期末语法选择专项复习 2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级上册

学生 Sakura 时段 8-10 日期 2026.1.24 课题 七年级语法选择专项突破一（沪教新版） （2026年期末试卷分析） 目录 一、形容词用法 1 二．动词时态 3 三、代词用法 4 四、冠词用法 6 五、介词用法 7 参考答案 8 一、形容词用法 1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时,用形容词原级。如: The flowers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花儿很漂亮。 2.有副词very、so、too、enough、quite等修饰时,用形容词原级。如: The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。 3.表示同级比较时用形容词原级。 ①肯定句中的结构:A+is+as+形容词原级+as+B。如: English is as interesting as Chinese. 英语和汉语一样有趣。 ②否定句中的结构:A+isn’t+as/so+形容词原级+as+B。如: This book isn’t so new as that one. 4.-ing形容词和-ed形容词 -ing形容词 -ed形容词 例句 surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的 This is a surprising story. I am surprised at the news. interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 I have an interesting book. He is interested in science. exciting 激动人心的 excited 激动的 Have you heard of the exciting news? We are excited about the traveling. pleasing 令人愉快的 pleased 感到愉快的/满意的 This is a pleasing trip. The teacher is pleased with our performance. frightening 令人恐惧的 frightened 感到恐惧的 This is a frightening story. We are frightened of the ghost. moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的 Titanic is a moving film. We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply. tiring 令人疲倦的 tired 感到疲倦的 It’s a long tiring day. I’m too tired. fascinating 迷人的 fascinated 着迷的 What a fascinating voice! Many boys are fascinated by computer games. 特点:表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物 特点:表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受,主语一般是人,常用于“sb.+系动词+形容词-ed+介词”结构 We are all interested in the interesting story. 1.This book is so ______ (interest) that all students are ______ (interest) in it. 2.-How ______ (excite) the news is! -Yes, we are all ______ (excite) about it. 3.My sister is ______ (care) than me, so she makes fewer mistakes in exams. 4.The ______ (much) you practice speaking English, the ______ (good) you will be at it. 5.This is one of the ______ (beautiful) flowers in the garden. 6.He is a ______ (confidence) boy who always believes in himself. 7.The weather today is ______ (bad) than yesterday. We’d better stay at home. 8.It’s ______ (polite) to talk loudly in the library. 9.The ______ (hungry) we are, the more delicious the food tastes. 10.She has a ______ (friend) smile that makes everyone like her. 二．动词时态 一、动词的时态： 1、一般现在时的用法： 1）表示现在的习惯，经常发生的动作或存在的状态； 2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力； 3）表示客观事实或真理； 4）在时间、条件等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来。 If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. When I grow up ,I will go to America. 时间状语： 1.always\ often\ usually\ sometimes. 2.on Sundays\ on Monday afternoon\ every day\ every morning . 3. once a year\ twice a year\ three a week 4、现在进行时的用法： 1）表示说话时正在进行的动作。 2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作。 （说话时动作不一定进行。--Has Lucy finished her homework yet?--She is doing it all the morning，but I’m not sure whether she has finished it or not. 3)always/never与现在进行时连用表示说话人”赞赏”或者”责备”的语气: You are always changing your mind. 4)现在进行时表示不断正在进行的动作. The weather is getting hotter and hotter this month. 5)终止性动词和表示位移的动词come, go, leave, arrive,stay,set off,live,fly等的现在进行时刻表示按计划,安排或即将进行的动作. We are going to see my friends off at the airport tonight. a) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。We are leaving soon.　 我们马上就走。 注意：love\like \hate\see\hear等词不用在进行时中。 1.Tom usually ______ (play) football after school, but he ______ (not play) yesterday because he was ill. 2.-______ you ______ (finish) your homework yet? -Yes, I ______ (finish) it an hour ago. 3.By the end of last month, we ______ (learn) more than 1000 English words. 4.If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we ______ (cancel) the picnic. 5.My mother ______ (cook) dinner when I got home yesterday evening. 6.He ______ (be) a teacher for 10 years. He ______ (start) teaching in 2014. 7.Look! The children ______ (run) on the playground happily. 8.We ______ (visit) the Great Wall next summer holiday. 9.-How often ______ your father ______ (exercise)? -He ______ (exercise) every morning. 10.They ______ (watch) a movie when the lights went out. 三、代词用法 数 格 人 称 单 数 复 数 主 格 宾 格 主 格 宾 格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it It的特殊用法 1．一般情况下，it表示人以外的动物和东西，是单数名词的代词，译为“它”。 Where is your car？It is over there. 你的小汽车在哪儿？（它）在那边。 2．但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it，并不译为“它”。 1）指天气:It is sunny today. 今天阳光灿烂。 2）指气候:It's cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。 3）指时间:What time is it？It's six thirty. 几点了？六点半了。 4）指距离:How far is it from here to the park？ 从这儿到公园有多远？It's about two miles. 大约是二英里。 3．“ it ” 有时也可指人。 　　It's me. Open the door, please. 数 人称 类别 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他（她、它）们的 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词，表示是属于谁的东西。 如：I love my country. 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于对应的形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book? No, it isn’t，it’s hers(her book) /Jim’s /Tom’s/Maria’s This is her book. = This book is hers. 1.-Whose book is this? -It’s ______ (I). My name is on it. 2.My parents love ______ (we) very much, and ______ (we) love ______ (they) too. 3.This pen is ______ (he), not ______ (she). ______ (she) pen is in the pencil-box. 4.There are many books on the desk. Which one is ______ (you)? 5.______ (This) are my friends, Lucy and Lily. They are from America. 6.I have two sisters. ______ (One) is a doctor, and ______ (other) is a teacher. 7.Help ______ (you) to some fruits, children. 8.______ (Who) schoolbag is heavier, yours or mine? 9.The little girl can dress ______ (she) without her mother’s help. 10.There is ______ (something) wrong with my bike. I need to repair it. 四、冠词用法 1.不定冠词(a, an)的基本用法 用法 例子 在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前 This is a book. 指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类 A plane is a machine that can fly. 泛指某人或某物 A young man is waiting for you. 用在某些物质名词和抽象名词前,表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等 There’ll be a strong wind in South China. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 a knife and fork “a+序数词”表示“又一,再一” The cake is delicious and I would like a second one. 用于表明比率、速度、价格,有“每一”的意思 He was driving 50 miles an hour. 　　2.不定冠词(a,an)的区别 区别 例子 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 a teacher,a good student an用在以元音音素开头的单词前 an apple tree,an interesting story 1.He is ______ honest boy. Everyone likes to make friends with him. 2.______ sun rises in ______ east and sets in ______ west. 3.This is ______ useful book. I read it for ______ hour every day. 4.She plays ______ piano very well. She will take ______ part in ______ piano competition next week. 5.______ Greens are having ______ dinner at home now. 6.We usually go to ______ school by ______ bike, but today we took ______ bus. 7.He has ______ one-year-old son. He is ______ lovely baby. 8.______ winter is ______ cold season, but I like ______ winter very much. 9.I met ______ old friend of mine on ______ way to the park yesterday. 10.______ Great Wall is one of ______ greatest wonders in ______ world. 五、介词用法 1. 表示时间的介词 at on in 钟点 at six o’clock 用餐 at lunchtime 节日at Christmas 年龄at the age of 20 时间at this time 一天中的某段时间 at noon/at night 某一天的某时段 on Saturday morning 星期 on Saturday 日期 on May 4th 节假日 on New Year’s Day on weekends on vacation 一天中某段时间 in the afternoon 月份 in April 季节 in spring 年份 in 1887 其它：before、after：可接school，class，breakfast 2. 表示地点的介词：at, in, on, near, next to, in front of, in the front of, before, under, behind, beside, between, in the middle of, in the center of, at the back of. at 表示一个点（或小地方） at No.3 Middle school at home at the pool at Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store at Central Park at the House of Dumplings on 表示一个表面。 on Center Street on the table/chair on the wall on the beach on the floor in 表示一个范围（或大地方） In Pairs/Beijing/China In the water In the park/supermarket In Class 3 In the school magazine/the photo In the schoolbag 1.We usually have lunch ______ 12 o’clock ______ noon. 2.The library is open ______ Monday ______ Friday. We can borrow books during this time. 3.She was born ______ 2012 ______ October 15th. 4.There is a bridge ______ the river. Many people walk across it every day. 5.He is interested ______ playing basketball. He spends much time ______ it after school. 6.The gift ______ my mother is a beautiful scarf. I bought it ______ a shop ______ Wangfujing Street. 7.Don’t worry ______ me. I can look after myself well. 8.The plane arrived ______ Beijing ______ 8:30 ______ the morning. 9.She is good ______ English, but she is weak ______ math. 10.We should protect the environment ______ many ways, such as planting more trees. 参考答案 一、动词时态 1.plays; didn't play 2.Have; finished; finished 3.had learned 4.rains; will cancel 5.was cooking 6.has been; started 7.are running 8.will visit / are going to visit 9.does; exercise; exercises 10.were watching 二、形容词用法 1.interesting; interested 2.exciting; excited 3.more careful 4.more; better 5.most beautiful 6.confident 7.worse 8.impolite 9.hungrier 10.friendly 三、代词用法 1.mine 2.us; we; them 3.his; hers; Her 4.yours 5.These 6.One; the other 7.yourselves 8.Whose 9.herself 10.something 四、冠词用法 1.an 2.The; the; the 3.a; an 4.the; /; the 5.The; / 6./; /; a 7.a; a 8./; a; / 9.an; the 10.The; the; the 五、介词用法 1.at; at 2.from; to 3.in; on 4.over 5.in; on 6.for; in; on 7.about 8.in; at; in 9.at; in 10.in 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $