Unit 4 Space Exploration（单元自测·提升卷）英语人教版必修第三册

听力考试。正式开始。Keh, have you picked up mister Lopez at the airport? Yes, i'm helping him check into his room now, and i'll drive him to our company later. Keh, have you picked up mister Lopez at the airport? Yes, i'm hoping i'm check into his room now and i'll drive him to our company later. Listen to the next question. Do you know U, U, N garden in shanghai offers public night tours? Now I didn't know what is special about the night tour. The night tour combines modern lighting and projection mapping shows with classical garden art, and the garden offers english language guide of services. Do you know UU, N garden in shanghai offers public night tours? now? I didn't know what is special about the night tour. The night tour combines modern lighting and projection mapping shows with classical garden art, and the garden offers english language guide services. Listen to the . next question. Dave, what birthday gift did you give wrong? You thought about buying a model plane or a comic book before. Which one did you finally choose? neither. I gave him AC. D by his favorite singer. Dave, what birthday gift did you give? Run, you thought about buying a model player, a comic book before. Which one did you finally choose? neither. I gave him AC, D by his favorite singer. Listen to the next question. How about going to the movies after work today? fine. But before that, let's try the new burger place near our home. All right, maybe we could do some shopping after seeing the movie. Good idea. How about going to the movies after work today? Fine, but before that, let's try the new burger place near our home. All right, maybe we could do some shopping after . seeing the movie. Good idea. Listen to the next question. Daniel, I don't feel quite right. Oh, you look pale. I need to stop running and ask the P. E. Teacher for leave. Yes, you need to go to the medical room. Daniel, I don't feel quite right. Oh, you look pale. I need to stop running and ask the P. E. Teacher for leave. Yes, you need to go to the medical room. Listen to the next question. China's high speed rail has introduced a new pet transport service. Are there any rules? Yes, one passenger can only bring one healthy pet, either a cat or a dog. The animal must weigh no more than fifteen kilograms, with a shoulder height under forty centimeters. perfect. I can take meetings when I travel to shanghai next month, but I wonder when I will be able to take bunny on a train. Pigs aren't included yet, but who knows what's next? China's high speed rail has introduced a new pet transport service. Are there any rules? Yes, one passenger can only bring one healthy pet, either a cat or a dog. The animal must weigh no more than fifteen kilograms, with a show the height under forty centimeters. perfect. I can take mittens when I travel to shanghai next month, but I wonder when I will be able to take bonny on a train. Pigs aren't included yet, but who knows what's next? Listen to the next question. Final exams are coming. Which subject will you review first? I'll start with my weak one. If I do well in the physics exam, i'll definitely be in the top three . of the class. You may have one week subject, but I struggle with math, biology and geography. I'll study at the city library tomorrow. Would you like to join me? Sure, but i'll go there in the afternoon. I need to visit my grandma . in the morning. Okay, I, i'll be. There is a whole day . final exams are coming. Which subject will you review first? I'll start with my week one. If I do well in the physics exam, i'll definitely be in the top three of the class. You only have one week subject, but I struggle with math, biology and geography . study at the city library tomorrow. Would you like to join me? Sure, but i'll go there in the afternoon. I need to visit my grandma in . the morning. Okay, i'll be there for a whole day. Listen to the next question. I heard you're going to explore an ancient town during the entire holiday. Which one is IT? It's an ancient town in juju province. I grew up there. I know IT like the back of my hand. I'm going back there to see my family during . the holiday. Then can you be my tour guide? Sure, perfect. I planned to drive there on may second. Would you like to . go in my car? No thanks. I intend to buy gifts for my family then, so i'll set off by high speed train on a third. We can meet on may force. It's a deal. I heard you're going to explore an ancient town during the entire holiday. Which one is IT? It's none ancient town in juju province. I grew up there. I know IT like the back of my hand. I'm going back there to see my family . during the holiday. Then can you be my tour guide? Sure, perfect. I planned to drive there on may second. Would you like to . go in my car? No thanks. I intend to buy gifts for my family then. So i'll set off by high speed train on a third. We can meet on a fourth. It's a deal. Listen to the next question. Hey, jake, how have you been lately still working out regularly? No, i'm a bit heavier than I used to be. I heard my knee ve when playing basketball two months ago, the doctor said I needed rest, so I stopped exercising. How's your ney now? It's Better, but I just never started exercising again. At first I was because of the injury, then I got busy with work. Now I just feel lazy. I get IT. But do you remember how good you felt after exercising? Sure, I sleep Better and had more energy. Now I feel tired . all the time. Maybe start like walking for twenty minutes a day. That sounds reasonable, and I can walk my dog in the park instead of just letting him play in the yard. And if your nee feels okay, try swimming. My friend Wesley runs a small gym near city square. It's not popular, but the swim lessons are low in Price. Hey, jake, how have you been lately still working out regularly? No, i'm a bit heavier than I used to be. I heard my knee e when playing basketball two months ago. The doctor said I needed rest, so I stopped exercising. How's your ney now? It's Better, but I just never started exercising again. At first I was because of the injury, then I got busy with work. Now I just feel lazy. I get IT, but do you remember how good you felt after exercising? Sure, I sleep Better and had more energy. Now I feel tired all the time. Maybe starts slow, like walking for twenty minutes a day. That sounds reasonable. And I can walk my dog in the park instead of just letting him play in the yard. And if your nee feels okay, try swimming. My friend Wesley runs a small gym near city square. It's not popular, but the swiming lessons are low in Price. Listen to the next question. In two thousand seventeen, when long, the Young flew a remote control plane over shirted jy, a village on the eastern part of the garlic mountains in union province. He found a land with a rich coffee history. Wong left his job as AT, V camera man in two thousand thirteen and started a documentary studio in anjo. He came to this mountains area for a business trip. That's how he learned about the one's thriving coffee history dating back to the ninety twenties. Wrong as a coffee lover, decided to make a documentary tracing china's coffee history and bringing attention to the unique union coffee and its special place in the global market. At the same time, coffee drinking in china has grown a lot since two thousand eighteen, creating new opportunities. This inspired wrong to leave behind his successful studio and settled in the remote mountains. He said three main goals for himself, restore the lander's natural power, reshaped local coffee bean production and promote the rural value. In two thousand seventeen, when wonder Young flew a remote control plane over shirted jy, a village on the eastern part of the gold mountains in una province, he found a land with a rich coffee history. Wong left his job as AT, V, camera man in two thousand thirteen and started a documentation studio in an jen. He came to this mountains area for a business trip. That's how he learned about the one's thriving coffee history dating back to the nineteen twenties. Wrong as a coffee lover decided to make a documentary tracing china's coffee history and bringing attention to the unique union coffee and its special place in the global market. At the same time, coffee drinking in china has grown a lot since two thousand eighteen, creating new opportunities. This inspired one to leave behind his successful studio and settled in the remote mountains. He said three main goals for himself, restore the land's natural power, reshape local coffee being production and promote the rural value. 听力部分到此结束。 Unit 4 Space Exploration单元测试·提升卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） （参考答案） （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A B C A A B B C A C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A C A B C B A B C C 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分， 满分50分） 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．D 34．D 35．C 36．B 37．F 38．D 39．G 40．C 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．A 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．D 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 56．greatly 57．preparing 58．factors 59．to meet 60．of 61．fewer 62．be brought 63．which 64．or 65．the 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．Dear Carson, I’m glad to receive your e-mail and interested in the future of space exploration too. In my opinion, more and more private companies from around the world will invent new generations of spaceships, which will reduce the cost of sending humans into space. In addition, we will see the next generation of moonwalkers, as well as the development of new technology that will help us better explore outer space. Nations should join hands in space exploration. I hope we will further our discussions about the topic and share the latest news and information. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67．Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. The symbols were unlike anything they had ever seen, glowing faintly in the dim light. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei exchanged puzzled glances, their curiosity piqued. They moved closer to examine the symbols, noticing intricate patterns that seemed to convey some sort of message. The room was filled with a soft hum, adding to the mystery of the place. They decided to take pictures and make notes, hoping to decipher the meaning later. Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. It was a soft, melodic sound, echoing through the room. At first, they couldn’t make out any words, but as they listened more closely, they began to pick up on a rhythm and tone. It was as if the voice was using music to communicate. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei looked at each other in amazement, their fear gradually being replaced by fascination. They tried to respond with their own voices, mimicking the rhythm, and to their surprise, the voice seemed to react, becoming more distinct. They realized they might have just made contact with something unknown on the moon. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 4 Space Exploration单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．Where is the man? A．In the hotel. B．At the airport. C．In the company. 2．What is the conversation mainly about? A．The importance of garden art. B．The features of a night tour. C．The way to join a tour group. 3．What gift did the man give Ron? A．A model plane. B．A comic book. C．A CD． 4．What will the speakers do first after work today? A．Have a meal. B．See a movie. C．Go shopping. 5．What is the girl doing? A．Taking a class. B．Asking for leave. C．Buying medicine. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Which is the rule for the pet transport service? A．Each passenger is allowed to bring at most two pets. B．The pet must weigh no more than 15 kilograms. C．The pet must be under 50 centimeters tall. 7．What kind of animal is Bonnie? A．A cat. B．A pig. C．A dog. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．Which subject is the girl bad at? A．Geography. B．Biology. C．Physics. 9．What will the boy do tomorrow afternoon? A．Study with the girl. B．Take an exam. C．Visit his grandmother. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10．Why will the man go to Nanxun Ancient Town? A．For a family visit. B．For his business. C．For sightseeing. 11．What does the man offer to do for the woman? A．Give her a ride. B．Help her pick a gift. C．Get her a train ticket. 12．When will the speakers meet? A．On May 2nd. B．On May 3rd. C．On May 4th. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why did the man originally stop exercising? A．He had a knee injury. B．He was busy with work. C．He lost interest in exercising. 14．What is the man’s problem? A．He has put on too much weight. B．He doesn’t have much energy. C．He has a poor memory. 15．Where does the man’s dog usually play? A．At the square. B．In the park. C．In the yard. 16．How does the woman describe the swimming lessons at Wesley’s gym? A．Popular. B．Cheap. C．Beginner-friendly. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．How did Wang know about the land in 2017? A．By flying a remote-controlled plane. B．By talking with a local villager. C．By watching a TV program. 18．What did Wang do before he started his own studio? A．A coffee farmer. B．A TV cameraman. C．A government official. 19．Why did Wang decide to make a documentary? A．To attract more tourists to Yunnan. B．To teach traditional coffee farming. C．To record and promote Yunnan coffee. 20．What was one of Wang’s goals in Shitizhai? A．To export the local coffee beans. B．To create a famous coffee brand. C．To restore the land’s natural power. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Instant Expert: Wonders of Space Saturday 17th July, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. | Cavendish Conference Centre, London Join us for a day of exploring the wonders of outer space with six leading scientists. You will start where everything began, at the Big Bang. Throughout the day, you will hear about everything from the exploration to find life on Mars to the discovery of liveable planets outside our solar system. Who should attend? Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply an attracted human being, our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. Benefits of attending: ·Open your mind and be inspired. ·Talk with like-minded people through informal set-up. ·Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions. What’s included in your ticket: ·In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists. ·Buffet lunch, plus morning and afternoon drinks and snacks. ·An Instant Expert certificate provided by event organizers. Booking information: We will email you your ticket immediately after purchase. Please remember to bring your ticket with you as you’ll need it to gain entry. We can scan (扫描) tickets from a printout, or off the screen of a phone. A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available. 21．Who is the event intended for? A．Science students. B．Leading scientists. C．Space fans. D．Research experts. 22．What can participants expect from the event? A．Free meals throughout the day. B．Certificates from famous schools. C．Gatherings with event organizers. D．Face-to-face meetings with scientists. 23．What should people do if they want to save money? A．Choose digital tickets. B．Buy tickets quickly. C．Reserve tickets online. D．Print tickets in advance. B Frequent goodbyes to her family come hand-in-hand with Wang Yaping’s intensive training. This time, however, her goodbye has sparked joy in her 5-year-old daughter’s eyes as she is “shooting for the stars.” Known for broadcasting a 40-minute live lesson during her first space trip, she is very likely to draw global attention again during her second space mission. Wang was born in 1980 to a rural family in Shandong Province. “When I was young, my world was small,” Wang recalled. “My dream was much simpler: to go beyond the village and to pay back all that my parents had given me.” Her space dream started in 2003 when China sent Yang Liwei into space. “I watched the bright rocket flame on TV, and an idea flashed through my mind: China now has a male taikonaut, when will there be a female one?” Wang said. After racking up safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang became a strong candidate (候选人) for China’s first flight by a female taikonaut. However, she did not pass her final tests. Wang did not lose heart but pushed forward even harder. She always ran three laps more than others in physical courses; she volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male partners during desert survival training, and she asked to train in the pressure chamber for an extra 30 minutes each time. “You can’t catch a break simply for being a woman,” she said. Her efforts were not in vain. Wang became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013. And more notably, she earned the title of China’s first space teacher after giving a lecture to students from an orbit more than 300 km above the Earth’s surface. Liu Cixin, China’s famous sci-fi writer and Hugo Award winner, said Wang’s lesson was like a “brush,” which painted a space world for children that is different from Earth. 24．What do we know about Wang Yaping? A．She is the first Chinese woman to enter space. B．She went to space just for a lecture in 2013. C．She is the first Chinese to give a lesson in space. D．She dreamed to pay back her hometown as a child. 25．How did Wang Yaping react in the face of failure? A．She was puzzled about her future for a period. B．She felt down completely under great pressure. C．She volunteered for heavier tasks than men. D．She strengthened herself through hard practice. 26．Which of the following can best describe Wang Yaping according to the text? A．Learned and generous. B．Wise and cooperative. C．Honest and ambitious. D．Determined and hard-working. 27．Why does the author mention Liu Cixin in the last paragraph? A．To compare Wang Yaping with him. B．To show his opinion on Wang’s space lesson. C．To explain how Wang became famous. D．To describe his award-winning novels. C The increasing frequency of rocket launches is crowding the region of space closest to Earth, known as low-Earth orbit — a zone that is already peppered with tens of thousands of bits of decades-old hardware. Experts warn that the danger posed by all this space junk is rising sharply. In recent years, debris has fallen on countries across the globe. Aside from falling to Earth, objects may also smash into each other in orbit, generating even more debris (碎片). Scientists also point to the potential danger to commercial aviation, as well as the pollution caused by debris burning up in the atmosphere. To tackle the growing problem, various strategies have been put forward for cleaning up low-Earth orbit. A Japanese company recently debuted a prototype for a kind of “space garbage truck” that it hopes can retrieve (取回) inactive satellites from orbit. A Swiss company cooperating with the European Space Agency is planning similar retrieval missions. Another solution, in the short term at least, is to boost objects to higher orbits, where they lead to less of a danger. In 2022, a Chinese mission boosted an inactive BeiDou navigation satellite into a higher and less crowded zone. A longer-term solution would involve recycling such objects—and some of that recycling can happen in orbit, astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell says. “At some point we’re going to have to move from disposing of old satellites in the atmosphere to taking them to recycling stations where their parts get reused for new satellites, and we actually do some of the manufacturing (制造) in orbit.” Moriba Jah, a space scientist, calls this the “circular space economy”, and the European Space Agency suggests it can be achieved by 2050. Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more durable. “The message that I keep trying to deliver to anybody who will listen is: We need to have fewer satellites with longer operational lifetimes,” says astronomer Samantha Lawler. “Anything that you can do to make your satellites last longer and to use fewer of them — that is the engineering challenge that we are now facing, and I don’t see anyone really taking that up.” 28．The word “peppered with” in the first paragraph probably means ______. A．separated with B．protected with C．filled with D．cleaned of 29．What solution is mentioned as a short-term measure to deal with space junk? A．Developing “space garbage trucks”. B．Launching objects to higher orbits. C．Recycling old space objects. D．Reduce rocket launches. 30．What is Samantha Lawler’s suggestion about ______. A．Potential application of satellites. B．Choice of new launching technology. C．Possible direction for further cooperation D．Need to improve engineering. 31．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The causes of space junk and its effects on earth. B．Different strategies to solve the problem of crowded low-Earth orbit. C．The development of space technology in different countries. D．The importance of international cooperation in space exploration. D As “The Martian”, Sir Ridley Scott’s film based on Andy Weir’s book, reaches its most exciting part, the world watches attempts to save Mark Watney, a NASA astronaut left alone on Mars, while holding its breath. All of humankind seems united in worry for a single life; crowds in America, Europe and China closely follow news reports about the efforts to bring him home. The topic of a recent NASA press conference was strangely similar. Scientists announced the discovery of a “potential biosignature”, a possible sign of life, in a Martian rock sample. According to NASA’s acting leader, this could be “the clearest sign of life that we’ve ever found on Mars.” The sample has been sealed in a metal container, for future study. Unfortunately, those advanced instruments are on Earth, while the precious sample remains on Mars. The rock comes from Jezero, a huge hole on the red planet’s surface, where a Mars vehicle landed four and a half years ago. Scientists identified distinctive rock formations in a valley, naming one particular sample “Sapphire Canyon.” Analysis shows it contains organic molecules (分子), carbon-based materials, and unusual mineral formations that appear to have grown within the rock. These features contain minerals that underwent chemical reactions similar to those produced by bacteria (细菌) on Earth. While organic molecules don’t necessarily indicate life, their presence along with these special features makes this finding particularly significant. The discovery represents the strongest potential evidence of life ever found on Mars. However, returning the sample to Earth presents enormous challenges. NASA has cancelled the mission to bring these samples back to earth due to budget issues. Bringing samples from Mars requires complex operations including a Mars launch vehicle, and a return spacecraft. Although private companies claim they could achieve this at lower cost, and China is planning its own sample-return mission, international cooperation remains unlikely. For now, this exciting discovery must await future technology or missions to reveal its secrets. 32．Why does the author mention the movie in Paragraph.1? A．To praise director Ridley Scott. B．To show public interest in Mars. C．To introduce Andy Weir’s novel. D．To lead to NASA’s announcement. 33．What makes the finding particularly significant? A．The rock contains carbon-based materials. B．The rock shows unusual mineral formations. C．The rock comes from Sapphire Canyon in Jezero. D．The rock holds organic bits and bacteria-like minerals. 34．What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on? A．NASA’s budget issues. B．Private companies’ claims. C．Technology for future missions. D．Challenges of bringing the sample home. 35．What would be the best title for this passage? A．A Movie: Inspiring Mars Exploration. B．Discovery: Organic Molecules on Mars. C．Mars Sample: Discovery and Return Challenges. D．Cooperation: International Efforts for Sample Return. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Astronauts on the International Space Station often spend 6 to 12 months in space. It is hard to stay inside the space station all that time, but they still need to do their everyday living, such as working, eating, and exercising with limited resources. Imagine you are an astronaut on the space station right now. 36 Keep learning Astronauts are constantly learning. They do all the science experiments that need to happen on the space station. Most of the time, these experiments were designed by scientists. 37 Astronauts also need to learn how to operate parts of the space station, such as the robotic arm. Do exercise 38 One way they do this is by running on a designed treadmill (跑步机), which could hold them down so they won’t float away. You can keep your muscles strong, too. Do some push ups, sit ups or jo g so that you’ll be strong enough when you can go exploring. Observe Earth Astronauts love to take pictures and videos of Earth from the window of the space station. 39 You can take pictures from your window, too. Think about what makes your street and city special and take notes of the patterns you see. Stay in touch Astronauts keep in touch with their families by email and video-conference. You can keep in touch with your family and friends in the same way. Make a list of the friends and relatives you want to stay in touch with and contact with a few every day. 40 A．What do you know about astronauts? B．What activities would you do in space? C．They will be glad to know you are thinking about them. D．Astronauts need to keep their muscles strong to stay healthy. E．Astronauts are learning how to grow food on the space station. F．So they need to learn about the science by following the right steps provided. G．Seeing Earth in a new way gets them thinking about what makes our planet unique. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a historic milestone for space exploration, the European Space Agency (ESA) has announced that Paralympian (残奥会运动员) and surgeon John McFall has completed his training. He is now 41 qualified for an international space mission, becoming the first astronaut with a physical disability. John lost his leg at the age of 19 42 a serious motorbike accident. In a video interview 43 by the ESA, he talks about how he has always been 44 about science and space exploration, and how he didn’t think it was 45 for an amputee (截肢者) to become an astronaut. In 2022, he was 46 to take part in Fly!, ESA’s feasibility (可行性) study 47 the possibilities of someone physically challenged beginning a long-duration space mission. Following a two-year period of 48 research examining potential challenges, it was 49 that it was very much possible. Speaking in a recent media briefing for Fly! , John said, “I feel hugely 50 ... What’s really interesting is this isn’t about me, this is much bigger than that, because this is a 51 in traditional belief. This is something that has not been done before...” The next phase is “Mission Ready”, which will 52 making preparations for a safe and successful mission, if there should be a flight 53 . Though John hasn’t 54 a mission just yet, it marks a huge milestone for space travel and inclusivity, breaking 55 that go beyond Earth. 41．A．economically B．academically C．medically D．emotionally 42．A．following B．preventing C．avoiding D．witnessing 43．A．opposed B．justified C．quoted D．posted 44．A．particular B．passionate C．uncertain D．cautious 45．A．possible B．legal C．mature D．decent 46．A．forced B．threatened C．selected D．forbidden 47．A．displaying B．investigating C．dismissing D．negating 48．A．extensive B．contradictory C．theoretical D．random 49．A．estimated B．negotiated C．predicted D．concluded 50．A．proud B．guilty C．upset D．comfortable 51．A．shift B．friction C．intervention D．prejudice 52．A．resist B．advocate C．involve D．delay 53．A．guidance B．opportunity C．drill D．route 54．A．canceled out B．approved of C．carried out D．weighed up 55．A．habits B．promises C．rules D．barriers 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Food and nutrition have 56 (great) influenced space exploration missions. With the development of technology, attention is now being paid more to 57 (prepare) food for the microgravity environment, taking into account 58 (factor) like nutrient density (密度), shelf life, challenges, and applications. Space food products should be designed 59 (meet) the balanced nutritional requirements, and it is 60 great significance to provide humans with an adequate supply of fresh food to meet their nutritional needs, so there will be 61 (few) health risks connected with mental stress, microgravity, and radiation exposure from space. For short-term space missions, astronauts’ food could 62 (bring) from earth. Still, for long-term space missions to the Moon, Mars, and other distant missions, 63 are the current research destinations, astronauts must find a way to eat, such as by growing plants 64 finding other means of survival. Scientists and researchers are also attempting to develop novel food production technologies and space foods like 3D printing and space farming for 65 long-term space mission. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，上周你的美国笔友Carson发来邮件说想要与你探讨太空探索的未来。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示对该话题感兴趣； 2.表达对太空探索的未来的看法； 3. 期待更多交流。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Carson, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A Mysterious Encounter on the Moon Chinese astronauts Zhang Wei and Liu Mei, feeling proud to represent China’s space exploration, walked out of their lunar module onto the moon’s surface. The moon looked lonely and empty. The ground was covered with a thin layer of gray-white dust. Big craters (陨石坑) were all over the place. Some were as large as small towns on Earth. Their edges were sharp, like cuts on the moon. The sun was shining brightly, making strong, dark shadows. When they were doing their science work, collecting samples and setting up tools, something bad happened. Their communication device made a loud sharp noise, and they lost touch with Earth. Zhang Wei stopped suddenly, his eyes wide open in shock. Liu Mei’s hands shook a little as she tried to fix the device. Her face turned pale with worry. “What can we do?” Liu Mei asked in a low, nervous voice. But they knew they had to be brave and keep going. While they were moving forward, they found some strange, evenly-spaced (均匀间隔的) marks on the ground. These marks were different from the random dents (凹陷) made by meteors (陨石). Curious, they decided to follow the trail. The air was full of tension. and they walked carefully. After a while, they saw a faint, strange light coming from a deep valley far away. Their hearts were beating fast, a mix of fear and excitement. They looked at each other, full of doubt, and then decided to go closer. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space Exploration单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．Where is the man? A．In the hotel. B．At the airport. C．In the company. 2．What is the conversation mainly about? A．The importance of garden art. B．The features of a night tour. C．The way to join a tour group. 3．What gift did the man give Ron? A．A model plane. B．A comic book. C．A CD． 4．What will the speakers do first after work today? A．Have a meal. B．See a movie. C．Go shopping. 5．What is the girl doing? A．Taking a class. B．Asking for leave. C．Buying medicine. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Which is the rule for the pet transport service? A．Each passenger is allowed to bring at most two pets. B．The pet must weigh no more than 15 kilograms. C．The pet must be under 50 centimeters tall. 7．What kind of animal is Bonnie? A．A cat. B．A pig. C．A dog. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．Which subject is the girl bad at? A．Geography. B．Biology. C．Physics. 9．What will the boy do tomorrow afternoon? A．Study with the girl. B．Take an exam. C．Visit his grandmother. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10．Why will the man go to Nanxun Ancient Town? A．For a family visit. B．For his business. C．For sightseeing. 11．What does the man offer to do for the woman? A．Give her a ride. B．Help her pick a gift. C．Get her a train ticket. 12．When will the speakers meet? A．On May 2nd. B．On May 3rd. C．On May 4th. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why did the man originally stop exercising? A．He had a knee injury. B．He was busy with work. C．He lost interest in exercising. 14．What is the man’s problem? A．He has put on too much weight. B．He doesn’t have much energy. C．He has a poor memory. 15．Where does the man’s dog usually play? A．At the square. B．In the park. C．In the yard. 16．How does the woman describe the swimming lessons at Wesley’s gym? A．Popular. B．Cheap. C．Beginner-friendly. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．How did Wang know about the land in 2017? A．By flying a remote-controlled plane. B．By talking with a local villager. C．By watching a TV program. 18．What did Wang do before he started his own studio? A．A coffee farmer. B．A TV cameraman. C．A government official. 19．Why did Wang decide to make a documentary? A．To attract more tourists to Yunnan. B．To teach traditional coffee farming. C．To record and promote Yunnan coffee. 20．What was one of Wang’s goals in Shitizhai? A．To export the local coffee beans. B．To create a famous coffee brand. C．To restore the land’s natural power. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Instant Expert: Wonders of Space Saturday 17th July, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. | Cavendish Conference Centre, London Join us for a day of exploring the wonders of outer space with six leading scientists. You will start where everything began, at the Big Bang. Throughout the day, you will hear about everything from the exploration to find life on Mars to the discovery of liveable planets outside our solar system. Who should attend? Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply an attracted human being, our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. Benefits of attending: ·Open your mind and be inspired. ·Talk with like-minded people through informal set-up. ·Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions. What’s included in your ticket: ·In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists. ·Buffet lunch, plus morning and afternoon drinks and snacks. ·An Instant Expert certificate provided by event organizers. Booking information: We will email you your ticket immediately after purchase. Please remember to bring your ticket with you as you’ll need it to gain entry. We can scan (扫描) tickets from a printout, or off the screen of a phone. A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available. 21．Who is the event intended for? A．Science students. B．Leading scientists. C．Space fans. D．Research experts. 22．What can participants expect from the event? A．Free meals throughout the day. B．Certificates from famous schools. C．Gatherings with event organizers. D．Face-to-face meetings with scientists. 23．What should people do if they want to save money? A．Choose digital tickets. B．Buy tickets quickly. C．Reserve tickets online. D．Print tickets in advance. B Frequent goodbyes to her family come hand-in-hand with Wang Yaping’s intensive training. This time, however, her goodbye has sparked joy in her 5-year-old daughter’s eyes as she is “shooting for the stars.” Known for broadcasting a 40-minute live lesson during her first space trip, she is very likely to draw global attention again during her second space mission. Wang was born in 1980 to a rural family in Shandong Province. “When I was young, my world was small,” Wang recalled. “My dream was much simpler: to go beyond the village and to pay back all that my parents had given me.” Her space dream started in 2003 when China sent Yang Liwei into space. “I watched the bright rocket flame on TV, and an idea flashed through my mind: China now has a male taikonaut, when will there be a female one?” Wang said. After racking up safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang became a strong candidate (候选人) for China’s first flight by a female taikonaut. However, she did not pass her final tests. Wang did not lose heart but pushed forward even harder. She always ran three laps more than others in physical courses; she volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male partners during desert survival training, and she asked to train in the pressure chamber for an extra 30 minutes each time. “You can’t catch a break simply for being a woman,” she said. Her efforts were not in vain. Wang became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013. And more notably, she earned the title of China’s first space teacher after giving a lecture to students from an orbit more than 300 km above the Earth’s surface. Liu Cixin, China’s famous sci-fi writer and Hugo Award winner, said Wang’s lesson was like a “brush,” which painted a space world for children that is different from Earth. 24．What do we know about Wang Yaping? A．She is the first Chinese woman to enter space. B．She went to space just for a lecture in 2013. C．She is the first Chinese to give a lesson in space. D．She dreamed to pay back her hometown as a child. 25．How did Wang Yaping react in the face of failure? A．She was puzzled about her future for a period. B．She felt down completely under great pressure. C．She volunteered for heavier tasks than men. D．She strengthened herself through hard practice. 26．Which of the following can best describe Wang Yaping according to the text? A．Learned and generous. B．Wise and cooperative. C．Honest and ambitious. D．Determined and hard-working. 27．Why does the author mention Liu Cixin in the last paragraph? A．To compare Wang Yaping with him. B．To show his opinion on Wang’s space lesson. C．To explain how Wang became famous. D．To describe his award-winning novels. C The increasing frequency of rocket launches is crowding the region of space closest to Earth, known as low-Earth orbit — a zone that is already peppered with tens of thousands of bits of decades-old hardware. Experts warn that the danger posed by all this space junk is rising sharply. In recent years, debris has fallen on countries across the globe. Aside from falling to Earth, objects may also smash into each other in orbit, generating even more debris (碎片). Scientists also point to the potential danger to commercial aviation, as well as the pollution caused by debris burning up in the atmosphere. To tackle the growing problem, various strategies have been put forward for cleaning up low-Earth orbit. A Japanese company recently debuted a prototype for a kind of “space garbage truck” that it hopes can retrieve (取回) inactive satellites from orbit. A Swiss company cooperating with the European Space Agency is planning similar retrieval missions. Another solution, in the short term at least, is to boost objects to higher orbits, where they lead to less of a danger. In 2022, a Chinese mission boosted an inactive BeiDou navigation satellite into a higher and less crowded zone. A longer-term solution would involve recycling such objects—and some of that recycling can happen in orbit, astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell says. “At some point we’re going to have to move from disposing of old satellites in the atmosphere to taking them to recycling stations where their parts get reused for new satellites, and we actually do some of the manufacturing (制造) in orbit.” Moriba Jah, a space scientist, calls this the “circular space economy”, and the European Space Agency suggests it can be achieved by 2050. Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more durable. “The message that I keep trying to deliver to anybody who will listen is: We need to have fewer satellites with longer operational lifetimes,” says astronomer Samantha Lawler. “Anything that you can do to make your satellites last longer and to use fewer of them — that is the engineering challenge that we are now facing, and I don’t see anyone really taking that up.” 28．The word “peppered with” in the first paragraph probably means ______. A．separated with B．protected with C．filled with D．cleaned of 29．What solution is mentioned as a short-term measure to deal with space junk? A．Developing “space garbage trucks”. B．Launching objects to higher orbits. C．Recycling old space objects. D．Reduce rocket launches. 30．What is Samantha Lawler’s suggestion about ______. A．Potential application of satellites. B．Choice of new launching technology. C．Possible direction for further cooperation D．Need to improve engineering. 31．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The causes of space junk and its effects on earth. B．Different strategies to solve the problem of crowded low-Earth orbit. C．The development of space technology in different countries. D．The importance of international cooperation in space exploration. D As “The Martian”, Sir Ridley Scott’s film based on Andy Weir’s book, reaches its most exciting part, the world watches attempts to save Mark Watney, a NASA astronaut left alone on Mars, while holding its breath. All of humankind seems united in worry for a single life; crowds in America, Europe and China closely follow news reports about the efforts to bring him home. The topic of a recent NASA press conference was strangely similar. Scientists announced the discovery of a “potential biosignature”, a possible sign of life, in a Martian rock sample. According to NASA’s acting leader, this could be “the clearest sign of life that we’ve ever found on Mars.” The sample has been sealed in a metal container, for future study. Unfortunately, those advanced instruments are on Earth, while the precious sample remains on Mars. The rock comes from Jezero, a huge hole on the red planet’s surface, where a Mars vehicle landed four and a half years ago. Scientists identified distinctive rock formations in a valley, naming one particular sample “Sapphire Canyon.” Analysis shows it contains organic molecules (分子), carbon-based materials, and unusual mineral formations that appear to have grown within the rock. These features contain minerals that underwent chemical reactions similar to those produced by bacteria (细菌) on Earth. While organic molecules don’t necessarily indicate life, their presence along with these special features makes this finding particularly significant. The discovery represents the strongest potential evidence of life ever found on Mars. However, returning the sample to Earth presents enormous challenges. NASA has cancelled the mission to bring these samples back to earth due to budget issues. Bringing samples from Mars requires complex operations including a Mars launch vehicle, and a return spacecraft. Although private companies claim they could achieve this at lower cost, and China is planning its own sample-return mission, international cooperation remains unlikely. For now, this exciting discovery must await future technology or missions to reveal its secrets. 32．Why does the author mention the movie in Paragraph.1? A．To praise director Ridley Scott. B．To show public interest in Mars. C．To introduce Andy Weir’s novel. D．To lead to NASA’s announcement. 33．What makes the finding particularly significant? A．The rock contains carbon-based materials. B．The rock shows unusual mineral formations. C．The rock comes from Sapphire Canyon in Jezero. D．The rock holds organic bits and bacteria-like minerals. 34．What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on? A．NASA’s budget issues. B．Private companies’ claims. C．Technology for future missions. D．Challenges of bringing the sample home. 35．What would be the best title for this passage? A．A Movie: Inspiring Mars Exploration. B．Discovery: Organic Molecules on Mars. C．Mars Sample: Discovery and Return Challenges. D．Cooperation: International Efforts for Sample Return. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Astronauts on the International Space Station often spend 6 to 12 months in space. It is hard to stay inside the space station all that time, but they still need to do their everyday living, such as working, eating, and exercising with limited resources. Imagine you are an astronaut on the space station right now. 36 Keep learning Astronauts are constantly learning. They do all the science experiments that need to happen on the space station. Most of the time, these experiments were designed by scientists. 37 Astronauts also need to learn how to operate parts of the space station, such as the robotic arm. Do exercise 38 One way they do this is by running on a designed treadmill (跑步机), which could hold them down so they won’t float away. You can keep your muscles strong, too. Do some push ups, sit ups or jo g so that you’ll be strong enough when you can go exploring. Observe Earth Astronauts love to take pictures and videos of Earth from the window of the space station. 39 You can take pictures from your window, too. Think about what makes your street and city special and take notes of the patterns you see. Stay in touch Astronauts keep in touch with their families by email and video-conference. You can keep in touch with your family and friends in the same way. Make a list of the friends and relatives you want to stay in touch with and contact with a few every day. 40 A．What do you know about astronauts? B．What activities would you do in space? C．They will be glad to know you are thinking about them. D．Astronauts need to keep their muscles strong to stay healthy. E．Astronauts are learning how to grow food on the space station. F．So they need to learn about the science by following the right steps provided. G．Seeing Earth in a new way gets them thinking about what makes our planet unique. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a historic milestone for space exploration, the European Space Agency (ESA) has announced that Paralympian (残奥会运动员) and surgeon John McFall has completed his training. He is now 41 qualified for an international space mission, becoming the first astronaut with a physical disability. John lost his leg at the age of 19 42 a serious motorbike accident. In a video interview 43 by the ESA, he talks about how he has always been 44 about science and space exploration, and how he didn’t think it was 45 for an amputee (截肢者) to become an astronaut. In 2022, he was 46 to take part in Fly!, ESA’s feasibility (可行性) study 47 the possibilities of someone physically challenged beginning a long-duration space mission. Following a two-year period of 48 research examining potential challenges, it was 49 that it was very much possible. Speaking in a recent media briefing for Fly! , John said, “I feel hugely 50 ... What’s really interesting is this isn’t about me, this is much bigger than that, because this is a 51 in traditional belief. This is something that has not been done before...” The next phase is “Mission Ready”, which will 52 making preparations for a safe and successful mission, if there should be a flight 53 . Though John hasn’t 54 a mission just yet, it marks a huge milestone for space travel and inclusivity, breaking 55 that go beyond Earth. 41．A．economically B．academically C．medically D．emotionally 42．A．following B．preventing C．avoiding D．witnessing 43．A．opposed B．justified C．quoted D．posted 44．A．particular B．passionate C．uncertain D．cautious 45．A．possible B．legal C．mature D．decent 46．A．forced B．threatened C．selected D．forbidden 47．A．displaying B．investigating C．dismissing D．negating 48．A．extensive B．contradictory C．theoretical D．random 49．A．estimated B．negotiated C．predicted D．concluded 50．A．proud B．guilty C．upset D．comfortable 51．A．shift B．friction C．intervention D．prejudice 52．A．resist B．advocate C．involve D．delay 53．A．guidance B．opportunity C．drill D．route 54．A．canceled out B．approved of C．carried out D．weighed up 55．A．habits B．promises C．rules D．barriers 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Food and nutrition have 56 (great) influenced space exploration missions. With the development of technology, attention is now being paid more to 57 (prepare) food for the microgravity environment, taking into account 58 (factor) like nutrient density (密度), shelf life, challenges, and applications. Space food products should be designed 59 (meet) the balanced nutritional requirements, and it is 60 great significance to provide humans with an adequate supply of fresh food to meet their nutritional needs, so there will be 61 (few) health risks connected with mental stress, microgravity, and radiation exposure from space. For short-term space missions, astronauts’ food could 62 (bring) from earth. Still, for long-term space missions to the Moon, Mars, and other distant missions, 63 are the current research destinations, astronauts must find a way to eat, such as by growing plants 64 finding other means of survival. Scientists and researchers are also attempting to develop novel food production technologies and space foods like 3D printing and space farming for 65 long-term space mission. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，上周你的美国笔友Carson发来邮件说想要与你探讨太空探索的未来。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示对该话题感兴趣； 2.表达对太空探索的未来的看法； 3. 期待更多交流。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Carson, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A Mysterious Encounter on the Moon Chinese astronauts Zhang Wei and Liu Mei, feeling proud to represent China’s space exploration, walked out of their lunar module onto the moon’s surface. The moon looked lonely and empty. The ground was covered with a thin layer of gray-white dust. Big craters (陨石坑) were all over the place. Some were as large as small towns on Earth. Their edges were sharp, like cuts on the moon. The sun was shining brightly, making strong, dark shadows. When they were doing their science work, collecting samples and setting up tools, something bad happened. Their communication device made a loud sharp noise, and they lost touch with Earth. Zhang Wei stopped suddenly, his eyes wide open in shock. Liu Mei’s hands shook a little as she tried to fix the device. Her face turned pale with worry. “What can we do?” Liu Mei asked in a low, nervous voice. But they knew they had to be brave and keep going. While they were moving forward, they found some strange, evenly-spaced (均匀间隔的) marks on the ground. These marks were different from the random dents (凹陷) made by meteors (陨石). Curious, they decided to follow the trail. The air was full of tension. and they walked carefully. After a while, they saw a faint, strange light coming from a deep valley far away. Their hearts were beating fast, a mix of fear and excitement. They looked at each other, full of doubt, and then decided to go closer. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space Exploration单元自测·提升卷 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．Where is the man? A．In the hotel. B．At the airport. C．In the company. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Keith, have you picked up Mr. Lopez at the airport? M: Yes. I’m helping him check into his room now, and I’ll drive him to our company later. 2．What is the conversation mainly about? A．The importance of garden art. B．The features of a night tour. C．The way to join a tour group. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Do you know Yuyuan Garden in Shanghai offers public night tours now? M: I didn’t know. What is special about the night tour? W: The night tour combines modern lighting and projection mapping shows with classical garden art. And the garden offers English-language guided services. 3．What gift did the man give Ron? A．A model plane. B．A comic book. C．A CD． 【答案】C 【原文】W: Dave, what birthday gift did you give Ron? You thought about buying a model plane or a comic book before. Which one did you finally choose? M: Neither. I gave him a CD by his favorite singer. 4．What will the speakers do first after work today? A．Have a meal. B．See a movie. C．Go shopping. 【答案】A 【原文】M: How about going to the movies after work today? W: Fine. But before that, let’s try the new burger place near our home. M: Alright. Maybe we could do some shopping after seeing the movie. W: Good idea! 5．What is the girl doing? A．Taking a class. B．Asking for leave. C．Buying medicine. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Daniel, I don’t feel quite right. M: Oh, you look pale. W: I need to stop running and ask the P.E. teacher for leave. M: Yes! You need to go to the medical room. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Which is the rule for the pet transport service? A．Each passenger is allowed to bring at most two pets. B．The pet must weigh no more than 15 kilograms. C．The pet must be under 50 centimeters tall. 7．What kind of animal is Bonnie? A．A cat. B．A pig. C．A dog. 【答案】6．B 7．B 【原文】M: China’s high-speed rail has introduced a new pet transport service. W: Are there any rules? M: Yes. One passenger can only bring one healthy pet, either a cat or a dog. The animal must weigh no more than 15 kilograms with a shoulder height under 40 centimeters. W: Perfect! I can take Mittens when I travel to Shanghai next month! But I wonder when I will be able to take Bonnie on a train. M: Pigs aren’t included yet, but who knows what’s next! 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．Which subject is the girl bad at? A．Geography. B．Biology. C．Physics. 9．What will the boy do tomorrow afternoon? A．Study with the girl. B．Take an exam. C．Visit his grandmother. 【答案】8．C 9．A 【原文】M: Final exams are coming! Which subject will you review first? W: I’ll start with my weak one. If I do well in the physics exam, I’ll definitely be in the top three of the class. M: You only have one weak subject, but I struggle with math, biology and geography. W: I’ll study at the City Library tomorrow. Would you like to join me? M: Sure, but I’ll go there in the afternoon. I need to visit my grandma in the morning. W: OK. I’ll be there the whole day. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10．Why will the man go to Nanxun Ancient Town? A．For a family visit. B．For his business. C．For sightseeing. 11．What does the man offer to do for the woman? A．Give her a ride. B．Help her pick a gift. C．Get her a train ticket. 12．When will the speakers meet? A．On May 2nd. B．On May 3rd. C．On May 4th. 【答案】10．C 11．A 12．C 【原文】W: I heard you’re going to explore an ancient town during the entire holiday. Which one is it? M: It’s Nanxun Ancient Town in Zhejiang Province. W: I grew up there. I know it like the back of my hand. I’m going back there to see my family during the holiday. M: Then can you be my tour guide? W: Sure. M: Perfect! I plan to drive there on May 2nd. Would you like to go in my car? W: No, thanks. I intend to buy gifts for my family then, so I’ll set off by high-speed train on May 3rd. We can meet on May 4th. M: It’s a deal! 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13．Why did the man originally stop exercising? A．He had a knee injury. B．He was busy with work. C．He lost interest in exercising. 14．What is the man’s problem? A．He has put on too much weight. B．He doesn’t have much energy. C．He has a poor memory. 15．Where does the man’s dog usually play? A．At the square. B．In the park. C．In the yard. 16．How does the woman describe the swimming lessons at Wesley’s gym? A．Popular. B．Cheap. C．Beginner-friendly. 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．B 【原文】W: Hey, Jake! How have you been lately? Still working out regularly? M: No. I’m a bit heavier than I used to be. I hurt my knee when playing basketball 2 months ago. The doctor said I needed rest, so I stopped exercising. W: How’s your knee now? M: It’s better, but I just never started exercising again. At first, it was because of the injury. Then I got busy with work. Now, I just feel lazy. W: I get it. But do you remember how good you felt after exercising? M: Sure. I slept better and had more energy. Now I feel tired all the time. W: Maybe start slow, like walking for 20 minutes a day. M: That sounds reasonable. And I can walk my dog in the park instead of just letting him play in the yard. W: And if your knee feels okay, try swimming. My friend Wesley runs a small gym near City Square. It’s not popular, but the swimming lessons are low in price. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．How did Wang know about the land in 2017? A．By flying a remote-controlled plane. B．By talking with a local villager. C．By watching a TV program. 18．What did Wang do before he started his own studio? A．A coffee farmer. B．A TV cameraman. C．A government official. 19．Why did Wang decide to make a documentary? A．To attract more tourists to Yunnan. B．To teach traditional coffee farming. C．To record and promote Yunnan coffee. 20．What was one of Wang’s goals in Shitizhai? A．To export the local coffee beans. B．To create a famous coffee brand. C．To restore the land’s natural power. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．C 20．C 【原文】 M: In 2017, when Wang Dayong flew a remote-controlled plane over Shitizhai, a village on the eastern part of the Gaoligong Mountains in Yunnan Province, he found a land with a rich coffee history. Wang left his job as a TV cameraman in 2013 and started a documentary studio in Shenzhen. He came to this mountainous area for a business trip. That’s how he learned about the once-thriving coffee history dating back to the 1920s. Wang, as a coffee-lover, decided to make a documentary, tracing China’s coffee history and bringing attention to the unique Yunnan coffee and its special place in the global market. At the same time, coffee drinking in China has grown a lot since 2018, creating new opportunities. This inspired Wang to leave behind his successful studio and settle in the remote mountains. He set three main goals for himself: restore the land’s natural power, reshape local coffee bean production, and promote the rural value. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Instant Expert: Wonders of Space Saturday 17th July, 10 a.m.-5 p.m. | Cavendish Conference Centre, London Join us for a day of exploring the wonders of outer space with six leading scientists. You will start where everything began, at the Big Bang. Throughout the day, you will hear about everything from the exploration to find life on Mars to the discovery of liveable planets outside our solar system. Who should attend? Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply an attracted human being, our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. Benefits of attending: ·Open your mind and be inspired. ·Talk with like-minded people through informal set-up. ·Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions. What’s included in your ticket: ·In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists. ·Buffet lunch, plus morning and afternoon drinks and snacks. ·An Instant Expert certificate provided by event organizers. Booking information: We will email you your ticket immediately after purchase. Please remember to bring your ticket with you as you’ll need it to gain entry. We can scan (扫描) tickets from a printout, or off the screen of a phone. A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available. 21．Who is the event intended for? A．Science students. B．Leading scientists. C．Space fans. D．Research experts. 22．What can participants expect from the event? A．Free meals throughout the day. B．Certificates from famous schools. C．Gatherings with event organizers. D．Face-to-face meetings with scientists. 23．What should people do if they want to save money? A．Choose digital tickets. B．Buy tickets quickly. C．Reserve tickets online. D．Print tickets in advance. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章讲述7月17日伦敦卡文迪什会议中心将举办“太空奇观”单日活动，6位顶尖科学家主讲，面向所有太空爱好者，含讲座、餐饮等，早鸟票有优惠。 21．推理判断题。根据Who should attend?部分“Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. (任何对太空奥秘感兴趣的人，无论年龄或背景如何。)”可知，该活动面向太空爱好者。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据Benefits of attending部分“Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions. (与我们的六位演讲者见面，提出你迫切想知道的问题。)”和What’s included in your ticket部分“In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists. (六位顶尖科学家带来深入且有趣的演讲。)”可知，参与者能与科学家面对面交流。故选D项。 23．细节理解题。根据Booking information部分“A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available. (我们将提供数量有限的早鸟折扣票，售价129英镑，可节省20英镑。若仍有剩余，可点击下方绿色“购买”按钮购买。)”可知，早鸟票数量有限，想省钱需尽快购票。故选B项。 B Frequent goodbyes to her family come hand-in-hand with Wang Yaping’s intensive training. This time, however, her goodbye has sparked joy in her 5-year-old daughter’s eyes as she is “shooting for the stars.” Known for broadcasting a 40-minute live lesson during her first space trip, she is very likely to draw global attention again during her second space mission. Wang was born in 1980 to a rural family in Shandong Province. “When I was young, my world was small,” Wang recalled. “My dream was much simpler: to go beyond the village and to pay back all that my parents had given me.” Her space dream started in 2003 when China sent Yang Liwei into space. “I watched the bright rocket flame on TV, and an idea flashed through my mind: China now has a male taikonaut, when will there be a female one?” Wang said. After racking up safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang became a strong candidate (候选人) for China’s first flight by a female taikonaut. However, she did not pass her final tests. Wang did not lose heart but pushed forward even harder. She always ran three laps more than others in physical courses; she volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male partners during desert survival training, and she asked to train in the pressure chamber for an extra 30 minutes each time. “You can’t catch a break simply for being a woman,” she said. Her efforts were not in vain. Wang became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013. And more notably, she earned the title of China’s first space teacher after giving a lecture to students from an orbit more than 300 km above the Earth’s surface. Liu Cixin, China’s famous sci-fi writer and Hugo Award winner, said Wang’s lesson was like a “brush,” which painted a space world for children that is different from Earth. 24．What do we know about Wang Yaping? A．She is the first Chinese woman to enter space. B．She went to space just for a lecture in 2013. C．She is the first Chinese to give a lesson in space. D．She dreamed to pay back her hometown as a child. 25．How did Wang Yaping react in the face of failure? A．She was puzzled about her future for a period. B．She felt down completely under great pressure. C．She volunteered for heavier tasks than men. D．She strengthened herself through hard practice. 26．Which of the following can best describe Wang Yaping according to the text? A．Learned and generous. B．Wise and cooperative. C．Honest and ambitious. D．Determined and hard-working. 27．Why does the author mention Liu Cixin in the last paragraph? A．To compare Wang Yaping with him. B．To show his opinion on Wang’s space lesson. C．To explain how Wang became famous. D．To describe his award-winning novels. 【答案】24．C 25．D 26．D 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了中国航天员王亚平的成长经历、太空梦想的起源、追梦过程中的坚持与努力，以及她作为“太空教师”取得的成就。 24．细节理解题。根据原文第五段“And more notably, she earned the title of China’s first space teacher after giving a lecture to students from an orbit more than 300 km above the Earth’s surface.(更值得注意的是，她在距地球表面300多公里的轨道上为学生授课后，获得了中国首位太空教师的称号)” 可知，王亚平是中国第一位在太空授课的人，故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Wang did not lose heart but pushed forward even harder. She always ran three laps more than others in physical courses; she volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male partners during desert survival training, and she asked to train in the pressure chamber for an extra 30 minutes each time.(王亚平没有灰心，反而更加努力地前进。她在体能课上总是比别人多跑三圈；在沙漠生存训练中，她自愿和男队员执行相同标准；每次在压力舱训练时，她都要求多练30分钟)” 可知，面对失败，王亚平通过刻苦训练强化自己，故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据原文第四段“However, she did not pass her final tests. Wang did not lose heart but pushed forward even harder. She always ran three laps more than others in physical courses; she volunteered to be held to the same standards as her male partners during desert survival training, and she asked to train in the pressure chamber for an extra 30 minutes each time.(然而，她没有通过最终测试。王亚平没有灰心，反而更加努力地前进。她在体能课上总是比别人多跑三圈；在沙漠生存训练中，她自愿和男队员执行相同标准；每次在压力舱训练时，她都要求多练30分钟)”及第五段“Her efforts were not in vain. Wang became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013.(她的努力没有白费。她于2013年成为神舟十号太空任务的一名机组成员)”可知，她失败后不气馁、加倍训练，多年坚持追梦并最终实现目标，可推知王亚平兼具 “意志力坚定”和“勤奋刻苦”的品质，故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“Liu Cixin, China’s famous sci-fi writer and Hugo Award winner, said Wang’s lesson was like a “brush,” which painted a space world for children that is different from Earth.(中国著名科幻作家、雨果奖得主刘慈欣表示，王亚平的太空课就像一支 “画笔”，为孩子们描绘了一个与地球不同的太空世界)” 可知，作者提及刘慈欣是为了呈现他对王亚平太空课的评价，故选B。 C The increasing frequency of rocket launches is crowding the region of space closest to Earth, known as low-Earth orbit — a zone that is already peppered with tens of thousands of bits of decades-old hardware. Experts warn that the danger posed by all this space junk is rising sharply. In recent years, debris has fallen on countries across the globe. Aside from falling to Earth, objects may also smash into each other in orbit, generating even more debris (碎片). Scientists also point to the potential danger to commercial aviation, as well as the pollution caused by debris burning up in the atmosphere. To tackle the growing problem, various strategies have been put forward for cleaning up low-Earth orbit. A Japanese company recently debuted a prototype for a kind of “space garbage truck” that it hopes can retrieve (取回) inactive satellites from orbit. A Swiss company cooperating with the European Space Agency is planning similar retrieval missions. Another solution, in the short term at least, is to boost objects to higher orbits, where they lead to less of a danger. In 2022, a Chinese mission boosted an inactive BeiDou navigation satellite into a higher and less crowded zone. A longer-term solution would involve recycling such objects—and some of that recycling can happen in orbit, astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell says. “At some point we’re going to have to move from disposing of old satellites in the atmosphere to taking them to recycling stations where their parts get reused for new satellites, and we actually do some of the manufacturing (制造) in orbit.” Moriba Jah, a space scientist, calls this the “circular space economy”, and the European Space Agency suggests it can be achieved by 2050. Another seemingly simple idea is to make satellites more durable. “The message that I keep trying to deliver to anybody who will listen is: We need to have fewer satellites with longer operational lifetimes,” says astronomer Samantha Lawler. “Anything that you can do to make your satellites last longer and to use fewer of them — that is the engineering challenge that we are now facing, and I don’t see anyone really taking that up.” 28．The word “peppered with” in the first paragraph probably means ______. A．separated with B．protected with C．filled with D．cleaned of 29．What solution is mentioned as a short-term measure to deal with space junk? A．Developing “space garbage trucks”. B．Launching objects to higher orbits. C．Recycling old space objects. D．Reduce rocket launches. 30．What is Samantha Lawler’s suggestion about ______. A．Potential application of satellites. B．Choice of new launching technology. C．Possible direction for further cooperation D．Need to improve engineering. 31．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The causes of space junk and its effects on earth. B．Different strategies to solve the problem of crowded low-Earth orbit. C．The development of space technology in different countries. D．The importance of international cooperation in space exploration. 【答案】28．C 29．B 30．D 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍近地轨道空间垃圾问题及各国提出的短期、长期解决策略。 28．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“The increasing frequency of rocket launches is crowding the region of space closest to Earth, known as low — Earth orbit — a zone that is already peppered with tens of thousands of bits of decades-old hardware.(火箭发射频率的增加正使离地球最近的空间区域——即近地轨道——变得拥挤，这个区域早已peppered with了数以万计的数十年前的硬件碎片)”可知，根据“crowding”可知，近地轨道充满大量垃圾， 划线词为“充满”的意思。故选C项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Another solution, in the short term at least, is to boost objects to higher orbits, where they lead to less of a danger.(至少在短期内，另一个解决方案是将物体推到更高的轨道，在那里它们造成的危险更小)”可知，“将物体发射到更高轨道”是文中提到的短期应对措施。故选B项。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的““Anything that you can do to make your satellites last longer and to use fewer of them — that is the engineering challenge that we are now facing, and I don’t see anyone really taking that up.(“任何能让卫星使用寿命更长、使用数量更少的方法——都是我们现在面临的工程挑战，而且我没看到有人真正着手解决这个问题”）”可知，萨曼莎·劳勒强调“需要改进工程技术”以应对卫星寿命和数量的问题。故选D项。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段提出“近地轨道拥挤、空间垃圾危险加剧”的问题；第二段介绍“太空垃圾车”“推至更高轨道”等短期解决方案；第三段提及“轨道回收利用”的长期方案；第四段建议“提高卫星耐用性”。全文核心围绕“解决近地轨道拥挤问题的不同策略”展开。故选B项。 D As “The Martian”, Sir Ridley Scott’s film based on Andy Weir’s book, reaches its most exciting part, the world watches attempts to save Mark Watney, a NASA astronaut left alone on Mars, while holding its breath. All of humankind seems united in worry for a single life; crowds in America, Europe and China closely follow news reports about the efforts to bring him home. The topic of a recent NASA press conference was strangely similar. Scientists announced the discovery of a “potential biosignature”, a possible sign of life, in a Martian rock sample. According to NASA’s acting leader, this could be “the clearest sign of life that we’ve ever found on Mars.” The sample has been sealed in a metal container, for future study. Unfortunately, those advanced instruments are on Earth, while the precious sample remains on Mars. The rock comes from Jezero, a huge hole on the red planet’s surface, where a Mars vehicle landed four and a half years ago. Scientists identified distinctive rock formations in a valley, naming one particular sample “Sapphire Canyon.” Analysis shows it contains organic molecules (分子), carbon-based materials, and unusual mineral formations that appear to have grown within the rock. These features contain minerals that underwent chemical reactions similar to those produced by bacteria (细菌) on Earth. While organic molecules don’t necessarily indicate life, their presence along with these special features makes this finding particularly significant. The discovery represents the strongest potential evidence of life ever found on Mars. However, returning the sample to Earth presents enormous challenges. NASA has cancelled the mission to bring these samples back to earth due to budget issues. Bringing samples from Mars requires complex operations including a Mars launch vehicle, and a return spacecraft. Although private companies claim they could achieve this at lower cost, and China is planning its own sample-return mission, international cooperation remains unlikely. For now, this exciting discovery must await future technology or missions to reveal its secrets. 32．Why does the author mention the movie in Paragraph.1? A．To praise director Ridley Scott. B．To show public interest in Mars. C．To introduce Andy Weir’s novel. D．To lead to NASA’s announcement. 33．What makes the finding particularly significant? A．The rock contains carbon-based materials. B．The rock shows unusual mineral formations. C．The rock comes from Sapphire Canyon in Jezero. D．The rock holds organic bits and bacteria-like minerals. 34．What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on? A．NASA’s budget issues. B．Private companies’ claims. C．Technology for future missions. D．Challenges of bringing the sample home. 35．What would be the best title for this passage? A．A Movie: Inspiring Mars Exploration. B．Discovery: Organic Molecules on Mars. C．Mars Sample: Discovery and Return Challenges. D．Cooperation: International Efforts for Sample Return. 【答案】32．D 33．D 34．D 35．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章借电影《火星救援》引入，介绍NASA在火星岩石样本中发现潜在生命迹象，说明其意义，同时指出样本返回地球面临预算、技术等挑战，暂难揭秘。 32．推理判断题。根据第一段“As “The Martian”, Sir Ridley Scott’s film based on Andy Weir’s book, reaches its most exciting part, the world watches attempts to save Mark Watney, a NASA astronaut left alone on Mars, while holding its breath. All of humankind seems united in worry for a single life; crowds in America, Europe and China closely follow news reports about the efforts to bring him home.(在雷德利·斯科特爵士执导的这部根据安迪·韦尔所著小说改编的《火星救援》影片达到其最扣人心弦的时刻时，全世界都在关注着拯救马克·瓦特尼的努力——这位被独自留在火星上的美国宇航员。人们屏住呼吸，全神贯注地注视着这一切。整个人类似乎都为这一条生命而忧心忡忡；美国、欧洲和中国的民众都密切关注着有关将他带回地球的救援行动的新闻报道)”以及第二段“The topic of a recent NASA press conference was strangely similar. Scientists announced the discovery of a “potential biosignature”, a possible sign of life, in a Martian rock sample.(最近美国国家航空航天局的一场新闻发布会上所讨论的主题颇为相似。科学家们宣布在一块火星岩石样本中发现了“潜在的生物特征”，即可能存在的生命迹象)”可知，作者在第一段中提及这部电影是为了以此引出美国国家航空航天局的公告。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Analysis shows it contains organic molecules (分子), carbon-based materials, and unusual mineral formations that appear to have grown within the rock. These features contain minerals that underwent chemical reactions similar to those produced by bacteria (细菌) on Earth. While organic molecules don’t necessarily indicate life, their presence along with these special features makes this finding particularly significant. The discovery represents the strongest potential evidence of life ever found on Mars.(分析表明，该岩石中含有有机分子、碳基材料以及一些看似在岩石内部生长形成的奇特矿物质结构。这些矿物质经过的化学反应与地球上细菌产生的反应类似。虽然有机分子并不一定意味着存在生命，但它们的存在以及这些特殊特征使得这一发现具有特别重要的意义。这一发现是迄今为止在火星上发现的最具潜在生命迹象的证据)”可知，这一发现具有特别重要的意义是因为这块岩石中含有有机物质和类似细菌的矿物质。故选D。 34．主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, returning the sample to Earth presents enormous challenges. NASA has cancelled the mission to bring these samples back to earth due to budget issues. Bringing samples from Mars requires complex operations including a Mars launch vehicle, and a return spacecraft. Although private companies claim they could achieve this at lower cost, and China is planning its own sample-return mission, international cooperation remains unlikely. For now, this exciting discovery must await future technology or missions to reveal its secrets.(然而，将样本带回地球面临着巨大的挑战。由于预算问题，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）已取消了将这些样本带回地球的计划。从火星带回样本需要复杂的操作，包括一枚火星运载火箭和一艘返回飞船。尽管一些私营公司声称他们能够以更低的成本实现这一目标，而且中国也在规划自己的样本带回任务，但国际合作仍不太可能实现。目前，这一令人兴奋的发现只能等待未来的技术或任务来揭开其秘密)”可知，第4段主要关注将样本带回家所面临的挑战。故选D。 35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The topic of a recent NASA press conference was strangely similar. Scientists announced the discovery of a “potential biosignature”, a possible sign of life, in a Martian rock sample.(最近美国国家航空航天局的一场新闻发布会上所讨论的主题颇为相似。科学家们宣布在一块火星岩石样本中发现了“潜在的生物特征”，即可能存在的生命迹象)”结合文章借电影《火星救援》引入，介绍NASA在火星岩石样本中发现潜在生命迹象，说明其意义，同时指出样本返回地球面临预算、技术等挑战，暂难揭秘。可知，C选项“火星样本：发现与带回的挑战”最符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Astronauts on the International Space Station often spend 6 to 12 months in space. It is hard to stay inside the space station all that time, but they still need to do their everyday living, such as working, eating, and exercising with limited resources. Imagine you are an astronaut on the space station right now. 36 Keep learning Astronauts are constantly learning. They do all the science experiments that need to happen on the space station. Most of the time, these experiments were designed by scientists. 37 Astronauts also need to learn how to operate parts of the space station, such as the robotic arm. Do exercise 38 One way they do this is by running on a designed treadmill (跑步机), which could hold them down so they won’t float away. You can keep your muscles strong, too. Do some push ups, sit ups or jo g so that you’ll be strong enough when you can go exploring. Observe Earth Astronauts love to take pictures and videos of Earth from the window of the space station. 39 You can take pictures from your window, too. Think about what makes your street and city special and take notes of the patterns you see. Stay in touch Astronauts keep in touch with their families by email and video-conference. You can keep in touch with your family and friends in the same way. Make a list of the friends and relatives you want to stay in touch with and contact with a few every day. 40 A．What do you know about astronauts? B．What activities would you do in space? C．They will be glad to know you are thinking about them. D．Astronauts need to keep their muscles strong to stay healthy. E．Astronauts are learning how to grow food on the space station. F．So they need to learn about the science by following the right steps provided. G．Seeing Earth in a new way gets them thinking about what makes our planet unique. 【答案】36．B 37．F 38．D 39．G 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员可以在太空中所进行的四种活动。 36．空前“It is hard to stay inside the space station all that time, but they still need to do their everyday living, such as working, eating, and exercising with limited resources. Imagine you are an astronaut on the space station right now.(一直呆在空间站里是很困难的，但他们仍然需要用有限的资源来完成日常生活，比如工作、吃饭和锻炼。想象你现在是空间站上的一名宇航员。)”提到了宇航员在太空中使用有限的资源所进行的日常活动，下文则讲述了四项可以在太空上做的具体活动。由此可推知，设空处起到引出下文的作用，并与太空中的活动相关。分析选项，B项“你在太空可以做什么活动？”为特殊疑问句，能够引出下文内容；且其中的“activities”和“in space”与太空中所进行的活动相关。故选B项。 37．空前“They do all the science experiments that need to happen on the space station. Most of the time, these experiments were designed by scientists.(他们做所有需要在空间站上进行的科学实验。大多数时候，这些实验都是由科学家设计的。)”提到了宇航员需要在太空站做实验，而这些实验大部分是由科学家们设计的；空后“Astronauts also need to learn how to operate parts of the space station, such as the robotic arm.(宇航员还需要学习如何操作空间站的一些部件，比如机械臂。)”则讲到宇航员们还需要学习如何操作空间站的一些部件。由此可推知，设空处应起到承上启下的作用，并与太空科学实验及宇航员需要学习的内容相关，E项“宇航员正在学习如何在空间站上种植食物”和F项“因此，他们需要按照提供的正确步骤来学习科学知识”都与宇航员的学习内容相关。E项与太空科学实验无关，故排除。F项中的“science”与空前的“science”和“scientists”相呼应，且空后句中的“learn”为该项中“learn”的同词复现。故选F项。 38．根据本段小标题“Do exercise(做运动)”可知，本段主要讲述和运动相关的内容。设空处位于段首，应起到总结全段或引起下文的作用，且与运动的内容相关。D项“宇航员需要保持肌肉强壮以保持健康。”与运动相关，且与下文内容“One way they do this is by running on a designed treadmill(跑步机), which could hold them down so they won't float away. You can keep your muscles strong, too. (其中一种方法是在一个专门设计的跑步机上跑步，这个跑步机可以固定住他们，这样他们就不会飘走。你也可以保持你的肌肉强壮。)”衔接紧密，其中的“keep their muscles strong to stay healthy”与空后的“keep your muscles strong”相呼应。故选D项。 39．空前“Astronauts love to take pictures and videos of Earth from the window of the space station.(宇航员喜欢从空间站的窗口拍摄地球的照片和视频。)”提到宇航员从空间站的窗口拍摄地球，空后“You can take pictures from your window, too. Think about what makes your street and city special and take notes of the patterns you see.(你也可以从你的窗户拍照。想想是什么让你的街道和城市变得特别，并记下你看到的模式。)”则讲述了从窗户里拍照并思考是什么让你所在的街道和城市变得特别。由此可推知，设空处应承上启下，且与思考的内容相关。G项“以一种新的方式看待地球让他们思考是什么让我们的星球与众不同。”与上下文联系紧密，且其中的“Seeing Earth in a new way”指的是上文提到的从空间站的窗口拍摄地球照片和视频的这种方法，“thinking about”和“unique”分别与下文中的“Think about”和“special”相呼应。故选G项。 40．空前“Make a list of the friends and relatives you want to stay in touch with and contact with a few every day.(把你想要保持联系的朋友和亲戚列一个清单，每天和其中一些人联系。)”提到列出想要保持联系的朋友和亲戚，每天和其中一些人联系。设空处位于段尾，应起到承接上文或总结全段的作用，且与和他人保持联系相关。C项“他们会很高兴知道你在想着他们。”与和他人保持联系相关，且其中的“They”指代的是前句中的“the friends and relatives”。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In a historic milestone for space exploration, the European Space Agency (ESA) has announced that Paralympian (残奥会运动员) and surgeon John McFall has completed his training. He is now 41 qualified for an international space mission, becoming the first astronaut with a physical disability. John lost his leg at the age of 19 42 a serious motorbike accident. In a video interview 43 by the ESA, he talks about how he has always been 44 about science and space exploration, and how he didn’t think it was 45 for an amputee (截肢者) to become an astronaut. In 2022, he was 46 to take part in Fly!, ESA’s feasibility (可行性) study 47 the possibilities of someone physically challenged beginning a long-duration space mission. Following a two-year period of 48 research examining potential challenges, it was 49 that it was very much possible. Speaking in a recent media briefing for Fly! , John said, “I feel hugely 50 ... What’s really interesting is this isn’t about me, this is much bigger than that, because this is a 51 in traditional belief. This is something that has not been done before...” The next phase is “Mission Ready”, which will 52 making preparations for a safe and successful mission, if there should be a flight 53 . Though John hasn’t 54 a mission just yet, it marks a huge milestone for space travel and inclusivity, breaking 55 that go beyond Earth. 41．A．economically B．academically C．medically D．emotionally 42．A．following B．preventing C．avoiding D．witnessing 43．A．opposed B．justified C．quoted D．posted 44．A．particular B．passionate C．uncertain D．cautious 45．A．possible B．legal C．mature D．decent 46．A．forced B．threatened C．selected D．forbidden 47．A．displaying B．investigating C．dismissing D．negating 48．A．extensive B．contradictory C．theoretical D．random 49．A．estimated B．negotiated C．predicted D．concluded 50．A．proud B．guilty C．upset D．comfortable 51．A．shift B．friction C．intervention D．prejudice 52．A．resist B．advocate C．involve D．delay 53．A．guidance B．opportunity C．drill D．route 54．A．canceled out B．approved of C．carried out D．weighed up 55．A．habits B．promises C．rules D．barriers 【答案】 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．A 51．A 52．C 53．B 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残奥运动员约翰·麦克福尔成为首位身体有残疾的宇航员的故事。 41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他现在已具备医学资格，可以参加国际太空任务，成为首位有身体残疾的宇航员。A. economically经济上；B. academically学术上；C. medically医学上；D. emotionally情感上。根据上文“Paralympian (残奥会运动员) and surgeon John McFall has completed his training”及语境可知，成为宇航员需要通过医学方面的资格认证，且John作为截肢者，此处强调其身体条件通过医学评估。故选C。 42．考查动词和介词词义辨析。句意：John在19岁时在一场严重的摩托车事故后失去了一条腿。A. following在……之后（介词）；B. preventing阻止；C. avoiding避免；D. witnessing目击。根据下文“a serious motorbike accident”可知，事故发生后导致截肢，因此用following表示“在……之后”表示时间先后关系。故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在欧洲航天局发布的一段视频采访中，他谈到了自己一直对科学和太空探索充满热情，以及他从未想过截肢者能成为宇航员。A. opposed反对；B. justified证明……有理；C. quoted引用；D. posted发布。根据句意及下文“by the ESA”可知，视频采访是被欧洲航天局发布的。故选D。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. particular特别的；B. passionate热情的；C. uncertain不确定的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据下文“about science and space exploration”及他最终成为宇航员的事实可知，John对科学和太空探索有热情。故选B。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. possible可能的；B. legal合法的；C. mature成熟的；D. decent得体的。根据下文“for an amputee (截肢者) to become an astronaut”可知，John从未想过截肢者能成为宇航员，即他认为这是不可能的。故选A。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年，他被选中参加欧洲航天局的可行性研究“Fly!”，该研究调查了身体有挑战的人开始长期太空任务的可能性。A. forced强迫；B. threatened威胁；C. selected选择；D. forbidden禁止。根据下文“to take part in Fly!”可知，John被选中参加研究。故选C。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. displaying展示；B. investigating调查；C. dismissing解雇；D. negating否定。根据上文“feasibility (可行性) study”可知，研究的目的是调查可能性。故选B。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过两年的广泛研究，考察了潜在挑战，研究得出结论，这是完全可能的。A. extensive广泛的；B. contradictory矛盾的；C. theoretical理论的；D. random随机的。根据上文“a two-year period”及下文“examining potential challenges”可知，研究持续时间长且全面，考察了潜在挑战，因此是广泛的。故选A。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. estimated估计；B. negotiated谈判；C. predicted预测；D. concluded得出结论。根据上文“Following a two-year period of 8 research”及下文“that it was very much possible”可知，研究之后得出了结论。故选D。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一次“Fly!”项目的媒体简报会上，John说：“我感到非常自豪……真正有趣的是，这不仅仅关乎我个人，这比那要大得多，因为这是对传统观念的一次转变。”A. proud自豪的；B. guilty内疚的；C. upset沮丧的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据上文“becoming the first astronaut with a physical disability”可知，他成为首位残疾宇航员，这是值得自豪的事。故选A。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shift转变；B. friction摩擦；C. intervention干预；D. prejudice偏见。根据下文“This is something that has not been done before”可知，他的成功打破了传统观念，是一种转变。故选A。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：下一阶段是“任务准备”，如果有飞行机会，该阶段将包括为安全成功的任务做准备。A. resist抵抗；B. advocate提倡；C. involve涉及；D. delay延迟。根据下文“making preparations for a safe and successful mission”可知，这是“任务准备”阶段的具体内容，即下一阶段涉及为任务做准备。故选C。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. guidance指导；B. opportunity机会；C. drill演习；D. route路线。根据上文“if there should be a flight”可知，此处指存在飞行机会时。故选B。 54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然John还没有执行过任务，但这标志着太空旅行和包容性的巨大里程碑，打破了超越地球的障碍。A. canceled out抵消；B. approved of批准；C. carried out执行；D. weighed up权衡。根据下文“a mission just yet”可知，此处指尚未执行任务。故选C。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. habits习惯；B. promises承诺；C. rules规则；D. barriers障碍。根据上文“this is a 11 in traditional belief. This is something that has not been done before”可知，他的成功打破了障碍。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Food and nutrition have 56 (great) influenced space exploration missions. With the development of technology, attention is now being paid more to 57 (prepare) food for the microgravity environment, taking into account 58 (factor) like nutrient density (密度), shelf life, challenges, and applications. Space food products should be designed 59 (meet) the balanced nutritional requirements, and it is 60 great significance to provide humans with an adequate supply of fresh food to meet their nutritional needs, so there will be 61 (few) health risks connected with mental stress, microgravity, and radiation exposure from space. For short-term space missions, astronauts’ food could 62 (bring) from earth. Still, for long-term space missions to the Moon, Mars, and other distant missions, 63 are the current research destinations, astronauts must find a way to eat, such as by growing plants 64 finding other means of survival. Scientists and researchers are also attempting to develop novel food production technologies and space foods like 3D printing and space farming for 65 long-term space mission. 【答案】 56．greatly 57．preparing 58．factors 59．to meet 60．of 61．fewer 62．be brought 63．which 64．or 65．the 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空食品需满足营养与保存要求，短期任务依赖地球补给，长期任务则需开发种植技术与新型食品生产技术。 56．考查副词。句意：食品与营养极大地影响了太空探索任务。空处修饰动词influenced，应用副词greatly，意为“极大地”。故填greatly。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着科技发展，人们更加关注为微重力环境制备食物，需考虑营养密度、保质期、挑战和应用等因素。短语pay attention to doing意为“关注做某事”，空处应用prepare“准备”的动名词形式。故填preparing。 58．考查名词复数。句意：随着科技发展，人们更加关注为微重力环境制备食物，需考虑营养密度、保质期、挑战和应用等因素。空处作taking的宾语，结合空后的列举“like nutrient density (密度), shelf life, challenges, and applications”可知，可数名词factor“因素”需用复数形式。故填factors。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：太空食品的设计应满足均衡的营养需求，为人类提供充足的新鲜食物以满足其营养需求具有重要意义，因此与精神压力、微重力和空间辐射暴露有关的健康风险将会减少。短语be designed to do意为“被设计用于做某事，目的是做某事”，空处应用meet“满足”的不定式形式。故填to meet。 60．考查介词。句意：太空食品的设计应满足均衡的营养需求，为人类提供充足的新鲜食物以满足其营养需求具有重要意义，因此与精神压力、微重力和空间辐射暴露有关的健康风险将会减少。be of great significance固定搭配，表示“很重要”。故填of。 61．考查比较级。句意：太空食品的设计应满足均衡的营养需求，为人类提供充足的新鲜食物以满足其营养需求具有重要意义，因此与精神压力、微重力和空间辐射暴露有关的健康风险将会减少。空处修饰名词短语health risks，结合前面的“to provide humans with an adequate supply of fresh food to meet their nutritional needs”可知，此处隐含比较，指“更少的健康风险”，空处应用few的比较级形式。故填fewer。 62．考查动词语态。句意：短期太空任务中，宇航员食物可从地球携带。空处和could构成谓语，bring“携带”和主语astronauts’ food之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词could后接动词原形。故填be brought。 63．考查定语从句。句意：尽管如此，对于月球、火星和其他遥远的太空任务，也就是目前的研究目标来说，宇航员必须找到一种饮食的方式，比如种植植物或寻找其他生存手段。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词long-term space missions to the Moon, Mars, and other distant missions作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 64．考查连词。句意：尽管如此，对于月球、火星和其他遥远的太空任务，也就是目前的研究目标来说，宇航员必须找到一种饮食的方式，比如种植植物或寻找其他生存手段。空处连接动名词短语growing plants和finding other means，两种方式之间是选择关系，空处应用意为“或”的并列连词or。故填or。 65．考查冠词。句意：科学家和研究人员也在尝试为长期太空任务开发新的食品生产技术和太空食品，如3D打印和太空农业。此处特指前文提到的“长期太空任务”，空处使用定冠词the表示特定对象。故填the。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，上周你的美国笔友Carson发来邮件说想要与你探讨太空探索的未来。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示对该话题感兴趣； 2.表达对太空探索的未来的看法； 3. 期待更多交流。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Carson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Carson, I’m glad to receive your e-mail and interested in the future of space exploration too. In my opinion, more and more private companies from around the world will invent new generations of spaceships, which will reduce the cost of sending humans into space. In addition, we will see the next generation of moonwalkers, as well as the development of new technology that will help us better explore outer space. Nations should join hands in space exploration. I hope we will further our discussions about the topic and share the latest news and information. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友Carson回信，探讨太空探索的未来，表达对该话题的兴趣、对未来的看法，并期待更多交流。 【详解】1.词汇积累 依我之见，在我看来：In my opinion → As far as I’m concerned 减少：decrease → reduce 话题，主题：topic → theme 探索：probe → explore 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m glad to receive your e-mail and interested in the future of space exploration too. 拓展句：I’m glad that I can receive your e-mail and I am interested in the future of space exploration too. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In my opinion, more and more private companies from around the world will invent new generations of spaceships, which will reduce the cost of sending humans into space.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I hope we will further our discussions about the topic and share the latest news and information.(运用了省略关系代词that的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 A Mysterious Encounter on the Moon Chinese astronauts Zhang Wei and Liu Mei, feeling proud to represent China’s space exploration, walked out of their lunar module onto the moon’s surface. The moon looked lonely and empty. The ground was covered with a thin layer of gray-white dust. Big craters (陨石坑) were all over the place. Some were as large as small towns on Earth. Their edges were sharp, like cuts on the moon. The sun was shining brightly, making strong, dark shadows. When they were doing their science work, collecting samples and setting up tools, something bad happened. Their communication device made a loud sharp noise, and they lost touch with Earth. Zhang Wei stopped suddenly, his eyes wide open in shock. Liu Mei’s hands shook a little as she tried to fix the device. Her face turned pale with worry. “What can we do?” Liu Mei asked in a low, nervous voice. But they knew they had to be brave and keep going. While they were moving forward, they found some strange, evenly-spaced (均匀间隔的) marks on the ground. These marks were different from the random dents (凹陷) made by meteors (陨石). Curious, they decided to follow the trail. The air was full of tension. and they walked carefully. After a while, they saw a faint, strange light coming from a deep valley far away. Their hearts were beating fast, a mix of fear and excitement. They looked at each other, full of doubt, and then decided to go closer. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. The symbols were unlike anything they had ever seen, glowing faintly in the dim light. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei exchanged puzzled glances, their curiosity piqued. They moved closer to examine the symbols, noticing intricate patterns that seemed to convey some sort of message. The room was filled with a soft hum, adding to the mystery of the place. They decided to take pictures and make notes, hoping to decipher the meaning later. Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. It was a soft, melodic sound, echoing through the room. At first, they couldn’t make out any words, but as they listened more closely, they began to pick up on a rhythm and tone. It was as if the voice was using music to communicate. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei looked at each other in amazement, their fear gradually being replaced by fascination. They tried to respond with their own voices, mimicking the rhythm, and to their surprise, the voice seemed to react, becoming more distinct. They realized they might have just made contact with something unknown on the moon. 【导语】故事以人物为线索展开，讲述了中国宇航员张伟和刘梅在月球上的一次神秘遭遇。他们代表中国进行太空探索，走出登月舱，踏上月球表面。在执行科学任务、收集样本和设置工具时，他们的通信设备突然出现故障，与地球失去联系。面对这一突发情况，他们保持勇敢，继续前行。在行进过程中，他们发现了一些奇怪且均匀间隔的标记，这些标记与陨石撞击形成的随机凹陷不同。出于好奇，他们决定跟随这些标记探寻。随后，他们在远处的一个深谷中看到了一束微弱而奇怪的光。心中既害怕又兴奋，他们相互对视，满怀疑惑，但最终还是决定靠近一探究竟。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“当他们走进那座闪闪发光的建筑时，墙上的许多奇怪符号立刻吸引了他们的目光。”可知，第一段可描写这些符号的特征以及他们走近拍照方便以后研究。 ②由第二段首句内容“那个声音似乎在试图与他们交流。”可知，第二顿可描写他们与那个声音交流的过程以及感悟 2.续写线索：靠近符号——听到声音——拍照做笔记——尝试与声音交流——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①充满：be filled with/be full of ②决定做某事：decide to do/determine to do ③代替：replace/take the place of ④意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①困惑的：puzzled/confused ②害怕：fear/fright 【点睛】[高分句型1] They moved closer to examine the symbols, noticing intricate patterns that seemed to convey some sort of message.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] They realized they might have just made contact with something unknown on the moon.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $