内容正文:
寒假预习:专题04 Unit 2 You can make a difference语法讲义+知识演练
2025-2026学年五年级下册英语(外研版)
核心语法点1:情态动词can表建议、能力
1. 语法含义:can此处重点表“建议、可以”,用于提出环保相关倡议,也可表“能力”,描述能为环保做的事,是本单元核心语法。
2. 关键规则:
① 肯定句(主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他);
② 否定句(主语 + can't (cannot) + 动词原形 + 其他);
③ 一般疑问句(Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?),回答用can/can't呼应。
3. 课本原句例句:
— You can make a difference.(你可以有所作为。)
— What can we do to protect the environment?
— We can recycle bottles.(—我们能做什么来保护环境?—我们可以回收瓶子。)
— We can't throw away bottles.(我们不能扔掉瓶子。)
4. 易错提醒:can后面永远接动词原形,不能接ing形式或动词过去式,如“Can we recycling?”是错误的。
核心语法点2:动词不定式to do表目的
1. 语法含义:本单元重点用于说明“做某事是为了保护环境、帮助他人”,结构为“动词 + to + 动词原形”,to译为“为了”。
2. 关键规则:不定式to do 跟在动词(do, help, protect, save等)后面,表目的;to后面必须接动词原形,不能省略to(本单元无省略to的情况)。
3. 课本原句例句:
— We can do many things to help.(我们可以做很多事情来帮忙。)
— I want to protect animals.(我想保护动物。)
— What can we do to protect the earth?(我们能做什么来保护地球?)
4. 易错提醒:牢记“to + 动词原形”结构,避免出现“to + 动词ing”或省略to的错误,如“do many things help”是错误的。
核心语法点3:祈使句
1. 语法含义:用于发出环保倡议、呼吁他人做/不做某事,语气直接、有力,是本单元环保主题的重点句型。
2. 关键规则:
① 肯定祈使句(动词原形 + 其他),呼吁做环保相关的事;
② 否定祈使句(Don't + 动词原形 + 其他),呼吁不做破坏环境的事。
3. 课本原句例句:
— Protect the earth!(保护地球!)(肯定祈使句)
— Don't waste water!(不要浪费水!)(否定祈使句)
— Work together!(一起努力!)(肯定祈使句)
4. 易错提醒:否定祈使句开头只能用Don't,不能用Can't;肯定祈使句开头用动词原形,无需加主语。
核心语法点4:be动词短语句型
1. 语法含义:用于描述事物对环境、生物的影响,或事物的状态,本单元重点是be harmful to(有害的)和be useful(有用的)。
2. 关键规则:主语 + be动词(is/are) + 形容词短语(harmful to.../useful) + 其他;主语是单数用is,复数用are。
3. 课本原句例句:
— Dirty water is harmful to fish.(脏水对鱼有害。)
— Reused paper is useful.(重复使用的纸张是有用的。)
— Dirty air is harmful to our health.(脏空气对我们的健康有害。)
核心语法点5:情态动词can的特殊疑问句
1. 语法含义:结合疑问词what,询问“我们能做什么来保护环境”,是本单元最常用的问答句型。
2. 关键规则:疑问词(What) + can + 主语 + 动词原形 + to do(表目的) + 其他?回答用“We can + 动词原形 + 其他”。
3. 课本原句例句:
— What can we do to protect the environment?
— We can recycle bottles.(—我们能做什么来保护环境?—我们可以回收瓶子。)
知识演练
一、语法填空(每空一词)
1. We __________ (can) protect the earth by saving water.(我们可以通过节约用水来保护地球。)
2. I want __________ (protect) animals. They are our friends.(我想保护动物,它们是我们的朋友。)
3. __________ (protect) the environment! It's our duty.(保护环境!这是我们的责任。)
4. Dirty water __________ (be) harmful to fish and plants.(脏水对鱼和植物有害。)
5. What can we do __________ (help) the earth?(我们能做什么来帮助地球?)
二、单项选择
( )1. —What _____ we do to protect the environment? —We can recycle paper.
A. can B. do C. are
( )2. She wants ________ reuse paper to protect the earth.
A. to B. / C. for
( )3. —Can we throw away bottles? —No, we _______. We can recycle them.
A. can B. can't C. don't
( )4. ________ waste water! It's important for us.
A. Don't B. Can't C. Do
( )5. Reused paper ________ useful. We can use it again.
A. is B. are C. be
三、句型转换(每空一词)
1. We can recycle bottles.(改为否定句)
— We __________ __________ bottles.
2. I want to protect animals.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
— __________ you want __________ protect animals?
— Yes, I __________.
3. Protect the earth!(改为否定祈使句)
— __________ __________ the earth!
4. We can do many things to help the earth.(对划线部分提问)
— __________ __________ we do to help the earth?
5. Dirty water is harmful to fish.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
— __________ dirty water harmful to fish? — No, it __________.
四、判断句子语法使用的正(T)误(F)
( )1. We can make a difference to help the earth.
( )2. She wants to protecting animals.
( )3. Don't recycle bottles. Throw them away.
( )4. Dirty air is harmful to our health.
( )5. What can we do help the environment?
五、补全对话
1. —What __________ we do to protect the environment?
—We can save water.(—我们能做什么来保护环境?—我们可以节约用水。)
2. —I want __________ reuse paper.
—Good idea! It's easy.(—我想重复使用纸张。—好主意!这很容易。)
3. —Can we throw away bottles?
—No, we __________. We can recycle them.(—我们能扔掉瓶子吗?—不,不能。我们可以回收它们。)
4. —__________ the earth!
—Yes, we should work together.(—保护地球!—是的,我们应该一起努力。)
5. —Dirty water is harmful __________ fish.
—We should keep water clean.(—脏水对鱼有害。—我们应该保持水干净。)
六、语法匹配
( )1. You can make a difference. A. 动词不定式to do(表目的)
( )2. We can do many things to help. B. 情态动词can表建议/能力
( )3. Protect the earth! C. 否定祈使句(环保倡议)
( )4. Don't waste water! D. 肯定祈使句(环保倡议)
( )5. Dirty water is harmful to fish. E. be动词短语(描述影响)
七、连词成句
1. can, we, what, do, to, environment, the, protect (?)
→ ________________________________________________________
2. want, I, to, animals, protect (.)
→ ________________________________________________________
3. waste, don't, water (.)
→ ________________________________________________________
4. is, harmful, dirty, to, water, fish (.)
→ ________________________________________________________
5. can, we, paper, recycle, to, help, earth, the (.)
→ ________________________________________________________
答案
一、语法填空
1. can 2. to protect 3. Protect 4. is 5. to help
二、单项选择
1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A
三、句型转换
1. can't recycle 2. Do; to; do 3. Don't protect 4. What can 5. Is; isn't
四、判断句子语法使用的正(T)误(F)
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F
五、补全对话
1. can 2. to 3. can't 4. Protect 5. to
六、语法匹配
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.E
七、连词成句
1. What can we do to protect the environment?
2. I want to protect animals.
3. Don't waste water.
4. Dirty water is harmful to fish.
5. We can recycle paper to help the earth.
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