内容正文:
沪教版七年级上册英语
期末重点语法复习
Friendship
01
重点语法
1.一般现在时主要用于:
经常性、习惯性的动作(I often play basketball.)
客观事实或真理(The sun rises in the east.)
现在的状态(She likes music.)
重点注意:
主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it/ 单个人名 / 单数名词)时,动词要加 -s / -es。
常见变化:
play → plays watch → watches
go → goes do → does
重点语法
2.频度副词
常见频度副词:
always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never。
用法要点:
放在实义动词之前:He often reads books.
放在 be 动词、情态动词之后:She is always happy. / He can never swim.
频度从高到低:always > usually > often > sometimes > seldom > never。
重点语法
3.between 与 among 的区别
between:用于 两者之间。
between A and B
among:用于 三者或三者以上之间。
among the students / among the trees
重点语法
易错点1: 主语是第三人称单数时,忘记加 - s。
错: He often play football.
对: He often plays football.
易错点2: between 和 among 的混用。
口诀: 两者用 between,三者以上用 among。
1. My brother ______ TV every evening, but now he ______ books.
A. watches; reads B. watches; is reading
C. watched; read
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
every evening 用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,用 watches;now 用现在进行时,用 is reading。
答案:B
2.The teacher is standing ______ the students and talking to them.
A. between B. among C. in
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
学生是三者以上,用 among。between 用于两者。
答案:B
School life
02
重点语法
1.特殊疑问句
常用疑问词:what, who, where, when, why, how, how many, how much。
结构特点:
疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序(助动词 do/does/did + 主语 + 动词原形)。
对主语提问时,语序不变:Who is that boy?
重点语法
2.物主代词分为两类:
形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their
后面必须接名词:my book, her pen
名词性物主代词:mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
后面不能接名词(相当于 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”)。
This book is mine. = This book is my book.
重点语法
3. 时间介词 in /on/at
in:用于较长的时间段
in the morning / in May / in 2025
on:用于具体某一天
on Monday / on May 1st / on a cold morning
at:用于具体时刻
at 7 o’clock / at noon / at night
重点语法
易错点:
形容词性物主代词后缺名词,或名词性物主代词后多名词。
错: This is my. / This is mine book.
对: This is mine. / This is my book.
易错点:
时间介词混用,特别是早中晚前有修饰词时。
错: in Monday morning.
对: on Monday morning (具体到某一天的早上用 on)。
1. — Whose pencil case is this?
— It isn't ______. It is ______.
A. mine; her B. my; hers C. mine; hers
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
两个空后都无名词,用名词性物主代词 mine 和 hers。
答案:C
2.We usually have a class meeting ______ 3:00 p.m. ______ Fridays.
A. at; on B. in; on C. at; in
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
具体时刻用 at;星期用 on。
答案:A
The seasons
03
重点语法
1.形容词和副词的比较级与最高级
比较级:用于两者比较,结构为 “形容词 / 副词 + er” 或 “more + 形容词 / 副词”。
最高级:
用于三者或以上比较,结构为 “the + 形容词 / 副词 + est” 或 “the most + 形容词 / 副词”。
重点语法
常见规则:
tall → taller → tallest
nice → nicer → nicest
heavy → heavier → heaviest
beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful
不规则变化:
good/well → better → best
bad/ill → worse → worst
many/much → more → most
重点语法
2. 感叹句(What / How)
What 修饰名词:
What a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 / 复数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
How 修饰形容词或副词:
How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
判断技巧:
看中心词是否为名词。是名词用 What,不是名词用 How。
重点语法
易错点: 比较级前忘记加 than,或最高级前忘记加 the。
错: Summer is hotter spring. / Winter is coldest season.
对: Summer is hotter than spring. / Winter is the coldest season.
易错点: 感叹句中 What 和 How 的选择。
技巧: 看后面有没有名词。有名词用 What (What a fine day!),没名词用 How (How fine the day is!)。
1. — ______ weather we are having these days!
— Yes, it is raining so much.
A. What a bad B. What bad C. How bad
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
weather 是不可数名词,不能加 a/an,用 What 修饰名词。
答案:B
2. Of all the seasons, I like autumn ______ because the weather is cool.
A. well B. better C. best
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
Of all the seasons 表示三者以上比较,用最高级 best。
答案:C
The Earth
04
重点语法
1.There be 句型表示 “某地有某物”。
结构:There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词 + 地点
There are + 复数名词 + 地点
重 点:
就近原则:be 动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
There are two books and a pen on the desk.
重点语法
2.情态动词 must /should
must:表示 “必须”,语气最强。
You must finish your homework now.
should:
表示 “应该”,用于建议。
You should exercise more.
重点语法
3.方位介词
on:在…… 表面
in:在…… 内部
under:在…… 下方
between … and …:在…… 和…… 之间
among:在…… 之中(三者以上)
重点语法
易错点: There be 句型与 have/has 的混用。
错: There have a book on the desk.
对: There is a book on the desk. / I have a book. (There be 表存在,have 表拥有)。
易错点: 就近原则的判断。
例: There is (a pen and two books) on the desk. (离 be 最近的是 a pen,单数)。
例: There are (two books and a pen) on the desk. (离 be 最近的是 two books,复数)。
1.There ______ some water and apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
water 是不可数名词,根据就近原则用 is。
答案:A
2. — I can't find my English book.
— You ______ put it in your schoolbag. Let's check.
A. must B. should C. will
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
表示非常有把握的推测,用 must。
答案:A
Off to space
05
重点语法
1.一般将来时(be going to /will)
be going to + 动词原形:
表示计划、打算:I’m going to visit Beijing.
根据迹象推测:It’s going to rain.
will + 动词原形:
表示临时决定:I’ll help you.
表示客观将来:He will be 13 next year.
重点语法
2.形容词修饰不定代词不定代词:
something, anything, nothing, everything, somebody, anybody 等。
规则:
形容词必须放在不定代词之后。
something new(正确)
new something(错误)
重点语法
3.可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词:star, planet, astronaut
不可数名词:space, water, air
注意:
space 表示 “太空” 时不可数,不能加 a/an。
重点语法
易错点: 形容词位置放错。
错: I want to buy something new. (对) / I want to buy new something. (错)
口诀: 不定代词是个宝,形容词要往后跑。
易错点: There be 句型的将来时。
结构: There will be ... / There is/are going to be ...
注意: 千万不要写成 There will have!
1. I think ______ is wrong with my computer. It doesn't work.
A. nothing B. anything C. something
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
肯定句表示 “某物有问题”,用 something。
答案:C
2. Look at the dark clouds! It ______ rain soon.
A. will B. is going to C. goes to
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
根据迹象推测用 be going to。
答案:B
Travelling around Asia
06
重点语法
1.现在进行时
结构:am /is/are + 动词 - ing用法:
表示正在进行的动作:He is reading now.
表示现阶段正在进行但此刻不一定在做的动作:I am learning English this term.
标志词:now, look, listen, at the moment.
动词 - ing 变化规则:
play → playing watch → watching
swim → swimming run → running
make → making
重点语法
2.方位介词 across /through/over
across:从表面穿过
through:从内部穿过
over:从上方越过
重点语法
3.专有名词
国家、城市、山脉、河流等首字母必须大写。
China, Japan, India
the Great Wall, the Yellow River
重点语法
易错点: 现在进行时中漏掉 be 动词或 -ing 形式。
错: He play football now. / He is play football now.
对: He is playing football now.
易错点: 瞬间动词与进行时的误用(七年级接触较少,但需注意)。
注意: see, hear, like, know 等表示状态或感官的动词通常不用于进行时。
1. — Where is your father?
— He ______ a newspaper in the living room.
A. reads B. read C. is reading
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
询问此刻正在做什么,用现在进行时。
答案:C
2. Be quiet! The baby ______ in the bedroom.
A. sleeps B. slept C. is sleeping
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
Be quiet! 提示动作正在进行。
答案:C
Fun after school
07
重点语法
1.一般过去时:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。规则动词过去式:
play → played visit → visited
watch → watched study → studied
carry → carried
不规则动词:
go → went see → saw
have → had eat → ate
buy → bought
常用时间状语:yesterday, last week, ... ago, in 2026
重点语法
2.祈使句
表示请求、命令、建议。
肯定:动词原形开头
Open the door.
否定:Don’t + 动词原形
Don’t run.
重点语法
3.一般过去时的疑问句与否定句
疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形?
Did you go to the park?
否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形
I didn’t see him.
注意:did 出现后,动词必须还原。
重点语法
易错点: 一般过去时的疑问句和否定句中,实义动词没有还原。
错: Did you went to the park?
对: Did you go to the park? (助动词 did 已经体现了过去式,后面动词要还原)。
易错点: 不规则动词的拼写错误。
常考: buy-bought, eat-ate, take-took, get-got。
1. — What ______ you ______ last night?
— I watched a film about space.
A. did; do B. do; do C. did; did
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
last night 用一般过去时,助动词 did 后接动词原形 do。
答案:A
2.My mother ______ a new dress for me yesterday.
A. buy B. bought C. buys
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
yesterday 用一般过去时,buy 的过去式是 bought。
答案:B
Collecting as a hobby
08
重点语法
1.动名词(Gerund)作主语结构:Doing sth. + is + adj./n.表示 “做某事这件事本身”。
Collecting stamps is fun.
Reading is important.
注意:动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
重点语法
2.情态动词 can /could
can:表示现在的能力。
I can swim.
could:
表示过去的能力:I could swim when I was five.
表示委婉的请求:Could you help me?
重点语法
3.介词 for 的用法
表示目的或用途:
a box for stamps(装邮票的盒子)
a bag for books(装书的包)
重点语法
易错点: 动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
错: Collecting stamps are fun.
对: Collecting stamps is fun. (把 Collecting stamps 看作一个整体)。
易错点: could 表示过去能力时的否定。
错: I could not to swim.
对: I couldn't swim. (情态动词后接动词原形)。
1. ______ stamps is my favourite hobby. It makes me happy.
A. Collect B. Collecting C. Collected
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
两者(Tom
答案:B
2. — ______ you help me carry this heavy box?
— Sure, no problem.
A. Must B. Should C. Could
典型例题
常考易错点解析
解析:
委婉请求用 Could you...?
答案:C
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