精品解析：北京市东城区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末统一检测英语试题

2025—2026学年第一学期期末样卷 高一英语 2026.1 本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共三节，36分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The Ultimate Goal I sat in the dressing room before my first major ____1____, feeling anxious. I looked like a pianist, but I didn’t feel like one. My teacher, Kurt, had told me, “You’ve practiced, and you are well-prepared,” but the thought that I would soon have to play for such a large audience was ____2____. When the stage manager called me, I left the dressing room, feeling extremely nervous. The lights were so bright that I was almost blinded. “Where is the piano? I can’t see anything!” My heart was ____3____. But then I forced myself to stay ____4____: You know the way. You know what you have to do. Trusting my ____5____ was the only thing that could keep me cool. I began to ____6____ the space between the wings of the stage and the piano. The audience applauded and this wave of sound seemed to draw me across the stage. I ____7____ reached the piano and slowly took my seat, trying to keep my breathing regular. I raised my hands and began to play, reminding myself of the final words of advice: go with the music, don’t ____8____ mistakes and stay in the moment. Everything was falling into place. I wasn’t thinking about winning or failing. The notes floated from my hands and the warmth of the audience encouraged me. I was ____9____ in the music. That was the very first time I performed in the competition. A week later I returned for the finals and won! I’ve also been accepted by the Juilliard School of Music. It might feel like I’ve ____10____ it. But, in reality, I know that I’ve only started. 1. A. exercise B. exhibition C. competition D. exploration 2. A. annoying B. interesting C. exciting D. frightening 3. A. racing B. dancing C. aching D. breaking 4. A. awake B. calm C. safe D. quiet 5. A. gift B. plans C. decisions D. preparation 6. A. fill B. use C. cross D. clear 7. A. proudly B. hardly C. finally D. secretly 8. A. put right B. worry about C. point out D. give up 9. A. skilled B. interested C. trapped D. lost 10. A. made B. got C. beaten D. taken 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者第一次参加大型钢琴比赛的紧张经历、克服焦虑的过程及最终获胜并收获录取通知的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在更衣室里，准备参加我的第一场大型比赛，感到很焦虑。A. exercise 锻炼；B. exhibition 展览；C. competition 比赛；D. exploration 探索。根据后文“That was the very first time I performed in the competition.”可知，此处指参加大型比赛。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的老师库尔特告诉我：“你已经练习过了，准备得很充分。” 但一想到很快就要为这么多观众演奏，我就感到害怕。A. annoying 令人烦恼的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. exciting 令人兴奋的；D. frightening 令人害怕的。根据前文“feeling anxious”和后文“feeling extremely nervous”可知，作者对面对大量观众演奏感到害怕，符合焦虑紧张的情绪。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心跳得飞快。A. racing（心脏）急速跳动；B. dancing 跳舞；C. aching 疼痛；D. breaking 破碎。根据前文“feeling extremely nervous”和“Where is the piano? I can’t see anything!”可知，作者极度紧张，心跳应该是急速跳动的状态。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来我强迫自己保持冷静：你知道路。你知道你要做什么。A. awake 清醒的；B. calm 冷静的；C. safe 安全的；D. quiet 安静的。根据后文“Trusting my ____ was the only thing that could keep me cool.”可知，此处指强迫自己保持冷静，calm与后文cool相呼应。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相信自己的准备是唯一能让我保持冷静的东西。A. gift 天赋；B. plans 计划；C. decisions 决定；D. preparation 准备。根据前文老师所说“You’ve practiced, and you are well-prepared”可知，此处指相信自己的准备工作，前文“well-prepared”是提示。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始穿过舞台两侧的翼区和钢琴之间的区域。A. fill 填满；B. use 使用；C. cross 穿过；D. clear 清理。根据后文“this wave of sound seemed to draw me across the stage”可知，此处指穿过舞台翼区和钢琴之间的区域。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我终于走到钢琴前，慢慢坐下，努力保持呼吸平稳。A. proudly 骄傲地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. finally 终于；D. secretly 秘密地。根据前文作者紧张地寻找钢琴、穿过舞台等过程可知，此处指最终到达钢琴旁，体现过程的艰难与不易。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我抬起手开始演奏，提醒自己最后一句建议：跟随音乐的节奏，不要担心错误，专注当下。A. put right 纠正；B. worry about 担心；C. point out 指出；D. give up 放弃。根据前文“go with the music”和后文“stay in the moment”可知，建议应是不要担心犯错，专注演奏。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我沉浸在音乐中。A. skilled 熟练的；B. interested 感兴趣的；C. trapped 被困的；D. lost 沉浸的，迷失的。根据前文“I wasn’t thinking about winning or failing. The notes floated from my hands and the warmth of the audience encouraged me.”可知，作者不再考虑成败，完全沉浸在音乐里，be lost in为固定搭配，意为“沉浸在……中”。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉好像我已经成功了。A. made 做到，成功；B. got 得到；C. beaten 打败；D. taken 拿走。根据前文“A week later, I returned for the finals and won! I’ve also been accepted by the Juilliard School of Music.”可知，作者赢得比赛并获得录取，感觉自己已经成功了，make it 为固定搭配，意为“成功做到”。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Tangshan started to revive ____11____ (it) and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home ____12____ more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom ____13____ (stay) positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 【答案】11. itself 12 to 13. to stay 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了唐山在地震后，在政府支持和民众努力下实现复苏，建成新城并向世界展现灾难面前团结重建精神。 【11题详解】 考查代词。句意：唐山开始自我复苏，重新站起来。主语和宾语所指相同时，需用反身代词作宾语，it的反身代词为itself，符合“自我复苏”的语境。故填itself。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：这座新城已成为七百多万人的家园，在交通、工业和环境方面都有了巨大改善。a home to“……的家园”是固定搭配。故填to。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：唐山市向中国和世界证明，在灾难时刻，人们必须团结起来，展现出保持积极心态、重建更光明未来的智慧。此处修饰名词wisdom，作后置定语，且逻辑主语people与stay之间是主动关系，应用动词不定式to stay，表目的和属性。故填to stay。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Anger is an emotion that almost everyone experiences. We feel it on days ____14____ a classmate borrows our things without ____15____ (ask). However, getting mad too often can lead to serious health issues. Luckily, there are useful ways ____16____ can help stop anger from doing much harm, like taking deep breaths or doing sports. So next time you feel angry, try these easy ways and you ____17____ (feel) better soon. 【答案】14. when 15. asking 16. that##which 17. will feel 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了导致人们愤怒的原因，愤怒带来的不良影响并提出了控制愤怒情绪的方法。 14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我们会在某些时候感到愤怒，比如当同学没有经过询问就借走我们的东西时。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是days，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们会在某些时候感到愤怒，比如当同学没有经过询问就借走我们的东西时。空处作介词without的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填asking。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，有一些有用的方法可以帮助阻止愤怒造成太大的伤害，比如深呼吸或做运动。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是ways，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：所以下次你感到愤怒时，试试这些简单的方法，你很快就会感觉好起来。根据时间状语next time可知，此处应用一般将来时。故填will feel。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that Chinese volleyball legend and former head coach Lang Ping ____18____ (award) the IOC Coaches Lifetime Achievement Award on November 24, 2025. Lang was a defining figure in Chinese women’s volleyball. She enjoyed huge success as a player and, after retiring, continued to make her mark as a coach. Returning to China in 2013, Lang ____19____ (lead) the national team to two World Cup ____20____ (title) and, in 2016, helped them secure Olympic gold, making Lang the first in volleyball history to win Olympic gold as both a player and a coach. 【答案】18. was awarded 19. led 20. titles 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国排球传奇人物、前主教练郎平将被授予国际奥委会教练终身成就奖，以及她作为运动员和教练的辉煌成就。 【18题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布，中国排球传奇人物、前主教练郎平于2025年11月24日被授予国际奥委会教练终身成就奖。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主语Lang Ping与award之间是被动关系，根据时间状语on November 24, 2025可知，从句用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故填was awarded。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：2013年回到中国后，郎平带领国家队赢得了两次世界杯冠军，并在2016年帮助他们获得奥运金牌，使郎平成为排球历史上第一位既作为运动员又作为教练赢得奥运金牌的人。此处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语Returning to China in 2013可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，lead的过去式为led。故填led。 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：2013年回到中国后，郎平带领国家队赢得了两次世界杯冠军，并在2016年帮助他们获得奥运金牌，使郎平成为排球历史上第一位既作为运动员又作为教练赢得奥运金牌的人。title此处意为“冠军头衔”，为可数名词，根据前面的two可知，此处应用复数形式titles。故填titles。 第三节(共11小题;每小题1分，共11分) A. 请用方框中的单词完成句子。 (本题见校本卷) B. 请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子。 pack confuse equal contribute athlete 21. Thank you for trying to give me directions, but it’s too ________ to me. Would you mind drawing a map for me? 22. Jim is a(n) ________ young boy who is strong and loves sports. 23. I opened the ________ and found it was a gift. 24. I firmly believe that each of us can make a(n) ________ to the future of the world. 25. Do you believe in ________ between men and women? 【答案】21. confusing 22. athletic 23. package 24. contribution 25. equality 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：谢谢你试着给我指路，但这对我来说太令人困惑了。你介意给我画张地图吗？空处作句子表语，结合“Would you mind drawing a map for me”可知，此处指指路内容让人困惑，confuse的形容词形式confusing“令人困惑的”符合题意，修饰事物it（指路这件事）。故填confusing。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：吉姆是一个健壮且热爱运动的运动员般的小男孩。空处作定语修饰名词young boy，结合“strong and loves sports”可知，此处指吉姆具备运动员的特质，athlete的形容词形式athletic“运动的；体格健壮的”符合题意。故填athletic。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：我打开了包裹，发现里面是一份礼物。空处作动词opened的宾语，结合“found it was a gift”可知，此处指打开了某个包裹类物品，pack的名词形式package“包裹”符合题意，根据定冠词the可知，此处用单数形式特指打开的那个包裹。故填package。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：我坚信我们每个人都能为世界的未来做出贡献。空处作动词make的宾语，结合“to the future of the world”可知，此处指为世界未来做贡献，固定搭配make a contribution“做出贡献”符合题意，contribute的名词形式contribution“贡献”符合要求。故填contribution。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：你相信男女平等吗？空处作介词in的宾语，结合“between men and women”可知，此处指男女之间的平等，equal的名词形式equality“平等”符合题意，为不可数名词。故填equality。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，32分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to the Camp Association (CA)! We offer quality experiences where every child feels safe, valued, and celebrated. Let’s explore a few of the most exciting camps in our community this summer! The Voyage Camp (July 10th — August 5th) At this popular camp, every camper chooses their own “Journey”, creating a week packed with excitement and teamwork. Ages: 9 — 16 Activities: ·Younger campers (ages 9 — 12) can pick things like fishing, swimming, and competing in friendly water games. ·Older campers (ages 13 — 16) can do all those things, plus new ones like climbing on the big rock wall and night hike. The Summit Camp (July 15th — August 1st) High in the Colorado Rockies, this is where science and fun come together. Campers mix outdoor adventures with hands-on science exploration. Ages: 16 — 18 Activities: ·Study local wildlife on field trips. ·Learn basic survival skills in the wild. The Spark Camp (July 20th — August 20th) This camp is for young artists and performers. Guided by experienced art and music teachers, campers focus on color, rhythm, and imagination. Ages: 9 — 16 Activities: •Bring art to life through painting and digital design workshops. •Sharpen musical talents with one-on-one guidance. Global Gateway Camp (August 5th — August 25th) At this camp, the world comes together! Campers explore new languages and cultures while making friends with people from different backgrounds. Ages: 12 — 18 Activities: ·Choose from Spanish, French, or Chinese language classes taught by native-speaking teachers. ·Take part in “Global Village Day”, where campers share food, music, and performances inspired by different cultures. Ready to start the adventure? For more information, please visit: www.ACamps.com. 26. What do The Voyage Camp and The Summit Camp have in common? A. They both offer outdoor experiences. B. They are focused on cultural exploration. C. They are designed for the same age group. D. They both include games and competitions. 27. Who would enjoy The Spark Camp the most? A. Those who prefer science activities. B. Those who enjoy studying local wildlife. C. Those who hope to learn a new language. D. Those who want to develop musical skills. 28. Where can we probably find this passage? A. In a geography textbook. B. In a vacation brochure. C. On a school’s official website. D. In a science magazine. 【答案】26. A 27. D 28. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了营地协会（CA）今年夏天在社区推出的四个令人兴奋的营地项目，包括每个营地的时间、适合年龄和主要活动等信息。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Voyage Camp部分中的“Activities: ·Younger campers (ages 9 — 12) can pick things like fishing, swimming, and competing in friendly water games. ·Older campers (ages 13 — 16) can do all those things, plus new ones like climbing on the big rock wall and night hike.(活动：·年幼的露营者（9-12岁）可以选择钓鱼、游泳和参加友好的水上游戏比赛等活动。·年长的露营者（13-16岁）可以做所有这些事情，再加上一些新的活动，比如攀登大岩壁和夜间徒步旅行)”和The Summit Camp部分中的“High in the Colorado Rockies, this is where science and fun come together. Campers mix outdoor adventures with hands-on science exploration. Activities: ·Study local wildlife on field trips. ·Learn basic survival skills in the wild.(在科罗拉多落基山脉的高处，这里是科学与乐趣的结合之地。露营者将户外探险与亲身体验的科学探索相结合。活动：·通过实地考察研究当地野生动物。·学习野外基本生存技能)”可知，航海营地和顶峰营地的共同之处是都提供户外体验。故选A项。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Spark Camp部分中的“This camp is for young artists and performers. Guided by experienced art and music teachers, campers focus on color, rhythm, and imagination. Activities: •Bring art to life through painting and digital design workshops. •Sharpen musical talents with one-on-one guidance.(这个营地是为年轻的艺术家和表演者准备的。在经验丰富的艺术和音乐老师的指导下，露营者专注于色彩、节奏和想象力。活动：·通过绘画和数字设计工作坊让艺术栩栩如生。·通过一对一的指导提升音乐天赋)”可知，想要发展音乐技能的人会最喜欢火花营地。故选D项。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章开头“Welcome to the Camp Association (CA)! We offer quality experiences where every child feels safe, valued, and celebrated. Let’s explore a few of the most exciting camps in our community this summer!(欢迎来到营地协会（CA）！我们提供高质量的体验，让每个孩子都感到安全、受重视和被赞美。让我们一起来探索今年夏天我们社区里几个最令人兴奋的营地吧！)”以及结尾“Ready to start the adventure? For more information, please visit: www.ACamps.com.(准备好开始冒险了吗？如需更多信息，请访问：www.ACamps.com)”可推断，这篇文章很可能来自一份度假手册，用于宣传夏季营地项目。故选B项。 B A study published in Ageing, Neuropsychology and Cognition by researchers at the University of Birmingham found that monolingual (单语的) seniors who completed a six-month exercise programme were quicker at completing language processing tests compared to a control group — but bilinguals didn’t show similar improvement. In the study, participants who followed a six-month home-based exercise programme were asked to complete a mix of workout plans each week. Following the experiment, the exercise groups for both monolingual and bilingual participants greatly improved their fitness levels. They were tested before and after the exercise programme on their ability to recognize target words in a spoken sentence. The monolingual participants who followed the exercise programme were 7% faster at detecting the correct words after their fitness increased, while the bilingual participants showed very few language gains. Dr Segart, an author of the study, said: “This is the first study we know of that establishes a causal link between improving fitness and language processing, particularly with older adults. Language processing is an important and interesting area of study, as the ability to communicate plays a key role in everyone’s daily life. The results from the monolingual group provide strong evidence that increasing fitness correlates with better cognition (认知), highlighting the importance of regular exercise for healthy ageing.” “Among bilingual participants in the study, despite seeing increases in the fitness levels within the exercise group, there was no relationship with improved scores in the language processing tests and the results were very similar to those of the control group. The finding might be explained by the lifetime patination (积淀) produced in their neural pathways thanks to the lifelong use of several languages — that is, a cognitive reserve that has already offset age-related loss. Older adults who are bilingual may enhance cognitive reserve, thus reducing the additional benefits gained from exercise,” he added. While the study establishes a clear link between physical fitness and language processing, follow-up research is needed to explore the broader benefits of physical activity for cognitive development. Also, further research will focus on the lasting influence of exercise on cognitive health among other age groups, which may provide much better solutions to age-related language loss. 29. What happened after the participants followed an exercise programme? A. The monolinguals could identify certain words faster. B. Both groups made great progress in language learning. C. The bilinguals improved their speaking ability gradually. D. The participants were quicker at finishing cognitive tests. 30. What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us? A. The value of the research. B. The key role of communication. C. The effect of language processing. D. The area covered by the experiment. 31. What does the underlined word “offset” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Resulted in. B. Taken off. C. Taken control of. D. Balanced out. 32. What will the further research most likely focus on? A. Measures to calm fear of age-related language loss. B. The effect of exercise on teenagers’ test-taking skills. C. Additional advantages of exercise for cognitive growth. D. The connection between exercise and language cognition. 【答案】29. A 30. A 31. D 32. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于运动与语言处理能力关系的研究，分析了单语者和双语者在运动后语言处理能力的不同表现，阐述了研究的意义并指出后续研究的方向。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The monolingual participants who followed the exercise programme were 7% faster at detecting the correct words after their fitness increased, while the bilingual participants showed very few language gains.(遵循锻炼计划单语参与者在体能提高后识别正确单词的速度快了7%，而双语参与者的语言收益很少。)”可知，单语者能更快地识别某些单词。故选A。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“This is the first study we know of that establishes a causal link between improving fitness and language processing, particularly with older adults. Language processing is an important and interesting area of study, as the ability to communicate plays a key role in everyone’s daily life. The results from the monolingual group provide strong evidence that increasing fitness correlates with better cognition, highlighting the importance of regular exercise for healthy ageing.(这是我们所知的第一项研究，在提高健康水平和语言处理能力之间建立了因果关系，特别是针对老年人。语言处理是一个重要而有趣的研究领域，因为沟通能力在每个人的日常生活中都起着关键作用。单语组的结果提供了强有力的证据，表明提高健康水平与更好的认知能力相关，突出了定期锻炼对健康老龄化的重要性。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了这项研究的价值。故选A。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“The finding might be explained by the lifetime patination produced in their neural pathways thanks to the lifelong use of several languages(这一发现可能可以用以下原因来解释：由于他们一生都在使用多种语言，其神经通路中形成了长期的积淀)”和下文“Older adults who are bilingual may enhance cognitive reserve, thus reducing the additional benefits gained from exercise(会说两种语言的老年人可能增强了自身的认知储备，因此减少了从运动中获得的额外益处)”可知，他们已经拥有了一种认知储备，这种储备在一定程度上抵消了与年龄相关的认知损失。由此可知，offset意为“抵消，平衡”。故选D。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the study establishes a clear link between physical fitness and language processing, follow-up research is needed to explore the broader benefits of physical activity for cognitive development. Also, further research will focus on the lasting influence of exercise on cognitive health among other age groups, which may provide much better solutions to age-related language loss.(虽然这项研究确立了身体健康和语言处理之间的明确联系，但还需要后续研究来探索体育活动对认知发展的更广泛益处。此外，进一步的研究将集中在运动对其他年龄组认知健康的持久影响上，这可能为与年龄相关的语言丧失提供更好的解决方案。)”可知，进一步的研究最有可能关注运动对认知发展的额外好处。故选C。 C I’ve been a psychology professor since 2012. In the past six years, I’ve seen students of all ages procrastinate (拖延) on papers, avoid presentation days, miss schoolwork, and let due dates fly by. I don’t think laziness was ever at fault. Ever. I’m a social psychologist, so I’m interested in the situational factors that drive human behaviour. When you’re seeking to predict or explain a person’s actions, looking at the social expectations, and the person’s context — their day-to-day reality, their problems and hard times — is usually safe. Situational limits typically predict behaviour far better than personality, intelligence, or other personal qualities. So, when it comes to behavioral “laziness”, I’m moved to ask: what are the blocks to action that I can’t see? There are always blocks. Recognizing those blocks and viewing them as reasonable — is often the first step to breaking “lazy” behaviour patterns (模式). It’s really helpful to respond to a person’s ineffective behaviour with curiosity rather than judgment. If a person’s behaviour doesn’t make sense to you, it is because you are missing a part of their context. Let’s look at a sign of academic “laziness” that I believe is anything but procrastination. People think procrastinators cause their own problems. Putting off work sure looks lazy. Even the people who are actively doing the procrastinating can mistake their behaviour for laziness. You’re supposed to be doing something, and you’re not doing it. That means you’re weak-willed, not motivated, and lazy, doesn’t it? For decades, psychological research has been able to explain procrastination as a functioning problem, not a result of laziness. When a person fails to begin a project that they care about, it’s typically due to either anxiety about their efforts not being “good enough” or confusion about what the first steps of the task are. Not laziness. In fact, procrastination is more likely when the task is meaningful and the individual cares about doing it well. When you’re paralyzed with fear of failure, or you don’t even know how to begin a massive, challenging task, it’s extremely hard to get it done. It has nothing to do with desire or motivation. The solution, instead, is to look for what is holding the procrastinator back. If anxiety is the major block, the procrastinator actually needs to take part in a relaxing activity. Being judged “lazy” by other people is likely to lead to the exact opposite behaviour. People do not choose to fail or disappoint. No one wants to feel incapable or ineffective. There is always an explanation. There are always blocks. Just because you can’t see them, or don’t view them as reasonable, doesn’t mean they’re not. Look harder. 33. According to the author, what affects people’s behaviour the most? A. Mental blocks. B. Limited experience. C. Personal qualities. D. Contextual factors. 34. Some people can’t begin a project they care about because they ________. A. question its meaning B. are not strong-willed C. fear they can’t meet expectations D. are confused about how to finish it 35. What does “the exact opposite behaviour” in Paragraph 9 most probably refer to? A. Talking to an advisor. B. Avoiding taking action. C. Quitting responsibilities halfway. D. Looking into the causes of laziness. 36. What does the author mainly do in this passage? A. Start a debate. B. Question a belief. C. Explain a situation. D. Introduce a method. 【答案】33. D 34. C 35. B 36. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“拖延并非懒惰”这一核心观点展开，作者从社会心理学角度分析了导致拖延行为的情境因素和心理障碍，反驳了“拖延即懒惰”的普遍认知。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When you’re seeking to predict or explain a person’s actions, looking at the social expectations, and the person’s context — their day-to-day reality, their problems and hard times — is usually safe. Situational limits typically predict behaviour far better than personality, intelligence, or other personal qualities.(当你试图预测或解释一个人的行为时，关注社会期望以及这个人的背景——他们的日常生活现实、他们的问题和困境——通常是可靠的。情境限制通常比性格、智力或其他个人品质更能预测行为)”可知，作者认为影响人们行为最主要的因素是情境因素。故选D项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“When a person fails to begin a project that they care about, it’s typically due to either anxiety about their efforts not being ‘good enough’ or confusion about what the first steps of the task are.(当一个人无法开始一项他们关心的项目时，通常是因为要么担心自己的努力“不够好”，要么不清楚任务的第一步是什么)”可知，有些人无法开始自己关心的项目，是因为他们害怕自己无法达到预期（担心努力不够好）或不清楚如何开始。故选C项。 【35题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第九段中的“If anxiety is the major block, the procrastinator actually needs to take part in a relaxing activity. Being judged ‘lazy’ by other people is likely to lead to the exact opposite behaviour.(如果焦虑是主要障碍，拖延者实际上需要参与放松活动。被他人评价为“懒惰”很可能会导致the exact opposite behaviour)”可知，拖延者的核心问题是焦虑等障碍，需要的是放松和理解，而被贴上“懒惰”的标签会加剧问题，导致他们更难采取行动，即做出与“开始行动”相反的行为（逃避行动）。划线短语the exact opposite behaviour指的是“逃避行动”。故选B项。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者开篇指出学生中普遍存在拖延行为，随后明确反驳“拖延是因为懒惰”这一普遍认知，接着从社会心理学角度分析了导致拖延的情境因素和心理障碍（焦虑、不清楚第一步等），最后强调应理解拖延者背后的困难而非指责其懒惰。由此可知，作者主要是在质疑“拖延即懒惰”这一固有观念。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We live in a culture addicted to winning. The spotlight shines brightest on the people who reach the finish line first, while those who come close slip into the shadows. ____37____ The inventor who had the right idea at the wrong time. The poet whose words only mattered long after they were gone. They seldom make headlines, but their efforts change the world in ways we only notice later. The truth is that the “almosts” aren’t failures. Sometimes they push society forward more than the celebrated victims. Nikola Tesla is remembered today as a genius (天才), but during his lifetime, he was largely overshadowed by Thomas Edison. Emily Dickinson’s case is quieter but no less surprising. ____38____ Only later would her simple yet powerful words change American poetry. Or take Katherine Johnson, whose math made spaceflight possible though her work went unmentioned for decades. ____39____ When we honor the “almosts”, we change what success means beyond headlines. Winning becomes about the courage to try, fall, and continue. ____40____ Or the small business that fails, only for its owners to learn and build something more resilient (坚韧的). Even in art, those uncelebrated in their time often touch souls for future generations. The beauty of the “almost” is that it reminds us success is about daring to set out first. There’s something deeply human about the “almosts”. They remind us effort is valuable even without recognition. ____41____ Their stories belong to all of us because most of us are “almosts” in some part of our lives. Few take first place. Yet we matter. A. The truth lies in history. B. But what about the “almosts”? C. That struggle itself has meaning. D. Her “almost” wasn’t a failure at that time. E. Think of the silver runner who returns stronger, inspired by that close loss. F. These stories remind us not getting recognition doesn’t mean making no difference. G. Nearly all her poems sat in a drawer while she lived, considered strange or unfinished. 【答案】37. B 38. G 39. F 40. E 41. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍那些“差一点就成功的人”并非失败者，他们的努力虽鲜少被关注，却推动社会发展，呼吁尊重这类人的价值。 【37题详解】 根据上文“The spotlight shines brightest on the people who reach the finish line first, while those who come close slip into the shadows.(聚光灯总是最亮地照耀着第一个冲过终点线的人，而那些差一点就成功的人却渐渐淡出人们的视线)”以及下文“The inventor who had the right idea at the wrong time. The poet whose words only mattered long after they were gone.(那个在错误的时间有了正确想法的发明家。那个在死后其文字才彰显价值的诗人)”可知，此处应承接上文的 “差一点就成功的人”，引出下文对这类人的举例，B选项“But what about the “almosts”?(但是那些“差一点就成功的人”呢？)”既呼应上文those who come close，又以设问引出下文内容，符合语境。故选B项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Emily Dickinson’s case is quieter but no less surprising.(艾米莉・狄金森的情况虽不那么引人注目，但同样令人惊讶)”以及下文“Only later would her simple yet powerful words change American poetry.(直到后来，她那些简洁却有力的文字才改变了美国诗歌)”可知，此处应具体说明艾米莉“差一点就成功”的情况，G选项“Nearly all her poems sat in a drawer while she lived, considered strange or unfinished.(她生前几乎所有的诗歌都放在抽屉里，被认为是奇怪的或未完成的)”中的her指代上文 Emily Dickinson，sat in a drawer、considered strange or unfinished与下文only later相呼应，体现其当时未被认可、差一点就被埋没的状态，符合语境。故选G项。 【39题详解】 根据上文列举Nikola Tesla、Emily Dickinson和Katherine Johnson的故事可知，此处应总结这些人的事例所传递的道理，F选项“These stories remind us not getting recognition doesn’t mean making no difference.(这些故事提醒我们，没有得到认可并不意味着没有产生影响)”中的These stories指代上文特斯拉、狄金森和约翰逊的事例，not getting recognition呼应三人的经历，符合语境。故选F项。 【40题详解】 根据上文“When we honor the “almosts”, we change what success means beyond headlines. Winning becomes about the courage to try, fall, and continue.(当我们尊重那些“差一点就成功的人”时，我们就改变了头条新闻之外的成功含义。成功变成了敢于尝试、跌倒后继续前行的勇气)”以及下文“Or the small business that fails, only for its owners to learn and build something more resilient.(或者那个失败的小企业，其所有者从中吸取教训，建立起更坚韧的事业)”可知，此处应举例说明“差一点就成功”后继续前行的情况，E选项“Think of the silver runner who returns stronger, inspired by that close loss.(想想那位银牌选手，在那次惜败的激励下，以更强的姿态回归)”中的silver runner、close loss对应almosts，returns stronger呼应上文courage to try, fall, and continue，与下文举例句式一致，符合语境。故选E项。 【41题详解】 根据上文“They remind us effort is valuable even without recognition.(他们提醒我们，即使没有得到认可，努力也是有价值的)”以及下文“Their stories belong to all of us because most of us are “almosts” in some part of our lives.(他们的故事属于我们所有人，因为我们大多数人在生活的某些方面都是“差一点就成功的人”)”可知，此处应进一步说明这种努力和挣扎的意义，C选项“That struggle itself has meaning.(那种挣扎本身就有意义)”中的That struggle指代上文effort，has meaning承接上文valuable，衔接下文对这类人事迹普遍性的阐述，符合语境。故选C项。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 What if you quit your job, grabbed a camera, and hit the road with one simple question for every stranger you met. “Are you happy?” Five years ago, filmmaker Eric did exactly that. The question surprised most people, but the answers he received were honest. For one woman, pure joy was her child. Another man credited his happiness to simple things: “food, fresh air, good weather.” Eric posted the interviews online, and they quickly went viral, reaching 15 million people a month. Yet as his platform grew, he realized he was uncovering something deeper than fame or success. Happiness, he discovered, isn’t a product of what happens to us. The most powerful proof came from a man with Stage 4 cancer. He was truly happy just to be alive to watch his son skateboard — an everyday moment he never thought he would live to see. That’s when it clicked for Eric. He saw the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy wasn’t wealth, success, or perfect health. It was something simpler, yet more powerful: an appreciation for small things. “I think the difference,” Eric reflected, “is being able to say, ‘This sandwich is really making me happy.’” He has come to believe that happiness is often a choice and a skill you can practice. When you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives. Over time, this way of thinking becomes a natural part of who you are. So, when people ask Eric if he’s happy, he smiles. “Yeah,” he says. “Because I’ve got my family. I think people take that for granted. But if you have that, you really are in the top one percent of the happiest people in the world.” 42. How did most people feel about Eric’s question? _______________________________________________________________________ 43. What is the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy? _______________________________________________________________________ 44. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. _______________________________________________________________________ 45. If Eric asked you “Are you happy?” right now, what would you say? Why? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】42. Most people felt surprised (at Eric’s question). 43. An appreciation for small things. 44. When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. According to the passage, when you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives, which means you can turn unexpected changes into positive things rather than your life changing unexpectedly. 45. I would say “Yes, I’m happy. Because I have good friends who support me and I can enjoy the beauty of nature every day.” 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是电影制作人埃里克（Eric）辞去工作，带着相机上路，向遇到的每个陌生人询问“你幸福吗？”的经历。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“The question surprised most people, but the answers he received were honest. (这个问题让大多数人感到惊讶，但他得到的回答却是真实的。)”可知，大多数的人对他的问题感到惊讶，故答案为Most people felt surprised (at Eric’s question). 【43题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“He saw the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy wasn’t wealth, success, or perfect health. It was something simpler, yet more powerful: an appreciation for small things.(他发现区分快乐与不快乐的并非财富、成功或完美的健康状况，而是某种更为简单却更具影响力的东西：对细微事物的欣赏。)”可知，快乐与不快乐之间的界限是对细微事物的欣赏。故答案为An appreciation for small things. 【44题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“When you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives.(当你专注于从事物中寻找美好之处时，你就会开始改变大脑中的化学物质，将生活中意想不到的变化转化为积极的因素。)”可知，当你专注于寻找事物中的美好之处时，你就会改变大脑中的化学反应，将生活中意想不到的变化转化为积极的因素，这意味着你可以将意想不到的变化转化为积极的事物，而不是让生活本身意外地发生变化。错误部分是“your life will change unexpectedly”。故答案为When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. According to the passage, when you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives, which means you can turn unexpected changes into positive things rather than your life changing unexpectedly. 【45题详解】 开放题。如果Eric问我“你幸福吗”，我会说：“是的，我很幸福。因为我有很好的朋友支持我，而且我每天都能欣赏到大自然的美丽。”故答案为I would say “Yes, I’m happy. Because I have good friends who support me and I can enjoy the beauty of nature every day.” 第二节(20分) 46. 假如你是红星中学高一年级学生李华，你的英国好友Jim对中国文化遗产非常感兴趣，他计划来中国实地体验。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.建议；2.理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Jim, I’m so glad to hear you’re coming to China to check out our cultural heritage! Since you are into history, my top suggestion is the Terracotta Army in Xi’an. It is a treasure of ancient Chinese history. Seeing thousands of life-sized statues standing there is an amazing experience — it feels like traveling back 2,000 years! I also recommend that you should climb Mount Tai in Shandong Province. It is not just a natural wonder but also a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and strength. If you make it to the top for the sunrise, the view is just breathtaking. Both sites will help you truly understand the origin of Chinese culture. I am sure you will have an unforgettable trip! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封邮件，推荐中国的文化遗产。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 令人惊讶的：amazing→astonishing 对……感兴趣：be into→show an interest in 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Since you are into history, my top suggestion is the Terracotta Army in Xi’an. It is a treasure of ancient Chinese history. 拓展句：Since you are into history, my top suggestion is the Terracotta Army in Xi’an, which is a treasure of ancient Chinese history. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I also recommend that you should climb Mount Tai in Shandong Province.（运用了that引导宾语从句和should do的虚拟语气） [高分句型2] If you make it to the top for the sunrise, the view is just breathtaking.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025—2026学年第一学期期末样卷 高一英语 2026.1 本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共三节，36分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 The Ultimate Goal I sat in the dressing room before my first major ____1____, feeling anxious. I looked like a pianist, but I didn’t feel like one. My teacher, Kurt, had told me, “You’ve practiced, and you are well-prepared,” but the thought that I would soon have to play for such a large audience was ____2____. When the stage manager called me, I left the dressing room, feeling extremely nervous. The lights were so bright that I was almost blinded. “Where is the piano? I can’t see anything!” My heart was ____3____. But then I forced myself to stay ____4____: You know the way. You know what you have to do. Trusting my ____5____ was the only thing that could keep me cool. I began to ____6____ the space between the wings of the stage and the piano. The audience applauded and this wave of sound seemed to draw me across the stage. I ____7____ reached the piano and slowly took my seat, trying to keep my breathing regular. I raised my hands and began to play, reminding myself of the final words of advice: go with the music, don’t ____8____ mistakes and stay in the moment. Everything was falling into place. I wasn’t thinking about winning or failing. The notes floated from my hands and the warmth of the audience encouraged me. I was ____9____ in the music. That was the very first time I performed in the competition. A week later, I returned for the finals and won! I’ve also been accepted by the Juilliard School of Music. It might feel like I’ve ____10____ it. But, in reality, I know that I’ve only started. 1. A. exercise B. exhibition C. competition D. exploration 2. A. annoying B. interesting C. exciting D. frightening 3. A. racing B. dancing C. aching D. breaking 4. A. awake B. calm C. safe D. quiet 5. A. gift B. plans C. decisions D. preparation 6. A. fill B. use C. cross D. clear 7. A. proudly B. hardly C. finally D. secretly 8. A. put right B. worry about C. point out D. give up 9. A. skilled B. interested C. trapped D. lost 10. A. made B. got C. beaten D. taken 第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Tangshan started to revive ____11____ (it) and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home ____12____ more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom ____13____ (stay) positive and rebuild for a brighter future. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Anger is an emotion that almost everyone experiences. We feel it on days ____14____ a classmate borrows our things without ____15____ (ask). However, getting mad too often can lead to serious health issues. Luckily, there are useful ways ____16____ can help stop anger from doing much harm, like taking deep breaths or doing sports. So next time you feel angry, try these easy ways and you ____17____ (feel) better soon. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that Chinese volleyball legend and former head coach Lang Ping ____18____ (award) the IOC Coaches Lifetime Achievement Award on November 24, 2025. Lang was a defining figure in Chinese women’s volleyball. She enjoyed huge success as a player and, after retiring, continued to make her mark as a coach. Returning to China in 2013, Lang ____19____ (lead) the national team to two World Cup ____20____ (title) and, in 2016, helped them secure Olympic gold, making Lang the first in volleyball history to win Olympic gold as both a player and a coach. 第三节(共11小题;每小题1分，共11分) A. 请用方框中的单词完成句子。 (本题见校本卷) B. 请用方框中单词的正确形式完成句子。 pack confuse equal contribute athlete 21. Thank you for trying to give me directions, but it’s too ________ to me. Would you mind drawing a map for me? 22. Jim is a(n) ________ young boy who is strong and loves sports. 23. I opened the ________ and found it was a gift. 24. I firmly believe that each of us can make a(n) ________ to the future of the world. 25 Do you believe in ________ between men and women? 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，32分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to the Camp Association (CA)! We offer quality experiences where every child feels safe, valued, and celebrated. Let’s explore a few of the most exciting camps in our community this summer! The Voyage Camp (July 10th — August 5th) At this popular camp, every camper chooses their own “Journey”, creating a week packed with excitement and teamwork. Ages: 9 — 16 Activities: ·Younger campers (ages 9 — 12) can pick things like fishing, swimming, and competing in friendly water games. ·Older campers (ages 13 — 16) can do all those things, plus new ones like climbing on the big rock wall and night hike. The Summit Camp (July 15th — August 1st) High in the Colorado Rockies, this is where science and fun come together. Campers mix outdoor adventures with hands-on science exploration. Ages: 16 — 18 Activities: ·Study local wildlife on field trips. ·Learn basic survival skills in the wild. The Spark Camp (July 20th — August 20th) This camp is for young artists and performers. Guided by experienced art and music teachers, campers focus on color, rhythm, and imagination. Ages: 9 — 16 Activities: •Bring art to life through painting and digital design workshops. •Sharpen musical talents with one-on-one guidance. Global Gateway Camp (August 5th — August 25th) At this camp, the world comes together! Campers explore new languages and cultures while making friends with people from different backgrounds. Ages: 12 — 18 Activities: ·Choose from Spanish, French, or Chinese language classes taught by native-speaking teachers. ·Take part in “Global Village Day”, where campers share food, music, and performances inspired by different cultures. Ready to start the adventure? For more information, please visit: www.ACamps.com. 26. What do The Voyage Camp and The Summit Camp have in common? A. They both offer outdoor experiences. B. They are focused on cultural exploration. C. They are designed for the same age group. D. They both include games and competitions. 27. Who would enjoy The Spark Camp the most? A. Those who prefer science activities. B. Those who enjoy studying local wildlife. C. Those who hope to learn a new language. D. Those who want to develop musical skills. 28. Where can we probably find this passage? A. In a geography textbook. B. In a vacation brochure. C. On a school’s official website. D. In a science magazine. B A study published in Ageing, Neuropsychology and Cognition by researchers at the University of Birmingham found that monolingual (单语的) seniors who completed a six-month exercise programme were quicker at completing language processing tests compared to a control group — but bilinguals didn’t show similar improvement. In the study, participants who followed a six-month home-based exercise programme were asked to complete a mix of workout plans each week. Following the experiment, the exercise groups for both monolingual and bilingual participants greatly improved their fitness levels. They were tested before and after the exercise programme on their ability to recognize target words in a spoken sentence. The monolingual participants who followed the exercise programme were 7% faster at detecting the correct words after their fitness increased, while the bilingual participants showed very few language gains. Dr Segart an author of the study, said: “This is the first study we know of that establishes a causal link between improving fitness and language processing, particularly with older adults. Language processing is an important and interesting area of study, as the ability to communicate plays a key role in everyone’s daily life. The results from the monolingual group provide strong evidence that increasing fitness correlates with better cognition (认知), highlighting the importance of regular exercise for healthy ageing.” “Among bilingual participants in the study, despite seeing increases in the fitness levels within the exercise group, there was no relationship with improved scores in the language processing tests and the results were very similar to those of the control group. The finding might be explained by the lifetime patination (积淀) produced in their neural pathways thanks to the lifelong use of several languages — that is, a cognitive reserve that has already offset age-related loss. Older adults who are bilingual may enhance cognitive reserve, thus reducing the additional benefits gained from exercise,” he added. While the study establishes a clear link between physical fitness and language processing, follow-up research is needed to explore the broader benefits of physical activity for cognitive development. Also, further research will focus on the lasting influence of exercise on cognitive health among other age groups, which may provide much better solutions to age-related language loss. 29. What happened after the participants followed an exercise programme? A. The monolinguals could identify certain words faster. B. Both groups made great progress in language learning. C. The bilinguals improved their speaking ability gradually. D The participants were quicker at finishing cognitive tests. 30. What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us? A. The value of the research. B. The key role of communication. C. The effect of language processing. D. The area covered by the experiment. 31. What does the underlined word “offset” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Resulted in. B. Taken off. C. Taken control of. D. Balanced out. 32. What will the further research most likely focus on? A. Measures to calm fear of age-related language loss. B. The effect of exercise on teenagers’ test-taking skills. C. Additional advantages of exercise for cognitive growth. D. The connection between exercise and language cognition. C I’ve been a psychology professor since 2012. In the past six years, I’ve seen students of all ages procrastinate (拖延) on papers, avoid presentation days, miss schoolwork, and let due dates fly by. I don’t think laziness was ever at fault. Ever. I’m a social psychologist, so I’m interested in the situational factors that drive human behaviour. When you’re seeking to predict or explain a person’s actions, looking at the social expectations, and the person’s context — their day-to-day reality, their problems and hard times — is usually safe. Situational limits typically predict behaviour far better than personality, intelligence, or other personal qualities. So, when it comes to behavioral “laziness”, I’m moved to ask: what are the blocks to action that I can’t see? There are always blocks. Recognizing those blocks and viewing them as reasonable — is often the first step to breaking “lazy” behaviour patterns (模式). It’s really helpful to respond to a person’s ineffective behaviour with curiosity rather than judgment. If a person’s behaviour doesn’t make sense to you, it is because you are missing a part of their context. Let’s look at a sign of academic “laziness” that I believe is anything but procrastination. People think procrastinators cause their own problems. Putting off work sure looks lazy. Even the people who are actively doing the procrastinating can mistake their behaviour for laziness. You’re supposed to be doing something, and you’re not doing it. That means you’re weak-willed, not motivated, and lazy, doesn’t it? For decades, psychological research has been able to explain procrastination as a functioning problem, not a result of laziness. When a person fails to begin a project that they care about, it’s typically due to either anxiety about their efforts not being “good enough” or confusion about what the first steps of the task are. Not laziness. In fact, procrastination is more likely when the task is meaningful and the individual cares about doing it well. When you’re paralyzed with fear of failure, or you don’t even know how to begin a massive, challenging task, it’s extremely hard to get it done. It has nothing to do with desire or motivation. The solution, instead, is to look for what is holding the procrastinator back. If anxiety is the major block, the procrastinator actually needs to take part in a relaxing activity. Being judged “lazy” by other people is likely to lead to the exact opposite behaviour. People do not choose to fail or disappoint. No one wants to feel incapable or ineffective. There is always an explanation. There are always blocks. Just because you can’t see them, or don’t view them as reasonable, doesn’t mean they’re not. Look harder. 33. According to the author, what affects people’s behaviour the most? A. Mental blocks. B. Limited experience. C. Personal qualities. D. Contextual factors. 34. Some people can’t begin a project they care about because they ________. A. question its meaning B. are not strong-willed C. fear they can’t meet expectations D. are confused about how to finish it 35. What does “the exact opposite behaviour” in Paragraph 9 most probably refer to? A. Talking to an advisor. B. Avoiding taking action. C. Quitting responsibilities halfway. D. Looking into the causes of laziness. 36. What does the author mainly do in this passage? A. Start a debate. B. Question a belief. C. Explain a situation. D. Introduce a method. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We live in a culture addicted to winning. The spotlight shines brightest on the people who reach the finish line first, while those who come close slip into the shadows. ____37____ The inventor who had the right idea at the wrong time. The poet whose words only mattered long after they were gone. They seldom make headlines, but their efforts change the world in ways we only notice later. The truth is that the “almosts” aren’t failures. Sometimes they push society forward more than the celebrated victims. Nikola Tesla is remembered today as a genius (天才), but during his lifetime, he was largely overshadowed by Thomas Edison. Emily Dickinson’s case is quieter but no less surprising. ____38____ Only later would her simple yet powerful words change American poetry. Or take Katherine Johnson, whose math made spaceflight possible though her work went unmentioned for decades. ____39____ When we honor the “almosts”, we change what success means beyond headlines. Winning becomes about the courage to try, fall, and continue. ____40____ Or the small business that fails, only for its owners to learn and build something more resilient (坚韧的). Even in art, those uncelebrated in their time often touch souls for future generations. The beauty of the “almost” is that it reminds us success is about daring to set out first. There’s something deeply human about the “almosts”. They remind us effort is valuable even without recognition. ____41____ Their stories belong to all of us because most of us are “almosts” in some part of our lives. Few take first place. Yet we matter. A. The truth lies in history. B But what about the “almosts”? C. That struggle itself has meaning. D. Her “almost” wasn’t a failure at that time. E. Think of the silver runner who returns stronger, inspired by that close loss. F. These stories remind us not getting recognition doesn’t mean making no difference. G. Nearly all her poems sat in a drawer while she lived, considered strange or unfinished. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 What if you quit your job, grabbed a camera, and hit the road with one simple question for every stranger you met. “Are you happy?” Five years ago, filmmaker Eric did exactly that. The question surprised most people, but the answers he received were honest. For one woman, pure joy was her child. Another man credited his happiness to simple things: “food, fresh air, good weather.” Eric posted the interviews online, and they quickly went viral, reaching 15 million people a month. Yet as his platform grew, he realized he was uncovering something deeper than fame or success. Happiness, he discovered, isn’t a product of what happens to us. The most powerful proof came from a man with Stage 4 cancer. He was truly happy just to be alive to watch his son skateboard — an everyday moment he never thought he would live to see. That’s when it clicked for Eric. He saw the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy wasn’t wealth, success, or perfect health. It was something simpler, yet more powerful: an appreciation for small things. “I think the difference,” Eric reflected, “is being able to say, ‘This sandwich is really making me happy.’” He has come to believe that happiness is often a choice and a skill you can practice. When you concentrate on finding the good in things, you start to change the chemistry in your brain to turn unexpected changes in your life into positives. Over time, this way of thinking becomes a natural part of who you are. So, when people ask Eric if he’s happy, he smiles. “Yeah,” he says. “Because I’ve got my family. I think people take that for granted. But if you have that, you really are in the top one percent of the happiest people in the world.” 42 How did most people feel about Eric’s question? _______________________________________________________________________ 43. What is the dividing line between the happy and the unhappy? _______________________________________________________________________ 44. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When you focus on finding the good, your life will change unexpectedly. _______________________________________________________________________ 45. If Eric asked you “Are you happy?” right now, what would you say? Why? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 46. 假如你是红星中学高一年级学生李华，你的英国好友Jim对中国文化遗产非常感兴趣，他计划来中国实地体验。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.建议；2.理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $