内容正文:
Unit 1 Growing up知
识
归
纳
语音语调
字母组合 ir 发 /ɜː/,例词:birthday, third
字母组合 ur 发 /ɜː/,例词:turn, hurt
特殊疑问句的语调是降调。例:What did you learn? ↘ 你学到了什么?
How did you change? ↘ 你如何改变的?
必记单词
measure 测量;pay 支付;ride 骑;could 能,会;learn 学习;grow 成长;win 赢;read 读;join 参加;make 制作;beat 打败;clap 鼓掌;cook 烹饪;practice 练习;help 帮助;play 玩,打; height 身高;age 年龄;ID 身份证;primary 初级的;holiday 假期;skier 滑雪者;camp 营地;training 训练;film 电影;king 国王;difficulty 困难;heart 心;myself 我自己;ourselves 我们自己;noisy 吵闹的;naughty 淘气的;last 上一个的;able 能够的;nervous 紧张的;third 第三;exciting 令人兴奋的;dead 死的;brave 勇敢的;new 新的;good 好的;ago …… 以前;hurt 受伤;follow 跟随
常考短语
grow up 成长;primary school 小学;last summer 去年夏天;summer camp 夏令营;follow your heart 跟随你的心 by the end of 在…… 结束时;at first 起初;join a camp 参加夏令营;practice doing sth. 练习做某事 help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事;learn to do sth. 学习做某事;be able to 能够;challenge myself 挑战自我 beat the difficulty 克服困难;clap for sb. 为某人鼓掌
必会句型
过去状态描述:
主语 + was/were + 描述词.
例:I was nervous. 我很紧张。 They were happy. 他们很开心。
过去能力表达:
主语 + could + 动词原形.
例:I could swim. 我会游泳。 She could not dance. 她不会跳舞。
过去技能习得:
主语 + learnt to + 动词原形.
例:I learnt to ski. 我学习滑雪。
过去过程变化:
At first... By the end of..., ...
例:At first, I was nervous. By the end of the camp, I was confident. 起初我很紧张,到夏令营结束时,我变得自信了。
过去动作描述:
主语 + 实义动词过去式 + 其他.
例:I cooked lunch for myself. 我为自己做了午饭。
核心语法
一般过去时 ——be 动词(was/were)的用法
一般过去时 —— 情态动词 could 的用法
一般过去时 —— 实义动词过去式(规则 / 不规则)的用法
时间逻辑短语(At first... By the end of...)的用法
一般过去时的否定句(实义动词 /be 动词 /could)
考
点
速
记
考点 01
询问某个近处/远处物品是什么的句型
I was four and Chenchen was ten months old.
我四岁,晨晨十个月大。
解析:
· 用一般过去时谈论成长状态。
· am/is 的过去式为 was(单数主语),are 的过去式为 were(复数 / 第二人称主语);否定形式为 wasn’t/weren’t。
拓展:
· 可与时间状语(last year, at first, when I was...)连用,描述过去状态。
· 例:Last year, I was 8. 去年我八岁。
提分练
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. He ______ (be) 8 last year.
2. They ______ (be) at the summer camp yesterday.
3. I ______ (not be) able to swim before.
4. My friends ______ (not be) naughty when they were little.
5. ______ (be) she nervous at first?
考点 02
形容词性物主代词的用法
We could play football together. 我们可以一起踢足球。
解析:
用一般过去时谈论过去的能力。
could 是 can 的过去式,后接动词原形;否定形式为 couldn’t。
拓展:
could 表示 “过去能够”,不表示 “过去许可”;
例:I could read when I was five. 我五岁时就能读书。
提分练
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. She ______ (can) sing well when she was 5.
2. They ______ (not can) speak English two years ago.
3. He ______ (could not) draw, but he ______ (could not) write.
4. I ______ (could not) ride a bike before the camp.
5. We ______ (could) finish the task because we practiced a lot.
考点 03
一般过去时 —— 实义动词过去式(规则 / 不规则)的用法
We cooked lunch for ourselves. 我们为自己做了午饭。
解析:
用一般过去时描述成长中的动作和经历。
① 规则动词过去式:加 – ed
clap→ clapped, cook→ cooked, practice→ practiced, play→ played, help→ helped
② 不规则动词过去式:
learn→ learnt, grow→ grew, win→ won, read→ read, join→ joined, make→ made
拓展:
过去式可与时间状语(last year, yesterday, when I was...)连用,明确动作发生的时间。
提分练
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. She ______ (learn) to cook last month.
2. They ______ (practice) swimming every day.
3. He ______ (win) the race yesterday.
4. We ______ (clap) for the skier.
5. I ______ (join) a summer camp last year.
6. She ______ (help) me with my homework.
考点 04
时间逻辑短语(At first... By the end of...)的用法
At first, I was very nervous and tired. By the end of the camp, I got much better.
起初我非常紧张和疲惫,到夏令营结束时,我好多了。
解析:
描述成长中的变化。
“At first” 接过去初期状态 / 动作,“By the end of + 时间 / 事件” 接过去最终变化,均用一般过去时。
拓展:
可替换为 “At the beginning... In the end...”,表达相同逻辑。
提分练
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. At first, I ______ (be) bad at math. By the end of the term, I ______ (be) good at it.
2. At first, she ______ (not can) dance. By the end of the month, she ______ (dance) well.
3. At first, we ______ (learn) slowly. By the end of the training, we ______ (master) the skill.
4. At first, he ______ (be) shy. By the end of the party, he ______ (talk) with everyone.
5. At first, they ______ (not win) the game. By the end of the year, they ______ (become) champions.
考点 05
一般过去时的否定句(实义动词 /be 动词 /could)
He was not a good player. 他不是一个好球员。
解析:
灵活运用一般过去时表达否定情况:
① be 动词:was/wasn’t; were/weren’t;
② could:could/couldn’t;
③ 实义动词:didn’t + 动词原形。
拓展:
否定句可与时间状语连用,明确否定的时间范围。
提分练
按要求改写句子。
1. He was happy.(否定句)
→ ________________________________
2. They could swim.(否定句)
→ ________________________________
3. She learnt to ride a bike.(否定句)
→ ________________________________
4. We clapped for the skier.(否定句)
→ ________________________________
5. They were at camp.(否定句)
→ ________________________________
参考答案
考点 01 一般过去时 ——be 动词(was/were)的用法
1. was
2. were
3. wasn’t / was not
4. weren’t / were not
5. Was
考点 02 一般过去时 —— 情态动词 could 的用法
1. could
2. couldn’t / could not
3. couldn’t; couldn’t
4. couldn’t / could not
5. could
考点 03 一般过去时 —— 实义动词过去式(规则 / 不规则)的用法
1. learnt / learned
2. practiced / practised
3. won
4. clapped
5. joined
6. helped
考点 04 时间逻辑短语(At first... By the end of...)的用法
1. was; was
2. couldn’t; danced
3. learnt; mastered
4. was; talked
5. didn’t win; became
考点 05 一般过去时的否定句(实义动词 /be 动词 /could)
1. He wasn’t happy. / He was not happy.
2. They couldn’t swim. / They could not swim.
3. She didn’t learn to ride a bike.
4. We didn’t clap for the skier.
5. They weren’t at camp. / They were not at camp.
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