Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 同位语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 核心语法精练（同位语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（同位语从句全考查） 2 二、用同位语从句改写句子 4 三、用同位语从句完成句子 5 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 5 （一）同位语从句基本概念 核心要点 具体内容 例句 定义 同位语从句是在复合句中作同位语的从句，通常位于抽象名词之后，用以解释说明该抽象名词的具体内容，与抽象名词构成等同关系。 No one can deny the fact that the Abu Simbel temples were constructed in the 13th century BCE. 核心结构 抽象名词 + 同位语从句（引导词 + 陈述句语序） We have the belief that international cooperation is vital for heritage preservation. 常见先行词 多为抽象名词，常见的有：fact（事实）、idea（想法）、news（消息）、opinion（观点）、belief（信念）、doubt（怀疑）、suggestion（建议）、proposal（提议）、promise（承诺）、question（问题）等 The suggestion that we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering. （二）同位语从句关键用法 引导词 具体规则 例句 that 无意义，不作从句成分，仅起连接作用，不可省略；若先行词是 suggestion、advice、order 等表 “建议、命令” 的名词，从句谓语用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略。 The news that our team won the heritage protection competition made us excited. He put forward the suggestion that we (should) visit the historic site next weekend. whether 表 “是否”，不作从句成分，不可用 if 替换，常与 doubt、question 等名词连用。 There is some doubt whether the ancient building can be fully restored. what, which, who, whom, whose 有意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，指代人或事物。 I have no idea who will be in charge of the heritage survey. The question which heritage site to visit first remains undecided. when, where, how, why 有意义，在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点、方式、原因。 She asked the question when the World Heritage Convention was adopted. We need to discuss the problem how we can protect the cultural relics from damage. （三）同位语从句与定语从句的核心区别 对比维度 同位语从句 定语从句 功能 解释说明先行词的内容，与先行词是 “等同关系” 修饰限定先行词，与先行词是 “修饰关系” that 不作成分，无意义，不可省略 作主语或宾语，有指代意义，作宾语时可省略 先行词 仅为抽象名词 可指人、物、时间、地点等各类名词 从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词的具体内容 从句描述先行词的特征或属性 示例 The fact that he saved the cultural relic is true.（“他拯救了文物” 是 fact 的内容） The fact that we heard yesterday is true.（“我们昨天听到的” 修饰 fact） 一、单句语法填空（同位语从句全考查） 1．There is no doubt regular daily exercise can improve teenagers' physical fitness and reduce the risk of obesity. 2．The researcher has some doubt the new drug can effectively relieve the symptoms of the chronic disease within a short period. 3．At the beginning of the free training courses, many parents expressed doubt young athletes aged 8-14 could make a meaningful impact in sports competitions. 4．I have no idea or not the flight will be delayed due to the storm. 5．The teacher gave us a suggestion we should practice writing an English essay regularly to improve our skills. 6．People used to hold the belief the earth was the center of the universe. 7．Tibetan antelopes are seen as living proof conservation works, the number of which in the wild is recovering after years of decline. 8．The increase in divorce may be partly due to the fact people live longer. 9．There is no doubt in my mind he is the best candidate. 10．There is evidence those who can pursue their ambitions are more likely to succeed. 11．There is some doubt our experiment will succeed. 12．There is evidence the solar wind was more intense in the past. 13．There is no doubt he has made great progress this year. 14．He expressed his hope he would visit China again. 15．Word came Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature. 16．There is evidence urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins. 17．The rising house prices in most cities have aroused concern among young migrant workers they can’t afford themselves a house. 18．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. 19．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. 20．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time. 21．There is some doubt the weather will be good enough for the outdoor event. 22．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. 23．Word came the students would put off the outing until next week because of the bad weather. 24．Astronomers have long held the firm belief there are other livable planets in the vast universe. 25．The fact Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 26．There is no doubt we can’t complete it on time. 27．There is great concern it will be extremely cold this winter. 28．There is little doubt the new policy will bring benefits to the pubic in the near future. 29．There is no doubt you are experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills. 30．The rumor the company was going to lay off a significant number of employees spread quickly through the office. 二、用同位语从句合并句子 1．They also hold the opinion. It is beneficial to students with the poor self-control ability and helps them develop good study habits. . 2．Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet. The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. . 3．Our school volleyball team had won the championship. The news encouraged us all greatly . 4．It even leaves the scientists in wonder. They wonder what they should call the newly-­born creature, which looks half­-human and half-­animal. . 5．Recently, scientists have made a new discovery. Using chemical fertilizers for a long time can cause damage to the land and people’s health. . 6．The story goes as follows. The wind and the sun were disputing who was the stronger. . 7．A new problem is involved in the popularity of private cars. Road conditions need improving/to be improved. . 8． We don’t doubt that technology will improve the quality of services for the public. There is no doubt. . 9．I think the child should be sent to school. I hold the opinion. . 10．Will the sports meeting be held on time? The question will be discussed tomorrow. . 三、用同位语从句完成句子 1．It is a fact (吸烟有害健康). 2．No one can (否认事实) China is becoming more and more powerful in the international community. 3． (有证据表明) acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age. 4．So far there has been no evidence (其他行星上存在生命的). 5．The conclusion above (基于价格将保持稳定的假设)． 6．However, (越来越多的证据表明) the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 7．He often asked me the question (这个工作是否值得做). 8．People have no idea (在飞机上发生了什么) during the crash. 9．He gave a long account of his troubles, with the implication (他需要经济援助)． 10．To sum up, one cannot deny the fact 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （25-26高二·山东淄博·期末）The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 1 it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. “The Wandering Earth,” 2 (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 3 (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 4 has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 5 (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 6 (deep) researched. That makes 7 (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 8 far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 9 orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration. “I think there is a very close 10 (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive. B （25-26高二·湖北·期末）During the 1 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 2 (rise) about one degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 3 other natural changes . There is no doubt 4 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 5 is human activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 6 (burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 7 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 8 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three degree Celsius 9 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 10 (go) up. C (25-26高二上·重庆渝北·期中)The latest progress in the restoration of the Haihun bamboo slips (海昏侯墓竹简) 1 (announce) at the 10th anniversary conference in Nanchang, East China’s Jiangxi province on Saturday. Among the highlights is the discovery of the first complete version of the Book of Songs (Shi Jing) from the Qin and Han 2 (dynasty) (221 BC—AD220). Before the 3 (invent) of paper, bamboo and wooden slips were the main writing materials 4 (use) in ancient China. “Around 1,200 bamboo slips relevant 5 . The Book of Songs were unearthed from the Marquis of Haihun tomb,” Yang Jun, head of the Haihun tomb excavation team, told the Global Times. “This indicates the Hanhun Book of Songs is   6 complete version.” In addition to The Analects and The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Spring and Autumn Annals, and The Classic of Filial Piety are also included, There is no doubt 7 they are all ancient Chinese classics. These slips 8 (clear) reflect Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty’s policy of promoting Confucianism as the state ideology and 9 (collect) a wide range of classical texts. According to Fang, despite the challenges, most of the preservation work has now been completed, and full restoration is expected 10 (finish) by 2026. D (25-26高二上·湖南长沙·月考) During the dig outside the city walls, 1 (researcher) came across thirty to forty bodies 2 (lie) one on top of another. They had been 3 (murder). The men dug with great care, trying not to disturb the evidence of what had happened. Everyone was 4 (curiosity) as to why all these people had been killed at 5 same time. Was it just a coincidence? Deep in the ground below the bodies, they found a tomb made 6 stone. It contained many valuable things, including much gold 7 many jewels. Inside it lay the body of a man that was well-preserved. It was the fact 8 the man had been a king. This explained why the other bodies were there. The workers who had built the tomb were killed 9 (short) after the king had died, in order to keep the tomb a secret, and to make 10 (they) companions for him in death. E (25-26高二上·河北·期中) Modern technology is very important for protecting, digging up and studying the Liangzhu Archaeological (考古) Ruins in Zhejiang Province. A recent big discovery here shows this clearly — archaeologists found the evidence 1 a wall-like structure was outside the ancient city. Archaeologists say it might be a royal mausoleum (陵墓). If true, it could be one of China’s 2 (early) royal burial sites and make the country’s mausoleum history thousands of years older. This discovery mostly comes from an “air-sky-land-digital” method 3 (create) by Wang Ningyuan’s team. The method uses drones (无人机) (air), satellite pictures (sky), traditional fieldwork (land) and digital mapping (digital). This technology has brought great findings. It helped find the outer city in 2009, a dam system in 2011, and more dams between 2021 and 2024, 4 ultimately revealed the comprehensive structure of the Liangzhu water management system. Over the past few years, based on these discoveries, archaeologists 5 (piece) together how Liangzhu’s ancestors grew from small settlements into a great city-state. “Modern technological approaches have enabled the 6 (identify) of various functional structures that traditional methods could not detect, significantly 7 (reshape) our understanding of Liangzhu as an early state society,” Wang said. The application of technology extends beyond discovery 8 preservation and protection. Tiger Ridge Dam, a big white shell envelops the 5,000-year-old structure. Inside, tools monitor temperature and water levels, 9 an automatic system fixes problems 10 (efficient). Across the 162-square-kilometer site, cameras and underground sensors form an intelligent monitoring network. F (25-26高二上·全国·月考) In the heartland of China, near a 4,500-year-old farmland, a team of agricultural scientists is modernizing 1 ancient practice. They are using big data analytics and AI models 2 (improve) the output of a specific plot of land. At the experimental field near the Baodun Site, 3 evidence of ancient rice cultivation was found, researchers from Sichuan Agricultural University are using AI-powered models to evaluate the result of different hybrid rice 4 (variety). The modern research method has greatly saved time, 5 the conventional approach, which would require waiting until the harvest season of a certain rice hybrid, researchers said. Chinese archaeologists have unearthed carbonized rice at the Baodun site, a walled settlement 6 (date) from 4,500 to 4,200 years back. This late Neolithic culture emerging on the Chengdu Plain in southwestern China, bears witness 7 the agricultural dawn of ancient Chinese civilization. Today, the site’s agricultural values, and also archaeological and 8 (economy) values are being explored and expanded by technological means. In a nearby lab, researchers are constructing a 3D image of the site to study the impact of ancient floods and to understand the way 9 the special structures may have contributed to the wealth of the plain. In addition to rice cultivation, silk-weaving, another ancient invention that originated at the Chengdu Plain, 10 (receive) a modern technological boost to date. G (25-26高二上·重庆·月考) Archaeologists (考古学家) investigating the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in east China’s Jiangxi Province discovered the world’s 1 (old) steel acupuncture (针灸) needles. The delicate needles dating back to the time of the Western Han Dynasty 2 (find) within a jade tube initially. A wooden label lying nearby 3 (mark) with the words “Nine Needles Complete” confirms their identification, as ancient Chinese medical texts recommend the use of nine different needles during acupuncture. Each needle 4 (measure) 0.3 to 0.5 millimeters in diameter. Yang, leader of team noted that they were likely wrapped in cloth prior to 5 (place) in the jade tube, a practice that ensured cleanliness and safe handling. Analysis indicated that the needles were made from steel created with an advanced technique known 6 the “frying” process, allowing for their extraordinary   7 (thin). It was essential that the medical instruments be made from steel, since gold and silver are too soft, 8 iron rusts (生锈) too easily, which could cause infection. This breakthrough in material science directly fueled the evolution of acupuncture tools and the progress of medical practice itself. The discovery represents the wisdom and precision with 9 ancient physicians practiced their healing art, a legacy 10 continues to inspire traditional medicine today. H (24-25高二上·四川绵阳·期中) On Monday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing 1 (reveal) that archaeologists (考古学家) had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and 2 (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological 3 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have 4 (significant) uncovered important artifacts. Besides the shipwrecks  (沉船), various artifacts have been unearthed, most of 5 were made in kiln (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital”. The precise locations of  the shipwrecks and the cultural relics 6 (associate) with them were found through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submarines, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, 7 researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No. 1 shipwreck, 8 (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has produced 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed 9 Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck 10 (date) from the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery included. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 核心语法精练（同位语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（同位语从句全考查） 2 二、用同位语从句改写句子 8 三、用同位语从句完成句子 10 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 13 （一）同位语从句基本概念 核心要点 具体内容 例句 定义 同位语从句是在复合句中作同位语的从句，通常位于抽象名词之后，用以解释说明该抽象名词的具体内容，与抽象名词构成等同关系。 No one can deny the fact that the Abu Simbel temples were constructed in the 13th century BCE. 核心结构 抽象名词 + 同位语从句（引导词 + 陈述句语序） We have the belief that international cooperation is vital for heritage preservation. 常见先行词 多为抽象名词，常见的有：fact（事实）、idea（想法）、news（消息）、opinion（观点）、belief（信念）、doubt（怀疑）、suggestion（建议）、proposal（提议）、promise（承诺）、question（问题）等 The suggestion that we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering. （二）同位语从句关键用法 引导词 具体规则 例句 that 无意义，不作从句成分，仅起连接作用，不可省略；若先行词是 suggestion、advice、order 等表 “建议、命令” 的名词，从句谓语用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可省略。 The news that our team won the heritage protection competition made us excited. He put forward the suggestion that we (should) visit the historic site next weekend. whether 表 “是否”，不作从句成分，不可用 if 替换，常与 doubt、question 等名词连用。 There is some doubt whether the ancient building can be fully restored. what, which, who, whom, whose 有意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语，指代人或事物。 I have no idea who will be in charge of the heritage survey. The question which heritage site to visit first remains undecided. when, where, how, why 有意义，在从句中作状语，分别表示时间、地点、方式、原因。 She asked the question when the World Heritage Convention was adopted. We need to discuss the problem how we can protect the cultural relics from damage. （三）同位语从句与定语从句的核心区别 对比维度 同位语从句 定语从句 功能 解释说明先行词的内容，与先行词是 “等同关系” 修饰限定先行词，与先行词是 “修饰关系” that 不作成分，无意义，不可省略 作主语或宾语，有指代意义，作宾语时可省略 先行词 仅为抽象名词 可指人、物、时间、地点等各类名词 从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词的具体内容 从句描述先行词的特征或属性 示例 The fact that he saved the cultural relic is true.（“他拯救了文物” 是 fact 的内容） The fact that we heard yesterday is true.（“我们昨天听到的” 修饰 fact） 一、单句语法填空（同位语从句全考查） 1．There is no doubt regular daily exercise can improve teenagers' physical fitness and reduce the risk of obesity. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，每天有规律的锻炼能够提高青少年的身体素质，并降低肥胖的风险。引导同位语从句，说明doubt的内容，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故填that。 2．The researcher has some doubt the new drug can effectively relieve the symptoms of the chronic disease within a short period. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这位研究人员对这种新药能否在短期内有效缓解慢性病症状存有一些疑问。根据空前抽象名词“doubt”以及空后“the new drug can effectively relieve the symptoms of the chronic disease within a short period”句子结构完整可知，此处需填引导同位语从句的连接词，解释说明doubt的具体内容。doubt在肯定句中后接同位语从句时，常用whether引导，意为“是否”，不充当句子成分但表示疑问含义。故填whether。 3．At the beginning of the free training courses, many parents expressed doubt young athletes aged 8-14 could make a meaningful impact in sports competitions. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在免费培训课程开始时，许多家长对8-14岁的年轻运动员能否在体育比赛中产生有意义的影响表示怀疑。根据空前抽象名词“doubt”以及空后“young athletes aged 8-14 could make a meaningful impact in sports competitions”句子结构完整可知，此处需填引导同位语从句的连接词，解释说明doubt的具体内容。doubt在肯定句中后接同位语从句时，常用whether引导，意为“是否”，不充当句子成分但表示疑问含义。故填whether。 4．I have no idea or not the flight will be delayed due to the storm. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道这次航班是否会因为暴风雨而延误。whether...or not是固定搭配，意为“是否”，引导同位语从句，用来解释说明idea的具体内容。故填whether。 5．The teacher gave us a suggestion we should practice writing an English essay regularly to improve our skills. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：老师建议我们应该定期练习写英语作文来提高技能。根据空前名词suggestion以及空后完整的从句可知，此空引导同位语从句，是对suggestion的具体内容解释，应用引导词that，不作句子成分，无实际语义，仅起连接作用。故填that。 6．People used to hold the belief the earth was the center of the universe. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：人们过去常常持有这样的信念——地球是宇宙的中心。“the earth was the center of the universe”是对名词“belief”的具体内容的解释说明，是一个同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，应用连词that引导。故填that。 7．Tibetan antelopes are seen as living proof conservation works, the number of which in the wild is recovering after years of decline. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：藏羚羊被视为保护措施有效的生动证明，经过多年的数量下降后，野生藏羚羊的数量正在恢复。“______conservation works”是同位语从句，对“living proof”内容的具体解释说明，且该从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 8．The increase in divorce may be partly due to the fact people live longer. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：离婚率的上升可能部分是由于人们寿命更长这一事实。分析句子结构可知，空格后的句子“people live longer”是对前面“the fact”的解释说明，为同位语从句；且该从句结构完整，不缺少成分，应用that引导。故填that。 9．There is no doubt in my mind he is the best candidate. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我坚信他是最佳候选人。此处为同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容，从句结构和意义完整，应用that引导。且“There is no doubt that... ”为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”。故填that。 10．There is evidence those who can pursue their ambitions are more likely to succeed. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，那些能够追求自己抱负的人更有可能成功。分析句子可知，空格后是一个完整的句子，解释说明抽象名词“evidence” 的具体内容，因此需要用连词 “that”引导同位语从句。同位语从句中“those who can pursue their ambitions”为主语，“are more likely to succeed”为谓语部分，句子结构完整，不缺成分，故用“that”连接。故填that。 11．There is some doubt our experiment will succeed. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们的实验能否成功还有些疑问。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，同位语从句的主干成分完整，结合“some doubt”可知，空处需表达“是否”，应用连接词whether作引导词。故填whether。 12．There is evidence the solar wind was more intense in the past. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，过去的太阳风更强烈。本空引导同位语从句，对名词evidence进行解释说明，从句不缺成分或含义，所以用连接词that引导，故填that。 13．There is no doubt he has made great progress this year. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问他今年已经取得了巨大进步。空处引导同位语从句，对名词doubt进行解释说明，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that引导。故填that。 14．He expressed his hope he would visit China again. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他表示希望再次来中国访问。此处引导同位语从句，从句不缺成分，句意完整，故用that引导同位语从句，说明hope的内容。故填that。 15．Word came Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有消息称莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明Word，从句中不缺少成分，且从句句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。 16．There is evidence urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，城市浣熊比它们的野生同类更聪明。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的内容，从句不缺成分，且句意完整，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 17．The rising house prices in most cities have aroused concern among young migrant workers they can’t afford themselves a house. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：大多数城市不断上涨的房价引起了年轻外来务工人员的担忧，他们担心自己无法负担住房成本。空处引导名词性从句作concern的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 18．All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：所有的准备工作都已完成，但仍有部分人对一切能否按计划进行表示怀疑。引导同位语从句，表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。 19．As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question there is life on other planets. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：随着我们对宇宙了解的增多，我们也许有一天能回答其他星球上是否有生命这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空格后是同位语从句，解释说明“the question”的具体内容，从句结构完整，且表示“是否”的含义，应用连接词whether来引导。故填whether。 20．Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有时我会有一种不安的感觉，觉得这台小机器占用了我太多时间。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词feeling的具体内容，从句结构完整、意义明确，应用that来引导，that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 21．There is some doubt the weather will be good enough for the outdoor event. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：对于天气是否足够好以举行户外活动，还存在一些疑问。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容，从句不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，应用连接词whether引导。故填whether。 22．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 23．Word came the students would put off the outing until next week because of the bad weather. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：有消息传来，由于天气不好，学生们将把郊游推迟到下周。空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明Word的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此使用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 24．Astronomers have long held the firm belief there are other livable planets in the vast universe. 【答案】that 【详解】考查连接词。句意：长期以来，天文学家一直坚信，在浩瀚的宇宙中存在着其他宜居行星。空处引导同位语从句，对名词belief进行解释，从句句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that，that在从句中不充当任何成分。故填that。 25．The fact Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：玛雅社会在技术上是原始的，这一事实使其成就更加令人难以置信和神秘。空格处引导的是同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 26．There is no doubt we can’t complete it on time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，我们不能按时完成。There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”，此处引导同位语从句，解释doubt的内容，从句不缺少成分，引导词无词汇含义，用连接词that引导。故填that。 27．There is great concern it will be extremely cold this winter. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：人们非常担心今年冬天会非常寒冷。引导同位语从句，从句不缺少句意或成分，故用that。故填that。 28．There is little doubt the new policy will bring benefits to the pubic in the near future. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，新政策在不久的将来会给公众带来好处。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 29．There is no doubt you are experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，你在表达自己的想法方面经验丰富，因为你有丰富的技能。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，构成句型there is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。故填that。 30．The rumor the company was going to lay off a significant number of employees spread quickly through the office. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：公司要大量裁员的谣言很快在办公室里传开了。空格处引导的是同位语从句，说明rumor的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 二、用同位语从句合并句子 1．They also hold the opinion. It is beneficial to students with the poor self-control ability and helps them develop good study habits. . 【答案】They also hold the opinion that it is beneficial to students with the poor self-control ability and helps them develop good study habits. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他们还认为，这对于那些自控能力较差的学生是有益的，还能帮助他们养成良好的学习习惯。此处改为同位语从句，说明opinion的内容，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故改为They also hold the opinion that it is beneficial to students with the poor self-control ability and helps them develop good study habits. 2．Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet. The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. . 【答案】The fact that two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：美国五分之二的女孩都在节食，这一事实让她们的父母和老师非常担心。句型转换后时态不变，该空用同位语从句解释说明The fact的具体内容，从句不缺成分和意义，用that引导，The fact的具体内容为two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet。故填that two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet。 3．Our school volleyball team had won the championship. The news encouraged us all greatly . 【答案】The news that our school volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们学校的排球队赢得了冠军。这消息大大地鼓舞了我们大家。“Our school volleyball team had won the championship.”是对名词news内容的说明，可处理为同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，用连词that引导该从句；“The news encouraged us all greatly.”作主句，同位语从句置于名词news之后，其它部分不变。故答案为：The news that our school volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 4．It even leaves the scientists in wonder. They wonder what they should call the newly-­born creature, which looks half­-human and half-­animal. . 【答案】It even leaves the scientists in wonder what they should call the newly­born creature, which looks half­-human and half-­animal. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这甚至让科学家们想知道他们应该如何称呼这种看起来半人半兽的新生生物。原句中，第二句的They wonder承接第一句的in wonder。wonder作名词时，其后可跟同位语从句，所以what they should call the newly-­born creature, which looks half­-human and half-­animal可充当wonder的同位语从句。故答案为：It even leaves the scientists in wonder what they should call the newly­born creature, which looks half­-human and half-­animal. 5．Recently, scientists have made a new discovery. Using chemical fertilizers for a long time can cause damage to the land and people’s health. . 【答案】Recently, scientists have made a new discovery that using chemical fertilizers for a long time can cause damage to the land and people’s health. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：最近，科学家们有了新的发现，长期使用化肥会对土地和人的健康造成损害。此处改为同位语从句，说明discovery 的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故改为Recently, scientists have made a new discovery that using chemical fertilizers for a long time can cause damage to the land and people’s health. 6．The story goes as follows. The wind and the sun were disputing who was the stronger. . 【答案】The story goes that the wind and the sun were disputing who was the stronger. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：故事如下。风和太阳在争论谁更强壮。根据要求用同位语从句，故将as follows“如下”去掉，第二句作为story的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分或含义，从句引导词用that。故答案为The story goes that the wind and the sun were disputing who was the stronger. 7．A new problem is involved in the popularity of private cars. Road conditions need improving/to be improved. . 【答案】There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need improving/There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need to be improved. 【详解】考查there be句型、非谓语动词和同位语从句。句意：私家车的普及带来了一个新问题，即道路状况需要改善。句中用there be句型作为主句，a new problem为句中主语，与involve之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语；从句解释说明名词problem，用同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导。故改写为There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need improving/to be improved. 8． We don’t doubt that technology will improve the quality of services for the public. There is no doubt. . 【答案】There’s no doubt that technology will improve the quality of services for the public. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们毫不怀疑，技术将提高为公众提供服务的质量。“不怀疑”可以用there is no doubt表示，根据句意可知，“technology will improve the quality of services for the public”用来解释抽象名词“doubt”的内容，可以用同位语从句表示，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导同位语从句。故改为There’s no doubt that technology will improve the quality of services for the public. 9．I think the child should be sent to school. I hold the opinion. . 【答案】I hold the opinion that the child should be sent to school. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我认为孩子应该被送去上学。根据句意及题目要求可知，I think可以改写为I hold the opinion，the child should be sent to school改为opinion的同位语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填I hold the opinion that the child should be sent to school. 10．Will the sports meeting be held on time? The question will be discussed tomorrow. . 【答案】The question whether the sports meeting will be held on time will be discussed tomorrow. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：运动会是否按时举行的问题将于明天讨论。“Will the sports meeting be held on time”是The question的具体内容，可改为同位语从句，说明The question的具体内容，“Will the sports meeting be held on time”意为“运动会会准时举行吗”，也就是运动会是否会准时进行，用whether引导同位语从句，时态用一般将来时，因此同位语从句是whether the sports meeting will be held on time，主句部分是will be discussed tomorrow，因此句子改写为The question whether the sports meeting will be held on time will be discussed tomorrow。故答案为The question whether the sports meeting will be held on time will be discussed tomorrow. 三、用同位语从句完成句子 1．It is a fact (吸烟有害健康). 【答案】that smoking is harmful to our health 【详解】考查同位语从句和短语。句意：事实证明，吸烟对我们的健康有害。“吸烟有害健康”说明fact的内容，表达为同位语从句，从句不缺少成分、句意完整，故用连接词that引导；主语“吸烟”为名词smoking，不可数名词；表示“对……有害”短语为be harmful to；表示“健康”用名词health。从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用单数is。故填that smoking is harmful to our health。 2．No one can (否认事实) China is becoming more and more powerful in the international community. 【答案】 deny the fact that 【详解】考查动词、名词和同位语从句。句意：没有人能否认中国在国际社会中变得越来越强大。“否认”可用及物动词deny表示，空前有情态动词can，所以这里应用动词原形；“事实”可用名词fact，作宾语，这里特指中国在国际社会中变得越来越强大这一事实，前面应用the。空后是一个同位语从句，解释说明fact，所以应用that引导。故填deny；the；fact；that。 3． (有证据表明) acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age. 【答案】There is evidence that 【详解】考查there be句型和同位语从句。句意：有证据表明，针灸疗法可以追溯到旧石器时代。根据汉语提示可知此处用There be句型，“证据”为名词evidence作主语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词用is，evidence后跟同位语从句，说明evidence的内容，从句句意、结构完整，用连接词that引导。故填There is evidence that。 4．So far there has been no evidence (其他行星上存在生命的). 【答案】that there is life on other planets 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：到目前为止，还没有证据表明其他行星上存在生命。空处为同位语从句，解释说明名词evidence的具体内容，从句结构完整，用that引导；“其他行星上存在生命”翻译为 there is life on other planets，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填that there is life on other planets。 5．The conclusion above (基于价格将保持稳定的假设)． 【答案】is based on the assumption that the prices will remain steady 【详解】考查固定短语和时态以及从句。句意：上述结论是基于价格将保持稳定的假设。根据汉语提示“基于”可知短语为be based on，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，be动词用is，结合句意和提示词“假设”可知用名词assumption作宾语，后接that引导的同位语从句，且从句陈述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时。价格为“the prices”，将保持稳定为“will remain steady”。故填is based on the assumption that prices will remain stable。 6．However, (越来越多的证据表明) the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 【答案】there is increasing evidence that 【详解】考查there be句型和同位语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应与后文保持一致，用一般现在时。表示“越来越多的证据表明”应用there is increasing evidence that，其中that后引导同位语从句。故填there is increasing evidence that。 7．He often asked me the question (这个工作是否值得做). 【答案】whether the work was worth doing 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他经常问这个工作是否值得做的问题。分析句子可知，空处是同位语从句，解释说明question的内容，“是否”使用连接词whether引导，“工作”使用名词work，“值得做”使用固定短语be worth doing，根据主句中的“asked”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填whether the work was worth doing。 8．People have no idea (在飞机上发生了什么) during the crash. 【答案】what happened on the plane 【详解】考查同位语从句和时态。句意：人们不知道飞机失事时发生了什么。分析句子结构可知，此处是同位语从句，表示“发生”的英语是动词happen用作从句是谓语，根据句意应使用一般过去时，表示“在飞机上”应使用介词短语on the plane，用作从句的地点状语；从句主语应使用连接词what，表示“事物”。故填what happened on the plane。 9．He gave a long account of his troubles, with the implication (他需要经济援助)． 【答案】that he needed financial aid 【详解】考查同位语从句和时态。句意：他长篇大论地叙述了他的烦恼，暗示着他需要经济援助。分析句意可知，“他需要经济援助”用来解释抽象名词“the implication”的内容，可以用同位语从句表示，“他”用人称代词he作主语，“需要”用动词need作谓语，根据“gave”可知，用一般过去时，“经济援助”用financial aid作宾语，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用that引导同位语从句。故填that he needed financial aid。 10．To sum up, one cannot deny the fact 【答案】that studying abroad has its disadvantages 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：总之，一个人不能否认留学有弊端的事实。根据提示可知，空处需用that引导的同位语从句解释“the fact”的内容，“留学”表示为studying abroad作从句主语，“有”用动词have表示，描述客观事实用一般现在时，所以，此处应该用第三人称单数形式has；“其弊端”用名词its disadvantages表示，指多个弊端，用名词复数。故填that studying abroad has its disadvantages。 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （25-26高二·山东淄博·期末）The first blockbuster (大片) of China set in space, “The Wandering Earth,” opens Tuesday during grand expectations 1 it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking. “The Wandering Earth,” 2 (show) in 3-D, takes place in a distant future in which the sun is about to expand into a red giant and devour (吞噬) the Earth. It 3 (adapt) from works by Liu Cixin, the writer 4 has led a renaissance in science fiction here, 5 (become) the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award in 2015. His novels are splendid and 6 (deep) researched. That makes 7 (they) reasonable fantasies about humanity’s meeting with a dangerous universe. The openings also come as China reached a milestone in space: the landing of a probe on 8 far side of the moon in January. Although decades behind Russia and the United States, China has now put astronauts 9 orbit and has ambitious plans to join—or even lead—a new age of space exploration. “I think there is a very close 10 (connect) between Chinese cinema and the nation’s fortunes,” said Sha Dan, a curator at the China Film Archive. 【答案】 1．that 2．shown 3．is adapted 4．who/that 5．becoming 6．deeply 7．them 8．the 9．in/into 10．connection 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了“流浪地球”这部大片的开幕式、故事背景以及这部影片的意义。 1．考查同位语从句。句意：肩负着人们的厚望，中国第一部以太空为背景的大片《流浪地球》于周二上映。这部电影被认为将代表中国电影制作新时代的曙光。这是一个同位语从句，expectations的内容就是it will represent the dawning of a new era in Chinese filmmaking，并且从句部分是一个陈述句，故填that。 2．考查过去分词作定语。句意：“流浪地球”是以3D形式播放的，故事发生在遥远的将来。“The Wandering Earth”与show之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作定语。故填shown。 3．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：电影改编于刘慈欣的作品，这位作家在中国引领了一场科幻小说复兴，在2015年成为了赢得雨果奖的第一名中国作家。全文使用的是一般现在时，所以这句话也使用一般现在时，主语it指代的是“The Wandering Earth”，是第三人称单数，且是物作主语，所以语态使用被动语态。故填is adapted。 4．考查定语从句。句意同上。这是一个定语从句，先行词为the writer，指人，从句缺主语，故填who/that。 5．考查现在分词作状语。句意同上。这里的分词作the writer的状语，the writer与become之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填becoming。 6．考查副词。句意：刘慈欣的小说叙事宏大，背景研究细致入微。空格处单词修饰动词researched，应用副词形式，故填deeply。 7．考查代词。句意：这使得这些小说是关于人类和危险的宇宙之间的合情合理的科幻小说。这里的they指代his novels，并且在句中作make的宾语，所以用代词的宾格形式，故填them。 8．考查定冠词。句意：宇宙探测器一月份落在月球背面。空格位于介词后，名词前，所以填冠词。月球是独一无二的，所以这里特指月球的背面。所以填定冠词。故填the。 9．考查介词。句意：虽然落后于俄罗斯和美国几十年，但如今中国已经将宇航员送入太空轨道。太空轨道是一个很大的范围，所以进入太空轨道用介词in或者into。故填in/into。 10．考查名词的单数形式。句意：中国电影资料馆策展人沙丹说：“我认为中国电影和中国国运之间有着紧密联系。”空格位于定冠词和形容词后，介词前，所以用名词形式，又有不定冠词a修饰，所以用可数名词的单数形式。故填connection。 B （25-26高二·湖北·期末）During the 1 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 2 (rise) about one degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 3 other natural changes . There is no doubt 4 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 5 is human activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 6 (burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 7 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 8 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three degree Celsius 9 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 10 (go) up. 【答案】 1．twentieth 2．rose 3．to/with 4．that 5．it 6．burning 7．are called 8．which 9．cooler 10．to go 【分析】这是一篇说明文。20世纪，地球的温度上升了1华氏度。科学家们认为是人类活动导致了地球变暖，因为矿物的燃烧导致过多的二氧化碳排放到了大气层中。 1．考查序数词。句意：在20世纪，地球的温度上升了1华氏度。“在20世纪”是按时间顺序描述时间的，应用序数词。故填twentieth。 2．考查时态。句意同上。“在20世纪”提示了我们这句话时态使用一般过去时。故填rose。 3．考查介词。句意：与其它自然变化相比，这是一个很快的升高。“be compared to/with”是固定表达,意为“”与……相比，这里是when (it is）compared to/with的省略形式。故填to/with。 4．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问地球正在变得更暖和。There is no doubt that… “毫无疑问”是固定句型。故填that。 5．考查强调句。句意：科学家们认为是人类活动导致了全球变暖。强调句句式结构为“it is …that/who…”，本句去掉is和that后句子不缺成份，所以说是宾语从句中嵌套了强调句。故填it。 6．考查动名词。句意：地球温度的升高是由于化石燃料的燃烧。空格前有定冠词，空格后是介词，所以空格处填名词形式。所给出的单词为动词，所以填动名词形式。故填burning。 7．考查被动语态。句意：一些副产品被叫做温室气体，其中最重的一种是二氧化碳。分析句子成分可知，句子缺少谓语动词，且根据句意，应使用被动语态。全文使用的时态为一般现在时，且主语Some byproducts为复数形式，故填are called。 8．考查定语从句。句意同上。根据句意可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为gases，从句缺少主语用于of后，故填which。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：没有温室效应，地球将比现在凉快33摄氏度。由空格后的than可知此处用比较级。故填cooler。 10．考查不定式。句意：当我们把大量的二氧化碳排入空气的时候，问题就出现了，导致地球温度上升。cause… to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“导致……做某事”，故填to go。 C (25-26高二上·重庆渝北·期中)The latest progress in the restoration of the Haihun bamboo slips (海昏侯墓竹简) 1 (announce) at the 10th anniversary conference in Nanchang, East China’s Jiangxi province on Saturday. Among the highlights is the discovery of the first complete version of the Book of Songs (Shi Jing) from the Qin and Han 2 (dynasty) (221 BC—AD220). Before the 3 (invent) of paper, bamboo and wooden slips were the main writing materials 4 (use) in ancient China. “Around 1,200 bamboo slips relevant 5 . The Book of Songs were unearthed from the Marquis of Haihun tomb,” Yang Jun, head of the Haihun tomb excavation team, told the Global Times. “This indicates the Hanhun Book of Songs is   6 complete version.” In addition to The Analects and The Book of Songs, The Book of Rites, The Spring and Autumn Annals, and The Classic of Filial Piety are also included, There is no doubt 7 they are all ancient Chinese classics. These slips 8 (clear) reflect Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty’s policy of promoting Confucianism as the state ideology and 9 (collect) a wide range of classical texts. According to Fang, despite the challenges, most of the preservation work has now been completed, and full restoration is expected 10 (finish) by 2026. 【答案】 1．was announced 2．dynasties 3．invention 4．used 5．to 6．a 7．that 8．clearly 9．collecting 10．to be finished 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍海昏侯墓竹简修复的最新进展，提及出土的完整秦汉版《诗经》及相关典籍的历史价值。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：周六，在江西南昌举办的十周年研讨会上，海昏侯墓竹简修复的最新进展对外公布。此处为谓语动词，主语The latest progress与announce为被动关系，且描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was announced。故填was announced。 2．考查名词复数。句意：其中最引人注目的发现是，出土了首部完整的秦汉时期（公元前221年—公元220年）版本的《诗经》。dynasty为可数名词，此处指秦朝和汉朝两个朝代，用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。 3．考查名词。句意：在纸张发明之前，竹简和木简是中国古代主要的书写材料。此处作介词Before的宾语，且有定冠词the修饰，用invent的名词形式invention，意为“发明”，为不可数名词。故填invention。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在纸张发明之前，竹简和木简是中国古代主要的书写材料。此处为非谓语动词，materials与use为被动关系，用过去分词used作后置定语。故填used。 5．考查介词。句意：海昏侯墓考古发掘队领队杨军在接受《环球时报》采访时表示：“海昏侯墓中出土了约1200枚与《诗经》相关的竹简。”此处为固定搭配“relevant to”，意为“与……相关的”，用介词to。故填to。 6．考查冠词。句意：这表明海昏侯墓版《诗经》是一个完整的版本。version为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一个完整的版本”，且complete是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 7．考查同位语从句。句意：除《论语》和《诗经》外，墓中还出土了《礼记》《春秋》和《孝经》，这些都是中国古代的经典典籍。此处为同位语从句，故填that。 8．考查副词。句意：这些竹简清晰地反映出汉武帝推行“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的政策，以及朝廷广泛收集典籍的举措。此处修饰动词reflect，用clear的副词形式clearly，意为“清晰地”。故填clearly。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些竹简清晰地反映出汉武帝推行“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的政策，以及朝廷广泛收集典籍的举措。此处与promoting并列，作介词of的宾语，用collect的动名词形式collecting。故填collecting。 10．考查非谓语动词和语态。句意：据方先生介绍，尽管面临诸多挑战，目前大部分保护工作已完成，全部修复工作预计将于2026年完成。此处为固定搭配“be expected to do sth.”，所以此处使用不定式形式作补语，且full restoration与finish为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be finished。故填to be finished。 D (25-26高二上·湖南长沙·月考) During the dig outside the city walls, 1 (researcher) came across thirty to forty bodies 2 (lie) one on top of another. They had been 3 (murder). The men dug with great care, trying not to disturb the evidence of what had happened. Everyone was 4 (curiosity) as to why all these people had been killed at 5 same time. Was it just a coincidence? Deep in the ground below the bodies, they found a tomb made 6 stone. It contained many valuable things, including much gold 7 many jewels. Inside it lay the body of a man that was well-preserved. It was the fact 8 the man had been a king. This explained why the other bodies were there. The workers who had built the tomb were killed 9 (short) after the king had died, in order to keep the tomb a secret, and to make 10 (they) companions for him in death. 【答案】 1．researchers 2．lying 3．murdered 4．curious 5．the 6．of 7．and 8．that 9．shortly 10．them 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一次在城市城墙外进行的挖掘工作的发现及推测。 1．考查名词的复数。句意：在城墙外的挖掘过程中，研究人员发现了30到40具尸体，一具盖着另一具。researcher是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，作主语，故填researchers。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在城墙外的挖掘过程中，研究人员发现了30到40具尸体，一具盖着另一具。句中谓语是came，空格处用非谓语动词，bodies和lie之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词lying表主动，作后置定语，故填lying。 3．考查被动语态。句意：他们是被谋杀的。murder与主语之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，空前有had been，空格处用过去分词，故填murdered。 4．考查形容词。句意：每个人都很好奇为什么所有这些人在同一时间被杀害。空格处用形容词curious作表语，curious意为“好奇的”，故填curious。 5．考查定冠词。句意：每个人都很好奇为什么所有这些人在同一时间被杀害。at the same time是固定短语，意为“在同一时间”，故填the。 6．考查介词。句意：在尸体下面的地下深处，他们发现了一座石砌的坟墓。be made of意为“由……做成”，此处是指能看见原材料的“由……做成”，故填of。 7．考查连词。句意：里面有许多贵重的东西，包括许多黄金和珠宝。much gold和many jewels之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 8．考查同位语从句。句意：很明显，这个人曾经是个国王。It was clear that...是固定句型，意为“很明显”，that修饰前面的抽象名词，故填that。 9．考查副词。句意：建造陵墓的工人们在国王死后不久就被杀害了，目的是为了保守陵墓的秘密，并使他们成为国王死后的伴侣。shortly after是固定短语，意为“不久之后”，副词修饰介词短语，故填shortly。 10．考查代词。句意：建造陵墓的工人们在国王死后不久就被杀害了，目的是为了保守陵墓的秘密，并使他们成为国王死后的伴侣。根据语境可知，此处表示“使他们成为国王死后的伴侣”，空格处用代词的宾格them作宾语，故填them。 E (25-26高二上·河北·期中) Modern technology is very important for protecting, digging up and studying the Liangzhu Archaeological (考古) Ruins in Zhejiang Province. A recent big discovery here shows this clearly — archaeologists found the evidence 1 a wall-like structure was outside the ancient city. Archaeologists say it might be a royal mausoleum (陵墓). If true, it could be one of China’s 2 (early) royal burial sites and make the country’s mausoleum history thousands of years older. This discovery mostly comes from an “air-sky-land-digital” method 3 (create) by Wang Ningyuan’s team. The method uses drones (无人机) (air), satellite pictures (sky), traditional fieldwork (land) and digital mapping (digital). This technology has brought great findings. It helped find the outer city in 2009, a dam system in 2011, and more dams between 2021 and 2024, 4 ultimately revealed the comprehensive structure of the Liangzhu water management system. Over the past few years, based on these discoveries, archaeologists 5 (piece) together how Liangzhu’s ancestors grew from small settlements into a great city-state. “Modern technological approaches have enabled the 6 (identify) of various functional structures that traditional methods could not detect, significantly 7 (reshape) our understanding of Liangzhu as an early state society,” Wang said. The application of technology extends beyond discovery 8 preservation and protection. Tiger Ridge Dam, a big white shell envelops the 5,000-year-old structure. Inside, tools monitor temperature and water levels, 9 an automatic system fixes problems 10 (efficient). Across the 162-square-kilometer site, cameras and underground sensors form an intelligent monitoring network. 【答案】 1．that 2．earliest 3．created 4．which 5．have pieced 6．identification 7．reshaping 8．to 9．and 10．efficiently 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代科技在良渚考古遗址保护、发掘和研究中的重要作用。 1．考查同位语从句。句意：最近的一项重大发现清楚地表明了这一点——考古学家在这座古城外发现了一座类似城墙的结构。故填that。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：如果这是真的，它可能是中国最早的皇家墓地之一，使中国的陵墓历史提前数千年。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，所以此处用形容词最高级earliest。故填earliest。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现主要来自王宁远团队创造的“空一天一地一数”方法。本句已有谓语comes，所以空处需用非谓语动词，method和create之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词created作后置定语修饰method。故填created。 4．考查定语从句。句意：它帮助在2009年发现了外城，2011年发现了水坝系统，2021年至2024年发现了更多的水坝，最终揭示了良渚水管理系统的综合结构。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 5．考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，基于这些发现，考古学家们拼凑出了良渚的祖先是如何从小型定居点发展成为一个伟大的城邦的。根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是复数archaeologists，所以助动词用have。故填have pieced。 6．考查名词。句意：王说：“现代技术方法使我们能够识别传统方法无法检测到的各种功能结构，极大地重塑了我们对良渚作为一个早期国家社会的理解。”空处需用动词identify的名词identification作动词enable的宾语。故填identification。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句已有谓语have enabled，所以空处需用非谓语动词作结果状语，此处表示一种自然的结果，所以空处用现在分词reshaping。故填reshaping。 8．考查介词。句意：技术的应用不仅限于发现，还延伸到保存和保护。extend beyond...to...表示“超出……延伸到……”，所以空处需用介词to。故填to。 9．考查连词。句意：在里面，工具监测温度和水位，自动系统有效地解决问题。根据空前后句意可知，此处前后句之间表示并列关系，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意同上。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词fixes，efficient的副词为efficiently“有效地”。故填efficiently。 F (25-26高二上·全国·月考) In the heartland of China, near a 4,500-year-old farmland, a team of agricultural scientists is modernizing 1 ancient practice. They are using big data analytics and AI models 2 (improve) the output of a specific plot of land. At the experimental field near the Baodun Site, 3 evidence of ancient rice cultivation was found, researchers from Sichuan Agricultural University are using AI-powered models to evaluate the result of different hybrid rice 4 (variety). The modern research method has greatly saved time, 5 the conventional approach, which would require waiting until the harvest season of a certain rice hybrid, researchers said. Chinese archaeologists have unearthed carbonized rice at the Baodun site, a walled settlement 6 (date) from 4,500 to 4,200 years back. This late Neolithic culture emerging on the Chengdu Plain in southwestern China, bears witness 7 the agricultural dawn of ancient Chinese civilization. Today, the site’s agricultural values, and also archaeological and 8 (economy) values are being explored and expanded by technological means. In a nearby lab, researchers are constructing a 3D image of the site to study the impact of ancient floods and to understand the way 9 the special structures may have contributed to the wealth of the plain. In addition to rice cultivation, silk-weaving, another ancient invention that originated at the Chengdu Plain, 10 (receive) a modern technological boost to date. 【答案】 1．the 2．to improve 3．where 4．varieties 5．unlike 6．dating 7．to 8．economic 9．how 10．has received 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文聚焦中国四川省宝墩遗址附近的现代农业科研实践，展现了中国现代科技与古代农业文明的深度融合。 1．考查冠词。句意：在中国的腹地，靠近一块有着4500年历史的农田的地方，一支农业科学家团队正在对这种古老的种植方式进行现代化改造。此处“ancient practice”是特指与4500年土地相关的农耕实践，用定冠词the。故填the。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们正在利用大数据分析和人工智能模型来提高某一特定地块的产出。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构，意为“使用……来做……”，此处需用不定式表目的。故填to improve。 3．考查定语从句。句意：在宝墩遗址附近的实验田里（此处发现了古代水稻种植的证据），四川农业大学的研究人员正运用人工智能驱动的模型，评估不同杂交水稻品种的种植效果。此处引导定语从句，修饰“the experimental field”，意为“在该试验田中”，从句缺地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4．考查名词。句意：在宝墩遗址附近的实验田里（此处发现了古代水稻种植的证据），四川农业大学的研究人员正运用人工智能驱动的模型，评估不同杂交水稻品种的种植效果。different后应接可数名词复数，variety需变为varieties。故填varieties。 5．考查介词。句意：研究人员表示，现代研究方法大大节省了时间，而传统方法则需要等到某种水稻杂交品种的收获季节才能进行研究。表示“不像”用介词unlike。故填unlike。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国考古学家在宝墩遗址发现了碳化的稻谷。该遗址是一座建有围墙的村落，其历史可追溯至 4500 至 4200 年前。此处作后置定语，修饰settlement，意为“可追溯至……”，用现在分词。故填dating。 7．考查介词。句意：这种出现在中国西南部成都平原的晚期新石器时代文化，见证了中国古代文明的农业起源。bear witness to为固定搭配，意为“见证”。故填to。 8．考查形容词。句意：如今，该遗址的农业价值、考古价值以及经济价值正通过技术手段得到进一步的发掘和拓展。此处与archaeological(考古的)并列，修饰values(价值)，需用形容词economic(经济的)。故填economic。 9．考查同位语从句。句意：在附近的一个实验室里，研究人员正在构建该遗址的三维图像，以研究古代洪水的影响，并了解这些特殊的建筑结构是如何为这片平原的繁荣做出贡献的。此处同位语宾语从句，故填how。 10．考查时态语态。句意：除了水稻种植之外，起源于成都平原的另一项古老发明——丝绸制造，如今也得到了现代技术的推动。时间状语 to date(至今)表示动作从过去持续至今，需用现在完成时；主语silk-weaving为单数形式，助动词用has。故用has received。 G (25-26高二上·重庆·月考) Archaeologists (考古学家) investigating the tomb of the Marquis of Haihun in east China’s Jiangxi Province discovered the world’s 1 (old) steel acupuncture (针灸) needles. The delicate needles dating back to the time of the Western Han Dynasty 2 (find) within a jade tube initially. A wooden label lying nearby 3 (mark) with the words “Nine Needles Complete” confirms their identification, as ancient Chinese medical texts recommend the use of nine different needles during acupuncture. Each needle 4 (measure) 0.3 to 0.5 millimeters in diameter. Yang, leader of team noted that they were likely wrapped in cloth prior to 5 (place) in the jade tube, a practice that ensured cleanliness and safe handling. Analysis indicated that the needles were made from steel created with an advanced technique known 6 the “frying” process, allowing for their extraordinary   7 (thin). It was essential that the medical instruments be made from steel, since gold and silver are too soft, 8 iron rusts (生锈) too easily, which could cause infection. This breakthrough in material science directly fueled the evolution of acupuncture tools and the progress of medical practice itself. The discovery represents the wisdom and precision with 9 ancient physicians practiced their healing art, a legacy 10 continues to inspire traditional medicine today. 【答案】 1．oldest 2．were found 3．marked 4．measures 5．being placed 6．as 7．thinness 8．and 9．which 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国江西海昏侯墓中出土的世界最古老钢制针灸针及其历史和医学价值。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：在中国东部江西省海昏侯墓进行考古调查的考古学家们，发现了世界上最古老的钢制针灸针。空格前有定冠词the，且范围是the world’s（世界上的），表示三者及以上的比较，要用形容词的最高级形式。old的最高级为oldest。故填oldest。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些可追溯至西汉时期的精美银针，最初是在一个玉管内被发现的。句子主语The delicate needles和动词find之间是被动关系，且“发现”这个动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用were。故填were found。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：旁边放置的一块木牌上刻有“九针齐全”字样，这证实了它们的属性，因为中国古代医学文献记载针灸时会用到九种不同的针具。句子已有谓语动词confirms，且空格前无连词，此处mark应用非谓语形式。逻辑主语A wooden label和mark之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作后置定语。故填marked。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每根针的直径为0.3至0.5毫米。此处measure表示“（某物的）尺寸为……”，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。句子描述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时，主语Each needle是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填measures。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：考古队领队杨先生指出，这些针在放入玉管之前，很可能是用布包裹着的，这种做法确保了针具的洁净和安全存放。prior to是介词短语，意为“在……之前”，后接动词时，要用动名词形式，且place和逻辑主语they（指代针）之间为被动关系，故应用动名词的被动式being done。故填being placed。 6．考查介词。句意：分析表明，这些针是由采用了一种名为“炒钢法”的先进工艺制成的钢材打造而成，这种工艺让针具变得极其纤细。固定搭配be known as意为“被称为；被认为是”，符合语境。故填as。 7．考查名词。句意：分析表明，这些针是由采用了一种名为“炒钢法”的先进工艺制成的钢材打造而成，这种工艺让针具变得极其纤细。空格前有形容词extraordinary修饰，且作动词allowing的宾语，要用名词形式。thin的名词为 thinness，是不可数名词。故填thinness。 8．考查连词。句意：这些医疗器械必须用钢材制成，因为黄金和白银质地太软，铁又极易生锈，这可能会引发感染。空格前后是两个并列的原因状语从句，对比了金、银和铁的缺点，要用并列连词and连接。故填and。 9．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这一发现彰显了古代医师们行医时所秉持的智慧与严谨，这一宝贵遗产至今仍在激励着传统医学的发展。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the wisdom and precision，指物，且关系代词前有介词with，要用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 10．考查同位语从句。句意：这一发现彰显了古代医师们行医时所秉持的智慧与严谨，这一宝贵遗产至今仍在激励着传统医学的发展。legacy意为“遗产”，故填that。 H (24-25高二上·四川绵阳·期中) On Monday, the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing 1 (reveal) that archaeologists (考古学家) had discovered two sunken ships in the depths of the South China Sea. It offered tangible evidence of commercial and 2 (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road. The latest underwater archaeological 3 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have 4 (significant) uncovered important artifacts. Besides the shipwrecks  (沉船), various artifacts have been unearthed, most of 5 were made in kiln (窑炉) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, known as China’s “porcelain capital”. The precise locations of  the shipwrecks and the cultural relics 6 (associate) with them were found through the use of oceanographic technology and underwater investigations involving manned submarines, which conducted 41 dives throughout the year, as confirmed by Song Jianzhong, 7 researcher at the National Center for Archaeology. The Ming Dynasty’s No. 1 shipwreck, 8 (measure) 37 meters long and 11 meters wide, has produced 543 artifacts, suggesting it sailed 9 Fujian or Guangdong to Southeast Asia trade centers like Malacca. The No. 2 shipwreck 10 (date) from the rule of Emperor Hongzhi and measures about 21 meters long and 8 meters wide. A total of 36 artifacts have been found on it, porcelain and pottery included. 【答案】 1．revealed 2．cultural 3．explorations 4．significantly 5．which 6．associated 7．a 8．measuring 9．from 10．dates 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文中报道了国家文物局公布南海发现两艘明代沉船，借助海洋科技探明位置，出水含景德镇瓷器在内的多件文物，为古代海上丝绸之路的商贸文化交流提供了实证。 1．考查时态。句意：周一，北京的国家文物局宣布，考古学家在南海深处发现了两艘沉船。根据上文On Monday可知为一般过去时。故填revealed。 2．考查形容词。句意：它为古代海上丝绸之路沿线的商业和文化交流提供了切实的证据。修饰名词exchanges用形容词cultural。故填cultural。 3．考查名词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索工作取得了重大成果，成功发掘出了许多珍贵的文物。作主语用名词exploration，结合后文have可知为复数。故填explorations。 4．考查副词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索工作取得了重大成果，成功发掘出了许多珍贵的文物。修饰动词uncovered用副词significantly。故填significantly。 5．考查定语从句。句意：除了沉船遗物之外，还出土了各种各样的文物，其中大部分是产自江西省景德镇的窑炉所烧制的瓷器，景德镇被誉为中国的“瓷都”。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词shipwrecks，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 6．考查定语从句。句意：通过运用海洋学技术以及包括有人驾驶潜艇在内的水下调查手段，人们找到了这些沉船的具体位置以及与之相关的文物所在之处，据国家考古中心的研究员宋建中介绍，该调查行动全年共进行了 41 次潜水。短语be associated with表示“与……联系”，此处过去分词作定语。故填associated。 7．考查冠词。句意：通过运用海洋学技术以及包括有人驾驶潜艇在内的水下调查手段，人们找到了这些沉船的具体位置以及与之相关的文物所在之处，据国家考古中心的研究员宋建中介绍，该调查行动全年共进行了 41 次潜水。此处researcher为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：明朝第一艘沉船长37米、宽11米，共出土543件文物，这表明该船是从福建或广东启航，前往马六甲等东南亚贸易中心的。此处measure与shipwreck构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。 9．考查介词。句意：明朝第一艘沉船长37米、宽11米，共出土543件文物，这表明该船是从福建或广东启航，前往马六甲等东南亚贸易中心的。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 10．考查时态。句意：第二艘沉船的年代可追溯至弘治皇帝统治时期，其长度约为21米，宽度约为8米。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为shipwreck，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $