精品解析：上海市行知中学2025-2026学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

上海市行知中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末 高一年级英语学科试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a supermarket. B. In a drug store. C. In a department store. D. In a car repair shop 2. A. 20 minutes B. 45 minutes. C. 25 minutes. D. 65 minutes. 3. A. Professor and student. B. Director and actor. C. Writer and advertiser. D. Hostess and guest. 4. A. She picked up the book from the bus stop. B. She can help the man out. C. She’s also in need of a chemistry textbook. D. She will help the man to find the right person. 5. A. Take the test in three weeks. B. Call to make inquiries about the test results. C. Be patient and wait for the test results. D. Inquire about the date when the results will be released. 6. A. He set fire to the building. B. He parked his car beside the building. C. He was trying to clear the road with the help of some other people. D. He found out what was going on. 7. A. He’s going to the theatre. B. He’s just returned from a job interview. C. He’s just visited his tailor. D. He’s dressed up to have his photo taken. 8. A. Registering for courses. B. Studying engineering and art history. C. Buying literature books. D. Going to the registry office. 9. A. The Jenkins made a wise investment. B. It is not sensible to make such an investment. C. The Jenkins should buy the stocks later. D. It is essential that the Jenkins should move out. 10. A. It is not a good timing to build it. B. It should have been built earlier. C. She is curious about this plan D. She doubts how long the plan will take. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on the passage and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. South Korean Women. B. American citizens. C. People in industrialized countries. D. People with economic improvements. 12. A. High premature deaths. B. Overweight citizens. C. A lack of public health care. D. A shortage in new medical technologies. 13. A. More facilities should be established. B. Additional pressure should be put on pensions. C. People should retire at an earlier age. D. People should be provided with more payments. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation. 14. A. Because of the security of the job. B. For a promotion to the Executive Director. C. To inspire the folks in the community. D. To enrich others and her own lives. 15. A. The speaker graduated in law and used to earn generous salaries. B. Spelman is a non-profit institute which turns out social workers. C. The audiences are regarded as beautiful because they all belong to Spelman. D. Public service is rewardng both in a spiritual and material sense. 16. A. Urging classmates to get involved in public service. B. Expressing gratitude to the audience for their volunteer work. C. Delivery a speech to the graduates from Spelman College. D. Illustrating how to help others as one climbs his career ladder. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. May 19th. B. May 20th. C. May 23rd. D. May 16th. 18. A. Three meals a day. B. Train fare. C. Competition entrance fee. D. Floor space. 19. A. The entrance fee is 16 euros this year. B. College basket teams abroad can enter for the game by phone. C. It is the 80th anniversary of the Tampere Student Game. D. The game will end with a ceremony in the last evening. 20. A. Students can enjoy a reduced rate during that period. B. All the basketball teams live in that hotel. C. It will provide three meals to the players living there. D. It is close to where all the matches are held. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the two passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A road trip Out of all possible road trips, the best one is by car. You finish packing, put everything inside the car, sit inside it, buckle up, look at your friend ___1___ (sit) next to you, smile and ... go! And then begins the most wonderful part of the road trip. It is not the place you are heading to but what you see from the opened window of the car ___2___ matters. The best part is when you leave your home before the dawn. Personally, ___3___ I look in the direction of the east, I am always amazed by how the sun informs the world about its arrival. I love to meet the sun while driving a road trip in a car. ___4___ (bring) alive in the new sunlight, everything looks promising. It always seems as if it was the first time in your life that you had seen a green leaflet, the trees, ___5___ grew right next to your car window, and a light smiling over the nature. Spring and autumn are two seasons of the year that are perfect for a road trip. In my opinion, spring is the most inspiring time of the year, ___6___ when you open the car windows, you can actually feel that the world is clean and ready for a new life. The green grass is so fresh that you can’t wait ___7___ (take) a deep breath. The air is filled with a fragrant smell of the plants. A road trip in autumn is beautiful, too. The golden brush touches ___8___ around the gardens, the fields, the groves, the woods. In deep autumn, the whole earth ___9___ (cover) by colorful plants as if you were driving through a fine carpet. The air is sharp, cool and fresh. You simply put on a warmer sweater but never put the window up! A road trip for me is the moment of communication with nature. It is a dialogue ___10___ the nature and me. The beauty that you observe during a car road trip purifies you, refreshing your soul and your mind! Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. amused B. common C. complete D. disconnecting E. means F. mission G. perform H. positive I. prepared J. spreading K. struggle The world of live action role-playing For many people, the days of playing make-believe (假扮) ended in childhood. But for some, the game of make-believe lives on in Live Action Role-Playing, or LARP. This is a game where people act out characters in a(n) ____11____ plot. A gamemaster creates the plot and then puts together an event where people ____12____ the story. Those who find a particular plot interesting sign up for the event. Then the gamemaster, or the players themselves, make up their characters for the story. At the event, each person comes in costume and behaves as their character. Although pretty much anything goes in LARP, nearly every event involves players completing a(n) ____13____ together. A gamemaster writes a goal into the plot and usually prepares challenges for the players. For example, a character may hold up the mission, making it hard to ____14____ the goal. LARP events can be as long as the gamemasters want them to be. They can last anywhere from a few hours to several days. The genius of LARP is that each event can be any kind of story. The most ____15____ ones come from fantasy, historical, horror or science fiction genres (体裁). With such a variety of story types, LARP attracts all kinds of people. Some players enjoy LARP as a(n) ____16____ to practice creating or costume-making. Other players enjoy the challenge of slipping into different worlds and using their brains to solve puzzles. There are also those who simply want to have fun and make friends. One ____17____ LARP players have is coming out of their LARP experiences and returning to the real world. This is especially common after a long event. Most players experience a “bleed,” which describes parts of their LARP experience ____18____ into their everyday life. Since all the senses — seeing, hearing, touching, smelling and tasting — are at work, ____19____ becomes difficult. However, researchers agree that the overall effects of LARP are ______20______. People of different backgrounds come together to grow their skills, play and express creativity. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. serve B. shape C. sharing D. released E. spread F. willingly G. questioned H. separately I. practice J. preparing K.creating Communal Eating? In China, communal eating (合餐共食) is considered very important for forming a close relationship. In the memories of most Chinese, one of the happiest moments in their lives was seated around a table with families or friends, ____21____ dishes and chatting over wine. In the campaign against the COVID-19 outbreak, this dining tradition has been greatly ____22____. Since each diner picks food out of the communal plates on a bite-by-bite basis with their chopsticks, the virus can be transferred from saliva (唾液) to chopsticks to the dish. What’s worse, diners often ____23____ others with their own utensils, such as chopsticks or spoons, to express friendliness and care. Several cases of coronavirus are thought to have ____24____ through families when sharing food during the Chinese New Year period. Communal eating has thus become a target of both governments and restaurants. Posters have been ____25____ by local governments to encourage people to use serving utensils. Concerned about customers being very careful about returning to restaurants, the catering industry (餐饮业) has ____26____ joined the campaign. For example, many restaurants, once allowed to reopen, have immediately sprung into action, particularly offering set meals for one single person. These changes are likely to continue and could be encouraged by local regulations, as eating together ____27____ can always protect the public health. The measures will ____28____ the traditional mealtime manners. The move away from a traditional cultural ____29____ is ongoing. But as an expert said, “In modern times to eat individually may lose some tradition, but it can also mean more opportunities for ______30______ something new in Chinese food and eating habits.” Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Crazy But Perfect Way to Make Friends When I was teaching indoor cycling every week, an unexpected benefit of the job was free ice cream. One of the class ____31____ had an ice cream machine at home and sometimes brought samples for me to try, in ____32____ such as pumpkin and strawberry. I think he did this not only because he was a nice person but also because in class, I was the nicest version of myself: warm, welcoming, and encouraging, ____33____ my usual critical tendency. I noticed this friendliness in others, too. Two people who met in my class started dating. Strangers who became friends there went out for post-workout coffees. Two of the other class invited me to go skiing with them. Many of the good friends I have at age 35 are people I met in exercise classes I attended regularly. These experiences have ____34____ me that group fitness classes are the best place to make friends as an adult—an idea supported by research that suggests the feel-good chemicals of exercise have interpersonal ____35____. Once, countless friendship were born in what the sociologist Oldenburg called “third places” physical places that aren’t a home or ____36____, don’t charge much for entry, and exist in large part to ____37____ conversation. Over the past several decades, especially as a result of the pandemic, third places such as bars and cafes have begun playing a much smaller role in social life, depriving American adults of the opportunities for encounters that can lead to friendship. Perhaps that’s partly why Americans rank ____38____ relationships among their top New Year’s wishes. Group fitness classes don’t exactly fit the definition of a third place. They cost money, and ____39____ activities within them are sweating, complaining, and skipping a few motions when the instructor isn’t looking. ____40____ they fulfill many conditions that sociopsychology research has shown to help form meaningful ____41____ between strangers: proximity (being in the same place), ritual (at the same time, over and over), and shared experiences or interest (because you do and like the same things). Trying hard to ____42____ shared interests can be horribly awkward when you meet someone new at work or even at a party. Group fitness classes make it a little easier, Stephanie Goldberg, an athlete psychotherapist in New York, told me. “____43____, when you walk into a fitness class, you are likely to share the idea that we like to exercise or we like to do this particular kind of exercise”, she said, “It can start conversations differently, compared with standing in a bar or at someone’s house.” Of course, ____44____ still requires someone to say something, which, if you are sweaty and panting, could be put off a bit. Whether I’m an instructor or a classmate, one simple ____45____ has never failed me: I simply walk up to someone after class and say, “hey, good job.” 31. A. concepts B. alternatives C. regulars D. comedians 32. A. flavors B. ingredients C. goods D. styles 33. A. because of B. in spite of C. in addition to D. apart from 34. A. convinced B. frustrated C. established D. permitted 35. A. factors B. issues C. attempts D. benefits 36. A. base B. workplace C. habitat D. castle 37. A. foster B. survive C. load D. filter 38. A. settling B. quitting C. improving D. adapting 39. A. main B. intense C. definite D. spontaneous 40. A. But B. So C. And D. Though 41. A. regards B. chores C. connections D. structures 42. A. put aside B. find out C. hang on D. check out 43. A. Currently B. Automatically C. Incredibly D. Slightly 44. A. breaking the ice B. seeking out C. cheering up D. popping up 45. A. appointment B. origin C. strategy D. judgement Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) A short period of sleep taken during the day is known as a nap. Naps don’t just have benefits for adults at work, though. They could also help pupils to make the most of their school day. Studies have shown that a 20 to 30-minute “beauty sleep” makes people more alert and focused. This improves people’s ability to remember new information, which would help school children concentrate during lessons. Experts say that napping also improves brain functions, such as memory and the ability to complete difficult tasks. The school day starts early, which means that pupils don’t always get enough sleep because there’s no chance to have a lie-in. Adding naptime during the school day would help exhausted pupils to make up for any sleep they’ve lost from getting up so early. There are long-term benefits to taking a short nap, too. According to a recent study from University College London, the brains of people who have regular naps are bigger than those who don’t. People’s brains naturally shrink when they grow old, and the results showed that little sleeps can help people’s brains to age more slowly. Although a nap can seem like a good idea, going to sleep for too long can actually make you feel worse. It’s not very pleasant to wake up from a daytime nap feeling confused and sleepy. Napping during the day can also have a negative impact on how well you sleep at night. This can create a cycle of not being able to sleep as well at night, leaving you feeling even more tired in the daytime. Sleep expert Dr Clete Kushida said, “It’s generally recommended to maximize sleep at night.” Another consideration is that there really isn’t time in the school day for pupils to go to sleep. Some parents and teachers are concerned that it would cause children to miss too much lesson time. Pupils might take advantage of the system and use their need for a nap as an excuse to get out of lessons. So, what do you think? Should school allow kids to have naps, or should you wait until the evening to catch up on your sleep? 46. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A. children need more naps than adults do B. naps improve memory, efficiency and beauty C. both children and adults are equally in need of naps D. naps can bring more benefits to children than to adults 47. According to the passage, napping for too long is not advisable because ________. A. it may affect a healthier cycle of sleep B. school kids will feel too sleepy to wake up C. it can’t make up for the sleep lost from waking up early D. it extends the school day for kids to have enough lessons 48. Which of the following statements can be learned about taking naps according to the passage? A. It’s better for babies to have as many daytime naps as possible. B. Regular naps can slow the rate at which brains shrink with age. C. There’s no need to guarantee night sleep if one has regular naps. D. Different from teachers, parents want their kids to have naptimes. 49. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Should Schools Have Naptimes? B. How Could Naptimes Benefit Kids? C. Are Kids Losing Too Much Sleep? D. Do You Get Enough Daytime Sleep? (B) Packing lists will vary based on where you’ re going and how long you’ re traveling, but the best travel accessories (配件) can improve every trip. Taking the right things means a smoother journey, every time. Below, we’ve rounded up some accessories to pack. Discover the best travel accessories: •A trusted tote •A travel toiletry bag •A tray table cover •A portable steamer •A tech kit •A power adapter •… (to discover more, click here) A trusted tote A tote is the perfect personal bag during a flight — it’s roomy enough to store all your bits and pieces, and is usually pretty pliable, meaning you can press it under the seat without taking up all the room for your feet. It’s also easy to carry while you’ re rushing through the airport. A travel toiletry bag It is key to keeping your belongings organized. We all like those with their good space for toothbrush, soaps and other necessary things in bathrooms. No matter where you’ re headed, and who you’ re traveling with, you should certainly choose a hanging toiletry bag that allows you to keep things tidy and off the bathroom table. A tray table cover This has become one of the most popular in-flight travel necessities. It covers the surface — so you can eat and work off of it without worrying that the surface might not be clean enough. Another advantage: it has four pockets to store must-haves like your passport, phone, etc. A portable steamer If you’ re traveling to a wedding or heading out on a business trip, you may want a steamer to make your formal wear look its best after you take it out of your bag. A portable steamer can get the job done and at the same time it’s light and small and easy to pack. A tech kit Like every traveler, you have plenty of tools that need charging (充电). Save space in your bag — and save yourself the headache of digging through your bag — by keeping relevant things in place in a tech kit. A power adapter For international travel, a power adapter is a must to get your smart phone, among other things, charged up at the airport or in your hotel room. 50. Which of the following is a travel toiletry bag? A. B. C. D. 51. If your father travels from Shanghai to Beijing for a business meeting by train, which of the following will the writer probably suggest him taking? A. A power adapter. B. A trusted tote. C. A tray table cover. D. A portable steamer. 52. The passage is written to ________. A. show strengths of travelling necessities B. advertise useful items for a trip C. share practical travelling accessories D. discuss how to pack for a trip (C) Riding the bus to school could be keeping some kids out of class. Most school buses run on fuel. Those buses send out pollution, including tiny particles and gases. Bus riders get exposed to high levels of this pollution. When breathed in, it can lead to breathing problems, such as asthma (哮喘), which may keep kids home from school. But replacing the worst-polluting buses should cut down on student absences, a new study shows. The study focused on schools that were asked to take part in a U. S. government program. The program offered schools cash back for money spent on cleaner school buses. The 2, 816 school districts in the new study all asked for the money. But not all got it. Only 383 were picked to receive funding. Winning districts could buy new buses and desert old ones. The program started in 2012. From 2012 to 2017, the winning districts very likely had less bus pollution. And a year after getting new buses, student attendance had improved in those districts. For an average district of 10, 000 students, about six more students attended school each day in the winning districts. Districts that replaced the oldest buses had an average of 45 more students in school each day. Those numbers may sound small, but they can add up, says Meredith Pedde, an environmental epidemiologist (流行病学家). Almost 3 million U. S. kids ride school buses more than 20 years old, her team figures. Replacing all of those old buses could mean 1.3 million fewer student absences each year, the data suggest. And school attendance matters for student achievement. Now the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a new program for school buses. It’s offering $5 billion through 2026 to replace old fuel buses with cleaner ones. Almost all U. S. school districts can apply for the new rebates. But schools in low-income areas and in rural areas will get priority. Kids in these areas tend to face the most health risks from old buses, EPA notes. And anything that cuts air pollution, Pedde says, should improve student health. 53. What is the primary reason why riding the bus to school might lead to student absences? A. Serious fuel shortage for school buses. B. Lack of available seats on school buses. C. High risk of disease spreading in a bus. D. High levels of pollution from school buses. 54. What does Meredith Pedde suggest about the impact of replacing old buses? A. It increases health risks for students. B. It is a costly and ineffective measure. C. It helps to improve student attendances. D. It has no significant effect on absences. 55. What does the underline word “rebates” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to? A. Financial aids. B. School posts. C. Health benefits. D. Public resources. 56. What is the purpose of the text? A. To describe the potential risk of school buses. B. To talk about the use of cleaner school buses. C. To discuss the importance of decreasing absence. D. To call on the government to improve school buses. Section C Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read. Group Intelligence Being smart doesn’t matter much if you’re working in a group, according to the first study to calculate collective intelligence—a group’s ability to succeed at a variety of tasks. Surprisingly, in a team an individual’s intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources, a set of recent experiments found. ____57____ That also explains why groups with more women — who score higher on tests of social sensitivity — were more likely to stand out, said study leader Anita Williams Woolley, an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Particularly intelligent groups also had more people who took turns speaking, according to the study, published in the journal Science. To test the conclusion, Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person’s intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests. ____58____ The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks, which is the “primary evidence for collective intelligence,” Woolley said. ____59____ As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said. ____60____— especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings, she said. For instance, knowing a group’s collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business. A. There’s such a focus on individual intelligence and individual accomplishment. B. To sum up, this ability to predict group success may offer guidance in real-life situations. C. Instead, a group is more successful if it contains people who can read emotions from people’s faces. D. Group intelligence may also be rooted in the past. E. The volunteers were then split into groups of two to five and asked to do some simple tasks. F. Next, the groups were each asked to perform more complex tasks. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 参加体育活动很有可能会缓解精神压力。(likely) （汉译英） 62. 他决定无视网上那些不相干的评论，只专注于手头上的任务。(ignore) (汉译英) 63. 这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。(which)(汉译英) 64. 这家动物园致力于保护濒危物种，它也是公认的动物教育基地，让游客在富有教育意义的环境中领略动物王国的物种多样性。(conservation, appreciate) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 65. Directions: Write an English paragraph in no less than 70 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明。你校拟为高一学生增设“唐诗英译(Translating Tang Poems into English)”社团，并就此征询学生意见。请写封邮件给负责人朱老师，在邮件的主体段落： 1)表明你是否会加入该社团； 2)陈述你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市行知中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末 高一年级英语学科试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a supermarket. B. In a drug store. C. In a department store. D. In a car repair shop 2. A. 20 minutes B. 45 minutes. C. 25 minutes. D. 65 minutes. 3. A. Professor and student. B. Director and actor. C. Writer and advertiser. D. Hostess and guest. 4. A. She picked up the book from the bus stop. B. She can help the man out. C. She’s also in need of a chemistry textbook. D. She will help the man to find the right person. 5. A. Take the test in three weeks. B. Call to make inquiries about the test results. C. Be patient and wait for the test results. D. Inquire about the date when the results will be released. 6. A. He set fire to the building. B. He parked his car beside the building. C. He was trying to clear the road with the help of some other people. D. He found out what was going on. 7. A. He’s going to the theatre. B. He’s just returned from a job interview. C. He’s just visited his tailor. D. He’s dressed up to have his photo taken. 8. A. Registering for courses. B. Studying engineering and art history. C. Buying literature books. D. Going to the registry office. 9. A. The Jenkins made a wise investment. B. It is not sensible to make such an investment. C. The Jenkins should buy the stocks later. D. It is essential that the Jenkins should move out. 10. A. It is not a good timing to build it. B. It should have been built earlier. C. She is curious about this plan D. She doubts how long the plan will take. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on the passage and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. South Korean Women. B. American citizens. C. People in industrialized countries. D. People with economic improvements. 12. A. High premature deaths. B. Overweight citizens. C. A lack of public health care. D. A shortage in new medical technologies. 13. A. More facilities should be established. B. Additional pressure should be put on pensions. C. People should retire at an earlier age. D. People should be provided with more payments. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation. 14. A. Because of the security of the job. B. For a promotion to the Executive Director. C. To inspire the folks in the community. D. To enrich others and her own lives. 15. A. The speaker graduated in law and used to earn generous salaries. B. Spelman is a non-profit institute which turns out social workers. C. The audiences are regarded as beautiful because they all belong to Spelman. D. Public service is rewardng both in a spiritual and material sense. 16. A. Urging classmates to get involved in public service. B. Expressing gratitude to the audience for their volunteer work. C. Delivery a speech to the graduates from Spelman College. D. Illustrating how to help others as one climbs his career ladder. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. May 19th. B. May 20th. C. May 23rd. D. May 16th. 18. A. Three meals a day. B. Train fare. C. Competition entrance fee. D. Floor space. 19. A. The entrance fee is 16 euros this year. B. College basket teams abroad can enter for the game by phone. C. It is the 80th anniversary of the Tampere Student Game. D. The game will end with a ceremony in the last evening. 20. A. Students can enjoy a reduced rate during that period. B. All the basketball teams live in that hotel. C. It will provide three meals to the players living there. D. It is close to where all the matches are held. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the two passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A road trip Out of all possible road trips, the best one is by car. You finish packing, put everything inside the car, sit inside it, buckle up, look at your friend ___1___ (sit) next to you, smile and ... go! And then begins the most wonderful part of the road trip. It is not the place you are heading to but what you see from the opened window of the car ___2___ matters. The best part is when you leave your home before the dawn. Personally, ___3___ I look in the direction of the east, I am always amazed by how the sun informs the world about its arrival. I love to meet the sun while driving a road trip in a car. ___4___ (bring) alive in the new sunlight, everything looks promising. It always seems as if it was the first time in your life that you had seen a green leaflet, the trees, ___5___ grew right next to your car window, and a light smiling over the nature. Spring and autumn are two seasons of the year that are perfect for a road trip. In my opinion, spring is the most inspiring time of the year, ___6___ when you open the car windows, you can actually feel that the world is clean and ready for a new life. The green grass is so fresh that you can’t wait ___7___ (take) a deep breath. The air is filled with a fragrant smell of the plants. A road trip in autumn is beautiful, too. The golden brush touches ___8___ around the gardens, the fields, the groves, the woods. In deep autumn, the whole earth ___9___ (cover) by colorful plants as if you were driving through a fine carpet. The air is sharp, cool and fresh. You simply put on a warmer sweater but never put the window up! A road trip for me is the moment of communication with nature. It is a dialogue ___10___ the nature and me. The beauty that you observe during a car road trip purifies you, refreshing your soul and your mind! 【答案】1. sitting 2. that 3. when 4. Brought 5. which 6. because 7. to take 8. up 9. is covered 10. between 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了自驾游的美好。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你收拾好行李，把所有东西都放进车里，坐进去，系好安全带，看着坐在你旁边的朋友，微笑着……出发吧!分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词look at，所以sit应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是friend，两者是主动关系，此处应该用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填sitting。 【2题详解】 考查强调句。句意：重要的不是你要去的地方，而是你从打开的车窗看到的东西。分析句子结构可知，此处是it is/was+ 被强调的部分 ＋that的强调句。故填that。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句连接词。句意：就我个人而言，当我朝东方的方向望去时，我总是惊讶于太阳是如何通知世界它的到来的。根据句意可知，此处表达“当...时”之意，应该用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在新的阳光下，一切都充满了希望。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词looks，所以bring应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是everything，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动，又位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Brought。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：好像你一生中第一次看到绿色的嫩叶，那些树，就长在你的车窗旁边，还有一束向大自然微笑的光。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是trees，指物，应该用which引导。故填which。 【6题详解】 考查状语从句连接词。句意：在我看来，春天是一年中最鼓舞人心的时候，因为当你打开车窗，你可以真正感受到世界是干净的，为新生活做好了准备。根据句意可知，“when you open the car windows, you can actually feel that the world is clean and ready for a new life.”是在对前句进行解释，所以应该是because引导的原因状语从句。故填because。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：青草是那么的新鲜，你都等不及要深吸一口气了。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：can’t wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”。故填to take。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：金色的画笔点缀着花园、田野、小树林和树林。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语搭配：touch up意为“润色”。故填up。 【9题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：在深秋，整个大地都被五颜六色的植物覆盖着，就好像你正开车经过一张精美的地毯。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以cover做本句谓语，主语是earth，为第三人称单数，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is covered。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：这是我与自然的对话。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：between...and...意为“在…之间”。故填between。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. amused B. common C. complete D. disconnecting E. means F. mission G. perform H. positive I. prepared J. spreading K. struggle The world of live action role-playing For many people, the days of playing make-believe (假扮) ended in childhood. But for some, the game of make-believe lives on in Live Action Role-Playing, or LARP. This is a game where people act out characters in a(n) ____11____ plot. A gamemaster creates the plot and then puts together an event where people ____12____ the story. Those who find a particular plot interesting sign up for the event. Then the gamemaster, or the players themselves, make up their characters for the story. At the event, each person comes in costume and behaves as their character. Although pretty much anything goes in LARP, nearly every event involves players completing a(n) ____13____ together. A gamemaster writes a goal into the plot and usually prepares challenges for the players. For example, a character may hold up the mission, making it hard to ____14____ the goal. LARP events can be as long as the gamemasters want them to be. They can last anywhere from a few hours to several days. The genius of LARP is that each event can be any kind of story. The most ____15____ ones come from fantasy, historical, horror or science fiction genres (体裁). With such a variety of story types, LARP attracts all kinds of people. Some players enjoy LARP as a(n) ____16____ to practice creating or costume-making. Other players enjoy the challenge of slipping into different worlds and using their brains to solve puzzles. There are also those who simply want to have fun and make friends. One ____17____ LARP players have is coming out of their LARP experiences and returning to the real world. This is especially common after a long event. Most players experience a “bleed,” which describes parts of their LARP experience ____18____ into their everyday life. Since all the senses — seeing, hearing, touching, smelling and tasting — are at work, ____19____ becomes difficult. However, researchers agree that the overall effects of LARP are ______20______. People of different backgrounds come together to grow their skills, play and express creativity. 【答案】11. I 12. G 13. F 14. C 15. B 16. E 17. K 18. J 19. D 20. H 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了真人角色扮演的游戏世界的玩法、取材、效果，以及研究人员对这种游戏的看法。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是一款游戏，人们在事先准备好的情节中扮演角色。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰名词plot，根据上文“A gamemaster creates the plot and then puts together an event”可知，此处指准备好的情节，形容词prepared符合语境。故选I项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：游戏管理员创造情节，然后组织事件，让人们执行故事。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句的谓语部分，根据下文“Those who find a particular plot interesting sign up for the event. Then the gamemaster, or the players themselves, make up their characters for the story.”可知，此处指让人们执行故事，动词perform符合语境，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选G项。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：虽然在LARP中几乎所有的事情都发生了，但几乎每个事件都需要玩家一起完成任务。分析句子可知，空格处为动词completing的宾语，应用名词mission，根据下文“For example, a character may hold up the mission”可知，此处指一起完成任务，mission符合语境，空前有不定冠词，应用名词单数形式。故选F项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：例如，一个角色可能会拖延任务，使其难以完成目标。分析句子可知，it是形式宾语，空格处和前面to的构成不定式，充当真正宾语，根据上文“a character may hold up the mission”可知，此处指一个角色可能会拖延任务，使其难以完成目标，动词complete符合语境。故选C项。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最常见的是幻想、历史、恐怖或科幻小说。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰代词ones，根据上文“The genius of LARP is that each event can be any kind of story. ”及下文“come from fantasy, historical, horror or science fiction genres (体裁).”可知，此处指最常见的故事，形容词common符合语境。故选B项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：一些玩家喜欢把LARP作为练习创作或服装制作的一种方式。分析句子可知，空格处为是介词as的宾语，需要的意思是“方式”，means符合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：LARP玩家面临的一个难题是如何走出LARP体验，回到现实世界。分析句子可知，空格处为名词作主语，根据下文“coming out of their LARP experiences and returning to the real world. This is especially common after a long event. Most players experience a “bleed,””可知，此处指LARP玩家面临的一个难题，名词struggle符合语境。故选K 项。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数玩家都会经历“流血”，这描述了他们LARP体验渗透到日常生活中的部分内容。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语，修饰名词experience，意为“LARP体验渗透到日常生活中的部分内容”，spreading符合语境，属于现在分词作定语。故选J项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：因为所有的感官——视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉——都在工作，断开连接变得很困难。分析句子可知，空格处为句子主语，根据上文“Most players experience a “bleed,” which describes parts of their LARP experience ____8____ into their everyday life. Since all the senses — seeing, hearing, touching, smelling and tasting — are at work”可知，玩家的LARP体验渗透到日常生活中的部分内容，断开连接变得很困难。名词disconnecting符合语境。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，研究人员一致认为LARP的总体效果是积极的。分析句子可知，空格处为句子表语，结合上文“Most players experience a “bleed,” which describes parts of their LARP experience __8___ into their everyday life. Since all the senses — seeing, hearing, touching, smelling and tasting — are at work, __9____becomes difficult”可知，此处表示转折，需要的意思是“积极的”，形容词positive符合语境。故选H项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. serve B. shape C. sharing D. released E. spread F. willingly G. questioned H. separately I. practice J. preparing K.creating Communal Eating? In China, communal eating (合餐共食) is considered very important for forming a close relationship. In the memories of most Chinese, one of the happiest moments in their lives was seated around a table with families or friends, ____21____ dishes and chatting over wine. In the campaign against the COVID-19 outbreak, this dining tradition has been greatly ____22____. Since each diner picks food out of the communal plates on a bite-by-bite basis with their chopsticks, the virus can be transferred from saliva (唾液) to chopsticks to the dish. What’s worse, diners often ____23____ others with their own utensils, such as chopsticks or spoons, to express friendliness and care. Several cases of coronavirus are thought to have ____24____ through families when sharing food during the Chinese New Year period. Communal eating has thus become a target of both governments and restaurants. Posters have been ____25____ by local governments to encourage people to use serving utensils. Concerned about customers being very careful about returning to restaurants, the catering industry (餐饮业) has ____26____ joined the campaign. For example, many restaurants, once allowed to reopen, have immediately sprung into action, particularly offering set meals for one single person. These changes are likely to continue and could be encouraged by local regulations, as eating together ____27____ can always protect the public health. The measures will ____28____ the traditional mealtime manners. The move away from a traditional cultural ____29____ is ongoing. But as an expert said, “In modern times to eat individually may lose some tradition, but it can also mean more opportunities for ______30______ something new in Chinese food and eating habits.” 【答案】21. C 22. G 23. A 24. E 25. D 26. F 27. H 28. B 29. I 30. K 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球新冠疫情的大背景下，中国传统的合餐制受到挑战和质疑。为了保护公众的健康，政府和餐饮业大力倡导分餐制，这也意味着有更多的机会创造新的中式菜肴和用餐习惯。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：在大多数中国人的记忆中，他们生活中最快乐的时刻之一是与家人或朋友围坐在桌旁，共享饭菜，把酒聊天。分析句子可知，空格处词与and之后的chatting over wine为并列成分，在句中作伴随状语，应用现在分词，sharing“分享”为动词，符合句意。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：在抗击新冠肺炎疫情的运动中，这一饮食传统受到广泛质疑。分析句子结构及句意可知，空格处为句中的谓语动词，与前面的has been构成被动语态，表“（饮食传统）受到质疑”，questioned“质疑”为动词，符合句意。故选G项。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：更糟糕的是，用餐者经常用自己的器具为别人夹菜，如筷子或勺子，以表达友好和关心。分析句子可知，空格处为句中的谓语动词，使用一般现在时，表述特定习俗，serve“上菜”为动词，符合句意。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一些冠状病毒病例被认为是在中国农历新年期间，因家庭聚餐而传播扩散的。分析空格前的to have可知，空格处为句中不定式的完成式，应使用动词过去分词形式，spread“传播；蔓延”为动词，符合句意。故选E项。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：当地政府一直发布公益广告，鼓励人们使用公筷公勺。分析句子结构，并结合句意可知，空格处为句中的谓语动词，与前面的has been构成被动语态，表“（大幅广告）被发布”，released“公布；发行”为动词，符合句意。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意：考虑到顾客对在餐厅堂食心存顾虑，餐饮业欣然地加入到这场运动中来。分析句子可知，空格处应为谓语动词has joined的修饰成分，副词willingly，意为“欣然地；心甘情愿地”，作状语，符合句意。故选F项。 【27题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些变化很可能会持续下去，并可能受到当地法规的鼓励，因为分开用餐总是可以保护公众健康。分析句子可知，空格处应为动名词eating的修饰成分，副词separately，此处意为“分开用餐”，作状语，符合句意。故选H项。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些措施将影响传统的用餐方式。分析句子可知，空格处为句中的谓语动词，与前面的助动词will构成一般将来时，shape“塑造；影响”为动词，符合句意。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国社会正在逐渐远离合餐制的传统文化习俗。根据空格前cultural可知，空格处应填名词，作from的宾语，practice“习俗；习惯”为名词，符合句意。故选I项。 【30题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现代生活中的分餐制可能会使我们丢掉一些传统，但这也意味着有更多的机会创造新的中式菜肴和用餐习惯。分析空格前的for可知，空格处为句中非谓语动词作宾语，应使用动名词形式，creating“创造”为动词，符合句意。故选K项。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Crazy But Perfect Way to Make Friends When I was teaching indoor cycling every week, an unexpected benefit of the job was free ice cream. One of the class ____31____ had an ice cream machine at home and sometimes brought samples for me to try, in ____32____ such as pumpkin and strawberry. I think he did this not only because he was a nice person but also because in class, I was the nicest version of myself: warm, welcoming, and encouraging, ____33____ my usual critical tendency. I noticed this friendliness in others, too. Two people who met in my class started dating. Strangers who became friends there went out for post-workout coffees. Two of the other class invited me to go skiing with them. Many of the good friends I have at age 35 are people I met in exercise classes I attended regularly. These experiences have ____34____ me that group fitness classes are the best place to make friends as an adult—an idea supported by research that suggests the feel-good chemicals of exercise have interpersonal ____35____. Once, countless friendship were born in what the sociologist Oldenburg called “third places” physical places that aren’t a home or ____36____, don’t charge much for entry, and exist in large part to ____37____ conversation. Over the past several decades, especially as a result of the pandemic, third places such as bars and cafes have begun playing a much smaller role in social life, depriving American adults of the opportunities for encounters that can lead to friendship. Perhaps that’s partly why Americans rank ____38____ relationships among their top New Year’s wishes. Group fitness classes don’t exactly fit the definition of a third place. They cost money, and ____39____ activities within them are sweating, complaining, and skipping a few motions when the instructor isn’t looking. ____40____ they fulfill many conditions that sociopsychology research has shown to help form meaningful ____41____ between strangers: proximity (being in the same place), ritual (at the same time, over and over), and shared experiences or interest (because you do and like the same things). Trying hard to ____42____ shared interests can be horribly awkward when you meet someone new at work or even at a party. Group fitness classes make it a little easier, Stephanie Goldberg, an athlete psychotherapist in New York, told me. “____43____, when you walk into a fitness class, you are likely to share the idea that we like to exercise or we like to do this particular kind of exercise”, she said, “It can start conversations differently, compared with standing in a bar or at someone’s house.” Of course, ____44____ still requires someone to say something, which, if you are sweaty and panting, could be put off a bit. Whether I’m an instructor or a classmate, one simple ____45____ has never failed me: I simply walk up to someone after class and say, “hey, good job.” 31. A. concepts B. alternatives C. regulars D. comedians 32. A. flavors B. ingredients C. goods D. styles 33. A. because of B. in spite of C. in addition to D. apart from 34. A. convinced B. frustrated C. established D. permitted 35. A. factors B. issues C. attempts D. benefits 36. A. base B. workplace C. habitat D. castle 37. A. foster B. survive C. load D. filter 38. A. settling B. quitting C. improving D. adapting 39. A. main B. intense C. definite D. spontaneous 40. A. But B. So C. And D. Though 41. A. regards B. chores C. connections D. structures 42. A. put aside B. find out C. hang on D. check out 43. A. Currently B. Automatically C. Incredibly D. Slightly 44. A. breaking the ice B. seeking out C. cheering up D. popping up 45. A. appointment B. origin C. strategy D. judgement 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是团体健身课作为成年人交友的最佳场所之一的原因。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：班里的一位常客家里有一台冰淇淋机，有时会带一些南瓜和草莓口味的样品给我品尝。A. concepts概念；B. alternatives可供选择的事物；C. regulars常客；D. comedians喜剧演员。根据上文“When I was teaching indoor cycling every week”可知，班里一位常来的人家里有冰淇淋机。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：班里的一位常客家里有一台冰淇淋机，有时会带一些南瓜和草莓口味的样品给我品尝。A. flavors风味；B. ingredients成分；C. goods货物；D. styles风格。根据下文“such as pumpkin and strawberry”可知，南瓜和草莓是冰淇淋的风味。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：我认为他不仅是因为人好才这么做，还因为在课堂上，我展现出了自己最友善的一面：热情、好客、鼓励，尽管我通常是个爱挑剔的人。A. because of因为；B. in spite of尽管；C. in addition to除了……之外；D. apart from除了。根据上文“warm, welcoming, and encouraging”和下文“my usual critical tendency”可知，此处表示作者觉得自己热情、好客、鼓励，尽管通常是个爱挑剔的人。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些经历让我相信，团体健身课程是成年人交朋友的最佳场所——这一观点得到了研究的支持，该研究表明，锻炼产生的让人感觉良好的化学物质对人际关系有好处。A. convinced使相信；B. frustrated使受挫；C. established建立；D. permitted允许。根据下文“that group fitness classes are the best place to make friends as an adult”可知，这些经历让作者相信团体健身课程是成年人交朋友的最佳场所。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些经历让我相信，团体健身课程是成年人交朋友的最佳场所——这一观点得到了研究的支持，该研究表明，锻炼产生的让人感觉良好的化学物质对人际关系有好处。A. factors因素；B. issues问题；C. attempts尝试；D. benefits利益，好处。根据上文“group fitness classes are the best place to make friends as an adult”可知，锻炼产生的让人感觉良好的化学物质对人际关系有好处。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经，无数的友谊诞生于社会学家奥尔登伯格所说的“第三场所”，即既不是家也不是工作场所的物理场所，不收取太多的入门费，在很大程度上是为了促进对话而存在。A. base基地；B. workplace工作场所；C. habitat栖息地；D. castle城堡。根据上文““third places” physical places that aren’t a home or”可知，“第三场所”既不是家也不是工作场所。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经，无数的友谊诞生于社会学家奥尔登伯格所说的“第三场所”，即既不是家也不是工作场所的物理场所，不收取太多的入门费，在很大程度上是为了促进对话而存在。A. foster促进，培养；B. survive幸存；C. load装上，装进；D. filter过滤。根据上一段“group fitness classes are the best place to make friends as an adult”可知，人们在“第三场所”交朋友，交朋友少不了要对话，因此空格处是“促进”。故选A。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这就是为什么美国人把改善人际关系列为新年愿望之首的部分原因。A. settling定居；B. quitting退出；C. improving改善；D. adapting适应。根据上文“depriving American adults of the opportunities for encounters that can lead to friendship”可知，因为疫情，美国人被剥夺了建立友谊的机会，所以他们把改善人际关系列为新年愿望之首。故选C。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们需要花钱，主要活动是出汗、抱怨，以及在教练不注意的时候跳过几个动作。A. main主要的；B. intense十分强烈的；C. definite肯定的，一定的；D. spontaneous自发的。根据下文“activities within them are sweating, complaining, and skipping a few motions when the instructor isn’t looking”可知，团体健身课的主要活动是出汗、抱怨，以及在教练不注意的时候跳过几个动作。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但社会心理学研究表明，它们满足了许多有助于在陌生人之间形成有意义的联系的条件：接近（在同一个地方），仪式（在同一时间，反复地），共同的经历或兴趣（因为你们做和喜欢同样的事情）。A. But但是；B. So因此；C. And和；D. Though虽然。根据上文“Group fitness classes don’t exactly fit the definition of a third place”和下文“they fulfill many conditions”可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，因此空格处用but表示转折。故选A。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但社会心理学研究表明，它们满足了许多有助于在陌生人之间形成有意义的联系的条件：接近（在同一个地方），仪式（在同一时间，反复地），共同的经历或兴趣（因为你们做和喜欢同样的事情）。A. regards尊重；B. chores家务；C. connections联系；D. structures结构。根据下文“between strangers: proximity (being in the same place), ritual (at the same time, over and over), and shared experiences or interest (because you do and like the same things)”可知，此处是指在陌生人之间形成联系。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你在工作或聚会上遇到新朋友时，努力寻找共同的兴趣可能会非常尴尬。A. put aside暂时搁置，不考虑；B. find out寻找，发现；C. hang on稍等，别挂断；D. check out退房。根据下文“shared interests can be horribly awkward when you meet someone new at work or even at a party”可知，在工作或聚会上遇到新朋友时，要发现共同的兴趣是令人尴尬的。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说：“当你走进健身课时，你很可能会自然而然地认为我们喜欢锻炼，或者我们喜欢做这种特殊的锻炼。与站在酒吧或别人家里相比，这可以以不同的方式开始谈话。”A. Currently现时，当前；B. Automatically自然地；C. Incredibly难以置信地；D. Slightly稍微。根据下文“when you walk into a fitness class, you are likely to share the idea that we like to exercise or we like to do this particular kind of exercise”可知，当你走进健身课时，你很可能会自然而然地认为我们喜欢锻炼。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，打破僵局仍然需要有人说点什么，如果你汗流浃背，气喘吁吁，这可能会推迟一点。A. breaking the ice打破僵局；B. seeking out找出；C. cheering up使高兴起来；D. popping up突然出现。根据上文“It can start conversations differently, compared with standing in a bar or at someone’s house”和下文“requires someone to say something”可知，打破僵局需要有人说点什么。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我是老师还是同学，有一个简单的策略从来没有让我失望过：课后我就走到别人面前说：“嘿，干得好。”A. appointment约会；B. origin起源；C. strategy策略；D. judgement判断力。根据下文“I simply walk up to someone after class and say, “hey, good job.””可知，冒号后的内容是作者用的策略。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) A short period of sleep taken during the day is known as a nap. Naps don’t just have benefits for adults at work, though. They could also help pupils to make the most of their school day. Studies have shown that a 20 to 30-minute “beauty sleep” makes people more alert and focused. This improves people’s ability to remember new information, which would help school children concentrate during lessons. Experts say that napping also improves brain functions, such as memory and the ability to complete difficult tasks. The school day starts early, which means that pupils don’t always get enough sleep because there’s no chance to have a lie-in. Adding naptime during the school day would help exhausted pupils to make up for any sleep they’ve lost from getting up so early. There are long-term benefits to taking a short nap, too. According to a recent study from University College London, the brains of people who have regular naps are bigger than those who don’t. People’s brains naturally shrink when they grow old, and the results showed that little sleeps can help people’s brains to age more slowly. Although a nap can seem like a good idea, going to sleep for too long can actually make you feel worse. It’s not very pleasant to wake up from a daytime nap feeling confused and sleepy. Napping during the day can also have a negative impact on how well you sleep at night. This can create a cycle of not being able to sleep as well at night, leaving you feeling even more tired in the daytime. Sleep expert Dr Clete Kushida said, “It’s generally recommended to maximize sleep at night.” Another consideration is that there really isn’t time in the school day for pupils to go to sleep. Some parents and teachers are concerned that it would cause children to miss too much lesson time. Pupils might take advantage of the system and use their need for a nap as an excuse to get out of lessons. So, what do you think? Should school allow kids to have naps, or should you wait until the evening to catch up on your sleep? 46. It can be inferred from the passage that ________. A. children need more naps than adults do B. naps improve memory, efficiency and beauty C. both children and adults are equally in need of naps D. naps can bring more benefits to children than to adults 47. According to the passage, napping for too long is not advisable because ________. A. it may affect a healthier cycle of sleep B. school kids will feel too sleepy to wake up C. it can’t make up for the sleep lost from waking up early D. it extends the school day for kids to have enough lessons 48. Which of the following statements can be learned about taking naps according to the passage? A. It’s better for babies to have as many daytime naps as possible. B. Regular naps can slow the rate at which brains shrink with age. C. There’s no need to guarantee night sleep if one has regular naps. D. Different from teachers, parents want their kids to have naptimes. 49. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Should Schools Have Naptimes? B. How Could Naptimes Benefit Kids? C. Are Kids Losing Too Much Sleep? D. Do You Get Enough Daytime Sleep? 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，午睡可以提高人们记忆新信息的能力，这将有助于学生在课堂上集中注意力，且有长期的好处，但不建议午睡太久，因为会影响更健康的睡眠周期。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Naps don’t just have benefits for adults at work, though. They could also help pupils to make the most of their school day.(不过，午睡不仅仅对工作中的成年人有好处。它们还可以帮助学生充分利用他们的上学时间)”可推知，儿童和成人都同样需要午睡。故选C。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Although a nap can seem like a good idea, going to sleep for too long can actually make you feel worse. It’s not very pleasant to wake up from a daytime nap feeling confused and sleepy. Napping during the day can also have a negative impact on how well you sleep at night. This can create a cycle of not being able to sleep as well at night, leaving you feeling even more tired in the daytime.(虽然打个盹似乎是个好主意，但睡太久实际上会让你感觉更糟。从白天的小睡中醒来感到困惑和困倦并不是很愉快。白天打盹也会对你晚上的睡眠质量产生负面影响。这会造成一个晚上睡不着的循环，让你在白天感觉更累)”可知，午睡太久是不可取的，因为可能会影响更健康的睡眠周期。故选A。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“People’s brains naturally shrink when they grow old, and the results showed that little sleeps can help people’s brains to age more slowly.(随着年龄的增长，人的大脑会自然萎缩，研究结果表明，午睡可以帮助人们的大脑更慢地衰老)”可知，规律的午睡可以减缓大脑随着年龄增长而萎缩的速度。故选B。 【49题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So, what do you think? Should school allow kids to have naps, or should you wait until the evening to catch up on your sleep?(那么，你觉得呢？学校应该允许孩子们午睡，还是应该等到晚上再补觉？)”结合文章主要说明了研究表明，午睡可以提高人们记忆新信息的能力，这将有助于学生在课堂上集中注意力，且有长期的好处，但不建议午睡太久，因为会影响更健康的睡眠周期。可知，A选项“学校应该有午睡时间吗？”最符合文章标题。故选A。 (B) Packing lists will vary based on where you’ re going and how long you’ re traveling, but the best travel accessories (配件) can improve every trip. Taking the right things means a smoother journey, every time. Below, we’ve rounded up some accessories to pack. Discover the best travel accessories: •A trusted tote •A travel toiletry bag •A tray table cover •A portable steamer •A tech kit •A power adapter •… (to discover more, click here) A trusted tote A tote is the perfect personal bag during a flight — it’s roomy enough to store all your bits and pieces, and is usually pretty pliable, meaning you can press it under the seat without taking up all the room for your feet. It’s also easy to carry while you’ re rushing through the airport. A travel toiletry bag It is key to keeping your belongings organized. We all like those with their good space for toothbrush, soaps and other necessary things in bathrooms. No matter where you’ re headed, and who you’ re traveling with, you should certainly choose a hanging toiletry bag that allows you to keep things tidy and off the bathroom table. A tray table cover This has become one of the most popular in-flight travel necessities. It covers the surface — so you can eat and work off of it without worrying that the surface might not be clean enough. Another advantage: it has four pockets to store must-haves like your passport, phone, etc. A portable steamer If you’ re traveling to a wedding or heading out on a business trip, you may want a steamer to make your formal wear look its best after you take it out of your bag. A portable steamer can get the job done and at the same time it’s light and small and easy to pack. A tech kit Like every traveler, you have plenty of tools that need charging (充电). Save space in your bag — and save yourself the headache of digging through your bag — by keeping relevant things in place in a tech kit. A power adapter For international travel, a power adapter is a must to get your smart phone, among other things, charged up at the airport or in your hotel room. 50. Which of the following is a travel toiletry bag? A. B. C. D. 51. If your father travels from Shanghai to Beijing for a business meeting by train, which of the following will the writer probably suggest him taking? A. A power adapter. B. A trusted tote. C. A tray table cover. D. A portable steamer. 52. The passage is written to ________. A. show strengths of travelling necessities B. advertise useful items for a trip C. share practical travelling accessories D. discuss how to pack for a trip 【答案】50. B 51. D 52. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些旅行中可能需要的物品。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据A travel toiletry bag部分中“It is key to keeping your belongings organized. We all like those with their good space for toothbrush, soaps and other necessary things in bathrooms. No matter where you’ re headed, and who you’ re traveling with, you should certainly choose a hanging toiletry bag that allows you to keep things tidy and off the bathroom table.(这是让你的物品井然有序的关键。我们都喜欢在浴室里有足够的空间放牙刷、肥皂和其他必需品。不管你要去哪里，也不管你和谁一起旅行，你都应该选择一个可以悬挂的洗漱包，这样你就可以保持东西整洁，远离浴室的桌子)”可知，一个旅行洗漱包可以让物品井然有序，并且可以悬挂，B选项图片最符合。故选B。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据A portable steamer部分中“If you’ re traveling to a wedding or heading out on a business trip, you may want a steamer to make your formal wear look its best after you take it out of your bag.(如果你要去参加婚礼或出差，你可能需要一个熨斗，让你的正装从包里拿出来后看起来最好)”可知，如果你的父亲乘火车从上海到北京参加一个商务会议，作者可能会建议他带上便携式熨斗。故选D。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Packing lists will vary based on where you’ re going and how long you’ re traveling, but the best travel accessories (配件) can improve every trip. Taking the right things means a smoother journey, every time. Below, we’ve rounded up some accessories to pack.(行李清单会根据你要去的地方和旅行的时间而有所不同，但最好的旅行用品可以让你的每一次旅行都变得更好。每次选择正确的东西都意味着更顺畅的旅程。下面，我们收集了一些需要打包的配件)”结合文章主要介绍了一些旅行中可能需要的物品。可知，这篇文章是为了宣传旅行中有用的物品而写的。故选B。 (C) Riding the bus to school could be keeping some kids out of class. Most school buses run on fuel. Those buses send out pollution, including tiny particles and gases. Bus riders get exposed to high levels of this pollution. When breathed in, it can lead to breathing problems, such as asthma (哮喘), which may keep kids home from school. But replacing the worst-polluting buses should cut down on student absences, a new study shows. The study focused on schools that were asked to take part in a U. S. government program. The program offered schools cash back for money spent on cleaner school buses. The 2, 816 school districts in the new study all asked for the money. But not all got it. Only 383 were picked to receive funding. Winning districts could buy new buses and desert old ones. The program started in 2012. From 2012 to 2017, the winning districts very likely had less bus pollution. And a year after getting new buses, student attendance had improved in those districts. For an average district of 10, 000 students, about six more students attended school each day in the winning districts. Districts that replaced the oldest buses had an average of 45 more students in school each day. Those numbers may sound small, but they can add up, says Meredith Pedde, an environmental epidemiologist (流行病学家). Almost 3 million U. S. kids ride school buses more than 20 years old, her team figures. Replacing all of those old buses could mean 1.3 million fewer student absences each year, the data suggest. And school attendance matters for student achievement. Now the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a new program for school buses. It’s offering $5 billion through 2026 to replace old fuel buses with cleaner ones. Almost all U. S. school districts can apply for the new rebates. But schools in low-income areas and in rural areas will get priority. Kids in these areas tend to face the most health risks from old buses, EPA notes. And anything that cuts air pollution, Pedde says, should improve student health. 53. What is the primary reason why riding the bus to school might lead to student absences? A. Serious fuel shortage for school buses. B. Lack of available seats on school buses. C. High risk of disease spreading in a bus. D. High levels of pollution from school buses. 54. What does Meredith Pedde suggest about the impact of replacing old buses? A. It increases health risks for students. B. It is a costly and ineffective measure. C. It helps to improve student attendances. D. It has no significant effect on absences. 55. What does the underline word “rebates” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to? A. Financial aids. B. School posts. C. Health benefits. D. Public resources. 56. What is the purpose of the text? A. To describe the potential risk of school buses. B. To talk about the use of cleaner school buses. C. To discuss the importance of decreasing absence. D. To call on the government to improve school buses. 【答案】53. D 54. C 55. A 56. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了燃油校车因为污染问题，影响学生的健康，从而降低去学校的出勤率。但一项新的研究表明，更换污染最严重的校车应该会减少学生的缺勤。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Bus riders get exposed to high levels of this pollution. When breathed in, it can lead to breathing problems, such as asthma (哮喘), which may keep kids home from school. (校车乘客暴露在高水平的这种污染中。当被吸入时，它会导致呼吸问题，比如哮喘，这可能会让孩子们不能上学)”可知，坐校车上学可能导致学生缺课的主要原因是这些校车污染严重，会引发孩子的健康问题。故选D。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Replacing all of those old buses could mean 1.3 million fewer student absences each year, the data suggest. And school attendance matters for student achievement. (更换所有这些旧校车可能意味着每年减少130万学生缺课。出勤率对学生的成绩很重要)”可知，Meredith Pedd认为更换旧校车可提高学生的出勤率。故选C。 【55题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词前“It’s offering $5 billion through 2026 to replace old fuel buses with cleaner ones. (到2026年，政府将提供50亿美元用更清洁的公交车取代旧的燃油公交车)”后“But schools in low-income areas and in rural areas will get priority. (但低收入地区和农村地区的学校将得到优先考虑)”可知，划线词rebates和“钱”相关，所以指的是Financial aids。故选A。 【56题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了更清洁的校车取代旧的燃油校车，去改善学生健康，提高学校出勤率。由此推知，这篇文章的目的是谈论使用更清洁的校车。故选B。 Section C Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read. Group Intelligence Being smart doesn’t matter much if you’re working in a group, according to the first study to calculate collective intelligence—a group’s ability to succeed at a variety of tasks. Surprisingly, in a team an individual’s intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources, a set of recent experiments found. ____57____ That also explains why groups with more women — who score higher on tests of social sensitivity — were more likely to stand out, said study leader Anita Williams Woolley, an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Particularly intelligent groups also had more people who took turns speaking, according to the study, published in the journal Science. To test the conclusion, Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person’s intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests. ____58____ The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks, which is the “primary evidence for collective intelligence,” Woolley said. ____59____ As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said. ____60____— especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings, she said. For instance, knowing a group’s collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business. A. There’s such a focus on individual intelligence and individual accomplishment. B. To sum up, this ability to predict group success may offer guidance in real-life situations. C. Instead, a group is more successful if it contains people who can read emotions from people’s faces. D. Group intelligence may also be rooted in the past. E. The volunteers were then split into groups of two to five and asked to do some simple tasks. F. Next, the groups were each asked to perform more complex tasks. 【答案】57. C 58. E 59. F 60. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了集体智慧的重要性，指出在团队中个人智力对任务成功影响不大，关键在于成员的社会敏感性和轮流发言。 【57题详解】 上文“Surprisingly, in a team an individual’s intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources, a set of recent experiments found.(令人惊讶的是，最近的一系列实验发现，在团队中，个人的智力与基于思维的任务的成功没有太大关系，比如视觉谜题和有限资源的谈判)”说明在团队中，个人的智力与基于思维的任务的成功没有太大关系。下文“That also explains why groups with more women—who score higher on tests of social sensitivity — were more likely to stand out, said study leader Anita Williams Woolley, an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.(这也解释了为何女性成员较多的团队——她们在社交敏感性测试中得分更高——更有可能脱颖而出，该研究的负责人、匹兹堡卡内基梅隆大学集体智慧专家安妮塔·威廉姆斯·伍利说道)”说明社会敏感度（读懂情绪）很重要。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明什么因素与任务成功有关，并引出下文。所以C项“相反，如果一个团队中有能够从人们的脸上读出情绪的人，那么这个团队会更成功”符合语境，该项中的 “Instead”承接上文的否定，“read emotions”呼应下文的“social sensitivity”。故填C。 【58题详解】 上文“To test the conclusion, Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person’s intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests.(为了验证这一结论，伍利和同事招募了699名志愿者，并首先使用标准心理测试来测量每个人的智力和社会敏感性)”说明伍利和同事招募了志愿者，并测量了他们的智力和社会敏感性。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明接下来做了什么。所以E项“然后，志愿者被分成2到5人一组，并被要求做一些简单的任务”符合语境，该中的“The volunteers”指代上文中的“699 volunteers”，then承接上文的first，且“simple tasks”为下文得出结论提供了依据。故填E。 【59题详解】 上文“The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks, which is the “primary evidence for collective intelligence,” Woolley said.(结果显示，某些群体在所有类型的任务上都表现得更好，这是“集体智慧的主要证据”，伍利说)”说明某些群体在所有类型的任务上都表现得更好，这是集体智慧的主要证据。下文“As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said.(正如所猜测的那样，伍利说，各组在第一轮测试中的集体智慧得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现)”说明各组在第一轮测试中的集体智慧得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现。空处和上下文为顺接关系，说明接下来做了什么。所以F项“接下来，每个小组都被要求执行更复杂的任务”符合语境，该项中的“Next”表示顺序，“more complex tasks”直接对应下文的 “complex experiments”。故填F。 【60题详解】 上文“As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said.(正如所猜测的那样，伍利说，各组在第一轮测试中的集体智慧得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现)”说明各组在第一轮测试中的集体智慧得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现。下文“especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings, she said. For instance, knowing a group’s collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.(特别是在商业和军事等领域，越来越多的决策是在基于讨论的环境中做出的，她说。例如，了解一个团队的集体智慧在创业等情况下可能至关重要)”说明了解一个团队的集体智慧在创业等情况下可能至关重要。空处和上下文为顺接关系，说明预测团队成功的能力的重要性。所以B项“总之，这种预测团队成功的能力可能为现实生活中的情况提供指导”符合语境，该项中“To sum up”表示总结，“real-life situations”引出下文的“business and the military”等具体场景。故填B。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 参加体育活动很有可能会缓解精神压力。(likely) （汉译英） 【答案】Doing physical exercise is likely to relieve/ease mental pressure. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“参加体育活动”为do physical exercise，在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，即doing physical exercise，“很有可能做某事”为固定搭配be likely to do，动名词作主语，看成第三人称单数，be动词应用is，“缓解”为动词relieve/ease，“精神压力”为mental pressure，作宾语，故整句翻译为Doing physical exercise is likely to relieve/ease mental pressure.。 62. 他决定无视网上那些不相干的评论，只专注于手头上的任务。(ignore) (汉译英) 【答案】He decided to ignore the irrelevant comments on the Internet and to focus / focused on the task at hand only. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和介词短语。根据汉语提示可知，本句为一般过去时，决定做某事为decide to do sth，无视为ignore，后接the irrelevant comments作宾语，在网上为介词短语on the Internet。专注于为focus on ,后接the task作宾语 ，介词短语at hand作状语。故翻译为：He decided to ignore the irrelevant comments on the Internet and to focus / focused on the task at hand only. 63. 这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。(which)(汉译英) 【答案】There is an advanced library in this university, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space /This university has an advanced library, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space 【解析】 【详解】考查there be句型、定语从句和时态。根据汉语意思可知，主语是“这所大学”this university，谓语是“有”has，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语也用单数，宾语是“先进的图书馆”译为“an advanced library”；也可以用there be句型，“There is an advanced library in this university”，先行词是library，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，作主语，“提供”用动词offer，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词也用单数，宾语是“学生们”译为“students”，宾补是“一个舒适安静的学习空间”译为“a comfortable and quiet study space”，因此从句译为“which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space”，故翻译为There is an advanced library in this university, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space/This university has an advanced library, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space。 64. 这家动物园致力于保护濒危物种，它也是公认的动物教育基地，让游客在富有教育意义的环境中领略动物王国的物种多样性。(conservation, appreciate) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The zoo is committed to the conservation of endangered species and recognized as an animal education base, allowing visitors to appreciate the diversity of the animal kingdom in an educational setting. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配，非谓语和时态。根据所给中文句子，“这家动物园”作主语，译为“the zoo”，“致力于”可用固定搭配：be committed to，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，“保护”根据题干要求，用conservation，所以用固定搭配：the conservation of，“濒危物种”作宾语，译为“endangered species”，“它也是公认的”可用and连接的并列句，用固定搭配：be recognized as作并列谓语，前已有be动词，此处直接用过去分词即可，“动物教育基地”译为“an animal education base”，“让游客在富有教育意义的环境中领略动物王国的物种多样性”可用固定搭配：allow sb. to do sth.，allow和逻辑主语zoo之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作状语，“领略”用动词appreciate，“动物王国的物种多样性”译为“the diversity of the animal kingdom”，“在富有教育意义的环境中”译为“in an educational setting”。故译为：The zoo is committed to the conservation of endangered species and recognized as an animal education base, allowing visitors to appreciate the diversity of the animal kingdom in an educational setting. V. Guided Writing 65. Directions: Write an English paragraph in no less than 70 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生李明。你校拟为高一学生增设“唐诗英译(Translating Tang Poems into English)”社团，并就此征询学生意见。请写封邮件给负责人朱老师，在邮件的主体段落： 1)表明你是否会加入该社团； 2)陈述你的理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr. Zhu, I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to express my thoughts on the newly proposed “Translating Tang Poems into English” club for first-year students at Mingqi High School. As an avid reader of Tang poetry and someone who has always been fascinated by the art of translation, I would definitely consider joining this club. I believe that this opportunity would not only enhance my understanding of Chinese literature but also improve my English language skills, especially in the realm of literary translation. Moreover, I find the idea of bridging cultural gaps through translation incredibly appealing and think it would be a rewarding experience to share the beauty of Tang poems with others in a different language. Thank you for considering my feedback. I look forward to hearing more about the club’s development. Yours, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写封邮件给负责人朱老师，表明是否会加入“唐诗英译”社团以及陈述理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 加强：enhance→strengthen 机会：opportunity→chance 此外：moreover→besides 考虑：consider→take into account 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thank you for considering my feedback. 拓展句：I would appreciate it if you can consider my feedback. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I believe that this opportunity would not only enhance my understanding of Chinese literature but also improve my English language skills, especially in the realm of literary translation. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Thank you for considering my feedback. (运用了动名词作宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $