精品解析：山东省菏泽市第二中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月（第一次）月考英语试题

高二级部上学期第一次月考英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5个小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Why does the man want to leave? A．The service is too slow. B．The music is too loud. C．The food is bad. 2．What does the woman do? A．A nurse. B．A teacher. C．A shop assistant. 3．What has the man decided to do? A．Check the schedule. B．Go to see an engineer. C．Continue his talk with Mr. Black. 4．Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．On a bus. B．In a library. C．In a shop. 5．How did the man feel about his jump in the end? A．Terrified. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 6．What are the speakers talking about? A．An accident. B．A restaurant. C．A magazine. 7．Why is The Sunflower closed now? A．It is under repair. B．The workers are on holiday. C．It will move to another town. 8．What do we know about Mr. Bannister? A．He is a new member of the company. B．He worked on a trade deal last year. C．He lacks experience. 9．Who do the speakers think is suitable for the position in the end? A．Amelia. B．Mr. Duncan. C．Mrs. Templeton. 10．What are the speakers doing? A．Cooking. B．Doing shopping. C．Watching TV. 11．What does the man like best? A．Cheese. B．Milk. C．Ice cream. 12．When does the conversation take place? A．At noon. B．In the late afternoon. C．At night. 13．Who gave the woman her first mountain bike? A．Her uncle. B．Her father. C．Her brother. 14．Why did the woman slow down at one point in the Regional Championship? A．The road was full of rocks B．She was too tired to speed up. C．Someone appeared on the road suddenly. 15．What does the woman think is the most important before race? A．Doing sports to keep fit. B．Looking at the route in advance. C．Making sure the bike is in good condition. 16．What does the woman say about the clothes for a race? A．They’re tight. B．They’re pretty. C．They’re comfortable. 17．When does the Business Studies course start? A．On June 5th. B．On June 12th. C．On July 11th. 18．What can the students bring with them during the course? A．Notebook computers. B．Business videos. C．Mobile phones. 19．Where is the Business Studies Department? A．On the left side of the Science Center. B．Next to the staff car park. C．Beside the main entrance to the college. 20．What language classes are provided this summer? A．Japanese and German. B．French and Chinese. C．Italian and Spanish. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA. Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur (鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 1. Who might be a physicist? A. Ada Lovelace. B. Rosalind Franklin. C. Lise Meitner. D. Mary Anning. 2. What made Ada Lovelace famous? A. Her hard work. B. Her great foresight. C. Her competitive spirit. D. Her high intelligence. 3. What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A. She set up genetics. B. She is underestimated. C. She invented the X-ray crystallography. D. She helped her colleagues to acquire data. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几位对科学领域做出了重大贡献的女性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lise Meitner段落中“Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science.(Lise Meitner在核科学方面有了突破性的发现。)”可知，Lise Meitner应该是核物理学家。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ada Lovelace段落中“Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field.(她开创性的洞察力和分析能力使她写出了第一个算法，想象了机器的潜力，不仅仅是计算。Lovelace的远见使她成为该领域的知名先驱。)”可知，是Ada Lovelace的远见使她出名的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Rosalind Franklin段落中“Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and bi ology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues.(Franklin对遗传学和生物学的宝贵贡献值得肯定，因为他们为生命的构成提供了关键的见解，但她的名字往往被她的男性同事所掩盖。)”可知，Rosalind Franklin被低估了。故选B项。 B Do you have that one piece of technology that changes your life for the better? The technology that helped change my life is the camera. Photography is using photos to create art to make something beautiful to create a story. The camera was used to capture moments in history. When it was first invented in the 1800s, Joseph Nic éphore Ni é pce was the first person to take photos to capture the world’s beauty. The camera shows a different view of the world to me by showing the true colors of when and how there will always be the good and bad in the world. It is important to me, because it helps bring back the history of the past. Next thing is that back then the camera helped show art by using photos to create feelings of nostalgia (怀旧) and purpose. If we had no photography then there would be less knowledge about the history of the past. When I was a young girl, my family would take pictures to record the memories whether they were the good or bad. In our family, valuable photos are considered a treasure passed down from one generation to the next. My strong love for photography was from my uncle who was a photographer and I loved looking at his pictures. Later, I take pictures to show a meaning through the photos to follow in his footsteps. We are on a timeline, and photos can help freeze moments on the timeline. Today people are using photos to create a timeline for their future by putting them in a photo album(相册) or posting them on social media, which can help them remember what happened in the past. 4. How did the camera influence the author? A. She developed strong interest in technology. B. She began to express her feelings to others. C. She learned something about the past. D. She passed different views to others. 5. What made the author become interested in taking pictures? A. Her uncle’s influence. B. Her wish to remember good memories C. Her interest in creating art. D. Her dream of becoming a photography 6. Why do people post photos online according to the text? A. To share their daily lives. B. To record moments in life. C. To plan for the future. D. To make photo albums. 7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. How the camera changed my life B. What I have learned from my uncle C. What pictures can bring to people D. How photography influences history 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了相机对作者生活的改变——让作者可以记录生活，帮助作者对过去生活的了解。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It is important to me, because it helps bring back the history of the past. Next thing is that back then the camera helped show art by using photos to create feelings of nostalgia (怀旧) and purpose. If we had no photography then there would be less knowledge about the history of the past.(相机对我来说很重要，因为它有助于回忆过去的历史。接下来是，那时相机通过使用照片来创造怀旧感觉和目的感来帮助展示艺术。如果我们没有摄影，那么对过去的历史的了解就会减少。)”可知，相机能帮助作者了解到过去的事情。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My strong love for photography was from my uncle who was a photographer and I loved looking at his pictures.(我对摄影的强烈热爱来自于我的叔叔，他是一名摄影师，我喜欢看他的照片。)”可知，作者的叔叔对作者的影响使得作者对拍照感兴趣。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Today people are using photos to create a timeline for their future by putting them in a photo album(相册) or posting them on social media, which can help them remember what happened in the past.(今天，人们利用照片为他们的未来创建一个时间表，把他们放在一个相册或在社交媒体上分享，这可以帮助他们记住过去发生的事情。)”可知，人们把照片发布在网上是为了记录生活中的一些时刻，帮助他们记住过去发生的事情。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Do you have that one piece of technology that changes your life for the better? The technology that helped change my life is the camera.(你有没有一项技术让你的生活变得更好？帮助改变我生活的技术是相机。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了相机是如何影响作者生活的。故A项“相机如何改变了我的生活”符合文章标题，故选A。 C What exactly is an audiobook today? Is it a book? Is it a play? Or is it becoming something else entirely? What is clear is that a push for market dominance is driving it into a new trend. Amazon-owned Audible, the market leader, hired the Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions of the Dickens novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, making audiobooks the performing of the plays, and announced last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”. The new Potter audiobooks, it said, would not take over but maintain conventional recordings by Stephen Fry and Jim Dale, which Audible also hosts. To say that audio versions are different does not mean they are worse than printed texts. For people with dyslexia (阅读障碍) or ADHD (多动症), they can be a lifeline — as they can be for those who do not have time, or the habit, of reading books. Commuters, and men between the ages of 25 and 44, have been identified as key drivers of their growing popularity. The good news for those who secretly find audiobooks more accessible, but are embarrassed to admit it, is that brain scans have revealed that they stimulate the same cognitive and emotional parts of the brain. But so would a radio play. Listening to stories, another intriguing piece of research revealed, sets the pulse racing far more than watching them. So while we celebrate what audiobooks have in common with their print versions — both enable the brain to create its own pictures in a world where pre-manufactured images too often do all the work for us — we should also appreciate that they are translations into a different medium, even when read by the authors themselves. What is certain is that there is room for both. 8. What’s the function of Paragraph 1? A. To introduce a scientific study. B. To lead in the topic. C. To describe an experience. D. To give an example. 9. What is the new trend of audiobooks? A. Employing talented performers. B. Using prize-winning novels. C. Replacing traditional recording. D. Making them into plays. 10. What is the benefit of audiobooks? A. They motivate the cognitive-emotional brain. B. They promote relaxation for busy individuals. C. They make reading accessible for the disabled. D They are most likely to decrease the sense of thrill. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards audiobooks? A. Worried. B. Hopeful C. Uncertain. D. Curious. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了迎合市场，有声书显示了向戏剧表演转变的趋势，文章介绍了其好处和发展前景。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“What exactly is an audiobook today? Is it a book? Is it a play? Or is it becoming something else entirely? What is clear is that a push for market dominance is driving it into a new trend.(今天的有声书到底是什么？是一本书吗？是戏剧吗？或者它正在变成完全不同的东西？显而易见的是，对市场主导地位的追求正将其推向一种新趋势。)”和第二段第一句“Amazon-owned Audible, the market leader, hired the Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions of the Dickens novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, making audiobooks the performing of the plays, and announced last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”.(亚马逊旗下的Audible公司聘请奥斯卡获奖导演萨姆•门德斯录制狄更斯小说《雾都孤儿》和《大卫•科波菲尔》的多声部版本，并将有声读物变成戏剧表演。该公司上月宣布，已与JK•罗琳的《哈利•波特》系列达成协议，录制由100多位演员配音的《哈利•波特》系列，采用“突破性的新音景”。)”可知，文章主要是讲关于有声书的话题，第一段的作用是引入主题。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Amazon-owned Audible, the market leader, hired the Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions of the Dickens novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, making audiobooks the performing of the plays, and announced last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”.(亚马逊旗下的Audible公司聘请奥斯卡获奖导演萨姆•门德斯录制狄更斯小说《雾都孤儿》和《大卫•科波菲尔》的多声部版本，并将有声读物变成戏剧表演。该公司上月宣布，已与JK•罗琳的《哈利•波特》系列达成协议，录制由100多位演员配音的《哈利•波特》系列，采用“突破性的新音景”。)”可知，有声书的新趋势是变成戏剧。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The good news for those who secretly find audiobooks more accessible, but are embarrassed to admit it, is that brain scans have revealed that they stimulate the same cognitive and emotional parts of the brain.(对于那些暗自觉得有声书更容易接近，但又不好意思承认的人来说，好消息是，脑部扫描显示，有声书刺激的是大脑中同样的认知和情感部分。)”可知，有声书的好处是它们激发了大脑的认知和情感部分。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“So while we celebrate what audiobooks have in common with their print versions — both enable the brain to create its own pictures in a world where pre-manufactured images too often do all the work for us — we should also appreciate that they are translations into a different medium, even when read by the authors themselves. What is certain is that there is room for both.(因此，当我们庆祝有声书与纸质书的共同之处时——两者都能让大脑在一个预先制作的图像经常为我们做所有工作的世界里创造自己的图像——我们也应该感谢它们被翻译成不同的媒介，即使是由作者自己阅读。可以肯定的是，两者都有发展空间。)”可知，作者对有声读物的态度是充满希望的。故选B。 D Researchers have discovered that limiting a certain enzyme (酶) can have a dramatic impact in protecting against the effects of Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔兹海默症). The finding could lead to a new class of drugs that fight the disease. Much of the historical research into Alzheimer’s disease(AD) has focused on plaques (斑块) that form in the brain, which recently, though, have been found not likely to be the direct cause of it. In seeking another way forward, a group of British researchers turned to an Australian study which showed having the gene for the production of an enzyme known as PDE4B was identified as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s. With the intention of investigating how PDE4B might affect the brain, the UK team genetically modified (改造) mice with Alzheimer’s to reduce PDE4B activity. The results are astonishing. First the mice with Alzheimer’s and normal PDE4B expression showed memory loss in the sense of direction, a distinctive characteristic of AD. But those who had the genetic modification to have less PDE4B activity showed no damage at all. The team also observed that inflammation (炎症), another hallmark of AD, decreased to some extent in the brains of mice with less PDE4B activity, compared to those with more of the enzyme. Because all of these effects were found in the mice that already had Alzheimer’s but had significant improvement in symptoms, the researchers say that further investigation into how to limit PDE4B in human patients with the condition could lead to new treatment pathways. “These results offer real hope for the development of new treatments that will benefit patients with Alzheimer’s disease in the future,” said Neil Dawson, a co- author of the study. “The next stage is to test whetherPDE4B- limiting drugs have similar beneficial effects in the AD mouse model, to test their potential effectiveness in human Alzheimer’s disease.” 12. How did the British researchers get the inspiration? A. By figuring out the direct cause of AD. B. By going over much historical research. C. By referring to a previous Australian study. D. By breaking down PDE4B in the AD mouse. 13. What can be learnt about PDE4B? A. Its activity promotes the sense of direction. B. It might bring about the development of AD. C. It is processed by a certain enzyme in the brain. D. It will be investigated to reduce mice brain activity. 14. What does the underlined word “hallmark” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Cause. B. Feature. C. Principle. D. Finding. 15. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. The future research focus. B. The existing research background. C. The probable research limitation. D. The practical research application. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了限制PDE4B酶对阿尔兹海默症的影响及其研究前景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“a group of British researchers turned to an Australian study which showed having the gene for the production of an enzyme known as PDE4B was identified as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s (一组英国研究人员参考了一项澳大利亚研究，该研究表明，拥有生产一种名为PDE4B的酶的基因被确定为患阿尔兹海默症的风险因素。)”可知，英国研究人员是通过参考之前的澳大利亚研究获得灵感的。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“a group of British researchers turned to an Australian study which showed having the gene for the production of an enzyme known as PDE4B was identified as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s (一组英国研究人员参考了一项澳大利亚研究，该研究表明，拥有生产一种名为PDE4B的酶的基因被确定为患阿尔兹海默症的风险因素。)”可知，PDE4B可能会导致阿尔兹海默症的发展。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“a distinctive characteristic of AD.(阿尔兹海默症一个显著特征)”“The team also observed that inflammation (炎症), another hallmark of AD (研究团队还观察到，炎症——阿尔兹海默症的另一个标志)”可知，hallmark意为“特征”。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“the researchers say that further investigation into how to limit PDE4B in human patients with the condition could lead to new treatment pathways. (研究人员表示，进一步研究如何在患有这种疾病的人类患者中限制PDE4B的活性可能会开辟新的治疗途径。)”可知，文章最后两段内容主要讲述了未来的研究重点。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate? It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. ____16____ However, understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you can help. Scientists have looked at what makes us procrastinate (拖延) and found a number of ways to help us stay focused. ____17____ Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off reminders on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand. ____18____ Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to focus and have looked at what we can change inside our heads to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” ____19____ There are more practical tips toward keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted. ____20____ “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival,” according to Science Focus magazine. A. But distraction isn’t all bad. B. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life. C. Therefore, keeping yourself busy might be one answer. D. Your ability to concentrate well affects how effective you are. E. Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. F. One obvious solution is to get rid of distracting noises or use “white noise”. G. Some people procrastinate because they worry that won’t be able to complete tasks perfectly. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了分心的原因以及如何集中注意力。 【16题详解】 根据下文“However, understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you can help.(然而，了解如何做，知道什么会分散你的注意力会有所帮助)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系，说明保持专注是有一定困难或挑战的。由此可知，B. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life.(在成年生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! (科学焦点》杂志的研究发现，安静最有利于集中注意力，或者柔和的背景嗡嗡声和咖啡馆的噪音也很好！)”可知，此处讲的是安静或一些有益的噪音有利于集中注意力。由此可知，F. One obvious solution is to get rid of distracting noises or use “white noise”. (一个显而易见的解决办法是消除干扰的噪音或使用“白噪音”)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to focus and have looked at what we can change inside our heads to make us concentrate. (心理学家和神经科学家对我们集中注意力的能力越来越感兴趣，并研究了我们可以通过改变大脑内部的什么来使我们集中注意力)”可知，此处讲的是我们可以通过改变大脑内部的什么来使我们集中注意力。由此可知，E. Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training.(另一种治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.”(卡洛琳·威廉姆斯为BBC Future撰写的一篇文章称：“伦敦大学学院的注意力研究员尼利·拉维发现，让一项任务对视觉的要求更高，会占用更多的处理能力，让大脑无法处理分心的事情。”)”可知，此处讲的是让自己忙起来，大脑就无法处理分心的事情了。由此可知，C. Therefore, keeping yourself busy might be one answer.(因此，让自己忙碌起来可能是一个答案)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据下文“If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival (如果我们总是如此专注而从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，比如威胁。分散注意力对生存至关重要)”可知，此处讲的是分心也有一定的好处。由此可知，A. But distraction isn’t all bad. (但分心也不全是坏事)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be ____21____ by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace. But one woman has ____22____ all that. She has lived with chimps (黑猩猩) in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong ____23____ in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall ____24____ going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was ____25____ by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of ____26____ and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily ____27____ it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the ____28____ person he was looking for to begin a ____29____ of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her _____30_____.With a strong _____31_____, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using _____32_____ to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw _____33_____ on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very _____34_____ to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental _____35_____. “Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 21. A. recognised B. known C. accepted D. admitted 22. A. founded B. proved C. achieved D. realised 23. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream 24. A. was fond of B. was tired of C. insisted on D. dreamed of 25. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced 26. A. passion B. youth C. hope D. chances 27. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. considered 28. A. only B. last C. right D. first 29. A. project B. study C. centre D. career 30. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear 31. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind 32. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. spoons 33. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs 34. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful 35. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述珍妮·古道尔投身黑猩猩研究，打破固有认知并推动环保事业的传奇经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更少的人会得到全世界的认可，享有联合国和平使者的称号。A. recognised认可；B. known知道；C. accepted接受；D. admitted承认。根据下文“enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger of Peace”可知此处指获得全球范围的认可。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一位女性做到了这一切。A. founded创立；B. proved证明；C. achieved达成；D. realised意识到。根据上文“Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career”可知，把研究动物作为职业、获得全球认可”以及下文她的经历可知她达成了这些常人难以实现的目标，“achieved”表示“达成目标、完成事业”符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮·古道尔对动物毕生的兴趣在很小的时候就开始了。A. study研究；B.interest兴趣；C.sense感觉；D.dream梦想。根据下文“going to Africa to live with animals”可知，她的这份事业始于幼年的兴趣。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：到十岁或十一岁时古道尔就梦想着去非洲和动物生活在一起。A. was fond of喜欢；B. was tired of厌倦；C. insisted on坚持；D. dreamed of梦想。根据下文“This was quite a strange dream in those days”可知去非洲和动物同住是她儿时的梦想，“dreamed of”表示“梦想做某事”符合语境。故选D项。 25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她得到了母亲的鼓励。A. encouraged鼓励；B. prevented阻止；C. advised建议；D. forced强迫.根据下文“She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard”可知,母亲是鼓励她追求梦想的，“encouraged”符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：母亲告诉她如果她真的想要某样东西就应该努力工作抓住机会并且永远不要放弃寻找方法。A. passion热情；B. youth青春；C. hope希望；D. chances机会。根据上文“work hard”和下文“never give up looking for a way”可知，母亲教导她要努力、抓机会、不放弃，“take advantage of chances”表示“抓住机会”符合语境。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1957年当一位好友邀请古道尔去肯尼亚时她欣然接受了。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. received收到；D. considered考虑。根据下文“Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey”可知，她接受了朋友的邀请。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抵达后几个月内她见到了著名人类学家路易斯·利基博士，这位博士很快认定古道尔正是他要找的那个人选。A. only唯一的；B. last最后的；C. right合适的；D. first第一个。根据下文让她开展黑猩猩研究可知博士认为她是适合这项工作的人选，“right”表示“合适的、恰当的”符合语境。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位博士很快认定古道尔正是他要找的那个人选，让她在坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔开展一项野生黑猩猩的研究。A. project项目；B. study研究；C. centre中心；D. career职业。根据下文“studying the chimps was not easy for her”可知。此处指开展黑猩猩研究工作，“study”表示“研究”符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：一开始研究黑猩猩对她来说并不容易这些动物惊恐地逃离她。A. in surprise惊讶地；B. in a hurry匆忙地；C.as expected正如预料的；D. in fear恐惧地。根据上文“studying the chimps was not easy”可知，黑猩猩一开始对她很警惕会因恐惧而逃跑，“in fear”符合语境。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借着强大的意志她每天都在森林里搜寻，尽量不急于和黑猩猩靠得太近。A. will意志；B. body身体；C. desire渴望；D. mind头脑。根据下文“searched the forest every day”可知，她依靠的是强大的意志，“strong will”表示“强大的意志”符合语境。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1960年10月她观察到一只黑猩猩制作并使用工具钓白蚁。A. nets网；B. tools工具；C. holes洞；D. spoons勺子。根据下文“man was the world’s only toolmaker”可知，这个发现打破了“人类是唯一会制造工具的物种”的观点，因此此处指黑猩猩使用工具，“tools”符合语境。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个发现让当时流行的“人类是世界上唯一的工具制造者”的观点受到了质疑。A. doubt怀疑；B. light光线；C. questions问题；D. beliefs信念。根据上文“In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using _____to fish for termites (白蚁).”可知，黑猩猩会制作使用工具的发现使“人类是世界上唯一的工具制造者”的观点受到了质疑”这一观点被质疑，“throw doubt on”是固定搭配表示“对……产生怀疑”符合语境。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：古道尔的研究持续得越久就越能明显发现黑猩猩与人类非常相似。A. close亲密的；B. similar相似的；C. friendly友好的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文黑猩猩会制造工具的发现可知，这体现了黑猩猩和人类的相似之处，“similar to”表示“与……相似”符合语境。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来古道尔一直在世界各地演讲，以提高人们的环境保护意识。A. improvement改善；B. protection保护；C. pollution污染；D. destruction破坏。根据下文“respect for all living things”可知，她倡导尊重所有生物，目的是提升人们的环保意识，“environmental protection”表示“环境保护”符合语境。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 单词拼写 36. ______ (评估) the data accurately is vital for valid conclusions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Evaluating 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：准确评估数据对于得出有效结论至关重要。“评估”为“evaluate”，本句为动名词作主语，首字母大写。故填Evaluating。 37. His ______ (分析) of the problem provided unexpected solutions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】analysis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对这个问题的分析提供了出人意料的解决方案。根据汉语提示“分析”，对应的英文名词是analysis；在句中作主语。故填analysis。 38. Tu Youyou’s c______ to medical research saved millions of lives. (奉献) (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】commitment##ommitment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：屠呦呦对医学研究的奉献拯救了数以百万计的生命。该空需要一个名词作主语，根据汉语提示及首字母c可知，名词commitment意为“奉献”，符合题意，这是一个不可数名词。故填commitment。 39. The river ______ (流动) into Lake Jingpo, and then continues north. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】flows 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这条河流入镜泊湖，然后继续向北流。根据汉语提示“流动”，对应的英文动词是flow；根据continues可知，句子使用一般现在时描述客观事实，句子主语The river为单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填flows。 40. I ______ (偶遇) many hikers who headed for a distant campground with just enough time to get there before dark. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】encountered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我偶遇了许多徒步旅行者，他们要前往一个遥远的露营地，且刚好有足够时间在天黑前到达那里。根据汉语提示“偶遇”，应用动词encounter，由headed可知，动作发生在过去，句子用一般过去时。故填encountered。 41. Only if you make efforts to fulfill the task can you be ________ (承认) to be excellent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recognized 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：只有你努力完成任务，你才能被承认是优秀的。根据汉语提示“承认”可知，空处需用动词recognize，结合句意和空前be可知，空处需用过去分词构成被动语态，表示“被承认”。 故填recognized。 42. I will not be ______ (有空的) this afternoon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】available 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：今天下午我没空。“有空的”是形容词available，在句中作表语。故填available。 43. I think it may take sometime before we can have an ________ (精确的) assessment of the damage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accurate 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想我们可能需要一段时间才能对损失作出准确的评估。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词accurate“精确的”作定语修饰assessment，满足句意要求。故填accurate。 44. The latest scientific research shows that tears help to protect the eye from ______ (潜地) harmful foreign bodies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】potentially 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：最新的科学研究表明，眼泪有助于保护眼睛免受潜在有害异物的侵害。修饰形容词harmful，用副词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，表示“潜在地”英文为potentially。故填potentially。 45. In the a______ (缺乏) of sleep, he couldn’t have the concentration to read the articles through to their conclusion. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】absence##bsence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于缺乏睡眠，他根本无法集中精力将这些文章读完并得出结论。根据中英文提示可知，空处用名词absence，作介词in的宾语。故填absence。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校正在组织主题为 “A person I admire” 的英语作文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物简介： 2.钦佩原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 A person I admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A person I admire When it comes to the person I admire most, I can’t help thinking of Fan Jinshi who is an archaeologist and a guard of Dunhuang. After graduating from Peking University, Fan Jinshi chose to work in Mogao Caves, Dunhuang, which lies deep in the Gobi Desert. The living environment was terrible. She was deeply attracted by the works of art and desired to protect them for the future generations. She and her team overcame difficulties, explored scientific concepts and built a “digital Dunhuang”, which has balanced the relationship between cultural relics protection and tourism. Fan Jinshi is called the daughter of Dunhuang. She deserves the respect of all at home and abroad. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生参加作文比赛，介绍一个自己敬佩的人。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 糟糕的：terrible→bad 渴望：desire→wish 困难：difficulty→trouble 探索：explore→search 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：The living environment was terrible. She was deeply attracted by the works of art and desired to protect them for the future generations. 拓展句：Although the living environment was terrible, she was deeply attracted by the works of art and desired to protect them for the future generations. 【点睛】[高分句型1]When it comes to the person I admire most, I can’t help thinking of Fan Jinshi who is an archaeologist and a guard of Dunhuang.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句；还运用了who引导的从句) [高分句型2]She and her team overcame difficulties, explored scientific concepts and built a “digital Dunhuang”, which has balanced the relationship between cultural relics protection and tourism. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the first week of Lily’s middle school. The bell’s ringing brought her out of her daydreaming. She nervously gathered her books, preparing to reach another classroom for the next new class. Lily followed the other kids and rushed into the hallway. Others walked in groups, chatted, and laughed, using the break to socialize. Lily, instead, walked alone along the wall of the hallway, with her head down. She was a shy girl, afraid to speak in front of other kids, and didn’t think others would like her. Lily finally sat in Mr. Johnson’s Language Arts class nervously. “Welcome to Language Arts,” said Mr. Johnson. He told jokes as he talked about English. Lily forgot to daydream and laughed along with the rest of the class. “We’ll have some fun with language,” he said. “Just wait and see.” Fun was far beyond what Lily desired. She just wanted to be like other kids—running with friends in the hallway, laughing and joking between classes. Reminded of her pimply (长粉刺的) face, she felt hopeless and disappointed. “Take out a piece of paper,” the teacher continued, when pointing at words on the blackboard. “Write for the next thirty minutes on this topic.” Lily began writing crazily as idea after idea fought for recognition in her head. The final result was a short story about a beautiful beach house. As she wrote, she could smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet. For just a moment, she forgot where she was. She was lost in the story. “OK, pass your papers forward,” said the teacher. “Let’s see what we have.” For the rest of the class time, the teacher read each individual work aloud. Lily originally thought it would be awkward. However, she was gradually attracted by the excitement in the teacher’s voice. “He’s actually enjoying this,” she thought. When the class would be soon over, there were still fifteen students’ papers not read, including Lily’s paper. Then, Mr. Johnson announced his decision, asking these students to read their work themselves in front of the class next class. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After Lily finished her reading, the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version： A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. Lily was nervous with her head down. After other students finished reading the papers one by one, finally, it was Lily’s turn. Frozen with fear, Lily stood in front of the class, with her hands holding her paper, shaking. Seeing it, Mr. Johnson told a funny joke, which made all laugh. Feeling more relaxed, Lily began reading. She was so focused that she felt she was alone. She didn’t notice that her story soon attracted all her classmates who sat up straight, without any chatting. They were lost in her fantastic story. After Lily finished her reading, the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time. Lily was shocked. When she raised her head, she found everyone staring at her excitedly. Lily finally smiled. She found everyone in the class responded to her story positively. After that class, Lily slowly lifted her head while walking. Later, she kept writing. And she began speaking in front of people and enjoyed it. A braver and more confident girl appeared. And she was grateful to Mr. Johnson who believed in every student. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了莉莉上中学的第一周非常紧张，害怕在其他孩子面前说话，也不认为别人会喜欢她。在语言艺术课上，莉莉写了一篇作文，被老师要求在下节课当着全班同学的面朗读自己的作业。莉莉最后克服了紧张，阅读了自己的文章，得到了大家的认可，莉莉也有了自信。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一周后，下课铃响了，语言艺术课又开始了”可知，第一段可描写莉莉在课上朗读作文的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“莉莉念完后，同学们的掌声持续了很长时间”可知，第二段可描写莉莉得到了同学的认可，获得了自信。 2.续写线索：开始上课——紧张——老师开玩笑——感觉轻松——朗读——鼓掌——获得自信 3.词汇激活 行为类 结束：finish/complete 抬起：raise/lift 注意到：notice /take notice of 情绪类 感谢的：grateful /thankful 轻松的：relaxed /relieved 【点睛】[高分句型1] Frozen with fear, Lily stood in front of the class, with her hands holding her paper, shaking. (运用了with的复合结构) [高分句型2] Seeing it, Mr. Johnson told a funny joke, which made all laugh. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二级部上学期第一次月考英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5个小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Why does the man want to leave? A．The service is too slow. B．The music is too loud. C．The food is bad. 2．What does the woman do? A．A nurse. B．A teacher. C．A shop assistant. 3．What has the man decided to do? A．Check the schedule. B．Go to see an engineer. C．Continue his talk with Mr. Black. 4．Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．On a bus. B．In a library. C．In a shop. 5．How did the man feel about his jump in the end? A．Terrified. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 6．What are the speakers talking about? A．An accident. B．A restaurant. C．A magazine. 7．Why is The Sunflower closed now? A．It is under repair. B．The workers are on holiday. C．It will move to another town. 8．What do we know about Mr. Bannister? A．He is a new member of the company. B．He worked on a trade deal last year. C．He lacks experience. 9．Who do the speakers think is suitable for the position in the end? A．Amelia. B．Mr. Duncan. C．Mrs. Templeton. 10．What are the speakers doing? A．Cooking. B．Doing shopping. C．Watching TV. 11．What does the man like best? A．Cheese. B．Milk. C．Ice cream. 12．When does the conversation take place? A．At noon. B．In the late afternoon. C．At night. 13．Who gave the woman her first mountain bike? A．Her uncle. B．Her father. C．Her brother. 14．Why did the woman slow down at one point in the Regional Championship? A．The road was full of rocks. B．She was too tired to speed up. C．Someone appeared on the road suddenly. 15．What does the woman think is the most important before race? A．Doing sports to keep fit. B．Looking at the route in advance. C．Making sure the bike is in good condition. 16．What does the woman say about the clothes for a race? A．They’re tight. B．They’re pretty. C．They’re comfortable. 17．When does the Business Studies course start? A．On June 5th B．On June 12th. C．On July 11th. 18．What can the students bring with them during the course? A．Notebook computers. B．Business videos. C．Mobile phones. 19．Where is the Business Studies Department? A．On the left side of the Science Center. B．Next to the staff car park. C．Beside the main entrance to the college. 20．What language classes are provided this summer? A．Japanese and German. B．French and Chinese. C．Italian and Spanish. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA. Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur (鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 1. Who might be a physicist? A. Ada Lovelace. B. Rosalind Franklin. C. Lise Meitner. D. Mary Anning. 2. What made Ada Lovelace famous? A. Her hard work. B. Her great foresight. C. Her competitive spirit. D. Her high intelligence. 3. What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A. She set up genetics. B. She is underestimated. C. She invented the X-ray crystallography. D. She helped her colleagues to acquire data. B Do you have that one piece of technology that changes your life for the better? The technology that helped change my life is the camera. Photography is using photos to create art to make something beautiful to create a story. The camera was used to capture moments in history. When it was first invented in the 1800s, Joseph Nic éphore Ni é pce was the first person to take photos to capture the world’s beauty. The camera shows a different view of the world to me by showing the true colors of when and how there will always be the good and bad in the world. It is important to me, because it helps bring back the history of the past. Next thing is that back then the camera helped show art by using photos to create feelings of nostalgia (怀旧) and purpose. If we had no photography then there would be less knowledge about the history of the past. When I was a young girl, my family would take pictures to record the memories whether they were the good or bad. In our family, valuable photos are considered a treasure passed down from one generation to the next. My strong love for photography was from my uncle who was a photographer and I loved looking at his pictures. Later, I take pictures to show a meaning through the photos to follow in his footsteps. We are on a timeline, and photos can help freeze moments on the timeline. Today people are using photos to create a timeline for their future by putting them in a photo album(相册) or posting them on social media, which can help them remember what happened in the past. 4. How did the camera influence the author? A. She developed strong interest in technology. B. She began to express her feelings to others. C. She learned something about the past. D. She passed different views to others. 5. What made the author become interested in taking pictures? A. Her uncle’s influence. B. Her wish to remember good memories C. Her interest in creating art. D. Her dream of becoming a photography 6 Why do people post photos online according to the text? A. To share their daily lives. B. To record moments in life. C. To plan for the future. D. To make photo albums. 7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. How the camera changed my life B. What I have learned from my uncle C. What pictures can bring to people D. How photography influences history C What exactly is an audiobook today? Is it a book? Is it a play? Or is it becoming something else entirely? What is clear is that a push for market dominance is driving it into a new trend. Amazon-owned Audible, the market leader, hired the Oscar-winning director Sam Mendes to record multi-voice versions of the Dickens novels Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, making audiobooks the performing of the plays, and announced last month that it had reached an agreement for a recording of JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series, voiced by more than 100 actors and featuring a “groundbreaking new soundscape”. The new Potter audiobooks, it said, would not take over but maintain conventional recordings by Stephen Fry and Jim Dale, which Audible also hosts. To say that audio versions are different does not mean they are worse than printed texts. For people with dyslexia (阅读障碍) or ADHD (多动症), they can be a lifeline — as they can be for those who do not have time, or the habit, of reading books. Commuters, and men between the ages of 25 and 44, have been identified as key drivers of their growing popularity. The good news for those who secretly find audiobooks more accessible, but are embarrassed to admit it, is that brain scans have revealed that they stimulate the same cognitive and emotional parts of the brain. But so would a radio play. Listening to stories, another intriguing piece of research revealed, sets the pulse racing far more than watching them. So while we celebrate what audiobooks have in common with their print versions — both enable the brain to create its own pictures in a world where pre-manufactured images too often do all the work for us — we should also appreciate that they are translations into a different medium, even when read by the authors themselves. What is certain is that there is room for both. 8 What’s the function of Paragraph 1? A. To introduce a scientific study. B. To lead in the topic. C. To describe an experience. D. To give an example. 9. What is the new trend of audiobooks? A. Employing talented performers. B. Using prize-winning novels. C. Replacing traditional recording. D. Making them into plays. 10. What is the benefit of audiobooks? A. They motivate the cognitive-emotional brain. B. They promote relaxation for busy individuals. C. They make reading accessible for the disabled. D. They are most likely to decrease the sense of thrill. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards audiobooks? A. Worried. B. Hopeful C. Uncertain. D. Curious. D Researchers have discovered that limiting a certain enzyme (酶) can have a dramatic impact in protecting against the effects of Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔兹海默症). The finding could lead to a new class of drugs that fight the disease. Much of the historical research into Alzheimer’s disease(AD) has focused on plaques (斑块) that form in the brain, which recently, though, have been found not likely to be the direct cause of it. In seeking another way forward, a group of British researchers turned to an Australian study which showed having the gene for the production of an enzyme known as PDE4B was identified as a risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s. With the intention of investigating how PDE4B might affect the brain, the UK team genetically modified (改造) mice with Alzheimer’s to reduce PDE4B activity. The results are astonishing. First, the mice with Alzheimer’s and normal PDE4B expression showed memory loss in the sense of direction, a distinctive characteristic of AD. But those who had the genetic modification to have less PDE4B activity showed no damage at all. The team also observed that inflammation (炎症), another hallmark of AD, decreased to some extent in the brains of mice with less PDE4B activity, compared to those with more of the enzyme. Because all of these effects were found in the mice that already had Alzheimer’s but had significant improvement in symptoms, the researchers say that further investigation into how to limit PDE4B in human patients with the condition could lead to new treatment pathways. “These results offer real hope for the development of new treatments that will benefit patients with Alzheimer’s disease in the future,” said Neil Dawson, a co- author of the study. “The next stage is to test whetherPDE4B- limiting drugs have similar beneficial effects in the AD mouse model, to test their potential effectiveness in human Alzheimer’s disease.” 12. How did the British researchers get the inspiration? A. By figuring out the direct cause of AD. B. By going over much historical research. C. By referring to a previous Australian study. D. By breaking down PDE4B in the AD mouse. 13. What can be learnt about PDE4B? A. Its activity promotes the sense of direction. B. It might bring about the development of AD. C. It is processed by a certain enzyme in the brain. D. It will be investigated to reduce mice brain activity. 14. What does the underlined word “hallmark” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Cause. B. Feature. C. Principle. D. Finding. 15. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about? A. The future research focus. B. The existing research background. C. The probable research limitation. D. The practical research application. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate? It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. ____16____ However, understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you can help. Scientists have looked at what makes us procrastinate (拖延) and found a number of ways to help us stay focused. ____17____ Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off reminders on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand. ____18____ Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to focus and have looked at what we can change inside our heads to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” ____19____ There are more practical tips toward keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted. ____20____ “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival,” according to Science Focus magazine. A. But distraction isn’t all bad. B. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life. C. Therefore, keeping yourself busy might be one answer. D. Your ability to concentrate well affects how effective you are. E. Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. F. One obvious solution is to get rid of distracting noises or use “white noise”. G. Some people procrastinate because they worry that won’t be able to complete tasks perfectly. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be ____21____ by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace. But one woman has ____22____ all that. She has lived with chimps (黑猩猩) in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong ____23____ in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall ____24____ going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was ____25____ by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of ____26____ and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily ____27____ it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the ____28____ person he was looking for to begin a ____29____ of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her _____30_____.With a strong _____31_____, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using _____32_____ to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw _____33_____ on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very _____34_____ to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental _____35_____. “Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 21. A. recognised B. known C. accepted D. admitted 22. A. founded B. proved C. achieved D. realised 23. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream 24. A. was fond of B. was tired of C. insisted on D. dreamed of 25. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced 26. A. passion B. youth C. hope D. chances 27. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. considered 28. A. only B. last C. right D. first 29. A. project B. study C. centre D. career 30. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear 31. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind 32. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. spoons 33. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs 34. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful 35. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 单词拼写 36. ______ (评估) the data accurately is vital for valid conclusions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 37. His ______ (分析) of the problem provided unexpected solutions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 38. Tu Youyou’s c______ to medical research saved millions of lives. (奉献) (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 39. The river ______ (流动) into Lake Jingpo, and then continues north. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 40. I ______ (偶遇) many hikers who headed for a distant campground with just enough time to get there before dark. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. Only if you make efforts to fulfill the task can you be ________ (承认) to be excellent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42. I will not be ______ (有空) this afternoon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. I think it may take sometime before we can have an ________ (精确的) assessment of the damage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. The latest scientific research shows that tears help to protect the eye from ______ (潜在地) harmful foreign bodies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. In the a______ (缺乏) of sleep, he couldn’t have the concentration to read the articles through to their conclusion. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校正在组织主题为 “A person I admire” 的英语作文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物简介： 2.钦佩原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式答题卡相应位置作答。 A person I admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the first week of Lily’s middle school. The bell’s ringing brought her out of her daydreaming. She nervously gathered her books, preparing to reach another classroom for the next new class. Lily followed the other kids and rushed into the hallway. Others walked in groups, chatted, and laughed, using the break to socialize. Lily, instead, walked alone along the wall of the hallway, with her head down. She was a shy girl, afraid to speak in front of other kids, and didn’t think others would like her. Lily finally sat in Mr. Johnson’s Language Arts class nervously. “Welcome to Language Arts,” said Mr. Johnson. He told jokes as he talked about English. Lily forgot to daydream and laughed along with the rest of the class. “We’ll have some fun with language,” he said. “Just wait and see.” Fun was far beyond what Lily desired. She just wanted to be like other kids—running with friends in the hallway, laughing and joking between classes. Reminded of her pimply (长粉刺的) face, she felt hopeless and disappointed. “Take out a piece of paper,” the teacher continued, when pointing at words on the blackboard. “Write for the next thirty minutes on this topic.” Lily began writing crazily as idea after idea fought for recognition in her head. The final result was a short story about a beautiful beach house. As she wrote, she could smell the salty air, hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet. For just a moment, she forgot where she was. She was lost in the story. “OK, pass your papers forward,” said the teacher. “Let’s see what we have.” For the rest of the class time, the teacher read each individual work aloud. Lily originally thought it would be awkward. However, she was gradually attracted by the excitement in the teacher’s voice. “He’s actually enjoying this,” she thought. When the class would be soon over, there were still fifteen students’ papers not read, including Lily’s paper. Then, Mr. Johnson announced his decision, asking these students to read their work themselves in front of the class next class. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: A week later, the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After Lily finished her reading, the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $