2026年中考英语复习专题课件：句子种类和简单句

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦“句子种类和简单句”核心考点，覆盖祈使句、感叹句、疑问句及5种简单句基本句型，对接中考说明中句法考查要求，分析祈使句否定形式、感叹句what/how辨析等高频考点权重，归纳填空、选择、语法填空等常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“语境悟语法+中考真题实战”模式，如2024自贡改编题示范祈使句“and/or+陈述句”结构，2025白银题解析特殊疑问句how much用法，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。通过“用法总结+语境体悟+实战练”三步突破法，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此制定精准复习计划，提升中考得分率。

第二篇　语法突破方案 句法(一)　句子种类和简单句 语境悟语法 语境实战练 课标考点导图 课标考点导图 2 语境悟语法 由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫简单句。 常见句子种类:陈述句、祈使句、感叹句、疑问句。本专题主要介绍后面三种类型。 1 句子种类 3 语境悟语法 考点一 祈使句 ❘用法总结❘ 【小贴士】常考句型:祈使句, and/or+陈述句.(陈述句用一般将来时或为含情态动词的句子) 4 1.　　　　(be) quiet, please! You are in the library.  2.“No 　 　　　(smoke)!” says the sign.  3.Let the kids not 　　　　(leave) school alone.  4.(2024自贡改编)Be careful with the knife while cooking, and don’t 　　　　(cut) your fingers.  5.After you finish writing your e-mail, 　　　　(click) on “Send”.  6.“Li Ming, 　　　　(do) your homework first, and you can watch TV for 30 minutes,” said his mom.  语境悟语法 Be smoking ❘语境体悟❘ leave cut click do 5 语境悟语法 考点二 感叹句 ❘用法总结❘ 6 语境悟语法 1.—Hi, guys! Our team won first place in the table tennis match. —　　　　　　 exciting news it is! We are so happy to hear that.  2.　　　　　　 meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park.  3.Hachi: A Dog’s Tale moved me to tears. 　　　　　　touching the movie is!  What ❘语境体悟❘ What a How 7 语境悟语法 考点三 疑问句 ❘用法总结❘ 1.一般疑问句 (1)句型 (2)答语 肯定回答:Yes, certainly./Sure./Of course./All right.等。　 否定回答:No, sorry./Not yet./I’m afraid not.等。 8 语境悟语法 2.特殊疑问句 (1)特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句 类别 疑问词 含义及用法 疑问代词 what 意为“什么”,询问职业、身份、观点、看法等(无选择范围) which 意为“哪一个;哪一些”,询问特定的人或物(有选择范围) who 意为“谁”, 询问人 疑问副词 when 意为“什么时候”,询问时间 where 意为“哪里”,询问地点、位置 why 意为“为什么”,询问原因 how 意为“如何;怎样”,询问方式、感受 9 语境悟语法 (2)how词组引导的特殊疑问句 词组 含义及用法 how long 意为“多长(时间)”,提问时间段或物体的长度 how often 意为“多久一次”,提问频率 how soon 意为“多久以后”,提问“in+时间段” how many 意为“多少”,提问可数名词的数量 how much 意为“多少”,提问不可数名词的量或价格 how far 意为“多远”,提问距离 how old 意为“多大”,提问年龄 10 语境悟语法 3.选择疑问句 选择疑问句可以分为以下两种: ①一般选择疑问句:一般疑问句(已包含选项A)+or+选项B?　 ②特殊选择疑问句:特殊疑问句, 选项A or 选项B? 【小贴士】选择疑问句的答语不用“yes”或“no”, 而要用具体的选择来作答。 11 语境悟语法 【1】用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Why don’t you 　　　　(ask) your mother for advice?  2.—David, take it easy. It’s not your fault. —　　　　(who) then?  3.—　　　　 you 　　　　(use) to go to school by bus?  —Yes, I did. 4.—　　　　 these shirts 　　　　(make) of cotton?   —Yes, they are. They are made in Xinjiang. ask ❘语境体悟❘ Whose Did use Are made 12 语境悟语法 5.—　　　　 you 　 　　　(finish) doing your homework?  —Yes, I have. 6.What would you like 　　　　(have) this afternoon?  7.With 　　　　(who) do you want to climb the mountains?  8.Daniel goes for a walk on Sundays. 　　　　you 　　　　(go) with him?  9.What about 　　　　(go) swimming and relaxing ourselves?  10.How soon 　　　　the photos 　　　　(come) out?  Have finished to have whom Do go going will come 13 语境悟语法 【2】从方框中选择恰当的疑问词或疑问词组填空。 1.(2024广西改编)—Henry, 　　　　　　is your job?　  —I’m a policeman. 2.(2024无锡改编)　　　　　　 is the girl wearing a scarf? Is she your sister?  3.(2025遂宁改编)—Excuse me, sir. 　　　is it from here to the train station?  —Oh, it’s about ten minutes’ walk. 4.(2025北京改编)—Steve, 　　　　did you begin to learn how to play chess?  —About two years ago. what Who How far when when　what　who　how much　how far 14 语境悟语法 5.(2025白银改编)—　　　　　　 are the trousers?  —20 pounds. How much when　what　who　how much　how far 15 语境悟语法 2 简单句 句型 例句 句型1　主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V) Spring comes. 春天来了。 句型2　主语+谓语(系动词)+表语(S+V+P) The scarf feels soft and comfortable. 这条围巾摸起来既柔软又舒服。 句型3　主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(S+V+O) My grandmother likes planting flowers. 我的奶奶喜欢种花。 句型4　主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) My grandfather bought me a dictionary. =My grandfather bought a dictionary for me. 我的爷爷给我买了一本词典。 句型5　主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) The little girl colored the flower purple. 小女孩把花涂成了紫色。 句型6　存现句(there be句型) There is a cup on the desk. 书桌上有一个杯子。 16 Ⅰ.在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 1.—　　 　　 will you turn to if you have problems in your life?  —My parents, I think. 2.—Hi, Catherine. Long time no see. 　　　　did you go?  —I went to London to visit my uncle. 3.What smells so nice? Let’s 　　　　(go) to the kitchen and have a look.  4.　　　　 great progress you have achieved in the past three years!   5.　　　　(think) it over, and you will be able to work out the problem.  6. 　　　　a kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with study.  语境实战练 Who/Whom Where go What Think What 17 7.There 　　　　(be) always success and failure in everyone’s life. We should treat them with a peaceful mind.  8.—　　　　 is the sports center closed today?  —Here’s a notice. Let’s have a look. 9.—David, there 　　　　(be) a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away.   —OK, Mom. I’ll do it right away. 10.—　　　　 heavy the rain is!  —Yes. I love the smell of wet earth after rain. It smells so fresh. 语境实战练 is Why is How 18 Ⅱ.语法填空 My name is Ryan. Last summer, my family and I went to an island for our summer vacation. There 1.　　　　(be) so many fun and interesting things to do on the island, but my favorite was fishing. Every day, my mom, my dad, my younger brother Derek and I went to the beach. We took 2.　　　　(we) little fishing boat with us. Mom didn’t like fishing, so she stayed on the beach and read a book.  语境实战练 were our 19 One morning, while we were fishing, we heard a loud noise. “3.　　　 is that?” I asked. “Oh, don’t 4.　　　　(worried), Ryan. It might be a turtle(海龟) swimming under the boat,” said Dad. Derek and I looked around the boat, but we couldn’t see anything. Then we heard a 5.　　 　　(difference) noise, which sounded like an animal. “Look, Dad, there it is!” shouted Derek. It was a sea turtle and it couldn’t swim well. “Let’s 6.　　　　(go) closer and see what’s wrong with it,” Dad said. 语境实战练 What worry different go 20 When we got closer, we saw that there 7.　　　　(be) a piece of plastic(塑料) around the turtle’s legs. “Oh! 8.　　　　 poor the turtle is! Let’s help it,” I said. So Dad jumped into the water, swam to the turtle and 9.　　 　　(bring) it back to the boat. “There you go, little turtle. Now you can swim to your family,” Dad said as he cut the plastic off. Then Derek and I put it back in the water. “I know! We should make 10.　　　　 sign about not throwing rubbish into the sea, and put it up on the beach,” I said. “I’ll help, too!” said Derek. “Great idea, kids. If we all don’t do anything 11.　　　　(stop) sea pollution, these sea animals will die,” Dad said.  语境实战练 was How brought a to stop 21 $