Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites（重难词汇精练）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、单词拼写 1 题型二、单句语法填空 1 题型三、用所给短语的适当形式填空 2 题型四、完成句子 2 综合攻坚·能力跃升 3 题型一、语篇语法填空 3 题型二、应用文写作 3 题型一、单词拼写 1．There is evidence that the solar wind was more (强烈的) in the past. 2．He used his (不可思议的) sense of humour to lift my spirits. 3．When she was young, she worked as a call center (接线员) to make ends meet. 4．Our knowledgeable local guide told us a lot about the Inca c (文明) and its mysterious history. 5．Opportunities are always r (保留) for those who are prepared. 6．Each student was a a different topic for their research paper to ensure a variety of perspectives. 7．Taking the (主动性) to help others is a sign of leadership. 8．He continued to p   (追求) his goal of becoming an actor. 9．The sign clearly states that smoking is (禁止) in this area to ensure a healthy environment. 10．She is the (建筑师) of her own success, having worked tirelessly to build her career. 题型二、单句语法填空 1．“Hanfu has a unique beauty as its design (showcase) distinct Chinese style,” she told Xinhua. 2．She found all her furniture (ruin) by the flood. 3．The next day in the exam, these hard questions she was afraid of (emerge). 4．Due to his cheating behavior, he (ban) from national examinations for the next five years. 5．Impressed by its efficiency, UNESCO has recognized its (ecology) importance since its inclusion in the World Heritage Irrigation Structures list in 2016. 6．The research data is worth (assess) carefully before drawing conclusions. 7．Don’t forget (submit) your report on traditional craft protection before the deadline. 8．The aim of this initiative is to encourage (cooperate) and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. 9．Many citizens are opposed to (forecast) urban development solely based on AI system, fearing it would ignore human needs. 10．... in our free time we can sculpt a (sculpt) and paint a painting, ... 11．Within the ant colony, the complex (divide) of labor, which comes from a natural drive, guides all tasks from searching for food to caring for the young. 12．My heart was almost (tear) apart after she said those words. 13．He had his study (interrupt) when the war broke out. 14．You can never imagine the (violent)of his anger the other day. 15．There is an (urge) need for doctors in these mountain villages. 题型三、 用所给短语的适当形式填空 in urgent need of protection for instance on purpose give rise to take … as an example global warming for the benefit of … raise public awareness of be impressed with … be ignorant of in recognition of With the rapid development of industry, 1. ______ has become a serious global problem, which 2. ______ a series of environmental issues. Many wild animals are 3. ______ because their habitats are being destroyed. 4. ______, the polar bear, whose living space is shrinking due to melting ice, is one of the typical victims. Some people hunt rare animals 5. ______ to make profits, while others just 6. ______ the importance of wildlife protection. To solve these problems, we should 7. ______ environmental protection and take effective measures. We can 8. ______ the "Low-carbon Day" 9. ______ to advocate energy-saving lifestyles. Last year, a student group organized a voluntary activity to protect wetlands. The local government awarded them a certificate 10. ______ their contributions. All the participants said they 11. ______ the beauty of nature during the activity and would continue to act 12. ______ all living things. 题型四、完成句子 1．欣赏本国的文化遗产对于了解自己的国家非常重要。 is very important for understanding one’s own country. 2．无论遇到多少困难，她总会追求成为著名歌手的梦想。 No matter how many difficulties she meets, she will always .  3．当地政府已采取措施，通过严格的保护政策来维持山谷脆弱的生态。 The local government has taken measures to sustain the fragile ecology of the valley . 4．毫无疑问，你有足够的资格和经验来表达你的想法，因为你有丰富的技能。 you are qualified enough and experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills. 5．我认为最好是根据不同的学生的英语水平分配不同级别的任务。 I think to different students according to their English levels. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期）The “Changzhuo Yan” is named for its long tables (“changzhuo” means “long table” in Chinese). It is a traditional feast unique 1 the Miao and Dong ethnic minorities (少数民族) in Guizhou Province, China. This cultural event, often arranged in rows 2 stretch for hundreds of meters through village streets or courtyards, symbolize unity and celebration. The feast is held during important festivals, weddings, or to honor guests. It is a vivid display of ethnic-hospitality 3 entire communities come together to share food, music, and dance. 4 (dress) in traditional costumes, villagers serve guests with local dishes, including sour fish soup, rice, smoked meats, and various pickled vegetables (泡菜). One of the most 5 (memory) aspects of the Changzhuo Yan is the “block-the-way wine” tradition. 6 guests make their way down the long table, they are greeted by locals, usually women, who offer them cups of homemade rice wine. Guests are often expected to drink before continuing, 7 creates a joyful and interactive experience. The feast also features traditional folk songs and Lusheng music 8 (add) to the festive atmosphere. More than just a meal, the Changzhuo Yan is a living expression of Guizhou’s cultural richness, reflecting values of community, 9 (generous), and heritage. 10 you’re a local or a traveler, participating in the Changzhuo Yan is an unforgettable way to experience the warmth and traditions of ethnic life in Guizhou. 题型二、应用文写作 （24-25高二下·江苏扬州·月考）假定你是李华，你们学校开展“守护非遗之光”英语征文活动，旨在提升同学们对非物质文化遗产的认知与保护意识。请你用英语写一篇征文稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍一项你感兴趣的非遗项目；2. 阐述保护它的必要性。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：非物质文化遗产intangible cultural heritage A heritage beyond price _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、单词拼写 1 题型二、单句语法填空 2 题型三、用所给短语的适当形式填空 5 题型四、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 7 题型一、单词拼写 1．There is evidence that the solar wind was more (强烈的) in the past. 【答案】intense 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有证据表明，过去的太阳风更强烈。空处需用形容词作表语；根据汉语提示可知，intense意为“强烈的”，符合题意。故填intense。 2．He used his (不可思议的) sense of humour to lift my spirits. 【答案】incredible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他用他那不可思议的幽默感让我振作起来。根据汉语提示“不可思议的”，以及后文名词短语sense of humour可知，此处应填形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，对应的英文单词是incredible。故填incredible。 3．When she was young, she worked as a call center (接线员) to make ends meet. 【答案】operator 【详解】考查名词。句意：她年轻时曾在呼叫中心做接线员来维持生计。根据汉语提示“接线员”可知，此处用名词operator，结合前面的不定冠词a可知，此处使用单数形式，作宾语。故填operator。 4．Our knowledgeable local guide told us a lot about the Inca c (文明) and its mysterious history. 【答案】civilization 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们知识渊博的当地导游给我们讲了很多关于印加文明及其神秘历史的事情。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词civilization“文明”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填civilization。 5．Opportunities are always r (保留) for those who are prepared. 【答案】reserved/eserved 【详解】考查动词。句意：机会总是留给那些有准备的人。根据中英文提示可知设空处为动词reserve，作谓语，主语“Opportunities”是复数形式，与动词为被动关系，且句子陈述一般事实，应使用一般现在时的被动语态（are + 动词过去分词）。reserve的过去分词是reserved。故填reserved。 6．Each student was a a different topic for their research paper to ensure a variety of perspectives. 【答案】assigned/ssigned 【详解】考查动词。句意：为确保研究视角的多样性，每位学生都被分配了不同的研究论文选题。结合句意和首字母提示可知，表示“分配”用动词assign，和主语student是被动关系，空处填过去分词assigned和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填assigned。 7．Taking the (主动性) to help others is a sign of leadership. 【答案】initiative 【详解】考查名词。句意：主动帮助他人是领导力的一种表现。“主动性”作宾语，用名词initiative，构成固定短语“take the initiative to do sth.”，意为“主动做某事”。故填initiative。 8．He continued to p   (追求) his goal of becoming an actor. 【答案】pursue 【详解】考查动词。句意：他继续追求成为一名演员的目标。根据汉语提示和首字母p以及空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该用动词原形pursue。故填pursue。 9．The sign clearly states that smoking is (禁止) in this area to ensure a healthy environment. 【答案】forbidden/banned/prohibited 【详解】考查动词。句意：该标识明确说明，为确保健康环境，此区域禁止吸烟。根据句意和汉语提示，应填forbid，ban或者prohibit，作that从句的谓语，主语 smoking 与 “禁止” 之间是被动关系，即 “吸烟被禁止”，因此需要使用动词的过去分词形式，构成 “be + 过去分词” 的被动语态结构。故填forbidden/banned/prohibited。 10．She is the (建筑师) of her own success, having worked tirelessly to build her career. 【答案】architect 【详解】考查名词。句意：她是自己成功的建筑师，一路勤勉打拼，成就了自己的事业。根据汉语提示可知用名词architect，作表语，此处为特指。故填architect。 题型二、单句语法填空 1．“Hanfu has a unique beauty as its design (showcase) distinct Chinese style,” she told Xinhua. 【答案】showcases 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“汉服有着独特的美，因为它的设计彰显了鲜明的中国风格，”她在接受新华社采访时表示。根据语境可知，句子描述的是“汉服设计彰显中国风格”这一客观特点，应用一般现在时；主语“its design”为单数概念，谓语动词“showcase”应用第三人称单数形式。故填showcases。 2．She found all her furniture (ruin) by the flood. 【答案】had been ruined 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：她发现她所有的家具都被洪水毁坏了。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词。根据句意及主句谓语found可知，“家具被毁坏”发生在“发现”之前，属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时；且furniture与ruin之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。故填had been ruined。 3．The next day in the exam, these hard questions she was afraid of (emerge). 【答案】emerged 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：第二天考试中，这些她害怕的难题出现了。“The next day in the exam”为过去的时间状语，句子描述过去发生的具体事件，应使用一般过去时；主语为“these hard questions(这些难题)”，“she was afraid of”是省略了引导词的定语从句，空处“emerge”为谓语，意为“出现”，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用过去式。故填emerged。 4．Due to his cheating behavior, he (ban) from national examinations for the next five years. 【答案】was banned 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：由于他的作弊行为，他被禁止在接下来的五年内参加全国性考试。主语he与谓语构成被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用was。故填was banned。 5．Impressed by its efficiency, UNESCO has recognized its (ecology) importance since its inclusion in the World Heritage Irrigation Structures list in 2016. 【答案】ecological 【详解】考查形容词。句意：因其高效性令人印象深刻，自2016年被列入世界灌溉工程遗产名录以来，联合国教科文组织已认可了它的生态重要性。根据句子结构，空格位于形容词性物主代词“its”和名词“importance(重要性)”之间，需填入形容词作定语，修饰“importance”。名词“ecology(生态)”的形容词形式为“ecological”，意为“生态的”。故填ecological。 6．The research data is worth (assess) carefully before drawing conclusions. 【答案】assessing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在得出结论之前，这些研究数据值得仔细评估。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配be worth doing，表“值得做某事”，该结构中主动形式表被动含义，assess的动名词形式为assessing。故填assessing。 7．Don’t forget (submit) your report on traditional craft protection before the deadline. 【答案】to submit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：别忘了在截止日期前提交你的传统工艺保护报告。句子为“Don’t forget to do”结构的祈使句，“forget”后接动词不定式作宾语。故填to submit。 8．The aim of this initiative is to encourage (cooperate) and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. 【答案】cooperation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这一倡议的目的是鼓励历史上丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，并加强中国与世界其他地区的联系。英文句子意思同上述中文翻译。动词encourage后需接名词作宾语，cooperate的名词形式为cooperation，表示“合作”，与trade并列，共同作encourage的宾语。故填cooperation。 9．Many citizens are opposed to (forecast) urban development solely based on AI system, fearing it would ignore human needs. 【答案】forecasting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多市民反对仅仅基于人工智能系统来预测城市发展，担心它会忽视人类的需求。be opposed to“反对……”中to是介词，因此应用forecast的动名词形式作宾语。故填forecasting。 10．... in our free time we can sculpt a (sculpt) and paint a painting, ... 【答案】sculpture 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我们的空闲时间里，我们可以雕刻一件雕塑作品，也可以绘制一幅画作。作动词的宾语，用名词sculpture，不定冠词提示用单数。故填sculpture。 11．Within the ant colony, the complex (divide) of labor, which comes from a natural drive, guides all tasks from searching for food to caring for the young. 【答案】division 【详解】考查名词。句意：在蚁群内部，这种源自自然本能的复杂分工模式，指导着从寻找食物到照料幼虫等所有活动的进行。作句子的主语，用名词division，不可数。故填division。 12．My heart was almost (tear) apart after she said those words. 【答案】torn 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：她说完那些话后，我的心几乎被撕裂了。tear与主语my heart是动宾关系，应用过去分词torn，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填torn。 13．He had his study (interrupt) when the war broke out. 【答案】interrupted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：战争爆发时，他的学习被打断了。句子谓语动词是had，空格处在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语study构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填interrupted。 14．You can never imagine the (violent)of his anger the other day. 【答案】violence 【详解】考查名词。句意：你绝对无法想象他前几天怒气冲冲的样子。the______of his anger作谓语动词can never imagine的宾语，因此the的后面要接名词。violent是形容词，对应的名词要将结尾的t变成-ce。由于violence是不可数名词，没有单复数的变化。故填violence。 15．There is an (urge) need for doctors in these mountain villages. 【答案】urgent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些山区的村庄急需医生。修饰名词need用形容词urgent，作定语，故填urgent。 题型三、 用所给短语的适当形式填空 in urgent need of protection for instance on purpose give rise to take … as an example global warming for the benefit of … raise public awareness of be impressed with … be ignorant of in recognition of With the rapid development of industry, 1. ______ has become a serious global problem, which 2. ______ a series of environmental issues. Many wild animals are 3. ______ because their habitats are being destroyed. 4. ______, the polar bear, whose living space is shrinking due to melting ice, is one of the typical victims. Some people hunt rare animals 5. ______ to make profits, while others just 6. ______ the importance of wildlife protection. To solve these problems, we should 7. ______ environmental protection and take effective measures. We can 8. ______ the "Low-carbon Day" 9. ______ to advocate energy-saving lifestyles. Last year, a student group organized a voluntary activity to protect wetlands. The local government awarded them a certificate 10. ______ their contributions. All the participants said they 11. ______ the beauty of nature during the activity and would continue to act 12. ______ all living things. 【答案】 1.global warming 2.gives rise to 3. in urgent need of protection 4. For instance 5. on purpose 6. are ignorant of 7. raise public awareness of 8. take 9. as an example 10. in recognition of 11.were impressed with 12. for the benefit of 题型四、完成句子 1．欣赏本国的文化遗产对于了解自己的国家非常重要。 is very important for understanding one’s own country. 2．无论遇到多少困难，她总会追求成为著名歌手的梦想。 No matter how many difficulties she meets, she will always .  3．当地政府已采取措施，通过严格的保护政策来维持山谷脆弱的生态。 The local government has taken measures to sustain the fragile ecology of the valley . 4．毫无疑问，你有足够的资格和经验来表达你的想法，因为你有丰富的技能。 you are qualified enough and experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills. 5．我认为最好是根据不同的学生的英语水平分配不同级别的任务。 I think to different students according to their English levels. 【答案】 1. Appreciating one’s own cultural heritage 2. pursue her dream of becoming a famous singer 3. through strict conservation policies 4. There is no doubt that 5. it is best to assign different levels of tasks 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期）The “Changzhuo Yan” is named for its long tables (“changzhuo” means “long table” in Chinese). It is a traditional feast unique 1 the Miao and Dong ethnic minorities (少数民族) in Guizhou Province, China. This cultural event, often arranged in rows 2 stretch for hundreds of meters through village streets or courtyards, symbolizes unity and celebration. The feast is held during important festivals, weddings, or to honor guests. It is a vivid display of ethnic-hospitality 3 entire communities come together to share food, music, and dance. 4 (dress) in traditional costumes, villagers serve guests with local dishes, including sour fish soup, rice, smoked meats, and various pickled vegetables (泡菜). One of the most 5 (memory) aspects of the Changzhuo Yan is the “block-the-way wine” tradition. 6 guests make their way down the long table, they are greeted by locals, usually women, who offer them cups of homemade rice wine. Guests are often expected to drink before continuing, 7 creates a joyful and interactive experience. The feast also features traditional folk songs and Lusheng music 8 (add) to the festive atmosphere. More than just a meal, the Changzhuo Yan is a living expression of Guizhou’s cultural richness, reflecting values of community, 9 (generous), and heritage. 10 you’re a local or a traveler, participating in the Changzhuo Yan is an unforgettable way to experience the warmth and traditions of ethnic life in Guizhou. 【答案】 1．to 2．which/that 3．where 4．Dressed 5．memorable 6．As/When/While 7．which 8．adding 9．generosity 10．Whether 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了贵州苗族和侗族独特的传统宴会“长桌宴”及其文化意义。 1．考查介词。句意：它是中国贵州省苗族和侗族特有的传统盛宴。固定短语be unique to“为……所特有”，其中to为介词，故填to。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这一文化活动通常排成几排，穿过村庄街道或庭院，绵延数百米，象征着团结和庆祝。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是rows，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导，故填which/that。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这是民族热情好客的生动展示，整个社区聚集在一起分享食物、音乐和舞蹈。空处引导定语从句，先行词是display，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：村民们身着传统服饰，用酸鱼汤、米饭、熏肉和各种泡菜等当地菜肴招待客人。本句谓语为serve，此处为非谓语动词，dress“给(某人)穿衣服”和逻辑主语villagers之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Dressed。 5．考查形容词。句意：长桌宴最令人难忘的方面之一是“拦路酒”传统。空处修饰名词aspect，应用形容词memorable“令人难忘的”，作前置定语，故填memorable。 6．考查状语从句。句意：当客人们沿着长桌走下去时，他们会受到当地人的迎接，通常是女性，她们会给他们提供自制的米酒。空处引导时间状语从句，应用as或when或while引导，位于句首，首字母需大写，故填As/When/While。 7．考查定语从句。句意：客人们通常在继续之前要喝酒，这创造了一种欢乐和互动的体验。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：宴会还以传统的民歌和芦笙音乐为特色，增添了节日气氛。本句谓语为featured，此处为非谓语动词，add“增添”和逻辑主语The feast之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填adding。 9．考查名词。句意：长桌宴不仅仅是一顿饭，它是贵州文化丰富性的生动体现，反映了社区、慷慨和遗产的价值观。空处和community，heritage并列，作介词of的宾语，应用名词generosity“慷慨”，故填generosity。 10．考查状语从句。句意：无论你是当地人还是旅行者，参加长桌宴都是体验贵州民族生活的温暖和传统的难忘方式。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论……还是……”，应用whether...or...引导，句首单词，首字母需大写，故填Whether。 题型二、应用文写作 （24-25高二下·江苏扬州·月考）假定你是李华，你们学校开展“守护非遗之光”英语征文活动，旨在提升同学们对非物质文化遗产的认知与保护意识。请你用英语写一篇征文稿，内容包括： 1. 介绍一项你感兴趣的非遗项目；2. 阐述保护它的必要性。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：非物质文化遗产intangible cultural heritage A heritage beyond price _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A heritage beyond price One intangible cultural heritage that fascinates me is Chinese paper cutting. With a history of over a thousand years, it features delicate patterns and vivid images, used in festivals and weddings. Moreover, each paper cutting work can tell a unique story, whether it’s about legends or daily life scenes. Protecting it is a must. It’s a carrier of Chinese culture, reflecting people’s values and traditions. Also, as time goes by, fewer people master this skill. Saving it can preserve cultural diversity and let future generations enjoy this art. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍一项自己感兴趣的非遗项目，并阐述保护它的必要性，以此提升同学们对非物质文化遗产的认知与保护意识。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 吸引：fascinate → attract/interest 此外：moreover → in addition/besides 独特的：unique → distinct 保存，保护：preserve → conserve 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With a history of over a thousand years, it features delicate patterns and vivid images, used in festivals and weddings. 拓展句：With a history of over a thousand years, it features delicate patterns and vivid images that are used in festivals and weddings. 【点睛】[高分句型1] One intangible cultural heritage that fascinates me is Chinese paper cutting. (运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Moreover, each paper cutting work can tell a unique story, whether it’s about legends or daily life scenes. (运用了whether...or...引导的让步状语从句) [高分句型3] Saving it can preserve cultural diversity and let future generations enjoy this art. (运用了动名词作主语) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $