精品解析：北京市中国人民大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末练习英语试题

2025-2026学年度第一学期高二年级期末练习 英语 2026年1月21日 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分;考试时间90分钟;请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用 (共三节，41分) 第一节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Sleepy-eyed, I arrived in Jordan just before midnight: Picking up the rental car, the agent mumbled (咕哝) something about a gas station. Trying to stay ___1___, I really didn’t pay attention. The next morning, I headed the desert castle excitedly. While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard. That was ___2___, but I didn’t think twice about it. I had just got the rental so there would be plenty of fuel. After passing numerous gas stations, I was finally in the open desert. Complete ___3___. And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop. What? In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do. ___4___ seized me. Within 10 minutes, a Jordanian ___5___. He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited. After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas. Who knew that rental cars didn’t come with a full tank of gas there?! The man ___7___ me to get in his car and drove to the nearest gas station to get extra petrol. We then got back to my car to put the gas in. When I pulled out my wallet to pay him, he refused. My thanks, a smile, and one photo together were all he wanted. Before we fully ___8___, he even followed me a bit to ensure that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late. Today, whenever I think of Jordan, this memory ___9___ comes to mind, and my heart swells with gratitude. It is the stranger who saved my trip and reminded me of the importance of ____10____. 1. A. humble B. awake C. silent D. calm 2. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. odd D. foolish 3. A. isolation B. damage C. chaos D. darkness 4. A. Anger B. Curiosity C. Fascination D. Panic 5. A. turned over B. pulled over C. passed over D. took over 6. A. examining B. repairing C. stopping D. moving 7. A. required B. encouraged C. prepared D. signaled 8. A. talked B. parted C. engaged D. understood 9. A. hesitantly B. gradually C. instantly D. randomly 10. A. gratefulness B. cautiousness C. kindness D. positiveness 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The global scientific community felt deep sorrow at the death of Chen Ning Yang, a Nobel laureate and one of the 20th century’s most ____11____ (influence) physicists. Born in Hefei in 1922, Yang studied in the US after ____12____ (complete) his master’s degree at Tsinghua University. With Tsung-Dao Lee, he proposed parity conservation violation in weak interactions, ____13____ won them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics. He also co-created the Yang-Mills theory, a cornerstone of modern physics. In his later years, Yang returned to Tsinghua ____14____ (educate) young scientists. A humble mentor, he built a bridge between Eastern and Western scientific communities, leaving a lasting legacy for global science lovers. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Shenzhen Metro ____15____ (launch) the world’s first AI-powered robotic guide dog for the rail transit industry recently. Named “Xiaosuan” (meaning “Little Garlic”), it is currently undergoing trials at Huangmugang transport hub. It uses advanced AI to plan routes, navigate accurately and avoid obstacles, helping visually ____16____ (impair) passengers reach destinations easily. Users praise Xiaosuan for its reliability and confidence-building effect. The trial aims to improve accessibility for the National Games for Persons with disabilities. Staff are on hand to assist during the trial and the device ____17____ (expect) to enter wider use if the trial succeeds. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Acquiring knowledge starts with raising questions, observing the world around us carefully and testing possible answers repeatedly. This scientific approach, now common and widely accepted, was ____18____ the mainstream views back in the 17th century when Francis Bacon first advocated it. At that time, people ____19____ (prefer) church doctrines over objective facts. Galileo, who proved the Earth was not the centre of the universe, was punished for challenging Aristotle’s long-held ideas. Today, we know our understanding of the world grows ____20____ (constant), and we owe much to pioneers like Bacon and Galileo who bravely broke away from conventional thought. 第三节 (共11小题;每小题1分，共11分) 根据提示，从方框中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 imitate collapse faith facilitate apparent integrity cover 21. The ancient building ________ suddenly in the earthquake, causing great damage to the cultural relics inside. 22. The government has taken strict measures to protect the territorial ________ of the nation against external threats. 23. The media ________ of the international conference helped the public better understand the latest global cooperation plans. 24. Her ________ translation of the classic novel has preserved the original’s emotional depth and literary style. 25. The new campus app is intended to ________ students’ access to course resources and campus services. 根据提示，从方框中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 convince deduce enlighten compete acquire visualize anticipate origin 26. From the footprints at the scene, the detective was able to ________ that the suspect was wearing large-sized shoes. 27. After reading the thought-provoking book, he felt ________ and began to rethink his attitude toward life. 28. She was ________ that her plan would work, so she declined to consider any opposing suggestions. 29. The custom is believed to ________ from a traditional ritual of the local ethnic group hundreds of years ago. 30. In the global market, only the most ________ firms can survive and develop steadily. 31. The ________ of foreign languages requires not only memorization but also consistent daily practice. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共11小题;每小题2分，共22分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. At the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, “How are you feeling?” Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy, also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother’s Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about “being honest and sharing”. 32. What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A. It creates a group of father influencers. B. It repairs broken father-son relationships. C. It promotes fathers’ emotional well-being. D. It highlights fathers’ vital role in childcare. 33. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The severity of parental issues. B. The necessity to identify weaknesses. C. Bridgewater’s devotion to fatherhood. D. Influence of the organization on its member. 34. Which of the following can be used to best describe DSSC? A. celebrity-led and trend-setting B. Profit-oriented and service-providing C. Group-exclusive and profession-focused D. Community-driven and emotionally supportive B Social media influencer marketing has become an increasingly popular strategy for brands to reach consumers. Influencers, with their large followings and the ability to engage audiences, are seen as powerful tools for promoting products and services. However, while influencer marketing shows great potential, its effectiveness metrics (指标), mainly centered around follower count, engagement rate, and reach, have significant limitations. These metrics are good at identifying influencers with a wide audience reach, but they struggle to distinguish between influencers who can drive actual sales and those who only generate surface-level engagement. For example, an influencer might have a high number of followers and a seemingly impressive engagement rate, but their audience may not be the right target for a particular brand’s products. This means that a brand could invest heavily in an influencer campaign based on these metrics, only to see minimal return on investment. This limitation may not be a major concern for brands that focus on increasing brand awareness in a broad sense. But for those aiming to achieve specific business goals, such as driving e-commerce sales or boosting product sign-ups, it can lead to wasted resources and missed opportunities. In their current form, these effectiveness metrics have several drawbacks. First, follower count can be inflated through fake followers or bots, creating a false impression of an influencer’s reach. Engagement rates can also be misleading, as some influencers may use tactics such as “like-for-like” exchanges or buy fake comments to artificially boost numbers. Moreover, the concept of reach doesn’t consider the quality of the audience reached. A large reach among an uninterested or mismatched audience is of little value to a brand. To address these issues and provide brands with a more accurate understanding of an influencer’s true value, several solutions can be considered. One approach is to analyze an influencer’s audience demographics in more detail. Brands should look beyond basic metrics and study factors such as the age, gender, location, interests, and purchasing behavior of an influencer’s followers. By doing so, they can determine whether the influencer’s audience aligns with their target market. Another key measure is to track the actual conversion rates resulting from influencer campaigns. Instead of relying solely on engagement and reach, brands should monitor how many clicks, purchases, or sign-ups an influencer drives. This data provides a more direct indication of an influencer’s ability to generate business results. Additionally, brands can conduct A/B testing, comparing the performance of different influencers or influencer strategies, to identify the most effective approaches. While these effectiveness metrics alone can’t ensure the success of influencer marketing campaigns, implementing these improvements can make the evaluation process more reliable. This, in turn, helps brands make more informed decisions, optimize their marketing budgets, and achieve better results from influencer partnerships. 35. The current effectiveness metrics of influencer marketing can ________. A. help brands accurately measure sales growth. B. assist in identifying influencers with broad reach. C. guarantee a high return on investment for brands. D. single out influencers that attract new users of products. 36. What can be inferred from influencers with a high engagement rate? A. They are capable of driving significant sales. B. The engagement rate may fail to reflect real influence. C. Their audience is interested in the promoted products. D. They have a large number of loyal and active followers. 37. What contributes to a more accurate evaluation of an influencer’s value? A. Focusing on the follower count and reach. B. Relying on the engagement rate as the main criterion. C. Conducting surveys about the influencer’s reputation. D. Analyzing the audience from more specific aspects. 38 What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To compare different influencer marketing strategies. B. To expose the false data in influencer marketing metrics. C. To present the advantages and disadvantages of influencer marketing. D To propose improvements for influencer marketing effectiveness metrics. C Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era. If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars — that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species, ours, holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution, even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term — empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 39. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To justify the governments’ policies. B. To advocate for advancements in tech. C. To criticize scientists’ poor prediction ability. D. To highlight the challenges faced by scientists. 40. According to this passage AI can _____________. A. put an end to climate change B. facilitate mass human migration C. speed up the competition in medical fields D. bring about potential threats from big companies 41. As for the future, which of the following will the author agree with? A. Post-humans will echo the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C. Fully artificial intelligence may inhabit outer space. D. Non-biological brains may invite unknown disasters. 42. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Future of Humanity: Could AI Save Us? B. Towards a Sustainable Future: What Can We Do? C. Change or Die: Will Science Lead Further Evolution? D. Unstoppable Trend: Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___43___ It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___44___Any small interruption-a price check a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____45____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___46___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. ____47____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck. A. Why does this always seem to happen to you? B. So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines? C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. 第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，27分) 第一节 (共4小题;第48、49小题各2分，第50小题3分，第51小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Crowd control could soon become an important skill for climbers on Mount Everest as important as physical strength or watching the weather. In a single day last week, nearly 40 people reached the top of the world — a record. Reports from base camp spoke of queues at dangerous ridges and crowds as people passed each other in the final dash for the 8,848 meters top. More traditional mountaineers have been concerned about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. In 1996, 14 died on the mountain when the members of several groups were trapped at high altitudes by sudden snowstorms. Bad weather in early May led to this year’s jam on the summit ridge, but the loss, luckily, was light. Just four climbers died, including a Nepali Sherpa who had made 11 previous successful climbing. Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. This year’s crop of mountaineers included the oldest man, 64-year-old Sherman Bull from Connecticut, and the youngest, 16-year-old Temba Tsheri Sherpa of Nepal. An American with only one arm was on the mountain this year; an Indian with no legs also tried but failed. Erik Weihennieyer, an American, became the first blind person to reach the top of the world. His fellow climbers stayed in front of him on the way up, describing the type of land and ringing bells. Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. The government charges journeys a minimum of $70,000. That is probably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. But a celebration of the 48th anniversary of the first conquest of Everest, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, was cancelled after violent strikes. Tumultuous (动乱的) Nepali politics, it seems, could be just the crowd-control measure that Everest needs. 48. According to the author, what skills are important for climbers on Mount Everest? _____________________________________________________ 49. What are traditional mountaineers worried about? _____________________________________________________ 50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ●The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. _____________________________________________________ 51. Do you think it is a good idea to limit the number of visitors to a tourist attraction? Why? _____________________________________________________ 第二节 (15分) 52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在学校网站上看到了你校高二年级上个月举办的校园英语戏剧展演活动 (School English Drama Show) 的相关新闻，对此很感兴趣，来信询问相关信息。请用英文写一封回信，内容包括： 1活动简介; 2你的感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第一学期高二年级期末练习 英语 2026年1月21日 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分;考试时间90分钟;请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用 (共三节，41分) 第一节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Sleepy-eyed, I arrived in Jordan just before midnight: Picking up the rental car, the agent mumbled (咕哝) something about a gas station. Trying to stay ___1___, I really didn’t pay attention. The next morning, I headed the desert castle excitedly. While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard. That was ___2___, but I didn’t think twice about it. I had just got the rental so there would be plenty of fuel. After passing numerous gas stations, I was finally in the open desert. Complete ___3___. And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop. What? In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do. ___4___ seized me. Within 10 minutes, a Jordanian ___5___. He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited. After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas. Who knew that rental cars didn’t come with a full tank of gas there?! The man ___7___ me to get in his car and drove to the nearest gas station to get extra petrol. We then got back to my car to put the gas in. When I pulled out my wallet to pay him, he refused. My thanks, a smile, and one photo together were all he wanted. Before we fully ___8___, he even followed me a bit to ensure that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late. Today, whenever I think of Jordan, this memory ___9___ comes to mind, and my heart swells with gratitude. It is the stranger who saved my trip and reminded me of the importance of ____10____. 1. A. humble B. awake C. silent D. calm 2. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. odd D. foolish 3. A. isolation B. damage C. chaos D. darkness 4. A. Anger B. Curiosity C. Fascination D. Panic 5. A. turned over B. pulled over C. passed over D. took over 6. A. examining B. repairing C. stopping D. moving 7. A. required B. encouraged C. prepared D. signaled 8. A. talked B. parted C. engaged D. understood 9. A. hesitantly B. gradually C. instantly D. randomly 10. A. gratefulness B. cautiousness C. kindness D. positiveness 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在约旦租车旅行时遇到的困境。作者没有注意到租车时没有加满油，结果在沙漠中汽车突然熄火。一位陌生人帮助作者去加油，并确保作者安全上路。这个经历让作者深刻体会到陌生人的善意和友善的重要性。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睡眼惺忪地在午夜前抵达约旦：拿起租来的车，代理人咕哝着什么加油站的事。努力保持清醒，我真的没有注意。A. humble谦卑的；B. awake醒着的；C. silent沉默的；D. calm冷静的。根据后文前文“Sleepy-eyed”以及后文的“I really didn’t pay attention.”可知，坐着睡眼惺忪，努力保持清醒，对于加油的事情没有注意。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，但我没有多想。我刚租了车，所以会有很多燃料。A. unlucky不幸运的；B. unsafe不安全的；C. odd奇怪的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据前文“While driving, I noticed that there wasn’t a fuel gauge (指示器) on the dashboard.”可知，本句中的“that”指代的是此处的事实即开车的时候，作者注意到仪表盘上没有燃油表。这个情况很奇怪。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：完全与世隔绝。A. isolation隔离，孤立；B. damage损坏；C. chaos混乱；D. darkness黑暗。根据前文“After passing numerous gas stations, I was. finally in the open desert.”可知，经过无数的加油站后，作者终于来到了开阔的沙漠即作者完全处于沙漠中，与外界隔离开来。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在荒无人烟的地方，我盯着引擎，不知道该怎么办。我感到极度恐慌。A. Anger愤怒；B. Curiosity好奇心；C. Fascination着迷；D. Panic恐慌。根据“And that’s when my car suddenly came to a stop.”以及“In the middle of nowhere, I stared at the engine with no idea what to do.”可知，在荒无人烟的沙漠中，作者的车突然停下来，作者不知所措，故作者感到非常恐慌。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不到10分钟，一名约旦人停了下来。 A. turned over翻转；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. passed over跳过，忽略；D. took over接管。根据后文“After ___6___ my car, he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas.”可知，有一名约旦人不到10分钟靠边停车来帮助作者。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查完我的车后，用手势告诉我，我的车没油了。A. examining检查；B. repairing修理；C. stopping停止；D. moving移动。根据后文“he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas”可知，他在检查之后才能告诉作者车没油了。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人示意我上他的车，然后开到最近的加油站去加油。A. required要求；B. encouraged鼓励；C. prepared准备；D. signaled示意。根据前文“He didn’t speak English and my Arabic was limited.”以及“he told me through hand gestures that I was out of gas.”可知，他不会说英语，作者的阿拉伯语也很有限，因此作者和他的交流都是通过手势，由此该约旦人示意作者上他的车。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们完全分开之前，他甚至跟了我一会儿，以确保我在路上安全，尽管时间还不晚。A. talked谈话；B. parted分离；C. engaged从事；D. understood明白。根据后文“that I was safely on my way even though it was not getting late”可知，该约旦人在和作者分离之前，跟了作者一会儿，以确保作者在路上安全。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，每当我想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中，我的心中充满了感激之情。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. instantly立即地；D. randomly随机地。根据第一段中“I arrived in Jordan just before midnight”可知，作者当时是在约旦旅行，故每当作者想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是这个陌生人拯救了我的旅程，并提醒了我善良的重要性。A. gratefulness感激；B. cautiousness小心；C. kindness善良；D. positiveness积极。根据前文“the stranger who saved my trip”可知，作者在约旦旅游的时候，是一个陌生人帮助了作者，由此提醒了作者善良的重要性。故选C。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The global scientific community felt deep sorrow at the death of Chen Ning Yang, a Nobel laureate and one of the 20th century’s most ____11____ (influence) physicists. Born in Hefei in 1922, Yang studied in the US after ____12____ (complete) his master’s degree at Tsinghua University. With Tsung-Dao Lee, he proposed parity conservation violation in weak interactions, ____13____ won them the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics. He also co-created the Yang-Mills theory, a cornerstone of modern physics. In his later years, Yang returned to Tsinghua ____14____ (educate) young scientists. A humble mentor, he built a bridge between Eastern and Western scientific communities, leaving a lasting legacy for global science lovers. 【答案】11. influential 12. completing 13. which 14. to educate 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔物理学奖得主杨振宁的核心成就、晚年贡献与深远影响，同时提及他的离世让全球科学界深感悲痛。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：诺贝尔物理学奖得主、20世纪最具影响力的物理学家之一杨振宁先生逝世，全球科学界深感悲痛。修饰名词physicists需用形容词influential“有影响力的”，作定语。故填influential。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：杨振宁1922年生于合肥，在清华大学取得硕士学位后赴美国深造。介词after后面接动名词作宾语。故填completing。 【13题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他与李政道共同提出了弱相互作用中宇称不守恒定律，这一研究成果为二人赢得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：晚年，杨振宁回到清华大学，致力于培养青年科学家。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to educate。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Shenzhen Metro ____15____ (launch) the world’s first AI-powered robotic guide dog for the rail transit industry recently. Named “Xiaosuan” (meaning “Little Garlic”), it is currently undergoing trials at Huangmugang transport hub. It uses advanced AI to plan routes, navigate accurately and avoid obstacles, helping visually ____16____ (impair) passengers reach destinations easily. Users praise Xiaosuan for its reliability and confidence-building effect. The trial aims to improve accessibility for the National Games for Persons with disabilities. Staff are on hand to assist during the trial and the device ____17____ (expect) to enter wider use if the trial succeeds. 【答案】15. has launched 16. impaired 17. is expected 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文简要介绍了深圳地铁近期推出的轨道交通行业全球首款人工智能导盲机器犬“小蒜”。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：深圳地铁近期推出了轨道交通行业全球首款人工智能导盲机器犬。空处作谓语，根据时间状语recently可知，使用现在完成时，主语为Shenzhen Metro，助动词用has。故填has launched。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它借助先进的人工智能技术规划路线、精准导航并躲避障碍物，帮助视障乘客轻松抵达目的地。修饰名词passengers需用形容词impaired，作定语。故填impaired。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：试运行期间有工作人员现场提供协助，若试运行取得成功，这款设备有望投入更广泛的使用。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语the device和expect为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为the device，be动词用is。故填is expected。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Acquiring knowledge starts with raising questions, observing the world around us carefully and testing possible answers repeatedly. This scientific approach, now common and widely accepted, was ____18____ the mainstream views back in the 17th century when Francis Bacon first advocated it. At that time, people ____19____ (prefer) church doctrines over objective facts. Galileo, who proved the Earth was not the centre of the universe, was punished for challenging Aristotle’s long-held ideas. Today, we know our understanding of the world grows ____20____ (constant), and we owe much to pioneers like Bacon and Galileo who bravely broke away from conventional thought. 【答案】18. against 19. preferred 20. constantly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文点明求知始于质疑与实证，介绍培根倡导的科学方法曾与主流相悖，赞扬伽利略等先驱突破传统的勇气。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：这种如今常见且被广泛接受的科学方法，在17世纪弗朗西斯·培根首次倡导时，是违背主流观点的。介词against表示“与……相反；违背”。填against。 【19题详解】 考查时态。句意：当时，人们更倾向于教会教义，而非客观事实。根据时间状语at that time可知，此处用一般过去时，prefer的过去式是preferred。填preferred。 【20题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，我们知道人类对世界的认知在不断发展，这在很大程度上要归功于培根、伽利略等勇敢打破传统思维的先驱。此处修饰动词grows，需用副词形式，constant的副词是constantly。填constantly。 第三节 (共11小题;每小题1分，共11分) 根据提示，从方框中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 imitate collapse faith facilitate apparent integrity cover 21. The ancient building ________ suddenly in the earthquake, causing great damage to the cultural relics inside. 22. The government has taken strict measures to protect the territorial ________ of the nation against external threats. 23. The media ________ of the international conference helped the public better understand the latest global cooperation plans. 24. Her ________ translation of the classic novel has preserved the original’s emotional depth and literary style. 25. The new campus app is intended to ________ students’ access to course resources and campus services. 【答案】21. collapsed 22. integrity 23. coverage 24. faithful 25. facilitate 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这座古建筑在地震中突然倒塌，对里面的文物造成了极大的破坏。空格处为句子的谓语动词，collapse意为“倒塌；坍塌”，符合句意；结合语境，地震中倒塌是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时，collapse的过去式为collapsed。故填collapsed。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：政府已采取严格措施维护国家领土完整，抵御外部威胁。空格处前有形容词territorial（领土的）修饰，需填名词，territorial integrity为固定搭配，意为“领土完整”，integrity意为“完整；完好”，符合句意。故填integrity。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：媒体对这次国际会议的报道帮助公众更好地了解了最新的全球合作计划。空格处前有定冠词The和名词media（媒体）修饰，需填名词作句子的主语，cover的名词形式coverage意为“报道；新闻报道”，符合句意。故填coverage。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她对这部经典小说的忠实翻译保留了原著的情感深度和文学风格。空格处后为名词 translation（翻译），需填形容词作定语修饰该名词，faith的形容词形式faithful 意为“忠实的；忠诚的”，faithful translation意为“忠实翻译”，符合句意。故填faithful。 【25题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：这款新的校园应用程序旨在方便学生获取课程资源和校园服务。空格处前有固定搭配be intended to（旨在；打算），to 后接动词原形，facilitate意为“促进；使便利；方便”，符合句意。故填facilitate。 根据提示，从方框中选择合适的单词，并使用这个单词的恰当形式补全句子。 convince deduce enlighten compete acquire visualize anticipate origin 26. From the footprints at the scene, the detective was able to ________ that the suspect was wearing large-sized shoes. 27. After reading the thought-provoking book, he felt ________ and began to rethink his attitude toward life. 28. She was ________ that her plan would work, so she declined to consider any opposing suggestions. 29. The custom is believed to ________ from a traditional ritual of the local ethnic group hundreds of years ago. 30. In the global market, only the most ________ firms can survive and develop steadily. 31. The ________ of foreign languages requires not only memorization but also consistent daily practice. 【答案】26. deduce 27. enlightened 28. convinced 29. originate 30. competitive 31. acquisition 【解析】 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：从现场的脚印来看，侦探能够推断出嫌疑人穿着大码鞋子。根据句意“推断，演绎”可知，此处为动词deduce，be able to后面接动词原形。故填deduce。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：读完这本发人深省的书后，他茅塞顿开，开始重新思考自己的人生态度。根据句意“豁然开朗的，受到启发的”可知，此处为形容词enlightened，作表语。故填enlightened。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她坚信自己的计划会奏效，因此拒绝考虑任何反对的建议。根据句意“坚信的”可知，此处为形容词convinced，作表语。故填convinced。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：人们认为这一习俗起源于数百年前当地少数民族的一项传统仪式。根据句意“起源，发源”可知，此处为动词originate，be believed to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填originate。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在全球市场中，只有最具竞争力的企业才能稳定地生存和发展。根据句意“有竞争力的”可知，此处为形容词competitive，作定语，修饰名词firms。故填competitive。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：外语的习得不仅需要记忆，还需要日复一日的坚持练习。根据句意“习得”可知，此处为名词acquisition，作主语。故填acquisition。 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，32分) 第一节 (共11小题;每小题2分，共22分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Inspired by an event held by the Dallas-based Daddy Stroller Social Club (DSSC), a group for fathers, Brandon Shaw wrote an 83-page typed letter to his father. At the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. As Shaw shared, the group provides a space where men can be open, asking, “How are you feeling?” Shaw, who joined the group when he first became a father, said it has made him more patient and understanding. Bridgewater, who became a certified doula (产妇陪护师) to better support his wife through pregnancy, also ensures DSSC allows partners some time for themselves. At a May event, scheduled just before Mother’s Day, mothers had the day off while fathers spent time bonding with their children. Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about “being honest and sharing”. 32. What can be inferred about DSSC from the first two paragraphs? A. It creates a group of father influencers. B. It repairs broken father-son relationships. C. It promotes fathers’ emotional well-being. D. It highlights fathers’ vital role in childcare. 33. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The severity of parental issues. B. The necessity to identify weaknesses. C. Bridgewater’s devotion to fatherhood. D. Influence of the organization on its member. 34. Which of the following can be used to best describe DSSC? A. celebrity-led and trend-setting B. Profit-oriented and service-providing C. Group-exclusive and profession-focused D. Community-driven and emotionally supportive 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Kalvin Bridgewater创立的达拉斯“爸爸推车社交俱乐部”（DSSC），该俱乐部为父亲们提供了一个交流情感、分享经验的空间，强调情感支持，对成员产生了积极影响。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“At the Blacklit bookstore, Kalvin Bridgewater led 15 dads, including his own father, who was seated next to Shaw, in an emotional event where the men dug into what they hated, loved, misunderstood and appreciated about their fathers as they grew up. (在Blacklit书店，Kalvin Bridgewater带领15位父亲，包括坐在Shaw旁边的自己的父亲，参加了一场情感活动，在活动中，这些男性深入探讨了他们在成长过程中对父亲的恨、爱、误解和感激之情。) ” 以及第二段中“It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. (现在，该俱乐部的活动吸引了150多位父亲，在活动中，父亲们通过共同的经历建立联系，并为彼此提供情感支持。) ”可知，DSSC通过组织活动让父亲们交流情感，为彼此提供情感支持，从而促进父亲们的情感健康。故选C项。 33题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Brandon Shaw described the experience as transformative, saying it helped him connect with his own weaknesses, something he had previously kept hidden. He sent the letter he wrote to his father for Father’s Day. It arrives soon. He said he doesn’t expect a response and just hopes his father reads it. As Bridgewater puts it, fatherhood is just about ‘being honest and sharing’. (Brandon Shaw将这次经历描述为变革性的，他说这帮助他认识到自己的弱点，这些弱点他以前一直隐藏着。他寄出了他为父亲节写给父亲的信。信很快就到了。他说他不期望得到回复，只希望他的父亲能读到这封信。正如Bridgewater所说，父亲的角色就是“诚实和分享”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了DSSC对成员Brandon Shaw产生的积极影响，让他能够正视自己的弱点，并尝试与父亲进行情感交流。故选D项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Founded by Bridgewater in 2021, DSSC initially met with about 30 dads per event but skyrocketed in popularity after two online videos became hits in April 2024. It now attracts over 150 dads at events, where fathers bond over shared experiences and provide emotional backing for one another. (DSSC由Bridgewater于2021年创立，最初每场活动约有30位父亲参加，但在2024年4月两个在线视频走红后，人气飙升。现在，该俱乐部的活动吸引了150多位父亲，在活动中，父亲们通过共同的经历建立联系，并为彼此提供情感支持。) ”以及第三段中“DSSC’s appeal is broad, attracting dads from various professions, including doctors, engineers, and electricians. The group emphasizes emotional support, with members regularly checking in on one another. (DSSC的吸引力很广泛，吸引了来自各行各业的父亲，包括医生、工程师和电工。该团体强调情感支持，成员们定期互相联系。) ”可知，DSSC是一个由社区驱动、强调情感支持的组织。故选D项。 B Social media influencer marketing has become an increasingly popular strategy for brands to reach consumers. Influencers, with their large followings and the ability to engage audiences, are seen as powerful tools for promoting products and services. However, while influencer marketing shows great potential, its effectiveness metrics (指标), mainly centered around follower count, engagement rate, and reach, have significant limitations. These metrics are good at identifying influencers with a wide audience reach, but they struggle to distinguish between influencers who can drive actual sales and those who only generate surface-level engagement. For example, an influencer might have a high number of followers and a seemingly impressive engagement rate, but their audience may not be the right target for a particular brand’s products. This means that a brand could invest heavily in an influencer campaign based on these metrics, only to see minimal return on investment. This limitation may not be a major concern for brands that focus on increasing brand awareness in a broad sense. But for those aiming to achieve specific business goals, such as driving e-commerce sales or boosting product sign-ups, it can lead to wasted resources and missed opportunities. In their current form, these effectiveness metrics have several drawbacks. First, follower count can be inflated through fake followers or bots, creating a false impression of an influencer’s reach. Engagement rates can also be misleading, as some influencers may use tactics such as “like-for-like” exchanges or buy fake comments to artificially boost numbers. Moreover, the concept of reach doesn’t consider the quality of the audience reached. A large reach among an uninterested or mismatched audience is of little value to a brand. To address these issues and provide brands with a more accurate understanding of an influencer’s true value several solutions can be considered. One approach is to analyze an influencer’s audience demographics in more detail. Brands should look beyond basic metrics and study factors such as the age, gender, location, interests, and purchasing behavior of an influencer’s followers. By doing so, they can determine whether the influencer’s audience aligns with their target market. Another key measure is to track the actual conversion rates resulting from influencer campaigns. Instead of relying solely on engagement and reach, brands should monitor how many clicks, purchases, or sign-ups an influencer drives. This data provides a more direct indication of an influencer’s ability to generate business results. Additionally, brands can conduct A/B testing, comparing the performance of different influencers or influencer strategies, to identify the most effective approaches. While these effectiveness metrics alone can’t ensure the success of influencer marketing campaigns, implementing these improvements can make the evaluation process more reliable. This, in turn, helps brands make more informed decisions, optimize their marketing budgets, and achieve better results from influencer partnerships. 35. The current effectiveness metrics of influencer marketing can ________. A. help brands accurately measure sales growth. B. assist in identifying influencers with broad reach. C. guarantee a high return on investment for brands. D. single out influencers that attract new users of products. 36. What can be inferred from influencers with a high engagement rate? A. They are capable of driving significant sales. B. The engagement rate may fail to reflect real influence. C. Their audience is interested in the promoted products. D. They have a large number of loyal and active followers. 37. What contributes to a more accurate evaluation of an influencer’s value? A. Focusing on the follower count and reach. B. Relying on the engagement rate as the main criterion. C. Conducting surveys about the influencer’s reputation. D. Analyzing the audience from more specific aspects. 38. What is the main purpose of this passage? A To compare different influencer marketing strategies. B. To expose the false data in influencer marketing metrics. C. To present the advantages and disadvantages of influencer marketing. D. To propose improvements for influencer marketing effectiveness metrics. 【答案】35. B 36. B 37. D 38. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了社交媒体网红营销的有效性指标存在的局限性，并提出了改进建议。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, while influencer marketing shows great potential, its effectiveness metrics (指标), mainly centered around follower count, engagement rate, and reach, have significant limitations.(然而，尽管网红营销显示出巨大的潜力，但其有效性指标，主要集中在粉丝数量、参与率和覆盖范围上，存在显著局限性。)”和第二段“These metrics are good at identifying influencers with a wide audience reach.(这些指标在识别具有广泛受众影响力的网红方面很有效。)”可知，网红营销目前的有效性指标可以帮助识别具有广泛影响力的网红，但是也存在局限性。故选B。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For example, an influencer might have a high number of followers and a seemingly impressive engagement rate, but their audience may not be the right target for a particular brand’s products.(例如，一个网红可能有大量的粉丝和看似令人印象深刻的参与率，但他们的受众可能不是某个品牌产品的正确目标受众。)”可知，高参与率可能无法反映真正的影响力，因为受众可能不是品牌产品的目标受众。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“One approach is to analyze an influencer’s audience demographics in more detail. Brands should look beyond basic metrics and study factors such as the age, gender, location, interests, and purchasing behavior of an influencer’s followers. By doing so, they can determine whether the influencer’s audience aligns with their target market.(一种方法是更详细地分析网红的受众人口统计数据。品牌应该超越基本指标，研究网红的粉丝的年龄、性别、地理位置、兴趣和购买行为等因素。通过这样做，他们可以确定网红的受众是否与他们的目标市场一致。)”可知，从更具体的方面分析受众有助于更准确地评估网红的影响力。故选D。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。本文先介绍网红营销成为品牌触达消费者热门策略，指出其当前效果指标（粉丝数、互动率、触达量）存在明显局限性，接着分析这些指标的具体弊端，最后提出优化指标、更精准评估网红价值的解决方案，核心目的是为网红营销效果指标的改进给出建议。由此可知，这篇文章的主要目的是提出改进网红营销有效性指标的建议。故选D。 C Scientists are poor forecasters of the future. But two trends can be confidently predicted. First, the world will get more crowded. There will be more than 9 billion people by 2050. Second, the world will get warmer and some governments won’t prioritize the long-term measures needed to deal with climate change, even though science offers us a road-map to a low-carbon future. That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population. But we should also be cautious, as new technologies, such as AI, may be hard to control. AI will undoubtedly become more aggressive in the future. Records of our movements, health and financial transactions will be stored in the cloud. The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations. Actually, it’s beyond Earth that AI has the most enormous potential. Humans may have established bases beyond Earth by the year 2100. But don’t ever expect mass emigration from Earth. It’s a false belief that space offers an escape from our problems. Dealing with climate change on Earth is a piece of cake compared to terraforming (地球化) Mars. Nevertheless, we should cheer on these brave human space adventurers. They’ll be ill-adapted to a Martian habitat, so they’ll have a super motive to redesign themselves. It’s they, not those of us adapted to life on Earth, who will pioneer the post-human era. If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars — that non biological “brains” may develop powers that we can’t imagine. They may end up being mentally different from us. AI could jump-start a huge emigration and thus even more complex intelligence spreads through the universe. But let’s refocus from the science fiction of the far future closer to the here and now. This century is special. It’s the first, in Earth’s 4.5-billion-year history where one species, ours, holds the planet’s future in its hands. Our intelligence could initiate billions of years of post-human evolution, even more amazing than that which led to us. On the other hand, humans could cause biological, environmental or cyber catastrophes that foreclose all this potential. If science is to save us, we need to think globally, sensibly and long-term — empowered by science, but guided by values that science alone can’t provide. 39. Why does the author mention the two trends in the first paragraph? A. To justify the governments’ policies. B. To advocate for advancements in tech. C. To criticize scientists’ poor prediction ability. D. To highlight the challenges faced by scientists. 40. According to this passage AI can _____________. A. put an end to climate change B. facilitate mass human migration C. speed up the competition in medical fields D. bring about potential threats from big companies 41. As for the future, which of the following will the author agree with? A. Post-humans will echo the history of humans. B. Complex intelligence will dominate the universe. C. Fully artificial intelligence may inhabit outer space. D. Non-biological brains may invite unknown disasters. 42. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Future of Humanity: Could AI Save Us? B. Towards a Sustainable Future: What Can We Do? C. Change or Die: Will Science Lead Further Evolution? D. Unstoppable Trend: Is Complex Intelligence Coming? 【答案】39. B 40. D 41. C 42. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了未来世界面临的趋势、人工智能的发展及其影响，以及人类在未来的走向和责任。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“That’s why we should be promoters of new technology — without it the world can’t provide the food and sustainable energy needed for an expanding population.(这就是为什么我们应该成为新技术的推动者——没有新技术，世界就无法为不断增长的人口提供所需的食物和可持续能源)”可推知，作者提到这两个趋势是为了强调新技术的重要性，从而提倡技术进步。故选B。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The data may be used for justifiable reasons, such as protein folding and drug development, or to warn us of initial health risks, but its availability to Internet companies is already shifting the balance of power from governments to global-scale corporations.(这些数据可能出于合理的理由被使用，比如蛋白质折叠和药物开发，或者警告我们最初的健康风险，但互联网公司对这些数据的可获得性已经将权力平衡从政府转移到了全球规模的公司)”可知，人工智能可能会带来大公司的潜在威胁。故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“If post-humans make the shift from flesh and blood to fully artificial intelligence, they won’t need an atmosphere of even gravity, so it’s in deep space — not even on Mars — that non biological ‘brains’ may develop powers that we can’t imagine.(如果后人类从血肉之躯转变为完全的人工智能，他们将不再需要大气层甚至重力，所以非生物的‘大脑’可能会在深空——甚至不是在火星上——发展出我们无法想象的能力)”可推知，作者认为完全人工智能可能居住在外太空。故选C。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了未来世界面临的挑战，包括人口增长、气候变化以及人工智能的发展，并探讨了人工智能可能带来的影响以及人类在未来的走向。文章最后提出，如果科学要拯救我们，我们需要从全球、明智和长期的角度思考，这需要科学的支持，但也需要科学无法提供的价值观的引导。由此可知，选项A“人类的未来：人工智能能拯救我们吗？”作为标题最合适。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___43___ It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___44___Any small interruption-a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____45____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line-and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___46___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. ____47____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck. A. Why does this always seem to happen to you? B. So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines? C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. 【答案】43. A 44. G 45. D 46. F 47. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。 【43题详解】 根据下文“It turns out, it’s just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. (原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快)”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，A选项“Why does this always seem to happen to you?( 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?)”符合文意，故选A项。 【44题详解】 根据上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.(杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账)”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.(任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线)”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，G项“But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.(但有时，比如在周日下午，系统会变得特别繁忙)”，与此呼应。故选G项。 【45题详解】 根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. (如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生)”联系下文“So it’s not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.(所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快)”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。D项“The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.(你的线路是最快的几率只有三分之一)”与此对应。故选D项。 【46题详解】 根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won’t unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.(这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结账速度)”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F项“With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.(由于有三个寄存器，这种方法比传统方法要快得多)”与此对应。故选F项。 【47题详解】 结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can’t afford the space or manpower.(要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力)”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B项“So why don’t most places encourage serpentine lines?(那么，为什么大多数地方不鼓励使用蛇形线条呢？)”解释了该原因。故选B项。 第三部分：书面表达 (共两节，27分) 第一节 (共4小题;第48、49小题各2分，第50小题3分，第51小题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Crowd control could soon become an important skill for climbers on Mount Everest, as important as physical strength or watching the weather. In a single day last week, nearly 40 people reached the top of the world — a record. Reports from base camp spoke of queues at dangerous ridges and crowds as people passed each other in the final dash for the 8,848 meters top. More traditional mountaineers have been concerned about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. In 1996, 14 died on the mountain when the members of several groups were trapped at high altitudes by sudden snowstorms. Bad weather in early May led to this year’s jam on the summit ridge, but the loss, luckily, was light. Just four climbers died, including a Nepali Sherpa who had made 11 previous successful climbing. Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. This year’s crop of mountaineers included the oldest man, 64-year-old Sherman Bull from Connecticut, and the youngest, 16-year-old Temba Tsheri Sherpa of Nepal. An American with only one arm was on the mountain this year; an Indian with no legs also tried but failed. Erik Weihennieyer, an American, became the first blind person to reach the top of the world. His fellow climbers stayed in front of him on the way up, describing the type of land and ringing bells. Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. The government charges journeys a minimum of $70,000. That is probably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. But a celebration of the 48th anniversary of the first conquest of Everest, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, was cancelled after violent strikes. Tumultuous (动乱的) Nepali politics, it seems, could be just the crowd-control measure that Everest needs. 48. According to the author, what skills are important for climbers on Mount Everest? _____________________________________________________ 49. What are traditional mountaineers worried about? _____________________________________________________ 50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ●The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. _____________________________________________________ 51. Do you think it is a good idea to limit the number of visitors to a tourist attraction? Why? _____________________________________________________ 【答案】48. Crowd controls, physical strength and watching the weather. 49. They are worried about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. 或They are worried that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. They are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. 50. The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. According to the passage, the Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because it views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. 51. Yes, I do. Long queues, limited access, and crowded viewpoints can diminish the enjoyment and create frustration. By controlling the number of visitors, authorities can ensure a more pleasant experience for everyone. Besides, this method can reduce the negative impact on the environment and promote sustainable tourism, allowing for better conservation and management of the site. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了近年来珠穆朗玛峰的登山者越来越多，导致攀登变得更加危险，而且很多登山者关注创造纪录和个人成就，而不是简单的登山，这使得控制人群成了登山者的重要技能。但是尼泊尔政府将珠峰之旅视作经济收益，不太关心过度拥挤的问题。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Crowd control could soon become an important skill for climbers on Mount Everest, as important as physical strength or watching the weather. (人群控制可能很快就会成为珠穆朗玛峰登山者的一项重要技能，就像体力和观察天气一样重要)”可知，在作者看来，攀登珠穆朗玛峰重要的技能是人群控制、体力和观察天气。故答案为：Crowd controls, physical strength and watching the weather. 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“More traditional mountaineers have been concerned about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. (近年来，更传统的登山者一直担心珠穆朗玛峰周围乱哄哄的人群气氛，有人警告说，人群正在使这座山变得更加危险)”和第三段中“Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. (传统派还担心，越来越多的登山者倾向于创造记录和实现“第一”，而不是简单地登山)”可知，传统的登山者担心两个问题，一是近年来珠穆朗玛峰周围乱哄哄的人群气氛，或者说人群会让这座山变得更加危险，二是登山者越来越倾向于创造记录和实现“第一”，而不是简单地攀登这座山。故答案为：They are worried about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain.或They are worried that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. They are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. The government charges journeys a minimum of $70,000. That is probably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. (尼泊尔视珠穆朗玛峰为摇钱树。政府对旅行收费最低为7万美元。这可能就是为什么加德满都的官员无视对过度拥挤的担忧，谈论明年会有更多的登山者到来)”可知，尼泊尔政府不太关心过度拥挤的问题的原因不是国内政局动荡，而是它将珠穆朗玛峰视为一棵摇钱树。故答案为：The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. According to the passage, the Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because it views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. 【51题详解】 开放性试题。本题的答案不唯一，结合实际情况言之有理即可。例如，可以认为限制旅游景点的游客人数是个好主意，因为排长队、通道有限和观景点拥挤会减少乐趣并产生失落感。通过控制游客数量，有关当局可以确保每个人都有更愉快的体验。此外，这种方法可以减少对环境的负面影响，促进旅游业的可持续发展，从而更好地保护和管理景点。故答案为：Yes, I do. Long queues, limited access, and crowded viewpoints can diminish the enjoyment and create frustration. By controlling the number of visitors, authorities can ensure a more pleasant experience for everyone. Besides, this method can reduce the negative impact on the environment and promote sustainable tourism, allowing for better conservation and management of the site. 第二节 (15分) 52. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在学校网站上看到了你校高二年级上个月举办的校园英语戏剧展演活动 (School English Drama Show) 的相关新闻，对此很感兴趣，来信询问相关信息。请用英文写一封回信，内容包括： 1活动简介; 2你的感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I'm delighted to know you're interested in our School English Drama Show held last month. This event aimed to boost students' English proficiency and cultivate their love for drama. Students from different classes formed groups and chose various classic plays like Romeo and Juliet. They spent weeks rehearsing, and finally presented wonderful performances on stage. I was deeply impressed by this event. It not only allowed us to immerse in the charm of English, but also enhanced our teamwork and communication skills. The students' enthusiasm and creativity really made the show a great success. What do you think of our activity? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。英国好友Jim在学校网站上看到了你校高二年级上个月举办的校园英语戏剧展演活动 (School English Drama Show) 的相关新闻，对此很感兴趣，来信询问相关信息。请考生用英文写一封回信 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高；促进：boost → improve 举办：hold → throw 热情：enthusiasm → passion 沉浸于：immerse in → be absorbed in 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：I'm delighted to know you're interested in our School English Drama Show held last month. 拓展句：Knowing you're interested in our School English Drama Show held last month, I'm delighted. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】 It not only allowed us to immerse in the charm of English, but also enhanced our teamwork and communication skills.（运用了 “not only...but also...” 结构） 【高分句型 2】I'm delighted to know you're interested in our School English Drama Show held last month.（运用了过去分词作后置定语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $