概要写作常考同义表达归纳清单-2026届高三英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习知识清单聚焦概要写作常考同义表达，系统归纳普通名词、动词、形容词、副词及短语五大类核心词汇，配套四篇真题练习及要点解析，构建“词汇替换—要点提炼—篇章表达”的完整复习体系。 清单采用“基础释义+多维度近义表达”分类呈现，如“solve”对应“deal with；address”等，助力学生提升语言表达多样性，培养语言能力。真题练习设要点提示与高分范文对照，如概要写作（一）通过“过度表扬弊端—适度表扬原则”逻辑梳理，强化思维品质。教师可利用清单开展针对性替换训练与篇章概要指导，学生自主复习时能精准把握高频考点，高效提升概要写作得分能力。

【高中英语】概要写作常考同义表达归纳（配套真题练习） 普通名词 释义 近义表达 advantage 优点；优势 benefit；strength；strong point disadvantage 缺点 weakness；shortcoming；weak point method 方法 strategy；approach；way problem 问题 issue；challenge；trouble；difficulty aim 目标 goal；purpose effect 影响 influence；impact importance 重要性 significance；value；priority change 变化 transformation；shift；adjustment need 需要 demand；requirement result 结果 effect；outcome；consequence idea 观点；想法 opinion；view development 发展 progress；evolution；advancement 普通动词 释义 近义表达 think 认为 consider；regard；believe；assume；maintain show 展示；表明 suggest；display；present；reveal improve 提升 promote；develop；enhance；change for the better solve 解决 deal with；cope with；handle；address increase 上升 rise；grow；go up；boost；expand decrease 下降 fall；drop；decline；reduce；shrink affect 影响 influence；have an impact on；make a difference to get 获得 gain；achieve；obtain support 支持 in favor of；approve of；on the side of；back up realize 意识到 recognize；figure out；be aware of；grasp oppose 反对 be against；disapprove of；disagree with cause 造成 lead to；result in；contribute to；bring about；give rise to worry 担忧 be concerned about；be anxious about develop 发展 educate；cultivate protect 保护 preserve；defend；guard fear 害怕 be afraid of；be frightened；be alarmed 普通形容词 释义 近义表达 important 重要的 essential；vital；significant；critical；crucial necessary 必要的 essential；vital；indispensable difficult 困难的 hard；challenging；confusing dangerous 危险的 insecure；unsafe；risky；pose a threat to helpful 有帮助的 beneficial；rewarding；useful many/much 大量的 a number of；plenty of；numerous；countless afraid 害怕的 frightened；alarmed；scared harmful 有害的 damaging；do harm to big 巨大的 enormous；huge；giant；vast；tremendous serious 严重的 severe different 不同的 various；a variety of；diverse basic 基本的 fundamental 普通副词 释义 近义表达 hardly 几乎不 rarely；by chance；by accident always 一直 regularly；frequently；constantly；at all times quickly 迅速地 rapidly；at an alarming rate；swiftly sharply 急剧地 dramatically；significantly；enormously；considerably 常考短语 释义 近义表达 make full use of 利用 make the best of；take advantage of be worth doing 值得做 be worthwhile doing sth be related to 与...有关 be associated with；have to do with make up of 由...组成 consist of；be comprised of offer sb sth 提供 provide sb with sth come up with 提出 put forward decide to do 决定 make up one's mind to do；be determined to do take part in 参与 participate in；join in；engage in；get involved in try one's best to do 尽全力做.... make every effort to do 概要写作（一） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire(适得其反) and, when given in a way that's insincere(不真诚), make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them. 要点1: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments(成就). 要点2: ________________________________________________________________________________________ So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality(质量) of praise is more important than the quantity(数量). If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters.” 要点3: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of(不管) whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome(成果) can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate (相称的) to the amount of effort your child has put into it. 要点4: ________________________________________________________________________________________ 概要写作（二） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。 Speed-reading is a necessary skill in the Internet age. We read articles, e-mails and WeChat quickly, trying to understand key words and the most important meaning of a certain text. Faced with so much information from our smart phones, it would be impossible to cope if we read word by word, line by line. However, more and more people enjoy reading slowly. 要点1: ________________________________________________________________________________________ There is a book club in Wellington, New Zealand, where members meet in a cafe and turn off their smart phones. They sink into comfortable chairs and read in silence for an hour. Unlike other book clubs, the point of the slow reading club isn't exchanging ideas about a certain book, but to get away from smart phones and read in a quiet, relaxed environment. Actually, the Wellington book club is just one example of slow reading book clubs. 要点2: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Nowadays, technology has made us unable to focus on reading. “Screens have changed our reading patterns from the top-to-bottom, left-to-right order to a wild skimming (略读) and skipping pattern as we hunt for important words and information. Reading a text with links leads to weaker understanding than reading an ordinary text," says Patrick Kingsley from a newspaper. However, slow reading is good for readers in many ways. It sharpens the mind, improves concentration, reduces stress levels and deepens the ability to sympathize (同情). Another study last year showed that reading novels slowly helps people understand others’ mental states and beliefs(信仰), a fundamental(基本的) skill in building relationships. 要点3: ________________________________________________________________________________________ “Aim for 30 minutes a day,” advises Kelly, a slow reader. “You can put in half an hour pretty easily during your free moments. You pick up a meaningful book rather than start your computer to look for your favorite site for something to pass the time,” Kelly said. 要点4: ________________________________________________________________________________________ 概要写作（三） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Choosing the right college can be a difficult task. There are thousands of colleges and universities for you to choose from and many are worthy of being considered. For each potential college, find out the success rate of students getting their jobs, especially those related to your majors. Here are some strategies (策略) for you to make the right choice. 要点1: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Colleges which offer practice in some of the fields are worthy of your attention. It can provide you with a large amount of information on job hunting. Companies often prefer employees(员工) that perform well. Practice gives you the valuable experience and necessary opportunities. Some practical skills that you learn will really prepare yourself for the certain jobs. Besides, choosing a college that has teacher members with good reputations(声誉) in their fields can also be very useful since these teacher members can provide you with steps into the working world by practice. 要点2: ________________________________________________________________________________________ School rankings and a national reputation of academic success are often the important factors (因素) for your potential employers. This type of information can be found easily on the Internet and in magazines. To the employers(雇主), graduates from high ranking(名次) colleges are often considered more reliable(可靠的). They have a stronger ability to learn and are more likely to create wealth for the company. Sometimes it can even be a more important factor in looking for a job than the actual quality of education the college provides. 要点3: ________________________________________________________________________________________ After narrowing down your choices to a few colleges, it's time to visit them. Taking a look at the campus can change your attitude to a particular(特定的) school. Plan your tour and then do some research on your own. It is also important to talk to as many students as you can and find out if earning a degree(学位) from the school is helpful in getting a job. Meanwhile(与此同时), you can speak to the students in the majors you're considering to know what the courses are like, what you'll learn, and what your expected outcome(成果) will be. 要点4: ________________________________________________________________________________________ 概要写作（四） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。 No one will be surprised to hear that the arts are under fire in this day and age. We view the arts as something of a hobby, something that's fun but certainly can't pay the rent. If it's not a useful skill, no wonder (不足为奇)arts funding(资金) is being cut in schools. Do we really need art in our lives? 要点1: ________________________________________________________________________________________ In schools, time and money are at a premium(紧缺的,稀有的), now more than ever. Teachers have to fit so many lessons into every day. It's easy to see why art is dropping more and more by the wayside(被搁置). Budgets(预算) are dropping at an alarming rate, and what school is going to drop teaching in essential(基本的) subjects such as math or science when they can drop art instead? 要点2: ________________________________________________________________________________________ It seems as though the loss of art in daily life is a sad fact of life, but it doesn't have to be. There are actually a lot of practical uses for art for many people. For example, art therapy(治疗) has helped people with a range of illnesses, both mental and physical, coping with their symptoms(症状). Art is found almost anywhere you look in your home. Practical items, such as bedspreads, furniture(家具) or clothing, are all art forms in themselves and arouse(唤起) emotions(情感) in the people interacting(互动) with them. 要点3: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Art also gives us insight(洞察力) into the world. History tells us what happened and when it happened, but it can't tell us how the population at large felt about it, which is where art steps in. We know a lot about how people in the past lived, because their art has given us a deep insight into their daily lives. We wouldn't have that insight without art. 要点4: ________________________________________________________________________________________ Most of all, we need art in our lives as it gives us a form of self-expression. Being able to talk about our feelings is essential to staying healthy. You may not think you talk about your feelings, but you may express them in other ways. Some like to cook or bake, some like to work mechanically(机械地), and others may like to paint or draw. Whatever you like to do in your spare time, you're probably creating art every day. 要点5: ________________________________________________________________________________________ So, do we need art in our lives? Many people would say no, but the art they're thinking of is the art you see in galleries(画廊). Art is actually much more accessible(可接近的) and it is truly needed in everyday life. It helps those in need, gives people in the future an idea of what life was like, and is a vital(至关重要的) form of self-expression. 要点6: ________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 概要写作（一）高分范文(59 words) Excessive praise lacking in sincerity will make children lose the confidence to try new things, for they worry about failure. However, the absence of enough praise may potentially result in their self-doubt. To make a balance of effective praise, quality takes priority over quantity for children, which means that the praise given to children should be genuine and specific. 概要写作（二）高分范文(75 words) The significance of speed-reading cannot be ignored in the Internet age. However, an increasing number of people have the tendency to read slowly. Actually, there are many slow reading clubs where people set aside their smart phones, enjoying reading quietly and slowly. Currently, people find if hard to concentrate due to technology, which can be relieved by virtue of slow reading. Therefore, people are highly recommended to spend 30 minutes every day in reading slowly. 概要写作（三）高分范文(69 words) Some approaches may be of great help to deal with difficulties in selecting the right college. Firstly, a college that can provide practice is worth considering, as practice offers valuable experience conducive to applying for decent jobs. Secondly, you are advised to think over school rankings and academic achievements. Last but not least, it is essential to visit your favoured colleges personally and do some research on the courses. 概要写作（四）高分范文(61 words) Regarded as a hobby, art is neglected in school. Schools usually focus more on basic education. Nonetheless, the value of art is far greater than what we see. Not only can art therapy benefits our health, but art itself broadens our horizons? Most importantly, art is needed to express our complicated feelings that words fail to convey. Consequently, art is indispensable. ( 第 2 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $