内容正文:
专题04 名词、代词、介词、连词
目 录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 时空导航·网络构建 5
03 题型通关·靶向突破 6
考点一 名词
考点二 代词0
考点三 介词3
考点四 连词9
04 优题精选·练能提分 24
考查形式
2025年
2024年
考情剖析
完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空、选词填空
名词所有格、指示代词、介词短语(because of)、从属连词(when/if/although)
名词单复数、物主代词、介词搭配(in/on/at)、并列连词(and/but/or)
考情分析
名词考查重点
1. 可数名词单复数变化
规则变化:加-s/-es
不规则变化:child→children, foot→feet
2024年短文填空:different kinds of colorful products(可数名词复数)
2. 不可数名词
无复数形式,用量词表达数量
常见不可数名词:advice, information, news, bread, milk
2025年选词填空:rich in both culture and nature(不可数名词)
3. 名词所有格
有生命名词:'s(Tom's book)
无生命名词:of短语(the door of the room)
2025年短文填空:a man of his word(所有格代词)
4. 名词作定语
名词直接修饰名词:rose jam(2025年选词填空)、cotton industry。
代词考查重点
1. 人称代词
主格:I/you/he/she/it/we/they
宾格:me/you/him/her/it/us/them
2025年完形填空:He felt lonely... He just replied...(主格)
2. 物主代词
形容词性:my/your/his/her/its/our/their
名词性:mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs
2024年完形填空:She wrote a note to tell him...(宾格)
3. 指示代词
this/that(单数), these/those(复数)
2025年听力选择:the red one is my sister Judy's(that/one替代)
4. 不定代词
some/any, each/every, both/all, neither/none
2024年完形填空:She always writes love notes to warm others.(不定代词)
5. 疑问代词与关系代词
who/whom/whose/which/what(疑问)
who/whom/whose/which/that(定语从句)
2024年完形填空:My husband asked me what was wrong.(疑问代词)
介词考查重点
1. 时间介词
at+时刻:at 8 o'clock
on+日期/星期:on Monday, on May 9th
in+年/月/季节:in 2024, in summer
2024年阅读理解:On May 9, a Chinese... put a video on Douyin.
2. 地点介词
in:在...内(大范围)
on:在...上(接触表面)
at:在...点(小地点)
2025年完形填空:He lives near a river.(地点介词)
3. 方式、原因、目的介词
by:通过...方式(by bus)
with:用...工具(with a pen)
for:为了...目的(for fun)
2024年短文填空:with wheat flour and yeast(材料)
4. 固定介词短语
because of, thanks to, according to
in front of, at the end of
2025年选词填空:Thanks to the development of technology.(固定短语)
连词考查重点
1. 并列连词
表示并列:and(和)
表示转折:but(但是)
表示选择:or(或者)
表示因果:so(所以)
2024年完形填空:He was the best player although he didn't win.(让步)
2. 从属连词
时间:when, while, after, before
原因:because, since, as
条件:if, unless
让步:though, although
2025年补全对话:Because I want to take photos for my family.(原因)
3. 连接副词
however, therefore, moreover, otherwise
(中考较少直接考查,多在阅读理解中理解逻辑关系)
命题预测
基础性覆盖广:四种词类是语法基础,几乎每篇完形填空、语法填空都会涉及。
固定搭配高频:介词短语、连词搭配是考查重点,尤其是常见固定结构。
语境化判断:同一单词在不同语境中可能属于不同词类,需要根据句子成分判断。
逻辑关系考查:连词考查侧重句子间的逻辑关系(因果、转折、并列等)。
代词指代清晰:在语篇中考查代词与前文名词的指代关系。。
考点一 名词
一、名词的分类
根据是否可数,名词分为两大类:
类别
特点
示例
可数名词
有单复数形式,可与不定冠词 a/an 或数词连用
book → books, apple → apples
不可数名词
无复数形式,不可与 a/an 或数词直接连用;计量时需用“量词 + of”结构
water, advice, information
a cup of water, a piece of advice
二、可数名词的复数变化规则
1. 规则变化
规则分类
构成方法
例词
特别注意
一般情况
直接加 -s
book → books, desk → desks
最普遍规则
以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾
加 -es
bus → buses, box → boxes, dish → dishes, watch → watches
因发音需要 (/ɪz/)
以辅音字母 + y 结尾
变 y 为 i,再加 -es
city → cities, baby → babies
元音字母 + y 直接加 s:boy → boys, day → days
以 o 结尾
有生命加 -es
无生命加 -s
potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes
photo → photos, piano → pianos
高频易错点:
常考加 -es 的词:hero, Negro, tomato, potato
(口诀:英雄和黑人爱吃土豆和西红柿)
以 f 或 fe 结尾
变 f/fe 为 v,再加 -es
leaf → leaves, knife → knives, wife → wives
常见需变的有:leaf, thief, wolf, half, life, knife, shelf, self, wife
例外(直接加 s):roof → roofs, belief → beliefs, chief → chiefs
2. 不规则变化
类型
变化方式
例词
注意
改变内部元音
单复数形式不同
man → men, woman → women, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice
German → Germans(非 men)
单复同形
单复数形式相同
sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese, jin(斤), yuan(元)
fish 表“种类”时复数加 -es: fishes
特殊变化
无规则,需单独记忆
child → children, ox → oxen
必须熟记
3. 复合名词的复数
类型
构成方法
例词
含主体名词
将主体名词变为复数
passer-by → passers-by(过路人), son-in-law → sons-in-law(女婿)
无主体名词
在最后加 -s
grown-up → grown-ups(成年人)
含 man/woman
前后部分都变复数
woman teacher → women teachers, man doctor → men doctors
三、特殊名词形式与用法
类别
特点与用法
示例
注意
形复实单
看起来像复数,但作单数用,谓语用单数
news(新闻), physics(物理), the United States(美国)
The news is exciting.
形单实复
看起来像单数,但作复数用,谓语用复数
people(人们), police(警察)
The police are searching.
只有复数形式
只有复数形式,谓语用复数;计量用“pair of”
clothes, trousers, glasses, scissors
a pair of trousers;These scissors are sharp.
集合名词
强调整体时用单数
强调成员时用复数
family, class, team, group
My family is large.(大家庭)
My family are watching TV.(家人在看)
注意:
a people 指“一个民族”;peoples 指“多个民族”。
fish 表“鱼肉”时不可数;表“鱼(条数)”时单复同形;表“种类”时用 fishes。
四、名词所有格
表示名词的“所属关系”,主要有三种形式:
类型
构成与用法
示例
特别注意
-‘s 所有格
(有生命、时间、距离等)
1. 单数名词后加 -‘s
2. 复数名词:
- 以 s 结尾:加 -‘
- 不以 s 结尾:加 -‘s
3. 用于时间、距离、国家、城市、团体等
Tom’s book
teachers’ office(老师们)
Children’s Day(儿童)
ten minutes’ walk
China’s development
易错点:
Lucy and Lily’s room(两人共用一间)
Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms(各自拥有,两间)
of 所有格
(无生命、抽象概念)
结构:名词 + of + 名词
the window of the room
the name of the film
常用于无生命事物,或有较长修饰语时:
the support of the people all over the country
双重所有格
结构:a/an/数词/this/that… + 名词 + of + -‘s 所有格/名词性物主代词
a friend of my father’s
that book of hers
核心考点:
1. 表示“其中之一”(部分概念)
2. 带有感情色彩(赞赏或厌恶)
3. of 后的名词必须为特指且有生命
五、名词的常见后缀与词性转换
转换方向
常见后缀
例词
释义
动词/形容词 → 名词
-er/-or(…者,从事…的人)
teach → teacher, work → worker, act → actor
教师,工人,演员
-ist(…家,…主义者)
art → artist, science → scientist
艺术家,科学家
-ment(表行为、状态、结果)
develop → development, agree → agreement
发展,同意
-tion/-sion(表行为、状态)
invent → invention, decide → decision
发明,决定
-ness(表性质、状态)
happy → happiness, kind → kindness
幸福,善良
-th(表状态、性质)
true → truth, long → length
真理,长度
-ance/-ence(表状态、性质)
appear → appearance, differ → difference
出现,不同
-y/-ty/-ity(表性质、状态)
difficult → difficulty, safe → safety
困难,安全
-ing(表动作、结果、材料)
build → building, feel → feeling
建筑,感觉
名词/动词 → 名词
-ship(表状态、身份、关系)
friend → friendship, leader → leadership
友谊,领导地位
-dom(表状态、领域)
free → freedom, king → kingdom
自由,王国
一、单词拼写
1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Many (tree) are planted every year to make our city beautiful.
2.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)He makes a (decide) to fight against enemies to protect his family and home.
3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)Ne Zha 2 has been the biggest (win) on the film market this year.
4.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)His cousin keeps on painting in order to become an (art).
5.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Today is my (brother) birthday. I want to make a bowl of long noodles for him.
6.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Doctors say we should drink enough (water) every day.
7.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)The key to (happy) is to see all the beauty of the world.
8.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)Chinese people use twelve animals to name the year of a (person) birth.
9.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)Thanks for your (invite). But I have to take care of my younger sister.
10.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Silk Road is becoming a top choice for international (visitor).
考点二 代词
一、人称代词
人称代词是表示“我、你、他”等人称的代词,具有单复数、性别、以及主格和宾格的变化。
1. 人称代词的形式
人称
数
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
第一人称
单数
I (我)
me (我)
复数
we (我们)
us (我们)
第二人称
单数
you (你)
you (你)
复数
you (你们)
you (你们)
第三人称
单数
he (他)
she (她)
it (它)
him (他)
her (她)
it (它)
复数
they (他们/她们/它们)
them (他们/她们/它们)
2. 人称代词的用法
用法
说明
例句
主格作主语
位于句首,作句子主语
He is a teacher.
They are students.
宾格作宾语
位于动词或介词后,作宾语
Can you help me? (动词后)
The cake is for her. (介词后)
口语/单独使用
简短对话或用在 not 后,常用宾格
— I like English.
— Me too.
— Who broke the window?
— Me.
than 后比较
than 后主格宾格均可
He is older than me / I.
并列使用顺序
单数:2/3 1 (you/he and I)
复数:we, you and they
You and I are friends.
We, you and they should go together.
二、物主代词
物主代词表示某人或某物属于谁,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1. 物主代词的形式
人称
数
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
my (我的)
mine (我的)
复数
our (我们的)
ours (我们的)
第二人称
单数
your (你的)
yours (你的)
复数
your (你们的)
yours (你们的)
第三人称
单数
his (他的)
her (她的)
its (它的)
his (他的)
hers (她的)
its (它的)
复数
their (他们的/她们的/它们的)
theirs (他们的/她们的/它们的)
2. 物主代词的用法
类型
作用
用法
例句
形容词性物主代词
相当于形容词
后必须接名词,作定语
This is my book.
Their house is big.
名词性物主代词
相当于名词
独立使用,后面不接名词
This book is mine.
Those apples are hers.
3. 转换关系
名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
例如:
my book → This book is mine.
her pen → That pen is hers.
Is this your bag? No, it’s his.
一、单词拼写
1.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)I am 15 years old and I’m able to look after (I) well.
2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
3.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)Some tourists fall in love with Yangzhou rather than just its tourist attractions. (it)
4.(2025·云南·中考真题)She sang an English song for at the party yesterday. (we)
5.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)Students should be allowed to make decisions by (they).
6.(2024·西藏·中考真题)His English-Chinese dictionary is different from (I).
7.(2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题)—Space technologies are widely used in different kinds of industries.
—I agree. Space exploration benefits a lot. (we)
8.(2024·云南·中考真题)Nie Er is a great musician in China. We all take pride in . (he)
9.(2024·四川达州·中考真题)There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use (you)?
10.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)We enjoyed (our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.
考点三 介词
一、时间介词
介词
用法
例句
注意
at
1. 具体的钟点、时刻
2. 短暂时间点(noon, night, midnight)
3. 年龄(at the age of)
4. 固定搭配
at 7:00, at noon, at night, at the moment
用于时间点或视为时间点的短暂时段
on
1. 具体的某一天、日期
2. 特定某天的上午/下午/晚上
3. 纪念日
on Monday, on May 1st, on Sunday morning, on my birthday
区别:in the morning(泛指)
on a rainy morning(特指)
in
1. 较长时段(年/月/季节/世纪)
2. 一天中的部分(泛指)
3. “在…之后”(接一段时间)
in 2025, in July, in the morning, in ten minutes(十分钟后)
“in + 时间段”表示将来,意为“…之后”
for
持续一段时间,强调时长
for two years, for three hours
回答 How long...? 的提问
since
自过去某时间点起,与完成时连用
since 2020, since I came here
后接时间点或句子
during
在…期间,强调整个时段内
during the holiday, during the meeting
后接表示特定期间的名词
until/till
直到…为止,表示动作持续到某时刻
Wait until I come back.
否定句意为“直到…才”:I didn’t sleep until midnight.
by
到…为止;不迟于,表示截止时间
by Friday, by the end of this month
常与完成时连用
before
在…之前
before dinner, before 5 o’clock
after
在…之后(时间点后)
after 6:00, after that
后接时间点用于将来时;时间段多用于过去时
from...to...
从…到…
from Monday to Friday
易错提示:this, that, these, last, next, every, each 等词构成的时间短语前不加介词,如:this week, every year。
二、方位与方向介词
1. 地点与范围
介词
用法
例句
易错辨析
at
1. 较小、具体地点(视为点)
2. 门牌号
at the bus stop, at home, at 123 Main Street
at school(在学校上学)
in the school(在学校建筑里)
in
1. 较大地点、空间范围(国家、城市、房间)
2. 在…内部
3. 印在纸上/书中
in China, in the park, in the box, in the book
强调“在…内部”或有明确边界
on
1. 在…表面(接触)
2. 在街道、海岸线旁
3. 印在纸面
4. 表示左右边
on the desk, on the wall, on the paper, on the left
on the tree(树本身长的东西)
in the tree(外来物落在树上)
2. 相对位置关系
介词
用法
例句
辨析
between
在两者之间
between you and me
强调一对一关系
among
在三者或以上之中
among the students
强调在群体之中
in front of
在…前面(外部)
in front of the house
in the front of
在…前部(内部)
in the front of the car
behind
在…后面
behind the door
beside
在…旁边
sit beside me
next to
紧挨着
next to the bank
3. 上下方位
介词
用法
例句
辨析
on
在…上面(接触)
on the table
两者接触
above
在…上方(不接触,不一定垂直)
above the clouds
反义词:below
over
1. 垂直正上方
2. 覆盖
3. 超过(数量)
over the bridge, over 100 people
强调垂直关系;反义词:under
under
垂直正下方(接触或不接触)
under the table
over 的反义词
below
在…下方(不接触,不一定垂直)
below sea level
above 的反义词
4. 方向与路径
介词
用法
例句
to
朝…方向;前往某地
go to school, point to the map
from
来自…;从…起点
come from China, from Monday to Friday
into
进入…内部(动态)
walk into the room
out of
从…里出来(动态)
look out of the window
across
横穿(从表面)
walk across the street
through
穿过(从内部空间)
go through the forest/tunnel
along
沿着…
walk along the road
up
向上;沿着…向上
climb up the hill
down
向下;沿着…向下
walk down the street
past
经过(地点)
go past the post office
around
围绕;在…周围
walk around the lake
方位辨析口诀:
at 小点,in 大圈,on 表面紧相连(表地点)
between 两者间,among 三者及以上
across 表面横穿过,through 内部穿隧道
三、方式、原因、关于等其他介词
介词
用法
例句
辨析
by
1. 通过…方式(交通工具、手段)
2. 被动语态施动者
3. 到…为止(时间)
by bike, by doing sth., written by Lu Xun
表方式时:by + 名词单数(无冠词)或 by + doing
with
1. 用…工具、器官(具体)
2. 和…一起
3. 带有、具有
write with a pen, go with me, a girl with big eyes
with 强调有形工具,by 强调抽象方式或交通手段
in
1. 用…语言、材料、方式
2. 穿着
in English, in ink, a man in black
for
1. 为了…(目的)
2. 因为…(原因)
3. 对于…来说
buy a gift for you, thank you for your help, It’s easy for me.
for vs of:
It’s kind of you.(你人善良,品质与主语相关)
It’s important for you.(这对你重要,与宾语相关)
of
1. …的(所属、材料)
2. 关于…
3. 由…组成
a map of China, a story of adventure, made of wood
made of(物理变化,可见原料)
made from(化学变化,原料不可见)
about
关于…(内容普通、通俗)
a book about animals
about vs on:
about(一般性话题)
on(学术性、专业性强的话题)
like
像…一样
He looks like his father.
表示相似关系(实际上不是)
as
作为…;以…身份
He works as a teacher.
表示实际身份或角色
except
除…之外(排除,从整体中减去)
All are here except Tom.(Tom没来)
except(排除)vs besides(包含)
besides
除…之外(还有,包含在内)
Besides Tom, we all went.(Tom也去了)
without
没有…
He left without saying goodbye.
四、固定搭配(高频)
类型
常见搭配
动词 + 介词
look at/for/after/into, listen to, belong to, agree with, think of/about, wait for, depend on, talk about, laugh at
形容词 + 介词
be good at, be interested in, be proud of, be afraid of, be famous for, be different from, be full of, be sorry for, be strict with/in
名词 + 介词
the key to, the answer to, the reason for, a visit to, thanks to, a way of
介词短语
at home, in time(及时), on time(准时), by the way, in front of, instead of, because of, at the end of, in order to
一、单项选择
1.(2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)Every year, tourists from all over the world come to Harbin to celebrate the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ January 5th.
A.in B.at C.on
2.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast.
A.in B.of C.at D.on
3.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little brother because he is only 10 months old.
A.besides B.except C.beside
4.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)________ 2016, the AI programme Alphago beat a human at the ancient game of Go.
A.To B.At C.On D.In
5.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly ________ heavier rainfall.
A.against B.with C.except D.among
6.(2024·北京·中考真题)The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024.
A.at B.on C.to D.in
7.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou.
A.to B.on C.at D.in
8.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)The bird in Picture ________ is between the boxes.
A. B. C. D.
9.(2024·四川凉山·中考真题)—Did you have fun watching the volleyball game?
—No. A tall man stood ______ me. I couldn’t see the players at all.
A.next to B.across from C.in front of
10.(2024·四川自贡·中考真题)We can go to school ________ bike to make our city greener.
A.by B.on C.in
考点四 连词
一、连词概述
连词用于连接单词、短语或句子。主要分为并列连词(连接并列成分)和从属连词(引导从句)。
二、并列连词
用于连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。
关系分类
连词
含义与用法
例句
并列关系
and
和,与(连接并列成分)
I like Kobe and Wang Zhizhi.
both...and...
…和…都(连接两个主语时,谓语用复数)
Both Li Ming and I are students.
not only...but also...
不但…而且…(连接两个主语时,谓语与后者一致)
Not only you but also I am from China.
neither...nor...
既不…也不…(连接两个主语时,谓语与后者一致)
Neither Nick nor his sister likes the book.
转折关系
but
但是(表转折)
I failed, but I won’t give up.
while
然而(对比转折)
I like spring, while Tom likes winter.
yet
然而,可是(语气较强)
He is rich, yet he is unhappy.
选择关系
or
或者;否则(用于选择或警告)
Do you like red or yellow?
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
either...or...
要么…要么…(连接主语时,谓语与后者一致)
Either you or Tom is right.
因果关系
for
因为(补充说明原因,不用于句首)
He must be ill, for he looks pale.
so
所以,因此(表结果)
I like the book, so I will buy it.
【易错提醒】
“冤家对头”不可共存:although/though 与 but、because 与 so 不能同时出现在一个句子中。
✅ Although it rained, we went out.
✅ It rained, but we went out.
❌ Although it rained, but we went out.
肯定与否定句中的转换:肯定句中用 and,相应的否定句中用 or(否定全部)。
He has brothers and sisters.
He has no brothers or sisters. (或:He has no brothers and no sisters.)
主谓一致原则:
both...and...:谓语用复数。
not only...but also... / either...or... / neither...nor...:谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致(就近原则)。
三、从属连词
用于引导从句,包括名词性从句(如宾语从句)、状语从句等。
从句类型
常用从属连词
含义与作用
例句
宾语从句
that
无实义,常可省略
I know (that) the puppy is clever.
if / whether
是否(引导一般疑问句转换的宾语从句)
We don’t know if/whether it will rain.
时间状语从句
when / whenever
当…时 / 无论何时
I was watching TV when she came back.
while
当…时(强调主从句动作同时发生)
While I was reading, he was sleeping.
as
当…时;随着
As I grew older, I became wiser.
before / after
在…之前 / 在…之后
Before you leave, turn off the light.
until / till
直到…为止
Wait here until I come back.
since
自从…以来(主句常用完成时)
I have lived here since I was born.
as soon as
一…就…
I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
地点状语从句
where / wherever
在…地方 / 无论哪里
Put it where you found it.
He will go wherever he likes.
原因状语从句
because
因为(语气最强,回答 why)
He is absent because he is ill.
since / as
既然 / 由于(语气较弱,常放句首)
Since you ask, I’ll tell you.
for
因为(补充说明,不用于句首)
He must be tired, for he worked all day.
目的状语从句
so that / in order that
为了,以便(常与情态动词 can/may 连用)
He came early so that he could watch TV.
结果状语从句
so...that... / such...that...
如此…以至于…(so 后接形容词/副词;such 后接名词)
It’s such a good movie that I’ll see it again.
He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
条件状语从句
if
如果(表条件)
If you work hard, you will succeed.
unless (= if not)
除非,如果不
You’ll fail unless you work hard.
让步状语从句
although / though
虽然,尽管(不与 but 连用)
Although he is young, he knows a lot.
even if / even though
即使(语气更强)
I’ll go even if it rains.
however / whatever
无论怎样 / 无论什么
However hard it is, I’ll try.
比较状语从句
than
比…(用于比较级)
This book is better than that one.
as...as... / not so...as...
和…一样 / 不如…
He is as tall as his father.
方式状语从句
as
按照,如同
Do as the teacher told you.
四、使用要点与易错点
区分并列连词与从属连词:
并列连词连接并列句,前后句子可独立存在。
从属连词引导从句,不能独立成句。
状语从句的时态:
在条件、时间状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来。
✅ If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.
❌ If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay home.
because 与 so 的误用:
汉语习惯说“因为…所以…”,但英语中 because 和 so 只能二选一。
whether 与 if 引导宾语从句的区别:
两者常可互换,但以下情况只用 whether:
与 or not 连用时:I don’t know whether he will come or not.
介词后:It depends on whether we have time.
引导主语从句或表语从句时:Whether he succeeds is not important.
so that 既可表目的也可表结果:
表目的:常含情态动词(can, may, could)。
表结果:无情态动词,前常有逗号。
一、单项选择
1.(2025·北京·中考真题)Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter.
A.or B.but C.so D.for
2.(2025·云南·中考真题)Fast food tastes delicious. ________ eating it too often is bad for your health.
A.Or B.And C.But D.So
3.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)—I like cooking, ________ I’m not good at it.
—You may ask Lily for help. She cooks nice food.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
4.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)The mascots for the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games share a motto (座右铭): Alone we go faster, ________ together we go further.
A.but B.because C.although D.so
5.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Mr. Hong has helped me improve my handwriting a lot, _______ I want to thank him with my fantastic works.
A.as B.but C.so D.or
6.(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Plastic waste has been a serious problem, ________ the United Nations (联合国) is making new rules to deal with it.
A.so B.but C.or
7.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, ________ we’ll be late for the train.
A.and B.or C.but
8.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)The flight was delayed (延期) because of storm, ________ the passengers had to wait at the airport.
A.so B.or C.for
9.(2024·江西·中考真题)Oh, I get it—you want me to do all the work ________ you sit at home doing nothing.
A.or B.while C.until D.unless
10.(2023·西藏·中考真题)Ice-cream is delicious, ________ we can’t eat too much.
A.and B.so C.because D.but
一、单项选择
1.You can find much fine ________ in the modern house in the downtown area.
A.painting B.decoration C.furniture D.photograph
2.The theme park is about __________ ride from the museum.
A.two hour B.two hour’s C.two hours’ D.two hours
3.Mr. Li gives us many good ________ on how to protect the environment.
A.advices B.pieces of advices C.pieces of advice D.an advice
4.—Whose room is this?
—It’s ________.
A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy’s and Lily’s C.Lucy and Lily’s D.Lucy’s and Lily
5.The new high-speed railway makes ________ possible to travel between cities quickly.
A.it B.this C.that D.one
6.I’ve read one comic strip. I’ll read ________ one before class.
A.other B.the other C.another D.others
7.My grandpa knows ________ about how AI works. It’s just like magic to him.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
8.Our country held the grand military parade (大阅兵) ________ September 2025 in Beijing.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
9.—Are you going hiking with the whole group this weekend?
—No. All of us are going ________ Tom. He has a football match.
A.besides B.except C.along D.towards
10.Sometimes Mother’s Day is ________ the same day as International Nurses Day.
A.in B.on C.at D.for
二、单词拼写
11.The of 5G technology will change our daily life greatly. (develop)
12.The old town tells lively about Shanghai’s past and its unique culture. (story)
13.Her in the competition made her parents very proud. (succeed).
14.With the help of apps and textbooks, these students teach French. (they)
15.Once the repair is finished, I’m sure no other playground is better than . (we)
16.Our class will have a basketball game (和……对抗) Class 6 this afternoon.
17.In my hometown, there was a big tree (在……对面) my house.
18.Lily decorated the room in a modern style, w her sister preferred a traditional look.
19. Mrs Smith makes any special dish, she will surely offer it to me. (无论何时)
20.He can e sing a song or tell a joke at the party to make everyone happy.
三、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。
A foreign student in China gave a very 21 (move) answer to the question: What should China be proud 22 ? It was 23 (wide) spread online.
Emma is from Canada. She 24 (come) to China several years ago. Now she is a university student in Ningbo. The following is China in her 25 (eye).
“I dare to take a walk alone at night 26 its public security (安全) is great. I have travelled to many countries so far, and I think China is really safe.”
“ 27 (million) of Chinese are studying English. China has become the country which has the 28 (large) number of English speakers in non-English-speaking countries.”
“The speed of Chinese trains is fast. On my third visit to 29 (I) friend’s home in Beijing, I took a train there. It was 30 amazing trip. From Ningbo to Beijing, the train usually runs 1,365 kilometers in only seven hours.”
“In the future, I think there will be more things China should take pride in. I believe China must 31 (be) much better than other countries.”
四、选词填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每空一词,每词限用一次。
attention somebody laugh excited local follow rest letters spread see mystery
Now. I’d like to talk about something about “seeing is believing”. I’m a 32 reporter. It’s my duty (职责) to search for some news that is useful.
Recently, we have received many calls and 33 from the villagers. One of them was a 34 . It was said that 35 found a big and strange fish in the lake at night. The fish had a strange shape and nobody had ever 36 it before.
This news was more valuable than others so it caught our 37 at once. Since then, several friends and I set up a tent and waited there. For a long time, we were all very sleepy. All of us wanted to go home to have a good 38 . Suddenly, we heard something from the lake. We were fresh again and started to 39 the strong and noisy sound to find the truth. What we had been waiting for finally appeared, so we were very 40 . But when we saw it, we 41 at the same time, because it was just a common fish with a big shape. The one who 42 the news just exaggerated (夸大) the fact.
1 / 18
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专题04 名词、代词、介词、连词
目 录
01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02 时空导航·网络构建 5
03 题型通关·靶向突破 6
考点一 名词
考点二 代词0
考点三 介词3
考点四 连词9
04 优题精选·练能提分 24
考查形式
2025年
2024年
考情剖析
完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空、选词填空
名词所有格、指示代词、介词短语(because of)、从属连词(when/if/although)
名词单复数、物主代词、介词搭配(in/on/at)、并列连词(and/but/or)
考情分析
名词考查重点
1. 可数名词单复数变化
规则变化:加-s/-es
不规则变化:child→children, foot→feet
2024年短文填空:different kinds of colorful products(可数名词复数)
2. 不可数名词
无复数形式,用量词表达数量
常见不可数名词:advice, information, news, bread, milk
2025年选词填空:rich in both culture and nature(不可数名词)
3. 名词所有格
有生命名词:'s(Tom's book)
无生命名词:of短语(the door of the room)
2025年短文填空:a man of his word(所有格代词)
4. 名词作定语
名词直接修饰名词:rose jam(2025年选词填空)、cotton industry。
代词考查重点
1. 人称代词
主格:I/you/he/she/it/we/they
宾格:me/you/him/her/it/us/them
2025年完形填空:He felt lonely... He just replied...(主格)
2. 物主代词
形容词性:my/your/his/her/its/our/their
名词性:mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs
2024年完形填空:She wrote a note to tell him...(宾格)
3. 指示代词
this/that(单数), these/those(复数)
2025年听力选择:the red one is my sister Judy's(that/one替代)
4. 不定代词
some/any, each/every, both/all, neither/none
2024年完形填空:She always writes love notes to warm others.(不定代词)
5. 疑问代词与关系代词
who/whom/whose/which/what(疑问)
who/whom/whose/which/that(定语从句)
2024年完形填空:My husband asked me what was wrong.(疑问代词)
介词考查重点
1. 时间介词
at+时刻:at 8 o'clock
on+日期/星期:on Monday, on May 9th
in+年/月/季节:in 2024, in summer
2024年阅读理解:On May 9, a Chinese... put a video on Douyin.
2. 地点介词
in:在...内(大范围)
on:在...上(接触表面)
at:在...点(小地点)
2025年完形填空:He lives near a river.(地点介词)
3. 方式、原因、目的介词
by:通过...方式(by bus)
with:用...工具(with a pen)
for:为了...目的(for fun)
2024年短文填空:with wheat flour and yeast(材料)
4. 固定介词短语
because of, thanks to, according to
in front of, at the end of
2025年选词填空:Thanks to the development of technology.(固定短语)
连词考查重点
1. 并列连词
表示并列:and(和)
表示转折:but(但是)
表示选择:or(或者)
表示因果:so(所以)
2024年完形填空:He was the best player although he didn't win.(让步)
2. 从属连词
时间:when, while, after, before
原因:because, since, as
条件:if, unless
让步:though, although
2025年补全对话:Because I want to take photos for my family.(原因)
3. 连接副词
however, therefore, moreover, otherwise
(中考较少直接考查,多在阅读理解中理解逻辑关系)
命题预测
基础性覆盖广:四种词类是语法基础,几乎每篇完形填空、语法填空都会涉及。
固定搭配高频:介词短语、连词搭配是考查重点,尤其是常见固定结构。
语境化判断:同一单词在不同语境中可能属于不同词类,需要根据句子成分判断。
逻辑关系考查:连词考查侧重句子间的逻辑关系(因果、转折、并列等)。
代词指代清晰:在语篇中考查代词与前文名词的指代关系。。
考点一 名词
一、名词的分类
根据是否可数,名词分为两大类:
类别
特点
示例
可数名词
有单复数形式,可与不定冠词 a/an 或数词连用
book → books, apple → apples
不可数名词
无复数形式,不可与 a/an 或数词直接连用;计量时需用“量词 + of”结构
water, advice, information
a cup of water, a piece of advice
二、可数名词的复数变化规则
1. 规则变化
规则分类
构成方法
例词
特别注意
一般情况
直接加 -s
book → books, desk → desks
最普遍规则
以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾
加 -es
bus → buses, box → boxes, dish → dishes, watch → watches
因发音需要 (/ɪz/)
以辅音字母 + y 结尾
变 y 为 i,再加 -es
city → cities, baby → babies
元音字母 + y 直接加 s:boy → boys, day → days
以 o 结尾
有生命加 -es
无生命加 -s
potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes
photo → photos, piano → pianos
高频易错点:
常考加 -es 的词:hero, Negro, tomato, potato
(口诀:英雄和黑人爱吃土豆和西红柿)
以 f 或 fe 结尾
变 f/fe 为 v,再加 -es
leaf → leaves, knife → knives, wife → wives
常见需变的有:leaf, thief, wolf, half, life, knife, shelf, self, wife
例外(直接加 s):roof → roofs, belief → beliefs, chief → chiefs
2. 不规则变化
类型
变化方式
例词
注意
改变内部元音
单复数形式不同
man → men, woman → women, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice
German → Germans(非 men)
单复同形
单复数形式相同
sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese, jin(斤), yuan(元)
fish 表“种类”时复数加 -es: fishes
特殊变化
无规则,需单独记忆
child → children, ox → oxen
必须熟记
3. 复合名词的复数
类型
构成方法
例词
含主体名词
将主体名词变为复数
passer-by → passers-by(过路人), son-in-law → sons-in-law(女婿)
无主体名词
在最后加 -s
grown-up → grown-ups(成年人)
含 man/woman
前后部分都变复数
woman teacher → women teachers, man doctor → men doctors
三、特殊名词形式与用法
类别
特点与用法
示例
注意
形复实单
看起来像复数,但作单数用,谓语用单数
news(新闻), physics(物理), the United States(美国)
The news is exciting.
形单实复
看起来像单数,但作复数用,谓语用复数
people(人们), police(警察)
The police are searching.
只有复数形式
只有复数形式,谓语用复数;计量用“pair of”
clothes, trousers, glasses, scissors
a pair of trousers;These scissors are sharp.
集合名词
强调整体时用单数
强调成员时用复数
family, class, team, group
My family is large.(大家庭)
My family are watching TV.(家人在看)
注意:
a people 指“一个民族”;peoples 指“多个民族”。
fish 表“鱼肉”时不可数;表“鱼(条数)”时单复同形;表“种类”时用 fishes。
四、名词所有格
表示名词的“所属关系”,主要有三种形式:
类型
构成与用法
示例
特别注意
-‘s 所有格
(有生命、时间、距离等)
1. 单数名词后加 -‘s
2. 复数名词:
- 以 s 结尾:加 -‘
- 不以 s 结尾:加 -‘s
3. 用于时间、距离、国家、城市、团体等
Tom’s book
teachers’ office(老师们)
Children’s Day(儿童)
ten minutes’ walk
China’s development
易错点:
Lucy and Lily’s room(两人共用一间)
Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms(各自拥有,两间)
of 所有格
(无生命、抽象概念)
结构:名词 + of + 名词
the window of the room
the name of the film
常用于无生命事物,或有较长修饰语时:
the support of the people all over the country
双重所有格
结构:a/an/数词/this/that… + 名词 + of + -‘s 所有格/名词性物主代词
a friend of my father’s
that book of hers
核心考点:
1. 表示“其中之一”(部分概念)
2. 带有感情色彩(赞赏或厌恶)
3. of 后的名词必须为特指且有生命
五、名词的常见后缀与词性转换
转换方向
常见后缀
例词
释义
动词/形容词 → 名词
-er/-or(…者,从事…的人)
teach → teacher, work → worker, act → actor
教师,工人,演员
-ist(…家,…主义者)
art → artist, science → scientist
艺术家,科学家
-ment(表行为、状态、结果)
develop → development, agree → agreement
发展,同意
-tion/-sion(表行为、状态)
invent → invention, decide → decision
发明,决定
-ness(表性质、状态)
happy → happiness, kind → kindness
幸福,善良
-th(表状态、性质)
true → truth, long → length
真理,长度
-ance/-ence(表状态、性质)
appear → appearance, differ → difference
出现,不同
-y/-ty/-ity(表性质、状态)
difficult → difficulty, safe → safety
困难,安全
-ing(表动作、结果、材料)
build → building, feel → feeling
建筑,感觉
名词/动词 → 名词
-ship(表状态、身份、关系)
friend → friendship, leader → leadership
友谊,领导地位
-dom(表状态、领域)
free → freedom, king → kingdom
自由,王国
一、单词拼写
1.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Many (tree) are planted every year to make our city beautiful.
【答案】trees
【详解】句意:每年都种很多树,让我们的城市变得美丽。“many”后接复数可数名词。故填trees。
2.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)He makes a (decide) to fight against enemies to protect his family and home.
【答案】decision
【详解】句意:他决定与敌人战斗以保护他的家人和家园。根据“makes a...”可知,此处需要填入一个名词形式,表示“决定”。decide的名词形式是decision,且前面有不定冠词a,故用单数形式。故填decision。
3.(2025·江苏无锡·中考真题)Ne Zha 2 has been the biggest (win) on the film market this year.
【答案】winner
【详解】句意:《哪吒2》是今年电影市场上最大的赢家。根据“Ne Zha 2 has been the biggest ... on the film market this year.”可知,此处表示《哪吒2》是今年电影市场上最大的赢家,winner“赢家”符合,此处用名词单数。故填winner。
4.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)His cousin keeps on painting in order to become an (art).
【答案】artist
【详解】句意:他的表弟一直坚持画画,为的是成为一名艺术家。根据“in order to become an...(art)”可知,此处指成为一名艺术家,artist“艺术家”,an后接其单数形式。故填artist。
5.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Today is my (brother) birthday. I want to make a bowl of long noodles for him.
【答案】brother’s
【详解】句意:今天是我弟弟的生日。我想为他做一碗长寿面。根据“Today is my...birthday.”可知,此处表达“我弟弟的生日”,应该使用名词所有格形式来表示所属关系,即在名词“brother”后加“’s”。故填brother’s。
6.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)Doctors say we should drink enough (water) every day.
【答案】water
【详解】句意:医生说我们每天应该喝足够的水。根据“drink enough...”可知,此处表达“喝足够的水”,water“水”,为不可数名词,在这里作drink的宾语。故填water。
7.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)The key to (happy) is to see all the beauty of the world.
【答案】happiness
【详解】句意:获得幸福的关键在于能够发现世间所有的美好。本句中to是介词,其后用名词happiness,the key to happiness“幸福的关键”。故填happiness。
8.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)Chinese people use twelve animals to name the year of a (person) birth.
【答案】person’s
【详解】句意:中国人用十二种动物来命名一个人出生的年份。空处作定语修饰名词birth,应用名词所有格形式person’s。故填person’s。
9.(2025·黑龙江·中考真题)Thanks for your (invite). But I have to take care of my younger sister.
【答案】invitation
【详解】句意:感谢您的邀请。但我得去照顾我的妹妹了。此处应使用名词作宾语,invitation“邀请”符合语境,故填invitation。
10.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)The Silk Road is becoming a top choice for international (visitor).
【答案】visitors
【详解】句意:丝绸之路正成为国际游客的首选。此处泛指“国际游客”,用名词复数visitors“游客”。故填visitors。
考点二 代词
一、人称代词
人称代词是表示“我、你、他”等人称的代词,具有单复数、性别、以及主格和宾格的变化。
1. 人称代词的形式
人称
数
主格(作主语)
宾格(作宾语)
第一人称
单数
I (我)
me (我)
复数
we (我们)
us (我们)
第二人称
单数
you (你)
you (你)
复数
you (你们)
you (你们)
第三人称
单数
he (他)
she (她)
it (它)
him (他)
her (她)
it (它)
复数
they (他们/她们/它们)
them (他们/她们/它们)
2. 人称代词的用法
用法
说明
例句
主格作主语
位于句首,作句子主语
He is a teacher.
They are students.
宾格作宾语
位于动词或介词后,作宾语
Can you help me? (动词后)
The cake is for her. (介词后)
口语/单独使用
简短对话或用在 not 后,常用宾格
— I like English.
— Me too.
— Who broke the window?
— Me.
than 后比较
than 后主格宾格均可
He is older than me / I.
并列使用顺序
单数:2/3 1 (you/he and I)
复数:we, you and they
You and I are friends.
We, you and they should go together.
二、物主代词
物主代词表示某人或某物属于谁,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1. 物主代词的形式
人称
数
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
单数
my (我的)
mine (我的)
复数
our (我们的)
ours (我们的)
第二人称
单数
your (你的)
yours (你的)
复数
your (你们的)
yours (你们的)
第三人称
单数
his (他的)
her (她的)
its (它的)
his (他的)
hers (她的)
its (它的)
复数
their (他们的/她们的/它们的)
theirs (他们的/她们的/它们的)
2. 物主代词的用法
类型
作用
用法
例句
形容词性物主代词
相当于形容词
后必须接名词,作定语
This is my book.
Their house is big.
名词性物主代词
相当于名词
独立使用,后面不接名词
This book is mine.
Those apples are hers.
3. 转换关系
名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
例如:
my book → This book is mine.
her pen → That pen is hers.
Is this your bag? No, it’s his.
一、单词拼写
1.(2025·甘肃兰州·中考真题)I am 15 years old and I’m able to look after (I) well.
【答案】myself
【详解】句意:我15岁了,我能够很好地照顾自己。根据“I’m able to look after...well.”可知,此处表达“我能够很好地照顾自己”,look after oneself表示“照顾自己”,因此应该使用反身代词“myself”来指代主语“I”自己。故填myself。
2.(2025·甘肃白银·中考真题)Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things.
【答案】him
【详解】句意:吉姆的老师鼓励他尝试新事物。动词后面用人称宾格,him符合句意,故填him。
3.(2025·江苏扬州·中考真题)Some tourists fall in love with Yangzhou rather than just its tourist attractions. (it)
【答案】itself
【详解】句意:有些游客爱上了扬州本身,而不仅仅是它的旅游景点。根据“rather than just its tourist attractions”可知,不只是爱上扬州的景点,而是爱上了扬州这座城市本身,用it的反身代词itself来指代。故填itself。
4.(2025·云南·中考真题)She sang an English song for at the party yesterday. (we)
【答案】us
【详解】句意:昨天在聚会上,她为我们唱了一首英文歌。此处作介词for的宾语用代词宾格us“我们”。故填us。
5.(2025·四川达州·中考真题)Students should be allowed to make decisions by (they).
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:学生应该被允许自己做决定。by oneself“独自”,为固定短语。此处用them的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
6.(2024·西藏·中考真题)His English-Chinese dictionary is different from (I).
【答案】mine
【详解】句意:他的英汉词典和我的不同。根据“s different from”可知,此处用名词性物主代词作宾语,mine代指“my English-Chinese dictionary”,故填mine。
7.(2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题)—Space technologies are widely used in different kinds of industries.
—I agree. Space exploration benefits a lot. (we)
【答案】us
【详解】句意:——空间技术广泛应用于不同类型的工业中。——我同意。太空探索对我们大有裨益。we“我们”,人称代词主格。benefits是动词,其后应用人称代词宾格us作宾语。故填us。
8.(2024·云南·中考真题)Nie Er is a great musician in China. We all take pride in . (he)
【答案】him
【详解】句意:聂耳是中国一位伟大的音乐家。我们都为他感到骄傲。此处在动词短语后作宾语,用宾格him,故填him。
9.(2024·四川达州·中考真题)There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use (you)?
【答案】yours
【详解】句意:我的电脑有问题。我可以用你的吗?you“你”,人称代词。空格后无名词,此处指使用你的电脑,故用名词性物主代词yours指代。故填yours。
10.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)We enjoyed (our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.
【答案】ourselves
【详解】句意:上周日我们在兆麟公园玩得很开心。our“我们的”,形容词性物主代词。enjoy oneself“玩得愉快”,此处应为反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。
考点三 介词
一、时间介词
介词
用法
例句
注意
at
1. 具体的钟点、时刻
2. 短暂时间点(noon, night, midnight)
3. 年龄(at the age of)
4. 固定搭配
at 7:00, at noon, at night, at the moment
用于时间点或视为时间点的短暂时段
on
1. 具体的某一天、日期
2. 特定某天的上午/下午/晚上
3. 纪念日
on Monday, on May 1st, on Sunday morning, on my birthday
区别:in the morning(泛指)
on a rainy morning(特指)
in
1. 较长时段(年/月/季节/世纪)
2. 一天中的部分(泛指)
3. “在…之后”(接一段时间)
in 2025, in July, in the morning, in ten minutes(十分钟后)
“in + 时间段”表示将来,意为“…之后”
for
持续一段时间,强调时长
for two years, for three hours
回答 How long...? 的提问
since
自过去某时间点起,与完成时连用
since 2020, since I came here
后接时间点或句子
during
在…期间,强调整个时段内
during the holiday, during the meeting
后接表示特定期间的名词
until/till
直到…为止,表示动作持续到某时刻
Wait until I come back.
否定句意为“直到…才”:I didn’t sleep until midnight.
by
到…为止;不迟于,表示截止时间
by Friday, by the end of this month
常与完成时连用
before
在…之前
before dinner, before 5 o’clock
after
在…之后(时间点后)
after 6:00, after that
后接时间点用于将来时;时间段多用于过去时
from...to...
从…到…
from Monday to Friday
易错提示:this, that, these, last, next, every, each 等词构成的时间短语前不加介词,如:this week, every year。
二、方位与方向介词
1. 地点与范围
介词
用法
例句
易错辨析
at
1. 较小、具体地点(视为点)
2. 门牌号
at the bus stop, at home, at 123 Main Street
at school(在学校上学)
in the school(在学校建筑里)
in
1. 较大地点、空间范围(国家、城市、房间)
2. 在…内部
3. 印在纸上/书中
in China, in the park, in the box, in the book
强调“在…内部”或有明确边界
on
1. 在…表面(接触)
2. 在街道、海岸线旁
3. 印在纸面
4. 表示左右边
on the desk, on the wall, on the paper, on the left
on the tree(树本身长的东西)
in the tree(外来物落在树上)
2. 相对位置关系
介词
用法
例句
辨析
between
在两者之间
between you and me
强调一对一关系
among
在三者或以上之中
among the students
强调在群体之中
in front of
在…前面(外部)
in front of the house
in the front of
在…前部(内部)
in the front of the car
behind
在…后面
behind the door
beside
在…旁边
sit beside me
next to
紧挨着
next to the bank
3. 上下方位
介词
用法
例句
辨析
on
在…上面(接触)
on the table
两者接触
above
在…上方(不接触,不一定垂直)
above the clouds
反义词:below
over
1. 垂直正上方
2. 覆盖
3. 超过(数量)
over the bridge, over 100 people
强调垂直关系;反义词:under
under
垂直正下方(接触或不接触)
under the table
over 的反义词
below
在…下方(不接触,不一定垂直)
below sea level
above 的反义词
4. 方向与路径
介词
用法
例句
to
朝…方向;前往某地
go to school, point to the map
from
来自…;从…起点
come from China, from Monday to Friday
into
进入…内部(动态)
walk into the room
out of
从…里出来(动态)
look out of the window
across
横穿(从表面)
walk across the street
through
穿过(从内部空间)
go through the forest/tunnel
along
沿着…
walk along the road
up
向上;沿着…向上
climb up the hill
down
向下;沿着…向下
walk down the street
past
经过(地点)
go past the post office
around
围绕;在…周围
walk around the lake
方位辨析口诀:
at 小点,in 大圈,on 表面紧相连(表地点)
between 两者间,among 三者及以上
across 表面横穿过,through 内部穿隧道
三、方式、原因、关于等其他介词
介词
用法
例句
辨析
by
1. 通过…方式(交通工具、手段)
2. 被动语态施动者
3. 到…为止(时间)
by bike, by doing sth., written by Lu Xun
表方式时:by + 名词单数(无冠词)或 by + doing
with
1. 用…工具、器官(具体)
2. 和…一起
3. 带有、具有
write with a pen, go with me, a girl with big eyes
with 强调有形工具,by 强调抽象方式或交通手段
in
1. 用…语言、材料、方式
2. 穿着
in English, in ink, a man in black
for
1. 为了…(目的)
2. 因为…(原因)
3. 对于…来说
buy a gift for you, thank you for your help, It’s easy for me.
for vs of:
It’s kind of you.(你人善良,品质与主语相关)
It’s important for you.(这对你重要,与宾语相关)
of
1. …的(所属、材料)
2. 关于…
3. 由…组成
a map of China, a story of adventure, made of wood
made of(物理变化,可见原料)
made from(化学变化,原料不可见)
about
关于…(内容普通、通俗)
a book about animals
about vs on:
about(一般性话题)
on(学术性、专业性强的话题)
like
像…一样
He looks like his father.
表示相似关系(实际上不是)
as
作为…;以…身份
He works as a teacher.
表示实际身份或角色
except
除…之外(排除,从整体中减去)
All are here except Tom.(Tom没来)
except(排除)vs besides(包含)
besides
除…之外(还有,包含在内)
Besides Tom, we all went.(Tom也去了)
without
没有…
He left without saying goodbye.
四、固定搭配(高频)
类型
常见搭配
动词 + 介词
look at/for/after/into, listen to, belong to, agree with, think of/about, wait for, depend on, talk about, laugh at
形容词 + 介词
be good at, be interested in, be proud of, be afraid of, be famous for, be different from, be full of, be sorry for, be strict with/in
名词 + 介词
the key to, the answer to, the reason for, a visit to, thanks to, a way of
介词短语
at home, in time(及时), on time(准时), by the way, in front of, instead of, because of, at the end of, in order to
一、单项选择
1.(2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)Every year, tourists from all over the world come to Harbin to celebrate the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival ________ January 5th.
A.in B.at C.on
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每年,来自世界各地的游客都会来到哈尔滨,于1月5日庆祝哈尔滨国际冰雪节。
考查介词辨析。in在……里,通常用于月份、年份或季节;at在,通常用于具体时间点;on在……上,通常用于具体日期或星期几。根据“January 5th.”可知,此处指的是具体日期,应用on。故选C。
2.(2025·江苏淮安·中考真题)Jack gets up early ________ the morning. He often goes running before breakfast.
A.in B.of C.at D.on
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克早上起得很早。他经常在早餐前跑步。
考查介词词义辨析。in表示时间时,常表示在早晨、下午或晚上;of……的;at表示时间时,后跟具体时刻;on表示时间时,用于某天的前面。句中“the morning”指的是在早上,应用介词in。故选A。
3.(2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little brother because he is only 10 months old.
A.besides B.except C.beside
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我家里每个人都做家务,除了我弟弟,因为他只有10个月大。
考查介词辨析。besides除了,包括在内;except除了,不包括在内;beside在旁边。根据“Everyone in my family does chores...my little brother because he is only 10 months old.”可知除了弟弟每个人都要做家务,因为他只有10个月大,所以是不包括他,用介词except。故选B。
4.(2024·江苏南京·中考真题)________ 2016, the AI programme Alphago beat a human at the ancient game of Go.
A.To B.At C.On D.In
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在2016年,人工智能程序Alphago在古老的围棋比赛中击败了一个人。
考查介词辨析。to到;at在某时刻;on在某一天;in在某年某月某季节。空后是具体年份,用介词In。故选D。
5.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)Lixia, or the Start of Summer, is a time when the temperature increases quickly ________ heavier rainfall.
A.against B.with C.except D.among
【答案】B
【详解】句意:立夏,即夏天的开始,是气温迅速上升并伴随更多降雨的时节。
考查介词辨析。against紧靠;with和;except除了;among在……中。根据“when the temperature increases quickly...heavier rainfall.”可知,此处表示伴随,用介词with,表示“气温迅速上升并伴随更多降雨”。故选B。
6.(2024·北京·中考真题)The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024.
A.at B.on C.to D.in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:嫦娥六号在2024年6月2日成功登上月球背面。
考查介词辨析。at用于具体的时刻前面;on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上;to表示方向或目的地;in用于年、月、季节的前面。根据“June 2, 2024”可知是具体的某一天,因此应用介词on。故选B。
7.(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou.
A.to B.on C.at D.in
【答案】D
【详解】句意:马可波罗纪念馆位于扬州东关街东端。
考查介词辨析。to到;on在……上面;at在;in在……里面。此处指纪念馆位于扬州……,in Yangzhou“在扬州”,应用介词in。故选D。
8.(2024·甘肃白银·中考真题)The bird in Picture ________ is between the boxes.
A. B. C. D.
【答案】A
【详解】句意:图片A中的鸟在两个盒子之间。
考查常识。根据图片可知,A选项中的鸟在两个盒子之间。故选A。
9.(2024·四川凉山·中考真题)—Did you have fun watching the volleyball game?
—No. A tall man stood ______ me. I couldn’t see the players at all.
A.next to B.across from C.in front of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你看排球比赛玩得开心吗?——不。一个高个子男人站在我面前。我根本看不见球员。
考查地点介词。next to在……旁边;across from在……对面;in front of在……前面。根据“A tall man stood … me. I couldn’t see the players at all”可知,看不见球员,所以是这个男人站在了我前面,故选C。
10.(2024·四川自贡·中考真题)We can go to school ________ bike to make our city greener.
A.by B.on C.in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们可以骑自行车去上学,使我们的城市更环保。
考查介词辨析。by乘;on在上面;in在里面。by bike“骑自行车”,固定用法,故选A。
考点四 连词
一、连词概述
连词用于连接单词、短语或句子。主要分为并列连词(连接并列成分)和从属连词(引导从句)。
二、并列连词
用于连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。
关系分类
连词
含义与用法
例句
并列关系
and
和,与(连接并列成分)
I like Kobe and Wang Zhizhi.
both...and...
…和…都(连接两个主语时,谓语用复数)
Both Li Ming and I are students.
not only...but also...
不但…而且…(连接两个主语时,谓语与后者一致)
Not only you but also I am from China.
neither...nor...
既不…也不…(连接两个主语时,谓语与后者一致)
Neither Nick nor his sister likes the book.
转折关系
but
但是(表转折)
I failed, but I won’t give up.
while
然而(对比转折)
I like spring, while Tom likes winter.
yet
然而,可是(语气较强)
He is rich, yet he is unhappy.
选择关系
or
或者;否则(用于选择或警告)
Do you like red or yellow?
Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
either...or...
要么…要么…(连接主语时,谓语与后者一致)
Either you or Tom is right.
因果关系
for
因为(补充说明原因,不用于句首)
He must be ill, for he looks pale.
so
所以,因此(表结果)
I like the book, so I will buy it.
【易错提醒】
“冤家对头”不可共存:although/though 与 but、because 与 so 不能同时出现在一个句子中。
✅ Although it rained, we went out.
✅ It rained, but we went out.
❌ Although it rained, but we went out.
肯定与否定句中的转换:肯定句中用 and,相应的否定句中用 or(否定全部)。
He has brothers and sisters.
He has no brothers or sisters. (或:He has no brothers and no sisters.)
主谓一致原则:
both...and...:谓语用复数。
not only...but also... / either...or... / neither...nor...:谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致(就近原则)。
三、从属连词
用于引导从句,包括名词性从句(如宾语从句)、状语从句等。
从句类型
常用从属连词
含义与作用
例句
宾语从句
that
无实义,常可省略
I know (that) the puppy is clever.
if / whether
是否(引导一般疑问句转换的宾语从句)
We don’t know if/whether it will rain.
时间状语从句
when / whenever
当…时 / 无论何时
I was watching TV when she came back.
while
当…时(强调主从句动作同时发生)
While I was reading, he was sleeping.
as
当…时;随着
As I grew older, I became wiser.
before / after
在…之前 / 在…之后
Before you leave, turn off the light.
until / till
直到…为止
Wait here until I come back.
since
自从…以来(主句常用完成时)
I have lived here since I was born.
as soon as
一…就…
I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
地点状语从句
where / wherever
在…地方 / 无论哪里
Put it where you found it.
He will go wherever he likes.
原因状语从句
because
因为(语气最强,回答 why)
He is absent because he is ill.
since / as
既然 / 由于(语气较弱,常放句首)
Since you ask, I’ll tell you.
for
因为(补充说明,不用于句首)
He must be tired, for he worked all day.
目的状语从句
so that / in order that
为了,以便(常与情态动词 can/may 连用)
He came early so that he could watch TV.
结果状语从句
so...that... / such...that...
如此…以至于…(so 后接形容词/副词;such 后接名词)
It’s such a good movie that I’ll see it again.
He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
条件状语从句
if
如果(表条件)
If you work hard, you will succeed.
unless (= if not)
除非,如果不
You’ll fail unless you work hard.
让步状语从句
although / though
虽然,尽管(不与 but 连用)
Although he is young, he knows a lot.
even if / even though
即使(语气更强)
I’ll go even if it rains.
however / whatever
无论怎样 / 无论什么
However hard it is, I’ll try.
比较状语从句
than
比…(用于比较级)
This book is better than that one.
as...as... / not so...as...
和…一样 / 不如…
He is as tall as his father.
方式状语从句
as
按照,如同
Do as the teacher told you.
四、使用要点与易错点
区分并列连词与从属连词:
并列连词连接并列句,前后句子可独立存在。
从属连词引导从句,不能独立成句。
状语从句的时态:
在条件、时间状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来。
✅ If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.
❌ If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay home.
because 与 so 的误用:
汉语习惯说“因为…所以…”,但英语中 because 和 so 只能二选一。
whether 与 if 引导宾语从句的区别:
两者常可互换,但以下情况只用 whether:
与 or not 连用时:I don’t know whether he will come or not.
介词后:It depends on whether we have time.
引导主语从句或表语从句时:Whether he succeeds is not important.
so that 既可表目的也可表结果:
表目的:常含情态动词(can, may, could)。
表结果:无情态动词,前常有逗号。
一、单项选择
1.(2025·北京·中考真题)Janet has done a lot for us, ________ we want to write her a thank-you letter.
A.or B.but C.so D.for
【答案】C
【详解】句意:珍妮特为我们做了很多,所以我们想给她写一封感谢信。
考查连词辨析。or或者;but但是;so因此;for因为。分析句子可知,因为珍妮特为我们做了很多,所以给她写感谢信,前后是因果关系,应用so连接。故选C。
2.(2025·云南·中考真题)Fast food tastes delicious. ________ eating it too often is bad for your health.
A.Or B.And C.But D.So
【答案】C
【详解】句意:快餐尝起来很美味。但是吃得太多对你的健康有害。
考查并列连词辨析。Or否则;And和;But但是;So所以。由“Fast food tastes delicious”与“eating it too often is bad for your health”可知,前后句为转折关系,指的是虽然好吃,但吃太多不好。应用But连接。故选C。
3.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)—I like cooking, ________ I’m not good at it.
—You may ask Lily for help. She cooks nice food.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我喜欢做饭,但我不擅长。——你可以向莉莉求助。她做的菜很好吃。
考查连词辨析。and和;but但是;or或者;so所以。前后两句是转折关系,用but连接。故选B。
4.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)The mascots for the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games share a motto (座右铭): Alone we go faster, ________ together we go further.
A.but B.because C.although D.so
【答案】A
【详解】句意:2024年巴黎奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物有一个共同的座右铭:独行行更快,同行走更远。
考查连词辨析。but但是;because因为;although虽然;so所以。“Alone we go faster,”和“together we go further.”是转折关系,用but连接。故选A。
5.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Mr. Hong has helped me improve my handwriting a lot, _______ I want to thank him with my fantastic works.
A.as B.but C.so D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:洪老师帮助我提高了很多书法,所以我想用我的精彩作品来感谢他。
考查连词辨析。as因为;but但是;so所以;or或者。前后两句构成因果关系,前因后果,用so连接,故选C。
6.(2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题)Plastic waste has been a serious problem, ________ the United Nations (联合国) is making new rules to deal with it.
A.so B.but C.or
【答案】A
【详解】句意:塑料垃圾一直是一个严重的问题,因此联合国正在制定新的规则来处理它。
考查连词辨析。so因此;but但是;or或者。分析句子可知,塑料垃圾问题一直很严重,所以联合国正在制定规则处理,前后文之间是因果关系,后者表结果,用so连接。故选A。
7.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning, ________ we’ll be late for the train.
A.and B.or C.but
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们明天早上必须7点起床,否则就赶不上火车了。
考查并列连词辨析。and并且;or否则;but但是。根据“We must get up at 7:00 tomorrow morning”可知,明早要7点起床,否则就会赶不上车,用or连接。故选B。
8.(2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题)The flight was delayed (延期) because of storm, ________ the passengers had to wait at the airport.
A.so B.or C.for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:由于暴风雨,航班延误了,所以乘客们不得不在机场等候。
考查连词辨析。so因此;or或者;for因为。“The flight was delayed”与“the passengers had to wait at the airport”是因果关系,遵循“前因后果”,故选A。
9.(2024·江西·中考真题)Oh, I get it—you want me to do all the work ________ you sit at home doing nothing.
A.or B.while C.until D.unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意:哦,我明白了——你想让我做所有的工作而你坐在家里无所事事。
考查连词辨析。or或者;while然而;until直到;unless除非。根据“you want me to do all the work ... you sit at home doing nothing”可知,前后两句构成转折关系,用while连接,故选B。
10.(2023·西藏·中考真题)Ice-cream is delicious, ________ we can’t eat too much.
A.and B.so C.because D.but
【答案】D
【详解】句意:冰淇淋很好吃,但是我们不能吃太多。
考查表示转折关系的并列连词。and和;so因此;because因为;but但是。空格前后两句为转折关系,应用表示转折关系的并列连词but来连接。故选D。
一、单项选择
1.You can find much fine ________ in the modern house in the downtown area.
A.painting B.decoration C.furniture D.photograph
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在市中心的这栋现代房子里,你能找到许多精美的家具。
考查名词辨析。painting绘画;decoration装饰;furniture家具;photograph照片。much修饰不可数名词,furniture是不可数名词,符合“much fine...”的搭配。故选C。
2.The theme park is about __________ ride from the museum.
A.two hour B.two hour’s C.two hours’ D.two hours
【答案】C
【详解】句意:主题公园离博物馆大约有两个小时的车程。
考查名词所有格。此处需要填入一个表示“两小时”的所有格形式来修饰“ride”,即“两小时的骑行”,two hours为可数名词复数,其所有格形式为“two hours’”。故选C。
3.Mr. Li gives us many good ________ on how to protect the environment.
A.advices B.pieces of advices C.pieces of advice D.an advice
【答案】C
【详解】句意:李先生给了我们许多关于如何保护环境的好建议。
考查不可数名词的用法。“advice”是不可数名词,不能直接加“s”或与“an”连用,表达“许多条建议”时需用pieces of advice。故选C。
4.—Whose room is this?
—It’s ________.
A.Lucy and Lily B.Lucy’s and Lily’s C.Lucy and Lily’s D.Lucy’s and Lily
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是谁的房间?——它是Lucy和Lily的。
考查名词所有格。Lucy and Lily露西和莉莉;Lucy’s and Lily’s露西的和莉莉的;Lucy and Lily’s露西和莉莉的;Lucy’s and Lily错误结构。此空表示“Lucy和Lily的房间”,排除A选项。根据it可知,表示两个人共同拥有的,在最后一个人名后加’s,故选C。
5.The new high-speed railway makes ________ possible to travel between cities quickly.
A.it B.this C.that D.one
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这条新的高速铁路使得在城市之间快速旅行成为可能。
考查代词辨析。it它;this这个;that那个;one一个。动词“makes”后接复合宾语结构“宾语+宾语补足语”,当真正的宾语是动词不定式短语“to travel…”时,用“it”作形式宾语,构成“make it+形容词+to do sth.”。故选A。
6.I’ve read one comic strip. I’ll read ________ one before class.
A.other B.the other C.another D.others
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我已经读了一本漫画书。我将在课前再读一本。
考查不定代词辨析。other其他的,修饰复数名词;the other另一个,特指两者中的另一个;another另一个,泛指额外的另一个;others其他人或物。根据“I’ve read one comic strip.”可知,已读一本漫画书,课前要读“另一本”,是泛指额外的一本,而非特指两者中的另一个,且“one”为单数,需用“another”修饰。故选C。
7.My grandpa knows ________ about how AI works. It’s just like magic to him.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我爷爷对人工智能如何运作一无所知。对他来说,这就像魔法一样。
考查复合不定代词辨析。something某事;anything任何事;everything每件事;nothing没有什么。根据下文“It’s just like magic to him.”可知,爷爷对AI的工作原理完全不了解,只有nothing能表达“完全不懂”的意思,与“像魔法一样”的语境完全吻合。故选D。
8.Our country held the grand military parade (大阅兵) ________ September 2025 in Beijing.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我国于 2025 年 9 月在北京举行了盛大的阅兵。
考查介词辨析。on用于具体某一天;in用于月份、年份、季节等;at用于具体时刻;of表示所属关系。根据“September 2025”可知,月份前用介词in。故选B。
9.—Are you going hiking with the whole group this weekend?
—No. All of us are going ________ Tom. He has a football match.
A.besides B.except C.along D.towards
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这个周末你会和整个团队一起去远足吗?——不,除了汤姆,我们都要去。他有一场足球比赛。
考查介词辨析。besides除了……之外(还有);except除了……之外(不包括);along沿着;towards朝向。根据“He has a football match”可知,汤姆不去远足,因此“我们所有人都去”不包括汤姆,需用表示排除的介词。故选B。
10.Sometimes Mother’s Day is ________ the same day as International Nurses Day.
A.in B.on C.at D.for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:有时母亲节和国际护士节在同一天。
考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等;on后跟具体的某一天;at后跟具体的时刻;for后跟一段时间。根据“the same day”可知,此处指具体的一天,应用介词on。故选B。
二、单词拼写
11.The of 5G technology will change our daily life greatly. (develop)
【答案】development
【详解】句意:5G技术的发展将极大地改变我们的日常生活。根据句子结构,空格位于定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间,需填入名词形式。动词“develop”的名词形式为“development”,意为“发展”。故填development。
12.The old town tells lively about Shanghai’s past and its unique culture. (story)
【答案】stories
【详解】句意:这座古镇讲述着关于上海的过去及其独特文化的生动故事。根据“about Shanghai’s past and its unique culture”可知,通常是多个故事,因此此处需用“story”(故事)的复数形式“stories”。故填stories。
13.Her in the competition made her parents very proud. (succeed).
【答案】success
【详解】句意:她在比赛中的成功让她的父母非常自豪。根据“made her parents very proud”可知,此处指“成功”让父母自豪,her后接名词。succeed的名词形式为success,且根据句意此处应用单数形式。故填success。
14.With the help of apps and textbooks, these students teach French. (they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:借助应用程序和教科书,这些学生自学法语。根据语境“these students teach... French”可知,学生是“教自己”,需用反身代词作“teach”的宾语。主语“these students”为复数,对应的反身代词是“themselves”。故填themselves。
15.Once the repair is finished, I’m sure no other playground is better than . (we)
【答案】ours
【详解】句意:一旦修缮完成,我确信没有其他操场比我们的更好。此处指our playground“我们的操场”,应该用名词性物主代词指代,we的名词性物主代词为ours,故填ours。
16.Our class will have a basketball game (和……对抗) Class 6 this afternoon.
【答案】against
【详解】句意:今天下午我们班将和六班进行一场篮球比赛。根据“have a basketball game...Class 6”及中文提示可知,本空缺少介词,英文中常用介词against表示“与……对抗/比赛”。故填against。
17.In my hometown, there was a big tree (在……对面) my house.
【答案】opposite
【详解】句意:在我的家乡,有一棵大树在我家对面。根据中文提示“在……对面”可知,此处应填表示“对面”的介词opposite,在句中作地点状语修饰big tree的位置。故填opposite。
18.Lily decorated the room in a modern style, w her sister preferred a traditional look.
【答案】(w)hile
【详解】句意:Lily把房间装修成现代风格,而她的姐姐更喜欢传统的样子。根据“Lily decorated the room in a modern style”和“her sister preferred a traditional look”以及首字母提示可知,应填while“而”,表示对比。故填(w)hile。
19. Mrs Smith makes any special dish, she will surely offer it to me. (无论何时)
【答案】Whenever
【详解】句意:无论什么时候,史密斯太太做了什么特别的菜,她一定会拿给我。根据汉语提示可知,whenever“无论何时”,引导让步状语从句,首字母大写。故填Whenever。
20.He can e sing a song or tell a joke at the party to make everyone happy.
【答案】(e)ither
【详解】句意:他可以在聚会上要么唱首歌要么讲个笑话来让每个人都开心。根据“sing a song or tell a joke at the party”和首字母“e”提示可知,此处是指要么唱歌要么讲笑话;考查either...or...“要么……要么……;或者……或者……”,用于连接两个并列的成分,表示在两者之间进行选择。故填(e)ither。
三、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。
A foreign student in China gave a very 21 (move) answer to the question: What should China be proud 22 ? It was 23 (wide) spread online.
Emma is from Canada. She 24 (come) to China several years ago. Now she is a university student in Ningbo. The following is China in her 25 (eye).
“I dare to take a walk alone at night 26 its public security (安全) is great. I have travelled to many countries so far, and I think China is really safe.”
“ 27 (million) of Chinese are studying English. China has become the country which has the 28 (large) number of English speakers in non-English-speaking countries.”
“The speed of Chinese trains is fast. On my third visit to 29 (I) friend’s home in Beijing, I took a train there. It was 30 amazing trip. From Ningbo to Beijing, the train usually runs 1,365 kilometers in only seven hours.”
“In the future, I think there will be more things China should take pride in. I believe China must 31 (be) much better than other countries.”
【答案】21.moving 22.of 23.widely 24.came 25.eyes 26.because 27.Millions 28.largest 29.my 30.an 31.be
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位在中国的加拿大留学生Emma,通过自己的亲身经历,回答了“中国应该为之骄傲的是什么”这一问题,表达了对中国的赞赏和对未来的信心。
21.句意:在中国的一名外国学生,就 “中国应该以什么为傲?” 这个问题给出了一个非常令人感动的回答。根据“gave a very…answer”可知,此处修饰名词answer,应用形容词。moving意为“令人感动的”,修饰物;moved意为“感动的”,修饰人。故填moving。
22.句意:在中国的一名外国学生,就 “中国应该以什么为傲?” 这个问题给出了一个非常令人感动的回答。根据“What should China be proud…?”可知,be proud of是固定搭配,意为“为……感到骄傲/自豪”。故填of。
23.句意:这个回答在网上被广泛传播。根据“It was…spread online.”可知,此处修饰动词spread,应用副词。widely意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
24.句意:她几年前来到中国。根据“She…to China several years ago.”可知,several years ago是明确的过去时间状语,时态为一般过去时。come的过去式为came。故填came。
25.句意:以下是她眼中的中国。根据“The following is China in her…”可知,in one’s eyes是固定搭配,意为“在某人眼中/看来”,eye常用复数形式eyes。故填eyes。
26.句意:“我敢在晚上独自散步,因为这里的治安非常好。” 根据“I dare to take a walk alone at night…its public security (安全) is great.”可知,后半句解释了敢在晚上独自散步的原因(治安好),前后句为因果关系,且引导原因状语从句,应用because意为“因为”。故填because。
27.句意:“数百万中国人正在学习英语。” 根据“…of Chinese are studying English.”可知,million与of连用时,表示概数“数百万”,million需加s。且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Millions。
28.句意:“中国已成为非英语国家中英语使用者数量最多的国家。” 根据“the country which has the…number of English speakers”可知,定冠词the后接形容词最高级。large的最高级为largest。故填largest。
29.句意:“在我第三次去北京朋友家的时候,我坐了火车去那里。” 根据“On my third visit to…friend’s home”可知,此处修饰名词friend’s home,应用形容词性物主代词。I对应的物主代词是my。故填my。
30.句意:“那是一次很棒的旅行。” 根据“It was…amazing trip.”可知,此处表示一次令人惊叹的旅行,表泛指。amazing以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。
31.句意:“我相信中国一定会比其他国家好得多。” 根据“I believe China must…much better”可知,must是情态动词,后接动词原形。故填be。
四、选词填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每空一词,每词限用一次。
attention somebody laugh excited local follow rest letters spread see mystery
Now. I’d like to talk about something about “seeing is believing”. I’m a 32 reporter. It’s my duty (职责) to search for some news that is useful.
Recently, we have received many calls and 33 from the villagers. One of them was a 34 . It was said that 35 found a big and strange fish in the lake at night. The fish had a strange shape and nobody had ever 36 it before.
This news was more valuable than others so it caught our 37 at once. Since then, several friends and I set up a tent and waited there. For a long time, we were all very sleepy. All of us wanted to go home to have a good 38 . Suddenly, we heard something from the lake. We were fresh again and started to 39 the strong and noisy sound to find the truth. What we had been waiting for finally appeared, so we were very 40 . But when we saw it, we 41 at the same time, because it was just a common fish with a big shape. The one who 42 the news just exaggerated (夸大) the fact.
【答案】32.local 33.letters 34.mystery 35.somebody 36.seen 37.attention 38.rest 39.follow 40.excited 41.laughed 42.spread
【导语】本文讲述了一名当地记者为验证“有人在夜间湖中发现一条又大又奇怪的鱼”这一消息,与同伴实地蹲守,最终发现只是普通大鱼的故事。
32.句意:我是一名当地记者。根据“reporter”可知,此处需要一个形容词修饰名词,结合备选词,local“当地的”符合语境,作定语。故填local。
33.句意:最近,我们收到了许多村民的电话和来信。根据“calls and...”可知,此处需要一个名词,与“calls”并列,结合备选词,letters“信件”符合语境,故填letters。
34.句意:其中一个是谜。根据“One of them was a...”可知,此处需要一个名词,结合备选词和后文描述,mystery“谜”符合语境,故填mystery。
35.句意:据说有人在晚上在湖里发现了一条又大又奇怪的鱼。根据“...found a big and strange fish in the lake at night.”可知,此处需要一个代词或名词作主语,结合备选词,somebody“某人”符合语境,为不定代词。故填somebody。
36.句意:这条鱼形状奇怪,以前没人见过。根据“nobody had ever...it before.”可知,此处需要一个动词,结合备选词,see“看见”符合语境,且此处是过去完成时,动词用过去分词形式,故填seen。
37.句意:这条新闻比其他新闻更有价值,所以立刻引起了我们的注意。根据“caught our...”可知,此处需要一个名词,结合备选词,attention“注意力”符合语境,故填attention。
38.句意:我们都想回家好好休息一下。根据“have a good...”可知,此处需要一个名词,结合备选词,rest“休息”符合语境,故填rest。
39.句意:我们又精神起来了,开始跟着那强烈而嘈杂的声音去寻找真相。根据“...the strong and noisy sound to find the truth.”可知,此处需要一个动词,结合备选词,follow“跟随”符合语境,且start to do sth.表示“开始做某事”,故填follow。
40.句意:我们一直在等待的东西终于出现了,所以我们非常兴奋。根据“What we had been waiting for finally appeared”可知,此处需要一个形容词,结合备选词,excited“兴奋的”符合语境,故填excited。
41.句意:但是当我们看到它的时候,我们同时笑了,因为它只是一条形状很大的普通鱼。根据“because it was just a common fish with a big shape.”可知,此处需要一个动词,结合备选词,laugh“笑”符合语境,且根据“saw”可知,此处用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填laughed。
42.句意:传播这条新闻的人只是夸大了事实。根据“The one who...the news just exaggerated (夸大) the fact.”可知,此处需要一个动词,结合备选词,spread“传播”符合语境,且根据“exaggerated”可知,此处用一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填spread。
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