PART Ⅰ 专题1 第1讲 秒题策略-【金版教程】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT

WELCOME UNIT PART　Ⅰ　阅读篇 专题一　阅读（四选一） 一、阅读题的重要性 1．分值占比突出：阅读题(不含七选五)分值为37.5分，占比最大，是拉开分数差距的关键题型。 2．能力综合考查：不仅考查词汇、语法等基础，更侧重逻辑推理、信息抓取、长难句分析等综合能力，是英语应用能力的直接体现。 3．备考风向标：阅读能力的提升能带动完形填空、语法填空等其他题型的理解，是二轮复习的“重头戏”。 二、关键提醒 1．二轮复习需“质”“量”结合：刷题不在多，而在精，每篇阅读做完后需通读全文，梳理生词和长难句，理解命题逻辑。 2．关注时事热点：高考阅读常取材于近年科技、社会话题。 阅读题完全可以成为二轮复习中的“提分利器”，关键在于用对方法、坚持复盘！ 年份 卷别 体裁 细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意 2025 全国一卷 应用文·记叙文·议论文·说明文 7 6 1 1 全国二卷 应用文·记叙文·说明文·说明文 7 5 1 2 浙江高考1月 应用文·说明文·说明文·说明文 7 5 1 2 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 应用文·记叙文·议论文·说明文 8 5 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 应用文·新闻报道·说明文·书评 9 4 1 1 全国甲卷 应用文·说明文·说明文·说明文 7 6 1 1 浙江高考1月 应用文·记叙文·说明文·说明文 8 5 1 1 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 应用文·记叙文·说明文·说明文 7 6 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 应用文·记叙文·说明文·说明文 7 6 1 1 全国甲卷 应用文·记叙文·说明文·说明文 9 5 1 0 全国乙卷 应用文·记叙文·说明文·议论文 5 8 1 1 浙江高考1月 应用文·记叙文·说明文·说明文 7 4 2 2 考查 词汇量、阅读速度、思维分析、心理承受能力，四位一体。 体裁 书信/非书信类应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文等。 题材 人物、故事、社会、文化、政治、经济、科普、新闻和广告等。 选材 具有鲜明的时代感、丰富多样的题材、灵活多样的形式和浓厚的原汁原味性，体现现代英语的特点，增加内容的复杂程度和长难句，反映现代科学及现实生活中的新发展、新变化。 语篇 每篇300词左右；常规A篇为应用文，B篇为记叙文，C、D篇为说明文；难度依次升级，C、D篇较难。 设题 常规细节理解题7个、推理判断题6个、词句猜测题1个、主旨大意题1个。 1．词汇量不足，对一词多义、词性活用的关注和积累比较少，阅读量和阅读能力欠缺。 2．缺乏语篇主体结构意识，逻辑关系分析能力不足。 3．缺乏长难句的分析能力：语法知识掌握不扎实，即使在原文中定位到信息，也难以分析长难句。 4．缺乏相关主题的文化背景知识。 1．学会运用3，500个左右的单词、400～500个合成词与派生词，以及400～500个习惯用语或固定搭配。 2．除教材外，课外阅读量应累积达到长度300词左右的文段1，000篇。 3．阅读速度达到每分钟70～80词。 4．四篇阅读题在25分钟内完成。 七大策略 1.抓关键信息；2.跳过人名地名；3.提取主干；4.正向思维；5.关注替换与转换；6.利用衔接词；7．做好标记 四大题型 1.细节理解题；2.推理判断题；3.词句猜测题；4.主旨大意题 三维视角 1.从A篇看；2.从B篇看；3.从C、D篇看 WELCOME UNIT 第一讲　秒题策略 近几年真题中，语篇阅读越来越多地融入词语活用、派生词、合成词、长难句等，这些通常会给阅读造成一定的理解障碍。正因如此，我们更要抓住这类题的解题共性，直接秒杀一众。秒题须有道，以下是秒题的核心共性策略，又快又准，一眼识题，轻松拿捏。 策略1　快速浏览，抓关键信息 (1)不可逐词逐句读，这样读虽然不会产生遗漏，但会造成阅读理解时间不够。 (2)按意群读，意群是指句子中按意思和结构划分出的各个成分，每一个成分即一个意群。同一意群中的词关系紧密，不能随意拆分，否则就会引起误解。 (3)划分意群时，可以根据意思和句子成分进行，如主谓、动宾结构、介词短语、固定搭配等。常用口诀：主谓宾状分清楚，固定搭配聚一起。不同成分断开来，主从连词要分清。 [真题指路]　(2025·全国一卷) Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”(用斜线划出意群) 答案： Describing her alarm/at its proposed replacement/with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长)/to champion “New York/as a decent place/to live, and not just rush through.”译文：简·雅各布斯在描述她对用高速公路取代原有设施的担忧时，呼吁市长倡导“纽约应是一个适宜居住之地，而不只是(让人们)匆匆路过。” 策略2　跳过人名地名　　 如果发现很多以大写字母开头的生词或者一连串的斜体单词，我们可以快速跳过，只需判定生词是哪类事物即可，比如人名、地名、作品名(常用斜体)、报刊名(常用斜体)、物种名、机构组织名等，无需弄明白其具体所指。这些单词一般不会影响我们对文章大意的理解。 [真题指路]　(2023·全国乙卷) James Barry (C.1789-1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.(标出文中专有名词) 答案: James Barry; Margaret Bulkley; Ireland; Edinburgh University; British Army。 译文：某人(James Barry) (1789～1865)出生于某地(Ireland)，本名为(Margaret Bulkley)，但她打扮成男人的样子，被某大学(Edinburgh University)录取学习医学。1813年，她取得了外科医生的资格，随后加入某组织(British Army)，在海外服役。Barry在1859年退休，她的整个行医生涯都是以男性身份生活和工作的。根据上下文直接将句中首字母大写的生词或一连串的斜体单词转换为“某人”“某地”“某个组织”“某部作品”等，提取关键信息，加快阅读速度。 策略3　关注动词，提取主干 锁定句子的谓语动词，去掉各种非核心成分(插入语、定语等)，只保留句子的主干。 [真题指路]　(2024·浙江高考1月) A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information­poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 34．What does the author suggest readers do? A．Absorb new information readily. B．Be selective information consumers. C．Use diverse information sources. D．Protect the information environment. 策略4　正向思维，锁定答案 语篇阅读类文章的选材不但具有广泛性，还涉及了时代性、真实性和思想性等方面，体现了思想上的引导和教育意义。做题时需尽量准确把握命题人的选材意图和文章的写作意图；一些积极的、正能量的、与观点呼应的选项往往是正确答案。 [真题指路]　(2022·全国甲卷) 30．What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey? A．It could be a home for her. B．It should be easily accessible. C．It should be well preserved. D．It needs to be fully introduced. 解析：对比四个选项：A项(这可能成为她的一个家。)，B项(它应该很容易到达。)，C项(它应该被好好地保护。)，D项(它需要被全面介绍。)可知，C项具备正向、积极的价值观，和时下的素质教育相吻合。故选C。 22 策略5　关注替换与转换 文本写作中常常将前面提到的内容使用不同的表达来替(转)换(必须要原词复现除外)，这样既丰富了文笔，又准确地表达了文意和情感。通过“换句话说”重新建构意义相同的新句子，来考查对语篇阅读的理解和思维判断能力。 (1)同义替换 同义替换是指在阅读材料中，某个词汇、短语或句子的意思在其他地方以不同的形式表达出来。这种替换可以是词汇层面的(如近义词替换)、句子结构层面的(如简单句与复合句的转换)，或者是语义层面的(如用不同的句式表达相同的意思)。 [真题指路1]　(2025·北京高考) Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities.Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. 25．The author chose fewer AP classes because of ________． A．her own understanding of success B．her desire for academic challenges C．her strong urge to follow the crowd D．her dream of entering a top university 24 解析：根据“Determined to follow ... I knew I would enjoy.”可知，作者选择较少的AP课程是因为她自己对成功的理解。“her own understanding of success”是“my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means”的同义替换。故选A。 25 [真题指路2]　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 29．What information does the convenient app offer? A．Real-time weather changes. B．Current condition of the plants. C．Chemical pollutants in the soil. D．Availability of pre-seeded pods. 解析：根据题干中的convenient app 定位到该段，由该段中的“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物实时的生长数据。B项中的 Current 是文中 real time的同义替换，condition of the plants指文中的growing data。故选B。 27 [真题指路3]　(2023· 新课标Ⅰ卷) The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. 28．What is the book aimed at? A．Teaching critical thinking skills. B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C．Solving philosophical problems. D．Promoting the use of a digital device. 28 解析：题干中的“is the book aimed at”是文中“The goal of this book is”的同义替换，说明答案就在此句中。根据该句中的“to make the case for digital minimalism (为极简数字主义提供理由)”可知，B项(倡导简单的数字生活方式。)是这本书的目的。故选B。 29 [真题指路4]　(2023·全国甲卷) Nahm Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. Issaya Siamese Club Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant. 21．What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common? A．They adopt modern cooking methods. B．They have branches in London. C．They have top-class chefs. D．They are based in hotels. 解析：根据Nahm部分“Head Chef David Thompson ... in 2010.”以及Issaya Siamese Club部分“Issaya Siamese Club ... flagship Bangkok restaurant.”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是它们都有一流的厨师；其中top­class替换Michelin star和internationally known。故选C。 31 [真题指路5]　(2023· 新课标Ⅱ卷) Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. 24．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker. B．She grew up in a low-income family. C．She owns a fast food restaurant. D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 解析：根据“Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts”可知，Abby Jaramillo (艾比·哈拉米略)和另一位老师发起了Urban Sprouts项目，即她是Urban Sprouts项目的发起者之一。D项中的initiator “发起人，创始人”与原文中的started是同义替换。故选D。 33 (2)反义替换 除了使用同义词和近义词进行语义替换之外，反义词或“否定词＋反义词”也是常用技巧，通常表现为正话反说。 [真题指路6]　(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Guidelines •Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times. •Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum. •Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits. •Use your indoor voice when at the Museum. 23．What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum? A．Using the computer. B．Talking with each other. C．Touching the exhibits. D．Exploring the place alone. 解析：题干中主语为children，地点是Museum，动词短语sb be prohibited from doing sth “某人被禁止做某事”对应文中的“are not allowed unaccompanied(不允许在没有陪同的情况下)”，其中allow被反义替换为prohibit, unaccompanied被同义替换为alone。故选D。 35 (3)简化及合并替换 在语言表述中，作为定语的修饰语可以采用后置限定，这种修饰方式一般包括了多个单词，而设题时往往采用更加简洁的修饰方式，采用前置限定。 [真题指路7]　(2022·全国乙卷) Schools and Colleges A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full­time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers. 36 23．How can full­time students get group discounts? A．They should go on Sunday mornings. B．They should come from art schools. C．They must be led by teachers. D．They must have ID cards with them. 解析：题干中信息词full­time students对应了文中的“all in full­time education”，题干中使用了前置修饰；A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person被简化为discounts；in organised groups with teachers是获得团体折扣的条件。故选C。 37 (4)句子转换 题目受题干和选项的词数限制，往往会对语篇中的长句进行缩句或简化处理，为了考查对句法知识的掌握以及语篇的理解，设题时还会采取“换一句话”的替换方式，如用被动语态表述句子。 [真题指路8]　(2022·全国甲卷) St David's Hall St David's Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff's entertainment centre. With an impressive 2，000－seat concert hall, St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music. 38 21．Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted? A．At the New Theatre. B．At the Glee Club. C．At Sherman Cymru. D．At St David's Hall. 解析：本题题干使用了被动表述，对应文中的目标句“St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff”，把原来的宾语Welsh Proms Cardiff替换成了题干中的主语。故选D。 39 策略6　　利用衔接词，理清逻辑 关注段与段、句子与句子之间的衔接词，这些衔接词前后传递的信息通常是有用的，常常隐藏着答案或能推导出答案。常见的衔接词有： (1)表转折：but, however, nevertheless, while, though等。 (2)表列举：such as, for example, for instance等。 (3)表罗列：first, second, third, finally, to begin with, to conclude等。 (4)表结果：so, therefore, thus, consequently, as a result等。 (5)表对比：on the contrary, by contrast, in comparison等。 (6)表目的：so that, in order that等。 (7)表递进：also, besides, moreover, furthermore, what's more, in addition, apart from等。 (8)表条件：if, unless, provided that等。 (9)表重述：that is, that is to say, in other words等。 (10)表类比：similarly, like, also, just as, as well等。 [真题指路1]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 35．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. 解析：文中表示目的的衔接词“so that”标志着此处要出现作者想要达到的目的或想要传达的观点，结合“And for that ... interact with it(要实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动)”可知，Peter Kahn (彼得·卡恩)认为在我们与大自然互动之前应该先保护自然。故选B。 42 [真题指路2]　(2020·北京高考) Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self­driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change. 43 42．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Enormous in quantity. B．Changeable daily. C．Stable in quality. D．Present everywhere. 解析：根据画线词后的“For example”可知，下文是对画线词所在句的举例：算法在我们的金融市场进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在城市的街道上，智能手机实现不同语言间的翻译等。这些例子都是人工智能被广泛应用到生活中不同领域的体现，由此可推知，画线词表示“无处不在”。故选D。 44 [真题指路3]　(2023·浙江高考1月) What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. 45 30．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A．Create rules. B．Comprehend meaning. C．Talk fluently. D．Identify difficult words. 解析：根据“But it does not specify ... meaning is irrelevant.”可知，连词But体现后文与前文内容的转折，说明Project Debater无法理解意义。故选B。 46 [真题指路4]　(2023·全国甲卷) Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.” 47 26．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A．By making it look like before. B．By furnishing it herself. C．By splitting the rent with a roommate. D．By cancelling the rental agreement. 解析：根据“So, it's been useful ... when I've moved out.”可知，Terri (泰瑞)通过修补墙面破洞以及重新粉刷房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金。表示结果的词So后为答案所在处。故选A。 48 [真题指路5]　(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. 49 13．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons. C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons. 解析：画线词所在句的上半句“And contrary to ... who order large portions (份)”提出，你的做法应与现有的研究——避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭——相反；下半句则提出，你真正应该避免的是the beanpoles with big appetites。根据标志着对比关系的contrary to可推知，画线词与heavier people形成对比。故选D。 50 [真题指路6]　(2023·全国乙卷) We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. 26．What can we infer from the author's trip with friends to Devil's Lake? A．They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B．They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C．They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D．They had problems with their equipment. 51 解析：根据“However, we did not ... missing the sunset entirely.(然而，我们没有标记路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落。)”可推知，在恶魔湖之旅中，作者和朋友到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。转折词However后为答案所在处。故选C。 52 策略7　　做好标记，便于查找 阅读时，做好以下几处标记，可以为解题节省时间： ①给段落标序号，回看方便查找 ②标记重要的句子(各段中心句) ③标记关键词 ④标记说明顺序的过渡词 ⑤标记重要概念句 ⑥标记解说性语句 53 [真题指路]　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful.” 26．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable. C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable. 54 解析：应首先标记段落中心句“She adds that ... beyond nutrition.”。本题的关键是找到该项目对学生的好处，根据标记的中心句可知，该段为答案所在。根据本段内容可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了营养方面的价值，而且让许多学生对园艺产生兴趣，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用。综上所述，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 55 R 答案：B　Therefore, just eq \o(,\s\up18(as we need to be more),\s\do16(状语从句)) thoughtful about our caloric consumption, eq \o(,\s\up18(we),\s\do16(主语))also eq \o(,\s\up18(need),\s\do16(谓语)) eq \o(,\s\up18(to be more thoughtful),\s\do6(宾语)) eq \o(,\s\up18(about our information consumption，),\s\do16(介词短语)) eq \o(,\s\up18(resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food”),\s\do16(现在分词短语)) in order eq \o(,\s\up18(to manage our time most effectively．),\s\do16(不定式短语)) 译文：因此，就像我们需要更审慎地对待我们的卡路里消耗一样，我们也需要更慎重地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间。只保留主干可知，我们对于信息消耗要更加慎重，对应B项(做有选择的信息消费者。)。故选B。 $