2026届高三英语二轮语法复习-词类转换 课件

词类转换 高 三 英 语二轮复习 语 法 复 习 专 题 课标词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用中文注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。从近五年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换主要考查了以下6点： 1 一般直 接加ly polite→ ________；rude→________； wide→_______； immediate→____________； fair→______； certain→________； careful→________； final→_______； quick→________； high→_______； official→________； regular→_________； actual→________； slow→______； sudden→_________； real→______ 1. 形容词→副词 (高频考点) politely rudely widely immediately fairly certainly carefully finally quickly highly officially regularly actually slowly suddenly really 2 辅音字母 + y → ily easy→______; angry→_______; happy→________; heavy→_______; steady→ _______；busy→ ______; lucky→_______; healthy→_________; 但shy→______ easily angrily happily heavily busily shyly luckily steadily healthily 3 以-le结尾, 去e加y possible→_________； probable→_________； terrible→_________； noble→______; comfortable→____________; reliable→________；gentle→_______; ample→_______; simple→_______ possibly probably terribly nobly comfortably reliably gently amply simply 4 (个别)去e加ly true→ _____；due→ ____________ whole→_______ 5 以-ic结尾加ally basic→________; classic→__________; magic→__________; optimistic→_____________; scientific →____________; energetic→____________; 但public →________ 6 以-ll结尾加y full→______________ ；dull→______________ basically classically magically optimistically scientifically publicly wholly truly duly (按时地) energetically fully (完全地) dully (迟钝地) 1 +al/去 e, +al music→ ________; origin→________; person→_________; nation→________; tradition→ ___________; centre→_______; practice→_________; globe→ _______; 2 -ture→ -tural nature→ ________; culture→________; agriculture→____________; architecture→____________ architectural personal national central practical cultural agricultural traditional global original 2.名词与形容词的转换 musical natural 3 -ics→ -ical politics→ ________; physics→_________; mathematics→______________; statistics →__________ 4 +ern east→ ________; west→_________; south→_________; north→_________; southwest→_____________ physical mathematical statistical western southwestern northern southern political eastern 5 +ible access→ __________; 注意 horror→_________; terror→_________ 6 +ful success→ _________; care→________; power→__________; peace→_________; fruit→ ________; 注意mercy→_________; beauty→__________ horrible terrible merciful peaceful beautiful powerful careful fruitful accessible successful 7 +ish fool→ _______; self→_______; child→________; fever→ ________ 8 +ous danger→ __________; humor→__________ 注意 anxiety→________; ambition→__________; curiosity→________; selfish childish anxious ambitious curious humorous feverish foolish dangerous 10 9 -ance→ -ant importance→ __________; significance→___________; distance →_______ ; 10 -ence→ -ent absence→ ________; silence→______; difference→_________; convenience→___________ patience→ ________; violence→ _______ significant distant silent different convenient patient violent important absent 11 -ency→ -ent fluency→ _______; efficiency→________; emergency→_________; urgency→_______ 12 +ly friend→ _________; time→ _______; man→ _______; mother→ _________； month→_________; 注意 day→ ______ efficient emergent urgent daily timely manly motherly monthly fluent friendly 13 -ble→ -bility able→ _______; responsible→_____________; possible→__________; flexible→________ 14 +y; 去e，+y;双写，+y health→ ________; sleep→______; difficult→_________; greed→_______; wealth→________; noise→______; ice→____; sun→_______; fog→______; responsibility possibility flexibility sleepy difficulty noisy sunny wealthy foggy icy greedy ability healthy 15 adj. + ness → n. weak→ __________; kind→__________; ill→_______; sad→_________; 注意 happy→___________ 16 adj. +th →n. warm→_________; 注意 strong→ ________; long→_______; wide→_______; deep→_______; true→______ kindness sadness happiness length width warmth truth illness depth weakness strength 17 -ate→ -acy accurate→_________; private→________; adequate→_________ 18 其他 free→ _________; wise→________; cruel→_______; safe→______; tire→________; trouble→____________; history→___________; science→_________; brave→________; short→_________ privacy adequacy troublesome cruelty safety tiresome historic(al) scientific bravery shortage wisdom accuracy freedom 1 +ation expect→ ___________; present→_____________; 注意 explain→_____________ 2 去e，+ation invite→ _________; examine→_____________; prepare→_____________; 注意 pronounce→_____________ presentation explanation examination preparation pronunciation 3. 动词→名词 expectation invitation 3 去e，+ tion produce→ ___________; introduce→ _____________； 注意 describe→ ___________ 4 去e，+ion devote→ _________; pollute→ _________; contribute→ ____________; revise→ ________ educate → __________； introduction description pollution contribution revision education production devotion 17 5 +ion act→ _______; attract→__________; protect→__________; suggest→__________； 注意 intend→__________ discuss → __________; express→__________; possess→__________; impress →__________ attraction protection suggestion intention expression possession impression action discussion 6 去t/d/de，+ (s)sion admit→ __________; permit→__________; extend→_________; conclude→__________; divide→________ 7 +ance；去e，+ance appear→ ___________; perform→____________; acquaint→_____________; guide→__________ permission extension conclusion division performance acquaintance guidance admission appearance 8 +ence exist→ _________; prefer→__________; refer→_________; differ→__________; depend→____________; 注意 occur→ ___________ 9 +ment achieve→ ____________; agree→ __________; announce→______________; develop→____________; encourage→_______________; 注意 argue→__________ encouragement development agreement dependence difference reference preference announcement occurrence argument existence achievement 10 去e，+al arrive→ ________; approve→ __________; survive→ _________; refuse→ ________ 11 +ure/tre fail→ _______; press→_________; depart→ __________; mix→ ________ approval survival refusal pressure departure mixture arrival failure 12 +y recover→ ________; discover→_________ 13 其他 choose→ _______; vary→_______; tend→_________; advise→_______; apologize→________; classify→_____________; grow→_______ weigh→ _______; complain→__________ discovery variety classification advice apology growth tendency recovery choice complaint weight 1 后缀-en strength→ strengthen ______； length→ lengthen _____ ； height→ heighten _____ soft→ soften _____ ；weak→ weaken _____ ； wide→ widen _____ ；less→ lessen _____ short→ shorten ________； broad→ broaden _______； quick→ quicken ______ 4. 名词/形容词→动词 加快 加强 延长 提高 软化 削弱 加宽 减少 使变短 使变宽 2 前缀en- able→ enable _______； large→ enlarge ______ ； rich→ enrich _______ courage→ encourage _____ ； danger→ endanger _____ ； compass→ encompass ______ 包围 使能够 扩大 使富有 鼓励 危及 1 +er/r sing→ _______; teach→________; strange→________; village→________; employ→__________(雇主)； interview→ ___________(采访者；面试官) 2 +or act→ _______; invent→ _________; educate→_________; visit→_______; conduct→__________ teacher stranger villager employer inventor educator visitor conductor 5. 动词/名词→表示人的名词 interviewer singer actor 3 +ee employ→ _________(雇员); interview→ ___________(被采访者；参加 面试者); pay→_______; absent→_________ 4 +(r)ess act→ _______; wait→________; host→________; steward→___________; 注意 god→________ interviewee payee absentee waitress hostess stewardess goddess employee actress 5 +ese Japan→ _________; Vietnam→___________ 注意 China→ ________; Burma(缅甸)→_________; 6 +n Asia→ ______; America→__________; Australia→___________; India→_______; Korea→________ Japanese Burmese Vietnamese American Australian Indian Korean Chinese Asian 7 (去y或s) +ian music→ _________; history→_________; library→_________; physics→_________; politics→__________ 8 +ist art→ ______; novel→ ________; tour→_______; 注意cycle→_______; science→_________ historian librarian physician politician novelist tourist cyclist scientist musician artist 9 +ant assist→ ________; account→ ___________; consult→ ____________; 注意apply→ _________; serve→ _______ 10 +ar lie→ _____; beg→_______(注意拼写) beggar accountant consultant applicant servant assistant liar 6. 动词与形容词的转换 1 +able suit→ _________; comfort→____________; reason→___________; 注意admire→___________; rely→________; 2 +ful doubt→ _________; harm→_________; hope→________; care→________; use→_______; help→________ admirable reliable comfortable reasonable harmful hopeful careful useful helpful suitable doubtful 3 +ive act→ _______; attract→_________; impress→___________; create→________ 4 +ary imagine→ __________ imaginary attractive impressive creative active 5 adj.+en/n →v. deep→ _______; wide→ _______; less→______; worse→________; dark→_______; sharp→ ________ 6 en+adj. →v. large→ ________; rich→_______; able→_______; noble→________; widen lessen worsen enrich enable ennoble darken deepen sharpen enlarge 1 dis- advantage→ ____________; agree→ _________; appear→__________; disagree disappear 7. 表示否定的前缀与后缀 disadvantage 2 il/im/ in- legal→ _______; polite→ _________; patient→__________; convenient→____________ 3 mis- understand→ ______________; lead→________; direct→__________; trust→_________ impolite impatient inconvenient mislead misdirect mistrust illegal misunderstand 4 un- able→ _______; fair→______; fit →______; fortunate→___________; usual→________ 5 +less hope→ ________; end→________; stain→________; taste→_________; use→_______; help→_________; power→_________ unfair unfit unfortunate unusual endless stainless tasteless useless helpless powerless unable hopeless 1. “No, sir. You must also start preparing for the winter if you want to have enough to eat,” the ant said ___________ (serious). 2. Brazilian officials__________ (sincere) hope hosting the games will improve life in Brazil. 3. It must take place in a _____________ (care) controlled environment, under the guidance of your doctor. 4. However, before I got on the bike, I felt _________ (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off … 5. You can imagine how ________ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed upon me. seriously carefully sincerely extremely terribly 6. ___________ ( obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. 7. If you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a ________ (health) rhythm in your life. 8. My classmates attended _________ (vary) events such as running, high jump and long jump. 9. I couldn’t imagine what it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the ___________ (power) effect the hurricane had on those people. 10. We can start the habit by writing summaries and remember to record something ___________ (impress) and meaningful. Obviously healthy various powerful impressive 11. I heard that listening to classical music is ________ (help) in reducing stress. 12. Some think it is _____________ (convenience) to get in touch with others with the cell-phone… 13. There’s clear ___________ (evident) that people who listen to lively music are lively people. 14. … more and more students would drop out of school if their personal _______ (safe) could not be guaranteed. 15. The best speed _________(eat) train their stomachs to expand. 16. I had no _______ (choose) but to prepare for it, though. helpful convenient evidence safety eaters choice 17. Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm (重新确认) the __________ (exist) of rules that need to be observed. 18. The students use a video game controller to direct its ____________ (move) in the tank. 19. A farmer once organized a ____________ (compete) between his dog and his rabbit. 20. Actually with my ______________ (confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. 21. I went off in search of him in hopes that I could _________(unite) him with his owners. existence movements competition confidence reunite 22. Actually, I _________(agree) with you over this matter. I have my own view. 23. I am sorry I ______________ (understand) what you said. 24. It was important for you to _______ (write) the essay to polish it according to the editor’s suggestion. 25. You will be fined if you smoke in public in Hong Kong because it is ________(legal) to do so. 26. In most countries, it is ________ (polite) to ask about other people’s income. 27. She was taken to hospital suffering from an __________ (regular) heartbeat. disagree misunderstood rewrite illegal impolite irregular 28. She is not easy to get along with. I find her very cool and ____________(friendly). 29. If you are __________ (willing) to go, don’t hesitate to say no. 30. Many cities in China now have direct or __________ (stop) flights to Beijing. 31. We must _________ (large) our views by reading. 32. The audience warmly clapped to welcome the world-famous __________ (violin), one of the best in the world. 33. The boss of the company is a woman, and most of her ____________ (employ) are also women. 34. He has a strong desire to become a __________ (music), so he works hard. unfriendly unwilling non-stop enlarge violinist employees musician 35. People in China don’t like hugging each other when meeting, which is a common practice in some ___________ (Europe) countries. 36. As the wages were low, there were few ____________ (apply) for the job. 37. We are ready to face any __________ (hard). 38. Just as the old saying goes, _________ (honest) is the best policy. 39. They show great _________ (anxious) about their retirement allowance. 40. I don’t think you are telling me the whole ______ (true) about what happened. 41. With knowledge and _________ (wise), the old man is respected and loved by the people. European applicants hardship honesty anxiety truth wisdom 42. The program will be of _______________ (significant) in the process. 43. He was awarded for his _________ (brave) in the battle. 44. Her perfect _______________ (pronounce) attracted everyone present. 45. They charged for ____________ (admit) so we can’t enter without ____________ (permit). 46. Everyone likes to work in pleasant _______________ (surround). 47. Success is not final and ________ (fail) is not fatal. It is the courage to continue that counts. significance bravery pronunciation admission permission surroundings failure 48. He celebrated the _______ (arrive) of the New Year with a party for his friends. 49. In a good __________ (marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise. 50. Can you tell me what the real reason for your _________ (absent) was? arrival marriage absence $