Unit 5 Here and Now核心语法-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

2026-01-26
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摘要:

本讲义聚焦人教版七年级下册Unit 5核心语法现在进行时,系统梳理其作为初中时态学习基础的核心地位,涵盖构成(am/is/are+doing)、句式变化(否定/疑问)、三大用法(此刻动作、阶段持续、计划将来)及与一般现在时的辨析,搭建从基础规则到中考应用的学习支架。 该资料以“记忆口诀+表格对比+中考真题”为特色,通过口诀强化语言能力,对比辨析培养思维品质,真题训练提升学习能力。例如用“am/is/are+doing”口诀助记结构,表格对比时态差异,课中辅助教师高效授课,课后闯关训练帮助学生查漏补缺,书面表达模板助力语言输出,综合提升英语核心素养。

内容正文:

人教版七年级下册Unit 5 Here and Now核心语法讲 本单元核心语法为现在进行时,是七年级英语时态学习的核心基础,也是中考单选、完形、情景交际的高频考点(近三年中考占时态类考题30%以上)。核心聚焦此时此刻正在发生的动作或现阶段持续进行的动作,与单元“Here and Now(此时此地)”主题高度契合。 核心记忆口诀: 现在进行“am/is/are+doing”,此时此刻正发生; 阶段持续也能用,标志词语记心中; 否定疑问be变化,doing形式莫变形。 一、核心语法:现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense) 现在进行时表示说话瞬间正在进行的动作,或当前一段时间内持续进行的动作(动作未必此刻正在做),动作具有“进行中、未完成”的特点,常与具体时间标志词、语境提示词搭配使用,是描述当下场景的核心时态。 (一)基本构成(中考基础考点,必须掌握) 现在进行时由“助动词am/is/are + 动词的现在分词(doing)”构成,人称和数的变化仅体现在助动词am/is/are上,动词现在分词形式保持不变。 人称/数 助动词 基本结构 例句(贴合单元主题) 第一人称单数(I) am I am + doing I am reading an English book now. 我现在正在读一本英语书。 第三人称单数(he/she/it/单名) is He/She/It + is + doing She is listening to music in her room. 她正在房间里听音乐。 第一/二人称复数、第二人称单数(we/you/they/复名) are We/You/They + are + doing They are playing games on the playground. 他们正在操场上玩游戏。 (二)句式变化(中考语法填空/句型转换高频考点) 现在进行时的否定句、疑问句仅需变化助动词am/is/are,动词现在分词始终不变,这是中考基础易错点,需重点掌握。 1. 否定句 在am/is/are后加not,可缩写为isn’t/aren’t(am not无缩写) 例句:① He is writing a letter. → He isn’t writing a letter. ② They are having a class. → They aren’t having a class. 2. 一般疑问句 将am/is/are提到句首,首字母大写,句末用问号;第一人称I可换为you,am换为are 例句:① I am watching TV. → Are you watching TV?(肯定回答:Yes, I am. 否定回答:No, I am not.) ② She is drawing a picture. → Is she drawing a picture?(肯定回答:Yes, she is. 否定回答:No, she isn’t.) 3. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + doing + 其他? 常用疑问词:what(做什么)、where(在哪里做)、who(谁在做)、how(怎样做) 例句:① What are you doing right now? 你现在正在做什么?(回答:I am doing my homework.) ② Where is he playing basketball? 他正在哪里打篮球?(回答:He is playing basketball in the gym.) (三)核心用法 场景1:表示说话瞬间/此时此刻正在进行的动作 这是现在进行时最核心的用法,常与now, right now, at the moment等时间标志词连用,也可通过look, listen等语境提示词判断(中考情景交际高频考点)。 例句:① Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. 听!有人正在隔壁房间唱歌。(listen提示此刻动作) ② At the moment, my mother is cooking in the kitchen. 此刻,我妈妈正在厨房做饭。(单元家庭场景) 场景2:表示当前一段时间内持续进行的动作 动作未必在说话瞬间正在发生,但在近期(几天/几周)处于持续状态,常与these days, recently, this week等标志词连用。 例句:① She is learning to swim these days. 这些天她正在学游泳。(未必此刻正在游) ② We are reading a new book this week. 这周我们正在读一本新书。(单元学习场景) 场景3:表示计划/安排好的将来动作 仅适用于表示位移或计划的瞬间动词,如go(去)、come(来)、leave(离开)、arrive(到达)、start(开始)等,常与表示将来的时间状语(tomorrow, next week)连用。 例句:① My father is going to Beijing tomorrow. 我爸爸明天要去北京。 ② They are coming to our school next week. 他们下周要来我们学校。 (四)中考易错点辨析 1. 现在进行时 vs 一般现在时(中考最常考时态辨析) 核心区别:现在进行时表“正在进行的、暂时的动作”,强调动作的状态;一般现在时表“经常性、习惯性的动作”或“客观事实”,强调动作的频率/属性。 时态 核心特点 常用标志词 例句 现在进行时 此刻/阶段正在做,暂时动作 now, look, listen, these days He is playing football now. 他现在正在踢足球。 一般现在时 经常/习惯性做,永久/客观 usually, often, always, every day He plays football every Saturday. 他每周六都踢足球。 2. 现在分词(doing)的构成规则(基础易错点,通用规则) 现在分词的构成是七年级基础考点,与过去进行时的分词规则一致,需熟记4大规则,避免拼写错误: 一般动词直接加-ing:play→playing,read→reading(单元高频词) 以不发音e结尾的动词,去e加-ing:write→writing,dance→dancing 重读闭音节动词(辅+元+辅结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母),双写末尾辅音加-ing:run→running,swim→swimming,sit→sitting 以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y加-ing:lie→lying,die→dying(中考偶尔考查) 3. 不可用现在进行时的动词(中考易错点) 表示心理状态、情感、感官、拥有的动词,一般不用于现在进行时,需用一般现在时,这类动词中考常考的有: think(想)、like(喜欢)、love(爱)、hate(讨厌)、know(知道)、see(看见)、hear(听见)、have(拥有)、want(想要) 例句: I like English very much. She has a new pen. (五)中考真题/模拟题例析 (1) 【2025年河南中考·语境提示词】—Look! What _____ the children _____ over there? —They are flying kites. A. do; do B. are; doing C. did; do D. were; doing 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时的语境运用。look是现在进行时的提示词,表此刻正在发生的动作,主语the children是复数,用are doing,故选B。 (2) 【2025年山东济南中考模拟·句式变化】My brother is playing computer games in his room.(改为否定句) My brother _____ _____ computer games in his room. 答案:isn’t; playing 解析:考点为现在进行时的否定句结构。在助动词is后加not,缩写为isn’t,动词现在分词playing保持不变。 (3) 【2025年湖北武汉中考·时态辨析】—What do you usually do on weekends? —I usually play basketball, but I _____ books these days. A. read B. am reading C. readed D. was reading 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时表阶段持续动作。由these days可知,表近期持续的动作,用现在进行时am reading,故选B。 (4) 【2025年广东广州中考·易错动词】—What _____ you _____ about? —I am thinking about my school trip. A. are; thinking B. do; think C. are; think D. do; thinking 答案:A 解析:考点为现在进行时的正确运用。think表“思考”时,可用于现在进行时(表此刻正在思考的动作,区别于表“认为”的静态含义),主语you用are thinking,故选A。 二、语法综合运用 本单元主题为“Here and Now”,书面表达常要求描述此刻自己/家人/朋友正在做的事,或描述校园/家庭的当下场景,核心需用现在进行时串联内容,搭配场景副词、连接词让表达更流畅,以下为通用模板及范文,贴合单元考点与考场要求。 (一)书面表达通用模板(描述当下场景) It’s [时间,如nine o’clock] now. I am [doing sth.] in [地点,如my room]. My family are all busy too. My father is [doing sth.] in the [地点]. My mother is [doing sth.] in the [地点]. My [sister/brother] is [doing sth.]. We are all happy, and this is a quiet and warm moment. (二)范文片段 It’s eight o’clock in the evening now. I am doing my English homework in my study.(现在进行时,此刻动作)My family are in the living room. My father is watching TV on the sofa, and my mother is drinking tea next to him.(并列现在进行时,描述多人动作)My little sister is playing with her toys on the floor. Look! My catis sleeping on the chair.(look提示此刻动作)We are having a happy evening together. 三、语法闯关训练 (1) 【2025年湖南长沙中考】—What _____ you _____ now? —I am drinking some water. A. are; doing B. do; do C. did; do D. is; doing (2) 【2025年福建厦门期末统考】Listen! The girls _____ songs in the music room. A. sing B. sings C. are singing D. sang (3) 【2025年安徽合肥中考】My mother _____ dinner in the kitchen now. She often cooks for us. A. cooks B. is cooking C. cooked D. will cook (4) 【2025年辽宁沈阳中考】—Is your brother reading a book? —_____. He is playing a game. A. Yes, he is B. No, he isn’t C. Yes, he does D. No, he doesn’t (5) 【2025年云南昆明中考模拟】They _____ not playing basketball now. They are playing volleyball. A. am B. is C. are D. were (6) 【2025年贵州贵阳中考】—Where is Tom? —He _____ basketball with his friends on the playground. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. played (7) 【2025年山西太原中考】These days, we _____ a new subject at school. It’s very interesting. A. learn B. are learning C. learned D. will learn (8) 【2025年内蒙古呼和浩特中考】My sister _____ to Shanghai tomorrow. She is packing her schoolbag now. A. goes B. is going C. went D. will go (9) 【2025年宁夏银川期末统考】—What is your father doing? —He _____ a newspaper in the living room. A. reads B. read C. is reading D. will read (10) 【2025年海南海口中考】Look! The bird _____ in the sky. It’s very beautiful. A. fly B. flies C. is flying D. flew (11) 【2025年新疆乌鲁木齐中考】I _____ my homework every evening, but now I _____ a book. A. do; am reading B. do; read C. am doing; read D. am doing; am reading (12) 【2025年广西南宁中考模拟】—Are the students having a class now? —Yes, they _____ . The teacher is teaching them English. A. are B. do C. is D. does (13) 【2025年甘肃兰州中考】She _____ dancing very much. She _____ in the dance club every Sunday. A. likes; dances B. is liking; is dancing C. likes; is dancing D. is liking; dances (14) 【2025年青海西宁中考】—What _____ your parents _____ now? —They are cleaning the house. A. are; do B. are; doing C. do; do D. do; doing (15) 【2025年江苏无锡中考】My friend Lily _____ a letter to her pen pal at the moment. A. write B. writes C. is writing D. wrote (16) 【2025年浙江宁波中考】They _____ a football match on TV now. They are very excited. A. watch B. are watching C. watched D. will watch (17) 【2025年山东青岛中考模拟】He _____ (play) the piano now. He plays it very well.(用play的适当形式填空) (18) 【2025年湖北宜昌中考】We _____ (not read) books now. We are talking with each other.(用read的适当形式填空) (19) 【2025年广东佛山中考】—What _____ she _____ (do) right now? —She _____ (draw) a picture.(用do/draw的适当形式填空) (20) 【2025年河南郑州中考模拟】Look! The children _____ (run) on the playground.(用run的适当形式填空) 4、 闯关训练答案+详细解析 (1) 答案:A 解析:考点为现在进行时的特殊疑问句。由now可知,询问此刻正在做的动作,主语you对应are,结构为are doing,故选A。 (2) 答案:C 解析:考点为现在进行时的语境提示词。listen是现在进行时的标志词,表此刻正在发生的动作,主语the girls是复数,用are singing,故选C。 (3) 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时与一般现在时辨析。由now可知,表此刻正在做饭,用is cooking;后句often表习惯性动作,用一般现在时,故选B。 (4) 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时的一般疑问句回答。问句用Is your brother doing,答句根据后句“他在玩游戏”可知是否定回答,用No, he isn’t,故选B。 (5) 答案:C 解析:考点为现在进行时的否定句。主语they是复数,助动词用are,否定式为are not playing,故选C。 (6) 答案:C 解析:考点为现在进行时的语境运用。问句询问Tom在哪里,答句表他此刻正在打篮球,用is playing,故选C。 (7) 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时表阶段持续动作。由These days可知,表近期正在学新科目,用are learning,故选B。 (8) 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时表将来。go是位移动词,与tomorrow连用,用is going表计划好的将来动作,故选B。 (9) 答案:C 解析:考点为现在进行时的语境运用。问句用现在进行时询问爸爸正在做什么,答句对应表此刻正在看报纸,用is reading,故选C。 (10) 答案:C 解析:考点为现在进行时的语境提示词。look是现在进行时的标志词,表此刻正在飞,主语the bird是单数,用is flying,故选C。 (11) 答案:A 解析:考点为现在进行时与一般现在时辨析。every evening表习惯性动作,用一般现在时do;now表此刻正在看书,用am reading,故选A。 (12) 答案:A 解析:考点为现在进行时的一般疑问句回答。问句用Are the students doing,肯定回答为Yes, they are,故选A。 (13) 答案:A 解析:考点为不可用现在进行时的动词。like是表情感的静态动词,不能用于现在进行时,用一般现在时likes;every Sunday表习惯性动作,用dances,故选A。 (14) 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时的特殊疑问句。由now可知,询问父母此刻正在做什么,主语your parents是复数,用are doing,故选B。 (15) 答案:C 解析:考点为现在进行时的标志词。at the moment是now的同义短语,表此刻正在写信,用is writing,故选C。 (16) 答案:B 解析:考点为现在进行时的语境运用。由now可知,表此刻正在看球赛,用are watching,故选B。 (17) 答案:is playing 解析:考点为现在进行时的构成。由now可知,用现在进行时,主语he是单数,助动词用is,play的现在分词是playing。 (18) 答案:aren’t reading 解析:考点为现在进行时的否定句。由now可知,用现在进行时,主语we是复数,助动词用are,否定式为aren’t reading。 (19) 答案:is; doing; is drawing 解析:考点为现在进行时的特殊疑问句及回答。由right now可知,用现在进行时,主语she是单数,问句用is doing,答句用is drawing。 (20) 答案:are running 解析:考点为现在进行时的构成+现在分词拼写。look提示用现在进行时,主语the children是复数,助动词用are;run是重读闭音节动词,现在分词双写n加ing,为running。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 5 Here and Now核心语法-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册
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Unit 5 Here and Now核心语法-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册
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Unit 5 Here and Now核心语法-2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册
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