Unit 6 I love literature! 宾语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 6 I love literature! 核心语法精练（ 宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空 9 题型二 阅读理解 11 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 时态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。例如： 当主句的谓语动词是 wish, expect 等表示 “希望、期望” 的动词时，宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态在逻辑上保持一致，且常用虚拟语气来表达不太可能实现的愿望等。 I wish that he would come tomorrow. I wish that I were a bird. 如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club. 如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 语序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is? I don’t know who saved the girl. 当宾语从句对应特殊疑问句，且疑问词在从句中作定语（修饰名词）时，需保留 “疑问词 + 名词” 的整体结构，不可拆分，从句仍用陈述句语序。 She asked me whose book this was. I wonder which city he will visit next. 引导词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss. 当从句为并列句时，第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略 He said (that) he liked English and that he would learn it well. 当从句作介词的宾语时，引导词 that 不能省略 I'm thinking that he is right. 当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from? He wants to know what he is. 注意 1. 当 宾 语 从 句 表 否 定 意 义 时 ， 如 果 主 句 主 语 为 第 一 人 称 ， 谓 语 动 词 为think, believe, guess, suppose 等词时，通常将否定转移至主句的谓语动词之前。 如：I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。 2. 含有宾语从句的复合句在一定条件下可以转化为简单句。 如：I don’t know how I should do it next. I don’t know how to do it next. 3. 在 “it” 作形式宾语的结构中，宾语从句常后置，常用结构为 “主语 + 谓语 + it + 形容词 / 名词 + 宾语从句”。例如：I find it important that we should learn English well.（我发现我们学好英语是重要的）。 一、单项选择 1．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —No, it isn’t. Just about fifteen minutes’ walk. You can also ride a shared bike. A．how far the new Sports Center is from here B．how far is the new Sports Center from here C．whether is the new Sports Center far away from here D．whether the new Sports Center is far away from here 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我新体育中心离这里远吗？——不远。步行大约15分钟。你也可以骑共享单车。 考查宾语从句的语序。how far多远；whether是否。根据答语“No, it isn’t.”可知，问句询问是否很远，应使用whether引导；宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。故选D。 2．Zhang Juan doesn’t know whether ________ for the Mid-Autumn Festival, because he is on a business trip these days. A．was her father backB．her father was backC．will her father be back D．her father will be back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：张娟不知道她父亲是否会在中秋节回来，因为他这几天在出差。 考查宾语从句。whether引导的宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除A项和C项；根据“because he is on a business trip these days”可知，张娟的父亲现在正在出差，所以她不知道父亲中秋节是否会回来，这是一个将来的动作，因此宾语从句的时态应该是一般将来时。故选D。 3．—What did the geography teacher say, Jim? —He told us that the earth ________ around once every 24 hours, which makes a day. A．is turning B．turned C．turns 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——吉姆，地理老师说了什么？——他告诉我们地球每 24 小时自转一圈，这就形成了一天。 考查动词时态。is turning现在进行时；turned一般过去时；turns一般现在时。根据“He told us that the earth...around once every 24 hours”可知，表示客观真理、自然规律时，要用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响，故选C。 4．—I wonder ________.    —Yes, it tastes really nice. A．who likes eating zongzi B．where we can buy this kind of zongzi C．if zongzi is delicious 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我想知道粽子是否好吃。——是的，它尝起来确实很棒。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。who likes eating zongzi谁喜欢吃粽子；where we can buy this kind of zongzi我们在哪里能买到这种粽子；if zongzi is delicious粽子是否好吃。根据答语“Yes, it tastes really nice.”可知，回答的是“是否好吃”这个一般疑问句，故问句应用if引导宾语从句询问“是否”。故选C。 5．—Could you please tell me ________? —Next Monday morning. A．when did the art festival start B．when will the art festival start C．when the art festival started D．when the art festival will start 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我艺术节什么时候开始吗？——下周一早上。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据答语“Next Monday morning”可知，艺术节尚未开始，应用一般将来时，故选D。 6．—Could you tell me ________? —At the gate of the park near the river. A．who you met at the park B．when you met him yesterday C．how you met him yesterday D．where you met him at the park 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你在公园的哪里遇见他的吗？——在河边公园的门口。 考查宾语从句。根据答语“At the gate of the park near the river.”可知，回答的是地点，因此问句应询问地点。who you met at the park你在公园遇见了谁；when you met him yesterday你昨天什么时候遇见他；how you met him yesterday你昨天怎么遇见他；where you met him at the park你在公园哪里遇见他，询问地点，与D项对应。故选D。 7．The tourists are discussing ________ Chengdu or Changsha is the best city ________ at this time of the year. A．whether; to visit B．if; to visit C．whether; to be visited D．it; to be visited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：游客们正在讨论成都和长沙哪个是每年这个时候最适合游览的城市。 考查连词和非谓语动词用法。whether是否；if是否；it它。根据“discussing…Chengdu or Changsha”可知，discuss后接“是否”时常用whether；“the best city…” 中，city与visit是主动关系，此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，whether和to visit符合语境。故选A。 8．—Do you think ________? —Yes, I do. A．how we can finish the work on time B．when can we finish the work on time C．whether we can finish the work on time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为我们能否按时完成工作？——是的，我认为可以。 考查宾语从句的引导词。how we can finish the work on time我们如何能按时完成工作；when can we finish the work on time结构错误；whether we can finish the work on time我们是否能按时完成工作。根据答语“Yes, I do.”可知，问句应是一个可以用“是/否”回答的一般疑问句或含“是否”含义的宾语从句。故选C。 9．—Has your sister decided ________? —Hard to say. She might, or she might not. A．when she will fly to Beijing B．whether she will fly to Beijing C．how she gets a flight ticket to Beijing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—你姐姐决定是否飞往北京了吗？—很难说。她可能会去，也可能不会去。 考查宾语从句。when she will fly to Beijing她何时飞往北京；whether she will fly to Beijing她是否飞往北京；how she gets a flight ticket to Beijing她如何买到去北京的机票。根据答语“Hard to say. She might, or she might not.”可知，问句询问的是“是否”去北京，而不是“何时”或“如何”去。故选B。 10．—Do you know ________ the bookstore opens? —At 9:00 a.m. every day. A．how long B．what time C．how often D．how far 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道书店什么时候开门吗？——每天上午9点。 考查疑问词辨析。how long多长时间；what time什么时间；how often多久一次；how far多远。根据答语“At 9:00 a.m. every day.”可知，问句询问的是具体的时间点，因此应使用what time提问。故选B。 11．My father’s birthday is coming. I’m thinking about ________. A．what present I gave him B．where will we have a big meal C．how I will give him a surprise D．if I planned a party for him 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸的生日快到了。我正在考虑如何给他一个惊喜。 考查宾语从句引导词与语序。what present I gave him我送了他什么礼物，一般过去时，陈述语序；where will we have a big meal我们将在哪里大吃一顿，一般将来时，疑问语序；how I will give him a surprise我将如何给他一个惊喜，一般将来时，陈述语序；if I planned a party for him我是否为他计划了一个派对，一般过去时，陈述语序。根据主句“I’m thinking about”的现在时态及“birthday is coming”的将来语境，从句应用将来时态will give，且语序应为陈述语序。故选C。 12．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ I can get to the library? —Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You’ll see the library there. A．when B．how C．why D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去图书馆吗？——当然。直走，在路的尽头左转。你会在那里看到图书馆。 考查疑问词辨析。when什么时候；how怎样；why为什么；what什么。根据答语“Go straight and turn left...”可知，问路者是在询问“如何到达”图书馆，应使用how表示方式。故选B。 13．—Let’s take a trip to Jinshan Park next Sunday if the exam is over. —That sounds great! But I wonder ______. A．when and where shall we meet B．that we’ll go there by bus or by bike C．whether it will be rainy that day D．how shall we get ready for it 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——如果考试结束，我们下周日去金山公园旅行吧。——听起来很棒！但我想知道那天是否会下雨。 考查宾语从句。when and where shall we meet我们何时何地见面，是疑问语序；that we’ll go there by bus or by bike我们将乘公交车或骑车去那里whether it will be rainy that day那天是否会下雨；how shall we get ready for it我们该如何准备，是疑问语序。空处为宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，可排除A项和D项；根据“But I wonder”可知，此处表达的是对不确定事情的疑问，“that we’ll go there by bus or by bike”表达的是确定的事情，不符合语境。故选C。 14．—Excuse me, can you tell me ________? —It’s a little far from here. You’d better take the subway. A．how I can get to the nearest bookstore B．how can I get to the nearest bookstore C．when can I get to the nearest bookstore D．when I can get to the nearest bookstore 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去最近的书店吗？——它离这里有点远。你最好坐地铁去。 考查宾语从句语序。how I can get to the nearest bookstore我怎样才能到达最近的书店，陈述语序；how can I get to the nearest bookstore我怎样才能到达最近的书店，疑问语序；when can I get to the nearest bookstore我什么时候能到达最近的书店，疑问语序；when I can get to the nearest bookstore我什么时候能到达最近的书店，陈述语序。空格位于动词“tell me”之后，是宾语从句，需用陈述语序（引导词+主语+谓语）。根据答语“It’s a little far from here.”可知，问句询问的是“如何去”，即方式，应用“how”引导。故选A。 15．—Could you please tell me ______ the nearest subway station is? —It’s about 10 minutes’ walk along this street. A．how far B．how long C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我最近的地铁站有多远吗？——沿着这条街走大约10分钟就到了。 考查疑问词辨析。how far多远；how long多长；what什么；when什么时候。根据答语“It’s about 10 minutes’ walk along this street.”可知，这里是在询问地铁站的距离，how far符合语境，说明是对步行所需距离的提问。故选A。 16．—Any news about the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft? Do you know ________? —For about two weeks, I think. A．how far it has travelled in space B．how long it has been in space C．when it was sent up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——有关于神舟十九号飞船的消息吗？你知道它在太空中待了多久吗？——我觉得大概两周了。 考查宾语从句。how far it has travelled in space它在太空中飞行了多远；how long it has been in space它在太空中待了多久；when it was sent up它何时发射。根据“For about two weeks”可知，问句是对时间长度的询问，应用how long引导宾语从句。故选B。 17．Mum asked Lucy ________. A．if could they walk along this way B．which gate they should go C．which is the way to that street D．where they could have a rest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：妈妈问Lucy她们可以在哪里休息。 考查宾语从句。根据“Mum asked Lucy...”可知，此处是宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，主句是一般过去时，从句也应该用一般过去时，选项D“where they could have a rest”符合语境。故选D。 18．With technology advancing so fast, I can’t imagine ________ my hometown will be like in ten years. A．that B．what C．which D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着科技发展如此迅速，我无法想象我的家乡十年后会是什么样子。 考查宾语从句的引导词。that(无实义，仅起连接作用)；what(什么，表示内容或事物)；which(哪一个，表示选择)；how(如何，表示方式)。空格后的从句“my hometown will be like in ten years”中缺少介词like的宾语，需用能充当宾语的连接代词，且表示“什么样子”的含义，因此用what。故选B。 19．This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________. A．how we can make friends B．who we can learn from C．why we need teachers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这句名言“三人行，必有我师焉”告诉我们可以向谁学习。 考查宾语从句。how we can make friends我们如何交朋友；who we can learn from我们可以向谁学习；why we need teachers我们为什么需要老师。名言内容“When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers”意为“三人行，必有我师焉”，它强调的是在与他人相处中总能找到值得学习的人，即“可以向谁学习”。故选B。 20．—Do you know ________ the Great Wall? —Next Friday. A．how will we visit B．how we will visit C．when will we visit D．when we will visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道我们什么时候参观长城吗？——下周五。 考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know...the Great Wall?”可知，空格处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），选项A和C使用了疑问语序，故排除；结合答语“Next Friday”可知，问句询问的是时间，因此应用when引导宾语从句。故选D。 二、完成句子 21．“Is your necklace made of freshwater pearls?” Mrs White asked me.  (改为宾语从句) Mrs White asked necklace was made of freshwater pearls. 【答案】 if/whether my 【详解】句意：怀特夫人问我：“你的项链是用淡水珍珠做的吗？”直接引语是一般疑问句，改为宾语从句时，需要用if或whether引导；同时，直接引语中的第二人称“your”要根据主句的宾语“me”改为第一人称“my”。故填if/whether；my。 22．“When will you leave for Beijing?” Tom’s mother asked him. (改成宾语从句) Tom’s mother asked him he leave for Beijing. 【答案】 when would 【详解】句意：汤姆的妈妈问他什么时候将动身去北京。原句为含有直接引语的特殊疑问句，疑问词是“when”，改为宾语从句时，需用原疑问词“when”引导，并将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。根据宾语从句时态“主过从必过”原则，主句谓语动词“asked”为过去时，则从句中的“will”需改为过去将来时的“would”。故填when；would。 23．在寻求帮助前，你最好问问他们什么时候会有空。 Before getting help, you’d better check . 【答案】 when they’ll be free 【详解】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少“他们什么时候会有空”；“check”后面需要接宾语从句，询问“他们什么时候会有空”，用陈述语序，且表达将来的状态，用一般将来时；“他们什么时候会有空”英文表达是when they will be free。故填when；they’ll；be；free。 24．婚姻的真谛不在于你们相爱多久，而在于心有灵犀。 The essence of marriage isn’t about . It’s about sharing understanding between souls. 【答案】how long you have loved each other 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“你们相爱多久”。根据“The essence of marriage isn’t about…”可知，此处填“how long”引导的宾语从句；主语“你们”英文为“you”；“相爱”英文为“love each other”，“相爱多久”强调的是从过去开始的相爱状态持续到现在，所以用现在完成时，即“have loved each other”；宾语从句要用陈述语序。故填how long you have loved each other。 25．杰克期待他能帮忙做这个演出。 Jack expects the show. 【答案】 he can help with 【详解】分析句子结构可知，expects后应跟省略that的宾语从句，且为一般现在时；“他”为he，为从句主语；“能”为can，是情态动词，后跟动词原形；“帮忙做某事”为help with sth.，故填he；can；help；with。 26．我认为这张桌子没有什么特别的地方. I there is about the desk. 【答案】 don’t think anything special 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“不认为”和“任何特别之处”。汉语“我认为没有……”在英语中常用“I don‘t think there is…”结构表达，即否定转移，否定转移到主句谓语think上。第二空，在否定句或疑问句中，表示“某事物”用anything，其后常接形容词修饰，形容词需后置，即anything special“任何特别的东西/特别之处”。故填don’t think；anything special。 27．史密斯老师问学生们他们的梦想是什么。 Miss Smith asked the students . 【答案】 what their dreams were 【详解】分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，由what“什么”引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序；“梦想”对应的单词是dream，此处表示“学生的梦想”，应用复数形式；“他们的”对应的单词是their。主句谓语动词是asked，从句时态也应用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填what；their；dreams；were。 28．His explanation is easy to understand.（改为同义句） It’s easy to understand he . 【答案】 what explains 【详解】句意：他的解释很容易理解。改为同义句，可以表达为“理解他说的内容很容易”，用“It’s easy to understand what he explains.”其中“what he explains”作“understand”的宾语从句，表示“他解释的内容”。故填what；explains。 29．现在我明白了在学校里好好表现是多么重要。 Now I see well in school. 【答案】 how important it is to do 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“好好表现是多么重要”，此处是how引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，表示“好好表现是多么重要”英文为“how important it is to do well”，此处用“it”作形式主语，动词不定式“to do”作真正的主语。故填how；important；it；is；to；do。 30．我想知道我们接下来应该去哪儿。 I wonder next. 【答案】 where we should go 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“我们应该去哪儿”。where“哪儿”，此句是where引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序，从句主语是we“我们”，should“应该”，情态动词后加动词原形go“去”。故填where；we；should；go。 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Zeng Xiaomeng became blind a few months after she was born. Years ago, she talked to her parents 1 her dream of learning to sing. So they 2 (send) her to a special education school. It is not easy for Zeng 3 (learn) songs. She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs. She 4 (usual) needs to practice the songs again and again. Though it often takes her at least a month to learn a song, she never gives 5 . Zeng has a gift for music and learns 6 (fast) than others at school. Her music teacher is 7 (pride) of her and wants to help. She posted 8 video of Zeng’s singing on the Internet. Many people 9 (touch) by Zeng’s beautiful voice. They left a lot of 10 (message) praising her. “I’m really thankful for 11 (they) encouragement. I will sing better 12 live better,” she replied. Music has 13 (bring) great changes to Zeng’s life and her personality. She felt much better about 14 (her) and got more courage. She began to share her own singing videos online. With music in her heart, she becomes more active and 15 (want) to plant her feet in the field of music in the future. 【答案】 1．about 2．sent 3．to learn 4．usually 5．up 6．faster 7．proud 8．a 9．were touched 10．messages 11．their 12．and 13．brought 14．herself 15．wants 【导语】本文主要讲了自幼失明的女孩曾晓梦克服困难学习唱歌，并通过音乐改变生活、获得勇气与自信的故事。 1．句意：多年前，她向父母讲述了她想学习唱歌的梦想。根据“talked to her parents... her dream”可知，这里表示她向父母讲述了她想学习唱歌的梦想，talk to sb. about sth.是固定搭配，意为“与某人谈论某事”。故填about。 2．句意：于是他们把她送到了一所特殊教育学校。根据“Years ago”和上下文可知，此处描述过去的动作，用一般过去时；send“送，寄”，为动词，其过去式是sent。故填sent。 3．句意：对曾晓梦来说，学习歌曲并不容易。根据“It is not easy for Zeng... songs”可知，这里表示对曾晓梦来说，学习歌曲并不容易，It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。故填to learn。 4．句意：她通常需要一遍又一遍地练习歌曲。根据“needs to practice”可知，此处修饰动词needs，需用副词形式；usual“通常的”，为形容词，其副词形式是usually。故填usually。 5．句意：尽管她经常至少需要一个月才能学会一首歌，但她从不放弃。根据“she never gives...”可知，这里表示但她从不放弃，give up是固定短语，意为“放弃”。故填up。 6．句意：曾晓梦在音乐方面有天赋，并且学得比学校里的其他人快。根据“... than others”可知，此处是比较级结构，fast“快地”，为副词，其比较级是faster。故填faster。 7．句意：她的音乐老师为她感到骄傲并想要提供帮助。根据“is... of her”可知，此处应用形容词作表语；pride“骄傲”，为名词，其形容词形式是proud，be proud of是固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲”。故填proud。 8．句意：她在网上发布了一段曾晓梦唱歌的视频。根据“posted... video”可知，此处泛指“一段视频”，video为单数可数名词，以辅音音素开头。故填a。 9．句意：许多人被曾晓梦优美的嗓音所打动。根据“Many people... by Zeng's beautiful voice”可知，主语Many people与touch之间是被动关系“被打动”，且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，touch“打动”，为动词，其过去分词是touched。故填were touched。 10．句意：他们留下了许多赞扬她的信息。根据“a lot of...”可知，a lot of后接可数名词复数形式；message“信息”，为可数名词，其复数形式是messages。故填messages。 11．句意：“我非常感谢他们的鼓励。我会唱得更好，活得更好，”她回复道。根据“... encouragement”可知，此处修饰名词encouragement，需用形容词性物主代词；they“他们”，为主格代词，其形容词性物主代词是their。故填their。 12．句意：“我非常感谢他们的鼓励。我会唱得更好，活得更好，”她回复道。根据“sing better... live better”可知，这里表示唱得更好，活得更好，此处用and连接两个并列的动词短语。故填and。 13．句意：音乐给曾晓梦的生活和性格带来了巨大的变化。根据“has... great changes”可知，此处为现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响；bring“带来”，为动词，其过去分词是brought。故填brought。 14．句意：她对自己感觉好多了，也获得了更多勇气。根据“felt much better about...”可知，这里表示她对自己感觉好多了，feel good about oneself是固定搭配，意为“自我感觉良好”；her“她/她的”，为宾格代词/形容词性物主代词，此处需用其反身代词形式。故填herself。 15．句意：心中有音乐，她变得更加积极，并希望在将来能在音乐领域站稳脚跟。根据“she becomes more active and... to plant her feet”可知，and连接并列谓语，由becomes可知，此处应用动词的单三形式；主语she为第三人称单数，want“想要”，为动词，其单三形式是wants。故填wants。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 A baby bird lives with his mother. He really 1 (love) his home. It’s cool in summer 2 warm in winter. When he is hungry, his mother always comes 3 some food. “I’m happy in my home,” he always says. “And I 4 (live) here forever.” One day, the mother bird didn’t appear. The baby bird was afraid and hungry. After some 5 (day), the mother returned and brought nice food. But she flew to a high tree and put the food 6 it. The baby bird cried, “Mom, 7 do you do this? I can’t get it.” “Baby, do you want 8 (eat) the food? Come to get it,” his mother said. He tried flying but it wasn’t 9 easy thing. “Come 10 dear! Do it again,” said his mother. The baby bird 11 (try) again and again. At last, on his 12 (five) try, he flew up. “Look! You 13 (fly) now!” The mother bird said happily. Thanks to his mother, the baby bird can fly 14 (free) and get food by himself now. For 15 (he), the mother is not only a kind mom but a good teacher. Are you like the baby bird? And do you have a mother like the mother bird? 【答案】 1．loves 2．and 3．with 4．will live 5．days 6．in 7．why 8．to eat 9．an 10．on 11．tried 12．fifth 13．are flying 14．freely 15．him 【导语】本文主要讲述了一只小鸟在母亲的引导下，通过不断尝试，最终学会飞行的故事。 1．句意：他非常爱他的家。 根据上文“A baby bird lives with his mother.”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，所以空处应填动词love的第三人称单数形式loves。故填loves。 2．句意：夏天凉爽，冬天温暖。 根据“It’s cool in summer...warm in winter.”可知，空格前后是并列关系，所以连词and符合语境。故填and。 3．句意：当他饿了，他的母亲总是带着一些食物回来。根据“When he is hungry, his mother always comes...some food.”可知，此处表示“带着一些食物回来”，英文表达是come with some food。故填with。 4．句意：我将永远住在这里。根据“And I...here forever.”和提示词可知，小鸟说他将永远住在这里，应用一般将来时，其结构是：will+动词原形，所以空处应填will live。故填will live。 5．句意：几天后，母亲回来了，带来了美味的食物。 some后接可数名词的复数形式，所以空处应填名词day的复数形式days。故填days。 6．句意：但她飞到一棵高树上，把食物放在那里。根据“But she flew to a high tree and put the food...it.”可知，小鸟的妈妈把食物放在一棵很高的树上，应用短语put...in...表示“把……放在……”。故填in。 7．句意：妈妈，你为什么要这样做？根据“...you do this?”可知，小鸟询问妈妈为什么要把食物放在他够不着的地方。why“为什么”符合语境。故填why。 8．句意：宝贝，你想吃食物吗？根据短语want to do sth.“想要做某事”可知，空处应填动词不定式to eat。故填to eat。 9．句意：他尝试飞行，但这并不是一件容易的事。此处泛指“一件容易的事”，应用不定冠词a或an，空后的easy以元音音素开头，所以空处应填an。故填an。 10．句意：加油，亲爱的！根据“Come....dear! Do it again,”可知，小鸟的妈妈在鼓励小鸟再尝试一次，come on“加油”符合语境。故填on。 11．句意：小鸟一次又一次地尝试。根据上文“said his mother”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处应填动词try的过去式tried。故填tried。 12．句意：最后，在第五次尝试时，他飞了起来。根据“on his...try”和提示词可知，此处指“第五次尝试”，所以空处应填five的序数词fifth“第五”。故填fifth。 13．句意：你现在正在飞行！ 根据上文“Look!”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，其结构是：am/is/are+动词现在分词，主语You要和be动词are连用，fly的现在分词是flying。故填are flying。 14．句意：多亏了母亲，小鸟现在可以自由飞翔，并自己获取食物。根据“the baby bird can fly...”和提示词可知，空处应填free的副词形式freely“自由地”，用于修饰动词fly。故填freely。 15．句意：对他来说，母亲不仅是一位慈爱的妈妈，还是一位好老师。空前的For是介词，其后接人称代词的宾格作宾语，所以空处应填he的宾格him。故填him。 题型二 阅读理解 Here’s one example of the two steps to make an outline (大纲). Use different numbers and letters to organize your idea. My favourite character from Mark Twain’s stories I. Introduction to my favourite character. A．Name: Tom Sawyer B．Background: 12-13 years old, lives in a small town C． Personality (性格): Clever, naughty (淘气) and adventurous (爱冒险的) II. Personal views A．The reason why I like this character: He always has clever ideas and always gives his friends courage. B．What can I learn from this character: never give up in the face of difficulties. 1．What’s Tom Sawyer like? A．Clever and naughty. B．Naughty and adventurous. C．Clever and adventurous. D．Clever, naughty and adventurous. 2．Who does Tom always give courage to? A．His mother. B．His father. C．His friends. D．His classmates. 3．How does Tom deal with difficulties? A．He never gives up. B．He always has courage. C．He always has clever ideas. D．He gets encouragement from his friends. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要是以马克·吐温笔下的汤姆·索亚为例，介绍制作人物主题大纲的两个核心步骤，同时梳理了汤姆·索亚的人物信息和对应的个人看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Personality: Clever, naughty and adventurous.”可知，汤姆·索亚是一个聪明、淘气并且爱冒险的人，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“He always has clever ideas and always gives his friends courage.”可知，汤姆总是给他的朋友们勇气，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“What can I learn from this character: never give up in the face of difficulties.”可知，汤姆面对困难从不放弃，故选A。    Mary began to like her life here. Every morning, she went outside after breakfast and spent most of the day in the grounds. The cold wind brought pink to her face. And she finished all of her food each evening. She was much healthier. After dinner, she liked sitting near the fire and talking to Martha. “Why does Mr. Craven hate the locked garden?” Mary asked once. “It was Mrs. Craven’s garden and she loved it. She looked after the flowers together with Mr. Craven. No gardeners were allowed in.” “But what happened?” Mary asked. “There was an old tree in the garden with a branch (树枝) like a seat, Mrs. Craven often sat there, reading and talking. One day, the branch broke and she fell down. She was badly hurt and died soon. Mr. Craven locked the garden and never talked about it.” Mary seldom felt sorry for anyone, but now she understood how sad her uncle must be. The wind roared around the house, and the doors and windows banged. Mary listened, and through the noise she thought that she heard a child crying. “Can you hear someone crying?” she asked Martha. Martha seemed pretty nervous. “No,” she answered. “It’s only the wind or the servant who works in the kitchen. She’s got a toothache. Perhaps she’s crying. I’m going to check if she needs any help.” After the words, Martha left the room quickly. When Martha left her alone, Mary decided to explore the house. She went quietly along hallways and up and down stairs. In the silence of the house she heard again the sound of a child crying. She stopped to listen at a door, but then another door opened and Mrs. Medlock came out, “What are you doing here?” she said, and she took Mary by the arm and pulled her away. “Get back to your room at once.” —Adapted from The Secret Garden 1．What can we know from paragraph one? A．Mary seldom went outside B．Mary didn’t like Martha. C．Mary felt bored with the life. D．Mary became much better. 2．What did Mr. Craven do after his wife died? A．He locked himself in the garden. B．He never mentioned the garden. C．He cut down the tree in the garden. D．He didn’t talk to anyone. 3．Why did Mary explore the house after Martha left? A．To find where the crying came from. B．To know the house better. C．To help the servant in the kitchen. D．To listen at a door of the house. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about the passage? A．The story happened in summer. B．Mary enjoyed her life in the locked garden. C．Mrs. Craven lost her life by accident. D．Martha cried because of the toothache. 5．What can you infer (推断) from the passage? A．Mr. Craven would leave home. B．Martha didn’t tell the truth. C．Mary knew her uncle well. D．Mrs. Medlock was very kind. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《秘密花园》，讲述Mary在庄园的生活变化，以及她从Martha口中得知Craven先生锁上花园的原因，还听到神秘哭声并决定探索庄园的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“She was much healthier.”可知，Mary的身体状况变好了，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mr. Craven locked the garden and never talked about it.”可知，Craven先生在妻子去世后再也没提起过花园，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“through the noise she thought that she heard a child crying”及“Mary decided to explore the house”可知，Mary是为了寻找哭声的来源，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“One day, the branch broke and she fell down. She was badly hurt and died soon.”可知，Craven夫人的去世是意外，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Martha seemed pretty nervous...It’s only the wind or the servant...I’m going to check”及她“quickly left”的反应，可推断Martha没说真话，故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 I love literature! 核心语法精练（ 宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空 9 题型二 阅读理解 11 在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词 时态 如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情 况而定。例如： 当主句的谓语动词是 wish, expect 等表示 “希望、期望” 的动词时，宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态在逻辑上保持一致，且常用虚拟语气来表达不太可能实现的愿望等。 I wish that he would come tomorrow. I wish that I were a bird. 如果主句为一般过去时，从句一般要用过去某种时态。 She told me that she would join the club. 如果宾从是客观真理，从句用一般现在时。 The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 语序 宾语从句总是用陈述句语序，即从句的引导 词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序；当引导词 作主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。 I wonder if he is a driver. Do you know what his name is? I don’t know who saved the girl. 当宾语从句对应特殊疑问句，且疑问词在从句中作定语（修饰名词）时，需保留 “疑问词 + 名词” 的整体结构，不可拆分，从句仍用陈述句语序。 She asked me whose book this was. I wonder which city he will visit next. 引导词 当从句为陈述句时，用that 引导(口语中可省） I know (that) she is a boss. 当从句为并列句时，第二个及以后的宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略 He said (that) he liked English and that he would learn it well. 当从句作介词的宾语时，引导词 that 不能省略 I'm thinking that he is right. 当从句为一般疑问句时，用 whether/if 引导 I wonder if she is a boss. 特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词 由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。 特殊疑问句 做宾语从句时，从句都用“引导词+陈述句语 序 ”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。 Could you please tell me where you are from? He wants to know what he is. 注意 1. 当 宾 语 从 句 表 否 定 意 义 时 ， 如 果 主 句 主 语 为 第 一 人 称 ， 谓 语 动 词 为think, believe, guess, suppose 等词时，通常将否定转移至主句的谓语动词之前。 如：I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。 2. 含有宾语从句的复合句在一定条件下可以转化为简单句。 如：I don’t know how I should do it next. I don’t know how to do it next. 3. 在 “it” 作形式宾语的结构中，宾语从句常后置，常用结构为 “主语 + 谓语 + it + 形容词 / 名词 + 宾语从句”。例如：I find it important that we should learn English well.（我发现我们学好英语是重要的）。 一、单项选择 1．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —No, it isn’t. Just about fifteen minutes’ walk. You can also ride a shared bike. A．how far the new Sports Center is from here B．how far is the new Sports Center from here C．whether is the new Sports Center far away from here D．whether the new Sports Center is far away from here 2．Zhang Juan doesn’t know whether ________ for the Mid-Autumn Festival, because he is on a business trip these days. A．was her father backB．her father was backC．will her father be back D．her father will be back 3．—What did the geography teacher say, Jim? —He told us that the earth ________ around once every 24 hours, which makes a day. A．is turning B．turned C．turns 4．—I wonder ________.    —Yes, it tastes really nice. A．who likes eating zongzi B．where we can buy this kind of zongzi C．if zongzi is delicious 5．—Could you please tell me ________? —Next Monday morning. A．when did the art festival start B．when will the art festival start C．when the art festival started D．when the art festival will start 6．—Could you tell me ________? —At the gate of the park near the river. A．who you met at the park B．when you met him yesterday C．how you met him yesterday D．where you met him at the park 7．The tourists are discussing ________ Chengdu or Changsha is the best city ________ at this time of the year. A．whether; to visit B．if; to visit C．whether; to be visited D．it; to be visited 8．—Do you think ________? —Yes, I do. A．how we can finish the work on time B．when can we finish the work on time C．whether we can finish the work on time 9．—Has your sister decided ________? —Hard to say. She might, or she might not. A．when she will fly to Beijing B．whether she will fly to Beijing C．how she gets a flight ticket to Beijing 10．—Do you know ________ the bookstore opens? —At 9:00 a.m. every day. A．how long B．what time C．how often D．how far 11．My father’s birthday is coming. I’m thinking about ________. A．what present I gave him B．where will we have a big meal C．how I will give him a surprise D．if I planned a party for him 12．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ I can get to the library? —Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You’ll see the library there. A．when B．how C．why D．what 13．—Let’s take a trip to Jinshan Park next Sunday if the exam is over. —That sounds great! But I wonder ______. A．when and where shall we meet B．that we’ll go there by bus or by bike C．whether it will be rainy that day D．how shall we get ready for it 14．—Excuse me, can you tell me ________? —It’s a little far from here. You’d better take the subway. A．how I can get to the nearest bookstore B．how can I get to the nearest bookstore C．when can I get to the nearest bookstore D．when I can get to the nearest bookstore 15．—Could you please tell me ______ the nearest subway station is? —It’s about 10 minutes’ walk along this street. A．how far B．how long C．what D．when 16．—Any news about the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft? Do you know ________? —For about two weeks, I think. A．how far it has travelled in space B．how long it has been in space C．when it was sent up 17．Mum asked Lucy ________. A．if could they walk along this way B．which gate they should go C．which is the way to that street D．where they could have a rest 18．With technology advancing so fast, I can’t imagine ________ my hometown will be like in ten years. A．that B．what C．which D．how 19．This famous saying “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________. A．how we can make friends B．who we can learn from C．why we need teachers 20．—Do you know ________ the Great Wall? —Next Friday. A．how will we visit B．how we will visit C．when will we visit D．when we will visit 二、完成句子 21．“Is your necklace made of freshwater pearls?” Mrs White asked me.  (改为宾语从句) Mrs White asked necklace was made of freshwater pearls. 22．“When will you leave for Beijing?” Tom’s mother asked him. (改成宾语从句) Tom’s mother asked him he leave for Beijing. 23．在寻求帮助前，你最好问问他们什么时候会有空。 Before getting help, you’d better check . 24．婚姻的真谛不在于你们相爱多久，而在于心有灵犀。 The essence of marriage isn’t about . It’s about sharing understanding between souls. 25．杰克期待他能帮忙做这个演出。 Jack expects the show. 26．我认为这张桌子没有什么特别的地方. I there is about the desk. 27．史密斯老师问学生们他们的梦想是什么。 Miss Smith asked the students . 28．His explanation is easy to understand.（改为同义句） It’s easy to understand he . 29．现在我明白了在学校里好好表现是多么重要。 Now I see well in school. 30．我想知道我们接下来应该去哪儿。 I wonder next. 题型一 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Zeng Xiaomeng became blind a few months after she was born. Years ago, she talked to her parents 1 her dream of learning to sing. So they 2 (send) her to a special education school. It is not easy for Zeng 3 (learn) songs. She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs. She 4 (usual) needs to practice the songs again and again. Though it often takes her at least a month to learn a song, she never gives 5 . Zeng has a gift for music and learns 6 (fast) than others at school. Her music teacher is 7 (pride) of her and wants to help. She posted 8 video of Zeng’s singing on the Internet. Many people 9 (touch) by Zeng’s beautiful voice. They left a lot of 10 (message) praising her. “I’m really thankful for 11 (they) encouragement. I will sing better 12 live better,” she replied. Music has 13 (bring) great changes to Zeng’s life and her personality. She felt much better about 14 (her) and got more courage. She began to share her own singing videos online. With music in her heart, she becomes more active and 15 (want) to plant her feet in the field of music in the future. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 A baby bird lives with his mother. He really 1 (love) his home. It’s cool in summer 2 warm in winter. When he is hungry, his mother always comes 3 some food. “I’m happy in my home,” he always says. “And I 4 (live) here forever.” One day, the mother bird didn’t appear. The baby bird was afraid and hungry. After some 5 (day), the mother returned and brought nice food. But she flew to a high tree and put the food 6 it. The baby bird cried, “Mom, 7 do you do this? I can’t get it.” “Baby, do you want 8 (eat) the food? Come to get it,” his mother said. He tried flying but it wasn’t 9 easy thing. “Come 10 dear! Do it again,” said his mother. The baby bird 11 (try) again and again. At last, on his 12 (five) try, he flew up. “Look! You 13 (fly) now!” The mother bird said happily. Thanks to his mother, the baby bird can fly 14 (free) and get food by himself now. For 15 (he), the mother is not only a kind mom but a good teacher. Are you like the baby bird? And do you have a mother like the mother bird? 题型二 阅读理解 Here’s one example of the two steps to make an outline (大纲). Use different numbers and letters to organize your idea. My favourite character from Mark Twain’s stories I. Introduction to my favourite character. A．Name: Tom Sawyer B．Background: 12-13 years old, lives in a small town C． Personality (性格): Clever, naughty (淘气) and adventurous (爱冒险的) II. Personal views A．The reason why I like this character: He always has clever ideas and always gives his friends courage. B．What can I learn from this character: never give up in the face of difficulties. 1．What’s Tom Sawyer like? A．Clever and naughty. B．Naughty and adventurous. C．Clever and adventurous. D．Clever, naughty and adventurous. 2．Who does Tom always give courage to? A．His mother. B．His father. C．His friends. D．His classmates. 3．How does Tom deal with difficulties? A．He never gives up. B．He always has courage. C．He always has clever ideas. D．He gets encouragement from his friends. Mary began to like her life here. Every morning, she went outside after breakfast and spent most of the day in the grounds. The cold wind brought pink to her face. And she finished all of her food each evening. She was much healthier. After dinner, she liked sitting near the fire and talking to Martha. “Why does Mr. Craven hate the locked garden?” Mary asked once. “It was Mrs. Craven’s garden and she loved it. She looked after the flowers together with Mr. Craven. No gardeners were allowed in.” “But what happened?” Mary asked. “There was an old tree in the garden with a branch (树枝) like a seat, Mrs. Craven often sat there, reading and talking. One day, the branch broke and she fell down. She was badly hurt and died soon. Mr. Craven locked the garden and never talked about it.” Mary seldom felt sorry for anyone, but now she understood how sad her uncle must be. The wind roared around the house, and the doors and windows banged. Mary listened, and through the noise she thought that she heard a child crying. “Can you hear someone crying?” she asked Martha. Martha seemed pretty nervous. “No,” she answered. “It’s only the wind or the servant who works in the kitchen. She’s got a toothache. Perhaps she’s crying. I’m going to check if she needs any help.” After the words, Martha left the room quickly. When Martha left her alone, Mary decided to explore the house. She went quietly along hallways and up and down stairs. In the silence of the house she heard again the sound of a child crying. She stopped to listen at a door, but then another door opened and Mrs. Medlock came out, “What are you doing here?” she said, and she took Mary by the arm and pulled her away. “Get back to your room at once.” —Adapted from The Secret Garden 1．What can we know from paragraph one? A．Mary seldom went outside B．Mary didn’t like Martha. C．Mary felt bored with the life. D．Mary became much better. 2．What did Mr. Craven do after his wife died? A．He locked himself in the garden. B．He never mentioned the garden. C．He cut down the tree in the garden. D．He didn’t talk to anyone. 3．Why did Mary explore the house after Martha left? A．To find where the crying came from. B．To know the house better. C．To help the servant in the kitchen. D．To listen at a door of the house. 4．Which of the following is TRUE about the passage? A．The story happened in summer. B．Mary enjoyed her life in the locked garden. C．Mrs. Craven lost her life by accident. D．Martha cried because of the toothache. 5．What can you infer (推断) from the passage? A．Mr. Craven would leave home. B．Martha didn’t tell the truth. C．Mary knew her uncle well. D．Mrs. Medlock was very kind. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $