第08期二轮专题 专题04 人物性格题和事件评价题-2026届新高三英语提分培优通关练

第07期 二轮复习微专题 专题04 阅读理解记叙文人物性格题和事件评价题 原卷版 技能专区：洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货，培优补弱助手 高考真题记叙文考点解读 年份 卷别 主题 话题 2026 2026浙江1月卷 人与社会 教师以趣教学融洽了师生关系 2025 2025新课标I卷 人与社会 讲述了师生“教学相长”的故事 2025新课标II卷 人与社会 讲述了医学院教师的工作情况 2025八省联考卷 人与社会 邮递员与社区的深厚情感 2024 2024新课标I卷 人与自然 中医针灸治疗动物 2024新课标II卷 人与社会 创新打印吸引顾客 2023 2023新课标I卷 人与自然 利用自然自我修复原理净化污水 2023新课标II卷 人与自我 学校科学项目 2023全国甲卷 人与社会 DIY成为女性新宠 2022 2022新课标Ⅱ卷 人与自我 记者生活趣事 2022全国甲卷 人与社会 悉尼发展遇到的问题 2020 2020全国I卷 人与自我 逆境完成学业树榜样 2020全国II卷 人与社会 宣传图书馆 2020全国III卷 人与社会 影视作品使用动物 阅读微技能07：人物性格题 1.题型解读 无论是叙事型或者记人型阅读理解记叙文，往往都涉及到人们或者公众对其人生事迹或贡献评价，选项多用一个形容词或者两个并列的形容词。注意人物性格形容词往往与具体行为、态度直接关联。 分类 例词 正面评价 brave勇敢的kind善良的optimistic乐观的reliable可靠的determined坚定的humorous幽默的generous慷慨的reserved内敛的ambitious有野心的sensitive敏感的creative有创造性的 负面评价 odd古怪的rude粗鲁的stubborn固执的selfish自私的impatient不耐烦的cowardly懦弱的 2.命题方式 设问方式以“Which of the following best describes...?”等引出问题。 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? (2024新课标I卷) 22. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? (2019全国I卷) 3.解题步骤 阅读理解记叙文“人物性格描述题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先整体把握文章大意、人物经历、事迹贡献、人物反馈，多为弘扬“真善美”主旋律主题。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，多为并列型，一对一错，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 4.跟踪训练 (2024新课标I卷阅读B片段)“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. … 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词some of Farber’s coworkers，think of him。 第二步：根据关键词定位到第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。unusual=odd，同义替换。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 阅读微技能08：事件评价题 1.题型解读 ①“活动评价题”试题大多出现在记叙文最后一题； ②属于复杂细节理解题，可能会涉及阅读材料多处； ③常见命题形式：Which of the following best describes…? 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? (2023新课标I卷) 26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? (2021新课标II卷) 2.解题策略 阅读理解记叙文“活动评价题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先通读全文把握主旨，重点了解相关事件的前因后果和来龙去脉，为后续处理做铺垫。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 3.跟踪训练 (2023新课标I卷B篇片段)… Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词describes, the impact of the program。 第二步：根据关键词定位到最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。far-reaching意义深远的predictable可预测的short-lived短暂的unidentifiable不可识别的。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 清北生实战经验反馈区 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。 2.阅读理解记叙文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。 3.猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。 4.文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。 5.性格描述题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词描述，确定最佳答案。 6.标题概括题注意文章线索点睛作用，兼有概括性、新颖性和针对性。 模拟专区：练技能，补漏洞；练速度，提效能；提分数，强信心！ 第一部分：人物性格题专练8篇 01（25-26高三上·甘肃临夏·期末）While visiting Chicago from Michigan, Lavonne Schaafsma spent an afternoon in Millennium Park. On her way back to her car, she realized her purse was missing. Inside were her ID, credit cards, medication (药品), and several hundred dollars in cash. “I started to feel anxiety, first in my legs, then in my stomach and then right on top of my chest,” Schaafsma recalled. “I couldn’t think straight.” She retraced her steps for nearly an hour. Eventually, she entered a gift shop in a hurry and asked the cashier if anyone had turned in a black purse. The cashier’s eyes widened — someone had. Overwhelmed with relief, Schaafsma began to cry. The cashier then shared an unexpected story. About half an hour earlier, two women had entered the shop, visibly upset. They found the purse on a park bench and saw a man going through it. When they questioned him, he made an answer in a low voice that his wife had lost it. Sensing something was wrong, the women pretended the purse was theirs and managed to take it from him. Purse in hand, the women hurried to the gift shop and went inside. They waited for about half an hour to see if the owner would return, but when no one appeared, they left the purse with a security guard. Five minutes later, Schaafsma walked in. “These women who I don’t know saved me hours of canceling cards and rescued me from massive anxiety,” Schaafsma said. She regrets never being able to thank them for their courage and quick thinking. The experience has made her reflect on her own willingness to help strangers. “What act of kindness am I willing to do on behalf of someone I don’t know?” she often wonders. To the two strangers, she says, “Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.” 1. What trouble did Schaafsma encounter in the park? A. She took her car keys by mistake. B. She broke her medical record. C. She found her ID and books. D. She lost her black purse. 2. What does the underlined word “retraced” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Repeated. B. Forgot. C. Recorded. D. Recognized. 3. How did the two women get the purse? A. They bought it. B. They found it first. C. They took it bravely. D. A man gave it. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Schaafsma? A. Grateful and reflective. B. Brave and cautious. C. Devoted and generous. D. Patient and independent. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Schaafsma在公园丢失钱包后，两位陌生女士机智夺回钱包并转交，让她充满感激且引发自我反思的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While visiting Chicago from Michigan, Lavonne Schaafsma spent an afternoon in Millennium Park. On her way back to her car, she realized her purse was missing.(Lavonne Schaafsma 从密歇根州前往芝加哥游玩，在Millennium Park度过了一个下午。在返回停车处取车的路上，她发现自己的钱包不见了)”和第三段中的“Eventually, she entered a gift shop in a hurry and asked the cashier if anyone had turned in a black purse. The cashier’s eyes widened — someone had.(最后，她匆匆走进一家礼品店，询问收银员是否有人上交过一个黑色的钱包。收银员睁大眼睛，应声答道：有人交过)”可知，Schaafsma在公园遇到的麻烦是丢失了她的黑色钱包。故选D项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“She retraced her steps for nearly an hour. Eventually, she entered a gift shop in a hurry and asked the cashier if anyone had turned in a black purse.(她retraced脚步近一个小时。最后，她匆忙走进一家礼品店，问收银员是否有人上交过一个黑色钱包)”可知，Schaafsma丢失钱包后，为了寻找钱包，应该是沿着之前走过的路重新走了一遍。由此猜测retraced意为“重复（走过的路）”。A项Repeated（重复）符合语境。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Sensing something was wrong, the women pretended the purse was theirs and managed to take it from him.(察觉到不对劲，两位女士假装钱包是她们的，成功从他手里拿回了钱包)”可知，两位女士勇敢地从那个男人手中夺回了钱包。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““These women who I don’t know saved me hours of canceling cards and rescued me from massive anxiety,” Schaafsma said. She regrets never being able to thank them for their courage and quick thinking. (Schaafsma说：“这两位素不相识的女士，帮我省去了数小时注销各类卡片的麻烦，还让我摆脱了极度的焦虑。” 她一直很遗憾，始终没能当面感谢她们的勇敢与机智)”可知，Schaafsma心怀感激；再根据“The experience has made her reflect on her own willingness to help strangers.(这段经历让她反思自己是否愿意帮助陌生人)”可知，她善于反思。因此，Schaafsma是感恩且爱反思的人。故选A项。 02（25-26高三上·河北衡水·期末）Christine Rowsey spent three tough years working full-time as a financial risk analyst to support her 5-year-old son Bryson, while taking evening courses at a community college to pursue her nursing dream. “I didn’t have any money or possessions left; all I had was a fragile dream,” she recalled with emotion. That dream took root three years earlier, when she suffered the tragic loss of her husband, who had been diagnosed with cancer. Her husband fought for his life in the intensive care unit for seven months, undergoing more than a dozen operations. However, in the end, he left Christine forever. It was the sincere and constant support from the hospital’s nursing staff during that painful experience that inspired her to quit her original job and determinedly pursue a nursing career to help others the way she had been helped. Just as she was about to start formal nursing courses, her misfortunes brought her progress to a halt — her car was repossessed (收回). She couldn’t travel to class. Luckily, she discovered Volunteers of America (VOA) Michigan’s “Cars Helping People” program in Pontiac, which provided donated vehicles at fair prices for people in need, and she worked out a reasonable payment plan. She then enrolled in Oakland University’s one-year licensed practical nursing program, but she struggled with heavy tuition fees and the double pressure of studying hard as a top student and taking good care of Bryson. Another program run by VOA, the Health Profession Opportunity Grants, came to her rescue. It not only covered her full tuition but also offered an allowance for Bryson’s daily needs like food and gas, and even paid for her certification test fees. With the guidance from VOA’s employment specialist Rene DeLoach, who supported her through coursework, license application and job hunting, Christine finally achieved her goal. Now working as a licensed practical nurse at Riverview Health in Detroit, she is already pursuing her Registered Nurse certificate and sharing her inspiring story with young people. “VOA helped me rewrite my life exactly the way I wanted,” she said gratefully. 1. Why did Christine decide to work as a nurse? A. To care for her son. B. To inspire patients. C. To repay the kindness. D. To earn stable income. 2. What did VOA mean to Christine? A. A life changer. B. A famous charity. C. A training institution. D. A belief in her heart. 3. Which of the following can best describe Christine? A. Determined. B. Brilliant. C. Creative. D. Confident. 4. What does Christine’s story show? A. He who laughs last laughs longest. B. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. C. The road to hell is paved with good intentions. D. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4 D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Christine Rowsey在丈夫去世后，决定成为一名护士来回报社会，在面对重重困难时，得到了美国志愿者协会(VOA)相关项目的帮助，最终实现了自己的目标。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was the sincere and constant support from the hospital’s nursing staff during that painful experience that inspired her to quit her original job and determinedly pursue a nursing career to help others the way she had been helped.(正是在那段痛苦的经历中，医院护理人员真诚而持续的支持，激励她辞去了原来的工作，坚定地追求护理事业，以她曾经被帮助的方式去帮助别人)”可知，Christine决定成为一名护士是为了报答曾经得到的善意和帮助。故选C项。 2. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Christine的话“VOA helped me rewrite my life exactly the way I wanted(VOA帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生)”以及前文提到的VOA对Christine在车辆、学费、生活费等方面的帮助可知，VOA对Christine来说意味着人生的改变者。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。文章在第一段中讲述Christine白天全职工作，晚上上课，坚持了三年；在第二段中讲述她丈夫去世后独自抚养儿子，并决心转行成为护士；在第三、四段中讲述在汽车被收回、面临重重经济压力时，她积极寻找资源，并最终在VOA帮助下克服困难，最终成功获得护士执照并找到工作(第五段)。整个故事展现了她在逆境中坚持不懈、意志坚定的品质。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中Christine的话“VOA helped me rewrite my life exactly the way I wanted(VOA帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生)”可知，文章讲述了Christine在面对失去丈夫、车辆被收回、学费高昂等重重困难时，没有放弃，而是努力追求自己的梦想，最终改写了人生，实现了目标。Christine的故事正好印证了谚语“When the going gets tough, the tough get going. (艰难之路，唯勇者行)”所表达的在困难面前，强者会迎难而上、更加努力奋斗的精神。故选D项。 02（2026·河北石家庄·一模）Technology has been the great divider in many communities. Innovations have happened so fast that the “old way” of doing things from 20 years ago now feels like a centuries-wide gap. As a result, senior citizens sometimes feel left behind for lack of knowledge in technology and the language around how it is used. Daily banking, neighborhood communication and shopping have become more difficult for those who grew up relying on a checkbook and a postal address. Even entertainment is complicated with subscriptions and services. Recently, young Aadi Kulkarni often watched his grandmother struggle to join family Zoom calls, open attachments and fill out online medical forms. It was more than staying connected in an online world; Kulkarni realized an entire generation struggled with weakening dignity and confidence. He also wanted his own generation to have the same type of respectful relationship he had with his grandmother. “What if,” he thought, “students like me, who grew up with technology, could help seniors like her feel less left behind?” So he founded TechPals. Kulkarni began with a few friends at the local library. They started by teaching the basics of smartphones. What he thought would be a few sessions turned into regularly scheduled events. Classes expanded to help seniors develop texting skills, use FaceTime, and, most importantly, recognize online scams (诈骗). To date, Kulkarni and TechPals have held over150 hands-on workshops at libraries, senior centers and retirement homes, in addition to offering online training sessions. More than 5,000 seniors have benefited. “I’ve learned that social impact doesn’t have to require millions of dollars or a massive platform,” says Kulkarni. “Sometimes, it starts with a few students, a library room and the courage to show up.” Digital literacy crosses the divide to help every generation access the amazing new world that technology has delivered to our living rooms. But technology is best when added to face-to-face relationships — like that created when a seasoned grandmother connects with a young grandson and both are eager to learn from each other. 1. What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A. New technology is progressing rapidly. B. A gap appears between generations. C. The elderly struggle with technology. D. Daily activities rely more on digital tools now. 2. Why did Kulkarni set up TechPals? A. To improve community life. B. To popularize digital knowledge. C. To build his own management skills. D. To enable seniors to join family Zoom calls. 3. What does the phrase “a seasoned grandmother” imply in the last paragraph? A. She has lived through many hardships. B. She is good at adding seasonings to food. C. She is mature and experienced in life. D. She is familiar with traditional ways of life. 4. Which words can best describe Kulkarni? A. Considerate and responsible. B. Learned and talented. C. Generous and honest. D. Courageous and ambitious. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3 C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了青年Aadi Kulkarni因目睹祖母面对网络和科技的困惑和懵懂，从而创立TechPals组织，教授老年人数字技能的故事。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“As a result, senior citizens sometimes feel left behind for lack of knowledge in technology and the language around how it is used. Daily banking, neighborhood communication and shopping have become more difficult for those who grew up relying on a checkbook and a postal address. Even entertainment is complicated with subscriptions and services.(因此，老年人有时会因缺乏相关技术知识以及对其使用方式的了解而感到被排斥。对于那些从小依赖支票簿和邮政地址生活的人来说，日常的银行业务、邻里间的交流以及购物都变得更加困难了。就连娱乐活动也变得复杂起来，因为涉及到订阅和各种服务。)”可知，该段主旨是老年人在面对科技时遇到困难。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Kulkarni realized an entire generation struggled with weakening dignity and confidence. He also wanted his own generation to have the same type of respectful relationship he had with his grandmother.(Kulkarni意识到，整整一代人都在经历着尊严和自信的不断丧失。他希望自己的这一代人也能拥有与他与祖母之间那种相互尊重的关系。)”和第四段““What if,” he thought, “students like me, who grew up with technology, could help seniors like her feel less left behind?”(他心想：“要是像我这样熟悉科技的学生能够帮助像她这样的老年人更好地融入社会，那该多好啊？”)”可知，Kulkarni建立TechPals是为了普及数字知识。故选B项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“both are eager to learn from each other (双方都渴望相互学习)”可知，这种代际关系涉及“双向学习”，孙子的优势是全文铺垫的数字技术，因此祖母所能提供的，必然是与之形成互补的人生阅历与智慧。由此可知，该短语描绘的是一位经岁月沉淀而经验丰富、成熟老练的祖母形象，与“她成熟且有生活经验”含义一致。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Kulkarni realized an entire generation struggled with weakening dignity and confidence. He also wanted his own generation to have the same type of respectful relationship he had with his grandmother. (Kulkarni意识到，整整一代人都在经历着尊严和自信的不断丧失。他希望自己的这一代人也能拥有与他与祖母之间那种相互尊重的关系。)”和第五段“So he founded TechPals. Kulkarni began with a few friends at the local library. They started by teaching the basics of smartphones. What he thought would be a few sessions turned into regularly scheduled events.(于是他创立了TechPals组织。Kulkarni最初是和几位朋友在当地的图书馆一起开展活动的。他们起初只是教授智能手机的基础知识。他原本以为只是几节课的活动，结果却变成了定期举行的活动。)”可知，Kulkarni能体察到祖母乃至整个老年群体的困境，并主动采取行动去解决这个问题，这体现了他为他人着想的“体贴”和解决问题的“责任感”。故选A项。 03（2026·河北沧州·一模）In 1907, 37-year-old Maria Montessori opened her first school: Children’s House, a preschool that would transform children’s education. Today, the ideas of the Italian woman who started Montessori schools are still used in preschools all over the world. But back then, the idea that giving children fun activities would help them more than just memorize facts and do drills was very new. Though her innovations inspired a movement in young children’s learning, Montessori saw her work more simply. “I did not invent a method of education,” she wrote in 1914. “I simply gave some little children a chance to live.” Montessori was passionate about education from a young age. Born in 1870 and raised in Rome, she took a path that was different from what people expected for women at that time. Montessori studied engineering, and then applied to medical school at the University of Rome, telling a professor during her interview, “I know I shall become a doctor.” The school refused her because of her gender, so Montessori enrolled in(入学)the general university, studied physics, mathematics and natural sciences, and reapplied to medical school. She was admitted, becoming the first woman to enter the university’s Faculty of Medicine, and in July 1896, she became one of Italy’s first female doctors. Montessori’s medical work led her to the University of Rome’s psychiatric (精神病的) clinic. As part of her job, she visited institutions for children with mental disorders, searching for patients suitable for treatment at the clinic. It was here that her interest in child development intensified. She read extensively about children with learning differences. In 1898, Montessori spoke at Italy’s National Medical Congress in Turin, advocating for the idea that lack of adequate support and care for children with mental and emotional disorders caused them to misbehave. She developed her own teaching materials, and in 1907, she opened her first school. Montessori’s “auto-education” approach soon had the five-year-old children reading and writing. News of Montessori’s success spread quickly, and by 1908, her name was known around the world. 1. What was Montessori’s view on her educational method? A. She believed it was a creative method. B. She considered it a complex system of teaching. C. She saw it as a way to challenge traditional education. D. She thought it merely offered a chance for children to exist. 2 Why was Montessori initially refused admission to medical school? A. She didn’t pass the entrance exam. B. She lacked the necessary qualifications. C. The university didn’t accept female students then. D. She was rude to the professor during her interview. 3. What strengthened Montessori’s interest in child development? A. Her medical studies. B. Her passion for education. C. Her work at the psychiatric clinic. D. Her visit to children’s hospitals. 4. Which of the following can best describe Montessori? A. Careful and talented. B. Innovative and caring. C. Humorous and helpful. D. Generous and ambitious. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述蒙特梭利的教育理念、求学经历及她创办学校推动幼儿教育变革的事迹。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I did not invent a method of education,” she wrote in 1914. “I simply gave some little children a chance to live.(“我并没有发明一种教育方法，”她在1914年写道，“我只是给了一些小孩活下去的机会”)”可知，蒙特梭利认为自己的教育方式只是为孩子提供了生存的机会。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The school refused her because of her gender(这所学校因为她的性别拒绝了她)”可知，蒙特梭利最初被医学院拒收的原因是当时的大学不招收女学生。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段内容“Montessori’s medical work led her to the University of Rome’s psychiatric (精神病的) clinic. As part of her job, she visited institutions for children with mental disorders, searching for patients suitable for treatment at the clinic. It was here that her interest in child development intensified.(蒙特梭利的医疗工作让她进入了罗马大学的精神病学诊所。工作期间，她走访了多家精神障碍儿童机构，为诊所筛选适合接受治疗的患者。正是在这段工作经历中，她对儿童发展的兴趣愈发浓厚)”可知，是她在精神病诊所的工作增强了对儿童发展的兴趣。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “But back then, the idea that giving children fun activities would help them more than just memorize facts and do drills was very new(但在那个年代，让孩子通过趣味活动学习，比死记硬背和反复训练更有帮助的理念，是十分新颖的)，以及最后一段中的 “Montessori’s ‘auto-education’ approach soon had the five-year-old children reading and writing(蒙特梭利的 “自主教育” 模式很快就让五岁的孩子们学会了阅读和写作)”可知，她提出的教育理念和模式在当时极具开创性，推动了幼儿教育的变革。根据第五段中的 “As part of her job, she visited institutions for children with mental disorders, searching for patients suitable for treatment at the clinic(工作期间，她走访了多家精神障碍儿童机构，为诊所筛选适合接受治疗的患者)”，以及最后一段中的 “In 1898, Montessori spoke at Italy’s National Medical Congress in Turin, advocating for the idea that lack of adequate support and care for children with mental and emotional disorders caused them to misbehave. She developed her own teaching materials, and in 1907, she opened her first school(1898年，蒙特梭利在都灵举行的意大利全国医学大会上发表演讲，她主张精神与情绪存在障碍的儿童之所以行为失常，是因为缺乏足够的支持与关怀；她还研发了专属教具，并于 1907 年创办了第一所学校)”可知，她关注特殊儿童的成长需求，积极为他们寻求帮助并付诸实践。故选B。 04（25-26高三上·内蒙古赤峰·期中）In a city of wealth, comfort and fine food, there’s a quiet alley (小巷) in London’s Camden where passers-by often take several photos Sharing space with elegant cafes and world-class bars, a tiny fruit and vegetable stand seems to have been transported from a country road faraway. But what makes the stall even more remarkable in the heart of Camden is that payment is on the honor system — customers just throw coins into an old mailbox — and most of the items on offer are priced at £ 1 in a neighborhood where fresh food usually goes for much, much more. The greengrocer with a heart of gold — a Chinese immigrant in her 50s who runs this stall (货摊) alone — is rarely glimpsed by her grateful customers. Lena Wong rises before dawn to prepare to work in her small plot in Enfield, outside London. Depending on the season, she’ll harvest onions, eggplants, green peppers, etc. And she works several overnight shifts every week at a nursing home to supplement (补充) her and her husband’s modest salaries. All this started one day as she was selling produce in Enfield, and a young customer said that he barely earned enough to buy food. “I hate the idea of young people walking around hungry,” Lena Wong said. The seed was planted. “I want young people to feel that they’ re not forgotten, that they are treasured,” she said. “That not everyone is out for himself. I can make money anytime. Right now, I want to give young people a helping hand” Sometimes, when she arrives late in the day, customers get a chance to thank her in person. In return, she’s fond of offering botanical sayings that she collected from a life that has had its share of both joy and pain. Lena Wong likes to say, “Even in a field full of weeds, you can grow something — if you put in the effort.” 1. What is special about Lena Wong’s vegetable stall in Camden? A. It is run by a Chinese immigrant in her 50s. B. It is located in a quiet alley away from busy streets. C. It operates on an honor system with affordable prices. D. It offers a wide variety of exotic fruits and vegetables. 2. What inspired Lena Wong to start her vegetable stall? A. Her passion for gardening and farming. B. A young customer’s struggle to afford food. C. The high demand for fresh produce in Camden. D. Her desire to become famous in the community. 3. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? A. Nothing grows but weeds in poor soil. B. Life is always full of both joy and pain C. Lack of effort contributes to the stall’s failure. D. Hard work can lead to success despite challenges. 4. Which of the following best describes Lena Wong according to the text? A. Diligent and caring. B. Brave and careful. C. Ambitious and helpful. D. Optimistic and humble. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了伦敦卡姆登区一位华裔移民Lena Wong开设平价蔬果摊的善举，展现了她的勤劳与善意。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“But what makes the stall even more remarkable in the heart of Camden is that payment is on the honor system — customers just throw coins into an old mailbox — and most of the items on offer are priced at £1 in a neighborhood where fresh food usually goes for much, much more. (但让这个位于卡姆登中心的小摊更引人注目的是，它的付款方式是基于信任制度的，顾客只需把硬币扔进一个旧邮箱里，在一个新鲜食品通常要贵得多的社区，这个小摊大多数商品的价格都是1英镑)”可知，Lena Wong的小摊特别在于诚信付款制+平价。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“a young customer said that he barely earned enough to buy food (一位年轻顾客提到自己赚的钱几乎不够买食物)”以及““I hate the idea of young people walking around hungry,” Lena Wong said. The seed was planted. (Lena Wong说：“我讨厌年轻人得饿着肚子走来走去。”这颗种子就此种下了)”可知，Lena Wong开设小摊的灵感正是源于这位年轻顾客所面临的吃饭问题。故选B。 3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线句“Even in a field full of weeds, you can grow something — if you put in the effort. (即使在杂草丛生的土地上，只要付出努力，也能种出东西)”可知，这是一个比喻。结合Lena Wong帮助经济拮据年轻人的故事背景，此句生动地传达了其核心信念：即便处境艰难(杂草丛生的土地)，通过个人努力(付出努力)也一定能创造出价值与希望(种出东西)，符合D选项“尽管面临挑战，努力工作也能带来成功”。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Lena Wong rises before dawn (Lena Wong天还没亮就起床)”以及“she works several overnight shifts every week (她每周上几个夜班)”可知，她是勤劳的。根据第三段“want to give young people a helping hand (想帮年轻人一把)”可知，她是有爱心的。故选A。 05（25-26高三上·山东菏泽·期中）Every morning at 5:30 am, a quiet movement unfolds on a Kerala riverbank. Led by one man, Saji Valuvassery, this floating classroom is teaching people to swim — for free. More than a skill, it’s a lifeline, a community spirit, and a powerful reminder that courage can be contagious (具有感染力的). On a quiet February morning in 2009, a school picnic to the scenic spot near the Periyar River turned into a disaster. A boat carrying 15 kids and their teacher overturned in the river, leaving no survivors. The disaster shook Saji Valuvassery, a shop owner. Haunted (困扰) by the thought of the young lives lost, he began offering swimming classes in the very river that had taken them, for free. Little did he know that this simple gesture would turn the banks of the Periyar River into a place filled with laughter and community warmth. Saji began by teaching his own kids to swim, then their friends, and then a few kids from around the neighbourhood. Word spread. More kids came. Then adults. Today, that small effort has become the “Valasseril River Swimming Club”. Over 10,000 people have learned to swim here, and 2,000 children have been trained to swim across 780 metres of the river — all in one go. The swimming classes have also grown into a space for sharing knowledge and stories, where everyone who learns is encouraged to give back, keeping the spirit of community flowing as constantly as the river itself. “Once anyone passes their advanced swimming level, they are required to do 6 days of free service, to ensure others’ safety,” explains Saji. The Valasseril River Swimming Club teaches people from November to May. It pauses (暂停) during the monsoon season (季风季节) and reopens in November, when the river is calm and safe again. Every November, when it restarts, volunteers return voluntarily, led by their shared sense of purpose. When asked what keeps people coming back, Saji simply says, “People go to places where they find happiness.” 1. Why did Saji start the swimming classes? A. To connect with volunteers. B. To enrich community activities. C. To profit from teaching swimming. D. To stop people from dying in water. 2. What does the author want to show with the figures in paragraph 3? A. The challenge facing Saji’s swimming club. B. Saji’s wide influence on kids in the community. C. The popularity of swimming near the Periyar River. D. Saji’s remarkable achievement in swimming education. 3. What will advanced swimmers need to do after completing their training? A. Teach swimming skills for free. B. Serve as a short-term safety guardian. C. Share their stories with other learners. D. Volunteer during the monsoon season. 4. Which of the following best describes Saji? A. Selfless and caring. B. Courageous but impractical. C. Curious but impatient. D. Brave and generous. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述印度喀拉拉邦的萨吉·瓦卢瓦塞里因一场河难悲痛不已，随后在佩里亚尔河畔开办免费游泳班，多年来帮助上万人学会游泳，传递社区互助精神的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A boat carrying 15 kids and their teacher overturned in the river, leaving no survivors. The disaster shook Saji Valuvassery, a shop owner. Haunted (困扰) by the thought of the young lives lost, he began offering swimming classes in the very river that had taken them, for free. (一艘载有 15 名孩子和他们老师的船在河里翻覆，无人生还。这场灾难深深触动了店主萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里。想到那些逝去的年轻生命，他备受困扰，于是开始在那条夺走他们生命的河里，免费教授游泳课程。)”可知，萨吉开办游泳班的原因是不想再有人因溺水丧生。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over 10,000 people have learned to swim here, and 2,000 children have been trained to swim across 780 metres of the river — all in one go.(已有超过1万人在这里学会了游泳，2000名儿童接受了训练，能够一次性游过780米的河流。)”可知，作者通过列举具体数字，突出萨吉的游泳教学取得了显著成就。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Once anyone passes their advanced swimming level, they are required to do 6 days of free service, to ensure others’safety.(一旦有人通过高级游泳水平测试，他们需要提供6天的免费服务，以确保他人的安全。)”可知，高级游泳学习者完成训练后需要担任短期安全守护者，保障他人安全。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Led by one man, Saji Valuvassery, this floating classroom is teaching people to swim — for free (在萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里的带领下，这个 “水上课堂” 正在免费教人们游泳)”可知，萨吉开办的游泳课堂全程免费教学，没有任何盈利目的，这一行为完全摒弃了个人利益考量，是无私精神的直接。根据第二段“On a quiet February morning in 2009, a school picnic to the scenic spot near the Periyar River turned into a disaster. A boat carrying 15 kids and their teacher overturned in the river, leaving no survivors. The disaster shook Saji Valuvassery, a shop owner. Haunted (困扰) by the thought of the young lives lost, he began offering swimming classes in the very river that had taken them, for free.(一艘载有 15 名孩子和他们老师的船在河里翻覆，无人生还。这场灾难深深触动了店主萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里。想到那些逝去的年轻生命，他备受困扰，于是开始在那条夺走他们生命的河里，免费教授游泳课程)”可知，萨吉因这场悲剧深感痛心，出于对他人生命安全的担忧，才决定开办游泳课，他的初衷就是为了避免类似的生命悲剧重演，这份对他人安危的牵挂充分展现了他的关怀之心。故选A项。 06（25-26高三上·云南昆明·月考）It’s all too common for some nonprofits to jump into countries to “fix” problems and then leave. When 23-year-old Maggie Grout started her nonprofit, she wanted to do the opposite Grout came up with the idea for Thinking Huts in 2015, when she was a teenager. The organization is a nonprofit dedicated to building schools in communities that need them. In 2022, Thinking Huts built its first 3D-printed school in the town of Fianarantsoa, a city in Madagascar. Now it’s preparing to uncover its second 3D-printed campus, nicknamed “Honeycomb (蜂巢)”, on the west coast of the African island. Thinking Huts’ method of constructing its schools takes a small part of the time that it would need to build a structure from scratch (从头做起), Grout says, with one “hut” taking just 18 hours and $40,000 to $50,000 to build. The campus consists of a handful of huts and use a honeycomb design with solar panels; they also have potable water, Wi-Fi, and toilets. The new campus will serve three villages in the southwestern region of the African island, where more than 200 students aged 4 to 16 live. Grout has considered launching Thinking Huts in a number of different countries. She settled first on Madagascar because it has both a struggling education system and a government that welcomes outsiders. As of 2022, roughly three out of four secondary-age children there were not attending school due to factors such as overcrowding and dangerous commutes, according to the United Nations. Grout’s long-term vision for the nonprofit is to bring it anywhere that would benefit from more access to education. “I think that education is at the root of solving all the other problems in the world.” Grout says. 1. What is the target for Thinking Huts? A. To fix problems at different campuses. B. To demonstrate 3D printing technology. C. To boost local economy in African towns. D. To found schools in needy communities. 2. What can be known about “Honeycomb”? A. It saves a lot of time. B. It is poorly-equipped. C. It consists of plenty of huts. D. It serves students in Fianarantsoa. 3. Why did Grout build the first 3D-printed school in Madagascar? A. The children there had no access to education. B. The United Nations sponsored the program there. C. The government invested much money in education. D. The education there is poor due to limited basic facilities. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Maggie Grout? A. Warm-hearted and brave. B. Well-informed and calm. C. Pioneering and ambitious. D. Diligent and adventurous. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了23岁的Maggie Grout创立非营利组织Thinking Huts，旨在为有需要的社区建造学校。该组织在马达加斯加建造了第一所3D打印学校，并准备建造第二所，其目标是让更多地方受益于教育机会。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The organization is a nonprofit dedicated to building schools in communities that need them(该组织是一个非营利组织，致力于在有需要的社区建造学校)”可知，Thinking Huts的目标是在有需要的社区建造学校。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Thinking Huts’ method of constructing its schools takes a small part of the time that it would need to build a structure from scratch(从头做起), Grout says, with one “hut” taking just 18 hours and $40,000 to $50,000 to build(格劳特说，“思维小屋”（Thinking Huts）建造学校的方式只需要从头开始建造一座建筑所需时间的一小部分，一个“小屋”仅需18小时，耗资4万至5万美元即可建成)”可知，“思维小屋”建造学校的方式只需要从头开始建造一座建筑所需时间的一小部分，一个“小屋”仅需18小时，可推理出“Honeycomb”节省了很多时间。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“She settled first on Madagascar because it has both a struggling education system and a government that welcomes outsiders. As of 2022, roughly three out of four secondary-age children there were not attending school due to factors such as overcrowding and dangerous commutes, according to the United Nations(她首先选择了马达加斯加，因为那里既有困难的教育体系，又有欢迎外人的政府。据联合国称，截至2022年，由于过度拥挤和危险的通勤等因素，大约四分之三的中学适龄儿童没有上学)”可知，Grout在马达加斯加建造第一所3D打印学校是因为那里的教育由于基本设施有限而很差。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据原文第二段“Grout came up with the idea for Thinking Huts in 2015, when she was a teenager(Grout在2015年还是个青少年时就提出了Thinking Huts的想法)”可知，Grout在2015年还是个青少年时就提出了Thinking Huts的想法，可推理出她很有开创性；再根据最后一段“Grout’s long-term vision for the nonprofit is to bring it anywhere that would benefit from more access to education(Grout对该非营利组织的长期愿景是将其带到任何能从更多教育机会中受益的地方)”可知，Grout对该非营利组织的长期愿景是将其带到任何能从更多教育机会中受益的地方，可推理出她很有野心。由此可推知，Maggie Grout是一个有开创性和野心的人。故选C项。 07（25-26高三上·上海闵行·期中）Business success story Many teenagers spend their lives studying, playing video games and hanging out with friends — but not Henry Patterson, a teenage entrepreneur (创业者). The 15-year-old boy from Bedfordshire, a county in the East of England, started his business journey at the age of 9 when he launched his children’s brand, Not Before Tea. The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip, which is about a mouse and an owl who run a sweets shop. Patterson began by selling sweets, but he soon brought all the characters in the book to life — through products such as bags and soft toys. Today, the products are sold internationally, and Patterson has just secured investment to grow the brand further. At 12, his business had earned him 65,000 pounds (566,221 yuan). In fact, Patterson’s early school years were difficult, which he often described as “fire and ice”. He wasn’t consistent with what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃), which made him feel even lonelier. But these things didn’t hold him back. To cheer himself up, Patterson gradually immersed (使……沉浸) himself in designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them. His characters started to become popular. To battle his stammer, he tried to express himself clearly and even developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on important stages, such as at the National Retail Business Awards for Teenagers. Storytelling has been a key element in Patterson’s online business journey. Now at 15, Patterson wrote a business book called Young and Mighty, which describes his search for success and happiness and also covers some of the big issues that young people face: self-esteem, finding your voice, education and creativity.   He has also set up an online academy (学院) with the same name. It is for children aged 10 to 14, who are starting to think about their future and what motivates them. He believes that passion is what drives people to achieve extraordinary things. “If you don’t have a passion for what you do and love what you do then you won’t succeed,” he said. 1. What can we know about Not Before Tea? A. It is a sweets shop in Bedfordshire. B. Its birth was inspired by a storybook. C. It is a brand well known around the world. D. It has earned Patterson 65,000 pounds in total. 2. What happened to Patterson during his early school years? A. He struggled to fit in at school. B. He went to a lot of parties. C. He had difficulty writing stories. D. He wrote a business book. 3. Which of the following best describes Patterson? A. Brave and hardworking. B. Creative and strong-willed. C. Humorous and talented. D. Honest and independent. 4. What would Patterson probably agree with according to the text? A. Storytelling ability is key to business success. B. People should plan for their future as early as possible. C. Success cannot be achieved without passion. D. Passion decides whether a person can be extraordinary. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Henry Patterson从9岁开始创立品牌，克服诸多困难，最终在商业上取得成功并分享经验的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“launched his children’s brand, Not Before Tea (创立了自己的儿童品牌Not Before Tea)”以及第三段中“The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip (这个面向年轻人的生活方式品牌基于一本名为《Sherb和Pip的冒险》的故事书)”可知，该品牌的诞生灵感来自故事书。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In fact, Patterson’s early school years were difficult, which he often described as “fire and ice”. He wasn’t consistent with what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃), which made him feel even lonelier.(事实上，Patterson早期的学校生活很艰难，他经常将其描述为“冰与火”。他和同龄人不一样，因为他看世界的方式不同，他很少被邀请参加聚会或玩耍约会。他还有口吃，这使他更孤独)”可知，Patterson难以融入早期的学校生活。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Patterson gradually immersed (使……沉浸) himself in designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them (Patterson逐渐沉浸在设计不同动物、写相关有趣故事的事情中)”可知，Patterson有创造力。根据第五段“To battle his stammer, he tried to express himself clearly and even developed a love for public speaking (为了克服口吃，他努力清晰地表达自己，甚至爱上了公开演讲)”可知，Patterson勇敢面对并解决困难、意志坚定。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““If you don’t have a passion for what you do and love what you do then you won’t succeed,” he said. (他说：“如果你对你所做的事情没有热情，没有爱，那么你就不会成功。”)”可知，Patterson认为成功离不开热情。故选C项。 08（2025·浙江绍兴·一模）Today’s chefs follow tested recipes, but until Boston cooking teacher Fannie Merritt Farmer, born in 1857,insisted on precise measurements, cooking was full of guesswork. As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. At 30, Farmer entered Boston Cooking School. She was an exceptional student and was hired as assistant director upon graduation in 1889, becoming principal two years later. While there, she used a cookbook by the school’s first principal, Mrs. Lincoln, who wrote that good cooks “measure by judgment and experience.” However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance. In 1896, she took her 700-page The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book to a publisher. Initially, the publisher doubted its success, but Farmer paid the printing costs herself. Sales took off immediately. Her revised edition sold over 400,000 copies, making it the best-selling cookbook of its time. After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. Despite a stroke in her 50s that caused further paralysis, she continued lecturing nationwide, earning the title “Mother of Level Measurements.” She gave her last lecture just ten days before her death in 1915. The New York Times credited her for “bringing a scientific approach to cooking” and writing a cookbook that “defined American food for the 20th century.” 1. What inspired Farmer to focus on precise measurements in cooking? A. The suggestions from a famous publisher. B. The influence of Mrs. Lincoln’s cookbook. C. The experience of teaching a neighbor’s child. D. The requirements of the Boston Cooking School. 2. What made Fannie Farmer stand out from other women? A. Overcoming her physical disability. B. Establishing her own cooking school. C. The 400,000 copies of 700-page revised edition. D. The first female lecturer at Harvard Medical School. 3. Which of the following best describes Fannie Farmer? A. Strict and traditional. B. Patient and reserved. C. Determined and innovative. D. Humorous and independent. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. Changes of cooking tools. B. The life of a cooking pioneer. C. The history of cooking schools. D. Challenges in publishing cookbooks. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了烹饪先驱Fannie Merritt Farmer的生平：她坚持精准测量，编写经典食谱，创办学校，成为哈佛医学院首位女性讲师，推动烹饪科学化。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. (在教邻居的孩子做饭时，她意识到诸如“一撮”或“一块”这样的指令毫无用处，认为精确的测量会让烹饪更简单，结果更稳定)”可知，教邻居孩子做饭的经历启发她关注烹饪中的精准测量。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. (她的专业知识为她赢得了哈佛医学院的讲师职位，她是首位获此职位的女性)”可知，成为哈佛医学院首位女性讲师是她区别于其他女性的地方。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段“As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. (十几岁时，范妮患了一种疾病，导致左腿瘫痪。尽管如此，她还是坚持自己对烹饪的热爱)”、第三段“However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance.(然而，法默在自己的烹饪书中说，“正确的测量是绝对必要的。”她使用新的量杯，给出了精确的测量和详细的说明，没有留下任何偶然的机会)”以及第四段“After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. (在波士顿烹饪学校任教11年后，她创办了自己的学校，专注于家庭主妇。她开创了为病人做饭的先河，出版了她认为自己在这方面最重要的作品)”可知，她身有残疾仍坚持追求烹饪事业、坚持精准测量并编写新食谱，并开创病人饮食烹饪领域，由此可推知，她既有决心又具创新性。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍了Fannie Merritt Farmer出生时间以及她对烹饪精确测量的坚持，接着讲述她因教邻居孩子做饭意识到精确测量重要性，然后介绍她在波士顿烹饪学校的经历、出版烹饪书的情况，之后又提到她创办自己的学校、为病人烹饪、成为哈佛医学院首位女讲师以及晚年仍坚持演讲等，整体围绕她一生的经历展开，突出了她作为烹饪先驱的贡献，所以文章主要是关于这位烹饪先驱的生平。故选B项。 09（25-26高三上·江西·月考）The librarians at Baton Rouge’s public libraries have always taken pride in answering every question, from recipes to football events. But after the catastrophic 2016 floods, the questions changed. People urgently needed to know how to contact FEMA, get help with bills, or find a homeless shelter. These needs went far beyond books; people required time, guidance, and practical help. Recognizing this, the libraries partnered with Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit. In 2017, they launched a 90-day pilot program, stationing VOAGBR caseworkers in three library branches three nights a week. Melissa Peeler, a worker of VOAGBR, initially wondered if anyone would approach her. That evening, only a homeless man seemed to notice her. When he finally asked what she was doing, she explained she was there to offer social service help. “I just need a place to sleep,” he said. Melissa provided a list of shelters and pointed out VOAGBR’s nearby drop-in center, which offered showers, computers, and even could assist with obtaining identity documents. “Really? I never knew that. Thanks! I’m glad you’re here,” he replied. Word spread. Soon, people came to Melissa with complex needs — finding jobs, securing donated school supplies — questions traditional librarians couldn’t answer. “Before I talked to you, I didn’t know what to do,” one woman thanked her. The program’s impact became undeniable. One day, a man made a beeline for Melissa, proudly showing a VOAGBR ID from the drop-in center. “I don’t know what I would have done without you guys!” he said. The pilot program was renewed for a full year. In just six months, VOAGBR assisted 248 people in the libraries they might not have reached otherwise, expanding services to include programs like monthly free legal advice. People now depend on this presence. Baton Rouge’s libraries hold books full of wisdom, but what the libraries and VOAGBR offer is a different kind of guidance — one of immediate compassion and community support, truly bringing the spirit of service to life. 1. Why did the libraries partner with VOAGBR? A. To meet people’s practical needs. B. To help find affordable housing. C. To answer book-related questions. D. To rescue people affected by the floods. 2. How was Melissa’s experience in the program? A. Worrying. B. Disappointing. C. Moving. D. Rewarding. 3. Which word can best describe the program? A. Temporary. B. Fruitful. C. Conventional. D. Time-consuming. 4. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To describe a scene. B. To add some details. C. To highlight the theme. D. To present new views. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述巴吞鲁日公共图书馆与公益组织合作，为民众提供实用帮扶服务，将图书馆的服务精神从答疑拓展到人文关怀的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These needs went far beyond books; people required time, guidance, and practical help. (这些需求远远超出了书籍的范畴；人们需要时间、指导和切实的帮助。)”可知，在洪灾后，人们的需求远超书籍范畴，人们需要的是实际帮助，结合第二段中的“Recognizing this, the libraries partnered with Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit. (意识到这一点后，图书馆与非营利组织美国巴吞鲁日志愿者协会展开了合作。)”可知，这些图书馆意识到这一点后，便与VOAGBR合作，由此可知，图书馆与该组织合作是为了满足人们的实际需求。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Melissa Peeler, a worker of VOAGBR, initially wondered if anyone would approach her. That evening, only a homeless man seemed to notice her. When he finally asked what she was doing, she explained she was there to offer social service help. “I just need a place to sleep,” he said. Melissa provided a list of shelters and pointed out VOAGBR’s nearby drop-in center, which offered showers, computers, and even could assist with obtaining identity documents. (VOAGBR机构的工作人员梅利莎・皮勒起初还在担心，会不会有人主动向她求助，那天晚上，似乎只有一个流浪汉注意到了她，当他终于开口问梅利莎在做什么时，梅利莎解释说，她是来这里提供社会服务帮扶的，“我只需要一个能睡觉的地方。”他说，梅利莎随即给了他一份收容所名单，还向他指明了VOAGBR机构就在附近的日间救助中心，那里不仅能提供淋浴、电脑等服务，甚至还可以协助办理身份证件。)”以及第四段中的“Word spread. Soon, people came to Melissa with complex needs — finding jobs, securing donated school supplies — questions traditional librarians couldn’t answer. “Before I talked to you, I didn’t know what to do,” one woman thanked her. (消息传了开来，很快就有人带着各种复杂的需求来找梅利莎——找工作、申领捐赠的学习用品，这些都是传统图书管理员解答不了的问题。“在跟你聊之前，我真的不知道该怎么办。”一位女士向她道谢。)”可知，梅丽莎从最初的担忧到收获人们的感谢，她的经历是有意义且值得的。“Rewarding”（有意义的、值得的）最能描述她的体验。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The pilot program was renewed for a full year. In just six months, VOAGBR assisted 248 people in the libraries they might not have reached otherwise, expanding services to include programs like monthly free legal advice. (这个试点项目被续签为全年项目。仅仅六个月时间，VOAGBR就在图书馆帮助了248名原本可能无法接触到这些服务的人，还将服务拓展到每月免费法律咨询等项目。)”可知，这个项目成效显著、成果丰硕。“Fruitful”（成果丰硕的）最能形容该项目。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Baton Rouge’s libraries hold books full of wisdom, but what the libraries and VOAGBR offer is a different kind of guidance — one of immediate compassion and community support, truly bringing the spirit of service to life. (巴吞鲁日的图书馆收藏着充满智慧的书籍，但图书馆与VOAGBR共同提供的，是一种别样的指引——一种饱含即时关怀与社区支持的指引，真正将服务精神落到了实处。)”可知，最后一段升华了文章主旨，强调了图书馆与公益组织合作的意义，突出了人文关怀的主题。故选C项。 10（25-26高三上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Lea Salonga stands as a pioneering force in musical theatre, a Filipino star who gained an international reputation by originating the title role in Miss Saigon at 18 in London’s West End. This role launched her international career, earning her both Olivier and Tony Awards, and solidified her place in theatre history. Salonga’s journey began with singing at family parties in the Philippines. At six, she auditioned for The King and I, debuting at seven, and later joined Repertory Philippines, performing in musicals like Fiddler on the Roof and The Sound of Music as Brigitta. Raised in a musical household — her brother is a composer, conductor, and arranger — she had a relatively normal childhood, attending regular school, taking piano and ballet lessons, and being supported by her mother who managed her career. “My parents supported me, but they told me education is important,” she said. “They said show business is changeable, and I saw that too — some stars became nobody quickly.” She even enrolled in university to study medicine, planning to shift to psychology if theatre didn’t work out. Her achievements are groundbreaking. Miss Saigon made her a household name, and her Disney voice work expanded her reach. In Les Misérables, Salonga made history again as the first Asian Éponine on Broadway in 1993. Initially unfamiliar with the show, she soon became obsessed. “Just as Hamilton is now to musical lovers, Les Misérables was that to me. To this day, I’m sure I can recall most of the lyrics,” she said. Despite the challenge of playing a role traditionally held by white actors, she succeeded, later trying the role of Antine in a revival that embraced diverse casting. Most notably, she broke racial barriers in musical theatre, paving the way for Asian actors in leading roles on Broadway and beyond. Her connection to Les Misérables remains profound, and her upcoming tour, Stage, Screen and Everything In Between, will celebrate her career, including highlights from the show. 1. What made Salonga study medicine? A. Her parents forced her to choose a stable career. B. She aimed to switch to psychology after her medical studies. C. She and her parents considered show business unstable. D. Her brother failed to support her theatre career. 2. Which musical initially won Salonga’s global fame? A. The King and I. B. Miss Saigon. C. Les Misérables. D. The Sound of Music. 3. What is Salonga’s connection with Les Misérables? A. She played both Éponine and Antine as an Asian. B. She was as obsessed with Les Misérables as with Hamilton. C. She starred in the original performance of the musical. D. She will leave out songs from the show in her tour to come. 4. Which of the following best describes Salonga’s career life? A. Use it or lose it. B. No sweat, no sweet. C. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.D. He who dares wins. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾音乐剧明星莉娅·萨隆加的职业生涯，包括其早年经历、标志性角色成就及在打破种族壁垒方面的开创性贡献。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的““My parents supported me, but they told me education is important,” she said. “They said show business is changeable, and I saw that too — some stars became nobody quickly.” She even enrolled in university to study medicine, planning to shift to psychology if theatre didn’t work out. (“父母很支持我，但他们告诉我教育至关重要，” 她说，“他们说演艺圈变幻莫测，我也亲眼见过——有些明星转瞬就过气了。”她甚至考上了大学攻读医学专业，计划要是演艺事业没成，就转行学心理学)”可知，萨隆加选择学医是因为她和父母都认为演艺界不稳定。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lea Salonga stands as a pioneering force in musical theatre, a Filipino star who gained an international reputation by originating the title role in Miss Saigon at 18 in London’s West End. This role launched her international career, earning her both Olivier and Tony Awards, and solidified her place in theatre history. (莉娅·萨隆加是音乐剧领域的开创性力量，这位菲律宾明星18岁时在伦敦西区原创了《西贡小姐》的主角角色，由此获得国际声誉。这一角色开启了她的国际演艺生涯，为她赢得了奥利弗奖和托尼奖，也奠定了她在戏剧史上的地位)”可知，最初让萨隆加获得全球声誉的音乐剧是《西贡小姐》。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Les Misérables, Salonga made history again as the first Asian Éponine on Broadway in 1993. Initially unfamiliar with the show, she soon became obsessed. “Just as Hamilton is now to musical lovers, LesMisérables was that to me. To this day, I’m sure I can recall most of the lyrics,” she said. Despite the challenge of playing a role traditionally held by white actors, she succeeded, later trying the role of Antine in a revival that embraced diverse casting. (1993 年，萨隆加在《悲惨世界》中再创历史，成为百老汇首位饰演Éponine的亚裔演员。起初她对这部剧并不熟悉，很快便深深着迷。“就像如今《汉密尔顿》对于音乐剧爱好者的意义一样，《悲惨世界》当年对我来说就是如此。直到现在，我相信自己仍能回忆起大部分歌词，” 她说。尽管饰演这一传统上由白人演员担任的角色颇具挑战，但她依然取得了成功，后来还在一部倡导多元选角的复排版本中出演了Antine一角)”可知，萨隆加作为亚洲演员在《悲惨世界》中分别饰演了Éponine和Antine两个角色。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，萨隆加从菲律宾的家庭聚会唱歌起步，勇于挑战经典音乐剧角色，成为百老汇首位饰演相关角色的亚洲演员，打破了种族壁垒，其职业生涯体现了“勇于尝试就能成功”的精神。“He who dares wins.”意为“勇者胜”，最能描述她的职业生涯。故选D项。 01（25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·月考）The great elephant stands in the hot African sun. Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. The beast’s great gray skin is partly broken and aged from the African sun. Some mud drops on one side from its last trip to a nearby river. Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. I peer through the lens at this scene. The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. I can suddenly feel its soul, and feel the line of elephants that came before this one, trailing back to the very beginnings of this great savanna. We will never understand what wonders this ancient being and its kind have seen and whispered to each other across the ages on this old, sacred grassland. It looks at me, and it looks through me and sees me. The elephant knows I am there. It always did. It is not running away, nor is it fighting. It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” 1. Which word can best describe the elephant in the first two paragraphs? A. Mysterious. B. Depressed. C. Aggressive. D. Graceful. 2. What does the shift in focus from the elephant to others imply in Paragraph 3? A. The elephant is about to be attacked. B. The author is losing interest in the elephant. C. The elephant is part of a larger and living world. D. The author wants to show the savanna’s dangers. 3. How does the author feel when seeing through the lens? A. He is deeply moved and filled with sympathy. B. He is overwhelmed by the elephant’s strength. C. He is annoyed at the presence of other animals. D. He is shocked and scared by the elephant’s scars. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature calms our anger. B. Nature purifies our souls. C. Nature heals our wounds. D. Nature enriches our imagination. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的猎人视角，描绘一头饱经风霜却优雅悲悯的非洲象，其凝视触发作者的良知觉醒，最终放弃猎杀。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. (这只野兽慢慢地抬起头，它粗壮的鼻子巧妙地卷曲在附近一棵树的叶子上，把叶子抽出来，礼貌地塞进嘴里。)”和第二段中“Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. (它粗糙的毛发从皮肤上伸出来，两根巨大的白色象牙从嘴的两侧优雅地弯曲着。)”可知，前两段通过细致动作和雅致的外貌展现大象的优雅。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. (在某个地方，一只狮子在吼叫，还有别的什么东西发出了响亮的叫声。一只秃鹫飘过这个世界的上空，在天空中只是一个黑点。无数的灌木昆虫的嗡嗡声似乎集体提高了音调，几乎就像整个热带草原都在唱着只有它们才知道的歌。)”可知，该段描写狮子吼叫、秃鹫盘旋、昆虫鸣叫，并将之比喻为“草原的合唱”，表明大象与其他生物共存于这一生态系统中。因此，镜头从大象转向其他生物，意在展示大象是广阔鲜活世界的一部分。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. (变焦镜头几乎展示了这头大象的每一个细节：它的左耳上有三个小伤口，这是它小时候在荆棘树下玩耍时留下的，它的前腿上有一个伤疤，那是它年轻时被狮子在不知道的情况下抓住的，它那又大又珍贵的象牙上有几十年生活在这片尘土飞扬的大陆上无情的草原上的风化。)”和第五段中“And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. (然后大象看着我。它用那双长着睫毛的大眼睛看着我，从那巨大而隐蔽的深处发出一种温暖。)”可知，作者透过镜头看到大象的沧桑与灵性，他深受触动且充满同情。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第六段中“It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. (它接受和原谅。它去爱。但最主要的是，它只是感到悲伤。它为我感到难过。我不能再这样下去了。)”和最后一段“I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” (我把视线从瞄准具上移开，把枪还给了我的搭档。“我们回家吧，”我轻声说，“我们就回家吧。”)”可知，大象的凝视使作者放下猎枪，选择离开，体现自然唤醒人性良知，即“自然净化心灵”。故选B项。 02（2025·陕西·模拟预测）As a child, Brian Fisher dreamed of becoming a botanist. While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching. Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. Soon, Fisher set himself the goal of identifying every species of ant in the world, and he aims to construct a tree of ant species. Fisher, along with his team, has already succeeded in identifying a complete subfamily of ants. It was his ant species tree that led Fisher to Madagascar, an island off the coast of Africa. During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured (忍受) severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. “You cannot preserve a forest when the people living nearby are hungry,” he states, so he sought out methods to assist those individuals. He developed a new method for farming eatable insects, which he then taught to the people of Madagascar. Fisher understands what is required to build a career in the field of science. “To survive as a scientist,” he explains, “you must be motivated, driven, and fully focused.” He also emphasizes that being a good writer is essential, as it allows you to “share your story in an engaging way that will make people want to read your work.” Once Fisher’s species tree is fully completed, it may unlock an entirely new world of ant research. However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. 1. What initially contributed to Fisher’s changing his career? A. His childhood dream of saving ants. B. The aim of creating ant species tree. C. His experience of studying plants. D. The ant scientist’s encouragement. 2. Which word best describes Fisher’s journey in Madagascar? A. Eventful. B. Debatable. C. Unsuccessful. D. Costly. 3. What does Fisher intend to do? A. Focus on scientific writing. B. Protect the natural ecology. C. Improve farming techniques. D. Learn about ant species’ habitats. 4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To promote Fisher’s ant species tree. B. To explain Fisher’s research methods. C. To introduce Fisher’s career philosophy. D. To outline Fisher’s scientific research. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了昆虫学家布莱恩·费希尔从植物学家转向蚂蚁研究、在马达加斯加进行野外考察并推动生态保护的经历，展现其科学追求与社会责任感。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching. Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. (在进行植物考察之旅时，费希尔开始对自己在研究对象植株上发现的蚂蚁产生了诸多疑问。由于其他植物学家都无法识别这些蚂蚁的种类，费希尔便主动联系了一位蚂蚁研究专家，以求深入学习相关知识。后来，他成了一名昆虫学家，也就是专门研究昆虫的科学家)”可知，费希尔正是在植物学研究过程中对蚂蚁产生疑问并寻求专业知识，进而改变职业成为昆虫学家的，因此研究植物的经历是他职业转变的最初诱因。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured (忍受) severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. (马达加斯加长达六个月的雨季是观察蚂蚁的黄金时期，但费希尔在当地开展研究期间，不仅自己患上了严重的疾病，他和团队还遭遇了频繁的暴雨、桥梁坍塌、崎岖难行的道路，以及推车脱困等种种难题。即便如此，他在这片土地上所做的工作，意义早已远超蚂蚁研究本身)”可知，费希尔在马达加斯加的研究之旅既遭遇了多重挑战，又取得了超出蚂蚁研究范畴的成果。因此这段经历充满了各种事件和变故，eventful“多事的，多变故的”最能准确描述其经历。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. (如果蚂蚁的自然栖息地不断消失，我们又该从何入手去研究它们呢？费希尔希望，自己能让更多人意识到地球生物多样性的重要意义)”可知，费希尔希望唤起人们对地球生物多样性的重视，以应对栖息地消失问题，这实质上是在呼吁保护自然生态环境。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章按照时间和逻辑顺序，梳理了费希尔从植物学转向昆虫学的过程、研究中的艰辛与贡献、科研理念以及面临的挑战。由此推知，作者撰写此文的主要目的是概述费希尔的科学研究成果。故选D。 03（2025·浙江·一模）My husband, children and I were in Hawaii. Here, we were introduced to the ancient Hawaiian concept of mālama (to care for) which encourages visitors to give back to the environment and local communities through activities like habitat restoration, beach cleanups or food provision. But mālama goes beyond eco-tourism — it’s about leaving a place better than you found it. And after seeking out these experiences during a three-week stay, we found mālama not only improves Hawaii, but it also made our time there much more meaningful. Mālama volunteer experiences are found across the islands. For example, on Maui, you can help restore native forests and volunteer at a nursery; while on O’ahu, visitors can clear invasive algae from Maunalua Bay. In some cases, travelers booking with partnering hotels and participating in designated activities will qualify for a discounted — or even free — night at dozens of hotels and resorts. “Mālama today is more vital than ever,” our guide Rogers said. “Too many tourists walk carelessly on our land, ignoring restrictions and damaging sensitive ecosystems... don’t just think Hawaii is beautiful; help keep it that way. It’s a shared responsibility.” As Rogers explained, mālama isn’t just about seeing or appreciating a landscape; it invites visitors to connect and contribute to it, with the idea that caring for a place fosters a stronger relationship with it. After eight days, we ventured to Molokai, Hawaii’s least developed island. No resorts or chain stores spoiled its wild beauty — just dramatic cliffs meeting rough seas. Deep in the eastern wilderness, we met Greg Solatario, whose family has taken care of this land for generations. His simple off-grid life perfectly embodied mālama. Greg welcomed us warmly before leading us through jungle-covered ruins of ancestral villages. As we approached, his son Devak blew a conch shell — a traditional request to enter. “The land remembers,” Greg explained, showing us medicinal plants and ancient fishing spots. His parting words stayed with me: “Mālama shouldn’t be just Hawaiian — the whole world needs this way of caring.” 1. How does the author present the topic in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By giving examples. C. By explaining a concept. D. By providing statistics. 2. What can Mālama volunteers experience in Hawaii? A. Developing Maunalua Bay. B. Reviving local forests. C. Asking for hotel discounts. D. Organizing big activities. 3. What do we know about Greg Solatario’s family? A. They built new resorts in the wild. B. They have long protected the land. C. They offered guided tours to locals. D. They fixed up the old village ruins. 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s trip in Hawaii? A. The wise improve what they enjoy. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. God helps those who help themselves. D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者一家在夏威夷旅行时，接触到古老的夏威夷“mālama(关爱)”理念，通过参与栖息地修复、森林恢复等相关志愿活动，既为当地环境和社区作出贡献，也让自身旅行更具意义，还介绍了不同岛屿的mālama实践及当地人对该理念的解读。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, we were introduced to the ancient Hawaiian concept of mālama (to care for) which encourages visitors to give back to the environment and local communities through activities like habitat restoration, beach cleanups or food provision. But mālama goes beyond eco-tourism — it’s about leaving a place better than you found it.(在这里，我们了解到古老的夏威夷“mālama(关爱)”理念，该理念鼓励游客通过栖息地修复、海滩清理或物资供给等活动，回馈环境和当地社区。但mālama不止于生态旅游——它意味着让一个地方比你发现它时更好。)”可知，作者在第一段围绕mālama理念，先介绍其定义，再说明其内涵，是通过解释概念来呈现主题的。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Mālama volunteer experiences are found across the islands. For example, on Maui, you can help restore native forests and volunteer at a nursery; while on O’ahu, visitors can clear invasive algae from Maunalua Bay.(在夏威夷群岛，随处可见mālama志愿者体验活动。例如在毛伊岛，您可以参与修复原生森林，或在植物苗圃担任志愿者；而在瓦胡岛，游客可以清理马努努阿湾的入侵藻类。)”可知，mālama志愿者能参与恢复当地森林的活动。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段“we met Greg Solatario, whose family has taken care of this land for generations.(我们见到了格雷格・索拉塔里奥，他的家族世世代代都在照料这片土地。)”可知，格雷格的家族长期保护这片土地。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“My husband, children and I were in Hawaii. Here, we were introduced to the ancient Hawaiian concept of mālama (to care for) which encourages visitors to give back to the environment and local communities through activities like habitat restoration, beach cleanups or food provision. But mālama goes beyond eco-tourism — it’s about leaving a place better than you found it.(我们全家在夏威夷旅行时，接触到了古老的“mālama(关爱)”理念。这个概念倡导游客通过修复生态栖息地、清洁海滩、捐赠食物等方式回馈当地环境与社区。但mālama的内涵远不止于生态旅游——其核心在于让每个到访之地因你的到来而变得更加美好)”可知，文章核心是作者一家践行mālama理念，通过志愿活动让夏威夷(他们所喜爱的旅行地)变得更好，同时自身旅行也更有意义，体现“改善所喜爱的事物”的内涵。选项 A“The wise improve what they enjoy(智者会改善他们所喜爱的事物)”符合这一主旨。故选A。 04（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）When you get a less desirable gift. people like to say, “It’s the thought that counts.” But with my mother’s gifts, you’ve really got to wonder, “What thought was that exactly?” My mother’s presents are never given to be mean; they are always presented with wide-eyed, innocent excitement. “Do you like it?” she always asks expectantly, and we nod our heads while we try to figure out what “it” is. Over the years, my mother’s Christmas presents have become well-known for the amusement — and sometimes horror — that they could cause. For instance, my mother once gave me a pair of bright red underwear, the kind that you see little girls wearing under their fancy dresses in old-timey pictures. Several years ago, she spent days working on a handmade clay (泥土) sculpture:a lovingly crafted, odd interpretation of my head. I took the clay head home and placed it on my bathroom counter as instructed. I soon discovered that few things terrify my two-year-old child more than a small, strange-looking version of his mother’s head staring at him while he was sitting on the toilet. Someone asked me what I hoped to get for this Christmas from my mother. “Oh nothing,” I explained. You don’t “hope” for gifts from her. They’re coming — whether you want them or not. But the weird, clueless, endless and enthusiastic love that comes with my mother’s gifts is the same love with which she raised me, and it’s hers and hers alone. She has always loved me for my boring personality unconditionally, and I — with all my eyerolls and sighs by the Christmas tree — love her unconditionally as well. There’s no better gift to give a child than the knowledge that they can be weird or awkward and still feel unconditionally loved. 1. Why does the author ask the question in paragraph 1? A. To express concern about the gifts. B. To point out her mother’s lack of taste. C. To suggest her mom’s thoughtlessness. D. To stress the strange nature of the gifts. 2. Which of the following best describes the clay sculpture? A. Lovely. B. Realistic. C. Unimaginative. D. Horrifying. 3. How does the author feel about her mothers gifts according to paragraph 4? A. Hoping they will improve. B. Amused by their strangeness. C. Accepting they’re unavoidable. D. Determined to prevent their arrival. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. Gift ideas for loved ones. B. Message from mother’s gifts. C. Art of accepting unwanted gifts. D. Family traditions of giving gifts. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者母亲送的礼物总是很奇怪，但这些礼物背后是母亲无条件的爱。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“When you get a less desirable gift. people like to say, “It’s the thought that counts.” But with my mother’s gifts, you’ve really got to wonder, “What thought was that exactly?” (当你收到一份不太理想的礼物时，人们喜欢说：“心意才是最重要的。”但是当我收到母亲的礼物时，你真的会忍不住想：“那到底是什么想法呢？”)”可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了强调母亲送的礼物很奇怪。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Several years ago, she spent days working on a handmade clay (泥土) sculpture:a lovingly crafted, odd interpretation of my head. I took the clay head home and placed it on my bathroom counter as instructed. I soon discovered that few things terrify my two-year-old child more than a small, strange-looking version of his mother’s head staring at him while he was sitting on the toilet. (几年前，她还花了好几天时间亲手制作了一个泥塑雕像：一个精心制作、造型奇特的我的头部雕像。我按照她的吩咐把泥塑头像带回家，放在了浴室的台面上。很快我就发现，对我两岁的孩子来说，没有什么比在他坐在马桶上时，有一个小小的、模样奇怪的妈妈头像盯着他更让他害怕的了。)”可知，这个陶土雕塑让作者两岁的孩子感到害怕，所以用Horrifying“令人恐惧的”来形容最合适。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Someone asked me what I hoped to get for this Christmas from my mother. “Oh nothing,” I explained. You don’t “hope” for gifts from her. They’re coming — whether you want them or not. (有人问我希望今年圣诞节从母亲那里得到什么礼物。“哦，没什么，”我解释道。你不会对她的礼物抱有“希望”。不管你想要与否，它们都会来的。)”可知，作者觉得母亲的礼物是不可避免的，无论自己喜不喜欢都会收到。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“But the weird, clueless, endless and enthusiastic love that comes with my mother’s gifts is the same love with which she raised me, and it’s hers and hers alone. She has always loved me for my boring personality unconditionally, and I — with all my eyerolls and sighs by the Christmas tree — love her unconditionally as well. There’s no better gift to give a child than the knowledge that they can be weird or awkward and still feel unconditionally loved. (但是，伴随着我母亲礼物的那种奇怪、无知、无尽而热情的爱，就是她养育我的那种爱，而且这种爱只属于她。她总是无条件地爱我那无聊的性格，而我——在圣诞树旁翻着白眼、叹着气——也无条件地爱着她。没有什么比让孩子知道，他们可以很奇怪或尴尬，但仍然能感受到无条件的爱更好的礼物了。)”可知，文章主要讲述了母亲送的礼物虽然奇怪，但背后是她对作者无条件的爱，这是母亲礼物传达的信息。故选B。 05（2025·西藏拉萨·一模）One day, as Nelly sorted through vegetable leftovers, especially corn husks (外壳) from her family kitchen, she noticed their soft feel and structure. What if these weren’t just waste, but raw material for something beautiful? Her first doll was an experiment. Using dried corn husks for the body and silky threads from corn cores for the hair, she built a tiny figure, dressed it in layered leaves, and painted on a face. Word soon spread. Visitors to her flower shop admired the dolls, often mistaking them for handicrafts. Encouraged by the response, Nelly began taking custom orders. Each doll was handmade, unique, and reflected her evolving technique. Today, she operates from a small studio space where she continues to handcraft these dolls to order. With no formal art training, she has taught herself how to subtilize natural materials, dry them for durability, and combine them with decorative elements like seeds, flowers, and leaves. Crafting one doll takes several days. First, the vegetable waste is carefully sorted, washed, and sun-dried. Nelly uses the husks to form the body, folding and folding them into shape. The corn milk is woven into hair, while dried flowers form necklaces or skirts. A final touch of paint brings out facial features, personality, and character. No two dolls are alike, and that’s exactly how Nelly likes it. Nelly’s journey hasn’t gone unnoticed. Her craft is now inspiring women in neighboring villages to explore similar ideas with plant waste, encouraging entrepreneurship at it grassroots level. In a region where economic opportunities can be limited, her model of self-employment, based on sustainable practices, is quietly empowering women to earn from their own homes, using nothing but kitchen scraps and creative instinct. 1. Which word can best describe Nelly’s doll-making craft? A. Sustainable. B. Conventional. C. Portable. D. Luxurious. 2. What does the underlined word “subtilize” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Handle. B. Protect. C. Analyze. D. Supply. 3. Why does Nelly want no two dolls to be alike? A. To follow market trends. B. To reduce production costs. C. To meet customers’ demands. D. To maintain artistic individuality. 4. How does Nelly’s model benefit women in her region? A. By providing factory jobs. B. By offering government allowances. C. By enabling home-based income. D. By helping them establish brand awareness. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奈莉将厨房蔬菜废料转化为手工娃娃，工艺独特可持续，其创业模式还赋能周边女性居家创收。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“What if these weren’t just waste, but raw material for something beautiful?(如果这些不仅仅是废弃物，更是用来创造美好事物的原材料呢？)”以及最后一段“In a region where economic opportunities can be limited, her model of self-employment, based on sustainable practices, is quietly empowering women to earn from their own homes, using nothing but kitchen scraps and creative instinct.(在经济机会往往有限的地区，她以可持续实践为基础的自主创业模式，正悄然赋予女性力量——仅凭厨余垃圾与创造本能，她们便能在家中实现经济自立)”可推知，奈莉的娃娃制作工艺以厨房蔬菜废料为原料，属于可持续的工艺。故选A项。 2. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“With no formal art training, she has taught herself how to subtilize natural materials, dry them for durability, and combine them with decorative elements like seeds, flowers, and leaves. (没有接受过正规的艺术训练，她自学了如何subtilize天然材料、将其干燥以增加耐用性，并把它们和种子、花朵、树叶等装饰元素结合起来.)”可知，“subtilize”与“dry”“combine”为并列的操作步骤，结合语境可推测其含义为“处理”，与“handle”意思相近。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Each doll was handmade, unique, and reflected her evolving technique.(每个娃娃都是手工制作，独一无二，并且体现了她不断精进的工艺)”以及第三段“No two dolls are alike, and that’s exactly how Nelly likes it. (没有两个娃娃是一模一样的，而这正是奈莉想要的效果)”可推知，奈莉希望娃娃各不相同是为了保持作品的艺术独特性。故选D项。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In a region where economic opportunities can be limited, her model of self-employment, based on sustainable practices, is quietly empowering women to earn from their own homes, using nothing but kitchen scraps and creative instinct.(在经济机会往往有限的地区，她以可持续实践为基础的自主创业模式，正悄然赋予女性力量——仅凭厨余垃圾与创造本能，她们便能在家中实现经济自立)”可知，奈莉的模式帮助当地女性实现了居家赚钱。故选C项。 06（2025·河南·二模）My son showed me what unconditional love looks like when he was only 3 years old. That was the day my sister and I saw each other again after many years. Even though I knew that my sister Mary had started her second round of chemotherapy for cancer, which was difficult for her body system and made her skin rough and covered in rashes, when I truly saw my beautiful sister being abused like a monster by this terrible disease, my tears immediately streamed down my face. That afternoon, Mary followed me into my living room. My son Cosmo ran in to see Mary, his beautiful golden curly hair shining brightly in the sunlight. I remember feeling a pit in my stomach at the time, worried that he might see her, be scared, or say something that could hurt her feelings. However, I was totally off base. Without hesitation, Cosmo hugged Mary’s lap. Gently holding her lap in his small hands, he gazed into her eyes — eyes the same bright blue as his own. “Boo boos?” he asked softly. Mary nodded, whispering, “Yes, Cosmo, I have boo boos.” In response, Cosmo leaned in and gave her two delicate kisses on her cheeks. Then he reached for a book and asked her to read to him. The two of them spent hours lost in the world of stories. Tears spilled out from my eyes. I was so amazed by my spirited, rough-and-tumble little boy, by the love and kindness he displayed with such a little gesture. I could see how much my sister was moved by his little words, his little hands, his sweet little kisses. Seven years later, Cosmo is 10 years old. He struggles with a learning disability and sensory disorder. Some days are difficult for him and frustrations build for all of us. But I hold that moment from seven years ago in my heart. I know his capacity for love and kindness. 1. Why did the author cry when she met Mary? A. She missed Mary very much. B. Mary suffered from loneliness. C. Mary started her second cancer treatment. D. She was sad about Mary’s physical changes. 2. What did the author mean by saying “I was totally off base”? A. She regretted bringing her son to see her sister. B. She felt guilty for exposing her sister’s condition. C. She worried her son may hurt his aunt unintentionally. D. She was surprised by her son’s gentle and loving reaction. 3. Which can best describe Cosmo’s relationship with his aunt Mary? A. Respectful but distant. B. Warm and affectionate. C. Complicated and tense. D. Friendly but unfamiliar. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To emphasize the importance of being kind to family. B. To show how a simple act of love can bring healing and comfort. C. To express the author’s deep admiration for her sister’s strength. D. To explain the difficulties of raising a child with learning disability 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子用爱和善意对待生病的姨妈，让姨妈感到安慰的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even though I knew that my sister Mary had started her second round of chemotherapy for cancer, which was difficult for her body system and made her skin rough and covered in rashes, when I truly saw my beautiful sister being abused like a monster by this terrible disease, my tears immediately streamed down my face.(尽管我知道我的姐姐玛丽已经开始了她的第二轮癌症化疗，这对她的身体系统来说很艰难，让她的皮肤变得粗糙且布满了皮疹，但当我真正看到我美丽的姐姐被这场可怕的疾病折磨得像怪物一样时，我的眼泪立刻夺眶而出)”可知，作者哭是因为她对玛丽身体上的变化感到悲伤。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“I remember feeling a pit in my stomach at the time, worried that he might see her, be scared, or say something that could hurt her feelings. However, I was totally off base.(我记得当时我心里一阵忐忑，担心他看到她会害怕，或者说出什么伤害她感情的话。然而，我完全想错了)”可知，作者原本担心儿子看到姐姐会害怕或说些伤害姐姐感情的话，但实际情况并非如此，所以“I was totally off base”指的是作者惊讶于儿子温柔且有爱的反应。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Without hesitation, Cosmo hugged Mary’s lap. Gently holding her lap in his small hands, he gazed into her eyes — eyes the same bright blue as his own.(科斯莫毫不犹豫地抱住了玛丽的腿。他用小手轻轻地抱着她的腿，凝视着她的眼睛——那双和他一样明亮的蓝眼睛)”以及“In response, Cosmo leaned in and gave her two delicate kisses on her cheeks. Then he reached for a book and asked her to read to him. The two of them spent hours lost in the world of stories.(作为回应，科斯莫凑过去，在她脸颊上轻轻地吻了两下。然后他伸手拿了一本书，让她读给他听。他们俩沉浸在故事的世界里，度过了几个小时)”可知，Cosmo毫不犹豫地拥抱了姨妈，温柔地握住她的手，还亲了她的脸颊，并让她给自己读书，他们沉浸在故事的世界里。由此可推断出，Cosmo和姨妈Mary的关系是温暖且充满深情的。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But I hold that moment from seven years ago in my heart. I know his capacity for love and kindness.(但我将七年前的那一刻铭记于心。我知道他内心充满爱与善良的能力)”以及结合文章主要讲述了作者的儿子用爱和善意对待生 病的姨妈，让姨妈感到宽慰的故事。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是展示一个简单的爱的行为是如何带来了治愈和安慰。故选B。 07（25-26高三上·辽宁·期中）Local fashion designer Amy Deal used her love of skateboarding to bring her community together. “I didn’t grow up here, ” explains Amy, 60, a member of the local traditional community. “I was adopted and came home five years ago, which puts me at 5 years old here.” She may technically be only a kindergartner, but she has accomplished an unbelievable amount in just five years. Since coming home, Amy, a former designer of high-end sportswear for brands like Puma and Reebok, had opened her own fashion shop, 4Kinship, one of the only community-owned shops in Santa Fe, NM. But she also wanted to build something special for the children in the area. “They face some challenges: we have high poverty and facility issues. I wanted to create a transformative space for their physical and mental health,” she says. “A skate park seemed to be a good fit.” “Staying active is really important,” Amy continues. “The community faces alarmingly high level of diabetes and obesity. Skateboarding is accessible from a cost standpoint — all you need is a board and a helmet — and you can do it alone or with friends. And I wanted them to feel cool, and skateboarding's kind of cool sport.” Two Grey Hills Skatepark has become a comfort zone in ways Amy never imagined. “I thought I was building it for the kids, but the reality is that it’s bringing our community together. It's an inter-generational space,” she says. “People are learning a lot of life lessons there: having confidence, falling down and getting up — that’s very transformative.” Not having grown up in the culture, Amy has found it extraordinarily meaningful to have a place where generations can come together: “Whenever children call me ‘Auntie Amy, come to see this’ at the skate park, it is one of the most joyful things ever. When I’m there, it’s just a feeling that I’m home.” 1. What can we learn about Amy from the first two paragraphs? A. She was born in the community. B. She had strong designing abilities. C. She once worked in a kindergarten. D. She opened the only community shop. 2. Why did Amy decide to build a skate park in the area? A. To renew the facilities. B. To improve children’s health. C. To expand her business plan. D. To help families escape poverty. 3. Which of the following best describes the impact of the Two Grey Hills Skatepark? A. Far-reaching. B. Short-lived. C. Damaging. D. Predictable. 4. What does Amy’s experience show? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Hard work finally pays off. C. Health is the key to success. D. A small action makes a difference. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。设计师艾米回到社区五年，凭借设计专长开店，还为改善孩子身心健康修建滑板公园，意外凝聚社区、促进代际交流，意义深远。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Since coming home, Amy, a former designer of high-end sportswear for brands like Puma and Reebok, had opened her own fashion shop, 4Kinship, one of the only community-owned shops in Santa Fe, NM.(前彪马（Puma）、锐步（Reebok）等品牌高端运动服装设计师艾米（Amy）返乡后，开设了自己的时尚店铺 “4Kinship”。这家店是新墨西哥州圣达菲市为数不多的社区所有店铺之一。)”可知，艾米拥有很强的设计能力。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“I wanted to create a transformative space for their physical and mental health,(我想为他们的身心健康创造一个具有变革意义的空间，)”和第三段““Staying active is really important,” Amy continues. “The community faces alarmingly high level of diabetes and obesity. Skateboarding is accessible from a cost standpoint——all you need is a board and a helmet——and you can do it alone or with friends. And I wanted them to feel cool, and skateboarding's kind of cool sport.(“保持活跃非常重要，”艾米接着说，“这个社区的糖尿病和肥胖症发病率高得惊人。从成本来看，滑板运动很容易参与——你只需要一块滑板和一个头盔，而且可以独自进行，也能和朋友一起玩。我希望他们能觉得自己很酷，而滑板正是一种挺酷的运动。”)”可知，艾米建滑板公园是为了改善孩子们的健康。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“I thought I was building it for the kids, but the reality is that it’s bringing our community together. It's an inter-generational space,” she says. “People are learning a lot of life lessons there: having confidence, falling down and getting up——that’s very transformative.(“我原本以为是为孩子们打造的，但实际上，它正在让我们整个社区凝聚起来。这里成了跨代交流的空间，”她说，“大家在这儿学到了很多人生道理：树立自信、跌倒后重新站起来 —— 这些都有着极大的改变力量。”)”可知，滑板公园的影响深远。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Local fashion designer Amy Deal used her love of skateboarding to bring her community together.(当地时尚设计师艾米・迪尔（Amy Deal）凭借对滑板运动的热爱，让自己所在的社区凝聚在了一起。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲艾米出于对滑板的热爱，为解决社区孩子的健康问题修建滑板公园，最终不仅帮助了孩子，还凝聚了整个社区、促进了代际交流，产生了意想不到的积极影响。这体现了“一个小小的行动能带来巨大改变”。故选D项。 08（25-26高三上·青海·月考）For more than ten years, I was a screen and TV writer, navigating the shark-filled waters of Hollywood. Despite the constant and unavoidable ups and downs of this life, I realized many of my dreams including working with stars like Lucas and writing an Emmy-winning TV show. Then, my life took an unexpected turn. In 2011, I agreed to teach a class. I discovered a deep love for it — the engagement with students and the stable income were welcome changes. As my writing career slowed, my wife encouraged me to pursue more teaching. I researched and found a position at UC Riverside. I said “Yes” to the interview, got the job, and within years became a professor. Academy became my focus, but I remained a writer at heart. I decided to write my first novel, free from deadlines, simply for the creative joy. In 2015, an email asked if I was interested in a talk in the community. I said “Yes”. The challenge was big; a 15-minute speech in front of 500 people and three cameras. However, I succeeded, and the talk was well-received. After the speech was uploaded to the internet, it led to an email from Publisher, suggesting a book on my talk’s topic. I instead recommended my novel. They asked if I wanted to launch a pre-sale campaign to attract readers. I said “Yes”. Publisher’s founder advised me to find an editor. Again, I said “Yes”. I hired Lauren Hughes, whose insightful feedback was incredibly encouraging. I accepted her notes and revised the manuscript. The pre-sale campaign sold over 300 books, generating interest from many readers. So my first novel was published. All this happened because I consistently said “Yes” to new opportunities, embracing challenges without knowing the outcome. This philosophy keeps me engaged against the pull of aging. As a professor, I urge students to be positive. I don’t know how my novel will be received, but when asked if I have a book out, I can proudly say “Yes”. 1. What did the author think of his work in Hollywood? A. It was steady and well-paid. B. It was tiring and disappointing. C. It was fruitful despite challenges. D. It was full of unbearable pressure. 2. Which word can best describe the pre-sale campaign? A. Unexpected. B. Nationwide. C. Demanding. D. Successful. 3. What can we know about the author? A. He has always lived in a state of instability. B. He faces the unknown and challenges bravely. C. He accepted teaching mainly for its high income. D. He viewed public speaking as an unavoidable duty. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Power of Saying “Yes”. B. A New Chapter in My Life. C. From Hollywood to Classroom. D. The Path to Becoming an Author. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者从好莱坞影视编剧，到转型成为大学教授、出版首部小说的人生经历。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Despite the constant and unavoidable ups and downs of this life, I realized many of my dreams including working with stars like Lucas and writing an Emmy-winning TV show.(尽管生活中不可避免地会有起起落落，但我实现了许多梦想，包括与卢卡斯这样的明星合作，以及创作一部获得艾美奖的电视节目。)”可知，作者认为自己在好莱坞的工作尽管有挑战，但它还是很有成果的。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“The pre-sale campaign sold over 300 books, generating interest from many readers. So my first novel was published.(预售活动售出了300多本书，引起了许多读者的兴趣。所以我的第一部小说出版了。)”可知，预售活动很成功。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“All this happened because I consistently said “Yes” to new opportunities, embracing challenges without knowing the outcome.(这一切的发生都是因为我始终对新机会说“是”，在不知道结果的情况下接受挑战。)”可知，作者勇敢地面对未知和挑战。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“All this happened because I consistently said “Yes” to new opportunities, embracing challenges without knowing the outcome.(这一切的发生都是因为我始终对新机会说“是”，在不知道结果的情况下接受挑战。)”可知，文章主要强调了说“是”的力量。故选A。 试卷第2页，共33页 试卷第1页，共33页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第07期 二轮复习微专题 专题04 阅读理解记叙文人物性格题和事件评价题 解析版 技能专区：洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货，培优补弱助手 高考真题记叙文考点解读 卷别 主题 话题 词数 细节 理解题 猜测 词义题 推理 判断题 主旨 大意题 2025全国一卷 人与自然 减少自来水微塑料污染新研究 331+135 2 2 2025全国二卷 人与自然 居家趋势推动了室内绿植产业 266+126 2 1 1 2025全国二卷 人与社会 餐厅创意改造丢弃食材引关注 340+135 1 2 1 2024新课标I卷 人与自然 引导公民科学记录生物多样性 364+122 3 1 2024新课标II卷 人与自然 介绍巴比伦微农场(BMF)优势 272+125 2 1 1 2024新课标II卷 人与社会 书评-阐述AI发展现状与前景 323+160 1 1 2 2024全国甲卷 人与自然 猫通过叫声嗅觉等来表达需求 311+124 2 1 1 2024全国甲卷 人与社会 医疗列车巡回服务于俄中东部 283+111 2 2 2023新课标I卷 人与社会 倡导过上简单的数字生活方式 322+107 1 2 1 2023新课标II卷 人与社会 印刷书籍和阅读对人类的意义 328+126 1 1 2 2023新课标II卷 人与自然 呼吁保护城市中的野生自然性 320+156 1 3 2023全国甲卷 人与社会 书评-倡导读者花时间去多读书 332+124 2 2 2023全国甲卷 人与自然 灰熊从濒危物种恢复遇新问题 295+103 2 2 2023全国乙卷 人与社会 烹饪节目鼓励尝试烹饪新习惯 319+149 2 2 2022新课标I卷 人与自然 科廷为解决食物浪费而的努力 344+130 3 1 2022新课标I卷 人与社会 减少孤独改善老人健康的项目 299+131 1 3 2022新课标I卷 人与社会 饮食的改变导致产生新的语言 339+153 2 1 1 2021新课标I卷 人与自然 发行鸭票促进水禽栖息地保护 300+127 1 1 1 1 2021新课标II卷 人与自然 开发一种机器监测放牧牛健康 307+133 4 2021全国甲卷 人与自然 保护区出生的部分黑犀牛现状 263+142 2 2 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 介绍澳大利亚用固定电话情况 315+120 1 2 1 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 塑料垃圾制作雕塑作品引关注 274+128 3 1 2021全国乙卷 人与社会 噪音与创造性思维关系的研究 338+112 3 1 阅读微技能07：人物性格题 1.题型解读 无论是叙事型或者记人型阅读理解记叙文，往往都涉及到人们或者公众对其人生事迹或贡献评价，选项多用一个形容词或者两个并列的形容词。注意人物性格形容词往往与具体行为、态度直接关联。 分类 例词 正面评价 brave勇敢的kind善良的optimistic乐观的reliable可靠的determined坚定的humorous幽默的generous慷慨的reserved内敛的ambitious有野心的sensitive敏感的creative有创造性的 负面评价 odd古怪的rude粗鲁的stubborn固执的selfish自私的impatient不耐烦的cowardly懦弱的 2.命题方式 设问方式以“Which of the following best describes...?”等引出问题。 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? (2024新课标I卷) 22. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? (2019全国I卷) 3.解题步骤 阅读理解记叙文“人物性格描述题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先整体把握文章大意、人物经历、事迹贡献、人物反馈，多为弘扬“真善美”主旋律主题。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，多为并列型，一对一错，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 4.跟踪训练 (2024新课标I卷阅读B片段)“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine – combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. … 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词some of Farber’s coworkers，think of him。 第二步：根据关键词定位到第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。unusual=odd，同义替换。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 阅读微技能08：事件评价题 1.题型解读 ①“活动评价题”试题大多出现在记叙文最后一题； ②属于复杂细节理解题，可能会涉及阅读材料多处； ③常见命题形式：Which of the following best describes…? 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? (2023新课标I卷) 26. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? (2021新课标II卷) 2.解题策略 阅读理解记叙文“活动评价题”的最优处理方法： 第一、先通读全文把握主旨，重点了解相关事件的前因后果和来龙去脉，为后续处理做铺垫。 第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，尤其是动词和形容词，注意提炼态度倾向。 第三、比对选项形容词的褒贬性，采用“排除法”，去伪存真确定答案。 3.跟踪训练 (2023新课标I卷B篇片段)… Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 解析：第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词describes, the impact of the program。 第二步：根据关键词定位到最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。far-reaching意义深远的predictable可预测的short-lived短暂的unidentifiable不可识别的。 第三步：比对选项得出答案A。 清北生实战经验反馈区 1.阅读理解记叙文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。 2.阅读理解记叙文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。 3.猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。 4.文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。 5.性格描述题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词描述，确定最佳答案。 6.标题概括题注意文章线索点睛作用，兼有概括性、新颖性和针对性。 模拟专区：练技能，补漏洞；练速度，提效能；提分数，强信心！ 第一部分：人物性格题专练8篇 01（25-26高三上·甘肃临夏·期末）While visiting Chicago from Michigan, Lavonne Schaafsma spent an afternoon in Millennium Park. On her way back to her car, she realized her purse was missing. Inside were her ID, credit cards, medication (药品), and several hundred dollars in cash. “I started to feel anxiety, first in my legs, then in my stomach and then right on top of my chest,” Schaafsma recalled. “I couldn’t think straight.” She retraced her steps for nearly an hour. Eventually, she entered a gift shop in a hurry and asked the cashier if anyone had turned in a black purse. The cashier’s eyes widened — someone had. Overwhelmed with relief, Schaafsma began to cry. The cashier then shared an unexpected story. About half an hour earlier, two women had entered the shop, visibly upset. They found the purse on a park bench and saw a man going through it. When they questioned him, he made an answer in a low voice that his wife had lost it. Sensing something was wrong, the women pretended the purse was theirs and managed to take it from him. Purse in hand, the women hurried to the gift shop and went inside. They waited for about half an hour to see if the owner would return, but when no one appeared, they left the purse with a security guard. Five minutes later, Schaafsma walked in. “These women who I don’t know saved me hours of canceling cards and rescued me from massive anxiety,” Schaafsma said. She regrets never being able to thank them for their courage and quick thinking. The experience has made her reflect on her own willingness to help strangers. “What act of kindness am I willing to do on behalf of someone I don’t know?” she often wonders. To the two strangers, she says, “Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.” 1. What trouble did Schaafsma encounter in the park? A. She took her car keys by mistake. B. She broke her medical record. C. She found her ID and books. D. She lost her black purse. 2. What does the underlined word “retraced” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Repeated. B. Forgot. C. Recorded. D. Recognized. 3. How did the two women get the purse? A. They bought it. B. They found it first. C. They took it bravely. D. A man gave it. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Schaafsma? A. Grateful and reflective. B. Brave and cautious. C. Devoted and generous. D. Patient and independent. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Schaafsma在公园丢失钱包后，两位陌生女士机智夺回钱包并转交，让她充满感激且引发自我反思的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While visiting Chicago from Michigan, Lavonne Schaafsma spent an afternoon in Millennium Park. On her way back to her car, she realized her purse was missing.(Lavonne Schaafsma 从密歇根州前往芝加哥游玩，在Millennium Park度过了一个下午。在返回停车处取车的路上，她发现自己的钱包不见了)”和第三段中的“Eventually, she entered a gift shop in a hurry and asked the cashier if anyone had turned in a black purse. The cashier’s eyes widened — someone had.(最后，她匆匆走进一家礼品店，询问收银员是否有人上交过一个黑色的钱包。收银员睁大眼睛，应声答道：有人交过)”可知，Schaafsma在公园遇到的麻烦是丢失了她的黑色钱包。故选D项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“She retraced her steps for nearly an hour. Eventually, she entered a gift shop in a hurry and asked the cashier if anyone had turned in a black purse.(她retraced脚步近一个小时。最后，她匆忙走进一家礼品店，问收银员是否有人上交过一个黑色钱包)”可知，Schaafsma丢失钱包后，为了寻找钱包，应该是沿着之前走过的路重新走了一遍。由此猜测retraced意为“重复（走过的路）”。A项Repeated（重复）符合语境。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Sensing something was wrong, the women pretended the purse was theirs and managed to take it from him.(察觉到不对劲，两位女士假装钱包是她们的，成功从他手里拿回了钱包)”可知，两位女士勇敢地从那个男人手中夺回了钱包。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““These women who I don’t know saved me hours of canceling cards and rescued me from massive anxiety,” Schaafsma said. She regrets never being able to thank them for their courage and quick thinking. (Schaafsma说：“这两位素不相识的女士，帮我省去了数小时注销各类卡片的麻烦，还让我摆脱了极度的焦虑。” 她一直很遗憾，始终没能当面感谢她们的勇敢与机智)”可知，Schaafsma心怀感激；再根据“The experience has made her reflect on her own willingness to help strangers.(这段经历让她反思自己是否愿意帮助陌生人)”可知，她善于反思。因此，Schaafsma是感恩且爱反思的人。故选A项。 02（25-26高三上·河北衡水·期末）Christine Rowsey spent three tough years working full-time as a financial risk analyst to support her 5-year-old son Bryson, while taking evening courses at a community college to pursue her nursing dream. “I didn’t have any money or possessions left; all I had was a fragile dream,” she recalled with emotion. That dream took root three years earlier, when she suffered the tragic loss of her husband, who had been diagnosed with cancer. Her husband fought for his life in the intensive care unit for seven months, undergoing more than a dozen operations. However, in the end, he left Christine forever. It was the sincere and constant support from the hospital’s nursing staff during that painful experience that inspired her to quit her original job and determinedly pursue a nursing career to help others the way she had been helped. Just as she was about to start formal nursing courses, her misfortunes brought her progress to a halt — her car was repossessed (收回). She couldn’t travel to class. Luckily, she discovered Volunteers of America (VOA) Michigan’s “Cars Helping People” program in Pontiac, which provided donated vehicles at fair prices for people in need, and she worked out a reasonable payment plan. She then enrolled in Oakland University’s one-year licensed practical nursing program, but she struggled with heavy tuition fees and the double pressure of studying hard as a top student and taking good care of Bryson. Another program run by VOA, the Health Profession Opportunity Grants, came to her rescue. It not only covered her full tuition but also offered an allowance for Bryson’s daily needs like food and gas, and even paid for her certification test fees. With the guidance from VOA’s employment specialist Rene DeLoach, who supported her through coursework, license application and job hunting, Christine finally achieved her goal. Now working as a licensed practical nurse at Riverview Health in Detroit, she is already pursuing her Registered Nurse certificate and sharing her inspiring story with young people. “VOA helped me rewrite my life exactly the way I wanted,” she said gratefully. 1. Why did Christine decide to work as a nurse? A. To care for her son. B. To inspire patients. C. To repay the kindness. D. To earn stable income. 2. What did VOA mean to Christine? A. A life changer. B. A famous charity. C. A training institution. D. A belief in her heart. 3. Which of the following can best describe Christine? A. Determined. B. Brilliant. C. Creative. D. Confident. 4. What does Christine’s story show? A. He who laughs last laughs longest. B. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. C. The road to hell is paved with good intentions. D. When the going gets tough, the tough get going. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4 D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Christine Rowsey在丈夫去世后，决定成为一名护士来回报社会，在面对重重困难时，得到了美国志愿者协会(VOA)相关项目的帮助，最终实现了自己的目标。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It was the sincere and constant support from the hospital’s nursing staff during that painful experience that inspired her to quit her original job and determinedly pursue a nursing career to help others the way she had been helped.(正是在那段痛苦的经历中，医院护理人员真诚而持续的支持，激励她辞去了原来的工作，坚定地追求护理事业，以她曾经被帮助的方式去帮助别人)”可知，Christine决定成为一名护士是为了报答曾经得到的善意和帮助。故选C项。 2. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Christine的话“VOA helped me rewrite my life exactly the way I wanted(VOA帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生)”以及前文提到的VOA对Christine在车辆、学费、生活费等方面的帮助可知，VOA对Christine来说意味着人生的改变者。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。文章在第一段中讲述Christine白天全职工作，晚上上课，坚持了三年；在第二段中讲述她丈夫去世后独自抚养儿子，并决心转行成为护士；在第三、四段中讲述在汽车被收回、面临重重经济压力时，她积极寻找资源，并最终在VOA帮助下克服困难，最终成功获得护士执照并找到工作(第五段)。整个故事展现了她在逆境中坚持不懈、意志坚定的品质。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中Christine的话“VOA helped me rewrite my life exactly the way I wanted(VOA帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生)”可知，文章讲述了Christine在面对失去丈夫、车辆被收回、学费高昂等重重困难时，没有放弃，而是努力追求自己的梦想，最终改写了人生，实现了目标。Christine的故事正好印证了谚语“When the going gets tough, the tough get going. (艰难之路，唯勇者行)”所表达的在困难面前，强者会迎难而上、更加努力奋斗的精神。故选D项。 02（2026·河北石家庄·一模）Technology has been the great divider in many communities. Innovations have happened so fast that the “old way” of doing things from 20 years ago now feels like a centuries-wide gap. As a result, senior citizens sometimes feel left behind for lack of knowledge in technology and the language around how it is used. Daily banking, neighborhood communication and shopping have become more difficult for those who grew up relying on a checkbook and a postal address. Even entertainment is complicated with subscriptions and services. Recently, young Aadi Kulkarni often watched his grandmother struggle to join family Zoom calls, open attachments and fill out online medical forms. It was more than staying connected in an online world; Kulkarni realized an entire generation struggled with weakening dignity and confidence. He also wanted his own generation to have the same type of respectful relationship he had with his grandmother. “What if,” he thought, “students like me, who grew up with technology, could help seniors like her feel less left behind?” So he founded TechPals. Kulkarni began with a few friends at the local library. They started by teaching the basics of smartphones. What he thought would be a few sessions turned into regularly scheduled events. Classes expanded to help seniors develop texting skills, use FaceTime, and, most importantly, recognize online scams (诈骗). To date, Kulkarni and TechPals have held over150 hands-on workshops at libraries, senior centers and retirement homes, in addition to offering online training sessions. More than 5,000 seniors have benefited. “I’ve learned that social impact doesn’t have to require millions of dollars or a massive platform,” says Kulkarni. “Sometimes, it starts with a few students, a library room and the courage to show up.” Digital literacy crosses the divide to help every generation access the amazing new world that technology has delivered to our living rooms. But technology is best when added to face-to-face relationships — like that created when a seasoned grandmother connects with a young grandson and both are eager to learn from each other. 1. What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A. New technology is progressing rapidly. B. A gap appears between generations. C. The elderly struggle with technology. D. Daily activities rely more on digital tools now. 2. Why did Kulkarni set up TechPals? A. To improve community life. B. To popularize digital knowledge. C. To build his own management skills. D. To enable seniors to join family Zoom calls. 3. What does the phrase “a seasoned grandmother” imply in the last paragraph? A. She has lived through many hardships. B. She is good at adding seasonings to food. C. She is mature and experienced in life. D. She is familiar with traditional ways of life. 4. Which words can best describe Kulkarni? A. Considerate and responsible. B. Learned and talented. C. Generous and honest. D. Courageous and ambitious. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3 C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了青年Aadi Kulkarni因目睹祖母面对网络和科技的困惑和懵懂，从而创立TechPals组织，教授老年人数字技能的故事。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“As a result, senior citizens sometimes feel left behind for lack of knowledge in technology and the language around how it is used. Daily banking, neighborhood communication and shopping have become more difficult for those who grew up relying on a checkbook and a postal address. Even entertainment is complicated with subscriptions and services.(因此，老年人有时会因缺乏相关技术知识以及对其使用方式的了解而感到被排斥。对于那些从小依赖支票簿和邮政地址生活的人来说，日常的银行业务、邻里间的交流以及购物都变得更加困难了。就连娱乐活动也变得复杂起来，因为涉及到订阅和各种服务。)”可知，该段主旨是老年人在面对科技时遇到困难。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Kulkarni realized an entire generation struggled with weakening dignity and confidence. He also wanted his own generation to have the same type of respectful relationship he had with his grandmother.(Kulkarni意识到，整整一代人都在经历着尊严和自信的不断丧失。他希望自己的这一代人也能拥有与他与祖母之间那种相互尊重的关系。)”和第四段““What if,” he thought, “students like me, who grew up with technology, could help seniors like her feel less left behind?”(他心想：“要是像我这样熟悉科技的学生能够帮助像她这样的老年人更好地融入社会，那该多好啊？”)”可知，Kulkarni建立TechPals是为了普及数字知识。故选B项。 3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“both are eager to learn from each other (双方都渴望相互学习)”可知，这种代际关系涉及“双向学习”，孙子的优势是全文铺垫的数字技术，因此祖母所能提供的，必然是与之形成互补的人生阅历与智慧。由此可知，该短语描绘的是一位经岁月沉淀而经验丰富、成熟老练的祖母形象，与“她成熟且有生活经验”含义一致。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Kulkarni realized an entire generation struggled with weakening dignity and confidence. He also wanted his own generation to have the same type of respectful relationship he had with his grandmother. (Kulkarni意识到，整整一代人都在经历着尊严和自信的不断丧失。他希望自己的这一代人也能拥有与他与祖母之间那种相互尊重的关系。)”和第五段“So he founded TechPals. Kulkarni began with a few friends at the local library. They started by teaching the basics of smartphones. What he thought would be a few sessions turned into regularly scheduled events.(于是他创立了TechPals组织。Kulkarni最初是和几位朋友在当地的图书馆一起开展活动的。他们起初只是教授智能手机的基础知识。他原本以为只是几节课的活动，结果却变成了定期举行的活动。)”可知，Kulkarni能体察到祖母乃至整个老年群体的困境，并主动采取行动去解决这个问题，这体现了他为他人着想的“体贴”和解决问题的“责任感”。故选A项。 03（2026·河北沧州·一模）In 1907, 37-year-old Maria Montessori opened her first school: Children’s House, a preschool that would transform children’s education. Today, the ideas of the Italian woman who started Montessori schools are still used in preschools all over the world. But back then, the idea that giving children fun activities would help them more than just memorize facts and do drills was very new. Though her innovations inspired a movement in young children’s learning, Montessori saw her work more simply. “I did not invent a method of education,” she wrote in 1914. “I simply gave some little children a chance to live.” Montessori was passionate about education from a young age. Born in 1870 and raised in Rome, she took a path that was different from what people expected for women at that time. Montessori studied engineering, and then applied to medical school at the University of Rome, telling a professor during her interview, “I know I shall become a doctor.” The school refused her because of her gender, so Montessori enrolled in(入学)the general university, studied physics, mathematics and natural sciences, and reapplied to medical school. She was admitted, becoming the first woman to enter the university’s Faculty of Medicine, and in July 1896, she became one of Italy’s first female doctors. Montessori’s medical work led her to the University of Rome’s psychiatric (精神病的) clinic. As part of her job, she visited institutions for children with mental disorders, searching for patients suitable for treatment at the clinic. It was here that her interest in child development intensified. She read extensively about children with learning differences. In 1898, Montessori spoke at Italy’s National Medical Congress in Turin, advocating for the idea that lack of adequate support and care for children with mental and emotional disorders caused them to misbehave. She developed her own teaching materials, and in 1907, she opened her first school. Montessori’s “auto-education” approach soon had the five-year-old children reading and writing. News of Montessori’s success spread quickly, and by 1908, her name was known around the world. 1. What was Montessori’s view on her educational method? A. She believed it was a creative method. B. She considered it a complex system of teaching. C. She saw it as a way to challenge traditional education. D. She thought it merely offered a chance for children to exist. 2 Why was Montessori initially refused admission to medical school? A. She didn’t pass the entrance exam. B. She lacked the necessary qualifications. C. The university didn’t accept female students then. D. She was rude to the professor during her interview. 3. What strengthened Montessori’s interest in child development? A. Her medical studies. B. Her passion for education. C. Her work at the psychiatric clinic. D. Her visit to children’s hospitals. 4. Which of the following can best describe Montessori? A. Careful and talented. B. Innovative and caring. C. Humorous and helpful. D. Generous and ambitious. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述蒙特梭利的教育理念、求学经历及她创办学校推动幼儿教育变革的事迹。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I did not invent a method of education,” she wrote in 1914. “I simply gave some little children a chance to live.(“我并没有发明一种教育方法，”她在1914年写道，“我只是给了一些小孩活下去的机会”)”可知，蒙特梭利认为自己的教育方式只是为孩子提供了生存的机会。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The school refused her because of her gender(这所学校因为她的性别拒绝了她)”可知，蒙特梭利最初被医学院拒收的原因是当时的大学不招收女学生。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段内容“Montessori’s medical work led her to the University of Rome’s psychiatric (精神病的) clinic. As part of her job, she visited institutions for children with mental disorders, searching for patients suitable for treatment at the clinic. It was here that her interest in child development intensified.(蒙特梭利的医疗工作让她进入了罗马大学的精神病学诊所。工作期间，她走访了多家精神障碍儿童机构，为诊所筛选适合接受治疗的患者。正是在这段工作经历中，她对儿童发展的兴趣愈发浓厚)”可知，是她在精神病诊所的工作增强了对儿童发展的兴趣。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “But back then, the idea that giving children fun activities would help them more than just memorize facts and do drills was very new(但在那个年代，让孩子通过趣味活动学习，比死记硬背和反复训练更有帮助的理念，是十分新颖的)，以及最后一段中的 “Montessori’s ‘auto-education’ approach soon had the five-year-old children reading and writing(蒙特梭利的 “自主教育” 模式很快就让五岁的孩子们学会了阅读和写作)”可知，她提出的教育理念和模式在当时极具开创性，推动了幼儿教育的变革。根据第五段中的 “As part of her job, she visited institutions for children with mental disorders, searching for patients suitable for treatment at the clinic(工作期间，她走访了多家精神障碍儿童机构，为诊所筛选适合接受治疗的患者)”，以及最后一段中的 “In 1898, Montessori spoke at Italy’s National Medical Congress in Turin, advocating for the idea that lack of adequate support and care for children with mental and emotional disorders caused them to misbehave. She developed her own teaching materials, and in 1907, she opened her first school(1898年，蒙特梭利在都灵举行的意大利全国医学大会上发表演讲，她主张精神与情绪存在障碍的儿童之所以行为失常，是因为缺乏足够的支持与关怀；她还研发了专属教具，并于 1907 年创办了第一所学校)”可知，她关注特殊儿童的成长需求，积极为他们寻求帮助并付诸实践。故选B。 04（25-26高三上·内蒙古赤峰·期中）In a city of wealth, comfort and fine food, there’s a quiet alley (小巷) in London’s Camden where passers-by often take several photos Sharing space with elegant cafes and world-class bars, a tiny fruit and vegetable stand seems to have been transported from a country road faraway. But what makes the stall even more remarkable in the heart of Camden is that payment is on the honor system — customers just throw coins into an old mailbox — and most of the items on offer are priced at £ 1 in a neighborhood where fresh food usually goes for much, much more. The greengrocer with a heart of gold — a Chinese immigrant in her 50s who runs this stall (货摊) alone — is rarely glimpsed by her grateful customers. Lena Wong rises before dawn to prepare to work in her small plot in Enfield, outside London. Depending on the season, she’ll harvest onions, eggplants, green peppers, etc. And she works several overnight shifts every week at a nursing home to supplement (补充) her and her husband’s modest salaries. All this started one day as she was selling produce in Enfield, and a young customer said that he barely earned enough to buy food. “I hate the idea of young people walking around hungry,” Lena Wong said. The seed was planted. “I want young people to feel that they’ re not forgotten, that they are treasured,” she said. “That not everyone is out for himself. I can make money anytime. Right now, I want to give young people a helping hand” Sometimes, when she arrives late in the day, customers get a chance to thank her in person. In return, she’s fond of offering botanical sayings that she collected from a life that has had its share of both joy and pain. Lena Wong likes to say, “Even in a field full of weeds, you can grow something — if you put in the effort.” 1. What is special about Lena Wong’s vegetable stall in Camden? A. It is run by a Chinese immigrant in her 50s. B. It is located in a quiet alley away from busy streets. C. It operates on an honor system with affordable prices. D. It offers a wide variety of exotic fruits and vegetables. 2. What inspired Lena Wong to start her vegetable stall? A. Her passion for gardening and farming. B. A young customer’s struggle to afford food. C. The high demand for fresh produce in Camden. D. Her desire to become famous in the community. 3. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? A. Nothing grows but weeds in poor soil. B. Life is always full of both joy and pain C. Lack of effort contributes to the stall’s failure. D. Hard work can lead to success despite challenges. 4. Which of the following best describes Lena Wong according to the text? A. Diligent and caring. B. Brave and careful. C. Ambitious and helpful. D. Optimistic and humble. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了伦敦卡姆登区一位华裔移民Lena Wong开设平价蔬果摊的善举，展现了她的勤劳与善意。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“But what makes the stall even more remarkable in the heart of Camden is that payment is on the honor system — customers just throw coins into an old mailbox — and most of the items on offer are priced at £1 in a neighborhood where fresh food usually goes for much, much more. (但让这个位于卡姆登中心的小摊更引人注目的是，它的付款方式是基于信任制度的，顾客只需把硬币扔进一个旧邮箱里，在一个新鲜食品通常要贵得多的社区，这个小摊大多数商品的价格都是1英镑)”可知，Lena Wong的小摊特别在于诚信付款制+平价。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“a young customer said that he barely earned enough to buy food (一位年轻顾客提到自己赚的钱几乎不够买食物)”以及““I hate the idea of young people walking around hungry,” Lena Wong said. The seed was planted. (Lena Wong说：“我讨厌年轻人得饿着肚子走来走去。”这颗种子就此种下了)”可知，Lena Wong开设小摊的灵感正是源于这位年轻顾客所面临的吃饭问题。故选B。 3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线句“Even in a field full of weeds, you can grow something — if you put in the effort. (即使在杂草丛生的土地上，只要付出努力，也能种出东西)”可知，这是一个比喻。结合Lena Wong帮助经济拮据年轻人的故事背景，此句生动地传达了其核心信念：即便处境艰难(杂草丛生的土地)，通过个人努力(付出努力)也一定能创造出价值与希望(种出东西)，符合D选项“尽管面临挑战，努力工作也能带来成功”。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Lena Wong rises before dawn (Lena Wong天还没亮就起床)”以及“she works several overnight shifts every week (她每周上几个夜班)”可知，她是勤劳的。根据第三段“want to give young people a helping hand (想帮年轻人一把)”可知，她是有爱心的。故选A。 05（25-26高三上·山东菏泽·期中）Every morning at 5:30 am, a quiet movement unfolds on a Kerala riverbank. Led by one man, Saji Valuvassery, this floating classroom is teaching people to swim — for free. More than a skill, it’s a lifeline, a community spirit, and a powerful reminder that courage can be contagious (具有感染力的). On a quiet February morning in 2009, a school picnic to the scenic spot near the Periyar River turned into a disaster. A boat carrying 15 kids and their teacher overturned in the river, leaving no survivors. The disaster shook Saji Valuvassery, a shop owner. Haunted (困扰) by the thought of the young lives lost, he began offering swimming classes in the very river that had taken them, for free. Little did he know that this simple gesture would turn the banks of the Periyar River into a place filled with laughter and community warmth. Saji began by teaching his own kids to swim, then their friends, and then a few kids from around the neighbourhood. Word spread. More kids came. Then adults. Today, that small effort has become the “Valasseril River Swimming Club”. Over 10,000 people have learned to swim here, and 2,000 children have been trained to swim across 780 metres of the river — all in one go. The swimming classes have also grown into a space for sharing knowledge and stories, where everyone who learns is encouraged to give back, keeping the spirit of community flowing as constantly as the river itself. “Once anyone passes their advanced swimming level, they are required to do 6 days of free service, to ensure others’ safety,” explains Saji. The Valasseril River Swimming Club teaches people from November to May. It pauses (暂停) during the monsoon season (季风季节) and reopens in November, when the river is calm and safe again. Every November, when it restarts, volunteers return voluntarily, led by their shared sense of purpose. When asked what keeps people coming back, Saji simply says, “People go to places where they find happiness.” 1. Why did Saji start the swimming classes? A. To connect with volunteers. B. To enrich community activities. C. To profit from teaching swimming. D. To stop people from dying in water. 2. What does the author want to show with the figures in paragraph 3? A. The challenge facing Saji’s swimming club. B. Saji’s wide influence on kids in the community. C. The popularity of swimming near the Periyar River. D. Saji’s remarkable achievement in swimming education. 3. What will advanced swimmers need to do after completing their training? A. Teach swimming skills for free. B. Serve as a short-term safety guardian. C. Share their stories with other learners. D. Volunteer during the monsoon season. 4. Which of the following best describes Saji? A. Selfless and caring. B. Courageous but impractical. C. Curious but impatient. D. Brave and generous. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述印度喀拉拉邦的萨吉·瓦卢瓦塞里因一场河难悲痛不已，随后在佩里亚尔河畔开办免费游泳班，多年来帮助上万人学会游泳，传递社区互助精神的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A boat carrying 15 kids and their teacher overturned in the river, leaving no survivors. The disaster shook Saji Valuvassery, a shop owner. Haunted (困扰) by the thought of the young lives lost, he began offering swimming classes in the very river that had taken them, for free. (一艘载有 15 名孩子和他们老师的船在河里翻覆，无人生还。这场灾难深深触动了店主萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里。想到那些逝去的年轻生命，他备受困扰，于是开始在那条夺走他们生命的河里，免费教授游泳课程。)”可知，萨吉开办游泳班的原因是不想再有人因溺水丧生。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over 10,000 people have learned to swim here, and 2,000 children have been trained to swim across 780 metres of the river — all in one go.(已有超过1万人在这里学会了游泳，2000名儿童接受了训练，能够一次性游过780米的河流。)”可知，作者通过列举具体数字，突出萨吉的游泳教学取得了显著成就。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Once anyone passes their advanced swimming level, they are required to do 6 days of free service, to ensure others’safety.(一旦有人通过高级游泳水平测试，他们需要提供6天的免费服务，以确保他人的安全。)”可知，高级游泳学习者完成训练后需要担任短期安全守护者，保障他人安全。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Led by one man, Saji Valuvassery, this floating classroom is teaching people to swim — for free (在萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里的带领下，这个 “水上课堂” 正在免费教人们游泳)”可知，萨吉开办的游泳课堂全程免费教学，没有任何盈利目的，这一行为完全摒弃了个人利益考量，是无私精神的直接。根据第二段“On a quiet February morning in 2009, a school picnic to the scenic spot near the Periyar River turned into a disaster. A boat carrying 15 kids and their teacher overturned in the river, leaving no survivors. The disaster shook Saji Valuvassery, a shop owner. Haunted (困扰) by the thought of the young lives lost, he began offering swimming classes in the very river that had taken them, for free.(一艘载有 15 名孩子和他们老师的船在河里翻覆，无人生还。这场灾难深深触动了店主萨吉・瓦卢瓦塞里。想到那些逝去的年轻生命，他备受困扰，于是开始在那条夺走他们生命的河里，免费教授游泳课程)”可知，萨吉因这场悲剧深感痛心，出于对他人生命安全的担忧，才决定开办游泳课，他的初衷就是为了避免类似的生命悲剧重演，这份对他人安危的牵挂充分展现了他的关怀之心。故选A项。 06（25-26高三上·云南昆明·月考）It’s all too common for some nonprofits to jump into countries to “fix” problems and then leave. When 23-year-old Maggie Grout started her nonprofit, she wanted to do the opposite Grout came up with the idea for Thinking Huts in 2015, when she was a teenager. The organization is a nonprofit dedicated to building schools in communities that need them. In 2022, Thinking Huts built its first 3D-printed school in the town of Fianarantsoa, a city in Madagascar. Now it’s preparing to uncover its second 3D-printed campus, nicknamed “Honeycomb (蜂巢)”, on the west coast of the African island. Thinking Huts’ method of constructing its schools takes a small part of the time that it would need to build a structure from scratch (从头做起), Grout says, with one “hut” taking just 18 hours and $40,000 to $50,000 to build. The campus consists of a handful of huts and use a honeycomb design with solar panels; they also have potable water, Wi-Fi, and toilets. The new campus will serve three villages in the southwestern region of the African island, where more than 200 students aged 4 to 16 live. Grout has considered launching Thinking Huts in a number of different countries. She settled first on Madagascar because it has both a struggling education system and a government that welcomes outsiders. As of 2022, roughly three out of four secondary-age children there were not attending school due to factors such as overcrowding and dangerous commutes, according to the United Nations. Grout’s long-term vision for the nonprofit is to bring it anywhere that would benefit from more access to education. “I think that education is at the root of solving all the other problems in the world.” Grout says. 1. What is the target for Thinking Huts? A. To fix problems at different campuses. B. To demonstrate 3D printing technology. C. To boost local economy in African towns. D. To found schools in needy communities. 2. What can be known about “Honeycomb”? A. It saves a lot of time. B. It is poorly-equipped. C. It consists of plenty of huts. D. It serves students in Fianarantsoa. 3. Why did Grout build the first 3D-printed school in Madagascar? A. The children there had no access to education. B. The United Nations sponsored the program there. C. The government invested much money in education. D. The education there is poor due to limited basic facilities. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Maggie Grout? A. Warm-hearted and brave. B. Well-informed and calm. C. Pioneering and ambitious. D. Diligent and adventurous. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了23岁的Maggie Grout创立非营利组织Thinking Huts，旨在为有需要的社区建造学校。该组织在马达加斯加建造了第一所3D打印学校，并准备建造第二所，其目标是让更多地方受益于教育机会。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The organization is a nonprofit dedicated to building schools in communities that need them(该组织是一个非营利组织，致力于在有需要的社区建造学校)”可知，Thinking Huts的目标是在有需要的社区建造学校。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Thinking Huts’ method of constructing its schools takes a small part of the time that it would need to build a structure from scratch(从头做起), Grout says, with one “hut” taking just 18 hours and $40,000 to $50,000 to build(格劳特说，“思维小屋”（Thinking Huts）建造学校的方式只需要从头开始建造一座建筑所需时间的一小部分，一个“小屋”仅需18小时，耗资4万至5万美元即可建成)”可知，“思维小屋”建造学校的方式只需要从头开始建造一座建筑所需时间的一小部分，一个“小屋”仅需18小时，可推理出“Honeycomb”节省了很多时间。故选A项。 3. 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“She settled first on Madagascar because it has both a struggling education system and a government that welcomes outsiders. As of 2022, roughly three out of four secondary-age children there were not attending school due to factors such as overcrowding and dangerous commutes, according to the United Nations(她首先选择了马达加斯加，因为那里既有困难的教育体系，又有欢迎外人的政府。据联合国称，截至2022年，由于过度拥挤和危险的通勤等因素，大约四分之三的中学适龄儿童没有上学)”可知，Grout在马达加斯加建造第一所3D打印学校是因为那里的教育由于基本设施有限而很差。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据原文第二段“Grout came up with the idea for Thinking Huts in 2015, when she was a teenager(Grout在2015年还是个青少年时就提出了Thinking Huts的想法)”可知，Grout在2015年还是个青少年时就提出了Thinking Huts的想法，可推理出她很有开创性；再根据最后一段“Grout’s long-term vision for the nonprofit is to bring it anywhere that would benefit from more access to education(Grout对该非营利组织的长期愿景是将其带到任何能从更多教育机会中受益的地方)”可知，Grout对该非营利组织的长期愿景是将其带到任何能从更多教育机会中受益的地方，可推理出她很有野心。由此可推知，Maggie Grout是一个有开创性和野心的人。故选C项。 07（25-26高三上·上海闵行·期中）Business success story Many teenagers spend their lives studying, playing video games and hanging out with friends — but not Henry Patterson, a teenage entrepreneur (创业者). The 15-year-old boy from Bedfordshire, a county in the East of England, started his business journey at the age of 9 when he launched his children’s brand, Not Before Tea. The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip, which is about a mouse and an owl who run a sweets shop. Patterson began by selling sweets, but he soon brought all the characters in the book to life — through products such as bags and soft toys. Today, the products are sold internationally, and Patterson has just secured investment to grow the brand further. At 12, his business had earned him 65,000 pounds (566,221 yuan). In fact, Patterson’s early school years were difficult, which he often described as “fire and ice”. He wasn’t consistent with what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃), which made him feel even lonelier. But these things didn’t hold him back. To cheer himself up, Patterson gradually immersed (使……沉浸) himself in designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them. His characters started to become popular. To battle his stammer, he tried to express himself clearly and even developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on important stages, such as at the National Retail Business Awards for Teenagers. Storytelling has been a key element in Patterson’s online business journey. Now at 15, Patterson wrote a business book called Young and Mighty, which describes his search for success and happiness and also covers some of the big issues that young people face: self-esteem, finding your voice, education and creativity.   He has also set up an online academy (学院) with the same name. It is for children aged 10 to 14, who are starting to think about their future and what motivates them. He believes that passion is what drives people to achieve extraordinary things. “If you don’t have a passion for what you do and love what you do then you won’t succeed,” he said. 1. What can we know about Not Before Tea? A. It is a sweets shop in Bedfordshire. B. Its birth was inspired by a storybook. C. It is a brand well known around the world. D. It has earned Patterson 65,000 pounds in total. 2. What happened to Patterson during his early school years? A. He struggled to fit in at school. B. He went to a lot of parties. C. He had difficulty writing stories. D. He wrote a business book. 3. Which of the following best describes Patterson? A. Brave and hardworking. B. Creative and strong-willed. C. Humorous and talented. D. Honest and independent. 4. What would Patterson probably agree with according to the text? A. Storytelling ability is key to business success. B. People should plan for their future as early as possible. C. Success cannot be achieved without passion. D. Passion decides whether a person can be extraordinary. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Henry Patterson从9岁开始创立品牌，克服诸多困难，最终在商业上取得成功并分享经验的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“launched his children’s brand, Not Before Tea (创立了自己的儿童品牌Not Before Tea)”以及第三段中“The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip (这个面向年轻人的生活方式品牌基于一本名为《Sherb和Pip的冒险》的故事书)”可知，该品牌的诞生灵感来自故事书。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In fact, Patterson’s early school years were difficult, which he often described as “fire and ice”. He wasn’t consistent with what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃), which made him feel even lonelier.(事实上，Patterson早期的学校生活很艰难，他经常将其描述为“冰与火”。他和同龄人不一样，因为他看世界的方式不同，他很少被邀请参加聚会或玩耍约会。他还有口吃，这使他更孤独)”可知，Patterson难以融入早期的学校生活。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Patterson gradually immersed (使……沉浸) himself in designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them (Patterson逐渐沉浸在设计不同动物、写相关有趣故事的事情中)”可知，Patterson有创造力。根据第五段“To battle his stammer, he tried to express himself clearly and even developed a love for public speaking (为了克服口吃，他努力清晰地表达自己，甚至爱上了公开演讲)”可知，Patterson勇敢面对并解决困难、意志坚定。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““If you don’t have a passion for what you do and love what you do then you won’t succeed,” he said. (他说：“如果你对你所做的事情没有热情，没有爱，那么你就不会成功。”)”可知，Patterson认为成功离不开热情。故选C项。 08（2025·浙江绍兴·一模）Today’s chefs follow tested recipes, but until Boston cooking teacher Fannie Merritt Farmer, born in 1857,insisted on precise measurements, cooking was full of guesswork. As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. At 30, Farmer entered Boston Cooking School. She was an exceptional student and was hired as assistant director upon graduation in 1889, becoming principal two years later. While there, she used a cookbook by the school’s first principal, Mrs. Lincoln, who wrote that good cooks “measure by judgment and experience.” However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance. In 1896, she took her 700-page The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book to a publisher. Initially, the publisher doubted its success, but Farmer paid the printing costs herself. Sales took off immediately. Her revised edition sold over 400,000 copies, making it the best-selling cookbook of its time. After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. Despite a stroke in her 50s that caused further paralysis, she continued lecturing nationwide, earning the title “Mother of Level Measurements.” She gave her last lecture just ten days before her death in 1915. The New York Times credited her for “bringing a scientific approach to cooking” and writing a cookbook that “defined American food for the 20th century.” 1. What inspired Farmer to focus on precise measurements in cooking? A. The suggestions from a famous publisher. B. The influence of Mrs. Lincoln’s cookbook. C. The experience of teaching a neighbor’s child. D. The requirements of the Boston Cooking School. 2. What made Fannie Farmer stand out from other women? A. Overcoming her physical disability. B. Establishing her own cooking school. C. The 400,000 copies of 700-page revised edition. D. The first female lecturer at Harvard Medical School. 3. Which of the following best describes Fannie Farmer? A. Strict and traditional. B. Patient and reserved. C. Determined and innovative. D. Humorous and independent. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. Changes of cooking tools. B. The life of a cooking pioneer. C. The history of cooking schools. D. Challenges in publishing cookbooks. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了烹饪先驱Fannie Merritt Farmer的生平：她坚持精准测量，编写经典食谱，创办学校，成为哈佛医学院首位女性讲师，推动烹饪科学化。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“While teaching a neighbor’s child to cook, she realized instructions like “a pinch” or “a lump” were not helpful, believing accurate measurements would make cooking easier and results more consistent. (在教邻居的孩子做饭时，她意识到诸如“一撮”或“一块”这样的指令毫无用处，认为精确的测量会让烹饪更简单，结果更稳定)”可知，教邻居孩子做饭的经历启发她关注烹饪中的精准测量。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Her expertise earned her a lecturer position at Harvard Medical School, the first woman to do so. (她的专业知识为她赢得了哈佛医学院的讲师职位，她是首位获此职位的女性)”可知，成为哈佛医学院首位女性讲师是她区别于其他女性的地方。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段“As a teenager, Fannie was stricken with an illness that paralyzed her left leg. In spite of this, she pursued her passion for cooking. (十几岁时，范妮患了一种疾病，导致左腿瘫痪。尽管如此，她还是坚持自己对烹饪的热爱)”、第三段“However, Farmer stated in her own cookbook, “Correct measurements are absolutely necessary.” Using newly available measuring cups, she gave exact measurements and detailed instructions, leaving nothing to chance.(然而，法默在自己的烹饪书中说，“正确的测量是绝对必要的。”她使用新的量杯，给出了精确的测量和详细的说明，没有留下任何偶然的机会)”以及第四段“After 11 years’ teaching at Boston Cooking School, she started her own school, focusing on homemakers. She pioneered cooking for the sick, publishing what she considered her most important work on the subject. (在波士顿烹饪学校任教11年后，她创办了自己的学校，专注于家庭主妇。她开创了为病人做饭的先河，出版了她认为自己在这方面最重要的作品)”可知，她身有残疾仍坚持追求烹饪事业、坚持精准测量并编写新食谱，并开创病人饮食烹饪领域，由此可推知，她既有决心又具创新性。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍了Fannie Merritt Farmer出生时间以及她对烹饪精确测量的坚持，接着讲述她因教邻居孩子做饭意识到精确测量重要性，然后介绍她在波士顿烹饪学校的经历、出版烹饪书的情况，之后又提到她创办自己的学校、为病人烹饪、成为哈佛医学院首位女讲师以及晚年仍坚持演讲等，整体围绕她一生的经历展开，突出了她作为烹饪先驱的贡献，所以文章主要是关于这位烹饪先驱的生平。故选B项。 09（25-26高三上·江西·月考）The librarians at Baton Rouge’s public libraries have always taken pride in answering every question, from recipes to football events. But after the catastrophic 2016 floods, the questions changed. People urgently needed to know how to contact FEMA, get help with bills, or find a homeless shelter. These needs went far beyond books; people required time, guidance, and practical help. Recognizing this, the libraries partnered with Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit. In 2017, they launched a 90-day pilot program, stationing VOAGBR caseworkers in three library branches three nights a week. Melissa Peeler, a worker of VOAGBR, initially wondered if anyone would approach her. That evening, only a homeless man seemed to notice her. When he finally asked what she was doing, she explained she was there to offer social service help. “I just need a place to sleep,” he said. Melissa provided a list of shelters and pointed out VOAGBR’s nearby drop-in center, which offered showers, computers, and even could assist with obtaining identity documents. “Really? I never knew that. Thanks! I’m glad you’re here,” he replied. Word spread. Soon, people came to Melissa with complex needs — finding jobs, securing donated school supplies — questions traditional librarians couldn’t answer. “Before I talked to you, I didn’t know what to do,” one woman thanked her. The program’s impact became undeniable. One day, a man made a beeline for Melissa, proudly showing a VOAGBR ID from the drop-in center. “I don’t know what I would have done without you guys!” he said. The pilot program was renewed for a full year. In just six months, VOAGBR assisted 248 people in the libraries they might not have reached otherwise, expanding services to include programs like monthly free legal advice. People now depend on this presence. Baton Rouge’s libraries hold books full of wisdom, but what the libraries and VOAGBR offer is a different kind of guidance — one of immediate compassion and community support, truly bringing the spirit of service to life. 1. Why did the libraries partner with VOAGBR? A. To meet people’s practical needs. B. To help find affordable housing. C. To answer book-related questions. D. To rescue people affected by the floods. 2. How was Melissa’s experience in the program? A. Worrying. B. Disappointing. C. Moving. D. Rewarding. 3. Which word can best describe the program? A. Temporary. B. Fruitful. C. Conventional. D. Time-consuming. 4. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To describe a scene. B. To add some details. C. To highlight the theme. D. To present new views. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述巴吞鲁日公共图书馆与公益组织合作，为民众提供实用帮扶服务，将图书馆的服务精神从答疑拓展到人文关怀的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These needs went far beyond books; people required time, guidance, and practical help. (这些需求远远超出了书籍的范畴；人们需要时间、指导和切实的帮助。)”可知，在洪灾后，人们的需求远超书籍范畴，人们需要的是实际帮助，结合第二段中的“Recognizing this, the libraries partnered with Volunteers of America Greater Baton Rouge (VOAGBR), a nonprofit. (意识到这一点后，图书馆与非营利组织美国巴吞鲁日志愿者协会展开了合作。)”可知，这些图书馆意识到这一点后，便与VOAGBR合作，由此可知，图书馆与该组织合作是为了满足人们的实际需求。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Melissa Peeler, a worker of VOAGBR, initially wondered if anyone would approach her. That evening, only a homeless man seemed to notice her. When he finally asked what she was doing, she explained she was there to offer social service help. “I just need a place to sleep,” he said. Melissa provided a list of shelters and pointed out VOAGBR’s nearby drop-in center, which offered showers, computers, and even could assist with obtaining identity documents. (VOAGBR机构的工作人员梅利莎・皮勒起初还在担心，会不会有人主动向她求助，那天晚上，似乎只有一个流浪汉注意到了她，当他终于开口问梅利莎在做什么时，梅利莎解释说，她是来这里提供社会服务帮扶的，“我只需要一个能睡觉的地方。”他说，梅利莎随即给了他一份收容所名单，还向他指明了VOAGBR机构就在附近的日间救助中心，那里不仅能提供淋浴、电脑等服务，甚至还可以协助办理身份证件。)”以及第四段中的“Word spread. Soon, people came to Melissa with complex needs — finding jobs, securing donated school supplies — questions traditional librarians couldn’t answer. “Before I talked to you, I didn’t know what to do,” one woman thanked her. (消息传了开来，很快就有人带着各种复杂的需求来找梅利莎——找工作、申领捐赠的学习用品，这些都是传统图书管理员解答不了的问题。“在跟你聊之前，我真的不知道该怎么办。”一位女士向她道谢。)”可知，梅丽莎从最初的担忧到收获人们的感谢，她的经历是有意义且值得的。“Rewarding”（有意义的、值得的）最能描述她的体验。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The pilot program was renewed for a full year. In just six months, VOAGBR assisted 248 people in the libraries they might not have reached otherwise, expanding services to include programs like monthly free legal advice. (这个试点项目被续签为全年项目。仅仅六个月时间，VOAGBR就在图书馆帮助了248名原本可能无法接触到这些服务的人，还将服务拓展到每月免费法律咨询等项目。)”可知，这个项目成效显著、成果丰硕。“Fruitful”（成果丰硕的）最能形容该项目。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Baton Rouge’s libraries hold books full of wisdom, but what the libraries and VOAGBR offer is a different kind of guidance — one of immediate compassion and community support, truly bringing the spirit of service to life. (巴吞鲁日的图书馆收藏着充满智慧的书籍，但图书馆与VOAGBR共同提供的，是一种别样的指引——一种饱含即时关怀与社区支持的指引，真正将服务精神落到了实处。)”可知，最后一段升华了文章主旨，强调了图书馆与公益组织合作的意义，突出了人文关怀的主题。故选C项。 10（25-26高三上·重庆沙坪坝·期中）Lea Salonga stands as a pioneering force in musical theatre, a Filipino star who gained an international reputation by originating the title role in Miss Saigon at 18 in London’s West End. This role launched her international career, earning her both Olivier and Tony Awards, and solidified her place in theatre history. Salonga’s journey began with singing at family parties in the Philippines. At six, she auditioned for The King and I, debuting at seven, and later joined Repertory Philippines, performing in musicals like Fiddler on the Roof and The Sound of Music as Brigitta. Raised in a musical household — her brother is a composer, conductor, and arranger — she had a relatively normal childhood, attending regular school, taking piano and ballet lessons, and being supported by her mother who managed her career. “My parents supported me, but they told me education is important,” she said. “They said show business is changeable, and I saw that too — some stars became nobody quickly.” She even enrolled in university to study medicine, planning to shift to psychology if theatre didn’t work out. Her achievements are groundbreaking. Miss Saigon made her a household name, and her Disney voice work expanded her reach. In Les Misérables, Salonga made history again as the first Asian Éponine on Broadway in 1993. Initially unfamiliar with the show, she soon became obsessed. “Just as Hamilton is now to musical lovers, Les Misérables was that to me. To this day, I’m sure I can recall most of the lyrics,” she said. Despite the challenge of playing a role traditionally held by white actors, she succeeded, later trying the role of Antine in a revival that embraced diverse casting. Most notably, she broke racial barriers in musical theatre, paving the way for Asian actors in leading roles on Broadway and beyond. Her connection to Les Misérables remains profound, and her upcoming tour, Stage, Screen and Everything In Between, will celebrate her career, including highlights from the show. 1. What made Salonga study medicine? A. Her parents forced her to choose a stable career. B. She aimed to switch to psychology after her medical studies. C. She and her parents considered show business unstable. D. Her brother failed to support her theatre career. 2. Which musical initially won Salonga’s global fame? A. The King and I. B. Miss Saigon. C. Les Misérables. D. The Sound of Music. 3. What is Salonga’s connection with Les Misérables? A. She played both Éponine and Antine as an Asian. B. She was as obsessed with Les Misérables as with Hamilton. C. She starred in the original performance of the musical. D. She will leave out songs from the show in her tour to come. 4. Which of the following best describes Salonga’s career life? A. Use it or lose it. B. No sweat, no sweet. C. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.D. He who dares wins. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾音乐剧明星莉娅·萨隆加的职业生涯，包括其早年经历、标志性角色成就及在打破种族壁垒方面的开创性贡献。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的““My parents supported me, but they told me education is important,” she said. “They said show business is changeable, and I saw that too — some stars became nobody quickly.” She even enrolled in university to study medicine, planning to shift to psychology if theatre didn’t work out. (“父母很支持我，但他们告诉我教育至关重要，” 她说，“他们说演艺圈变幻莫测，我也亲眼见过——有些明星转瞬就过气了。”她甚至考上了大学攻读医学专业，计划要是演艺事业没成，就转行学心理学)”可知，萨隆加选择学医是因为她和父母都认为演艺界不稳定。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lea Salonga stands as a pioneering force in musical theatre, a Filipino star who gained an international reputation by originating the title role in Miss Saigon at 18 in London’s West End. This role launched her international career, earning her both Olivier and Tony Awards, and solidified her place in theatre history. (莉娅·萨隆加是音乐剧领域的开创性力量，这位菲律宾明星18岁时在伦敦西区原创了《西贡小姐》的主角角色，由此获得国际声誉。这一角色开启了她的国际演艺生涯，为她赢得了奥利弗奖和托尼奖，也奠定了她在戏剧史上的地位)”可知，最初让萨隆加获得全球声誉的音乐剧是《西贡小姐》。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Les Misérables, Salonga made history again as the first Asian Éponine on Broadway in 1993. Initially unfamiliar with the show, she soon became obsessed. “Just as Hamilton is now to musical lovers, LesMisérables was that to me. To this day, I’m sure I can recall most of the lyrics,” she said. Despite the challenge of playing a role traditionally held by white actors, she succeeded, later trying the role of Antine in a revival that embraced diverse casting. (1993 年，萨隆加在《悲惨世界》中再创历史，成为百老汇首位饰演Éponine的亚裔演员。起初她对这部剧并不熟悉，很快便深深着迷。“就像如今《汉密尔顿》对于音乐剧爱好者的意义一样，《悲惨世界》当年对我来说就是如此。直到现在，我相信自己仍能回忆起大部分歌词，” 她说。尽管饰演这一传统上由白人演员担任的角色颇具挑战，但她依然取得了成功，后来还在一部倡导多元选角的复排版本中出演了Antine一角)”可知，萨隆加作为亚洲演员在《悲惨世界》中分别饰演了Éponine和Antine两个角色。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，萨隆加从菲律宾的家庭聚会唱歌起步，勇于挑战经典音乐剧角色，成为百老汇首位饰演相关角色的亚洲演员，打破了种族壁垒，其职业生涯体现了“勇于尝试就能成功”的精神。“He who dares wins.”意为“勇者胜”，最能描述她的职业生涯。故选D项。 01（25-26高三上·湖北襄阳·月考）The great elephant stands in the hot African sun. Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. The beast’s great gray skin is partly broken and aged from the African sun. Some mud drops on one side from its last trip to a nearby river. Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. I peer through the lens at this scene. The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. I can suddenly feel its soul, and feel the line of elephants that came before this one, trailing back to the very beginnings of this great savanna. We will never understand what wonders this ancient being and its kind have seen and whispered to each other across the ages on this old, sacred grassland. It looks at me, and it looks through me and sees me. The elephant knows I am there. It always did. It is not running away, nor is it fighting. It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” 1. Which word can best describe the elephant in the first two paragraphs? A. Mysterious. B. Depressed. C. Aggressive. D. Graceful. 2. What does the shift in focus from the elephant to others imply in Paragraph 3? A. The elephant is about to be attacked. B. The author is losing interest in the elephant. C. The elephant is part of a larger and living world. D. The author wants to show the savanna’s dangers. 3. How does the author feel when seeing through the lens? A. He is deeply moved and filled with sympathy. B. He is overwhelmed by the elephant’s strength. C. He is annoyed at the presence of other animals. D. He is shocked and scared by the elephant’s scars. 4. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature calms our anger. B. Nature purifies our souls. C. Nature heals our wounds. D. Nature enriches our imagination. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的猎人视角，描绘一头饱经风霜却优雅悲悯的非洲象，其凝视触发作者的良知觉醒，最终放弃猎杀。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Slowly the beast lifts its head and its thick trunk delicately curls around the leaves of a nearby tree, pulling out the leaves and politely slipping them into its mouth. (这只野兽慢慢地抬起头，它粗壮的鼻子巧妙地卷曲在附近一棵树的叶子上，把叶子抽出来，礼貌地塞进嘴里。)”和第二段中“Its rough hair sticks out from all over its skin and two large, white tusks curve elegantly from either side of its mouth. (它粗糙的毛发从皮肤上伸出来，两根巨大的白色象牙从嘴的两侧优雅地弯曲着。)”可知，前两段通过细致动作和雅致的外貌展现大象的优雅。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Somewhere a lion roars and something else gives a loud high shout. A vulture (秃鹫) drifts over far above this world, barely a black dot in the sky. The buzzing of the countless bush insects seems to collectively shift up in high tune, almost like the whole of the savanna (热带草原) was singing some song that only they knew. (在某个地方，一只狮子在吼叫，还有别的什么东西发出了响亮的叫声。一只秃鹫飘过这个世界的上空，在天空中只是一个黑点。无数的灌木昆虫的嗡嗡声似乎集体提高了音调，几乎就像整个热带草原都在唱着只有它们才知道的歌。)”可知，该段描写狮子吼叫、秃鹫盘旋、昆虫鸣叫，并将之比喻为“草原的合唱”，表明大象与其他生物共存于这一生态系统中。因此，镜头从大象转向其他生物，意在展示大象是广阔鲜活世界的一部分。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The zoom lens shows almost every detail of the elephant: the three small cuts in its left ear from playing as a baby around thorn trees, the scar down its front leg where a lion caught it unaware as a young adult, and weathering on its great, valuable tusks from decades of living in this unforgiving grassland on a dusty continent. (变焦镜头几乎展示了这头大象的每一个细节：它的左耳上有三个小伤口，这是它小时候在荆棘树下玩耍时留下的，它的前腿上有一个伤疤，那是它年轻时被狮子在不知道的情况下抓住的，它那又大又珍贵的象牙上有几十年生活在这片尘土飞扬的大陆上无情的草原上的风化。)”和第五段中“And then the elephant looks at me. It looks at me with those big, eyelashed eyes with a warmth coming outwards from a vast, hidden depth there. (然后大象看着我。它用那双长着睫毛的大眼睛看着我，从那巨大而隐蔽的深处发出一种温暖。)”可知，作者透过镜头看到大象的沧桑与灵性，他深受触动且充满同情。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第六段中“It accepts and forgives. It loves. But, mostly, it just feels sad. It feels sorry for me. I cannot do this anymore. (它接受和原谅。它去爱。但最主要的是，它只是感到悲伤。它为我感到难过。我不能再这样下去了。)”和最后一段“I take my eye off the sights and hand the gun back to my partner. “Let’s go home,” I said in a quiet voice, “let’s just go home.” (我把视线从瞄准具上移开，把枪还给了我的搭档。“我们回家吧，”我轻声说，“我们就回家吧。”)”可知，大象的凝视使作者放下猎枪，选择离开，体现自然唤醒人性良知，即“自然净化心灵”。故选B项。 02（2025·陕西·模拟预测）As a child, Brian Fisher dreamed of becoming a botanist. While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching. Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. Soon, Fisher set himself the goal of identifying every species of ant in the world, and he aims to construct a tree of ant species. Fisher, along with his team, has already succeeded in identifying a complete subfamily of ants. It was his ant species tree that led Fisher to Madagascar, an island off the coast of Africa. During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured (忍受) severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. “You cannot preserve a forest when the people living nearby are hungry,” he states, so he sought out methods to assist those individuals. He developed a new method for farming eatable insects, which he then taught to the people of Madagascar. Fisher understands what is required to build a career in the field of science. “To survive as a scientist,” he explains, “you must be motivated, driven, and fully focused.” He also emphasizes that being a good writer is essential, as it allows you to “share your story in an engaging way that will make people want to read your work.” Once Fisher’s species tree is fully completed, it may unlock an entirely new world of ant research. However, two major challenges stand in the way: climate change and human intervention. How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. 1. What initially contributed to Fisher’s changing his career? A. His childhood dream of saving ants. B. The aim of creating ant species tree. C. His experience of studying plants. D. The ant scientist’s encouragement. 2. Which word best describes Fisher’s journey in Madagascar? A. Eventful. B. Debatable. C. Unsuccessful. D. Costly. 3. What does Fisher intend to do? A. Focus on scientific writing. B. Protect the natural ecology. C. Improve farming techniques. D. Learn about ant species’ habitats. 4. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To promote Fisher’s ant species tree. B. To explain Fisher’s research methods. C. To introduce Fisher’s career philosophy. D. To outline Fisher’s scientific research. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了昆虫学家布莱恩·费希尔从植物学家转向蚂蚁研究、在马达加斯加进行野外考察并推动生态保护的经历，展现其科学追求与社会责任感。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“While on botany journeys, Fisher began to ask questions about the ants that he discovered on the plants he was researching. Since the other botanists were unable to identify those ants, Fisher reached out to an ant scientist to gain further knowledge. Then he became an entomologist, or a scientist who studies insects. (在进行植物考察之旅时，费希尔开始对自己在研究对象植株上发现的蚂蚁产生了诸多疑问。由于其他植物学家都无法识别这些蚂蚁的种类，费希尔便主动联系了一位蚂蚁研究专家，以求深入学习相关知识。后来，他成了一名昆虫学家，也就是专门研究昆虫的科学家)”可知，费希尔正是在植物学研究过程中对蚂蚁产生疑问并寻求专业知识，进而改变职业成为昆虫学家的，因此研究植物的经历是他职业转变的最初诱因。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“During his research in Madagascar’s six-month rainy season — which is ideal for observing ants — he endured (忍受) severe illnesses, and he and his team faced frequent rainstorms, broken bridges, rough roads, and such challenges as pushing cars free of mud. Yet his work in that region has extended far beyond the study of ants. (马达加斯加长达六个月的雨季是观察蚂蚁的黄金时期，但费希尔在当地开展研究期间，不仅自己患上了严重的疾病，他和团队还遭遇了频繁的暴雨、桥梁坍塌、崎岖难行的道路，以及推车脱困等种种难题。即便如此，他在这片土地上所做的工作，意义早已远超蚂蚁研究本身)”可知，费希尔在马达加斯加的研究之旅既遭遇了多重挑战，又取得了超出蚂蚁研究范畴的成果。因此这段经历充满了各种事件和变故，eventful“多事的，多变故的”最能准确描述其经历。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“How can we study ants if their natural habitats are disappearing? Fisher hopes he can interest people in the significance of Earth’s biodiversity. (如果蚂蚁的自然栖息地不断消失，我们又该从何入手去研究它们呢？费希尔希望，自己能让更多人意识到地球生物多样性的重要意义)”可知，费希尔希望唤起人们对地球生物多样性的重视，以应对栖息地消失问题，这实质上是在呼吁保护自然生态环境。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章按照时间和逻辑顺序，梳理了费希尔从植物学转向昆虫学的过程、研究中的艰辛与贡献、科研理念以及面临的挑战。由此推知，作者撰写此文的主要目的是概述费希尔的科学研究成果。故选D。 03（2025·浙江·一模）My husband, children and I were in Hawaii. Here, we were introduced to the ancient Hawaiian concept of mālama (to care for) which encourages visitors to give back to the environment and local communities through activities like habitat restoration, beach cleanups or food provision. But mālama goes beyond eco-tourism — it’s about leaving a place better than you found it. And after seeking out these experiences during a three-week stay, we found mālama not only improves Hawaii, but it also made our time there much more meaningful. Mālama volunteer experiences are found across the islands. For example, on Maui, you can help restore native forests and volunteer at a nursery; while on O’ahu, visitors can clear invasive algae from Maunalua Bay. In some cases, travelers booking with partnering hotels and participating in designated activities will qualify for a discounted — or even free — night at dozens of hotels and resorts. “Mālama today is more vital than ever,” our guide Rogers said. “Too many tourists walk carelessly on our land, ignoring restrictions and damaging sensitive ecosystems... don’t just think Hawaii is beautiful; help keep it that way. It’s a shared responsibility.” As Rogers explained, mālama isn’t just about seeing or appreciating a landscape; it invites visitors to connect and contribute to it, with the idea that caring for a place fosters a stronger relationship with it. After eight days, we ventured to Molokai, Hawaii’s least developed island. No resorts or chain stores spoiled its wild beauty — just dramatic cliffs meeting rough seas. Deep in the eastern wilderness, we met Greg Solatario, whose family has taken care of this land for generations. His simple off-grid life perfectly embodied mālama. Greg welcomed us warmly before leading us through jungle-covered ruins of ancestral villages. As we approached, his son Devak blew a conch shell — a traditional request to enter. “The land remembers,” Greg explained, showing us medicinal plants and ancient fishing spots. His parting words stayed with me: “Mālama shouldn’t be just Hawaiian — the whole world needs this way of caring.” 1. How does the author present the topic in the first paragraph? A. By quoting an expert. B. By giving examples. C. By explaining a concept. D. By providing statistics. 2. What can Mālama volunteers experience in Hawaii? A. Developing Maunalua Bay. B. Reviving local forests. C. Asking for hotel discounts. D. Organizing big activities. 3. What do we know about Greg Solatario’s family? A. They built new resorts in the wild. B. They have long protected the land. C. They offered guided tours to locals. D. They fixed up the old village ruins. 4. Which of the following best describes the author’s trip in Hawaii? A. The wise improve what they enjoy. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. God helps those who help themselves. D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者一家在夏威夷旅行时，接触到古老的夏威夷“mālama(关爱)”理念，通过参与栖息地修复、森林恢复等相关志愿活动，既为当地环境和社区作出贡献，也让自身旅行更具意义，还介绍了不同岛屿的mālama实践及当地人对该理念的解读。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Here, we were introduced to the ancient Hawaiian concept of mālama (to care for) which encourages visitors to give back to the environment and local communities through activities like habitat restoration, beach cleanups or food provision. But mālama goes beyond eco-tourism — it’s about leaving a place better than you found it.(在这里，我们了解到古老的夏威夷“mālama(关爱)”理念，该理念鼓励游客通过栖息地修复、海滩清理或物资供给等活动，回馈环境和当地社区。但mālama不止于生态旅游——它意味着让一个地方比你发现它时更好。)”可知，作者在第一段围绕mālama理念，先介绍其定义，再说明其内涵，是通过解释概念来呈现主题的。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Mālama volunteer experiences are found across the islands. For example, on Maui, you can help restore native forests and volunteer at a nursery; while on O’ahu, visitors can clear invasive algae from Maunalua Bay.(在夏威夷群岛，随处可见mālama志愿者体验活动。例如在毛伊岛，您可以参与修复原生森林，或在植物苗圃担任志愿者；而在瓦胡岛，游客可以清理马努努阿湾的入侵藻类。)”可知，mālama志愿者能参与恢复当地森林的活动。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段“we met Greg Solatario, whose family has taken care of this land for generations.(我们见到了格雷格・索拉塔里奥，他的家族世世代代都在照料这片土地。)”可知，格雷格的家族长期保护这片土地。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“My husband, children and I were in Hawaii. Here, we were introduced to the ancient Hawaiian concept of mālama (to care for) which encourages visitors to give back to the environment and local communities through activities like habitat restoration, beach cleanups or food provision. But mālama goes beyond eco-tourism — it’s about leaving a place better than you found it.(我们全家在夏威夷旅行时，接触到了古老的“mālama(关爱)”理念。这个概念倡导游客通过修复生态栖息地、清洁海滩、捐赠食物等方式回馈当地环境与社区。但mālama的内涵远不止于生态旅游——其核心在于让每个到访之地因你的到来而变得更加美好)”可知，文章核心是作者一家践行mālama理念，通过志愿活动让夏威夷(他们所喜爱的旅行地)变得更好，同时自身旅行也更有意义，体现“改善所喜爱的事物”的内涵。选项 A“The wise improve what they enjoy(智者会改善他们所喜爱的事物)”符合这一主旨。故选A。 04（24-25高一下·重庆·期末）When you get a less desirable gift. people like to say, “It’s the thought that counts.” But with my mother’s gifts, you’ve really got to wonder, “What thought was that exactly?” My mother’s presents are never given to be mean; they are always presented with wide-eyed, innocent excitement. “Do you like it?” she always asks expectantly, and we nod our heads while we try to figure out what “it” is. Over the years, my mother’s Christmas presents have become well-known for the amusement — and sometimes horror — that they could cause. For instance, my mother once gave me a pair of bright red underwear, the kind that you see little girls wearing under their fancy dresses in old-timey pictures. Several years ago, she spent days working on a handmade clay (泥土) sculpture:a lovingly crafted, odd interpretation of my head. I took the clay head home and placed it on my bathroom counter as instructed. I soon discovered that few things terrify my two-year-old child more than a small, strange-looking version of his mother’s head staring at him while he was sitting on the toilet. Someone asked me what I hoped to get for this Christmas from my mother. “Oh nothing,” I explained. You don’t “hope” for gifts from her. They’re coming — whether you want them or not. But the weird, clueless, endless and enthusiastic love that comes with my mother’s gifts is the same love with which she raised me, and it’s hers and hers alone. She has always loved me for my boring personality unconditionally, and I — with all my eyerolls and sighs by the Christmas tree — love her unconditionally as well. There’s no better gift to give a child than the knowledge that they can be weird or awkward and still feel unconditionally loved. 1. Why does the author ask the question in paragraph 1? A. To express concern about the gifts. B. To point out her mother’s lack of taste. C. To suggest her mom’s thoughtlessness. D. To stress the strange nature of the gifts. 2. Which of the following best describes the clay sculpture? A. Lovely. B. Realistic. C. Unimaginative. D. Horrifying. 3. How does the author feel about her mothers gifts according to paragraph 4? A. Hoping they will improve. B. Amused by their strangeness. C. Accepting they’re unavoidable. D. Determined to prevent their arrival. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A. Gift ideas for loved ones. B. Message from mother’s gifts. C. Art of accepting unwanted gifts. D. Family traditions of giving gifts. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者母亲送的礼物总是很奇怪，但这些礼物背后是母亲无条件的爱。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“When you get a less desirable gift. people like to say, “It’s the thought that counts.” But with my mother’s gifts, you’ve really got to wonder, “What thought was that exactly?” (当你收到一份不太理想的礼物时，人们喜欢说：“心意才是最重要的。”但是当我收到母亲的礼物时，你真的会忍不住想：“那到底是什么想法呢？”)”可知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了强调母亲送的礼物很奇怪。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Several years ago, she spent days working on a handmade clay (泥土) sculpture:a lovingly crafted, odd interpretation of my head. I took the clay head home and placed it on my bathroom counter as instructed. I soon discovered that few things terrify my two-year-old child more than a small, strange-looking version of his mother’s head staring at him while he was sitting on the toilet. (几年前，她还花了好几天时间亲手制作了一个泥塑雕像：一个精心制作、造型奇特的我的头部雕像。我按照她的吩咐把泥塑头像带回家，放在了浴室的台面上。很快我就发现，对我两岁的孩子来说，没有什么比在他坐在马桶上时，有一个小小的、模样奇怪的妈妈头像盯着他更让他害怕的了。)”可知，这个陶土雕塑让作者两岁的孩子感到害怕，所以用Horrifying“令人恐惧的”来形容最合适。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Someone asked me what I hoped to get for this Christmas from my mother. “Oh nothing,” I explained. You don’t “hope” for gifts from her. They’re coming — whether you want them or not. (有人问我希望今年圣诞节从母亲那里得到什么礼物。“哦，没什么，”我解释道。你不会对她的礼物抱有“希望”。不管你想要与否，它们都会来的。)”可知，作者觉得母亲的礼物是不可避免的，无论自己喜不喜欢都会收到。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“But the weird, clueless, endless and enthusiastic love that comes with my mother’s gifts is the same love with which she raised me, and it’s hers and hers alone. She has always loved me for my boring personality unconditionally, and I — with all my eyerolls and sighs by the Christmas tree — love her unconditionally as well. There’s no better gift to give a child than the knowledge that they can be weird or awkward and still feel unconditionally loved. (但是，伴随着我母亲礼物的那种奇怪、无知、无尽而热情的爱，就是她养育我的那种爱，而且这种爱只属于她。她总是无条件地爱我那无聊的性格，而我——在圣诞树旁翻着白眼、叹着气——也无条件地爱着她。没有什么比让孩子知道，他们可以很奇怪或尴尬，但仍然能感受到无条件的爱更好的礼物了。)”可知，文章主要讲述了母亲送的礼物虽然奇怪，但背后是她对作者无条件的爱，这是母亲礼物传达的信息。故选B。 05（2025·西藏拉萨·一模）One day, as Nelly sorted through vegetable leftovers, especially corn husks (外壳) from her family kitchen, she noticed their soft feel and structure. What if these weren’t just waste, but raw material for something beautiful? Her first doll was an experiment. Using dried corn husks for the body and silky threads from corn cores for the hair, she built a tiny figure, dressed it in layered leaves, and painted on a face. Word soon spread. Visitors to her flower shop admired the dolls, often mistaking them for handicrafts. Encouraged by the response, Nelly began taking custom orders. Each doll was handmade, unique, and reflected her evolving technique. Today, she operates from a small studio space where she continues to handcraft these dolls to order. With no formal art training, she has taught herself how to subtilize natural materials, dry them for durability, and combine them with decorative elements like seeds, flowers, and leaves. Crafting one doll takes several days. First, the vegetable waste is carefully sorted, washed, and sun-dried. Nelly uses the husks to form the body, folding and folding them into shape. The corn milk is woven into hair, while dried flowers form necklaces or skirts. A final touch of paint brings out facial features, personality, and character. No two dolls are alike, and that’s exactly how Nelly likes it. Nelly’s journey hasn’t gone unnoticed. Her craft is now inspiring women in neighboring villages to explore similar ideas with plant waste, encouraging entrepreneurship at it grassroots level. In a region where economic opportunities can be limited, her model of self-employment, based on sustainable practices, is quietly empowering women to earn from their own homes, using nothing but kitchen scraps and creative instinct. 1. Which word can best describe Nelly’s doll-making craft? A. Sustainable. B. Conventional. C. Portable. D. Luxurious. 2. What does the underlined word “subtilize” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Handle. B. Protect. C. Analyze. D. Supply. 3. Why does Nelly want no two dolls to be alike? A. To follow market trends. B. To reduce production costs. C. To meet customers’ demands. D. To maintain artistic individuality. 4. How does Nelly’s model benefit women in her region? A. By providing factory jobs. B. By offering government allowances. C. By enabling home-based income. D. By helping them establish brand awareness. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奈莉将厨房蔬菜废料转化为手工娃娃，工艺独特可持续，其创业模式还赋能周边女性居家创收。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“What if these weren’t just waste, but raw material for something beautiful?(如果这些不仅仅是废弃物，更是用来创造美好事物的原材料呢？)”以及最后一段“In a region where economic opportunities can be limited, her model of self-employment, based on sustainable practices, is quietly empowering women to earn from their own homes, using nothing but kitchen scraps and creative instinct.(在经济机会往往有限的地区，她以可持续实践为基础的自主创业模式，正悄然赋予女性力量——仅凭厨余垃圾与创造本能，她们便能在家中实现经济自立)”可推知，奈莉的娃娃制作工艺以厨房蔬菜废料为原料，属于可持续的工艺。故选A项。 2. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“With no formal art training, she has taught herself how to subtilize natural materials, dry them for durability, and combine them with decorative elements like seeds, flowers, and leaves. (没有接受过正规的艺术训练，她自学了如何subtilize天然材料、将其干燥以增加耐用性，并把它们和种子、花朵、树叶等装饰元素结合起来.)”可知，“subtilize”与“dry”“combine”为并列的操作步骤，结合语境可推测其含义为“处理”，与“handle”意思相近。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Each doll was handmade, unique, and reflected her evolving technique.(每个娃娃都是手工制作，独一无二，并且体现了她不断精进的工艺)”以及第三段“No two dolls are alike, and that’s exactly how Nelly likes it. (没有两个娃娃是一模一样的，而这正是奈莉想要的效果)”可推知，奈莉希望娃娃各不相同是为了保持作品的艺术独特性。故选D项。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In a region where economic opportunities can be limited, her model of self-employment, based on sustainable practices, is quietly empowering women to earn from their own homes, using nothing but kitchen scraps and creative instinct.(在经济机会往往有限的地区，她以可持续实践为基础的自主创业模式，正悄然赋予女性力量——仅凭厨余垃圾与创造本能，她们便能在家中实现经济自立)”可知，奈莉的模式帮助当地女性实现了居家赚钱。故选C项。 06（2025·河南·二模）My son showed me what unconditional love looks like when he was only 3 years old. That was the day my sister and I saw each other again after many years. Even though I knew that my sister Mary had started her second round of chemotherapy for cancer, which was difficult for her body system and made her skin rough and covered in rashes, when I truly saw my beautiful sister being abused like a monster by this terrible disease, my tears immediately streamed down my face. That afternoon, Mary followed me into my living room. My son Cosmo ran in to see Mary, his beautiful golden curly hair shining brightly in the sunlight. I remember feeling a pit in my stomach at the time, worried that he might see her, be scared, or say something that could hurt her feelings. However, I was totally off base. Without hesitation, Cosmo hugged Mary’s lap. Gently holding her lap in his small hands, he gazed into her eyes — eyes the same bright blue as his own. “Boo boos?” he asked softly. Mary nodded, whispering, “Yes, Cosmo, I have boo boos.” In response, Cosmo leaned in and gave her two delicate kisses on her cheeks. Then he reached for a book and asked her to read to him. The two of them spent hours lost in the world of stories. Tears spilled out from my eyes. I was so amazed by my spirited, rough-and-tumble little boy, by the love and kindness he displayed with such a little gesture. I could see how much my sister was moved by his little words, his little hands, his sweet little kisses. Seven years later, Cosmo is 10 years old. He struggles with a learning disability and sensory disorder. Some days are difficult for him and frustrations build for all of us. But I hold that moment from seven years ago in my heart. I know his capacity for love and kindness. 1. Why did the author cry when she met Mary? A. She missed Mary very much. B. Mary suffered from loneliness. C. Mary started her second cancer treatment. D. She was sad about Mary’s physical changes. 2. What did the author mean by saying “I was totally off base”? A. She regretted bringing her son to see her sister. B. She felt guilty for exposing her sister’s condition. C. She worried her son may hurt his aunt unintentionally. D. She was surprised by her son’s gentle and loving reaction. 3. Which can best describe Cosmo’s relationship with his aunt Mary? A. Respectful but distant. B. Warm and affectionate. C. Complicated and tense. D. Friendly but unfamiliar. 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To emphasize the importance of being kind to family. B. To show how a simple act of love can bring healing and comfort. C. To express the author’s deep admiration for her sister’s strength. D. To explain the difficulties of raising a child with learning disability 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子用爱和善意对待生病的姨妈，让姨妈感到安慰的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even though I knew that my sister Mary had started her second round of chemotherapy for cancer, which was difficult for her body system and made her skin rough and covered in rashes, when I truly saw my beautiful sister being abused like a monster by this terrible disease, my tears immediately streamed down my face.(尽管我知道我的姐姐玛丽已经开始了她的第二轮癌症化疗，这对她的身体系统来说很艰难，让她的皮肤变得粗糙且布满了皮疹，但当我真正看到我美丽的姐姐被这场可怕的疾病折磨得像怪物一样时，我的眼泪立刻夺眶而出)”可知，作者哭是因为她对玛丽身体上的变化感到悲伤。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“I remember feeling a pit in my stomach at the time, worried that he might see her, be scared, or say something that could hurt her feelings. However, I was totally off base.(我记得当时我心里一阵忐忑，担心他看到她会害怕，或者说出什么伤害她感情的话。然而，我完全想错了)”可知，作者原本担心儿子看到姐姐会害怕或说些伤害姐姐感情的话，但实际情况并非如此，所以“I was totally off base”指的是作者惊讶于儿子温柔且有爱的反应。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Without hesitation, Cosmo hugged Mary’s lap. Gently holding her lap in his small hands, he gazed into her eyes — eyes the same bright blue as his own.(科斯莫毫不犹豫地抱住了玛丽的腿。他用小手轻轻地抱着她的腿，凝视着她的眼睛——那双和他一样明亮的蓝眼睛)”以及“In response, Cosmo leaned in and gave her two delicate kisses on her cheeks. Then he reached for a book and asked her to read to him. The two of them spent hours lost in the world of stories.(作为回应，科斯莫凑过去，在她脸颊上轻轻地吻了两下。然后他伸手拿了一本书，让她读给他听。他们俩沉浸在故事的世界里，度过了几个小时)”可知，Cosmo毫不犹豫地拥抱了姨妈，温柔地握住她的手，还亲了她的脸颊，并让她给自己读书，他们沉浸在故事的世界里。由此可推断出，Cosmo和姨妈Mary的关系是温暖且充满深情的。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But I hold that moment from seven years ago in my heart. I know his capacity for love and kindness.(但我将七年前的那一刻铭记于心。我知道他内心充满爱与善良的能力)”以及结合文章主要讲述了作者的儿子用爱和善意对待生 病的姨妈，让姨妈感到宽慰的故事。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是展示一个简单的爱的行为是如何带来了治愈和安慰。故选B。 07（25-26高三上·辽宁·期中）Local fashion designer Amy Deal used her love of skateboarding to bring her community together. “I didn’t grow up here, ” explains Amy, 60, a member of the local traditional community. “I was adopted and came home five years ago, which puts me at 5 years old here.” She may technically be only a kindergartner, but she has accomplished an unbelievable amount in just five years. Since coming home, Amy, a former designer of high-end sportswear for brands like Puma and Reebok, had opened her own fashion shop, 4Kinship, one of the only community-owned shops in Santa Fe, NM. But she also wanted to build something special for the children in the area. “They face some challenges: we have high poverty and facility issues. I wanted to create a transformative space for their physical and mental health,” she says. “A skate park seemed to be a good fit.” “Staying active is really important,” Amy continues. “The community faces alarmingly high level of diabetes and obesity. Skateboarding is accessible from a cost standpoint — all you need is a board and a helmet — and you can do it alone or with friends. And I wanted them to feel cool, and skateboarding's kind of cool sport.” Two Grey Hills Skatepark has become a comfort zone in ways Amy never imagined. “I thought I was building it for the kids, but the reality is that it’s bringing our community together. It's an inter-generational space,” she says. “People are learning a lot of life lessons there: having confidence, falling down and getting up — that’s very transformative.” Not having grown up in the culture, Amy has found it extraordinarily meaningful to have a place where generations can come together: “Whenever children call me ‘Auntie Amy, come to see this’ at the skate park, it is one of the most joyful things ever. When I’m there, it’s just a feeling that I’m home.” 1. What can we learn about Amy from the first two paragraphs? A. She was born in the community. B. She had strong designing abilities. C. She once worked in a kindergarten. D. She opened the only community shop. 2. Why did Amy decide to build a skate park in the area? A. To renew the facilities. B. To improve children’s health. C. To expand her business plan. D. To help families escape poverty. 3. Which of the following best describes the impact of the Two Grey Hills Skatepark? A. Far-reaching. B. Short-lived. C. Damaging. D. Predictable. 4. What does Amy’s experience show? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Hard work finally pays off. C. Health is the key to success. D. A small action makes a difference. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。设计师艾米回到社区五年，凭借设计专长开店，还为改善孩子身心健康修建滑板公园，意外凝聚社区、促进代际交流，意义深远。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Since coming home, Amy, a former designer of high-end sportswear for brands like Puma and Reebok, had opened her own fashion shop, 4Kinship, one of the only community-owned shops in Santa Fe, NM.(前彪马（Puma）、锐步（Reebok）等品牌高端运动服装设计师艾米（Amy）返乡后，开设了自己的时尚店铺 “4Kinship”。这家店是新墨西哥州圣达菲市为数不多的社区所有店铺之一。)”可知，艾米拥有很强的设计能力。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“I wanted to create a transformative space for their physical and mental health,(我想为他们的身心健康创造一个具有变革意义的空间，)”和第三段““Staying active is really important,” Amy continues. “The community faces alarmingly high level of diabetes and obesity. Skateboarding is accessible from a cost standpoint——all you need is a board and a helmet——and you can do it alone or with friends. And I wanted them to feel cool, and skateboarding's kind of cool sport.(“保持活跃非常重要，”艾米接着说，“这个社区的糖尿病和肥胖症发病率高得惊人。从成本来看，滑板运动很容易参与——你只需要一块滑板和一个头盔，而且可以独自进行，也能和朋友一起玩。我希望他们能觉得自己很酷，而滑板正是一种挺酷的运动。”)”可知，艾米建滑板公园是为了改善孩子们的健康。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“I thought I was building it for the kids, but the reality is that it’s bringing our community together. It's an inter-generational space,” she says. “People are learning a lot of life lessons there: having confidence, falling down and getting up——that’s very transformative.(“我原本以为是为孩子们打造的，但实际上，它正在让我们整个社区凝聚起来。这里成了跨代交流的空间，”她说，“大家在这儿学到了很多人生道理：树立自信、跌倒后重新站起来 —— 这些都有着极大的改变力量。”)”可知，滑板公园的影响深远。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Local fashion designer Amy Deal used her love of skateboarding to bring her community together.(当地时尚设计师艾米・迪尔（Amy Deal）凭借对滑板运动的热爱，让自己所在的社区凝聚在了一起。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲艾米出于对滑板的热爱，为解决社区孩子的健康问题修建滑板公园，最终不仅帮助了孩子，还凝聚了整个社区、促进了代际交流，产生了意想不到的积极影响。这体现了“一个小小的行动能带来巨大改变”。故选D项。 08（25-26高三上·青海·月考）For more than ten years, I was a screen and TV writer, navigating the shark-filled waters of Hollywood. Despite the constant and unavoidable ups and downs of this life, I realized many of my dreams including working with stars like Lucas and writing an Emmy-winning TV show. Then, my life took an unexpected turn. In 2011, I agreed to teach a class. I discovered a deep love for it — the engagement with students and the stable income were welcome changes. As my writing career slowed, my wife encouraged me to pursue more teaching. I researched and found a position at UC Riverside. I said “Yes” to the interview, got the job, and within years became a professor. Academy became my focus, but I remained a writer at heart. I decided to write my first novel, free from deadlines, simply for the creative joy. In 2015, an email asked if I was interested in a talk in the community. I said “Yes”. The challenge was big; a 15-minute speech in front of 500 people and three cameras. However, I succeeded, and the talk was well-received. After the speech was uploaded to the internet, it led to an email from Publisher, suggesting a book on my talk’s topic. I instead recommended my novel. They asked if I wanted to launch a pre-sale campaign to attract readers. I said “Yes”. Publisher’s founder advised me to find an editor. Again, I said “Yes”. I hired Lauren Hughes, whose insightful feedback was incredibly encouraging. I accepted her notes and revised the manuscript. The pre-sale campaign sold over 300 books, generating interest from many readers. So my first novel was published. All this happened because I consistently said “Yes” to new opportunities, embracing challenges without knowing the outcome. This philosophy keeps me engaged against the pull of aging. As a professor, I urge students to be positive. I don’t know how my novel will be received, but when asked if I have a book out, I can proudly say “Yes”. 1. What did the author think of his work in Hollywood? A. It was steady and well-paid. B. It was tiring and disappointing. C. It was fruitful despite challenges. D. It was full of unbearable pressure. 2. Which word can best describe the pre-sale campaign? A. Unexpected. B. Nationwide. C. Demanding. D. Successful. 3. What can we know about the author? A. He has always lived in a state of instability. B. He faces the unknown and challenges bravely. C. He accepted teaching mainly for its high income. D. He viewed public speaking as an unavoidable duty. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Power of Saying “Yes”. B. A New Chapter in My Life. C. From Hollywood to Classroom. D. The Path to Becoming an Author. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者从好莱坞影视编剧，到转型成为大学教授、出版首部小说的人生经历。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Despite the constant and unavoidable ups and downs of this life, I realized many of my dreams including working with stars like Lucas and writing an Emmy-winning TV show.(尽管生活中不可避免地会有起起落落，但我实现了许多梦想，包括与卢卡斯这样的明星合作，以及创作一部获得艾美奖的电视节目。)”可知，作者认为自己在好莱坞的工作尽管有挑战，但它还是很有成果的。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“The pre-sale campaign sold over 300 books, generating interest from many readers. So my first novel was published.(预售活动售出了300多本书，引起了许多读者的兴趣。所以我的第一部小说出版了。)”可知，预售活动很成功。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“All this happened because I consistently said “Yes” to new opportunities, embracing challenges without knowing the outcome.(这一切的发生都是因为我始终对新机会说“是”，在不知道结果的情况下接受挑战。)”可知，作者勇敢地面对未知和挑战。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“All this happened because I consistently said “Yes” to new opportunities, embracing challenges without knowing the outcome.(这一切的发生都是因为我始终对新机会说“是”，在不知道结果的情况下接受挑战。)”可知，文章主要强调了说“是”的力量。故选A。 试卷第2页，共34页 试卷第1页，共34页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $