 43. How are you going to put “Persistence Culture” into practice in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. They feel worn out and unfulfilled. 41. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence. 42. Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. According to the passage, hustle culture ignores the process instead of prioritizing the process itself. 43. I’ll prioritize consistent effort over grand goals. For instance, in podcasting, I’ll focus on improving interviewing skills and storytelling daily rather than chasing downloads. By valuing small, measurable progress and passion, I’ll build sustainable growth without burnout. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要对比了“忙碌文化”和“坚持文化”对成功的影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Many young people are buying into this mindset, spending every waking hour working toward ambitious goals, only to find themselves worn out and unfulfilled. (许多年轻人接受了这种心态，把醒着的每一个小时都花在朝着雄心勃勃的目标努力上，结果却发现自己疲惫不堪、毫无成就感。)”可知，许多年轻人在遵循“更努力地忙碌”的心态后，感觉疲惫不堪且毫无成就感。故答案为：They feel worn out and unfulfilled. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“The truth is that success and fulfillment don’t come from constant struggle. They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence (坚持). (事实是，成功和成就感并非来自持续的挣扎。它们来自更深层次、更可持续的东西：坚持。)”可知，成功和成就感来自更深层次、更可持续的东西——坚持。故答案为：They come from something deeper and more sustainable: persistence. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Hustle culture focuses on goals, ignoring the process. (忙碌文化关注目标，忽视过程。)”以及第五段中“Persistence culture, in contrast, prioritizes the process itself. (相比之下，坚持文化将过程本身置于首位。)”可知，“Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process.”这句话中“prioritizes the process”部分错误。忙碌文化忽视过程，而不是将过程置于首位。故答案为：Hustle culture focuses on massive, high-risk goals, measures success by external factors and prioritizes the process. According to the passage, hustle culture ignores the process instead of prioritizing the process itself. 【43题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：你打算如何在日常生活中实践“坚持文化”？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我会优先考虑持续努力，而非追求宏大目标。例如，在制作播客时，我会专注于每天提升采访技巧和讲故事的能力，而不是一味追求下载量。通过重视微小且可衡量的进步以及保持热情，我将实现可持续的成长，同时避免过度劳累。故答案为：I’ll prioritize consistent effort over grand goals. For instance, in podcasting, I’ll focus on improving interviewing skills and storytelling daily rather than chasing downloads. By valuing small, measurable progress and passion, I’ll build sustainable growth without burnout. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校校报英语专栏在举办“我最难忘的一节课（My Most Unforgettable Class）”征文比赛。请你用英文投稿，内容包括： 1.介绍这节课： 2.说明最难忘的原因。 注意：词数100左右 My Most Unforgettable Class ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Most Unforgettable Class The most unforgettable class I’ve ever attended was an English class focusing on the concept of EQ. Rather than mere instruction, our teacher presented a real-life conflict between two students, born from careless words and actions. In class, she first let us identify their low-EQ behavior. After that, she challenged us to craft solutions rooted in empathy. Finally, she wrapped up the class with universal truths for navigating such conflicts — lessons extending far beyond the classroom. What makes this class unforgettable is not just its engaging case study, but the profound truth it uncovered: To show empathy for others and manage our own emotions is to cultivate harmony within and without. This realization, simple yet timeless, will serve me well for the rest of my life. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，写一篇征文投稿，介绍最难忘的一节课及其难忘原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 集中注意力于：focus on → concentrating on 仅仅：mere → only 呈现，展示：present → show 揭示：uncovered → reveal 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：  The most unforgettable class I’ve ever attended was an English class focusing on the concept of EQ. 拓展句： The most unforgettable class I’ve ever attended was an English class which focused on the concept of EQ. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 The most unforgettable class I’ve ever attended was an English class focusing on the concept of EQ.（运用了现在分词短语focusing on the concept of EQ作定语） 【高分句型2】What makes this class unforgettable is not just its engaging case study, but the profound truth it uncovered: To show empathy for others and manage our own emotions is to cultivate harmony within and without.（运用了What引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $