作业(9) UNIT 3 Times change！-【假期作业】2026年高二英语寒假假期作业（外研版）

作业(九)　UNIT 3　Times change! Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □legendary adj.　　 □fixture n. □tablet n. □mist n. □brick n. □exterior n. □stationery n. □saleswoman n. □leadership n. □organic adj. □recital n. □jazz n. □humble adj. □reconstruction n. □journalist n. □era n. □pave v. socialist adj. □alongside prep. □initiative n. □economic adj. □cafeteria n. □emoji n. □integral adj. □component n. category n. □pictograph n. □gesture n. □facial adj. □textspeak n. □facilitate v. □pictorial adj. □comic n. □costume n. Ⅱ.佳作品读 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom惊叹于中国近几年的高速发展，写信询问你生活方式、学习方式等方面的变化。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1.变化情况；2.你的感想。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.开头与结尾已给出，请按如下格式作答。 Dear Tom， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [范文赏读] Dear_Tom， I am writing in response to your burning interest in the changes in my lifestyle and learning style. As you can see(定语从句), the past few years has witnessed rapid development in China, contributing to changes in our lifestyle and learning style(分词作状语).With the development of the Internet and the popularization of computers, shopping on the Internet(动名词作主语)has become a commonplace in our life.What's more, online payment and High­speed railway have made our life easier and more convenient. What calls for special attention(主语从句) are the changes in our learning style.Students now have easy access to online learning resources.Sitting at home(现在分词作状语), we can have classes given by famous teachers in big cities(过去分词作定语). I feel so lucky to live in such an era.As teenagers, we should make full use of the scientific advances in our daily life. Yours， Li_Hua Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The plan of ________(重建) has not taken on the shape yet. 2.Young children will usually ________(竞争) for their mother's attention. 3.A d________ is a period of ten years. 4.We need to buy some new f________. 5.I was very d________ and dirty and went up to my room to wash. 6.Our heartfelt ________(同情) goes out to the victims of the war. 7.We now need a new leader of the party and a new style of l________. 8.The film's about an ________(年老的) woman and a young nurse who befriends her. 9.He had left a huge b________ of flowers in her hotel room. 10.The ________(薄雾) melted rapidly in the morning sun. Ⅱ.短语选填 turn into；for good；grow up；come back to；pop up；take over；comment on；in recent decades；drop in；look up at 1.My daughter wants to be a teacher when she ________________. 2.After the retirement of his father, Tom ________________ the company and became CEO. 3.Scientists in China led a hard life ________________ but they have made great contributions to the development of China. 4.The consequence of people cutting down lots of trees is that land is easy to wash away when it rains and more land will ________ desert. 5.But if you lose strength, your life will be gone ________________. 6.I don't feel I can ____________ their decision. 7.She ____________ to see a great friend of hers. 8.I love to ________________ the stars in the sky at night. 9.I was anxious for the children when they didn't ____________ their home from school on time. 10.As soon as we solved the problem，another immediately，________________. Ⅲ.完成句子/一句多译 1.他惊讶地看见家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 He ________________ the great changes have taken place in his hometown. 2.由于他受到了很差的治疗，医生很难使他复活。 Because of the bad treatment he had received, it was difficult for the doctor to ________ him ________________. 3.这是个非正式的聚会，我们不必为此盛装打扮。其实我们就聚在一起吃吃喝喝，开心地玩乐。 It's quite an informal party so we needn't dress up for it.In fact, we can ________________ to eat, drink and have fun with each other. 4.他英语讲得非常完美，好像在英国居住了很多年似的。 He speaks English perfectly ______________ he had lived in England for many years. 5.一发现错误，他就向负责人报告。 ①________________________，he reported it to the person in charge.(on doing) ②________________________，he reported it to the person in charge.(immediately) ③________________________ he reported it to the person in charge.(hardly...when...) 阅读理解 A When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer­causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco­machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco­machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse­like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco­machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self­repair.” 1.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A.He was fond of traveling. B.He enjoyed being alone. C.He had an inquiring mind. D.He longed to be a doctor. 2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A.To feed the animals. B.To build an ecosystem. C.To protect the plants. D.To test the eco­machine. 3.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A.To review John's research plans. B.To show an application of John's idea. C.To compare John's different jobs. D.To erase doubts about John's invention. 4.What is the basis for John's work? A.Nature can repair itself. B.Organisms need water to survive. C.Life on Earth is diverse. D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. B For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation. Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddlers are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior. This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them. Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What's making him so sad？”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”). Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words— not fists—to express how they feel. It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed. 5.What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior? A.They are interested in acting. B.They are shy with the strangers. C.They are fond of their playmates. D.They are tired of playing games. 6.What does the author suggest parents do for their kids? A.Design games for them. B.Find them suitable playmates. C.Play together with them. D.Help them understand social rules. 7.What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4? A.Giving examples. B.Explaining concepts. C.Providing evidence. D.Making comparisons. 8.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.How Children Adapt to Changes B.How to Be a Role Model for Children C.How Your Baby Learns to Love D.How to Communicate with Your Kid 表达各种“说”与“叫” 语料积累 1.回答道：answer, reply, respond 2.大喊道：shout, scream, yell, cry 3.各种“说”：whisper悄悄说， gossip说闲话， criticize批评， comfort安慰，command命令， apologize道歉， add补充说， continue继续说道， remind提醒， promise许诺， warn警告， admit承认， announce宣布， complain抱怨 4.say in her sharp voice尖叫 5.say in a gentle way温柔地说 6.“Fire! Fire！”The cry crept out on the still night air, and the fire bells began to ring. “着火啦！着火啦！”惊呼声划破了寂静的夜空，火灾报警声随后鸣叫起来。 7.“It is Mr Barton's house, mother.Do let me go！” he said in eager, excited tones. “是巴顿先生的房子着火了，妈妈。让我去帮忙吧！”他用急切而又激动的语气说道。 8.“I should like to go with you very much，”replied Susan, with a sigh.“But I can not finish the task grandmother set me to do.” “我很想跟你们一起去，”苏珊叹了一口气回答道，“可是我还没完成奶奶交给我的任务。” 语段写作 1.完成句子 ①她突然意识到自己迷路了。 She suddenly __________________________________________________________________. ②“汤姆！”她喊道。 “Tom！”____________. ③“救命！”没有人回答。 “Help！” No __________. ④要是她没有把手机放在汤姆的包里就好了。 If only she ______________________________ in that bag with Tom. ⑤简继续往前走。 Jane ______________. ⑥她走得越远，就越迷惑。 The farther she walked，__________________she became. 2.将以上各句衔接成文并背诵，注意使用合适的过渡衔接词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案 作业(九)　UNIT 3　Times change! 【基础达标】 Ⅰ.1.reconstruction　2.compete　3.decade　4.furniture 5.dusty　6.sympathy　7.leadership　8.elderly 9.bunch　10.mist Ⅱ.1.grows up　2.took over　3.in recent decades 4.turn into　5.for good　6.comment on　7.dropped in　8.look up at　9.come back to　10.popped up Ⅲ.1.was surprised to see　2.bring；back to life　3.get together　4.as if/as though　5.①On /Upon finding a fault　②Immediately he found a fault　③Hardly had he found a fault when 【知能演练】 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。John Todd从小就喜欢观察大自然，并被自然的自净能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，John通过实验找到了合适的生态组合，发明出了“生态设计”，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问题。 1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“observing how nature solved problems” 和“When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making”和第二段中的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions”以及第二段中的两个问题可以看出，John是一个喜欢刨根问底、喜欢探索的人，故C项正确。long to do sth “渴望做某事”。 2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥)...placed them in the tanks”可知，John修建水箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质，为此，他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段中的“all that was left was pure water”表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变化。据此可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验他的生态机器的效果，故D项正确。 3.B　推理判断题。上文讲到了John的发明成功了，根据第五段的中心句“Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs”可知，多年来，John做了很多重大的工作。本段提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中的应用，故B项正确。A“为了回顾John的研究计划”；B“为了展示John的理念的实际应用”；C“为了比较John的不同工作”；D“为了消除对John的发明的怀疑”。 4.A　细节理解题。本文主要围绕John的疑问“A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived... if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making”展开，即一条肮脏的溪流在穿过植物和流过微生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈，这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏乱呢？正是在这个疑问的指引下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力，且最后一段中的“Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self­repair”也印证了John的工作依据就在于“自我修复”这一理念，故A项正确。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幼儿时期友谊对儿童社交能力发展的重要性，并探讨了幼儿表达友谊的方式和可能出现的问题。同时，文章还提供了一些建议和方法，帮助家长在幼儿社交互动中发挥积极作用，培养他们的同情心和表达能力，学会发展友谊。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段“In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying ‘I like you’ during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior.(此外，蹒跚学步的孩子表现出他们喜欢其他孩子的方式与成年人认为的友谊表达方式明显不同。哥伦布俄亥俄州立大学的研究发现，一个蹒跚学步的孩子在玩耍时说‘我喜欢你’的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行为)”可知，蹒跚学步的孩子模仿玩伴的行为说明他们喜欢玩伴，故选C。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.(通过游戏体验，幼儿学习社交规则。这就是在你蹒跚学步的孩子的社交活动中，通过设定限制和经常提醒它们是什么，来发挥积极作用是如此重要的原因，当您制定这些指导方法时，请解释其背后的原因。)”可知，作者建议家长在孩子的社交生活中设定限制，并且经常提醒孩子们这些限制，也就是社交规则，帮助孩子理解社交规则，故选D。 7.A　推理判断题。根据第四段“Begin by helping your child learn sympathy ‘Ben is crying. What's making him so sad？’)[(首先帮助孩子学会同情(‘本在哭。是什么让他这么伤心？’)]”以及“then suggest how he could resolve the problem (‘Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.’)[然后建议他如何解决这个问题(‘如果你让他打球，也许他会感觉好些。’)]”可知，这些引用是通过举例说明这两个建议：帮助孩子学会同情并解决问题，故选A。 8.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是家长如何帮助孩子学会爱，学会发展友谊，故选C。 【续写提能】——语段写作 1.①realized that she was lost　②she cried　③reply　 ④had not left her mobile phone　⑤kept moving　 ⑥the more confused 2.She suddenly realized that she was lost.“Tom！”she cried.“Help！” No reply.If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom.Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $