读后续写常用劳动相关动词清单（六大场景分类）-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

读后续写常用劳动类动词学案 第一部分：30个核心劳动类动词（日常家务、整理收纳、修理维护、园艺农活、手工制作、厨房劳作6大类） 日常家务类 1. sweep /swiːp/ v. 扫，打扫 | 过去式：swept 例句1：Every morning, she swept the floor of the small shop before opening for business. 每天早晨，她在开店营业前都会打扫小店铺的地板。 例句2：He swept the fallen leaves into a neat pile under the old oak tree. 他把落叶扫成一堆，整齐地堆在老橡树下。 2. mop /mɑːp/ v. 拖地 | 过去式：mopped 例句1：After the party, she had to mop the sticky soda stains from the kitchen floor. 派对结束后，她不得不拖掉厨房地板上的黏腻汽水渍。 例句2：He mopped his brow with a handkerchief after working in the hot sun. 在烈日下工作后，他用手帕擦了擦额头。 3. dust /dʌst/ v. 掸灰尘 | 过去式：dusted 例句1：She carefully dusted the fragile china figurines on the mantelpiece. 她小心地掸去壁炉架上易碎瓷像上的灰尘。 例句2：Every Saturday morning, he dusted all the furniture in the living room. 每个星期六早上，他都会掸掉客厅里所有家具上的灰尘。 4. wipe /waɪp/ v. 擦拭 | 过去式：wiped 例句1：The mother gently wiped her child's face with a damp cloth. 母亲用湿布轻轻擦拭孩子的脸。 例句2：He wiped the foggy window to see who was standing outside in the rain. 他擦拭起雾的窗户，想看清是谁站在外面的雨中。 5. scrub /skrʌb/ v. 擦洗，刷洗 | 过去式：scrubbed 例句1：She scrubbed the stubborn stain on the counter until it finally disappeared. 她擦洗台面上的顽固污渍，直到它最终消失。 例句2：The surgeon scrubbed his hands thoroughly before the operation. 外科医生在手术前彻底擦洗了双手。 整理收纳类 6. fold /foʊld/ v. 折叠 | 过去式：folded 例句1：She carefully folded the letter and placed it back in its envelope. 她小心地折叠信件，放回信封里。 例句2：He folded his arms across his chest, waiting for an explanation. 他将手臂交叉在胸前，等待一个解释。 7. arrange /əˈreɪndʒ/ v. 整理，安排 | 过去式：arranged 例句1：She arranged the fresh flowers in a crystal vase on the dining table. 她把鲜花整理好，插在餐桌上的水晶花瓶里。 例句2：He carefully arranged his tools on the workbench before starting the repair. 在开始修理前，他小心地把工具整理在工作台上。 8. sort /sɔːrt/ v. 分类，整理 | 过去式：sorted 例句1：They spent the afternoon sorting through old photographs from their childhood. 他们花了整个下午整理童年时期的旧照片。 例句2：The librarian sorted the returned books onto carts by their call numbers. 图书管理员按索书号将归还的书籍整理到手推车上。 9. tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ v. 整理，收拾 | 过去式：tidied 例句1："Tidy your room before your grandparents arrive," her mother reminded her. "在你祖父母到达前整理好你的房间，"她母亲提醒她。 例句2：He quickly tidied his desk before the important meeting. 在重要会议前，他迅速整理了他的桌子。 10. stack /stæk/ v. 堆叠，摞起 | 过去式：stacked 例句1：She stacked the clean plates neatly in the kitchen cabinet. 她把干净的盘子整齐地堆叠在厨房橱柜里。 例句2：Firewood was stacked against the side of the cabin, ready for winter. 木柴堆叠在小屋的一侧，为冬天做好准备。 修理维护类 11. repair /rɪˈper/ v. 修理，修复 | 过去式：repaired 例句1：Her grandfather taught her how to repair a bicycle tire when she was ten. 她十岁时，祖父教她如何修理自行车轮胎。 例句2：It took him three hours to repair the broken fence after the storm. 暴风雨过后，他花了三个小时修理破损的栅栏。 12. fix /fɪks/ v. 修理，固定 | 过去式：fixed 例句1：Can you help me fix this leaking faucet? It's been dripping all night. 你能帮我修理这个漏水的水龙头吗？它整夜都在滴水。 例句2：She fixed her hair in a neat bun before the job interview. 在求职面试前，她把头发固定成整齐的发髻。 13. mend /mend/ v. 修补，缝补 | 过去式：mended 例句1：Her grandmother mended the torn dress with tiny, nearly invisible stitches. 她的祖母用细小、几乎看不见的针脚修补了撕裂的裙子。 例句2：Time will mend a broken heart, but the scars may remain. 时间会修补破碎的心，但伤痕可能依然存在。 14. assemble /əˈsembl/ v. 组装，装配 | 过去式：assembled 例句1：He spent Christmas morning assembling the new bicycle for his daughter. 圣诞节早晨，他为女儿组装新自行车。 例句2：The team assembled all the necessary documents for the presentation. 团队为演示组装了所有必要的文件。 15. install /ɪnˈstɔːl/ v. 安装 | 过去式：installed 例句1：They installed new shelves in the garage to organize their tools. 他们在车库里安装了新架子来整理工具。 例句2：The software was installed on all the office computers over the weekend. 周末期间，软件被安装到所有办公室电脑上。 园艺农活类 16. plant /plænt/ v. 种植，栽种 | 过去式：planted 例句1：Every spring, they planted vegetables in their backyard garden. 每年春天，他们在后院菜园里种植蔬菜。 例句2：She planted a small tree in memory of her beloved dog. 她种了一棵小树，以纪念她心爱的狗。 17. water /ˈwɔːtər/ v. 浇水 | 过去式：watered 例句1：Every evening, he watered the plants on his balcony before sunset. 每天傍晚，他会在日落前给阳台上的植物浇水。 例句2：Her eyes watered from the smoke coming from the kitchen. 她的眼睛因厨房里冒出的烟而流泪。 18. weed /wiːd/ v. 除草 | 过去式：weeded 例句1：She spent the morning weeding the flower beds in the front yard. 她花了一个上午在前院的花坛除草。 例句2：It's important to regularly weed out unnecessary files from your computer. 定期从电脑中清除不必要的文件很重要。 19. dig /dɪɡ/ v. 挖，掘 | 过去式：dug 例句1：The children dug a deep hole in the sand at the beach. 孩子们在海滩的沙子里挖了一个深洞。 例句2：He dug through his pockets, searching for the lost key. 他翻遍口袋，寻找丢失的钥匙。 20. harvest /ˈhɑːrvɪst/ v. 收获，收割 | 过去式：harvested 例句1：In autumn, farmers harvested the ripe wheat from the fields. 秋天，农民们从田里收割成熟的小麦。 例句2：After years of hard work, she finally harvested the rewards of her efforts. 经过多年的努力工作，她终于收获了努力的回报。 手工制作类 21. carve /kɑːrv/ v. 雕刻 | 过去式：carved 例句1：He carefully carved his initials into the old wooden desk. 他小心地把自己的姓名首字母刻在旧木桌上。 例句2：The statue was carved from a single block of marble. 这座雕像是由一整块大理石雕刻而成的。 22. sew /soʊ/ v. 缝纫 | 过去式：sewed 例句1：Her grandmother taught her how to sew when she was just six years old. 她六岁时，祖母就教她如何缝纫。 例句2：She quickly sewed the button back onto her shirt before the interview. 面试前，她迅速把纽扣缝回到衬衫上。 23. paint /peɪnt/ v. 粉刷，绘画 | 过去式：painted 例句1：They painted the old fence white to match the house. 他们把旧栅栏刷成白色，以与房子相配。 例句2：The sunset painted the sky with shades of orange and pink. 日落用橙色和粉色的色调染红了天空。 24. polish /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/ v. 擦亮，抛光 | 过去式：polished 例句1：He polished his shoes until they shone for the important meeting. 他为重要会议擦亮鞋子，直到它们闪闪发光。 例句2：She polished her speech until every word was perfect. 她润色她的演讲，直到每个字都完美无瑕。 25. knit /nɪt/ v. 编织 | 过去式：knit/knitted 例句1：Her grandmother knit a warm sweater for her every winter. 每年冬天，她的祖母都会为她编织一件温暖的毛衣。 例句2：The tragedy knit the small community closer together. 这场悲剧使这个小社区更加紧密地团结在一起。 厨房劳作类 26. chop /tʃɑːp/ v. 切，剁 | 过去式：chopped 例句1：She chopped the vegetables into small pieces for the soup. 她把蔬菜切成小块做汤。 例句2：He chopped wood for the fireplace all afternoon. 他整个下午都在为壁炉劈柴。 27. stir /stɜːr/ v. 搅拌 | 过去式：stirred 例句1：She slowly stirred the soup as it simmered on the stove. 她慢慢地搅拌在炉子上炖煮的汤。 例句2：The sad news stirred feelings of sympathy throughout the community. 这个悲伤的消息在全社区激起了同情心。 28. bake /beɪk/ v. 烘烤 | 过去式：baked 例句1：Every Sunday, she baked fresh bread for the week ahead. 每个星期日，她都会为接下来的一周烤新鲜的面包。 例句2：The sun baked the dry earth until it cracked. 太阳烘烤着干燥的土地，直到它裂开。 29. peel /piːl/ v. 削皮，剥皮 | 过去式：peeled 例句1：He peeled the apple in one long, continuous strip. 他削苹果皮，削成一条长长的连续带子。 例句2：She carefully peeled back the old wallpaper to see what was underneath. 她小心地剥开旧墙纸，看看下面是什么。 30. grate /ɡreɪt/ v. 磨碎 | 过去式：grated 例句1：She grated cheese over the pasta before serving it. 她在端上意大利面之前磨碎奶酪撒在上面。 例句2：The sound of chalk on the blackboard grated on her nerves. 粉笔在黑板上发出的声音让她神经紧张。 常用动词短语： 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 clean up 清理干净 wash down 冲洗 put away 收拾起来 take apart 拆开 put together 组装 gather one’s clothes收拾衣服 make one’s bed 铺床 set up 布置，设立 clear out 清理出去 sweep away 扫走 wipe off 擦掉 polish up 擦亮 第二部分：语篇填词练习 阅读下面短文，从上述30个动词或短语中选择合适的词填入空白处，注意使用正确的形式： It was the first day of spring break, and Emily decided to give her room a thorough cleaning. 彻底打扫她的房间。She started by (1) ________ all the clothes scattered on the floor散落在地板上 and (2) ________ them neatly into her dresser. Next, she (3) ________ the dust from her bookshelves and windowsills.从她的书架和窗台上 The old wooden desk by the window needed attention. Emily remembered how her grandfather had taught her to (4) ________ wood furniture to restore its shine.恢复其光泽 She found the special polish and a soft cloth and began to work. As she (5) ________ the surface, she noticed scratches发现有划痕 and decided to (6) ________ them later with some special wax. In the corner stood a wobbly摇摆的, 颤动的, 不稳定的, 歪斜的 chair that had been broken for months. Determined to (7) ________ it, Emily gathered her tools. She carefully took apart the loose parts 拆下松动的零件and then (8) ________ them back together with new screws新螺钉. When she finished, the chair was as good as new. Her mother called from downstairs, "Can you help me in the kitchen?" Emily went down and found her mother preparing dinner. "Could you (9) ________ these carrots and onions?" her mother asked. Emily took the knife and began to (10) ________ the vegetables into even pieces. After dinner, Emily returned to her room. She (11) ________ the floor and then (12) ________ it clean with a damp mop. Finally, she (13) ________ her bed with fresh sheets and plumped（使）鼓起 the pillows.铺上新床单，把枕头垫得鼓鼓的。 Looking around her now-spotless一尘不染的 room, Emily felt a sense of satisfaction. The hard work had been worth it. She pulled the curtains 拉开窗帘to let in the evening light 让晚光透进来and sat down in her newly repaired chair, ready to enjoy her book. 第三部分：句子翻译练习 将以下中文句子翻译成英文，注意使用本学案中学习的劳动类动词： 1. 她每天早上打扫房间，保持一切整洁。 2. 爷爷教他如何修理漏水的自行车轮胎。 3. 妈妈把鲜花整理好，插在餐桌上的花瓶里。 4. 他们花了整个下午在花园里除草。 5. 她把蔬菜切成小块，准备做汤。 6. 他擦亮鞋子，为重要面试做准备。 7. 祖母每年冬天都会为她编织一件温暖的毛衣。 8. 工人们安装新窗户时非常小心。 9. 春天来了，他们开始在菜园里种植蔬菜。 10. 她小心地剥开橙子皮，递给饥饿的孩子。 11. 暴风雨过后，父亲不得不修理破损的栅栏。 12. 图书馆员按类别整理归还的书籍。 13. 她把干净的盘子整齐地堆叠在橱柜里。 14. 他为壁炉劈柴，为寒冷的夜晚做准备。 15. 她慢慢搅拌锅里的汤，确保不会烧焦。 参考答案 语篇填词练习答案： 1. gathering 2. folding 3. wiped 4. polish 5. wiped 6. mend 7. repair/fix 8. assembled/put 9. peel/chop 10. chop 11. swept 12. mopped 13. made 句子翻译练习答案： 1. She sweeps her room every morning to keep everything tidy. 2. Grandpa taught him how to repair a leaking bicycle tire. 3. Mother arranged the fresh flowers in a vase on the dining table. 4. They spent the whole afternoon weeding in the garden. 5. She chopped the vegetables into small pieces to prepare for making soup. 6. He polished his shoes to prepare for the important interview. 7. Grandmother knits a warm sweater for her every winter. 8. The workers were very careful when installing the new windows. 9. Spring arrived, and they began planting vegetables in the vegetable garden. 10. She carefully peeled the orange and handed it to the hungry child. 11. After the storm, Father had to repair the broken fence. 12. The librarian sorted the returned books by category. 13. She stacked the clean plates neatly in the cabinet. 14. He chopped wood for the fireplace in preparation for the cold night. 15. She stirred the soup in the pot slowly to make sure it wouldn't burn. $