Unit 4 A good read 单元语法（疑问词+to do和must与have to）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期单元重难点易错题精练（新教材译林版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 4 A good read 疑问词+to do和must与have to的用法 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．Most experts think it is very important for children to learn ________ the housework. A．how do B．what to do C．how to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大多数专家认为，对于孩子们来说，学习如何做家务非常重要。 考查疑问词+动词不定式的用法。how do结构错误；what to do做什么；how to do如何做，根据“learn ... the housework”可知，此处表示学习如何做家务。故选C。 2．—I have no idea ________ to Lisa’s birthday party. —You can ask Mr. Cool for help. He knows a lot about tradition and color. A．how to go B．when to go C．what to wear D．what to eat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道穿什么去丽莎的生日派对。——你可以请教酷先生，他对传统和颜色懂得很多。 考查疑问词+不定式。根据答句“He knows a lot about tradition and color.”可知，回答的是关于穿着（颜色）的建议，因此问句应询问“穿什么”。故选C。 3．It’s very important for us to know _________ English well. A．how to study B．when to study C．what to study 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对我们来说，知道如何学好英语是非常重要的。 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。how to study如何学习；when to study什么时候学习；what to study学习什么。本句已有宾语English，无需再用what，根据“know…English well”可知，此处强调学习的方式，how to study符合语义。故选A。 4．Everyone should learn how ________ safe when there is a fire. A．keep B．keeps C．keeping D．to keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：每个人都应该学会如何在火灾发生时保持安全。 考查动词不定式的用法。keep保持；keeps保持，第三人称单数；keeping保持，现在分词；to keep保持，不定式。根据“learn how后接不定式（即how to do sth.）”的语法规则，表示“学会如何做某事”，此处应选不定式形式to keep。故选D。   5．—Have you decided ________ to the beach? —Not yet. It depends on the weather. A．whom to go B．where to go C．when to go D．why to go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你决定什么时候去海滩了吗？——还没有。这取决于天气。 考查疑问词加不定式的用法。whom to go和谁去；where to go去哪里；when to go什么时候去；why to go为什么去。答句It depends on the weather表明天气是影响去海滩时间的因素，因此应选择表示时间的when to go。故选C。 6．Students should learn how ________ problems. A．solve B．solving C．solved D．to solve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学生应该学习如何解决问题。 考查动词不定式的用法。solve解决，动词原形；solving解决，现在分词/动名词；solved解决，过去式/过去分词；to solve解决，动词不定式。根据“Students should learn how…problems.”可知，此处使用动词不定式，learn how to do something表示“学习如何做某事”。故选D。 7．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个数学题怎么样？——它太难了。我真的不知道如何解决它。 考查疑问词+不定式的用法。“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语时，需要注意疑问词的功能：how是方式副词，需与及物动词do的宾语搭配，即“how to do it（如何做这道题）”；what是代词，可直接作do的宾语，结构应为“what to do”，无需额外加it。故选A。 8．There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．which choose one C．which to choose one D．to choose which one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这两件毛衣没有区别，所以我真的不知道选哪一个。 考查疑问词+不定式的结构。根据“There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know...”可知，此处指不知道选哪一个，属于“疑问词+不定式”的固定语法结构，排除B和D；C项“which to choose one”语序错误，which to choose后不应直接加one，one放在which后，排除C。故选A。 9．—Could you tell me ________ to pay the bill? —Just use your phone to scan (扫描) the QR code. A．how B．what C．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我如何付账吗？——只需用你的手机扫描二维码。 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；what什么；where哪里。根据答语“Just use your phone to scan the QR code”可知，这是在描述付账单的具体方式（方法），因此需用how表示“如何做某事”。故选A。 10．My family will go for a picnic this Sunday, but we haven’t decided ________. A．why to go B．where to go C．what to do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的家人这个星期天要去野餐，但我们还没有决定去哪里。 考查疑问词+不定式。why to go为什么去；where to go去哪里；what to do做什么。根据“My family will go for a picnic this Sunday, but we haven’t decided”可知，是指家人将去野餐，但还没决定去哪里野餐。故选B。 11．Can you teach me ________ stir-fried potatoes? A．how to making B．how to make C．what to make 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能教我如何炒土豆丝吗？ 考查疑问词+不定式结构。根据“Can you teach me...stir-fried potatoes”可知，此处指教我如何做炒土豆丝，how符合语境，后跟不定式。故选B。 12．I think children should ________ read. A．teach how to B．be taught how C．be taught how to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为孩子们应该被教导如何阅读。 考查被动语态和疑问词+动词不定式。根据主语“children”与谓语“teach”为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+done”；how“怎样”，是特殊疑问词，后接动词时，应用动词不定式形式。故选C。 13．—I don’t know ________ to use this machine. —Don’t worry. Let me show you. A．what B．how C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何使用这台机器。——别担心。让我展示给你看。 考查疑问词辨析。what什么；how如何；which哪一个；where哪里。根据答语“Let me show you.”可知，此处表达不知道使用这台机器的方式，how符合。故选B。 14．—Can you tell me to plant trees? —Sure. Dig a hole, place the tree, and water it regularly. A．how B．what C．when D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么种树吗？——当然。挖一个洞，放上树，定期浇水。 考查疑问词+动词不定式。how怎样，问方式；what 什么，问事或物； when什么时候，问时间；where在哪里，问地点。根据“Dig a hole, place the tree, and water it regularly.”可知，挖一个洞，放上树，定期浇水，因此这里是询问怎么种树，应用how，即how to plant trees“如何种树”。故选A。 15．The little boy looks sad. He doesn’t know who ________. A．to talk B．will talk C．talks to D．to talk to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个小男孩看起来很伤心。他不知道该和谁说话。 考查非谓语动词。此处为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，所以排除选项B和C；talk 为不及物动词，需接介词 to，可知排除A。故选 D。 16．Can you tell me how ________ there? A．get B．to get C．getting D．to getting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎么到那儿吗？ 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。句子中“how”是疑问词，此处需要构成“疑问词+不定式”的固定结构，在句中作“tell me”的宾语，how to do sth意为“如何做某事”。因此，正确答案是to get。故选B。 17．I have learned it all by myself. That is to say nobody told me ________. A．what to do it B．how to do it C．where to do D．when to do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我都是自学的。也就是说，没有人告诉我该怎么做。 考查疑问词+不定式。what to do it表述有误（it多余）；how to do it如何做；where to do在哪里做；when to do什么时候做。根据“I have learned it all by myself. ”可知，自学即没人告诉自己该怎么做，how to do it符合语境。故选B。 18．Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk B．what to talk C．who to say D．who to talk to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露西在学校没有几个亲密的朋友，所以她不知道该向谁倾诉她的烦恼。 考查动词辨析和疑问词+不定式的用法。talk谈论；talk to和……谈论；say说，侧重说话内容。根据“Lucy had few close friends at school,”以及“didn’t know…about the trouble.”可知，此处指她不知道关于这个麻烦该“和谁交谈”，“who to talk to”表示“和谁交谈”，其中“talk to”是固定搭配，介词“to”指明交谈对象，后接“about the trouble”表示话题。故选D。 19．—Are you clear ________ to meet at the gate tomorrow? —Sure, at eight. A．when B．where C．who D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你清楚明天什么时候在大门口见面吗？——当然，八点钟。 考查疑问词辨析。when什么时候；where在哪里；who谁；how如何。根据答语“Sure, at eight.”可知，此处是在询问明天见面的时间，应用when。故选A。 20．—I don’t know ________ to work out the math problem. What can I do? —You can ask your teachers for help. A．what B．when C．where D．how 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我不知道怎么解这道数学题。我该怎么办？——你可以向老师求助。 考查疑问词+不定式。what什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；how怎样。根据“What can I do?”以及“You can ask your teachers for help.”可知，此处指解决数学题的方式方法，how符合。故选D。 21．Lucy had few close friends. So she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk to B．who to talk C．who to say D．what to talk 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露西几乎没有亲密的朋友。所以她不知道该和谁谈谈这件事。 考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。talk to sb. about sth.“和某人谈论某事”；say sth. to sb.“向某人说某事”，是固定搭配，根据“about the trouble”可知，此处指谈论事情，A项符合。故选A。 22．— Could you tell me ________ to do for our community? —Well, you can help some kids with their homework. A．what B．how C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为我们的社区做些什么吗？——嗯，你可以帮助一些孩子做作业。 考查特殊疑问词。what什么；how如何；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“to do for our community”及“you can help some kids with their homework.”可知，空处应是询问为社区做些什么。what“什么”，符合语境。故选A。 23．According to the traffic law, children under 16 ________ ride e-bikes on the road. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据交通法规，16岁以下的儿童禁止在道路上骑电动自行车。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；不许；can’t不能；不会；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能。这里是交通法规的强制禁止，用mustn’t表示。故选A。 24．—Look at this sign. What does it mean? —It means we ________ bring mobile phones into the meeting room. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看这个标识。它是什么意思？——它的意思是我们禁止把手机带入会议室。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。标识是禁止带入手机，是明确规定，用“mustn’t”。故选B。 25．—________ I do my homework now? —No, you ________. You ________ have a rest first. A．Must; don’t have to; may B．Must; needn’t to; must C．Must; mustn’t; can D．Shall; may; may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我现在必须做作业吗？——不，你不必。你可以先休息一下。 考查情态动词用法。第一空用must提问，表示“必须”；“Must I...?”的否定回答常用“No, you don’t have to.”或“No, you needn’t.”；根据语境，说可以先休息，“可以”用may，用may表示允许，语气委婉，而不是must。故选A。 26．We ________ draw in the library book. We should follow library rules. A．may B．must C．mustn’t D．needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们不准在图书馆的书上画画。我们应该遵守图书馆的规则。 考查情态动词辨析。 may可以，可能；must必须；mustn’t不准，禁止；needn’t不必，不需要。根据“We should follow library rules”可知，此处强调“禁止”涂画书籍。故选C。 27．—How soft the silk shirt is! —Yes. It ________ be comfortable to wear. A．should B．must C．need D．have to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这件丝制衬衫好柔软啊！——是啊。它穿起来肯定很舒服。 考查动词辨析。should应该；must一定是，准是，必须；need需要；have to必须，不得不。根据“How soft the silk shirt is!”可知，衬衫柔软，推测穿起来一定很舒服，用must表示很有把握的推测。故选B。 28．In the library you ________ draw or write in the books, or you will be fined. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．don’t have to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在图书馆里，你不能在书上画画或写字，否则你会被罚款的。 考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；may not可能不；don’t have to不必。根据“In the library you…draw or write in the books,”可知，在图书馆里，在书上画画或写字是被禁止的，mustn’t符合题意。故选A。 29．Sir, you ________ use your mobile phone at the gas station (煤气站). It’s dangerous. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．needn’t D．may not 【答案】A 【详解】句意：先生，你不得在煤气站使用手机。它很危险。 考查情态动词用法。mustn’t不得，不允许，禁止；don’t have to不必；needn’t 不必；D. may not可以不。根据安全常识可知，煤气站禁止使用手机，故选A。 30．With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner, my mum ________ sweep the floor herself. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．doesn’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在iRobot地板清洁机的帮助下，我妈妈不必自己扫地。 考查情态动词。can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不应该；doesn’t have to不必。根据“With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner”可知，有了iRobot地板清洁机的帮助，妈妈“不必”自己扫地。故选D。 二、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．Must I finish the task before 7:30 today? (做否定回答) , you . 【答案】 No needn’t 【详解】句意：今天我必须在7点半之前完成这项任务吗？根据题目要求，做否定回答时要用no，位于句首，首字母要大写；must的一般疑问句的否定回答可以用needn’t。故填No；needn’t。 32．—Must I tidy my room today？(作肯定回答) —Yes, . 【答案】 you must 【详解】句意：——我今天必须整理房间吗？——是的，你必须。must开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答是：Yes, 主语+must.，主语是you。故填you；must。 33．它们肯定非常有价值。 They really valuable. 【答案】 must be 【详解】根据所给句意可知，空白处表示“肯定是”，应用情态动词must表示推测，意为“一定”，后面be动词用原形，故填must；be。 34．我们必须和外界保持联系。 We stay in with the outside. 【答案】 have to touch 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，空缺处应该填的是“必须”和“保持联系”，must/have to意为“必须”，结合所给单词，此处用have to；stay in touch with表示“和……保持联系”，故填have；to；touch。 35．比尔现在得走了，他要和妈妈一起去扫地。 Bill leave now. He and his mum are going to . 【答案】 has to sweep the floor 【详解】对照中英文可知，本题缺少“得（不得不、必须）”和“扫地”。“have to”是固定搭配，表示“不得不、必须”；根据“He and his mum are going to”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语Bill是第三人称单数，因此用has；sweep the floor“扫地”，是动词短语，be going to后接动词原形。故填has；to；sweep；the；floor。 36．你今晚不必完成所有作业。 You don’t finish all your homework this evening. 【答案】 have to 【详解】根据题干可知，have to表示“必须”，don’t have to表示“不必”。故填have；to。 37．Students don’t know how they can save water. （改为简单句） Students don’t know save water. 【答案】 how to 【详解】句意：学生们不知道他们怎样能节约用水。原句是含宾语从句的复合句，“how they can save water”作know的宾语，将此类复合句改为简单句时，可转换为“疑问词 + to + 动词原形”的结构，用how；to。故填how；to。 38．I really can’t decide where I should go.（改为同义句） I really can’t decide . 【答案】 where to go 【详解】句意：我真的决定不了应该去哪里。此句是考查复合句与简单句之间的相互转化，当主句的主语与从句的主语相一致时，可以变成“疑问句+不定式”的形式即where to go。故填where；to；go。 39．他们学习如何种水稻。 They grow rice. 【答案】 learn how to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“学习如何”。learn“学习”，描述一般情况用一般现在时，主语为第三人称复数，动词用原形；how to do sth.“如何做某事”。故填learn；how；to。 40．Could you please tell me how I can search the book online? (改为简单句) Could you please tell me how the book online? 【答案】 to search 【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎样在网上搜索这本书吗？原句是宾语从句，改为简单句时，需将宾语从句改为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。故填to；search。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 4 A good read 疑问词+to do和must与have to的用法 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、单项选择(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分) 1．Most experts think it is very important for children to learn ________ the housework. A．how do B．what to do C．how to do 2．—I have no idea ________ to Lisa’s birthday party. —You can ask Mr. Cool for help. He knows a lot about tradition and color. A．how to go B．when to go C．what to wear D．what to eat 3．It’s very important for us to know _________ English well. A．how to study B．when to study C．what to study 4．Everyone should learn how ________ safe when there is a fire. A．keep B．keeps C．keeping D．to keep 5．—Have you decided ________ to the beach? —Not yet. It depends on the weather. A．whom to go B．where to go C．when to go D．why to go 6．Students should learn how ________ problems. A．solve B．solving C．solved D．to solve 7．—What do you think of the math problem? —It is so difficult. I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．what to do it C．how to do D．what do it 8．There is no difference between the two sweaters, so I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．which choose one C．which to choose one D．to choose which one 9．—Could you tell me ________ to pay the bill? —Just use your phone to scan (扫描) the QR code. A．how B．what C．where 10．My family will go for a picnic this Sunday, but we haven’t decided ________. A．why to go B．where to go C．what to do 11．Can you teach me ________ stir-fried potatoes? A．how to making B．how to make C．what to make 12．I think children should ________ read. A．teach how to B．be taught how C．be taught how to 13．—I don’t know ________ to use this machine. —Don’t worry. Let me show you. A．what B．how C．which D．where 14．—Can you tell me to plant trees? —Sure. Dig a hole, place the tree, and water it regularly. A．how B．what C．when D．where 15．The little boy looks sad. He doesn’t know who ________. A．to talk B．will talk C．talks to D．to talk to 16．Can you tell me how ________ there? A．get B．to get C．getting D．to getting 17．I have learned it all by myself. That is to say nobody told me ________. A．what to do it B．how to do it C．where to do D．when to do 18．Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk B．what to talk C．who to say D．who to talk to 19．—Are you clear ________ to meet at the gate tomorrow? —Sure, at eight. A．when B．where C．who D．how 20．—I don’t know ________ to work out the math problem. What can I do? —You can ask your teachers for help. A．what B．when C．where D．how 21．Lucy had few close friends. So she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk to B．who to talk C．who to say D．what to talk 22．— Could you tell me ________ to do for our community? —Well, you can help some kids with their homework. A．what B．how C．why D．when 23．According to the traffic law, children under 16 ________ ride e-bikes on the road. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t 24．—Look at this sign. What does it mean? —It means we ________ bring mobile phones into the meeting room. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t 25．—________ I do my homework now? —No, you ________. You ________ have a rest first. A．Must; don’t have to; may B．Must; needn’t to; must C．Must; mustn’t; can D．Shall; may; may 26．We ________ draw in the library book. We should follow library rules. A．may B．must C．mustn’t D．needn’t 27．—How soft the silk shirt is! —Yes. It ________ be comfortable to wear. A．should B．must C．need D．have to 28．In the library you ________ draw or write in the books, or you will be fined. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．may not D．don’t have to 29．Sir, you ________ use your mobile phone at the gas station (煤气站). It’s dangerous. A．mustn’t B．don’t have to C．needn’t D．may not 30．With the help of an iRobot floor cleaner, my mum ________ sweep the floor herself. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．doesn’t have to 二、完成句子(本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分) 31．Must I finish the task before 7:30 today? (做否定回答) , you . 32．—Must I tidy my room today？(作肯定回答) —Yes, . 33．它们肯定非常有价值。 They really valuable. 34．我们必须和外界保持联系。 We stay in with the outside. 35．比尔现在得走了，他要和妈妈一起去扫地。 Bill leave now. He and his mum are going to . 36．你今晚不必完成所有作业。 You don’t finish all your homework this evening. 37．Students don’t know how they can save water. （改为简单句） Students don’t know save water. 38．I really can’t decide where I should go.（改为同义句） I really can’t decide . 39．他们学习如何种水稻。 They grow rice. 40．Could you please tell me how I can search the book online? (改为简单句) Could you please tell me how the book online? 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $