精品解析：吉林省长春市2025-2026学年四校联考高二上学期期末考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年上学期期末考试 高二年级英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共16页。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分，共90分) 第一部分 听力(1～20小题，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the speakers most likely do after lunch? A. Visit a store. B. Attend a workshop. C. Write a paper. 2. What did the man’s sister major in? A. Fashion design. B. Medicine. C. Engineering. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Gifts for a friend. B. A literature event. C. A going-away party. 4 Where are the speakers probably? A. At a café. B. At a university. C. At an animal shelter. 5. How can the man’s recipe be described? A. It’s a reward. B. It’s a success. C. It’s a problem. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At Tom’s house. B. In a meeting room. C. At a train station. 7. How does the woman probably feel in the end? A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Angry. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man’s problem? A. He has a temperature. B. He is struggling to save energy. C. He is too cold to do his work. 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In the woman’s house. C. In a school. 10. What does the woman suggest? A. Stopping working right now. B. Taking better care of their health. C. Discussing the issue with the leader. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How do the speakers feel now? A. Bored. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 12. What does the woman intend to buy? A. Model cars. B. Some plants. C. Doll’s houses. 13. What will the man probably do first? A. Go to the bathroom. B. Get something to eat. C. Buy the tickets. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 15. What month is it now? A. September. B. October. C. November. 16 What sport was the man involved in? A. Football. B. Swimming. C. Basketball. 17. What does the man probably want to be in the future? A. A doctor. B. An athlete. C. An artist. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the main focus of the program? A. Management skills. B. Artistic appreciation. C. Scientific exploration. 19. What will students need to do at the start of the program? A. Sit an exam. B. Give a report. C. Design an experiment. 20. What is special about the program? A. It stresses theoretical study. B. It organizes activities outside school. C. It specializes in computer-assisted research. 第二部分 阅读(共四节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Language Exchange Programme enables students to team up in pairs and practice two distinct languages every week — one they can teach and one they aim to learn. After each meeting, participants are required to write short journals, noting the language skills they have practiced and the topics they have discussed. Over the course of a term, each pair will meet with a supervising teacher three times; the teacher will assess whether the language exchange is running effectively. Students who finish the programme successfully will be awarded one academic credit. Requirements for Completion • Attend one mandatory welcoming session on the second Friday of the term • Take part in 18 weekly one-hour pair meetings • Submit a weekly progress report for each pair meeting • Attend a minimum of three meetings with the supervising teacher as a pair • Create a five-minute final video presentation about the exchange experience Sign-up & Registration Process • Students sign up online and specify the languages they can teach and the languages they want to learn. • The programme organizers identify potential matches based on the information provided by each student. • Students’ language proficiency levels are verified through either their previous coursework or a placement test. • Once a suitable pair is confirmed, each student will be contacted personally and given a unique permission code to complete the registration. Important Reminders Signing up does not guarantee registration or participation. Pairing is strictly based on shared language interests and matching proficiency levels. Due to various factors involved in the matching process, not every student who signs up will be paired with a partner and thus eligible for registration. 1. What do students need to do after each pair meeting in the programme? A. Assess the effectiveness of the exchange. B. Write a short record of their practice and topics. C. Meet with the supervising teacher immediately. D. Prepare a progress report for the whole term. 2. Which of the following is a requirement for completing the programme? A. Taking a language placement test. B. Attending 18 weekly one-hour pair meetings. C. Creating a ten-minute final video presentation. D. Organizing a welcoming session for new students. 3. What is a necessary step for students during the sign-up process? A. Submitting previous coursework certificates. B. Choosing a suitable partner by themselves. C. Stating the languages they can teach and learn. D. Obtaining a unique permission code from teachers. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“After each meeting, participants are required to write short journals, noting the language skills they have practiced and the topics they have discussed.(每次会议结束后，参与者都需要撰写简短的日记，记录他们所练习的语言技能以及讨论的主题)”可知，每次会面后学生需要记录练习的技能和讨论的话题，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements部分“Take part in 18 weekly one-hour pair meetings(参加每周一次、每次一小时的结对会面共18次)”可知，18次每周一小时的结对会面是完成项目的要求之一，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sign-up & Registration Process部分“• Students sign up online and specify the languages they can teach and the languages they want to learn.(• 学生们可以在网上进行注册，并明确说明他们能够教授的语言以及他们想要学习的语言)”可知，报名时学生需要说明自己能教授和想要学习的语言，故选C。 B Being a writer in the 21st century can keep you in front of a screen for so long that it feels like the room is sideways. Being a human with the Internet can mean hours spent on social media, scrolling and posting for so long that your sense of reality actually becomes sideways. Three years ago, I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety. I had a brilliant idea, one that felt completely foreign to people like me: I’d go outside, to the real outside. I grew up in the city, not hiking or camping, so I knew nothing about the outdoors. I have three kids with endless energy, so I figured I could solve two questions at once. I would get a breather from my job and the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than nature. We drove to Great Falls, Virginia, where hundreds of people on any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest. The blue water pulsed, turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of feet beneath us. The kids held their breath as if they had seen magics. But it’s just nature, just the outside, and that had been there all along. Since then, we’ve been fascinated. Last summer I felt my home’s walls closing in, so I decided to go camping. I built my first fire. My kids watched my every move, asking every ten minutes to help get more branches and roast meat. About a month, my craving to take a break from the city grew again. We camped two more times before the cold came, each time seeing a bit more of what nature had to offer city folks. 4. Why did the author decide to go outside three years ago? A. Because he was interested in nature. B. Because he hoped to reduce anxiety. C. Because he fell in love with camping. D. Because he was eager for the outdoors. 5. What does the author want his kids to do? A. Enjoy the beauty of nature. B. Stay away from social media. C. Learn to protect themselves. D. Choose to do what they are fond of. 6. How did the kids feel about the tour to Great Falls? A. Tired. B. Scared. C. Bored. D. Excited. 7. What does the underlined word “craving” in the last paragraph mean? A. Memory. B. Chance. C. Desire. D. Ability. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者三年前为了减少焦虑，选择走向户外。从此爱上了亲近大自然，还培养孩子一切享受自然之美。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Three years ago, I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety. I had a brilliant idea, one that felt completely foreign to people like me: I’d go outside, to the real outside.(三年前，我开始寻找解决焦虑的方法。我有一个绝妙的主意，一个对我这样的人来说完全陌生的主意：我要到外面去，到真正的外面去)”可知，作者在三年前决定走出去是因为他希望减少焦虑。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I would get a breather from my job and the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than nature.(我可以从工作中喘口气，孩子们可以和昆虫一起玩耍，意识到没有什么比大自然更好的了)”可知，作者希望他的孩子们享受自然之美。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“We drove to Great Falls, Virginia, where hundreds of people on any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest. The blue water pulsed, turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of feet beneath us. The kids held their breath as if they had seen magics.(我们开车去了维吉尼亚州的大瀑布镇，在那里，每天都有数百人在山坡和森林里漫步数小时。蓝色的海水在我们下面几百英尺处跳动，变成白色，猛烈地撞击着。孩子们屏住呼吸，仿佛看到了魔法)”可推知，孩子们对大瀑布之旅感到兴奋。故选D。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“to take a break from the city grew again”以及“We camped two more times before the cold came, each time seeing a bit more of what nature had to offer city folks.(在寒冷来临之前，我们又露营了两次，每次都能看到大自然给城市人提供的更多东西)”可知，后文提到他们又去露营了两次，说明渴望离开城市，休息一下。故划线词意思是“渴望”。故选C。 C The human spine, or backbone, doesn’t just help us stand up straight. Inside the spine is the spinal cord (脊髓), which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as tiny, short bursts (短脉冲) of electricity which travel between the brain and the other parts of the body. The legs and feet send “sense” information to the brain, saying they’re hurt or hot, for example. And the brain sends signals to the lower body, perhaps telling the legs to walk, dance, or sit down. When someone’s spinal cord is hurt, this means that information about senses doesn’t reach the brain from the lower body, and that control signals can’t make it to the lower body from the brain. When that happens, a person is “paralyzed”, and he can’t move his legs. Now scientists in Lausanne, Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. To help them walk again, the men had operations. A special device was placed directly on the lower part of their spinal cord. This “ implant”contained sixteen electrodes. Electrodes are small objects that electricity can pass through. The researchers made sure the electrodes on the implant were lined up with the bundles of nerves (神经末梢) that control the leg muscles. To begin with, the scientists controlled the implants from a tablet computer. Just hours after the implants were first used, all three men were taking steps, with support. In the past, scientists have had some success with similar implants in the lower spine. Some patients have even trained themselves over months to be able to walk. This research is different. The patient’s brain isn’t sending “walking” messages to their legs. Instead, the tablet tells the implant to send the walking messages. The researchers used computers to create patterns of movement that would work well with each patient. The patient then uses the tablet to choose the pattern they want. That triggers (触发) the implant and the muscles move in the chosen way. Over time, the men were able to walk entirely on their own. 8. What is the function of the spinal cord? A. It helps us stand up straight. B. It sends instructions to the body. C. It connects different parts of the body. D. It delivers information between different parts of the body. 9. What happened to the three paralyzed men? A. The operations enabled them to walk again. B. The scientists put a special device next to their spines. C. They could feel the electricity passing through their bodies. D. They replaced the nerves that control the leg muscles with electrodes. 10. According to the text, how is this research different from the one in the past? A. The position of the implant is changed. B. The patients need more time to recover. C. The patients are able to walk independently soon after the operation. D. The instructions to walk are given by the implant rather than the brain. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. What Is Responsible for Paralysis B. How Does Spine Work in Our Body C. Spine Implant Lets Paralyzed People Walk Again D. Scientists Use Tablet Computer to Control Patients’ Movement 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了瑞士科学家通过植入脊髓装置让瘫痪患者重新行走的研究。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inside the spine is the spinal cord (脊髓), which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body.(脊柱内部是脊髓，它在头部和身体下部之间传递重要信息。)”可知，脊髓的功能是在身体的不同部位之间传递信息。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Now scientists in Lausanne, Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. To help them walk again, the men had operations.(现在，瑞士洛桑的科学家让三名瘫痪男子重新获得了行走能力。为了帮助他们重新行走，这些人接受了手术。)”可知，手术让这三名瘫痪男子重新获得了行走能力。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The patient’s brain isn’t sending ‘walking’ messages to their legs. Instead, the tablet tells the implant to send the walking messages.(病人的大脑并没有向他们的腿部发送‘行走’信息。相反，平板电脑告诉植入物发送行走信息。)”可知，这项研究与过去的研究不同之处在于行走指令是由植入物而不是大脑发出的。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第三段中“Now scientists in Lausanne, Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again.(现在，瑞士洛桑的科学家让三名瘫痪男子重新获得了行走能力。)”可知，文章主要讲述了瑞士科学家通过植入脊髓装置让瘫痪患者重新行走的研究，所以C选项“Spine Implant Lets Paralyzed People Walk Again(脊髓植入物让瘫痪的人重新行走)”最符合文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选C。 D About 900 miles off the coast of Chile, scientists have discovered an underwater mountain home to primitive ecosystems that they believe host at least 20 previously unknown species. The team mapped a 1.9-mile tall seamount, which is part of the Nazca Ridge (NR), an underwater mountain range in the southeast Pacific Ocean. The potentially new species that have yet to be officially confirmed include a sea urchin, starfish and a squat lobster. The findings will be submitted to the Ocean Census, which promotes the discovery of new sea species for the confirmation. The team also documented rare sightings of the delightfully named Casper octopus and recorded a live squid, a creature that had only previously been studied from a few dead samples. The discoveries are the result of a 28-day expedition (考察) to the understudied NR, led by Schmidt Ocean Institute. Before this mission, the height and the exact location of the mountain range weren’t known, researchers said. New technology allowed researchers to study the complex depth with greater accuracy than previously possible. Researchers used a remotely operated vehicle named Su Bastian to gather images to map the sea floor. Only 26% of the seafloor has been mapped with such high resolution, said Schmidt Ocean Institute’s director Jyotika Virmani. Through the map, each expedition “let us have a better understanding of the unknown seabed and made us focus more on the lives on our home planet,” she said. The Institute’s two prior expeditions to the NR and the neighboring Salasy Gómez Ridge (SyGR), in January and February, 2024, led to the discovery of 150 new species. Both mountain ranges are in the high seas and lie outside of any country. They’ re being threatened since there are the effects of climate change, plastic pollution, overfishing and potential deep-sea mining. We hope the region containing the NR and the SyGR is a candidate to become a sea protected area that could protect sea life from activities such as commercial fishing or oil drilling. We hope the data gathered from these expeditions will help inform future policies, safeguarding these undeveloped environments for future generations. 12. What will the team do for the potentially new species? A. Find a sea floor for them. B. Help do species identification. C. Return them to the NR. D. Document them for dead samples. 13. What can be inferred about the NR? A. It had been well-studied before the expedition. B Researchers had known its rare species before. C. Researchers touched its every corner in person. D. New technology helped explore it fruitfully. 14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the NR and the SyGR? A. Their ecosystems are a great concern. B. They both became sea protected areas. C. They are free from deep-sea mining activities. D. Their locations promote commercial fishing. 15. In which column of a magazine can we probably read this passage? A. Tourism and culture. B. Sports and Fitness. C. Nature and Biodiversity. D. History and Traditions. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在距离智利海岸约900英里的地方发现了一座水下山脉，在这里有许多未知物种，这次考察提供的信息将有助于未来的政策制定，以保护这些未开发的环境。   【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The potentially new species that have yet to be officially confirmed include a sea urchin, starfish and a squat lobster. The findings will be submitted to the Ocean Census, which promotes the discovery of new sea species for the confirmation. (尚未得到官方确认的潜在新物种包括海胆、海星和矮脚龙虾。这些发现将提交给海洋普查，以确认新海洋物种的发现)”可知，对于潜在的新物种，研究小组将帮助进行物种鉴定。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Before this mission, the height and the exact location of the mountain range weren’t known, researchers said. New technology allowed researchers to study the complex depth with greater accuracy than previously possible. Researchers used a remotely operated vehicle named Su Bastian to gather images to map the sea floor.(研究人员说，在这次任务之前，我们不知道山脉的高度和确切位置。新技术使研究人员能够比以前更准确地研究复杂的深度。研究人员使用名为SuBastian的远程操作车辆收集图像以绘制海底地图。)”可知，这次任务之前，研究人员不知道山脉的高度和确切位置，而新技术可以帮助人们收集图像以绘制海底地图，对纳斯卡海岭进行卓有成效的探索。故选D项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“They’re being threatened since there are the effects of climate change, plastic pollution, overfishing and potential deep-sea mining. We hope the region containing the NR and the SyGR is a candidate to become a sea protected area that could protect sea life from activities such as commercial fishing or oil drilling. (由于气候变化、塑料污染、过度捕捞和潜在的深海采矿的影响，它们正受到威胁。我们希望包含NR和SyGR的区域成为海洋保护区的候选区域，以保护海洋生物免受商业捕鱼或石油钻探等活动的影响。)”可知，NR和SyGR的生态系统受到诸多威胁，是个令人担忧的问题。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段“About 900 miles off the coast of Chile, scientists have discovered an underwater mountain home to primitive ecosystems that they believe host at least 20 previously unknown species.(在距离智利海岸约900英里的地方，科学家们发现了一座水下山脉，那里是原始生态系统的家园，他们认为那里至少有20种以前未知的物种。)”可知，文章主要讲述了在智利海岸外约 900 英里处的水下山脉发现了许多原始生态系统和潜在新物种，以及山脉受到的威胁等，围绕自然和生物多样性展开。因此，可以推测这篇文章可能出现在杂志的“自然与生物多样性”栏目。故选C项。 阅读第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique (费曼学习法). It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall.___16___It also ensures that you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it. The technique is made up of four repeatable steps. To begin, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand.___17___The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged. ___18___Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear. While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding.___19___Review your notes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward. Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit. The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. It is mentally demanding. You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else. ___20___ A. This helps the information stick in your mind better. B. Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct feedback. C. Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone else. D. Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning. E. Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning. F. When this happens, refer back to the original material for the missing pieces. G. However, with great efforts in mastering this method, your learning results improve quicker than ever before. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. C 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。获得诺贝尔奖的物理学家费曼发明了“费曼学习法”。文章主要介绍了该学习方法的主要步骤及作用。 【16题详解】 根据上文“It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall(它包括向别人解释你正在学习的东西。通过教授你从记忆中学到的东西，你参与了主动回忆)”可知，选项承接上文说明这种学习法的作用是什么。故A项“这可以帮助你更好地记住信息”切题。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it.(你越感兴趣，就能越快地掌握它)”可知，兴趣决定了学习的速度。D 项中的“curiosity”与下文中的“interested”相呼应。故D选项“你的好奇心将决定你的学习节奏”切题。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear.(写笔记，用五岁小孩能理解的方式解释。如果你不想真的教别人，你可以把它教给一个想象中的观众。但如果你用真人的话效果会更好。如果有什么不清楚的地方，他们会让你知道)”可知，本段主要讲你可以选择了一个主题，然后就可以把它教给别人。C项“一旦你选择了一个主题, 你就可以把它教给别人”统领本段, 切题。故选 C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding.(在教学过程中，你可能会发现自己理解上的差距)”可知，选项承接上文说明针对上述情况所采取的措施。故F选项“当这种情况发生时, 请回到原始材料中查找缺失的部分”切题。故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else.(你需要积极地思考问题，而不是被动地阅读或听别人说话)”可知，不能被动地阅读或听别人说话，故G选项“然而，只要努力掌握这种方法，你的学习效果就会比以前提高得更快”转折语义，说明这种方法会产生的积极作用。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I play tennis a great deal. For years, it has been my form of stress ____21____. But I recently hit a roadblock. No matter how much I played or how much I worked with my ____22____, my skill wasn’t improving. Being someone who ____23____ that if you work hard, good results will ____24____, it was quite an ____25____ experience. So instead of being a stress reliever, tennis was becoming a stress inducer (诱导剂) . Seeing my frustration, my coach ____26____ a book, Champion Minded by Allistair McCaw. Although much of the book wasn’t ____27____ to my specific situation (it is written for young elite athletes, and I’m 60 and play club-level tennis), its focus on staying ____28____ and living in the present moment not only improved my tennis ____29____ but also reminded me of the ____30____ of practising these same approaches to life in general. Although living in the present moment and letting go of the baggage of the ____31____ is much easier said than done, with practice and regular self-correction, it gradually starts to form a ____32____ and gets easier over time. Enjoy the journey. Life doesn’t always ____33____ like we want it to be, but living in the past isn’t productive. Training to think like a(n) ____34____ isn’t only relevant to sports. It’s a(n) ____35____that can be applied to living a healthier, happier, and more productive life. So, stay calm, live in the present, and find your joy. 21. A. response B. relief C. factor D. test 22. A. coach B. judge C. tutor D. consultant 23. A. promises B. proves C. confirms D. believes 24. A. flash B. follow C. fade D. flow 25. A. entertaining B. invaluable C. unsettling D. efficient 26. A. recommended B. published C. read D. edited 27. A. available B. accessible C. relevant D. beneficial 28. A. energetic B. calm C. quiet D. healthy 29. A. score B. team C. history D. skill 30. A. significance B. challenge C. concept D. problem 31. A. experience B. memory C. moment D. past 32. A. habit B. hobby C. career D. mission 33. A. count on B. draft out C. drop off D. work out 34. A. organizer B. champion C. leader D. master 35. A. motivation B. lesson C. approach D. attitude 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者通过阅读《冠军思维》这本书，学习保持冷静和专注当下，不仅提高了网球技能，还意识到这种心态对日常生活的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，这一直是我缓解压力的方式。A. response响应；B. relief缓解；C. factor因素；D. test测试。根据上文“it has been my form of stress”和下文“So instead of being a stress reliever”可知，打网球一直是作者缓解压力的方式。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我如何刻苦练习，无论我与我的教练如何密切合作，我的技艺都没有得到提升。A. coach教练；B. judge裁判；C. tutor导师；D. consultant顾问。根据下文“Seeing my frustration, my coach ______ a book,”可知，此处是信息词coach的词汇复现。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个相信只要努力工作就会有好结果的人，这是一个相当令人不安的经历。A. promises承诺；B. proves证明；C. confirms证实；D. believes相信。根据下文“that if you work hard, good results will ______,”可知，作者相信只要努力工作就会有好结果。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个相信只要努力工作就会有好结果的人，这是一个相当令人不安的经历。A. flash闪光；B. follow跟随；C. fade消失；D. flow流。根据上文“if you work hard, good results will”可知，只要努力工作，好结果就会随之而来。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个相信只要努力工作就会有好结果的人，这是一个相当令人不安的经历。A. entertaining娱乐的；B. invaluable极有用的；C. unsettling不安的；D. efficient有效的。根据上文“my skill wasn’t improving”可知，作者相信只要努力工作就会有好结果，但是作者的技术没有提高，由此可推知，这是一个相当令人不安的经历。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我的沮丧，我的教练推荐了一本书，阿利斯泰尔·麦考的《冠军思维》。A. recommended推荐；B. published出版；C. read读；D. edited编辑。根据下文“a book, Champion Minded by Allistair McCaw.”可知，作者的教练推荐了一本书。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本书的大部分内容与我的具体情况无关（它是为年轻的精英运动员写的，而我今年60岁，打俱乐部级别的网球），但它对保持冷静和当下的关注不仅提高了我的网球技术，还提醒了我在生活中练习这些方法的重要性。A. available 可利用的；B. accessible可接入的；C. relevant有关的；D. beneficial有益的。根据下文“to my specific situation (it is written for young elite athletes, and I’m 60 and play club-level tennis)”提到作者情况，今年已经60岁，打俱乐部级别的网球，由此可知，此处应表示这本书的大部分内容与作者的具体情况无关。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本书的大部分内容与我的具体情况无关（它是为年轻的精英运动员写的，而我今年60岁，打俱乐部级别的网球），但它对保持冷静和当下的关注不仅提高了我的网球技术，还提醒了我在生活中练习这些方法的重要性。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. calm镇静的；C. quiet安静的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文提到作者的技术没有提高，感到不安，以及下文“and the present moment”可知，这本书注重对保持冷静和当下的关注。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本书的大部分内容与我的具体情况无关（它是为年轻的精英运动员写的，而我今年60岁，打俱乐部级别的网球），但它对保持冷静和当下的关注不仅提高了我的网球技术，还提醒了我在生活中练习这些方法的重要性。A. score成绩；B. team队伍；C. history历史；D. skill技术。根据上文“improved my tennis”可知，作者看完这本书后提高了网球技术。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这本书的大部分内容与我的具体情况无关（它是为年轻的精英运动员写的，而我今年60岁，打俱乐部级别的网球），但它对保持冷静和当下的关注不仅提高了我的网球技术，还提醒了我在生活中练习这些方法的重要性。A. significance重要性；B. challenge挑战；C. concept概念；D. problem问题。根据下文“of practicing these same approaches to life in general.”可知，这本书提醒了作者在生活中练习这些方法的重要性。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然生活在当下，放下过去的包袱说起来容易做起来难，但通过练习和定期的自我纠正，它开始成为一种习惯，并随着时间的推移变得更容易。A. experience经历；B. memory记忆；C. moment时刻；D. past过去。根据上文“Although living in the present moment”转折提到生活在当下可知，放下过去的包袱说起来容易做起来难。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然生活在当下，放下过去的包袱说起来容易做起来难，但通过练习和定期的自我纠正，它开始成为一种习惯，并随着时间的推移变得更容易。A. habit习惯；B. hobby爱好；C. career事业；D. mission使命。根据上文“with practice and regular self-correction”以及下文“gets easier over time”可知，通过练习和定期的自我纠正，它开始成为一种习惯。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：生活并不总是如我们所愿，但活在过去是没有成效的。A. count on指望；B. draft out起草；C. drop off下降；D. work out奏效。根据上文“Life doesn’t always work out like we want it to be”提到生活并不总是如我们所愿，以及此处的but转折可知，此处应表示但活在过去是没有成效的。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：像冠军一样思考的训练不仅仅与体育有关。A. organizer 组织者；B. champion冠军；C. leader领导；D. master大师。根据上文提到的阿利斯泰尔·麦考的《冠军思维》这本书，由此可知，此处应表示像冠军一样思考的训练。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种可以让你过得更健康、更快乐、更有成效的生活的方法。A. motivation动机；B. lesson课，教训；C. approach方法；D. attitude态度。根据上文“isn’t only relevant to sports.”可知，像冠军一样思考的训练不仅仅与体育有关，也是一种可以让你过得更健康、更快乐、更有成效的生活的方法。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, born on April 3, 1934, in London, England, is a well-known British biologist and environmental activist, ____36____ life-long work helped broaden the world’s understanding of animal behavior and emotions. In July 1960, at the age of 26, Jane Goodall traveled from England to Tanzania, Africa and entered the little-known world of wild chimpanzees. ____37____ (equip) with little more than a notebook and her interest in wildlife, Jane explored the unknown to give the world a ____38____ (remark) window into humankind’s closest living relatives. Beyond her scientific contributions, Jane Goodall is also ____39____ passionate supporter for environmental protection and animal welfare. Through her numerous books, lectures and documentaries, she has inspired countless people around the world ____40____ (care) about the natural world and take action to protect it. Jane Goodall visited China for the 17th time from November 30th to December 4th, 2024. She devoted herself ____41____ recording the science and culture interview program “Beichen Dialogue”, which ____42____ (create) by Yangshipin (China Media Group’s video platform) and the China Science and Technology Museum. Her ____43____ (visit) to the Chinese mainland play an important role in promoting cross-cultural exchanges and the spread of conservation concept. Jane Goodall passed away on October 1, 2025 due to natural causes in California. “Goodall worked ____44____ (tireless) for our planet and all its inhabitants, ____45____ (leave) an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature.” the UN said as it mourned her death. 【答案】36. whose 37. Equipped 38. remarkable 39. a 40. to care 41. to 42. was created 43. visits 44. tirelessly 45. leaving 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国生物学家及环保活动家简·古道尔的生平事迹及其对动物行为、环境保护的贡献。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：简·古道尔，1934年4月3日出生于英国伦敦，是一位著名的英国生物学家和环保活动家，她毕生的工作帮助世界拓宽了对动物行为和情感的理解。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Jane Goodall，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose引导。故填whose。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1960年7月，26岁的简·古道尔从英国前往非洲坦桑尼亚，进入了鲜为人知的野生黑猩猩世界。本句已有谓语动词traveled和entered，所以equip用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语Jane之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，首字母应大写。故填Equipped。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：简带着一本笔记本和对野生动物的兴趣，探索了未知的世界，为世人提供了一个了解人类近亲的非凡窗口。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词window，remark的形容词为remarkable“非凡的”。故填remarkable。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：除了科学贡献外，简·古道尔还是环境保护和动物福利的热情支持者。分析句子结构可知，空处需用冠词修饰名词supporter，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，且passionate以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过她的众多书籍、讲座和纪录片，她激励了世界各地无数人关心自然世界并采取行动保护它。固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to care。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：2024年11月30日至12月4日，简·古道尔第17次访问中国，致力于录制由央视频（中国媒体集团的视频平台）和中国科技馆打造的科学文化访谈节目《北辰对话》。固定搭配devote oneself to doing sth.“致力于做某事”。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：同上。create作定语从句的谓语，根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语which指代先行词Beichen Dialogue，和create之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，be动词用was。故填was created。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：她对中国大陆的访问在促进跨文化交流和传播保护理念方面发挥了重要作用。空处需用名词作主语，visit的名词为visits“访问”，结合谓语动词play可知，主语用复数形式。故填visits。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：“古道尔为我们的星球及其所有居民不知疲倦地工作，为人类和自然留下了非凡的遗产。”联合国在哀悼她的去世时表示。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词worked，tireless的副词为tirelessly“不知疲倦地”。故填tirelessly。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空处需要非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果用现在分词的形式。故填leaving。 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 根据首字母及汉语提示完成填空，每空一词(注意词性和形式变化)。 46. After d_________ (领悟) the new information, the team was able to make a wise decision. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】digesting##igesting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在领悟了新的信息之后，团队得以做出明智的决定。根据中英文提示可知为动词digest，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填digesting。 47. Lily went to Spain __________ (尽管) the fact that her doctor had told her to rest. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】despite 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管医生让她休息，莉莉还是去了西班牙。根据汉语提示“尽管”可知，用介词despite。故填despite。 48. Further p_________ (证据) is needed to make sure such drugs do no harm to our health. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】proof##roof 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：需要进一步的证据来确保这些药物不会对我们的健康造成伤害。根据汉语提示“证据”和首字母p可知，此处应用名词proof作主语。故填proof。 49. The traditional approach to h_________ (处理) complicated problems is to break them down into simple ones. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】handling##andling 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：处理复杂问题的传统方法是将其分解为简单的部分。根据中英文提示可知用动词handle，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填handling。 50. As is known to us all, Yuan Longping is an o_________ (优秀的) Chinese scientist in agriculture. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】outstanding##utstanding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，袁隆平是杰出的中国农业科学家。根据中英文提示可知用形容词outstanding，修饰名词scientist。故填outstanding。 51. Air, water, clothing and insects are all possible means of _____(传染). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】infection 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：空气、水、衣服和昆虫都是可能的传染途径。根据汉语提示可知应填名词infection，作宾语，不可数。故填infection。 52. O_________ (忙于) in making and selling popcorn, they spare no time to play around. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】Occupied##ccupied 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们忙于制作和销售爆米花，没有时间玩耍。根据中文提示“忙于”和首字母“O”可知，此处应填形容词“Occupied”，作状语。故填Occupied。 53. The story of the two young men is described v_________ (生动地) in this novel. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】vividly##ividly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：这部小说生动地讲述了那两个年轻人的故事。根据中英文提示可知用副词vividly，修饰动词describe。故填vividly。 54 The night before the test I was _____ (克服) by fear and despair. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】overcome 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：考试的前一天晚上，我被恐惧和绝望所压倒。根据提示的汉语，表示“克服”应为overcome，结合句意可知，overcome与句子主语之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填overcome。 55. There has been a slight increase in the c_________ (消耗) of meat. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】consumption##onsumption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：肉类的消费量略有上升。根据中英文提示可知用名词consumption，作宾语。故填consumption。 第四节 雅思附加题(共12小题，满分10分) 请在附加题答题卡上面作答。 阅读短文并回答问题 The Step Pyramid of Djoser 1 The pyramids are the most famous monuments of ancient Egypt and still hold enormous interest for people in the present day. These grand, impressive tributes to the memory of the Egyptian kings have become linked with the country even though other cultures, such as the Chinese and Mayan, also built pyramids. The evolution of the pyramid form has been written and argued about for centuries. However, there is no question that, as far as Egypt is concerned, it began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect: the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara. 2 Djoser was the first king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone. Prior to Djoser’s reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried. For reasons which remain unclear, Djoser’s main official, whose name was Imhotep, conceived of building a taller, more impressive tomb for his king by stacking stone slabs on top of one another, progressively making them smaller, to form the shape now known as the Step Pyramid. Djoser is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a much longer time for his rule, owing to the number and size of the monuments he built. 3 The Step Pyramid has been thoroughly examined and investigated over the last century, and it is now known that the building process went through many different stages. Historian Marc Van de Mieroop comments on this, writing “Much experimentation was involved, which is especially clear in the construction of the pyramid in the center of the complex. It had several plans… before it became the first Step Pyramid in history, piling six levels on top of one another… The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders, who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.” 4 When finally completed, the Step Pyramid rose 62 meters high and was the tallest structure of its time. The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests. It covered a region of 16 hectares and was surrounded by a wall 10.5 meters high. The wall had 13 false doors cut into it with only one true entrance cut into the south-east corner; the entire wall was then ringed by a trench 750 meters long and 40 meters wide. The false doors and the trench were incorporated into the complex to discourage unwanted visitors. If someone wished to enter, he or she would have needed to know in advance how to find the location of the true opening in the wall. Djoser was so proud of his accomplishment that he broke the tradition of having only his own name on the monument and had Imhotep’s name carved on it as well. 5 The burial chamber of the tomb, where the king’s body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the base of the pyramid, surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers. One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a large number of stone vessels. Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes, were discovered in storerooms of the pyramid’s underground passages. They are inscribed with the names of rulers from the First and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from different kinds of stone. There is no agreement among scholars and archaeologists on why the vessels were placed in the tomb of Djoser or what they were supposed to represent. The archaeologist Jean-Philippe Lauer, who excavated most of the pyramid and complex, believes they were originally stored and then given a “proper burial’” by Djoser in his pyramid to honor his predecessors. There are other historians, however, who claim the vessels were dumped into the shafts as yet another attempt to prevent grave robbers from getting to the king’s burial chamber. 6 Unfortunately, all of the precautions and intricate design of the underground network did not prevent ancient robbers from finding a way in. Djoser’s grave goods, and even his body, were stolen at some point in the past and all archaeologists found were a small number of his valuables overlooked by the thieves. There was enough left throughout the pyramid and its complex, however, to astonish and amaze the archaeologists who excavated it. 7 Egyptologist Miroslav Verner writes, “Few monuments hold a place in human history as significant as that of the Step Pyramid in Saqqara… It can be said without exaggeration that this pyramid complex constitutes a milestone in the evolution of monumental stone architecture in Egypt and in the world as a whole.” The Step Pyramid was a revolutionary advance in architecture and became the archetype which all the other great pyramid builders of Egypt would follow. 56. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs from the list of headings below. List of Headings A. The areas and artefacts within the pyramid itself B. A difficult task for those involved C. A king who saved his people D. A single certainty among other less definite facts E. An overview of the external buildings and areas F. A pyramid design that others copied G. An idea for changing the design of burial structures H. An incredible experience despite the few remains I. The answers to some unexpected questions Paragraph 1 ________ Paragraph 2 ________ Paragraph 3 ________ Paragraph 4 ________ Paragraph 5 ________ Paragraph 6 ________ Paragraph 7 ________ 57 Which TWO of the following points does the writer make about King Djoser? A. Initially he had to be persuaded to build in stone rather than clay. B. There is disagreement concerning the length of his reign. C. He failed to appreciate Imhotep’s part in the design of the Step Pyramid. D. A few of his possessions were still in his tomb when archaeologists found it. E. He criticised the design and construction of other pyramids in Egypt. 58. Complete the notes below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. The Step Pyramid of Djoser The complex that includes the Step Pyramid and its surroundings is considered to be as big as an Egyptian ________ of the past. The area outside the pyramid included accommodation that was occupied by ________, along with many other buildings and features. A wall ran around the outside of the complex, and a number of false entrances were built into this. In addition, a long ________ encircled the wall. As a result, any visitors who had not been invited were cleverly prevented from entering the pyramid grounds unless they knew the ________ of the real entrance. 【答案】56. ①. D ②. G ③. B ④. E ⑤. A ⑥. H ⑦. F 57. BD 58. ①. city ②. priests ③. trench ④. location 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍埃及左塞尔阶梯金字塔，由伊姆霍特普设计，是埃及首座石质金字塔，详述其建造、规模、内部遗存，虽遭盗掘但意义重大，为后世金字塔典范。 【56题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The evolution of the pyramid form has been written and argued about for centuries. However, there is no question that, as far as Egypt is concerned, it began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect: the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara.(金字塔的演变历程已经被人详细记录并进行了长期的探讨。然而，毫无疑问的是，就埃及而言，这一切始于一座为一位国王建造、由一位杰出建筑师设计的单体金字塔：萨卡拉的阶梯金字塔)”可知，第一段主旨为在其他不太确定的事实中，唯一确定的一点。故选D。 根据第二段“Djoser was the first king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone. Prior to Djoser’s reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried.(迪奥塞是埃及第三王朝的首位国王，也是首位采用石料建造陵墓的国王。在迪奥塞统治之前，墓穴都是由干燥的黏土砖建成的长方形建筑，这些建筑内部设有地下通道，用于存放逝者遗体)”可知，第二段主旨为一个改变陵墓结构设计的构想。故选G。 根据第三段“The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders, who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.(这座庞然大物的重量给建筑者们带来了巨大挑战，他们将石块以向内倾斜的方式放置，以防止这座纪念碑发生断裂)”可知，第三段主旨为对相关人员来说是一项艰巨的任务。故选B。 根据第四段“When finally completed, the Step Pyramid rose 62 meters high and was the tallest structure of its time. The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests.(这座阶梯金字塔最终建成时高达62米，是当时最高的建筑。它所在的建筑群在古埃及相当于一座城市那么大，其中包括一座神庙、庭院、神龛以及供祭司居住的房间)”可知，第四段主旨为对外部建筑和区域的总体描述。故选E。 根据第五段“The burial chamber of the tomb, where the king’s body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the base of the pyramid, surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers. One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a large number of stone vessels. Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes, were discovered in storerooms of the pyramid’s underground passages.(这座金字塔的墓室是存放国王遗体的地方，它位于金字塔底部之下，周围环绕着一个庞大的迷宫般的长隧道系统，这些隧道内部设有房间，以防止盗贼进入。在金字塔内部发现的最神秘的发现之一是一大批石制容器。在金字塔地下通道的储藏室中，发现了超过40000个这种形状各异的容器)”可知，第五段主旨为金字塔内部的区域和物品。故选A。 根据第六段“There was enough left throughout the pyramid and its complex, however, to astonish and amaze the archaeologists who excavated it.(尽管整个金字塔及其内部结构中仍有足够的遗物，但这仍令进行挖掘工作的考古学家们感到既震惊又惊叹不已)”可知，第六段主旨为尽管留存的遗迹很少，但仍是一次令人难以置信的经历。故选H。 根据第七段“The Step Pyramid was a revolutionary advance in architecture and became the archetype which all the other great pyramid builders of Egypt would follow.(阶梯金字塔在建筑史上是一个重大的创新成果，并且成为了埃及所有其他伟大金字塔建造者所效仿的典范)”可知，第七段主旨为其他人都曾借鉴过的金字塔设计。故选F。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Djoser is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a much longer time for his rule, owing to the number and size of the monuments he built.(据认为，迪奥瑟统治了19年，但一些历史学家和学者认为他的统治时间要长得多，这是因为他所建造的纪念碑数量众多且规模巨大)”以及第六段“Djoser’s grave goods, and even his body, were stolen at some point in the past and all archaeologists found were a small number of his valuables overlooked by the thieves.(迪奥瑟的陪葬品，甚至他的遗体，在过去某个时候都曾被盗走。而所有考古学家所发现的，只是那些被盗贼遗漏掉的少量贵重物品)”可知，B选项“关于他统治的时长存在争议”和D选项“当考古学家发现他的陵墓时，他的部分遗物仍保存在其中” 是作者关于迪奥斯王的论述。故选BD。 【58题详解】 1.根据第四段“The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests.(这座建筑所在的建筑群规模相当于古埃及的一个城市，里面设有神庙、庭院、神龛以及供祭司居住的房间)”可知，这座包含阶梯金字塔及其周边区域的建筑群，其规模被认为与古埃及的某个城市相当。故填city。 2.根据第四段“The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests.(这座建筑所在的建筑群规模相当于古埃及的一个城市，里面设有神庙、庭院、神龛以及供祭司居住的房间)”可知，金字塔外部的区域设有供祭司居住的住所，此外还有许多其他建筑和设施。故填priests。 3.根据第四段“The wall had 13 false doors cut into it with only one true entrance cut into the south-east corner; the entire wall was then ringed by a trench 750 meters long and 40 meters wide.(这堵墙上有13个假门被凿开，而唯一的真正入口则位于东南角；随后，整堵墙周围还被修建了一条长750米、宽40米的壕沟)”可知，此外，一道长长的壕沟环绕着城墙。故填trench。 4.根据第四段“If someone wished to enter, he or she would have needed to know in advance how to find the location of the true opening in the wall.(如果有人想要进入，那么他或她就必须事先知道如何找到那堵墙上的真正开口的位置)”可知，因此，任何未获邀请的访客都被巧妙地阻止进入金字塔区域，除非他们知道真正的入口位置。故填location。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分25分) 第一节 微情景写作(满分10分) 59. 请根据所给情节，尝试续写一个“排队几小时想买的限量版书籍，到自己时已售罄”的情节侧重人物失望的细节描写。 注意: 1. 至少使用一个无灵主语的句子; 2. 至少使用一个主语从句; 3. 词数70左右。 Lucy lined up outside the bookstore for three hours to buy the limited edition of her favorite novel. When it was finally her turn, the shop assistant shook her head and said the last copy had just been sold. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What made her heart break completely was that the book she’d longed for was already sold out. Despair flooded Lucy’s heart at once. She stared at the empty shelf, her lips trembling, and the excitement that had filled her just minutes ago vanished completely into thin air. She stood there rooted to the spot, unable to accept the cruel truth. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Lucy排队数小时只为购买心仪的限量版小说，却最终被告知已售罄的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 由段首句“露西在书店外排队等了三个小时，只为买她最喜爱小说的限量版。终于轮到她时，店员却摇了摇头，说最后一本刚刚卖完。”可知，本段描写Lucy得知书籍售罄后的核心崩溃点，用主语从句点明心碎的原因，同时嵌入无灵主语句式奠定失望基调。 2.续写线索：得知售罄心碎——绝望瞬间侵袭——凝望空货架——嘴唇颤抖——先前兴奋消散——僵立原地难接受。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①凝视：stare at/gaze at/fix one’s eyes on ②颤抖：tremble/shiver/quiver ③僵立：stand rooted to the spot/remain motionless 情绪类 ①绝望：despair/desperation/helplessness ②兴奋：excitement/enthusiasm 【点睛】【高分句型1】What made her heart break completely was that the book she’d longed for was already sold out.（运用了what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句，that或which引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the book，that或which被省略） 【高分句型2】She stared at the empty shelf, her lips trembling, and the excitement that had filled her just minutes ago vanished completely into thin air.（运用了that引导的限制性宾语从句） 第二节 应用文写作(满分15分) 60. 最近，你校为学生开设了有关急救知识的课程，学生们对此展开了激烈的讨论，但观点不一。请你以Is it necessary for students to take first aid courses?为题，根据所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文。 注意: 词数80词左右。 学生 观点 理由 80% 很有必要 生活中可能发生意外;掌握急救知识能及时挽救生命 20% 没必要 就医便利;学业任务繁重，额外课程会占用学习时间 你的看法 表明态度 ? Is it necessary for students to take first aid courses? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Is It Necessary for Students to Take First Aid Courses? There are some first aid courses in our school these days. We have a discussion on it. Eighty percent of us agree that we should take the courses. But twenty percent of us are against it. They think people can go to the hospital when they need a help, and it is very convenient. Besides, our studies are very busy, so we have no time for first aid courses. I think we should take the first aid courses. We should not only do well in our studies but also learn something useful out of class. First aid is of great importance in our daily life. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生以Is it necessary for students to take first aid courses?为题，根据所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 忙碌的：busy → occupied 同意：agree → approve 反对：be against → disapprove 重要的：be of great importance → be of great significance 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Besides, our studies are very busy, so we have no time for first aid courses. 拓展句：Besides, our studies are so busy that we have no time for first aid courses. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Eighty percent of us agree that we should take the courses.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】We should not only do well in our studies but also learn something useful out of class.（运用了not only…but also…句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年上学期期末考试 高二年级英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共16页。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分，共90分) 第一部分 听力(1～20小题，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the speakers most likely do after lunch? A. Visit a store. B. Attend a workshop. C. Write a paper. 2. What did the man’s sister major in? A. Fashion design. B. Medicine. C. Engineering. 3. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Gifts for a friend. B. A literature event. C. A going-away party. 4. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a café. B. At a university. C. At an animal shelter. 5. How can the man’s recipe be described? A. It’s a reward. B. It’s a success. C. It’s a problem. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At Tom’s house. B. In a meeting room. C. At a train station. 7. How does the woman probably feel in the end? A. Worried. B. Relieved. C. Angry. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man’s problem? A. He has a temperature. B. He is struggling to save energy. C. He is too cold to do his work. 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In the woman’s house. C. In a school. 10. What does the woman suggest? A. Stopping working right now. B. Taking better care of their health. C. Discussing the issue with the leader. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How do the speakers feel now? A. Bored. B. Disappointed. C. Excited. 12. What does the woman intend to buy? A. Model cars. B. Some plants. C. Doll’s houses. 13. What will the man probably do first? A. Go to the bathroom. B. Get something to eat. C. Buy the tickets. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 15. What month is it now? A. September. B. October. C. November. 16. What sport was the man involved in? A. Football. B. Swimming. C. Basketball. 17. What does the man probably want to be in the future? A. A doctor. B. An athlete. C. An artist. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the main focus of the program? A. Management skills. B. Artistic appreciation. C. Scientific exploration. 19. What will students need to do at the start of the program? A. Sit an exam. B. Give a report. C. Design an experiment. 20. What is special about the program? A. It stresses theoretical study. B. It organizes activities outside school. C. It specializes in computer-assisted research. 第二部分 阅读(共四节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Language Exchange Programme enables students to team up in pairs and practice two distinct languages every week — one they can teach and one they aim to learn. After each meeting, participants are required to write short journals, noting the language skills they have practiced and the topics they have discussed. Over the course of a term, each pair will meet with a supervising teacher three times; the teacher will assess whether the language exchange is running effectively. Students who finish the programme successfully will be awarded one academic credit. Requirements for Completion • Attend one mandatory welcoming session on the second Friday of the term • Take part in 18 weekly one-hour pair meetings • Submit a weekly progress report for each pair meeting • Attend a minimum of three meetings with the supervising teacher as a pair • Create a five-minute final video presentation about the exchange experience Sign-up & Registration Process • Students sign up online and specify the languages they can teach and the languages they want to learn. • The programme organizers identify potential matches based on the information provided by each student • Students’ language proficiency levels are verified through either their previous coursework or a placement test. • Once a suitable pair is confirmed, each student will be contacted personally and given a unique permission code to complete the registration. Important Reminders Signing up does not guarantee registration or participation. Pairing is strictly based on shared language interests and matching proficiency levels. Due to various factors involved in the matching process, not every student who signs up will be paired with a partner and thus eligible for registration. 1. What do students need to do after each pair meeting in the programme? A. Assess the effectiveness of the exchange. B. Write a short record of their practice and topics. C. Meet with the supervising teacher immediately. D. Prepare a progress report for the whole term. 2. Which of the following is a requirement for completing the programme? A. Taking a language placement test. B. Attending 18 weekly one-hour pair meetings. C. Creating a ten-minute final video presentation. D. Organizing a welcoming session for new students. 3. What is a necessary step for students during the sign-up process? A. Submitting previous coursework certificates. B. Choosing a suitable partner by themselves. C. Stating the languages they can teach and learn. D. Obtaining a unique permission code from teachers. B Being a writer in the 21st century can keep you in front of a screen for so long that it feels like the room is sideways. Being a human with the Internet can mean hours spent on social media, scrolling and posting for so long that your sense of reality actually becomes sideways. Three years ago, I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety. I had a brilliant idea, one that felt completely foreign to people like me: I’d go outside, to the real outside. I grew up in the city, not hiking or camping, so I knew nothing about the outdoors. I have three kids with endless energy, so I figured I could solve two questions at once. I would get a breather from my job and the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than nature. We drove to Great Falls, Virginia, where hundreds of people on any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest. The blue water pulsed, turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of feet beneath us. The kids held their breath as if they had seen magics. But it’s just nature, just the outside, and that had been there all along. Since then, we’ve been fascinated. Last summer I felt my home’s walls closing in, so I decided to go camping. I built my first fire. My kids watched my every move, asking every ten minutes to help get more branches and roast meat. About a month, my craving to take a break from the city grew again. We camped two more times before the cold came, each time seeing a bit more of what nature had to offer city folks. 4. Why did the author decide to go outside three years ago? A. Because he was interested in nature. B. Because he hoped to reduce anxiety. C. Because he fell in love with camping. D. Because he was eager for the outdoors. 5. What does the author want his kids to do? A. Enjoy the beauty of nature. B. Stay away from social media. C. Learn to protect themselves. D. Choose to do what they are fond of. 6. How did the kids feel about the tour to Great Falls? A. Tired. B. Scared. C. Bored. D. Excited. 7. What does the underlined word “craving” in the last paragraph mean? A. Memory. B. Chance. C. Desire. D. Ability. C The human spine, or backbone, doesn’t just help us stand up straight. Inside the spine is the spinal cord (脊髓), which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as tiny, short bursts (短脉冲) of electricity which travel between the brain and the other parts of the body. The legs and feet send “sense” information to the brain, saying they’re hurt or hot, for example. And the brain sends signals to the lower body, perhaps telling the legs to walk, dance, or sit down. When someone’s spinal cord is hurt, this means that information about senses doesn’t reach the brain from the lower body, and that control signals can’t make it to the lower body from the brain. When that happens, a person is “paralyzed”, and he can’t move his legs. Now scientists in Lausanne, Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. To help them walk again, the men had operations. A special device was placed directly on the lower part of their spinal cord. This “ implant”contained sixteen electrodes. Electrodes are small objects that electricity can pass through. The researchers made sure the electrodes on the implant were lined up with the bundles of nerves (神经末梢) that control the leg muscles. To begin with, the scientists controlled the implants from a tablet computer. Just hours after the implants were first used, all three men were taking steps, with support. In the past, scientists have had some success with similar implants in the lower spine. Some patients have even trained themselves over months to be able to walk. This research is different. The patient’s brain isn’t sending “walking” messages to their legs. Instead, the tablet tells the implant to send the walking messages. The researchers used computers to create patterns of movement that would work well with each patient. The patient then uses the tablet to choose the pattern they want. That triggers (触发) the implant and the muscles move in the chosen way. Over time, the men were able to walk entirely on their own. 8. What is the function of the spinal cord? A. It helps us stand up straight. B. It sends instructions to the body. C It connects different parts of the body. D. It delivers information between different parts of the body. 9. What happened to the three paralyzed men? A. The operations enabled them to walk again. B. The scientists put a special device next to their spines. C. They could feel the electricity passing through their bodies. D. They replaced the nerves that control the leg muscles with electrodes. 10. According to the text, how is this research different from the one in the past? A. The position of the implant is changed. B. The patients need more time to recover. C. The patients are able to walk independently soon after the operation. D. The instructions to walk are given by the implant rather than the brain. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. What Is Responsible for Paralysis B. How Does Spine Work in Our Body C. Spine Implant Lets Paralyzed People Walk Again D. Scientists Use Tablet Computer to Control Patients’ Movement D About 900 miles off the coast of Chile, scientists have discovered an underwater mountain home to primitive ecosystems that they believe host at least 20 previously unknown species. The team mapped a 1.9-mile tall seamount, which is part of the Nazca Ridge (NR), an underwater mountain range in the southeast Pacific Ocean. The potentially new species that have yet to be officially confirmed include a sea urchin, starfish and a squat lobster. The findings will be submitted to the Ocean Census, which promotes the discovery of new sea species for the confirmation. The team also documented rare sightings of the delightfully named Casper octopus and recorded a live squid, a creature that had only previously been studied from a few dead samples. The discoveries are the result of a 28-day expedition (考察) to the understudied NR, led by Schmidt Ocean Institute. Before this mission, the height and the exact location of the mountain range weren’t known, researchers said. New technology allowed researchers to study the complex depth with greater accuracy than previously possible. Researchers used a remotely operated vehicle named Su Bastian to gather images to map the sea floor. Only 26% of the seafloor has been mapped with such high resolution, said Schmidt Ocean Institute’s director Jyotika Virmani. Through the map, each expedition “let us have a better understanding of the unknown seabed and made us focus more on the lives on our home planet,” she said. The Institute’s two prior expeditions to the NR and the neighboring Salasy Gómez Ridge (SyGR), in January and February, 2024, led to the discovery of 150 new species. Both mountain ranges are in the high seas and lie outside of any country. They’ re being threatened since there are the effects of climate change, plastic pollution, overfishing and potential deep-sea mining. We hope the region containing the NR and the SyGR is a candidate to become a sea protected area that could protect sea life from activities such as commercial fishing or oil drilling. We hope the data gathered from these expeditions will help inform future policies, safeguarding these undeveloped environments for future generations. 12. What will the team do for the potentially new species? A. Find a sea floor for them. B. Help do species identification. C. Return them to the NR. D. Document them for dead samples. 13. What can be inferred about the NR? A. It had been well-studied before the expedition. B. Researchers had known its rare species before. C. Researchers touched its every corner in person. D. New technology helped explore it fruitfully. 14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the NR and the SyGR? A. Their ecosystems are a great concern. B. They both became sea protected areas. C. They are free from deep-sea mining activities. D. Their locations promote commercial fishing. 15. In which column of a magazine can we probably read this passage? A. Tourism and culture. B. Sports and Fitness. C. Nature and Biodiversity. D. History and Traditions. 阅读第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique (费曼学习法). It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall.___16___It also ensures that you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it. The technique is made up of four repeatable steps. To begin, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand.___17___The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged. ___18___Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear. While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding.___19___Review your notes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward. Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit. The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. It is mentally demanding. You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else. ___20___ A. This helps the information stick in your mind better. B. Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct feedback. C. Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone else. D. Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning. E. Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning. F. When this happens, refer back to the original material for the missing pieces. G. However, with great efforts in mastering this method, your learning results improve quicker than ever before. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I play tennis a great deal. For years, it has been my form of stress ____21____. But I recently hit a roadblock. No matter how much I played or how much I worked with my ____22____, my skill wasn’t improving. Being someone who ____23____ that if you work hard, good results will ____24____, it was quite an ____25____ experience. So instead of being a stress reliever, tennis was becoming a stress inducer (诱导剂) . Seeing my frustration, my coach ____26____ a book, Champion Minded by Allistair McCaw. Although much of the book wasn’t ____27____ to my specific situation (it is written for young elite athletes, and I’m 60 and play club-level tennis), its focus on staying ____28____ and living in the present moment not only improved my tennis ____29____ but also reminded me of the ____30____ of practising these same approaches to life in general. Although living in the present moment and letting go of the baggage of the ____31____ is much easier said than done, with practice and regular self-correction, it gradually starts to form a ____32____ and gets easier over time. Enjoy the journey. Life doesn’t always ____33____ like we want it to be, but living in the past isn’t productive. Training to think like a(n) ____34____ isn’t only relevant to sports. It’s a(n) ____35____that can be applied to living a healthier, happier, and more productive life. So, stay calm, live in the present, and find your joy. 21. A. response B. relief C. factor D. test 22. A. coach B. judge C. tutor D. consultant 23. A. promises B. proves C. confirms D. believes 24. A. flash B. follow C. fade D. flow 25. A. entertaining B. invaluable C. unsettling D. efficient 26. A. recommended B. published C. read D. edited 27. A. available B. accessible C. relevant D. beneficial 28. A. energetic B. calm C. quiet D. healthy 29. A. score B. team C. history D. skill 30. A. significance B. challenge C. concept D. problem 31 A. experience B. memory C. moment D. past 32. A. habit B. hobby C. career D. mission 33. A. count on B. draft out C. drop off D. work out 34. A. organizer B. champion C. leader D. master 35. A. motivation B. lesson C. approach D. attitude 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jane Goodall, born on April 3, 1934, in London, England, is a well-known British biologist and environmental activist, ____36____ life-long work helped broaden the world’s understanding of animal behavior and emotions. In July 1960, at the age of 26, Jane Goodall traveled from England to Tanzania, Africa and entered the little-known world of wild chimpanzees. ____37____ (equip) with little more than a notebook and her interest in wildlife, Jane explored the unknown to give the world a ____38____ (remark) window into humankind’s closest living relatives. Beyond her scientific contributions, Jane Goodall is also ____39____ passionate supporter for environmental protection and animal welfare. Through her numerous books, lectures and documentaries, she has inspired countless people around the world ____40____ (care) about the natural world and take action to protect it. Jane Goodall visited China for the 17th time from November 30th to December 4th 2024. She devoted herself ____41____ recording the science and culture interview program “Beichen Dialogue”, which ____42____ (create) by Yangshipin (China Media Group’s video platform) and the China Science and Technology Museum. Her ____43____ (visit) to the Chinese mainland play an important role in promoting cross-cultural exchanges and the spread of conservation concept. Jane Goodall passed away on October 1, 2025 due to natural causes in California. “Goodall worked ____44____ (tireless) for our planet and all its inhabitants, ____45____ (leave) an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature.” the UN said as it mourned her death. 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 根据首字母及汉语提示完成填空，每空一词(注意词性和形式变化)。 46. After d_________ (领悟) the new information, the team was able to make a wise decision. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. Lily went to Spain __________ (尽管) the fact that her doctor had told her to rest. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Further p_________ (证据) is needed to make sure such drugs do no harm to our health. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. The traditional approach to h_________ (处理) complicated problems is to break them down into simple ones. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. As is known to us all, Yuan Longping is an o_________ (优秀的) Chinese scientist in agriculture. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. Air, water, clothing and insects are all possible means of _____(传染). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. O_________ (忙于) in making and selling popcorn, they spare no time to play around. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. The story of the two young men is described v_________ (生动地) in this novel. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. The night before the test I was _____ (克服) by fear and despair. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. There has been a slight increase in the c_________ (消耗) of meat. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四节 雅思附加题(共12小题，满分10分) 请在附加题答题卡上面作答。 阅读短文并回答问题 The Step Pyramid of Djoser 1 The pyramids are the most famous monuments of ancient Egypt and still hold enormous interest for people in the present day. These grand, impressive tributes to the memory of the Egyptian kings have become linked with the country even though other cultures, such as the Chinese and Mayan, also built pyramids. The evolution of the pyramid form has been written and argued about for centuries. However, there is no question that, as far as Egypt is concerned, it began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect: the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara. 2 Djoser was the first king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone. Prior to Djoser’s reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried. For reasons which remain unclear, Djoser’s main official, whose name was Imhotep, conceived of building a taller, more impressive tomb for his king by stacking stone slabs on top of one another, progressively making them smaller, to form the shape now known as the Step Pyramid. Djoser is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a much longer time for his rule, owing to the number and size of the monuments he built. 3 The Step Pyramid has been thoroughly examined and investigated over the last century, and it is now known that the building process went through many different stages. Historian Marc Van de Mieroop comments on this, writing “Much experimentation was involved, which is especially clear in the construction of the pyramid in the center of the complex. It had several plans… before it became the first Step Pyramid in history, piling six levels on top of one another… The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders, who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.” 4 When finally completed, the Step Pyramid rose 62 meters high and was the tallest structure of its time. The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests. It covered a region of 16 hectares and was surrounded by a wall 10.5 meters high. The wall had 13 false doors cut into it with only one true entrance cut into the south-east corner; the entire wall was then ringed by a trench 750 meters long and 40 meters wide. The false doors and the trench were incorporated into the complex to discourage unwanted visitors. If someone wished to enter, he or she would have needed to know in advance how to find the location of the true opening in the wall. Djoser was so proud of his accomplishment that he broke the tradition of having only his own name on the monument and had Imhotep’s name carved on it as well. 5 The burial chamber of the tomb, where the king’s body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the base of the pyramid, surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers. One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a large number of stone vessels. Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes, were discovered in storerooms of the pyramid’s underground passages. They are inscribed with the names of rulers from the First and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from different kinds of stone. There is no agreement among scholars and archaeologists on why the vessels were placed in the tomb of Djoser or what they were supposed to represent. The archaeologist Jean-Philippe Lauer, who excavated most of the pyramid and complex, believes they were originally stored and then given a “proper burial’” by Djoser in his pyramid to honor his predecessors. There are other historians, however, who claim the vessels were dumped into the shafts as yet another attempt to prevent grave robbers from getting to the king’s burial chamber. 6 Unfortunately, all of the precautions and intricate design of the underground network did not prevent ancient robbers from finding a way in. Djoser’s grave goods, and even his body, were stolen at some point in the past and all archaeologists found were a small number of his valuables overlooked by the thieves. There was enough left throughout the pyramid and its complex, however, to astonish and amaze the archaeologists who excavated it. 7 Egyptologist Miroslav Verner writes, “Few monuments hold a place in human history as significant as that of the Step Pyramid in Saqqara… It can be said without exaggeration that this pyramid complex constitutes a milestone in the evolution of monumental stone architecture in Egypt and in the world as a whole.” The Step Pyramid was a revolutionary advance in architecture and became the archetype which all the other great pyramid builders of Egypt would follow. 56. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs from the list of headings below. List of Headings A. The areas and artefacts within the pyramid itself B. A difficult task for those involved C. A king who saved his people D. A single certainty among other less definite facts E. An overview of the external buildings and areas F. A pyramid design that others copied G. An idea for changing the design of burial structures H. An incredible experience despite the few remains I. The answers to some unexpected questions Paragraph 1 ________ Paragraph 2 ________ Paragraph 3 ________ Paragraph 4 ________ Paragraph 5 ________ Paragraph 6 ________ Paragraph 7 ________ 57. Which TWO of the following points does the writer make about King Djoser? A. Initially he had to be persuaded to build in stone rather than clay. B. There is disagreement concerning the length of his reign. C. He failed to appreciate Imhotep’s part in the design of the Step Pyramid. D. A few of his possessions were still in his tomb when archaeologists found it. E. He criticised the design and construction of other pyramids in Egypt. 58. Complete the notes below. Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer. The Step Pyramid of Djoser The complex that includes the Step Pyramid and its surroundings is considered to be as big as an Egyptian ________ of the past. The area outside the pyramid included accommodation that was occupied by ________, along with many other buildings and features. A wall ran around the outside of the complex, and a number of false entrances were built into this. In addition, a long ________ encircled the wall. As a result, any visitors who had not been invited were cleverly prevented from entering the pyramid grounds unless they knew the ________ of the real entrance. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分25分) 第一节 微情景写作(满分10分) 59. 请根据所给情节，尝试续写一个“排队几小时想买的限量版书籍，到自己时已售罄”的情节侧重人物失望的细节描写。 注意: 1. 至少使用一个无灵主语的句子; 2 至少使用一个主语从句; 3. 词数70左右。 Lucy lined up outside the bookstore for three hours to buy the limited edition of her favorite novel. When it was finally her turn, the shop assistant shook her head and said the last copy had just been sold. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 应用文写作(满分15分) 60. 最近，你校为学生开设了有关急救知识的课程，学生们对此展开了激烈的讨论，但观点不一。请你以Is it necessary for students to take first aid courses?为题，根据所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文。 注意: 词数80词左右。 学生 观点 理由 80% 很有必要 生活中可能发生意外;掌握急救知识能及时挽救生命 20% 没必要 就医便利;学业任务繁重，额外课程会占用学习时间 你的看法 表明态度 ? Is it necessary for students to take first aid courses? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $