Unit 4 Natural disasters 作文学案 -2025-2026学年沪教牛津版（2012）英语九年级下册

Unit 4 Natural disasters 作文学案 【写作导引】 本单元以“Natural disasters”为话题，属于“环境问题”主题范畴，核心聚焦“用英语描述自然灾害、分享防灾技巧、呼吁灾后援助”，运用it作形式主语等核心语法，提升叙事类与应用类写作的逻辑性和场景适配度。常见写作角度包括：① 描述一次经历过或了解到的自然灾害；② 介绍某类自然灾害的防灾求生技巧；③ 撰写呼吁同学援助灾区的通知；④ 仿写“自然灾害引发的反思”短篇故事。所有内容严格贴合课本话题与语言点，适配九年级学生认知水平，可直接用于课堂同步训练。 【单元话题】 “描述一次自然灾害”。请根据课本“Reading”板块洪水故事的范例，描述一次你经历过或了解到的自然灾害，包括灾害发生的过程、造成的影响及你的感受或启示，词数100-120左右，题目为“A Terrible Natural Disaster I Experienced”。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 A Terrible Natural Disaster I Experienced The most unforgettable natural disaster I experienced was a typhoon that hit my city three years ago. It was such a powerful storm that it left a deep impression on everyone. On that day, dark clouds covered the sky in the morning, and the wind began to howl. It rained heavily all day, and the rain was so strong that we could hardly see anything outside. Many trees were blown down, and some power lines were cut off, leaving thousands of families without electricity. Roads were flooded, making it impossible for cars to pass. My family stayed at home, and we were worried about the safety of our neighbors. Fortunately, no one was hurt in the typhoon. However, it caused great damage to our city. This experience made me realize how powerful nature is. It also taught me that we should learn more about disaster survival skills and help each other when facing difficulties. 【译文】 我经历过的一次可怕自然灾害 我经历过最难忘的自然灾害是三年前袭击我市的一场台风。那是一场威力极强的风暴，给每个人都留下了深刻的印象。 那天早上，天空被乌云笼罩，狂风开始呼啸。整天下着瓢泼大雨，雨势大到我们几乎看不清外面的任何东西。许多树被吹倒，一些电线被切断，导致数千家庭断电。道路被洪水淹没，汽车无法通行。我们一家人待在家里，十分担心邻居们的安全。 幸运的是，台风中没有人受伤，但它给我们的城市造成了巨大破坏。这次经历让我意识到大自然的力量有多强大，也教会我应该学习更多防灾求生技能，在困境中互相帮助。 亮点词块 1.natural disaster 自然灾害 2.leave a deep impression 留下深刻印象 3.howl 呼啸 4.power lines 电线 5.cut off 切断 6.cause great damage 造成巨大破坏 7.disaster survival skills 防灾求生技能 8.help each other 互相帮助 高分句子 1.It was such a powerful storm that it left a deep impression on everyone.（运用such…that句型，贴合单元语法延伸用法，突出台风威力） 2.The rain was so strong that we could hardly see anything outside.（用so…that强调雨势，增强场景画面感） 3.It also taught me that we should learn more about disaster survival skills and help each other when facing difficulties.（升华主题，点明灾害带来的启示，提升作文深度） 【拓展1】 你的班级要制作“自然灾害求生手册”，请你写一篇短文，介绍地震发生时的求生技巧，词数不少于80。 Earthquake Survival Tips ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【拓展1范文】 Earthquake Survival Tips Earthquakes are sudden and dangerous natural disasters, so it’s important to know how to protect yourself when they happen. If you are indoors during an earthquake, never use the lift. You should hide under a strong desk or table immediately to avoid being hit by falling objects. It’s also necessary to stay away from windows and heavy furniture. If you are outdoors, move to an open area as soon as possible, and stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. It’s important to stay calm during an earthquake. Do not run around in panic. Remember to protect your head with your hands. After the earthquake stops, be careful of aftershocks. Following these tips can increase your chance of survival when an earthquake occurs. 【拓展1译文】 地震求生技巧 地震是突发且危险的自然灾害，因此了解地震发生时如何保护自己至关重要。 如果地震发生时你在室内，切勿使用电梯。你应立即躲到坚固的书桌或餐桌下，避免被掉落的物体砸伤。远离窗户和重型家具也很有必要。如果你在室外，尽快转移到开阔地带，并远离建筑物、树木和电线。 地震期间保持冷静非常重要，不要惊慌乱跑。记得用手保护头部。地震停止后，要小心余震。遵循这些技巧能增加地震发生时的生存几率。 【拓展2】 请根据以下提示，仿写一篇“灾后援助”主题的通知，运用it作形式主语的语法，词数100左右，开头已给出。 提示 信息 核心内容 背景（邻近城市遭遇洪水灾害）、灾区情况（房屋被毁、缺少食物和饮用水）、呼吁行动（捐款捐物、参与志愿服务）、集合时间地点 语言要求 运用it作形式主语的句型，贴合单元语法重点 Notice Dear fellow students, A terrible flood hit our neighboring city last week. The disaster has caused great damage, and we need to do our part to help the people there. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【拓展2范文】 Notice Dear fellow students, A terrible flood hit our neighboring city last week. The disaster has caused great damage, and we need to do our part to help the people there. It is reported that many houses were destroyed by the flood, and thousands of people have nowhere to live. It is also a fact that they are short of food and drinking water. To help them get through the difficult time, we are organizing a donation activity. It is welcome for you to donate money, food, clothes or other necessary supplies. We will also set up a volunteer team to help with the rescue work. It will be a meaningful experience to help those in need. Please bring your donations to the school hall before this Friday afternoon. Let’s work together to support the flood-stricken area! The Student Union June 15th 【拓展2译文】 通知 亲爱的同学们： 上周，一场可怕的洪水袭击了我们的邻近城市。这场灾害造成了巨大破坏，我们需要尽自己的一份力帮助那里的人们。 据报道，许多房屋被洪水冲毁，数千人无家可归。事实上，他们还缺少食物和饮用水。为帮助他们度过难关，我们正在组织一场捐款捐物活动。欢迎大家捐赠钱、食物、衣物或其他必需物资。我们还将成立志愿者团队参与救援工作。 帮助有需要的人将是一次有意义的经历。请于本周五下午前将捐赠物送至学校礼堂。让我们携手支持受灾地区！ 学生会 6月15日 本话题作文的一些实用短语与句型积累 一、核心主题词汇 1.自然灾害与防灾相关（单元重点） · 灾害类型：typhoon 台风；earthquake 地震；flood 洪水；forest fire 森林火灾；ice storm 冰暴；asteroid 小行星；natural disaster 自然灾害 · 灾害影响：cause great damage 造成巨大破坏；blow down 吹倒；cut off 切断；flooded 被淹没；destroy 摧毁；leave without electricity 导致断电；homeless 无家可归的 · 语法相关：it作形式主语（It is important to…；It is reported that…；It is a fact that…） · 防灾与援助：survival skills 生存技巧；donation activity 捐款活动；volunteer team 志愿者团队；rescue work 救援工作；donate money 捐款；donate supplies 捐赠物资；flood-stricken area 受灾地区 1. 语法相关（单元重点） · it作形式主语（指代时间、天气、距离、温度）： · It was nine o’clock when the flood came.（洪水来的时候是九点钟。） · It rained heavily during the typhoon.（台风期间雨下得很大。） · It is about five kilometers from the school to the safe area.（从学校到安全区域大约五公里。） · it作形式主语（指代不定式短语）： · It is necessary to learn disaster survival skills.（学习防灾求生技能很有必要。） · It is impossible for us to go out during the storm.（风暴期间我们不可能出去。） · it作形式主语（指代that从句）： · It is reported that the flood has been controlled.（据报道洪水已得到控制。） · It is important that we stay calm in disasters.（灾害中保持冷静很重要。） 1. 表达类（单元基础） · 逻辑连接：fortunately 幸运的是；however 然而；therefore 因此；as soon as possible 尽快；when 当……时；because 因为 · 感悟表达：leave a deep impression 留下深刻印象；realize 意识到；get through the difficult time 度过难关；work together 携手合作；support 支持；in need 有需要的 二、实用句型积累 1.描述自然灾害（贴合单元核心） · The most unforgettable natural disaster I experienced was… 我经历过最难忘的自然灾害是……，例：The most unforgettable natural disaster I experienced was a terrible earthquake. · It was such a… that… 它是如此……以至于……，例：It was such a strong typhoon that many trees were blown down. · The… was so… that… ……如此……以至于……，例：The rain was so heavy that roads were flooded. · It caused great damage to… 它给……造成了巨大破坏，例：It caused great damage to the city’s buildings. 1. 介绍防灾技巧（贴合单元主题） · It is important to… when an earthquake/typhoon/flood happens. 地震/台风/洪水发生时，……很重要，例：It is important to hide under a strong desk when an earthquake happens. · Never… during a disaster. 灾害期间切勿……，例：Never use the lift during an earthquake. · You should… to avoid… 你应该……以避免……，例：You should stay away from windows to avoid being hurt. · Following these tips can increase your chance of survival. 遵循这些技巧能增加你的生存几率。 1. 呼吁灾后援助（贴合单元内涵） · It is reported that… 据报道……，例：It is reported that the flood-stricken area is short of food. · We are organizing… to help… 我们正在组织……来帮助……，例：We are organizing a donation activity to help the homeless people. · It is welcome for you to… 欢迎你……，例：It is welcome for you to donate clothes and blankets. · Let’s… to support… 让我们……来支持……，例：Let’s work together to support the disaster-hit area. 三、课堂实用句型 · 提问句型：Have you ever experienced a natural disaster?；What natural disasters do you know?；What should we do during an earthquake?；How can we help people in disaster-hit areas?；What can we learn from natural disasters? · 回答句型：Yes, I experienced a typhoon three years ago.；I know typhoons, earthquakes and floods.；We should hide under a strong desk during an earthquake.；We can donate money and supplies to help them.；We can learn to stay calm and help each other. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $