Unit 2 课时3 Grammar（课件）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级下册

沪教版（五四）2024 英语 八年级 第二学期 Grammar in use Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 1. 能够掌握以what和How开头的感叹句的基本结构，并在接近真实的语境里造句。（学习理解） 2. 能够恰当地运用感叹句的语法知识完成练习，并对不同的科技发明合理的编撰对话。（应用实践） 3. 能够理解感叹句的语用功能，对事、物或人表达合理的感叹心情。（迁移创新） Objectives 教学目标： 通过本节课的学习，学生 Exclamations! Read and think Read two groups of sentences. Which group shows stronger feelings? Read aloud the sentences that show stronger feelings again and complete the rules. What How Work out the rules We usually use an exclamatory sentence with What or How to express a surprise or shock or a strong emotion about something. It usually ends with an exclamation mark. 我们通常用 What 或 How 引导的感叹句来表达对某事的惊讶、震惊或强烈的情感。句尾通常用感叹号。 Some other rules Some other rules Exclamations with What What 引导的感叹句 Pattern 句式 Example What + a/an (+ adj.) + singular countable noun (+ subject + v.)! What a surprise (it is)! What a clever idea (the girl thought of)! What an important invention (the wheel is)! What + adj. + uncountable/plural countable noun (+ subject + v.)! What nice music (it is)! What inspiring words (he said)! Some other rules Exclamations with How How 引导的感叹句 Pattern 句式 Example How + adj./adv. (+ subject + v.)! How lucky! How brilliant the invention is! How carefully he designed the machine! Some other rules Notes: 1. We can use an interjection in front of an exclamatory sentence to reinforce the effect. 我们可以在感叹句前使用感叹词来增强效果。 e. g. Hooray! What exciting news! Wow! How amazing! Some other rules Notes: 2. Don’t overuse exclamations. We use exclamations more in speaking than in writing. 不要过度使用感叹句。感叹句多用于口语。 3. Don’t use more than one exclamation mark. 感叹号使用一次即可。 Some other rules 总结：What引导的感叹句 What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！ What an interesting book it is! 这里“interesting”是形容词，“book”是可数名词单数，“it”是主语，“is”是谓语。 Some other rules 总结：What引导的感叹句 What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 主语 + 谓语！ What beautiful flowers they are! “beautiful”为形容词，“flowers”是可数名词复数，“they”是主语，“are”是谓语。 Some other rules 总结：What引导的感叹句 What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！ What good news it is! “good”是形容词，“news”是不可数名词，“it”是主语，“is”是谓语。 Some other rules 总结：How 引导的感叹句 How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How tall he is! “tall”是形容词，“he”是主语，“is”是谓语；How fast he runs!“fast”是副词，“he”是主语，“runs”是谓语。 How + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！ 此结构与“What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语！”类似，但强调的重点不同，How clever a boy he is! In pairs, complete the conversations with words and phrases in the box, using What …! or How …! Practise lucky a good idea exciting news smart an amazing invention (1) A: The ten-year-old boy has invented five toys. B: _________________________________________________________ (2) A: The fridge can keep food fresh for a longer time. B: _________________________________________________________ (3) A: Scientists have found a way to stop the disease from spreading. B: _________________________________________________________ How smart the boy is! What a smart boy he is! How amazing the invention is! What an amazing invention the fridge is! How exciting the news is! What exciting news it is! In pairs, complete the conversations with words and phrases in the box, using What …! or How …! Practise lucky a good idea exciting news smart an amazing invention (4) A: Thanks to so many wonderful inventions, we can live a comfortable life. B: _________________________________________________________ (5) A: Why not go to the Technology Fair this weekend? B: _________________________________________________________ How lucky we are! What lucky people we are! How good the idea is! What a good idea it is! Work in pairs. Look at the product files of two inventions and talk about them. Pair and share Work in pairs. Look at the product files of two inventions and talk about them. Pair and share (1) Use proper words to describe the features of the drone and the robot. The drone expensive, powerful, _______________________ The robot a smart machine, __________________________ useful entertaining Work in pairs. Look at the product files of two inventions and talk about them. Pair and share (2) Talk about the inventions with your partner(s). Look at this drone. It costs 59,800 yuan. How expensive it is! How heavy is it? It weighs 3.2 kg, but it can carry goods as heavy as 5 kg and fly for 40 minutes. What a high price for the Drone H70! Fifty-nine thousand eight hundred yuan. But how far it can fly! Ten kilometers. And what a long battery life—forty minutes! Work in pairs. Look at the product files of two inventions and talk about them. Pair and share (2) Talk about the inventions with your partner(s). True! How about this Robot 87? Only nineteen thousand five hundred yuan. It’s cheaper. Yes. What fun features! Greeting guests, singing, dancing... How entertaining! Look at the size of the Drone H70, what massive dimensions—750×750×450 mm! Yet it’s surprisingly light! Only 3.2 kg! How convenient! Work in pairs. Look at the product files of two inventions and talk about them. Pair and share (2) Talk about the inventions with your partner(s). Now check the Robot 87. What a tall machine—one whole meter! And heavy too, 21 kg! But how smart! It answers questions and dances! What a creative design! 1. --- _______ beautiful skirt it is! --- Yes, I bought it yesterday. A. What a B. How a C. What D. How 2. --- _______ the flowers are! --- They smell good. A. How beautiful B. What beautiful C. How a beautiful D. What a beautiful 解析：skirt”是可数名词单数，“beautiful”是形容词，用“What a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”结构，“beautiful”以辅音音素开头，用“a”。 解析：“flowers”是名词复数，“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”，这里“beautiful”是形容词，直接修饰“flowers”，用“How beautiful the flowers are!”。 Other exercises 3. ______ carefully she does her homework! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 4. ______ big eyes the baby has! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：“carefully”为副词，修饰动词“does”，感叹句结构为“How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。 解析：“eyes”为复数名词，感叹句结构为“What + 形容词 + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。 Other exercises 5. ______ wonderful movie we saw last night! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 6. ______ lovely the weather is today! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：“movie”为单数可数名词，感叹句结构为“What a + 形容词 + 单数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。 解析：“lovely”为形容词，感叹句结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。 Other exercises 7. To master a foreign language so thoroughly in just six months, ______ astonishing progress he has evidently made! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 解析：核心名词是“progress”，为不可数名词。尽管前面有形容词“astonishing”，感叹结构是“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词”，故用“What”。 Other exercises 8. ______ from a state of complete despair to one of radiant hope the therapy has helped our patient travel! A. What a long journey B. How long a journey C. What long journey D. How long journey 解析： 句子主干是“the therapy has helped our patient travel a long journey”。这里感叹的是“旅程之长”，重点在形容词“long”。使用“How long a journey”符合“How + adj. + a/an + n.”的结构，且句子采用了倒装（将from...短语提前），增加了难度。 Other exercises 9. Upon discovering the ancient manuscript perfectly preserved in the cave, ______ it was for the entire archaeological community! A. what a significant find B. how significant a find C. what significant find D. how significant find 解析： 句子主干是“it was a significant find”。这里强调“发现的重要性程度”，应用“How”来修饰形容词“significant”。“How significant a find”是“How + adj. + a/an + n.”的标准结构。A项语法正确，但侧重指“一个多么重要的发现”，而原句更强调“多么重要”。 Other exercises 10. ___________ exciting football match it was! 11. __________ happy the children look! 12. ____________ sad story she told us! What an How 解析：football match”为单数可数名词，且“exciting”以元音音素开头，用“What an”。 解析：“happy”为形容词，感叹句结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”。 What a 解析：“story”为单数可数名词，用“What a”。 Other exercises 13. _________ delicious food they served! 14. ___________ honest boy Tom is! 15. _________ foolishly he acted by investing all his money without conducting any market research! What What an 解析：“food”为不可数名词，用“What”。 解析：“boy”为单数可数名词，且“honest”以元音音素开头（h不发音），用“What an”。 How 解析：“foolishly”是副词，修饰动词“acted”，感叹其方式，用How。 Other exercises 16. _________ little attention they paid to the warnings, which ultimately led to the accident! 17. _________ profound impact a single act of kindness can have on a person struggling with loneliness! How 解析：“little”表示“少得可怜”，是形容词，修饰不可数名词“attention”。“How little attention they paid”感叹“注意力之少”。注与“What little attention”区别，后者通常引导定语从句What little attention they paid was ineffective，而这里是主句。 What a 解析： 核心名词是单数可数名词“impact”，句子主干是“a single act of kindness can have a profound impact”。感叹结构是“What a + 形容词 + 单数名词”。 Other exercises 18. 多么漂亮的一幅画啊！ ________________________________________________ 19. 他跑得多快啊！ ________________________________________________ 20. 多么好的消息啊！ ________________________________________________ What a beautiful painting (it is)! / How beautiful the painting is! How fast he runs! Other exercises What good news (it is)! / How good the news is! 1. 基础作业：完成感叹句的练习卷。 2. 进阶作业：绘制“感叹句”的语法规则+例句的思维导图，美化后与同学们分享。 Homework $