Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites（话题阅读精练）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 话题阅读精练 主题词汇积累 一、世界遗产分类相关 cultural heritage（文化遗产） natural heritage（自然遗产） mixed heritage（混合遗产） cultural landscape（文化景观） tangible cultural heritage（物质文化遗产） intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） world heritage site（世界遗产地） heritage listing（遗产名录收录） 二、遗产保护方面 protect/preserve world heritage（保护世界遗产） conserve cultural relics（保护文物） prevent damage（防止破坏） restore historic buildings（修复历史建筑） safeguard traditional crafts（保护传统工艺） combat illegal excavation（打击非法挖掘） carry out restoration projects（开展修复项目） raise awareness of heritage protection（提高遗产保护意识） 三、遗产探索与体验方面 explore World Heritage Sites（探索世界遗产地） visit historic ruins（参观历史遗迹） admire ancient architecture（欣赏古代建筑） appreciate artistic masterpieces（欣赏艺术杰作） learn about cultural traditions（了解文化传统） witness natural wonders（见证自然奇观） take guided tours of heritage sites（参加遗产地有导游的游览） document heritage values（记录遗产价值） 四、遗产面临的挑战方面 cultural erosion（文化侵蚀） environmental pollution（环境污染） over-tourism（过度旅游） natural disasters（自然灾害） urbanization pressure（城市化压力） illegal trade of cultural relics（文物非法交易） climate change impact（气候变化影响） lack of protection funds（缺乏保护资金） 五、遗产相关政策与行动方面 apply for world heritage status（申请世界遗产地位） formulate protection regulations（制定保护法规） implement conservation plans（实施保护计划） international cooperation on heritage protection（遗产保护国际合作） launch heritage education programs（开展遗产教育项目） promote sustainable tourism at heritage sites（推动遗产地可持续旅游） set up heritage protection zones（设立遗产保护区） 时文拓展阅读 World Heritage Sites are treasures of human civilization and natural wonders that transcend national borders and time. Recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), these sites carry profound historical, cultural and ecological significance, serving as bridges for cross-cultural communication and witnesses to the evolution of human society. From the majestic Great Wall of China, which winds through mountains and plains, to the mysterious Machu Picchu perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru; from the breathtaking Great Barrier Reef in Australia, teeming with marine life, to the ancient city of Rome, steeped in history, each world heritage site tells a unique story. They are not only symbols of a country's cultural identity but also common wealth of all humanity, reminding us of the splendid achievements of our ancestors and the beauty of nature's creations. However, World Heritage Sites around the globe are facing an array of threats. Over-tourism has led to overcrowding in some popular sites, causing damage to historic structures and ecological environments. Climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme weather events, poses risks to both natural and cultural heritage—melting glaciers threaten mountainous heritage sites, while acid rain corrodes ancient buildings and artworks. Additionally, illegal excavation, cultural erosion caused by modernization, and lack of adequate protection funds further endanger these precious treasures. Protecting World Heritage Sites is an urgent and long-term task that requires the joint efforts of all countries and individuals. Governments should strengthen the formulation and implementation of protection policies, establish strict management systems for heritage sites, and increase investment in protection funds. International organizations need to promote cooperation and information sharing among countries to address global challenges facing heritage protection. For individuals, we can raise our awareness of heritage protection, abide by the regulations of heritage sites when visiting, and spread the concept of protecting world heritage to more people. In an era of rapid globalization and profound social changes, protecting World Heritage Sites is not only about preserving the past but also about shaping the future. These sites are living textbooks that allow future generations to learn about history, appreciate culture, and cherish nature. By safeguarding world heritage, we are safeguarding the diversity of human civilization and the sustainability of the planet, leaving a valuable legacy for our descendants. 【译文欣赏】 旅行不仅仅是参观新的地方，更是一场自我发现和文化沉浸的旅程。在这个全球化让世界比以往任何时候都更容易抵达的时代，越来越多的人选择走出自己的舒适区，去探索我们星球所拥有的各种奇观。 无论你是在白雪皑皑的喜马拉雅山脉徒步旅行，在欧洲村庄的鹅卵石街道上漫步，还是在加勒比海阳光明媚的海滩上放松身心，每个目的地都有其独特的魅力，给旅行者留下持久的印记。让旅行真正有意义的不是你参观过的地方数量，而是你建立的联系、学到的教训以及它如何丰富你对生活的看法。 旅行时，带着开放的心态和尊重的态度去接触不同的文化至关重要。尝试当地食物、学习几句当地语言的基本短语、与当地人交流，都能加深你对这个地方的理解。此外，负责任的旅行近年来变得越来越重要。这意味着最大限度地减少你的环境影响、支持当地企业并保护你所参观目的地的文化遗产。 在这个充满压力和干扰的快节奏世界里，旅行提供了一个放慢脚步、与自然重新连接并反思真正重要事物的机会。它提醒我们，世界是广阔的，充满了可能性，而且总有新的东西值得学习和发现。所以，收拾好你的行李，拥抱未知，让旅行成为你生活中快乐、成长和灵感的源泉。 【词汇积累】 transcend [trænˈsend] vt. 超越；超出 profound [prəˈfaʊnd] adj. 深厚的；意义深远的 evolution [ˌiːvəˈluːʃn] n. 演变；进化 majestic [məˈdʒestɪk] adj. 雄伟的；壮丽的 perched [pɜːtʃt] adj. 位于高处的 teem with 充满；遍布 steeped in 沉浸于；充满 array [əˈreɪ] n. 一系列；一批 corrosion [kəˈrəʊʒn] n. 腐蚀；侵蚀 urgent [ˈɜːdʒənt] adj. 紧迫的；急需处理的 formulation [ˌfɔːmjʊˈleɪʃn] n. 制定；构想 sustainability [səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti] n. 可持续性 descendant [dɪˈsendənt] n. 后代；子孙 【长难句分析】 1. From the majestic Great Wall of China, which winds through mountains and plains, to the mysterious Machu Picchu perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru; from the breathtaking Great Barrier Reef in Australia, teeming with marine life, to the ancient city of Rome, steeped in history, each world heritage site tells a unique story. 抓标志：关系代词 which；过去分词短语（perched high...、teeming with...、steeped in...）作后置定语 判类型：介词短语作状语（包含多个定语修饰名词）＋主句（主谓宾结构） 试翻译：从蜿蜒穿梭于山川平原的雄伟中国长城，到矗立在秘鲁安第斯山脉高处的神秘马丘比丘；从澳大利亚海洋生物繁盛、令人叹为观止的大堡礁，到历史悠久的古罗马城，每一处世界遗产地都诉说着独特的故事。 2. Climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme weather events, poses risks to both natural and cultural heritage—melting glaciers threaten mountainous heritage sites, while acid rain corrodes ancient buildings and artworks. 抓标志：插入语（such as...）；破折号引导解释说明成分；连词 while 判类型：主句（主谓宾结构）＋插入语＋解释说明句（包含并列分句） 试翻译：气温上升、极端天气等气候变化对自然和文化遗产均构成风险 —— 冰川融化威胁着山地遗产地，酸雨则侵蚀着古老的建筑和艺术品。 【词汇延伸】 UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 联合国教科文组织 cultural identity 文化认同 natural wonders 自然奇观 joint efforts 共同努力 protection funds 保护资金 高考真题链接 (2025·湖南邵阳·模拟预测）Perhaps one of the greatest joys of traveling is drinking in the local culture. Its essence is all around, reflected in the food, the dialects, and of course, the architecture. This is a list of iconic buildings that the world wouldn’t be the same without. The Hanging Temple, China The Hanging Temple, a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan, is the world’s only temple blending (融合) Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. Supported by wooden pillars (柱) and corridors, this temple has survived from floods because of its location. Taj Mahal, India Taj Mahal, India’s iconic white marble mausoleum (陵墓), was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife. The construction began one year after she died in 1631 and the mausoleum was completed in 1648 with the surrounding buildings and gardens taking another five years to complete. Today the Taj Mahal is under the threat of acid rain. The Burj Al Arab, The United Arab Emirates Burj Al Arab, Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel, stands on a man-made island in the Persian Gulf. As one of the world’s most luxurious hotels, it boasts a 590-foot-tall hall, two restaurants and 202 luxurious suites, featuring floor-to-ceiling windows with sea views. Sydney Opera House, Australia Sydney Opera House, a UNESCO site since 2007, features iconic concrete shells rising from Sydney Harbour. As Australia’s center of the arts scene, it remains a top attraction for visitors worldwide. 1．Which of the following is a feature of the Hanging Temple in China? A．It is the tallest temple in the world. B．It combines three different religions. C．It was destroyed by floods many times. D．It was built entirely with concrete materials. 2．When was the entire Taj Mahal complex officially finished? A．In 1631. B．In 1632. C．In 1648. D．In 1653. 3．What do the Burj Al Arab and the Sydney Opera House have in common? A．Both were constructed as hotels. B．Bothwere primarily used as cultural event site. C．Both are located near large bodies of water. D．Both are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游景点的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Hanging Temple, a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan, is the world’s only temple blending (融合) Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism.(悬空寺位于衡山之上，已有1500年的历史，是世界上唯一一座集佛教、道教和儒家思想于一体的寺庙)”可知，中国悬空寺融合了三种不同的宗教。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The construction began one year after she died in 1631 and the mausoleum was completed in 1648 with the surrounding buildings and gardens taking another five years to complete.(这座陵墓于她于1631年去世一年后开始修建，到1648年完工，而周边的建筑和花园则又花了五年时间才全部建成)”可知，泰姬陵建筑群1653年正式竣工。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Burj Al Arab, Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel, stands on a man-made island in the Persian Gulf.(迪拜标志性的帆形酒店——帆船酒店，坐落在波斯湾的一座人工岛上)”以及最后一段“Sydney Opera House, a UNESCO site since 2007, features iconic concrete shells rising from Sydney Harbour.(悉尼歌剧院自2007年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产以来，就以其从悉尼港升起的标志性混凝土外壳而闻名)”可知，两者都位于大面积水域附近。故选C。 细节理解题解题思维 1.定位关键词：阅读题干，找出题干中的关键信息（如人名、地名、时间、数字、核心名词或动词等），然后回到原文中定位相关段落和句子。 2. 比对信息：将题干中的信息与原文中的对应信息进行仔细比对，注意同义替换、词性转换、句式变化等情况，确保答案与原文信息一致。 3. 排除干扰项：逐一分析选项，排除与原文信息不符、无中生有、过于绝对或范围扩大 / 缩小的干扰项。 4. 注意特殊句式：关注原文中的转折句、因果句、例证句等特殊句式，这些句子往往是细节理解题的出题点。 1.The Hanging Temple, a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan, is the world’s only temple blending Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. 抓标志：同位语（a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan）；现在分词短语（blending...）作后置定语 判类型：主句（主系表结构）＋同位语＋后置定语 试翻译：悬空寺是恒山上一座有着 1500 年历史的奇迹，也是世界上唯一一座融合了佛教、道教和儒家思想的寺庙。 Taj Mahal, India’s iconic white marble mausoleum, was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife. 抓标志：同位语（India’s iconic white marble mausoleum）；被动语态（was built）；介词短语（in memory of...）作目的状语 判类型：主句（被动语态主谓结构）＋同位语＋目的状语 试翻译：泰姬陵是印度标志性的白色大理石陵墓，由沙贾汗皇帝为纪念他心爱的妻子而建造。 2.The construction began one year after she died in 1631 and the mausoleum was completed in 1648 with the surrounding buildings and gardens taking another five years to complete. 抓标志：连词 and（连接两个并列分句）；时间状语从句（after she died in 1631）；with 复合结构（with the surrounding... to complete） 判类型：并列复合句（两个主句并列）＋时间状语从句＋with 复合结构（作补充说明） 试翻译：这项工程在她 1631 年去世一年后动工，陵墓于 1648 年完工，而周边的建筑和花园又花了五年时间才建成。 3.Burj Al Arab, Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel, stands on a man-made island in the Persian Gulf. 抓标志：同位语（Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel）；介词短语（on a man-made island...）作地点状语 判类型：主句（主谓结构）＋同位语＋地点状语 试翻译：阿拉伯塔酒店（帆船酒店）是迪拜标志性的帆形酒店，矗立在波斯湾的一座人工岛上。 Sydney Opera House, a UNESCO site since 2007, features iconic concrete shells rising from Sydney Harbour. 抓标志：同位语（a UNESCO site since 2007）；现在分词短语（rising from...）作后置定语 判类型：主句（主谓宾结构）＋同位语＋后置定语 试翻译：悉尼歌剧院自 2007 年起被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，其标志性的混凝土壳结构从悉尼港拔地而起。 ①essence 本质；精髓 ②dialect 方言；土语 ③iconic 标志性的；象征性的 ④marvel 奇迹；令人惊叹的事物 ⑤Buddhism 佛教 ⑥Taoism 道教 ⑦Confucianism 儒家思想；儒学 ⑧marble 大理石 ⑨mausoleum 陵墓；陵寝 ⑩boast 拥有（引以为傲的事物） 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 349 莫高窟的历史价值、艺术成就、发现意义以及保护措施。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 321 位于岷江成都平原的都江堰灌溉系统。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 304 威尼斯没有被列入联合国教科文组织“世界遗产濒危”名单，以及各国对此的态度。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 299 澳大利亚保护大堡礁的措施，包括改善水质、限制捕鱼和创新实验。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 335 敦煌研究院的文化遗产保护者对莫高窟文物的修复工作。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 444 海南黎族黎锦有3000年历史，2009年入非遗。 Passage7 完形填空 说明文 243 桂林的自然景观、文化特色及旅游体验，展现了桂林作为世界遗产地的独特魅力。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 199 位于中国西北部的甘肃省张掖国家地质公园里的丹霞地貌。 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·黑龙江大庆·期中）Carved into the cliffs above the Daquan River, the Mogao Caves, southeast of the Dunhuang oasis, Gansu province, contain the largest, richest, and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art in the world. It was first constructed in 366 AD and represents the great achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th century. Four hundred and ninety-two caves are presently preserved, housing about 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,000 painted sculptures. Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty contains one of the oldest and most vivid scenes of cultural exchanges along the Silk Road, showing a camel pulling a cart typical of trade missions of that period. As evidence of the evolution of Buddhist art in the northwest region of China, the Mogao Caves are of unmatched historical value. These works provide an abundance of vivid materials depicting various aspects of medieval (中世纪的) politics, economies, culture, arts, religion, ethnic relations, and daily dress in western China. Many of these masterpieces are creations of an unparalleled aesthetic (美学的) talent. The discovery of the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in 1900, together with the tens of thousands of manuscripts and relics it contained, has been acclaimed as the world’s greatest discovery of ancient Oriental (东方的) culture. This significant heritage provides invaluable reference for studying the complex history of ancient China and Central Asia. The Mogao Caves were included on the World Heritage List in 1987. At the state level, China has put all World Heritage Sites under top-level protection. In 1961, the Mogao Caves were listed as one of the State Priority Protected Sites by the State Council and were put under the protection of national laws, including the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics. The Administrative Institution of the Mogao Caves has been cooperating with international counterparts (同行) to study conservation and site management and looks forward to continuing its work in preserving the heritage of the site. 1．What can we infer from Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty? A．It is important for the study of ancient craftsmanship. B．It’s important for the research of the history of Central Asia. C．It shows the evolution of Buddhist art in ancient China. D．It has great value for the study of the history of the Silk Road. 2．Which word can replace the underlined word “depicting” in paragraph 2? A．Presenting. B．Observing. C．Intending. D．Processing. 3．How does the author feel about the discovery of Library Cave? A．Proud. B．Amazed. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned. 4．Why does the author write the last paragraph? A．To introduce the laws that protect the Mogao Caves. B．To give advice on how to protect the Mogao Caves. C．To tell us that the Mogao Caves are well protected. D．To explain the measures taken to protect the Mogao Caves. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了莫高窟的历史价值、艺术成就、发现意义以及保护措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty contains one of the oldest and most vivid scenes of cultural exchanges along the Silk Road, showing a camel pulling a cart typical of trade missions of that period.(隋朝302号洞窟保存着丝绸之路沿线最古老、最生动的文化交流场景之一，展示了一头骆驼拉着当时贸易使团特有的马车)”可知，隋朝302号洞窟对丝绸之路历史的研究有很大价值。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“These works provide an abundance of vivid materials depicting various aspects of medieval (中世纪的) politics, economies, culture, arts, religion, ethnic relations, and daily dress in western China.(这些作品提供了丰富的生动材料，……中国西部中世纪政治、经济、文化、艺术、宗教、民族关系和日常服饰的各个方面)”可知，这些作品提供了大量生动的材料，呈现了中国西部中世纪政治、经济、文化、艺术、宗教、民族关系和日常服饰的各个方面。因此“depicting”意为“呈现”，与“Presenting”意思相近。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The discovery of the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in 1990, together with the tens of thousands of manuscripts and relics it contained, has been acclaimed as the world’s greatest discovery of ancient Oriental (东方的) culture.(1990 年莫高窟藏经洞的发现，连同其中出土的数万件文献与文物，被誉为世界上最伟大的古代东方文化发现)”可知，作者对于藏经洞的发现是感到自豪的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At the state level, China has put all World Heritage Sites under top-level protection. In 1961, the Mogao Caves were listed as one of the State Priority Protected Sites by the State Council and were put under the protection of national laws, including the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics.(在国家层面，中国已将所有世界遗产置于最高级别的保护之下。1961年，莫高窟被国务院列为全国重点文物保护单位，并受到包括《中华人民共和国文物保护法》在内的国家法律的保护)”可知，作者写最后一段是为了解释为保护莫高窟所采取的措施。故选D。 Passage 2 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）Located on the Chengdu Plain of the Minjiang River, the Dujiangyan Irrigation System is one of the oldest irrigation systems in the world and also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since its construction around 256 BC during the Qin Dynasty, it has turned into a living relic, benefiting people living on the Chengdu Plain and making many believe that it is actually a greater architectural miracle than the Great Wall. Li Bing, the governor of Shu for the State of Qin, and his son led the construction. Instead of building a dam, they harnessed the river using a new method at that time: dividing the water. There are three main parts of the construction: Yuzui (Fish Mouth Levee), Feishayan (Flying Sand Weir) and Baopingkou (Bottle-Neck Channel). Each has a different, indispensable function. The first Minjiang River barrier is Yuzui. It was built at the bend of the river, where the surging water is divided into the inner and outer rivers by the “dikes”. The lateral canal drains the flood and the inner canal flows into the Chengdu Plain through Baopingkou. Feishayan helps regulate the water flow by allowing excess water and sand to be discharged back into the Minjiang River. This ensures that only a controlled amount of water enters the irrigation network, reducing the risk of flooding in downstream areas. What’s more, it prevents the sand from entering the irrigation channels. The purpose of Baopingkou was to divert and irrigate the water entering the Chengdu Plain. If a large amount of water was blocked by Baopingkou during the flood period, the water level would rise. When the water level exceeded a certain level, the drainage channel behind Feishayan would be discharged to the outer river to achieve the secondary flood discharge. Every design in the Dujiangyan Irrigation System takes full advantage of the local environmental characteristics. It takes advantage of nature instead of conquering it by means of human intervention. 1．Which of the following is true about the Dujiangyan Irrigation System? A．It was built in the Han Dynasty. B．It is made up of four main parts. C．It has a history of more than 2,200 years. D．It’s the largest irrigation project in the world. 2．What does the Dujiangyan Irrigation System mainly do? A．It blocks the water of the Minjiang River. B．It divides the water of the Minjiang River. C．It stores the water of the Minjiang River. D．It changes the route of the Minjiang River. 3．What’s the main function of Feishayan? A．To divide the Minjiang River. B．To change the river’s course. C．To release flood water and deal with sand. D．To control the water entering the Chengdu Plain. 4．What’s behind the Dujiangyan Irrigation System according to the author? A．Ancient Chinese people’s valuing science. B．Ancient Chinese people’s being smarter than us. C．Humans’ taking control of nature and conquering it. D．Humans’ respecting and living in harmony with nature. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了位于岷江成都平原的都江堰灌溉系统，它是世界上最古老的灌溉系统之一，也是联合国教科文组织世界遗产。该系统由李冰及其儿子主持修建，利用分水的方法，将岷江水引入成都平原，实现了防洪和灌溉的功能。都江堰的每个设计都充分利用了当地的环境特点，体现了人与自然和谐共处的理念。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Since its construction around 256 BC during the Qin Dynasty, it has turned into a living relic, benefiting people living on the Chengdu Plain and making many believe that it is actually a greater architectural miracle than the Great Wall.(自公元前256年左右秦朝修建以来，它已成为一个活生生的遗迹，造福了生活在成都平原的人们，并使许多人相信，它实际上是一个比长城更伟大的建筑奇迹。）”可知，都江堰灌溉系统建于秦朝，距今已有2200多年的历史。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Instead of building a dam, they harnessed the river using a new method at that time: dividing the water.(他们没有修建大坝，而是采用了当时的一种新方法：分水来利用河流)”可知，都江堰灌溉系统主要是将岷江的水分开。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Feishayan helps regulate the water flow by allowing excess water and sand to be discharged back into the Minjiang River. This ensures that only a controlled amount of water enters the irrigation network, reducing the risk of flooding in downstream areas. What’s more, it prevents the sand from entering the irrigation channels(飞沙堰通过让多余的水和沙子排回岷江来帮助调节水流。这确保了只有受控的水量进入灌溉网络，降低了下游地区的洪水风险。更重要的是，它防止沙子进入灌溉渠道)”可知，飞沙堰的主要功能是排放洪水和处理沙子。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Every design in the Dujiangyan Irrigation System takes full advantage of the local environmental characteristics. It takes advantage of nature instead of conquering it by means of human intervention(都江堰灌溉系统的每一项设计都充分利用了当地的环境特点。它利用自然，而不是通过人类干预来征服自然)”可知，都江堰灌溉系统的每一项设计都充分利用了当地的环境特点，可推理出都江堰灌溉系统体现了人类对自然的尊重和与自然和谐相处的理念。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·月考）Venice will not be included on UNESCO’s list of “World Heritage in Danger” after a panel (小组) voted on Thursday to reject the recommendation of experts at the agency who had raised concerns that Italy had not done enough to protect the fragile city threatened by climate change, mass tourism and development. “Venice is not at risk,” Mayor Luigi Brugnaro wrote on social media, describing the result as a “great victory”. He added, “The world has understood all the work we have done to save our city.” Italy was warned in July that Venice, a World Heritage Site since 1987, was being considered for UNESCO’s “in danger” list, despite significant changes made to try to protect Venice. Large cruise ships have been banned from entering Venetian waters. Massive barriers at the mouths of the lagoon hold seawater at bay and stop high tides from flooding the city. And officials have begun tracking tourists via their cellphone data to monitor their movements. Starting next year, day-trippers to Venice are expected to pay 5 euros on days when the city is extremely crowded with tourists. City officials hope that the measure will control some of the millions of tourists flocking to the city each year. Those who stay overnight won't be charged. Despite the changes in Venice, UNESCO experts closely monitoring the city felt that Italy and the local government had not done enough. Once a site is placed on the danger list, it can lose its World Heritage status, which acknowledges its outstanding universal value. But the 21 member states thought Italy’s efforts were to be appreciated, and several said it was “premature” to put Venice on the list. Several pointed out that climate change was a global issue, affecting many cultural heritage sites, and said Italy should not be singled out. 1．What is the attitude of the Mayor of Venice towards the result? A．Unbelieving. B．Neutral C．Unconcerned. D．Content. 2．What is Paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The conservational efforts of Venice. B．The warning issued about Venice. C．Venice's being recognized as in danger. D．The multiple threats posed to Venice. 3．Why will Venice charge its tourists taking day trips extra? A．To boost the local economy. B．To monitor their movements. C．To fight global climate crisis. D．To control excessive tourism. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To argue Venice should not be on the list. B．To explain how Venice is protected. C．To report that Venice is safe, D．To show Italy has not done enough. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了威尼斯没有被列入联合国教科文组织“世界遗产濒危”名单，以及各国对此的态度。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Venice is not at risk, Mayor Luigi Brugnaro wrote on social media, describing the result as a ‘great victory’(市长路易吉·布鲁格纳罗在社交媒体上写道：‘威尼斯没有危险’，并将结果形容为‘伟大的胜利’)”可知，威尼斯市长对投票结果非常满意，认为这是对威尼斯所做努力的肯定。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Large cruise ships have been banned from entering Venetian waters. Massive barriers at the mouths of the lagoon hold seawater at bay and stop high tides from flooding the city. And officials have begun tracking tourists via their cellphone data to monitor their movements.(大型游轮已被禁止进入威尼斯水域。在潟湖的入海口处设有巨型水闸，阻挡海水倒灌，防止涨潮淹没城市。官员们已开始通过手机数据追踪游客，以监控他们的行踪。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是威尼斯的保护工作。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“City officials hope that the measure will control some of the millions of tourists flocking to the city each year.(市政官员希望这一措施能控制每年蜂拥而至的数百万游客。)”可知，威尼斯对一日游游客额外收费的目的是为了控制过度旅游。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段提到“Venice will not be included on UNESCO’s list of 'World Heritage in Danger’ after a panel voted on Thursday to reject the recommendation of experts at the agency who had raised concerns that Italy had not done enough to protect the fragile city threatened by climate change, mass tourism and development.(一个小组周四投票决定不接受该机构专家提出的建议，这些专家担忧意大利没有足够保护这座受到气候变化、大众旅游和开发威胁的脆弱城市，因此威尼斯将不会被列入联合国教科文组织‘濒危世界遗产’名录。)”以及文章后面还介绍了威尼斯为了保护自己所做的努力以及联合国教科文组织专家对此的不同看法，由此可知，这篇文章的目的是报道威尼斯是安全的。故选C。 Passage 4 （23-24高二下·江西吉安·期末）The Australian government has given the World Heritage Committee the most recent information on the measures it has taken to protect the Great Barrier Reef from human-made climate change. Last June, the World Heritage Committee chose not to list the Reef as “in danger”, but asked Australia to give an update on its preservation measures by February 1. In the report, the government has shown how its policies and scientific research are helping to protect the heritage-listed reef. Improving water quality, tough new fishing restrictions and unusual experiments in “cloud brightening” are all listed in the report. The government had invested $1.2 billion in the Reef, while the Queensland government had invested more than $1 billion since 2015. “The Great Barrier Reef is the best managed reef in the world and the report shows the significant action we are taking to protect this important natural wonder,” said Senator Nita Green. Environment Minister Tanya Plibersek has unveiled a new strategy to protect and restore the wetland areas of the Reef, which she said had decreased by over 50 per cent since European settlement. Water quality improvements were a focus in the government’s report, after the Committee said they were concerned that it was taking too long to meet targets. 140,000 tons of sediment (沉积物) had been prevented from entering the Reef over the past decade. Gillnet (刺网) fishing was being gradually stopped using, with half the previously allowed number of licenses issued this month. Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets, but others warned the move could ruin the fishing industry. These projects have been exploring whether it is possible to provide shade for coral reefs by artificially increasing the reflectiveness of clouds, or creating fogs to stop sunlight reaching below the sea surface. 1．What is the main focus of the report to the World Heritage Committee? A．Funding details. B．Preservation measures. C．Environmental challenges. D．Economic impact on fishing. 2．What suggests that the Great Barrier Reef project is valued by the government? A．The creative experiment. B．The decrease in wetland areas. C．The sediment run-off mapping. D．The amount of funding it has received. 3．What does the underlined word “unveiled” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Covered. B．Announced. C．Hidden. D．Removed. 4．What are conservationists’ views on the gillnet ban? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Unclear. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚保护大堡礁的措施，包括改善水质、限制捕鱼和创新实验。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the report, the government has shown how its policies and scientific research are helping to protect the heritage-listed reef. Improving water quality, tough new fishing restrictions and unusual experiments in “cloud brightening” are all listed in the report.(报告中，政府展示了其政策和科学研究是如何帮助保护这一列入遗产名录的珊瑚礁的。报告中列出了改善水质、实施更严格的捕鱼限制，以及不同寻常的“云层增白”实验)”可知，提交给世界遗产委员会的报告的主要介绍了澳大利亚对大堡礁的保护措施。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The government had invested $1.2 billion in the Reef, while the Queensland government had invested more than $1 billion since 2015.(澳大利亚政府已经在大堡礁投资了12亿美元，而昆士兰州政府自2015年以来已经投资了超过10亿美元)”可知，澳大利亚政府和昆士兰州政府分别在大堡礁项目上投入了大量的资金，表明了政府对大堡礁项目的重视。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Environment Minister Tanya Plibersek has unveiled a new strategy to protect and restore the wetland areas of the Reef, which she said had decreased by over 50 per cent since European settlement.(环境部长塔尼娅·普利贝斯克unveiled了一项保护和恢复大堡礁湿地的新战略，她说，自欧洲人定居以来，大堡礁的湿地面积已经减少了50%以上)”中“a new strategy ”可推知，环境部长公布了一项新战略。划线词unveiled的意思是“公布，宣布”，与announced同义。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets (环保人士对刺网禁令表示欢迎)”可以，环保人士支持禁止使用刺网。故选A项。 Passage5 （25-26高二上·四川成都·期中）It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage restorers at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The team is committed to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road. “Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy. Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and chipping (裂痕), as well as erosion (侵蚀) that is caused by changes in temperature and moisture of the caves. To restore a mural requires a multi-talented individual, and restorers should know painting, master the skills of craft and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward. The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the current situation of the murals rather than repainting them. When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su. “When you pursue the so-called intact (完好的) look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.” Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems. “It needs a long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetime,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible. 1．Why does the Dunhuang Academy restore the murals? A．To promote cultural exchanges. B．To help study the ancient Silk Road. C．To spread the spirit of Dunhuang globally. D．To keep it on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site. 2．How does the author feel the restoration work? A．Creative. B．Traditional. C．Risky. D．Demanding. 3．What does Su suggest about restoring mural? A．It is advised to keep its current state. B．It is supposed to pursue a perfect look. C．Its missing parts should be restored in time. D．It can be repainted to fix its appearance. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Significance of Mural Preservation. B．The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings. C．The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves. D．The Experiments on Cave Conservation. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了敦煌研究院的文化遗产保护者对莫高窟文物的修复工作。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“The team is committed to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road. “Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy.(该团队致力于保护该遗址735个洞穴的45,000平方米壁画和2,400多个彩绘雕塑。这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物。“我们的工作，修复壁画和彩雕，是为了更好地保护洞穴，这向世界弘扬了伟大的敦煌包容精神，激励了现代人，”敦煌研究院院长苏伯民说)”可知，敦煌研究院修复这些壁画的目的是向世界传播敦煌精神。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To restore a mural requires a multi-talented individual, and restorers should know painting, master the skills of craft and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward.(修复壁画需要一个多面手，修复人员应该懂得绘画，掌握手工技能，并具备一定的化学和物理知识，能够识别问题及其相应的原因，并提供解决方案。他们还必须选择合适的材料和工具，并进行实验，然后才正式进行修复和评估效果)”可推知，修复工作的要求是非常高的。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the current situation of the murals rather than repainting them.(修复应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新粉刷)”和““Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su. “When you pursue the so-called intact (完好的) look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.”(“文物是历史的见证者，”苏解释说，“当你出于艺术的原因而追求所谓的完整外观时，你就会失去它们的关键意义。”)”可知，修复文物时应当保持其现状，而不是重新粉刷，追求完美。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage restorers at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.(这是一场与时间的赛跑，因为敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产修复人员都在努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力，莫高窟被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”以及后文对修复工作的目的、要求等的介绍可知，文章主要讲述的是莫高窟的文物修复工作，所以C项“莫高窟的壁画修复”最适合作本文标题。故选C项。 Passage6 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）Chinese inheritors keep the traditional crafts alive in modern times Li brocade, created by the Li ethnic group in Hainan province, has a history of around 3,000 years. The process of making Li brocade involves four steps: spinning (纺), dyeing (染), weaving (织) and embroidering (绣). These traditional techniques were listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in need of urgent safeguarding by UNESCO in 2009.   For thousands of years, Li brocade has been primarily made by women who passed down the skills to their daughters. Fu Haikang, 40, is the only male inheritor (传承人) of Li brocade-making techniques in Baisha Li autonomous county (白沙黎族自治县). When his grandma showed him a traditional outfit (服装) of the Li people during his childhood, he was amazed by its beauty and has since developed a keen interest in the craft, which he described as a “living fossil (活化石)”. “My love of the craft stems from (源于) my admiration for the ancestors of the Li people,” Fu said, adding that as the Li ethnic group doesn’t have their own written language, Li women would weave or embroider what they’ve seen in life onto Li brocade, including patterns of people, animals and flowers. In 2014, Fu began learning Li brocade-making techniques from his teacher and would sometimes practice for over 10 hours a day. Though sitting among a group of women while learning embroidery made him feel embarrassed, he never thought about giving up. “I just want to pursue what I’m passionate about,” Fu said. Making an entire outfit using Li brocade-making techniques is a complex process that takes nearly a year. When making a top, for example, craftsmen in Baisha county employ double-sided embroidery (双面绣), a technique in which stitching (缝) takes place on both sides of a single fabric. After being named an inheritor of the Li brocade-making techniques in 2022, Fu went to schools and towns to teach people this traditional craft. His students range in age from 9 to 60, some of whom are women who take care of their kids at home and do not have a job. So Fu teaches them to make cultural products such as pouches (荷包) using Li brocade-making techniques to help them make money. “In fact, many people in Baisha county are unfamiliar with the craft,” Fu said. By letting more people learn about Li brocade-making techniques in his classes, Fu hopes that he can help pass them down to future generations. 1．What does the article tell us about Li brocade-making techniques? A．They are exclusively taught to women. B．They involve spinning, dyeing and knitting. C．They gained world heritage status in 2009. D．They have been around for three centuries. 2．What sparked Fu Haikang’s interest in the art of Li brocade-making? A．His grandmother’s experience. B．The beauty of a traditional Li outfit. C．His fascination with ancient culture. D．The lack of a Li language. 3．What does paragraph 4 highlight by detailing Fu’s learning journey? A．The patience it takes to make Li brocade. B．The most difficult part of making Li brocade. C．Fu’s dedication and determination. D．Fu’s outstanding embroidery skills. 4．How does Fu contribute to preserving Li brocade-making techniques? A．By educating a diverse audience. B．By innovating Li brocade products. C．By hiring more people in his business. D．By promoting them at home and abroad. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述海南黎族黎锦有3000年历史，2009年入非遗。男性传承人傅海康学艺并教学，助传承。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“These traditional techniques were listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in need of urgent safeguarding by UNESCO in 2009.  (这些传统技艺于2009年被联合国教科文组织列为急需保护的非物质文化遗产。)”可知，黎锦制作技艺在2009年获得了世界遗产地位。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“When his grandma showed him a traditional outfit (服装) of the Li people during his childhood, he was amazed by its beauty and has since developed a keen interest in the craft, which he described as a “living fossil (活化石)”. (当他的祖母在他小时候给他看黎人的传统服装时，他对它的美丽感到惊讶，并对这项工艺产生了浓厚的兴趣，他称之为“活化石”。)”可知，黎族传统服饰的美激发了傅海康对黎锦制作艺术的兴趣。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“In 2014, Fu began learning Li brocade-making techniques from his teacher and would sometimes practice for over 10 hours a day. Though sitting among a group of women while learning embroidery made him feel embarrassed, he never thought about giving up. (2014年，傅开始向师父学习黎锦制作技艺，有时一天练习超过10个小时。尽管和一群女性一起学习刺绣让他感到有些尴尬，但他从未想过放弃。)”可知，这段详细描述傅的学习经历，突出了他的专注与决心。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据第六段“After being named an inheritor of the Li brocade-making techniques in 2022, Fu went to schools and towns to teach people this traditional craft. His students range in age from 9 to 60, some of whom are women who take care of their kids at home and do not have a job. (2022年，傅被任命为黎锦技艺的继承人后，前往学校和城镇教授人们这项传统工艺。他的学生年龄从9岁到60岁不等，其中一些是在家照顾孩子的女性，没有工作。)”可知，傅通过教育不同群体的人来保护黎锦制作技艺。故选A项。 Passage7 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）There is a well-known saying in China, which 1 “Guilin’s landscape is the finest under heaven.” There are in fact, quite a few very well-known poems and paintings by quite famous 2 about the wondrous landscape of Guilin. Guilin is most famous for the world heritage site 3 karst landscape which has been ‘carved’ by the sea and wind over millions of years. This natural 4 has gifted Guilin and the neighbouring town of Yangshuo with their unique and 5 green peaks and winding rivers and waterways. Another plus point in Guilin’s favour is its clean ‘tourist friendly’ environment — 6 the clean air — Guilin is truly a city to 7 any tourist! Guilin’s famous ‘fairytale’ picturesque 8 is green all-year-round and even so there are still 9 in Guilin with colorful trees blossoming and 10 leaves at various times of the year from November to May. There are of course many natural wonders to be held during a 11 to Guilin, between the amazing natural karst caves and sculpted peaks. Our customized Guilin tours will offer you a 12 trip to enjoy the natural wonders in the city of Guilin, such as Reed Flute Cave, Elephant Hill, ect, and 13 into a landscape painting by taking Li River Cruise. Our Guilin tours can be 14 to the nearby counties, by taking bamboo rafting on Yulong River in Yangshuo, and also to Longsheng 15 the majesty of wide terrace fields at Longji. 1．A．shouts B．states C．glances D．speaks 2．A．artists B．psychologists C．physicists D．pianists 3．A．struggled B．devoted C．listed D．responded 4．A．erosion B．protection C．selection D．pollution 5．A．frightening B．satisfying C．fascinating D．surprising 6．A．especially B．eventually C．regularly D．cheerfully 7．A．relieve B．upset C．depress D．delight 8．A．scenery B．nature C．sight D．background 9．A．time B．spring C．seasons D．autumn 10．A．releasing B．falling C．selling D．collecting 11．A．journey B．visit C．travel D．voyage 12．A．well-beloved B．well-defined C．well-appointed D．well-designed 13．A．move B．trip C．sail D．walk 14．A．expected B．extended C．doubted D．witnessed 15．A．noticing B．observing C．watching D．feeling 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了桂林的自然景观、文化特色及旅游体验，展现了桂林作为世界遗产地的独特魅力。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国有一句名言，内容是“桂林山水甲天下”。A. shouts呼喊；B. states陈述，说明；C. glances瞥视；D. speaks说（后常接语言）。此处指名言“表述”的内容，强调用文字或语言陈述观点。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有不少著名艺术家关于桂林奇妙景观的诗词和画作。A. artists艺术家；B. psychologists心理学家；C. physicists物理学家；D. pianists钢琴家。根据上文“poems and paintings”可知，创作诗词和画作的是“艺术家”。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：桂林最著名的是被列为世界遗产的喀斯特地貌。A. struggled挣扎；B. devoted奉献；C. listed列出，列为；D. responded回应。结合常识可知，“世界遗产”是被官方“列为”的称号，“listed as”为固定搭配，意为“列为”。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自然侵蚀为桂林及周边的阳朔镇赋予了独特迷人的绿色山峰和蜿蜒的河流航道。A. erosion侵蚀；B. protection保护；C. selection选择；D. pollution污染。根据上文“Guilin is most famous for the world heritage site 　　3　　 karst landscape which has been ‘carved’ by the sea and wind over millions of years.”可知，喀斯特地貌由海水和风力“侵蚀”形成，故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种自然侵蚀为桂林及周边的阳朔镇赋予了独特迷人的绿色山峰和蜿蜒的河流航道。A. frightening可怕的；B. satisfying令人满意的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据句意可知，此处描述桂林山水的魅力，“fascinating”与“unique”并列，突出景观的吸引力。故选C项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：桂林的另一个优势是其干净且“适合游客”的环境——尤其是清新的空气——桂林真是一座让所有游客都喜爱的城市！A. especially尤其；B. eventually最终；C. regularly定期地；D. cheerfully愉快地。分析句子可知“clean air”是对“clean environment”的具体强调，用“especially”突出重点。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：桂林的另一个优势是其干净且“适合游客”的环境——尤其是清新的空气——桂林真是一座让所有游客都喜爱的城市！A. relieve缓解；B. upset使心烦；C. depress使沮丧；D. delight使高兴。根据“Another plus point in Guilin’s favour is its clean ‘tourist friendly’ environment— 　　6　　 the clean air—Guilin is truly a city to 　　7　　 any tourist! ”可知，桂林的环境让游客喜爱，即让游客高兴。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：桂林著名的“童话般”风景全年翠绿，即便如此，从11月到次年5月的不同季节，桂林仍有色彩斑斓的树木开花和落叶的季节。A. scenery风景；B. nature自然；C. sight景象；D. background背景。根据下文“ in Guilin with colorful trees blossoming and 10 leaves at various times of the year from November to May.”可知，此处介绍桂林的风景，“picturesque scenery”为固定搭配，指“风景如画的景观”。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：桂林著名的“童话般”风景全年翠绿，即便如此，从11月到次年5月的不同季节，桂林仍有色彩斑斓的树木开花和落叶的季节。A. time时间；B. spring春天；C. seasons季节；D. autumn秋天。根据下文“at various times of the year from November to May.”可知涵盖多个月份，对应不同季节。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：桂林著名的“童话般”风景全年翠绿，即便如此，从11月到次年5月的不同季节，桂林仍有色彩斑斓的树木开花和落叶的季节。A. releasing释放；B. falling落下；C. selling出售；D. collecting收集。呼应上文“ colorful trees blossoming”此处指落叶，“falling leaves”为固定搭配，指“落叶”，符合季节变化的景象。故选B项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：游览桂林时，当然有许多自然奇观值得欣赏，包括令人惊叹的天然喀斯特洞穴和造型奇特的山峰。A. journey旅程；B. visit游览，访问；C. travel旅行（泛指）；D. voyage航海。根据下文“trip to enjoy the natural wonders in the city of Guilin”可知，此处指“在游览桂林期间”，强调目的地的访问；而travel通常强调整个探索过程，不符合语境。故选B项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们定制的桂林之旅将为您提供精心设计的行程，享受桂林的自然奇观。A. well-beloved深受喜爱的；B. well-defined定义明确的；C. well-appointed设备齐全的；D. well-designed精心设计的。根据上文“customized Guilin tours”可知，行程是精心设计的。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：并通过乘坐漓江游船驶入一幅山水画卷。A. move移动；B. trip绊倒；C. sail航行；D. walk行走。“sail into”指“航行进入”，与下文“Li River Cruise”呼应。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的桂林之旅可以延伸到附近的县。A. expected期待；B. extended延伸；C. doubted怀疑；D. witnessed见证。根据下文“ the nearby counties, by taking bamboo rafting on Yulong River in Yangshuo, and also to Longsheng ”可知，此处表示行程从桂林扩展到周边地区。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：还可以到龙胜感受龙脊梯田的壮丽。A. noticing注意到；B. observing观察；C. watching观看；D. feeling感受。根据下文“the majesty of wide terrace fields”强调梯田的宏伟气势，需通过感受来体会，故选D项。 Passage8 （23-24高二上·重庆黔江·月考） Zhangye National Geopark, which 1 (lie) in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, is blessed with a splendid Danxia landform area 2 (cover) about 1,289 square kilometers. The Danxia landforms are 3 masterpiece of nature. The colorful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and bright yellow streak across the mountain, forming 4 is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain.   The beautiful landscapes 5 (create) by sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the years due to tectonic plate movements. Wind, rain, and time then carved the rock formations and rolling hills into 6 (vary) extraordinary shapes, including towers, pillars and valleys.   7 (declare) a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010 and a national park in 2011, the landform has become a top tourist 8 (attract). The park features a series of boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colorful sandstone landscapes. There are viewing platforms 9 (special) designed, enabling tourists to get close to the hills and feast their eyes on the magnificent sights without damaging the fragile ecosystem. Shuttle bus service is available, making 10 easy for tourists to get around the park. 【答案】 1．lies 2．covering 3．a 4．what 5．were created 6．various/varied 7．Declared 8．attraction 9．specially 10．it 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍位于中国西北部的甘肃省张掖国家地质公园里的丹霞地貌。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：张掖国家地质公园位于中国西北部甘肃省，拥有壮观的丹霞地貌，面积约1289平方公里。句子结构分析可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词Zhangye National Geopark指物，且为单数形式，从句中缺少谓语，由此可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，且陈述一般事实，应使用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填lies。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：张掖国家地质公园位于中国西北部甘肃省，拥有壮观的丹霞地貌，面积约1289平方公里。句子结构分析可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰名词短语 a splendid Danxia landform area, a splendid Danxia landform area与动词cover为逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处应填cover的现在分词形式。故填covering。 3．考查冠词。句意：丹霞地貌是大自然的杰作。masterpiece为可数名词，此句中表达“大自然的一项杰作”，表泛指，用不定冠词修饰可数名词单数，且masterpiece起始音为辅音音素，用不定冠词a。故填a。 4．考查名词性从句。句意：火红色、奶油橙色、丰富的绿色和明亮的黄色条纹横贯山脉，形成了被称为最美丽的彩虹山。句子结构分析可知，“____4____ is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain”为名词性从句作form的宾语，设空处在宾语从句中作主语，指物，表示“……的事物”，可用连接代词what引导。故填what。 5．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些美丽的景观是由多年来由于构造板块运动而堆积在一起的砂岩和矿物质形成的。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由下文可知此句阐述发生在过去的事实，用一般过去时态，主语The incredible landscapes与create之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动，The incredible landscapes作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填were created。 6．考查形容词。句意：风、雨和时间把岩层和起伏的丘陵雕刻成各种不同的形状，包括塔、柱和山谷。分析句子结构可知，空处应使用形容词修饰名词shapes，vary形容词两种形式various或varied均可。故填various/varied。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：2010年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，2011年被列为国家公园，这一地貌已成为顶级旅游景点。分析句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词，动词declare与其逻辑主语the landform之间为动宾关系，设空处应填过去分词表被动，设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填Declared。 8．考查名词。句意：2010年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，2011年被列为国家公园，这一地貌已成为顶级旅游景点。设空处在句中作表语，由空前的冠词a可知设空处应填可数名词单数形式作表语，attraction“向往的地方;有吸引力的事”为可数名词，tourist attraction意为“旅游胜地，旅游景点”符合句意。故填attraction。 9．考查副词。句意：这里有专门设计的观景台，让游客在不破坏脆弱的生态系统的情况下，可以接近群山，饱览壮丽的景色。设空处在句中作状语修饰动词designed，副词specially“专门地；特意”符合句意。故填specially。 10．考查代词。句意：有穿梭巴士服务，方便游客游览公园。句子结构以及句意分析可知，设空处为形式宾语，“to get around the park”是真正的宾语，设空处填it作形式宾语。故填it。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 话题阅读精练 主题词汇积累 一、世界遗产分类相关 cultural heritage（文化遗产） natural heritage（自然遗产） mixed heritage（混合遗产） cultural landscape（文化景观） tangible cultural heritage（物质文化遗产） intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） world heritage site（世界遗产地） heritage listing（遗产名录收录） 二、遗产保护方面 protect/preserve world heritage（保护世界遗产） conserve cultural relics（保护文物） prevent damage（防止破坏） restore historic buildings（修复历史建筑） safeguard traditional crafts（保护传统工艺） combat illegal excavation（打击非法挖掘） carry out restoration projects（开展修复项目） raise awareness of heritage protection（提高遗产保护意识） 三、遗产探索与体验方面 explore World Heritage Sites（探索世界遗产地） visit historic ruins（参观历史遗迹） admire ancient architecture（欣赏古代建筑） appreciate artistic masterpieces（欣赏艺术杰作） learn about cultural traditions（了解文化传统） witness natural wonders（见证自然奇观） take guided tours of heritage sites（参加遗产地有导游的游览） document heritage values（记录遗产价值） 四、遗产面临的挑战方面 cultural erosion（文化侵蚀） environmental pollution（环境污染） over-tourism（过度旅游） natural disasters（自然灾害） urbanization pressure（城市化压力） illegal trade of cultural relics（文物非法交易） climate change impact（气候变化影响） lack of protection funds（缺乏保护资金） 五、遗产相关政策与行动方面 apply for world heritage status（申请世界遗产地位） formulate protection regulations（制定保护法规） implement conservation plans（实施保护计划） international cooperation on heritage protection（遗产保护国际合作） launch heritage education programs（开展遗产教育项目） promote sustainable tourism at heritage sites（推动遗产地可持续旅游） set up heritage protection zones（设立遗产保护区） 时文拓展阅读 World Heritage Sites are treasures of human civilization and natural wonders that transcend national borders and time. Recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), these sites carry profound historical, cultural and ecological significance, serving as bridges for cross-cultural communication and witnesses to the evolution of human society. From the majestic Great Wall of China, which winds through mountains and plains, to the mysterious Machu Picchu perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru; from the breathtaking Great Barrier Reef in Australia, teeming with marine life, to the ancient city of Rome, steeped in history, each world heritage site tells a unique story. They are not only symbols of a country's cultural identity but also common wealth of all humanity, reminding us of the splendid achievements of our ancestors and the beauty of nature's creations. However, World Heritage Sites around the globe are facing an array of threats. Over-tourism has led to overcrowding in some popular sites, causing damage to historic structures and ecological environments. Climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme weather events, poses risks to both natural and cultural heritage—melting glaciers threaten mountainous heritage sites, while acid rain corrodes ancient buildings and artworks. Additionally, illegal excavation, cultural erosion caused by modernization, and lack of adequate protection funds further endanger these precious treasures. Protecting World Heritage Sites is an urgent and long-term task that requires the joint efforts of all countries and individuals. Governments should strengthen the formulation and implementation of protection policies, establish strict management systems for heritage sites, and increase investment in protection funds. International organizations need to promote cooperation and information sharing among countries to address global challenges facing heritage protection. For individuals, we can raise our awareness of heritage protection, abide by the regulations of heritage sites when visiting, and spread the concept of protecting world heritage to more people. In an era of rapid globalization and profound social changes, protecting World Heritage Sites is not only about preserving the past but also about shaping the future. These sites are living textbooks that allow future generations to learn about history, appreciate culture, and cherish nature. By safeguarding world heritage, we are safeguarding the diversity of human civilization and the sustainability of the planet, leaving a valuable legacy for our descendants. 【译文欣赏】 旅行不仅仅是参观新的地方，更是一场自我发现和文化沉浸的旅程。在这个全球化让世界比以往任何时候都更容易抵达的时代，越来越多的人选择走出自己的舒适区，去探索我们星球所拥有的各种奇观。 无论你是在白雪皑皑的喜马拉雅山脉徒步旅行，在欧洲村庄的鹅卵石街道上漫步，还是在加勒比海阳光明媚的海滩上放松身心，每个目的地都有其独特的魅力，给旅行者留下持久的印记。让旅行真正有意义的不是你参观过的地方数量，而是你建立的联系、学到的教训以及它如何丰富你对生活的看法。 旅行时，带着开放的心态和尊重的态度去接触不同的文化至关重要。尝试当地食物、学习几句当地语言的基本短语、与当地人交流，都能加深你对这个地方的理解。此外，负责任的旅行近年来变得越来越重要。这意味着最大限度地减少你的环境影响、支持当地企业并保护你所参观目的地的文化遗产。 在这个充满压力和干扰的快节奏世界里，旅行提供了一个放慢脚步、与自然重新连接并反思真正重要事物的机会。它提醒我们，世界是广阔的，充满了可能性，而且总有新的东西值得学习和发现。所以，收拾好你的行李，拥抱未知，让旅行成为你生活中快乐、成长和灵感的源泉。 【词汇积累】 transcend [trænˈsend] vt. 超越；超出 profound [prəˈfaʊnd] adj. 深厚的；意义深远的 evolution [ˌiːvəˈluːʃn] n. 演变；进化 majestic [məˈdʒestɪk] adj. 雄伟的；壮丽的 perched [pɜːtʃt] adj. 位于高处的 teem with 充满；遍布 steeped in 沉浸于；充满 array [əˈreɪ] n. 一系列；一批 corrosion [kəˈrəʊʒn] n. 腐蚀；侵蚀 urgent [ˈɜːdʒənt] adj. 紧迫的；急需处理的 formulation [ˌfɔːmjʊˈleɪʃn] n. 制定；构想 sustainability [səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti] n. 可持续性 descendant [dɪˈsendənt] n. 后代；子孙 【长难句分析】 1. From the majestic Great Wall of China, which winds through mountains and plains, to the mysterious Machu Picchu perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru; from the breathtaking Great Barrier Reef in Australia, teeming with marine life, to the ancient city of Rome, steeped in history, each world heritage site tells a unique story. 抓标志：关系代词 which；过去分词短语（perched high...、teeming with...、steeped in...）作后置定语 判类型：介词短语作状语（包含多个定语修饰名词）＋主句（主谓宾结构） 试翻译：从蜿蜒穿梭于山川平原的雄伟中国长城，到矗立在秘鲁安第斯山脉高处的神秘马丘比丘；从澳大利亚海洋生物繁盛、令人叹为观止的大堡礁，到历史悠久的古罗马城，每一处世界遗产地都诉说着独特的故事。 2. Climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme weather events, poses risks to both natural and cultural heritage—melting glaciers threaten mountainous heritage sites, while acid rain corrodes ancient buildings and artworks. 抓标志：插入语（such as...）；破折号引导解释说明成分；连词 while 判类型：主句（主谓宾结构）＋插入语＋解释说明句（包含并列分句） 试翻译：气温上升、极端天气等气候变化对自然和文化遗产均构成风险 —— 冰川融化威胁着山地遗产地，酸雨则侵蚀着古老的建筑和艺术品。 【词汇延伸】 UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) 联合国教科文组织 cultural identity 文化认同 natural wonders 自然奇观 joint efforts 共同努力 protection funds 保护资金 高考真题链接 (2025·湖南邵阳·模拟预测）Perhaps one of the greatest joys of traveling is drinking in the local culture. Its essence is all around, reflected in the food, the dialects, and of course, the architecture. This is a list of iconic buildings that the world wouldn’t be the same without. The Hanging Temple, China The Hanging Temple, a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan, is the world’s only temple blending (融合) Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. Supported by wooden pillars (柱) and corridors, this temple has survived from floods because of its location. Taj Mahal, India Taj Mahal, India’s iconic white marble mausoleum (陵墓), was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife. The construction began one year after she died in 1631 and the mausoleum was completed in 1648 with the surrounding buildings and gardens taking another five years to complete. Today the Taj Mahal is under the threat of acid rain. The Burj Al Arab, The United Arab Emirates Burj Al Arab, Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel, stands on a man-made island in the Persian Gulf. As one of the world’s most luxurious hotels, it boasts a 590-foot-tall hall, two restaurants and 202 luxurious suites, featuring floor-to-ceiling windows with sea views. Sydney Opera House, Australia Sydney Opera House, a UNESCO site since 2007, features iconic concrete shells rising from Sydney Harbour. As Australia’s center of the arts scene, it remains a top attraction for visitors worldwide. 1．Which of the following is a feature of the Hanging Temple in China? A．It is the tallest temple in the world. B．It combines three different religions. C．It was destroyed by floods many times. D．It was built entirely with concrete materials. 2．When was the entire Taj Mahal complex officially finished? A．In 1631. B．In 1632. C．In 1648. D．In 1653. 3．What do the Burj Al Arab and the Sydney Opera House have in common? A．Both were constructed as hotels. B．Bothwere primarily used as cultural event site. C．Both are located near large bodies of water. D．Both are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 细节理解题解题思维 1.定位关键词：阅读题干，找出题干中的关键信息（如人名、地名、时间、数字、核心名词或动词等），然后回到原文中定位相关段落和句子。 2. 比对信息：将题干中的信息与原文中的对应信息进行仔细比对，注意同义替换、词性转换、句式变化等情况，确保答案与原文信息一致。 3. 排除干扰项：逐一分析选项，排除与原文信息不符、无中生有、过于绝对或范围扩大 / 缩小的干扰项。 4. 注意特殊句式：关注原文中的转折句、因果句、例证句等特殊句式，这些句子往往是细节理解题的出题点。 1.The Hanging Temple, a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan, is the world’s only temple blending Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. 抓标志：同位语（a 1,500-year-old marvel on Mt. Hengshan）；现在分词短语（blending...）作后置定语 判类型：主句（主系表结构）＋同位语＋后置定语 试翻译：悬空寺是恒山上一座有着 1500 年历史的奇迹，也是世界上唯一一座融合了佛教、道教和儒家思想的寺庙。 Taj Mahal, India’s iconic white marble mausoleum, was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife. 抓标志：同位语（India’s iconic white marble mausoleum）；被动语态（was built）；介词短语（in memory of...）作目的状语 判类型：主句（被动语态主谓结构）＋同位语＋目的状语 试翻译：泰姬陵是印度标志性的白色大理石陵墓，由沙贾汗皇帝为纪念他心爱的妻子而建造。 2.The construction began one year after she died in 1631 and the mausoleum was completed in 1648 with the surrounding buildings and gardens taking another five years to complete. 抓标志：连词 and（连接两个并列分句）；时间状语从句（after she died in 1631）；with 复合结构（with the surrounding... to complete） 判类型：并列复合句（两个主句并列）＋时间状语从句＋with 复合结构（作补充说明） 试翻译：这项工程在她 1631 年去世一年后动工，陵墓于 1648 年完工，而周边的建筑和花园又花了五年时间才建成。 3.Burj Al Arab, Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel, stands on a man-made island in the Persian Gulf. 抓标志：同位语（Dubai’s iconic sail-shaped hotel）；介词短语（on a man-made island...）作地点状语 判类型：主句（主谓结构）＋同位语＋地点状语 试翻译：阿拉伯塔酒店（帆船酒店）是迪拜标志性的帆形酒店，矗立在波斯湾的一座人工岛上。 Sydney Opera House, a UNESCO site since 2007, features iconic concrete shells rising from Sydney Harbour. 抓标志：同位语（a UNESCO site since 2007）；现在分词短语（rising from...）作后置定语 判类型：主句（主谓宾结构）＋同位语＋后置定语 试翻译：悉尼歌剧院自 2007 年起被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，其标志性的混凝土壳结构从悉尼港拔地而起。 ①essence 本质；精髓 ②dialect 方言；土语 ③iconic 标志性的；象征性的 ④marvel 奇迹；令人惊叹的事物 ⑤Buddhism 佛教 ⑥Taoism 道教 ⑦Confucianism 儒家思想；儒学 ⑧marble 大理石 ⑨mausoleum 陵墓；陵寝 ⑩boast 拥有（引以为傲的事物） 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 349 莫高窟的历史价值、艺术成就、发现意义以及保护措施。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 321 位于岷江成都平原的都江堰灌溉系统。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 304 威尼斯没有被列入联合国教科文组织“世界遗产濒危”名单，以及各国对此的态度。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 299 澳大利亚保护大堡礁的措施，包括改善水质、限制捕鱼和创新实验。 Passage5 阅读理解 说明文 335 敦煌研究院的文化遗产保护者对莫高窟文物的修复工作。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 444 海南黎族黎锦有3000年历史，2009年入非遗。 Passage7 完形填空 说明文 243 桂林的自然景观、文化特色及旅游体验，展现了桂林作为世界遗产地的独特魅力。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 199 位于中国西北部的甘肃省张掖国家地质公园里的丹霞地貌。 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·黑龙江大庆·期中）Carved into the cliffs above the Daquan River, the Mogao Caves, southeast of the Dunhuang oasis, Gansu province, contain the largest, richest, and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art in the world. It was first constructed in 366 AD and represents the great achievement of Buddhist art from the 4th to the 14th century. Four hundred and ninety-two caves are presently preserved, housing about 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,000 painted sculptures. Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty contains one of the oldest and most vivid scenes of cultural exchanges along the Silk Road, showing a camel pulling a cart typical of trade missions of that period. As evidence of the evolution of Buddhist art in the northwest region of China, the Mogao Caves are of unmatched historical value. These works provide an abundance of vivid materials depicting various aspects of medieval (中世纪的) politics, economies, culture, arts, religion, ethnic relations, and daily dress in western China. Many of these masterpieces are creations of an unparalleled aesthetic (美学的) talent. The discovery of the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in 1900, together with the tens of thousands of manuscripts and relics it contained, has been acclaimed as the world’s greatest discovery of ancient Oriental (东方的) culture. This significant heritage provides invaluable reference for studying the complex history of ancient China and Central Asia. The Mogao Caves were included on the World Heritage List in 1987. At the state level, China has put all World Heritage Sites under top-level protection. In 1961, the Mogao Caves were listed as one of the State Priority Protected Sites by the State Council and were put under the protection of national laws, including the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics. The Administrative Institution of the Mogao Caves has been cooperating with international counterparts (同行) to study conservation and site management and looks forward to continuing its work in preserving the heritage of the site. 1．What can we infer from Cave 302 of the Sui Dynasty? A．It is important for the study of ancient craftsmanship. B．It’s important for the research of the history of Central Asia. C．It shows the evolution of Buddhist art in ancient China. D．It has great value for the study of the history of the Silk Road. 2．Which word can replace the underlined word “depicting” in paragraph 2? A．Presenting. B．Observing. C．Intending. D．Processing. 3．How does the author feel about the discovery of Library Cave? A．Proud. B．Amazed. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned. 4．Why does the author write the last paragraph? A．To introduce the laws that protect the Mogao Caves. B．To give advice on how to protect the Mogao Caves. C．To tell us that the Mogao Caves are well protected. D．To explain the measures taken to protect the Mogao Caves. Passage 2 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）Located on the Chengdu Plain of the Minjiang River, the Dujiangyan Irrigation System is one of the oldest irrigation systems in the world and also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since its construction around 256 BC during the Qin Dynasty, it has turned into a living relic, benefiting people living on the Chengdu Plain and making many believe that it is actually a greater architectural miracle than the Great Wall. Li Bing, the governor of Shu for the State of Qin, and his son led the construction. Instead of building a dam, they harnessed the river using a new method at that time: dividing the water. There are three main parts of the construction: Yuzui (Fish Mouth Levee), Feishayan (Flying Sand Weir) and Baopingkou (Bottle-Neck Channel). Each has a different, indispensable function. The first Minjiang River barrier is Yuzui. It was built at the bend of the river, where the surging water is divided into the inner and outer rivers by the “dikes”. The lateral canal drains the flood and the inner canal flows into the Chengdu Plain through Baopingkou. Feishayan helps regulate the water flow by allowing excess water and sand to be discharged back into the Minjiang River. This ensures that only a controlled amount of water enters the irrigation network, reducing the risk of flooding in downstream areas. What’s more, it prevents the sand from entering the irrigation channels. The purpose of Baopingkou was to divert and irrigate the water entering the Chengdu Plain. If a large amount of water was blocked by Baopingkou during the flood period, the water level would rise. When the water level exceeded a certain level, the drainage channel behind Feishayan would be discharged to the outer river to achieve the secondary flood discharge. Every design in the Dujiangyan Irrigation System takes full advantage of the local environmental characteristics. It takes advantage of nature instead of conquering it by means of human intervention. 1．Which of the following is true about the Dujiangyan Irrigation System? A．It was built in the Han Dynasty. B．It is made up of four main parts. C．It has a history of more than 2,200 years. D．It’s the largest irrigation project in the world. 2．What does the Dujiangyan Irrigation System mainly do? A．It blocks the water of the Minjiang River. B．It divides the water of the Minjiang River. C．It stores the water of the Minjiang River. D．It changes the route of the Minjiang River. 3．What’s the main function of Feishayan? A．To divide the Minjiang River. B．To change the river’s course. C．To release flood water and deal with sand. D．To control the water entering the Chengdu Plain. 4．What’s behind the Dujiangyan Irrigation System according to the author? A．Ancient Chinese people’s valuing science. B．Ancient Chinese people’s being smarter than us. C．Humans’ taking control of nature and conquering it. D．Humans’ respecting and living in harmony with nature. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广东深圳·月考）Venice will not be included on UNESCO’s list of “World Heritage in Danger” after a panel (小组) voted on Thursday to reject the recommendation of experts at the agency who had raised concerns that Italy had not done enough to protect the fragile city threatened by climate change, mass tourism and development. “Venice is not at risk,” Mayor Luigi Brugnaro wrote on social media, describing the result as a “great victory”. He added, “The world has understood all the work we have done to save our city.” Italy was warned in July that Venice, a World Heritage Site since 1987, was being considered for UNESCO’s “in danger” list, despite significant changes made to try to protect Venice. Large cruise ships have been banned from entering Venetian waters. Massive barriers at the mouths of the lagoon hold seawater at bay and stop high tides from flooding the city. And officials have begun tracking tourists via their cellphone data to monitor their movements. Starting next year, day-trippers to Venice are expected to pay 5 euros on days when the city is extremely crowded with tourists. City officials hope that the measure will control some of the millions of tourists flocking to the city each year. Those who stay overnight won't be charged. Despite the changes in Venice, UNESCO experts closely monitoring the city felt that Italy and the local government had not done enough. Once a site is placed on the danger list, it can lose its World Heritage status, which acknowledges its outstanding universal value. But the 21 member states thought Italy’s efforts were to be appreciated, and several said it was “premature” to put Venice on the list. Several pointed out that climate change was a global issue, affecting many cultural heritage sites, and said Italy should not be singled out. 1．What is the attitude of the Mayor of Venice towards the result? A．Unbelieving. B．Neutral C．Unconcerned. D．Content. 2．What is Paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The conservational efforts of Venice. B．The warning issued about Venice. C．Venice's being recognized as in danger. D．The multiple threats posed to Venice. 3．Why will Venice charge its tourists taking day trips extra? A．To boost the local economy. B．To monitor their movements. C．To fight global climate crisis. D．To control excessive tourism. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To argue Venice should not be on the list. B．To explain how Venice is protected. C．To report that Venice is safe, D．To show Italy has not done enough. Passage 4 （23-24高二下·江西吉安·期末）The Australian government has given the World Heritage Committee the most recent information on the measures it has taken to protect the Great Barrier Reef from human-made climate change. Last June, the World Heritage Committee chose not to list the Reef as “in danger”, but asked Australia to give an update on its preservation measures by February 1. In the report, the government has shown how its policies and scientific research are helping to protect the heritage-listed reef. Improving water quality, tough new fishing restrictions and unusual experiments in “cloud brightening” are all listed in the report. The government had invested $1.2 billion in the Reef, while the Queensland government had invested more than $1 billion since 2015. “The Great Barrier Reef is the best managed reef in the world and the report shows the significant action we are taking to protect this important natural wonder,” said Senator Nita Green. Environment Minister Tanya Plibersek has unveiled a new strategy to protect and restore the wetland areas of the Reef, which she said had decreased by over 50 per cent since European settlement. Water quality improvements were a focus in the government’s report, after the Committee said they were concerned that it was taking too long to meet targets. 140,000 tons of sediment (沉积物) had been prevented from entering the Reef over the past decade. Gillnet (刺网) fishing was being gradually stopped using, with half the previously allowed number of licenses issued this month. Conservationists welcomed the ban on gillnets, but others warned the move could ruin the fishing industry. These projects have been exploring whether it is possible to provide shade for coral reefs by artificially increasing the reflectiveness of clouds, or creating fogs to stop sunlight reaching below the sea surface. 1．What is the main focus of the report to the World Heritage Committee? A．Funding details. B．Preservation measures. C．Environmental challenges. D．Economic impact on fishing. 2．What suggests that the Great Barrier Reef project is valued by the government? A．The creative experiment. B．The decrease in wetland areas. C．The sediment run-off mapping. D．The amount of funding it has received. 3．What does the underlined word “unveiled” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Covered. B．Announced. C．Hidden. D．Removed. 4．What are conservationists’ views on the gillnet ban? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Unclear. Passage5 （25-26高二上·四川成都·期中）It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage restorers at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The team is committed to protecting the 45,000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road. “Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy. Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and chipping (裂痕), as well as erosion (侵蚀) that is caused by changes in temperature and moisture of the caves. To restore a mural requires a multi-talented individual, and restorers should know painting, master the skills of craft and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward. The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the current situation of the murals rather than repainting them. When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses of history,” explains Su. “When you pursue the so-called intact (完好的) look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.” Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems. “It needs a long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetime,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible. 1．Why does the Dunhuang Academy restore the murals? A．To promote cultural exchanges. B．To help study the ancient Silk Road. C．To spread the spirit of Dunhuang globally. D．To keep it on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site. 2．How does the author feel the restoration work? A．Creative. B．Traditional. C．Risky. D．Demanding. 3．What does Su suggest about restoring mural? A．It is advised to keep its current state. B．It is supposed to pursue a perfect look. C．Its missing parts should be restored in time. D．It can be repainted to fix its appearance. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Significance of Mural Preservation. B．The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings. C．The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves. D．The Experiments on Cave Conservation. Passage6 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）Chinese inheritors keep the traditional crafts alive in modern times Li brocade, created by the Li ethnic group in Hainan province, has a history of around 3,000 years. The process of making Li brocade involves four steps: spinning (纺), dyeing (染), weaving (织) and embroidering (绣). These traditional techniques were listed as an intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in need of urgent safeguarding by UNESCO in 2009.   For thousands of years, Li brocade has been primarily made by women who passed down the skills to their daughters. Fu Haikang, 40, is the only male inheritor (传承人) of Li brocade-making techniques in Baisha Li autonomous county (白沙黎族自治县). When his grandma showed him a traditional outfit (服装) of the Li people during his childhood, he was amazed by its beauty and has since developed a keen interest in the craft, which he described as a “living fossil (活化石)”. “My love of the craft stems from (源于) my admiration for the ancestors of the Li people,” Fu said, adding that as the Li ethnic group doesn’t have their own written language, Li women would weave or embroider what they’ve seen in life onto Li brocade, including patterns of people, animals and flowers. In 2014, Fu began learning Li brocade-making techniques from his teacher and would sometimes practice for over 10 hours a day. Though sitting among a group of women while learning embroidery made him feel embarrassed, he never thought about giving up. “I just want to pursue what I’m passionate about,” Fu said. Making an entire outfit using Li brocade-making techniques is a complex process that takes nearly a year. When making a top, for example, craftsmen in Baisha county employ double-sided embroidery (双面绣), a technique in which stitching (缝) takes place on both sides of a single fabric. After being named an inheritor of the Li brocade-making techniques in 2022, Fu went to schools and towns to teach people this traditional craft. His students range in age from 9 to 60, some of whom are women who take care of their kids at home and do not have a job. So Fu teaches them to make cultural products such as pouches (荷包) using Li brocade-making techniques to help them make money. “In fact, many people in Baisha county are unfamiliar with the craft,” Fu said. By letting more people learn about Li brocade-making techniques in his classes, Fu hopes that he can help pass them down to future generations. 1．What does the article tell us about Li brocade-making techniques? A．They are exclusively taught to women. B．They involve spinning, dyeing and knitting. C．They gained world heritage status in 2009. D．They have been around for three centuries. 2．What sparked Fu Haikang’s interest in the art of Li brocade-making? A．His grandmother’s experience. B．The beauty of a traditional Li outfit. C．His fascination with ancient culture. D．The lack of a Li language. 3．What does paragraph 4 highlight by detailing Fu’s learning journey? A．The patience it takes to make Li brocade. B．The most difficult part of making Li brocade. C．Fu’s dedication and determination. D．Fu’s outstanding embroidery skills. 4．How does Fu contribute to preserving Li brocade-making techniques? A．By educating a diverse audience. B．By innovating Li brocade products. C．By hiring more people in his business. D．By promoting them at home and abroad. Passage7 （2025高二·全国·专题练习）There is a well-known saying in China, which 1 “Guilin’s landscape is the finest under heaven.” There are in fact, quite a few very well-known poems and paintings by quite famous 2 about the wondrous landscape of Guilin. Guilin is most famous for the world heritage site 3 karst landscape which has been ‘carved’ by the sea and wind over millions of years. This natural 4 has gifted Guilin and the neighbouring town of Yangshuo with their unique and 5 green peaks and winding rivers and waterways. Another plus point in Guilin’s favour is its clean ‘tourist friendly’ environment — 6 the clean air — Guilin is truly a city to 7 any tourist! Guilin’s famous ‘fairytale’ picturesque 8 is green all-year-round and even so there are still 9 in Guilin with colorful trees blossoming and 10 leaves at various times of the year from November to May. There are of course many natural wonders to be held during a 11 to Guilin, between the amazing natural karst caves and sculpted peaks. Our customized Guilin tours will offer you a 12 trip to enjoy the natural wonders in the city of Guilin, such as Reed Flute Cave, Elephant Hill, ect, and 13 into a landscape painting by taking Li River Cruise. Our Guilin tours can be 14 to the nearby counties, by taking bamboo rafting on Yulong River in Yangshuo, and also to Longsheng 15 the majesty of wide terrace fields at Longji. 1．A．shouts B．states C．glances D．speaks 2．A．artists B．psychologists C．physicists D．pianists 3．A．struggled B．devoted C．listed D．responded 4．A．erosion B．protection C．selection D．pollution 5．A．frightening B．satisfying C．fascinating D．surprising 6．A．especially B．eventually C．regularly D．cheerfully 7．A．relieve B．upset C．depress D．delight 8．A．scenery B．nature C．sight D．background 9．A．time B．spring C．seasons D．autumn 10．A．releasing B．falling C．selling D．collecting 11．A．journey B．visit C．travel D．voyage 12．A．well-beloved B．well-defined C．well-appointed D．well-designed 13．A．move B．trip C．sail D．walk 14．A．expected B．extended C．doubted D．witnessed 15．A．noticing B．observing C．watching D．feeling Passage8 （23-24高二上·重庆黔江·月考） Zhangye National Geopark, which 1 (lie) in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, is blessed with a splendid Danxia landform area 2 (cover) about 1,289 square kilometers. The Danxia landforms are 3 masterpiece of nature. The colorful mountain ridges are just like an overturned palette from heaven. Bands of fiery red, creamy orange, rich green and bright yellow streak across the mountain, forming 4 is known as the most beautiful rainbow mountain.   The beautiful landscapes 5 (create) by sandstone and minerals piling on top of one another over the years due to tectonic plate movements. Wind, rain, and time then carved the rock formations and rolling hills into 6 (vary) extraordinary shapes, including towers, pillars and valleys.   7 (declare) a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010 and a national park in 2011, the landform has become a top tourist 8 (attract). The park features a series of boardwalks that allow visitors to walk around the colorful sandstone landscapes. There are viewing platforms 9 (special) designed, enabling tourists to get close to the hills and feast their eyes on the magnificent sights without damaging the fragile ecosystem. Shuttle bus service is available, making 10 easy for tourists to get around the park. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $