精品解析：上海交通大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷

2025-2026学年度第一学期 高二英语期末考试卷 （满分150分，120分钟完成。答案一律写在答题纸上。） 命题：陈欣怡 审核：王玮 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A (10’) Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Go to sleep. B. Eat something. C. Buy some more cups. D. Drink less coffee. 2. A. The gardener. B. The lawyer. C. The librarian. D. The waiter. 3. A. Alex will perform better. B. Alex isn’t a good basketballer. C. Ryan looks as confident as ever. D. Ryan doesn’t think they will win. 4. A. The long run has been canceled. B. Luis should skip the long run today. C. Luis shouldn’t worry about his knee issues. D. The weather isn’t good for outdoor activities tonight. 5. A. Keep the door closed. B. Go to a less noisy place. C. Talk about the project with the man. D. Share some privacy with Mrs. Smith. 6. A. He is taking a picture. B. He has poor eyesight. C. He needs his sunglasses. D. He forgets where his glasses are. 7. A. The woman should check the parts. B. Delivery of the parts has been delayed. C. He doesn’t know if the parts have arrived. D. He will call the supplier to reorder the parts. 8. A. He prefers not to be interrupted. B. He has already explained this point. C. He doesn’t understand the woman’s question. D. He doesn’t think the last chapter is confusing. 9. A. Bury her anger in her mind. B. Ask Carl about the situation. C. Forget her anger and move on. D. Discuss her anger with someone else. 10. A. How to manage time well. B. How to improve study habits. C. How to set a morning routine. D. How to get up on time for class. Section B (1.5’*10=15’) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To build habitat for wild animals. B. To save and care for wounded animals. C. To conduct scientific research on wildlife. D. To provide guided tours in national parks. 12. A. It is a group of rangers from various countries. B. It consists of female members from a local tribe. C. It works on international wildlife conservation projects. D. It is a team of female rangers who are experts in lion protection. 13. A. The role of rangers and the challenges they face. B. The history and significance of World Ranger Day. C. The personal story of a ranger named Purity Amleset. D. The detailed daily activities of a typical wildlife ranger. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A benefit of calorie estimation. B. The complexity of calorie counting. C. An innovative way of calorie counting. D. The trouble with monitoring calorie intake. 15. A. It helps to improve users’ cooking skills. B. It helps explain recipes on German cooking websites. C. It automatically enters nutritional information of food into apps. D. It predicts food’s macronutrient content by analyzing meal images. 16. A. People do not follow recipes while cooking. B. Human beings are not good at making estimates. C. It falls down when meeting with images never seen before. D. High-calorie and low-calorie foods are difficult to tell apart. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A science festival. B. New science classes. C. A photography contest. D. Photography equipment. 18. A. It takes place every year. B. It accepts science-related photos. C. It offers prizes in cash to the winners. D. It is mainly for researchers and students. 19. A. £1,000. B. £750. C. £500. D. £250. 20. A. Enter for the competition. B. Visit a science exhibition. C. Set up a website of their own. D. Buy some new photography equipment. Ⅲ. Vocabulary (1’*20=10’) *Section A (10’) 1. The fire inspector determined that the building’s ________ structural integrity posed an unacceptable safety risk to all occupants and nearby residents. A. concerned B. compromised C. constituted D. civilized 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：消防检查员判定，该建筑受损的结构完整性对所有居住者和附近居民构成了不可接受的安全风险。A. concerned相关的/担心的；B. compromised受损的/被破坏的；C. constituted构成/建立（构建的）；D. civilized文明的。结合“火灾检查”和“安全风险”的语境，compromised最能描述结构完整性被破坏的状态，故选B。 2. Following the major data privacy breach last week, many concerned users quickly replaced their real photographs with anonymous avatars as ________ pictures on social media. A. label B. boycott C. profile D. status 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上周发生重大数据隐私泄露事件后，许多担忧的用户迅速将社交媒体上的真实照片替换为匿名头像作为个人资料图片。A. label标签；B. boycott抵制；C. profile个人资料；D. status状况。结合“社交媒体上替换头像”的语境，profile pictures是固定搭配，指“个人资料图片/头像”，最符合语义。故选C。 3. The experienced traditional Chinese medicine practitioner carefully assessed the patient’s overall ________ before prescribing any personalized herbal remedies. A. perception B. humiliation C. segregation D. constitution 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位经验丰富的中医在开具个性化草药方剂前，仔细评估了患者的整体体质。A. perception感知；看法；认识；B. humiliation羞辱；耻辱；C. segregation隔离；分离；D. constitution体质；体格；宪法。constitution在医学语境中特指人的身体机能和健康状态，符合中医“辨证论治”中对患者整体体质评估的需求。故选D项。 4. The dedicated marine scientists decided to carefully ________ each rare sea turtle with advanced GPS tracking devices. A. prohibit B. perceive C. tag D. oppose 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：敬业的海洋科学家决定用先进的GPS追踪设备仔细给每只稀有海龟贴标签。A. prohibit禁止；B. perceive察觉、理解；C. tag给……贴标签；D. oppose反对。结合“海洋科学家用GPS追踪海龟”的语境，tag最符合科研人员的行为逻辑，故选C。 5. I ________ that she’s secretly thrilled about that unexpected promotion despite complaints about the additional responsibilities. A. decline B. rule C. bet D. concern 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打赌，尽管她抱怨额外的责任，但她其实对这次意外的晋升暗地感到兴奋。A. decline拒绝，下降；B. rule统治，规定；C. bet打赌，确信；D. concern关心，涉及。结合语境中“表面抱怨但实际兴奋”的推测逻辑，bet在此处表示“我敢肯定”，最符合语义，故选C。 6. The competitive athlete has ________ across the challenging channel multiple times this year to prepare intensively for the upcoming international championship race. A. rowed B. sowed C. bowed D. mowed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位竞技运动员今年已经多次划行穿过这条极具挑战性的海峡，为即将到来的国际锦标赛进行高强度准备。A. rowed划（船）；B. sowed播种；C. bowed鞠躬/弯曲；D. mowed割（草）。结合“穿过海峡”和“为国际锦标赛准备”的语境，rowed最符合水上运动的逻辑，故选A。 7. His conservative parents ________ his decision to drop out of prestigious law school to pursue a risky acting career full-time. Which of the following is NOT CORRECT? A. oppose to B. are opposed to C. oppose D. are in opposition to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及短语用法辨析。句意：他思想保守的父母反对他从顶尖法学院退学、全职从事高风险演艺事业的决定。题目要求选出错误选项。A. oppose to反对（搭配错误，oppose是及物动词，直接接宾语，无需加to）；B. are opposed to反对（固定短语，be opposed to sth.中to为介词，后接名词/动名词）；C. oppose反对（及物动词，可直接接宾语his decision，用法正确）；D. are in opposition to反对（固定短语，in opposition to表示“与……相反/反对”，用法正确）。结合oppose的用法规则，A选项oppose to存在搭配错误，是唯一不正确的选项，故选A。 8. Professional wine tasters can accurately discriminate ________ subtle flavor differences in various premium wine regions. A. against B. in favor of C. from D. between 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词（短语）词义辨析。句意：专业的品酒师能够准确区分不同优质葡萄酒产区之间细微的风味差异。A. against反对；B. in favor of支持；赞同；有利于；C. from来自；D. between在……之间。根据“subtle flavor differences in various premium wine regions”可知，专业品酒师能准确区分不同优质葡萄酒产区之间细微的风味差异。discriminate between在……之间做出区分。故选D。 9. The rival marketing managers eventually ________ each other after realizing their constant conflicts were negatively affecting the entire team’s productivity and morale. A. made up with B. caught up with C. made up for D. caught up on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这两位对立的营销经理意识到彼此的持续冲突正给整个团队的生产力和士气带来负面影响后，最终和解了。 A. made up with与……和解；重归于好；B. caught up with追上；赶上；C. made up for弥补； D. caught up on补做；赶完。根据after realizing their constant conflicts were negatively affecting the entire team’s productivity and morale可知，他们最终和解了。故选A项。 10. My introverted brother surprisingly ________ with his blind date within minutes and they ended up talking for three hours at the cozy café. A. hit it off B. took a stand C. backed down D. lost a bet 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我性格内向的哥哥居然和相亲对象几分钟内就相处得十分融洽，两人在那家温馨的咖啡馆里聊了足足三个小时。 A. hit it off相处融洽，一拍即合； B. took a stand表明立场，坚持主张； C. backed down让步，退缩； D. lost a bet打赌输了。根据后文they ended up talking for three hours at the cozy café可知，性格内向的哥哥居然和相亲对象几分钟内就相处得十分融洽。故选A项。 Section B (10’) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. ran B. coverage C. engagement D. heights E. intensifies F. moment G. stood H. straight I. sustained J. transition K. updated Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 The Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 is “parasocial”, which means involving or relating to a connection that someone feels between themselves and a famous person they do not know, a character in a book, film, TV series, etc., or an artificial intelligence. As social media ____11____ the intimacy that fans feel with their adored celebrities, and with the rise in popularity of AI companions that can take on personalities, the word for these one-way relationships — parasocial — is having its own ____12____. A ____13____ trend in increased searches for parasocial had already begun, driven in part by debate on social platforms about the ethics of marketers and influencers who take advantage of parasocial relationships. But in June, lookups also surged due to media ____14____ about Meta and OpenAI and the potential effect of their chatbots on children and mental health. By September of 2025, the Cambridge Dictionary definition of parasocial was ____15____ to include the possibility of a relationship with an artificial intelligence. In August, global coverage of the way in which Taylor Swift announced her ____16____ to Travis Kelce caused lookups of parasocial to surge as the media dissected fans’ reactions. Posts by fans say “I’m not being parasocial about it” and talk about “a Swiftie being parasocial for ten minutes ____17____”. Parasocial ____18____ out in 2025 for several reasons. Public interest in the term increased massively this year, as we can see from our data: the number of searches for it in the Cambridge Dictionary as well as on Google spiked on several occasions. It’s interesting from a language point of view because it has made the ____19____ from an academic term to one used by ordinary people in their social media posts. And it also captures the zeitgeist of 2025, as the public’s fascination with celebrities and their lifestyles continues to reach new _____20_____. 【答案】11. E 12. F 13. I 14. B 15. K 16. C 17. H 18. G 19. J 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，介绍了《剑桥词典》2025年年度词汇parasocial（准社会的），阐述该词当选的原因、使用热度的攀升及背后的社会背景。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：随着社交媒体加深粉丝与心仪名人之间的亲密感，且具有人格特质的人工智能陪伴者日益受欢迎，用来描述这种单向关系的词汇——准社会的——也迎来了属于自己的高光时刻。根据句意“社交媒体让粉丝和名人的亲密感变得更强”，此处需要表达“增强、加剧”的动词，且主语social media为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，应选intensifies，故选E。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着社交媒体加深粉丝与心仪名人之间的亲密感，且具有人格特质的人工智能陪伴者日益受欢迎，用来描述这种单向关系的词汇——准社会的——也迎来了属于自己的高光时刻。根据句意“这个词汇迎来了受关注的时刻”，结合固定搭配have one’s moment“迎来高光时刻、走红”，应选moment，作宾语。故选F。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：受社交平台上关于营销人员和网红利用准社会关系的道德性争论的部分推动，parasocial一词的搜索量持续上升的趋势早已开始。根据句意“搜索量上升的趋势是持续的”，此处需要表达“持续的”形容词修饰名词trend，应选sustained，故选I。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：但到了6月，由于媒体对Meta公司和开放人工智能公司及其聊天机器人对儿童和心理健康的潜在影响的相关报道，该词的查询量也大幅飙升。根据句意“媒体的相关报道引发查询量上升”，结合固定搭配media coverage“媒体报道”，应选coverage，作宾语。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：到2025年9月，《剑桥词典》中parasocial的定义已更新，纳入了与人工智能产生这种关系的可能性。根据句意“词典定义被补充更新”，此处需要表达“更新”的动词，且句子为被动语态，用过去分词形式，应选updated，故选K。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：8月，泰勒·斯威夫特宣布与特拉维斯·凯尔西订婚的相关全球报道，使得媒体剖析粉丝反应时，parasocial的查询量再次飙升。根据句意“泰勒·斯威夫特与他人建立恋爱关系的公开动态”，此处需要表达“订婚”相关的名词，应选engagement“订婚”，符合“订婚”的语境，作宾语。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：粉丝们发布的帖子中写道“我对此并没有产生准社会情感”，也有人提到“一个泰勒的粉丝短暂地产生了十分钟的准社会情感”。根据句意“短暂地、直接地（产生这种情感）”，结合固定搭配ten minutes straight，表示“连续十分钟、短短十分钟”，应用straight，符合语境，应选straight，故选H。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：parasocial一词在2025年脱颖而出，原因有几个。根据句意“这个词汇在众多词汇中显得突出”，结合固定搭配stand out“脱颖而出、引人注目”，且句子描述2025年的客观事实，用一般过去时，stand的过去式为stood，应选stood，故选G。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：从语言学角度来看，这个词的有趣之处在于，它已经从一个学术术语转变为普通人在社交媒体帖子中使用的词汇。根据句意“从学术术语到日常词汇的转变”，结合固定搭配make the transition from...to...“从……转变到……”，应选transition，故选J。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：它也捕捉到了2025年的时代精神，因为公众对名人及其生活方式的痴迷持续达到新的高度。根据句意“痴迷的程度达到新的高度”，结合固定搭配reach new heights“达到新高度”，应选heights，作宾语。故选D。 Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (15’+30’=45’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Woman’s Work Women have made great strides in the employment market over the past 50 years. But many still feel that their progress is ____21____ and, to coincide with International Women’s Day, two new books by feminist writers address the issues. In The Fix, Michelle King, director of inclusion at Netflix, observes that women are constantly told they need to change themselves. ____22____, she argues, working practices should change to accommodate the needs of half the adult population. In The Home Stretch, Sally Howard, a journalist, suggests that a big reason why women are ____23____ is that even those who work full-time are still expected to do the bulk (大量) of the housework. She makes a strong case “why it’s time to come ____24____ about who does the dishes”. Are women in the workplace judged by the same ____25____ as their male colleagues? Are they ____26____ with adjectives (aggressive or emotional, for example) that would not be applied to men with the same characteristics? Despite recent ____27____, women still face a glass ceiling. A couple of stories in Ms. King’s book illustrate the point. Sarah was an executive at a multinational who worked late, underwent management training and ____28____ received and acted on feedback. After many years of ____29____, it seemed she was due for promotion to the next tier, which was 100% male. But at the key meeting a male executive said: “I don’t know; she just doesn’t fit. She has those glasses and she wears that clip in her hair.” What he did was not exactly “____30____ management”. In the other tale Ms. King, on her first day in a new job, walked into a kitchen full of men. Her boss said “Hey, Michelle, there are dishes in the sink and you are a woman, so wash them.” When she ____31____, she was told to learn to take a joke. Bullying ____32____ as humor is still bullying. Sometimes the ____33____ for the lack of female progress in certain professions is that women and men naturally choose to pursue different career paths. Yet those outcomes may simply be the result of formal or informal barriers against female success. At the end of the 19th century, when only 4-5% of American doctors were women, some men no doubt put this down to a lack of gift. Many medical schools, perhaps sharing that preconception, did not ____34____ female candidates. Many of the arguments that women’s lack of progress is down to aptitude or choice look like a convenient fiction for men, who do rather well out of the ____35____. Women, who end up doing most of the chores as well as working long hours, get an unfair deal. It is not them who need to change — it is the attitudes of men. 21. A. boosted B. blocked C. reported D. made 22. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Thus 23. A. held back B. ran after C. entitled to D. applied to 24. A. close B. clean C. second D. right 25. A. standards B. power C. qualities D. merits 26. A. proved B. witnessed C. described D. revised 27. A. pressure B. progress C. prejudice D. presence 28. A. hesitantly B. vaguely C. enthusiastically D. honorably 29. A. rejection B. dominance C. encouragement D. complaint 30. A. emotional B. scientific C. subjective D. habitual 31. A. approved B. astonished C. protested D. reflected 32. A. masked B. controlled C. dismissed D. targeted 33. A. mystery B. knowledge C. excuse D. outcome 34. A. admit B. dump C. inspire D. prohibit 35. A. investment B. negotiation C. nonsense D. bargain 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇议论文，围绕女性职场发展展开论述，指出尽管过去50年女性在职场取得一定进步，但仍面临诸多阻碍，如职场双重标准、性别偏见引发的霸凌，以及家庭劳务的不公分配等问题。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但许多女性仍觉得自己的发展受到了阻碍，恰逢国际妇女节，两位女性主义作家的新书探讨了这些问题。A. boosted促进；B. blocked阻碍；C. reported报道；D. made做出。根据前文“Women have made great strides in the employment market over the past 50 years”及转折词“But”，可知此处指女性的职业发展仍存在阻碍，“blocked”符合语境，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她认为，工作模式应该做出改变，以适应占成年人口一半的女性的需求。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead相反；D. Thus因此。根据前文“women are constantly told they need to change themselves”可知米歇尔·金的观点与这种普遍认知相反，并非女性改变自己，而是改变工作模式，“Instead”符合逻辑转折，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：记者萨莉·霍华德在《最后一程》中表示，女性发展受阻的一个重要原因是，即便是全职工作的女性，仍被期望承担大部分家务。A. held back阻碍、抑制；B. ran after追求；C. entitled to有权享有；D. applied to应用于。根据后文“still expected to do the bulk of the housework”可知，家务的重负让女性的职业发展受到制约，“held back”符合语义，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有力地阐明了“为何是时候直面谁来洗碗这个问题了”。A. close亲密的；B. clean干净的；C. second次要的；D. right正确的。根据上文“even those who work full-time are still expected to do the bulk (大量) of the housework”可知，此处指直面家务分配的性别不公问题，“come clean about sth”为固定搭配，意为“坦白、直面某事”，符合语境，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：职场中的女性和男性同事受到的评判标准是一样的吗？A. standards标准；B. power权力；C. qualities品质；D. merits优点。根据后文“with adjectives (aggressive or emotional, for example) that would not be applied to men with the same characteristics”可知，此处探讨的是职场中对男女是否存在双重评判标准，“standards”符合语义，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们会用一些形容词（比如强势、情绪化）来描述她们，而这些词绝不会用在有相同特质的男性身上？A. proved证明；B. witnessed见证；C. described描述；D. revised修订。根据后文“with adjectives (aggressive or emotional, for example)”可知，此处指用特定形容词描述女性，“described”符合语境，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管近来取得了一些进步，女性仍面临着职场天花板。A. pressure压力；B. progress进步；C. prejudice偏见；D. presence存在。根据前文“Women have made great strides in the employment market over the past 50 years”，以及转折词“Despite”，可知此处指即便有进步，女性职场发展仍有阻碍，“progress”符合语义，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：萨拉是一家跨国公司的高管，她工作到很晚，参加管理培训，还热情地接受反馈并付诸行动。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. vaguely模糊地；C. enthusiastically热情地、积极地；D. honorably体面地。根据后文“received and acted on feedback”以及她本应获得晋升的背景，可知萨拉对待工作反馈的态度是积极的，“enthusiastically”符合语境，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的被拒绝之后，她似乎终于有望晋升到下一个级别了，而那个级别全是男性。A. rejection拒绝；B. dominance支配地位、优势；C. encouragement鼓励；D. complaint抱怨。根据后文“it seemed she was due for promotion to the next tier, which was 100% male. But at the key meeting a male executive said: “I don’t know; she just doesn’t fit. She has those glasses and she wears that clip in her hair.””，可知Sarah多年努力后本应晋升，却被荒谬理由拒绝，因此“rejection”最能体现她长期遭遇的否定，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的所作所为绝非“科学的管理方式”。A. emotional情绪化的；B. scientific科学的；C. subjective主观的；D. habitual习惯性的。根据前文“I don’t know; she just doesn’t fit. She has those glasses and she wears that clip in her hair.”，男性高管以“她戴的眼镜、头发上的发夹”这种无关工作的理由否定萨拉的晋升，可知这种评判方式毫无专业依据，并非科学的管理方式，“scientific”符合语境，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她提出抗议时，却被要求学会开玩笑。A. approved赞成；B. astonished使吃惊；C. protested抗议；D. reflected反思。根据前文“Hey, Michelle, there are dishes in the sink and you are a woman, so wash them.”，老板因米歇尔是女性就让她洗碗的性别偏见行为，可知她对此表示反对、抗议，“protested”符合语义，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伪装成幽默的霸凌终究还是霸凌。A. masked伪装；B. controlled控制；C. dismissed驳回；D. targeted针对。根据前文“she was told to learn to take a joke”，老板将性别歧视的要求当作“玩笑”，可知这种霸凌行为被伪装成幽默，“masked as”为固定搭配，意为“伪装成”，符合语境，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，女性在某些职业领域发展滞后的借口是，男女自然会选择不同的职业道路。A. mystery奥秘；B. knowledge知识；C. excuse借口；D. outcome结果。根据后文“Yet those outcomes may simply be the result of formal or informal barriers against female success”可知，这种“自然选择”的说法并非事实，而是为女性发展受限找的借口，“excuse”符合语义，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多医学院或许也持有这种偏见，并不招收女性申请者。A. admit招收、录取；B. dump丢弃；C. inspire激励；D. prohibit禁止。根据前文“when only 4-5% of American doctors were women”以及医学院的偏见，可知当时医学院不招收女性，“admit”可表示学校招收学生，符合语境，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多认为女性发展滞后是因为天赋或选择的观点，对男性而言似乎只是一个便利的谎言，而男性正从这种不公的交易中获益匪浅。A. investment投资；B. negotiation谈判；C. nonsense废话；D. bargain交易、协议。根据后文“Women, who end up doing most of the chores as well as working long hours, get an unfair deal”可知，男性在性别不公的职场和家庭模式中获利，这种模式对男性而言是一笔有利的交易，“bargain”符合语境，故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd. When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949, I was a nine-year-old war refugee, who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know. My mother, Eleni Gatzoyiannis, had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom. I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High. Shortly after I arrived, I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours.” The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears, but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class. She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd, the school newspaper adviser and English teacher. A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones. She drilled us in grammar,assigned stories for us to read and discuss, and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper. Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland, making me proud of my origins. Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language. Owing to her inspiration, during my next twenty-five years, I became a journalist by profession. Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62. By then, she had taught for a total of 41 years. Even after her retirement, she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential. The students were mainly from the most troubled homes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love, until the spark caught fire. Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing. But for Miss Hurd, I wouldn’t have become a reporter. She was the catalyst that sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after. 36. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph Two most probably mean? A. Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author. B. The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs. C. Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author. D. The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were all about. 37. Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently? A. Stepping on the American soil for the first time. B. Her mother’s miserable death. C. Being exposed to Greek literary works. D. Following the prettiest girl in his class. 38. It can be inferred from Paragraph Four that _______. A. Miss Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nation B. Students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching style C. The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired D. Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students 39. The passage is mainly concerned with _______. A. how the author became a journalist B. the importance of inspiration in one’s life C. the teacher who shaped the author’s life D. factors contributing to a successful career 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. D 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了决定作者人生轨迹的一位名叫玛乔丽·赫德的学校教师的教学故事。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Shortly after I arrived, I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours.””(我刚到不久，就被告知要在“俱乐部时间”里选择一项爱好。)和第三句中的“but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class”(但我决定追随我们班最漂亮的女孩)可知，此处是指作者不了解业余爱好和俱乐部是什么。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland, making me proud of my origins.”(她向我介绍了希腊的文学财富，让我对饱受战争摧残的祖国有了新的认识，让我为自己的出身感到自豪。)可知，接触希腊文学作品使作者对自己的祖国有了不同的看法。故选C。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The students were mainly from the most troubled homes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love, until the spark caught fire.”(这些学生主要来自最困难的家庭，但她用自己特有的严厉的爱，时而对他们严苛，时而让他们着迷，直到火花燃起。)可知，赫德小姐用一种独特的方法来应对这些学生。故选D。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.”(决定我人生轨迹的人是一位名叫玛乔丽·赫德的学校教师。)和最后一段“Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing. But for Miss Hurd, I wouldn’t have become a reporter. She was the catalyst that sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.”(是赫德小姐把我的悲伤和痛苦引导到写作中去的。如果不是赫德小姐，我不会成为一名记者。她是我进入新闻行业的催化剂，也间接促成了后来所有的好事。)可知，这篇文章主要是关于塑造了作者一生的老师。故选C。 (B) A Return to Their Rural Roots Anna Davis Publisher, 36. Returned to Tamworth, NSW, in 2011, after 12 years away. I was living in Sydney when my dad was diagnosed with cancer. Even though Dad had been given a few months to live, he ended up living for five years. When I knew it was the last 12 months of his life, I packed everything up to spend time with him. Once I moved back here for Dad and settled in, I’d noticed that Tamworth didn’t really get promoted beyond the Tamworth Music Festival, so I started a small marketing business to put together a lifestyle magazine that highlights all the essential parts of this region. The magazine, Downtown, is now in its fourth year and has gone from strength to strength and my team is a bunch of young, energetic females like me — they grew up here, worked in the city, and now they’ve brought their skills back to the country. Greta Donaldson Publicity director, 48. Returned to Bendigo, Victoria, in 2015 after 23 years away. I left Bendigo when I was 17 to go to university, studied in Warmambool and ran my own PR business in Melbourne. When a huge construction started next door to my townhouse, I thought I would go back to Bendigo until I work out what to do. Once I got back here I really enjoyed the lifestyle. It’s what I needed to slow down. I’ve started a second little business here where I make peanut brittle (薄脆糖) and sell it at the local markets. I realized that if I called a business Bendigo Brittle, then I couldn’t just pack up and go back to Melbourne. So this is it: I’m not going back to Melbourne. Pamela Mead Mother, 45. Returned to Newborough, Victoria, in 2012, after 22 years away. I left Newborough in my early 20s. After my boy Ryan was diagnosed as deaf and then as having autism and it felt like we were in a black hole. At that time Ryan has gone from being a nonverbal, screaming, runaway child to moving through each of those stages. Five years ago, I made the decision to come home. Local people know my boys and that makes such a big difference. They look out for Ryan; even the girls in the supermarket ask where he is if I’m shopping without him. His behaviour is pretty normal now and he is no longer defined by his autism. 40. The reason why Greta Donaldson won’t go back to Melbourne is that ________. A. she lives an enjoyable life in Bendigo B. the huge construction is still under way C. she wants to develop her career in Bendigo D. the Bendigo Brittle won’t sell well in Melbourne 41. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Anna kept her father company in the last year of his life. B. Anna found that her hometown had changed a lot. C. Ryan’s condition changed from bad to worse after he was found having autism. D. The local environment brings Ryan a new life. 42. What do these three women have in common? A. They came back for their family. B. They started a new career in their hometown. C. They thought it was worthwhile to come back. D. They left their hometown for about 20 years. 【答案】40. A 41. C 42. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Anna Davis、Greta Donaldson和Pamela Mead三位女性离开家乡多年后，因不同原因重返乡村故土的经历，她们在故乡开启了新的生活，有的创办了自己的事业，有的让家人得到了温暖的陪伴，都在故土收获了属于自己的美好与价值。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Greta Donaldson的表述“Once I got back here I really enjoyed the lifestyle. It’s what I needed to slow down. I’ve started a second little business here where I make peanut brittle and sell it at the local markets. I realized that if I called a business Bendigo Brittle, then I couldn’t just pack up and go back to Melbourne(回到这里后，我真的很喜欢这里的生活方式，这正是我所需要的慢节奏。我在这里开了第二家小生意，做花生薄脆糖并在当地市场售卖。我意识到如果把生意命名为本迪戈薄脆糖，那我就不能随便收拾东西回墨尔本了)”可知，她在本迪戈收获了惬意的生活，还创办了扎根于此的小生意，这份生活和事业让她决定不再返回墨尔本，核心原因是她在本迪戈过着舒心的生活。故选A。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pamela Mead内容“At that time Ryan has gone from being a nonverbal, screaming, runaway child to moving through each of those stages(从那以后，瑞安从一个不会说话、尖叫、到处乱跑的孩子，逐渐走出了那些阶段)”以及“His behaviour is pretty normal now and he is no longer defined by his autism(他现在的行为已经相当正常，不再被自闭症所定义)”可知，瑞安的状况是逐渐好转的，而非变差。C“瑞安在发现患有自闭症后，病情逐渐恶化。”是错误的，故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据Anna Davis创办的杂志“has gone from strength to strength(变得越来越强大)”、Greta Donaldson表示“really enjoyed the lifestyle(真的很享受这种生活方式)”且决定不再返回城市、Pamela Mead的儿子瑞安在故乡的环境中状况大幅好转，行为恢复正常（参考2题解析）可知，三位女性重返故乡后，都收获了属于自己的美好结果，安娜的事业蒸蒸日上，格雷塔享受故乡的慢生活，帕梅拉的儿子得到了良好的陪伴和改善，由此可推断她们都认为重返故乡是值得的。故选C。 (C) The health benefits of having a pet — especially a dog — are well-established. Dog owners have been shown to live longer, healthier lives than people without pups, in part because caring for a dog encourages physical activity. And pets of all types have been shown to lower their owners’ stress levels and improve their mental health. But a new research letter published in JAMA Surgery offers a look at a potential downside of pet ownership. Among older adults, fractures (骨折) linked to dog-walking are surprisingly common and growing more frequent, according to the research. Researchers examined data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, which logs injuries reported by patients visiting a nationally representative group of 100 U.S. hospital emergency rooms. In 2004, almost 1,700 adults aged 65 and older went to the emergency room for fractures related to walking leashed dogs, they found. By 2017, that number had risen to almost 4,500. Fractures can occur as the result of falls or dogs charging while they’re leashed, the authors write — and they have some ideas about why the numbers have shot up since 2004. Dr. Jaimo Ahn, an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, says the reasons behind the rise are likely positive, even if the end result — more injuries — is not. “People intuitively know many of the benefits of animal companionship,” Ahn said. “Not surprisingly, pet ownership has increased over time, including among the elderly, who are living longer and making efforts to live healthier — all good things.” Still, the research suggests that the risks of pet ownership shouldn’t be ignored, especially for older adults. Almost 30% of the injured seniors in the paper were admitted to the hospital, and nearly 20% suffered hip fractures. This type of fracture is “associated with long-term decreases in quality of life and functional capabilities,” the authors write. “As we get older, we should consider both the risks and benefits of the physical activity we desire and make sure we’re safely and thoughtfully up for the challenge,” Ahn says. Dog-walking offers seniors a valuable opportunity to assess — and, if necessary, improve — their own strength, walking ability and overall well-being, he says, as well as their dog’s behavior. “There are so many benefits from pet ownership, but just like everything else, there are negatives to potentially consider,” Ahn says. 43 The numbers in Paragraph 3 are intended to __________. A. introduce the research problem B. support the research findings C. describe the research process D. reveal the research significance 44. According to Ahn, the reasons behind the rise in the number of fractures of the old can probably be ________. A. the tendency to fall when dog owners are walking leashed dogs B. people’s intuitive understanding of a longer and healthier life C. the gradual increase in elderly people owning pets due to benefits D. the higher rate of admitting the injured elderly to the hospital 45. The hip fractures older adults suffer due to dog-walking indicate that ________. A. they are more likely to encounter risks of pet ownership than the young B. their quality of life and functional capabilities may decrease over time C. the risks of pet ownership outweigh the benefits for some older adults D. they need to do more dog-walking to improve their overall well-being 46. The lesson we can learn from the passage is that ________. A. each coin has two sides B. a dog is man’s best friend C. every dark cloud has a silver lining D. god helps those who help themselves 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍养宠物有益健康，但遛狗易致老年人骨折，需权衡利弊保障安全。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Among older adults, fractures linked to dog-walking are surprisingly common and growing more frequent, according to the research. (研究表明，在老年人中，与遛狗相关的骨折现象出奇地普遍，而且愈发频繁)”，再结合第三段“Researchers examined data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, which logs injuries reported by patients visiting a nationally representative group of 100 U.S. hospital emergency rooms. In 2004, almost 1,700 adults aged 65 and older went to the emergency room for fractures related to walking leashed dogs, they found. By 2017, that number had risen to almost 4,500.(研究人员分析了美国国家电子伤害监测系统的数据，该系统会记录在全美具有代表性的 100 家医院急诊室就诊患者所上报的受伤情况。研究人员发现，2004 年，近 1700 名 65 岁及以上的老年人因遛拴绳狗而骨折并前往急诊室就医；到 2017 年，这一数字已攀升至近 4500 人)”可知，第三段提到的这些数字是为支撑研究发现。故选B项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Not surprisingly, pet ownership has increased over time, including among the elderly, who are living longer and making efforts to live healthier—all good things. (不足为奇的是，养宠物的人数一直在增加，包括老年人在内。他们的寿命更长，并努力追求更健康的生活方式——这些都是好事)”可知，安认为老年人骨折数量上升的原因可能是受益于养宠的好处，老年养宠人数逐渐增多。故选C项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Almost 30% of the injured seniors in the paper were admitted to the hospital, and nearly 20% suffered hip fractures. This type of fracture is “associated with long-term decreases in quality of life and functional capabilities,” the authors write. (研究报告显示，近 30% 的受伤老年患者被收治入院，且有近 20% 的患者发生了髋部骨折。报告作者指出，此类骨折 “与生活质量及身体机能的长期下降有关”。)”可知，老年人因遛狗导致的髋部骨折意味着他们的生活质量和身体机能可能会随着时间下降。故选B项。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文以及最后一段““There are so many benefits from pet ownership, but just like everything else, there are negatives to potentially consider,” Ahn says.(安表示：“养宠物能带来诸多益处，但就像世间所有事物一样，我们也需要考虑到它可能存在的弊端”)可知，文章开篇指出养宠物（尤其是狗）对健康的诸多益处，随后通过研究说明遛狗会给老年人带来骨折风险，最后强调要权衡养宠的利弊。这正体现了“事物都有两面性”的道理。故选A项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Children may not be saving coins in piggy banks for much longer with the move towards a cashless society. To reflect this trend, mobile budgeting apps for children have sprung up worldwide: GoHenry, Osper and Gimi, to name a few. These apps offer a simple money management service for children, often for a monthly subscription fee paid by the parents. Parents can add money to children’s accounts, set limits and monitor transactions. ____47____ The companies behind the apps argue that in an increasingly cashless society, they can be a valuable way of teaching young children about money. Two thirds of adults globally are financially illiterate, according to Standard Poor’s Global Financial Literacy Survey. ____48____ For instance, the Swedish app Gimi — with 1.2 million users globally — has virtual savings jars where children can deposit money; parents can pay children interest as they save; and there is a chores feature, where parents can pay children for completing household tasks. The account is attached to a prepaid card that is currently available in Sweden only. “Cash was the best way to teach financial literacy because it’s so tangible” says Philip Haglund, CEO of Gimi. “____49____” Haglund believes the app can teach responsible spending habits, whereas schools tend to focus more on economic theory. “You don’t become better at money management just because you have a degree in economics. It’s more about the attitude and the relationship you have with parents’ money when you’re 6 to 12 years old,” he says. One concern is that introducing digital money apps to young children could help to encourage irresponsible spending habits. ____50____ “Plus, it is important for kids to learn and make mistakes. If you’re going to make a mistake of 10 pounds at eight, it’s better than making a mistake of 1,000 pounds when you’re 28,” Guichard says. A. These apps aim to overcome this, claiming to teach financial concepts. B. However, parents’ monitor works and none of the services offer an overdraft. C. Children are unable to make even simple decisions on everyday spending. D. Children can choose to save their money or spend it using a prepaid card. E. While digital tools help, there needs to be a more structured financial approach. F. Now money is being transferred through abstract cyberspace. 【答案】47. D 48. A 49. F 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以无现金社会的发展为背景，介绍了全球涌现的儿童移动理财应用的功能与服务，阐述了这类应用在培养儿童理财能力方面的作用和特点，同时也提及了人们对其可能引发儿童非理性消费的担忧及相关观点。 【47题详解】 上文“Parents can add money to children’s accounts, set limits and monitor transactions. (父母可以给孩子的账户充值、设置消费限额并监控交易记录。)”介绍了父母使用儿童理财应用的操作功能，围绕儿童理财应用的使用场景展开。D项“孩子们可以选择把钱存起来，或是使用预付卡消费”承接上文父母的操作，对应介绍孩子端的使用方式，让理财应用的使用功能介绍更完整。故选D。 【48题详解】 上文“Two thirds of adults globally are financially illiterate, according to Standard Poor’s Global Financial Literacy Survey. (据标准普尔全球金融素养调查显示，全球三分之二的成年人缺乏金融知识。)” 指出了成年人金融知识匮乏的现状，下文“For instance, the Swedish app Gimi — with 1.2 million users globally — has virtual savings jars where children can deposit money; parents can pay children interest as they save; and there is a chores feature, where parents can pay children for completing household tasks. (例如，瑞典的应用程序Gimi在全球拥有 120 万用户。该应用设有虚拟储蓄罐，孩子们可以将钱存入其中；父母可以为孩子的储蓄支付利息；还设有家务任务功能，父母可以因孩子完成家务而支付报酬。)”以瑞典应用Gimi为例，介绍了理财应用具备的虚拟存钱罐、支付利息、家务赚钱等培养儿童理财能力的功能。A项 “这些应用旨在解决这一问题，声称可以传授金融知识” 承上启下，承接上文成年人金融知识匮乏的现状，点明儿童理财应用的研发目的，同时自然引出下文应用的具体理财教学功能，逻辑连贯。故选A。 【49题详解】 上文“Cash was the best way to teach financial literacy because it’s so tangible, says Philip Haglund, CEO of Gimi. (Gimi首席执行官菲利普·哈格隆德表示，现金是教授金融知识的最佳方式，因为它非常直观。)”提及现金理财的优势是直观，这句话是对现金理财与数字理财的对比表述。F项 “而现在，资金正通过抽象的网络空间进行转移”承接上文，以转折的方式承接上文的现金直观性，指出当下数字资金的抽象特点，呼应无现金社会的背景，同时为下文阐述理财应用能培养理性消费习惯做铺垫，符合语境。故选F。 【50题详解】 上文“One concern is that introducing digital money apps to young children could help to encourage irresponsible spending habits. (有人担心，向儿童推出数字理财应用可能会助长其非理性的消费习惯。)”提出了人们对理财应用的担忧，下文“Plus, it is important for kids to learn and make mistakes, If you’re going to make a mistake of 10 pounds at eight, it’s better than making a mistake of 1,000 pounds when you’re 28, Guichard says. (吉夏尔说，此外，让孩子在学习中犯错也很重要，如果8岁时犯10英镑的错，总比28岁时犯1000英镑的错要好。)”是对理财应用使用的正面观点阐述。B项“然而，父母的监控机制会发挥作用，而且这些服务都不提供透支功能”承上启下，通过“然而”转折，回应上文的担忧，指出理财应用存在的风险防控措施，打消非理性消费的顾虑，同时引出下文关于孩子可以在使用中试错的观点，逻辑通顺。故选B。 第二卷 Ⅳ. Grammar (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Lost Continent of Icelandia Present-day Iceland could mark the tip of an ancient lost continent, according to a new theory by an international group of scientists. Iceland is an island in the northern Atlantic Ocean that measures roughly 300 miles ___51___ 200 miles and is famous for its volcanoes and hot springs. It sits on the mid-Atlantic rift (裂缝), a long crack ___52___(lie) mostly beneath the ocean. Along the rift, plates that form the Earth’s rocky crust (地壳) are pulling apart. At the same time, underwater volcanoes create new rock to fill the gap. Over the past 200 million years, these separating plates have created a low-lying area between Europe and North American ___53___ is now filled by the ocean — but why does Iceland stick up in the middle? Most experts think that the island formed in the past 60 million years ___54___ layers of rock built up over a “hot spot” of volcanic eruptions. However, some say the crust beneath Iceland is far too thick ___55___(form) in this way — it’s more like the crust beneath continents that builds up over billions of years. When a team led by Professor Gillian Foulger, from Durham University, England, looked at maps of the sea floor, they noticed ___56___ Iceland sits on a broad, raised ridge (山脊) that extends to its east and west. “If the sea level dropped 600 meters, then we would see a lot more land above the surface of the ocean,” explained Foulger. She and her colleagues think that this ridge ___57___ mark the remains of a large landmass, nicknamed Icelandia, that was six times the size present-day Iceland and once ___58___(connect) Europe with North America. Around 10 million years ago, they suggest, the eastern and western sides sank below the waves, leaving the island ___59___(cut) off. The new idea, however, _____60_____(not support) by everyone. Doubters point to signs that the crust on the ridge was created by the same volcanic eruptions as the rest of the Atlantic sea bed. 【答案】51. by 52. lying 53 that##which 54. because 55. to form 56. that 57. may 58. connected 59. cut 60. isn’t supported 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新科学理论：如今冰岛或许是远古失落大陆“冰岛亚”的残余部分，该理论解释了冰岛地壳厚度异常的现象，但也存在不少质疑者。 【51题详解】 考查介词。句意：冰岛是北大西洋上的一座岛屿，面积约为300英里乘200英里，以火山和温泉闻名。表示“长、宽、高”的尺寸时，常用by连接两个数值。故填by。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它位于中大西洋裂谷，这是一条大部分位于海底的狭长裂缝。lie与逻辑主语a long crack是主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填lying。 【53题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在过去的2亿年里，这些分离的板块在欧洲和北美之间形成了一片低洼区域，如今这片区域已被海洋淹没。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是a low-lying area，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 【54题详解】 考查连词。句意：大多数专家认为这座岛屿形成于过去6000万年，因为火山喷发热点上方的岩层不断堆积。此处引导原因状语从句，应用because“因为”。故填because。 【55题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，一些人表示，冰岛下方的地壳太厚，不可能以这种方式形成。固定结构too + adj. + to do表示“太……而不能……”。故填to form。 【56题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：当英国杜伦大学的吉莉安·福尔杰教授带领团队查看海底地图时，他们注意到冰岛坐落在一个向东、向西延伸的宽阔隆起山脊之上。此处引导宾语从句，从句成分齐全、句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 【57题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：她和她的同事们认为，这条山脉可能标志着一块巨大陆地的遗迹，这块陆地曾被戏称为“冰岛尼亚”，其面积是现今冰岛的六倍，并且曾经将欧洲与北美连接在了一起。此处表示推测，有可能，但不确定，应用情态动词may。故填may。 【58题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她和她的同事们认为，这条山脉可能标志着一块巨大陆地的遗迹，这块陆地曾被戏称为“冰岛尼亚”，其面积是现今冰岛的六倍，并且曾经将欧洲与北美连接在了一起。根据时间状语once可知，句子陈述过去事实，应用一般过去时。故填connected。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们认为，大约1000万年前，这块陆地的东西两侧沉入海底，使这座岛屿被隔绝开来。cut off与宾语the island是被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填cut。 【60题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：然而，这一新观点并未得到所有人的支持。主语The new idea与support是被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数，否定形式为isn’t supported。故填isn’t supported。 Ⅴ. Summary (10’) 61. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Catania Turns the Tables on Blue Crabs In a suburb of Catania on Sicily’s east coast, smoke rises from street stalls grilling horse meat, while youngsters gather around counters selling seltz limone e sale — a soda drink with lemon and sea salt. Amid this lively scene, a family of ex-fishers, the Salamones, have opened La Fish, a seafood restaurant that dares to challenge local diet traditions. Alongside Sicily’s classics like swordfish (剑鱼) and tuna, tonight’s tasting menu features a surprising newcomer to the island’s tables — the Atlantic blue crab. These blue-clawed, olive-shelled crabs, originally from the western Atlantic Ocean, have become an ecological threat in the Mediterranean. Without natural enemies, they feed on young clams, destroying shellfish harvests and destroying Italy’s reputation as one of the world’s top clam producers. Their rapid spread has been linked to rising sea temperatures, which have made Sicilian waters increasingly welcoming to non-native species. What began as an environmental concern is gradually turning into a test of human adaptability. People in Sicily are responding in creative ways. One form of response comes from chef Mario Contadino, who celebrates the crab’s sweet and delicate flavor. He serves it on sticky sushi rice with onions, bell peppers, garlic, tomatoes, celery, and edible (可食用的) flowers to appeal to hesitant locals. “Catania people can be closed-minded, “he admits, “but that first bite does not lie. “Another response comes from scientists. Marine biologist Francesco Tiralongo of the University of Catania argues that embracing such non-native species in local diets is”a necessary response to climate change and ecological challenges. “ Social acceptance is following slowly but steadily. In the fish market behind Piazza del Duomo, shopkeeper Rosario now sells 20 kilograms of blue crab a day, saying customers love its taste. Meanwhile, the Salamone family turns the outsider into opportunity: by presenting blue crab as a fancy food, they show that”anything can be edible. “ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 In Sicily, the invasive Atlantic blue crab threatens local shellfish but has inspired creative responses. Chefs like Mario Contadino promote its culinary value, while scientists advocate its consumption as an adaptation to climate change. Gradually, locals are accepting it as a food source, transforming an ecological threat into a culinary opportunity. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍西西里卡塔尼亚人如何把入侵物种大西洋蓝蟹“化害为宝”——从生态威胁变为餐桌新宠，体现了人类对气候变化与物种入侵的灵活应对。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Invasive Atlantic blue crab, linked to rising sea temperatures, devours young clams and damages Italy’s shellfish reputation. ②Chef Mario Contadino promotes its sweet meat with creative dishes; biologist Francesco Tiralongo argues eating it is a necessary climate-adaptation strategy. ③Fish vendor Rosario now sells 20 kg daily; the Salamone family present it as fancy food, winning slow but steady social acceptance. 2. 缜密构思 将①压缩为“入侵原因+危害”；将②整合为“厨师+科学家”双轨对策；将③概括为“市场接受+身份转变”，形成“问题—对策—结果”三段式。 3. 遣词造句 The warming-mediated Atlantic blue crab invades Sicilian waters, wrecking clam beds. Catania counters by culinary rebranding: chefs craft enticing recipes and scientists endorse consumption as climate adaptation. Gradual public acceptance now converts the pest into a profitable delicacy. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Chefs like Mario Contadino promote its culinary value, while scientists advocate its consumption as an adaptation to climate change.（运用了while连接两个句子，强调前后两者的对比） [高分句型2] Gradually, locals are accepting it as a food source, transforming an ecological threat into a culinary opportunity.（运用了现在分词transforming作状语） *Ⅵ. Translation (3’+3+4’+5’=15’) 62. 当流言蜚语可能破坏好友的声誉时，你们应该始终为彼此撑腰。（stick）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】When rumors may damage a good friend’s reputation, you should always stick up for each other. 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词和从句。“当……时”用When引导时间状语从句；“流言蜚语”表达为rumors；“可能破坏”即may damage；“好友的声誉”是a good friend’s reputation。“应该”为should ，“始终”是always ，“为彼此撑腰”用stick up for each other ，stick up for是固定短语，意为“支持、维护” 。句子描述一般性情况，主从句都用一般现在时。故译为When rumors may damage a good friend’s reputation, you should always stick up for each other.。 63. 有些人从不在社交媒体个人主页上发布或分享任何内容，因为他们担心自己的网络形象会受到损害。(concern)（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】Some people never post or share anything on their social media profiles because they are concerned that their online image may be damaged. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。“有些人”对应英文some people；“从不”翻译为never；“在社交媒体个人主页上”表达为on their social media profiles，“发布”是post，“分享”为share；“因为”为because，引导原因状语从句；“担心”常见表达为be concerned that... that引导宾语从句，这里they are concerned用一般现在时，因为描述的是一般性情况。“网络形象”表达为online image，“受到损害”用be damaged，“会”用may表可能性 故翻译为Some people never post or share anything on their social media profiles because they are concerned that their online image may be damaged. 64. 教授似乎对你的论文印象深刻，你暑假期间肯定对可再生能源做了深入的研究。（intense）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】The professor seems to be impressed by your paper, so you must have done intense research on renewable energy during the summer vacation. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和提示词用法。本句描述对过去行为的推测，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。“似乎对……印象深刻”用固定表达seem to be impressed by，“你的论文”对应your paper；“肯定做了”用must have done结构表对过去的肯定推测；“深入的研究”需使用提示词intense，译为intense research，“对可再生能源”用on renewable energy体现研究对象，“暑假期间”对应during the summer vacation。结合以上要点，翻译为：The professor seems to be impressed by your paper, so you must have done intense research on renewable energy during the summer vacation. 65. 正是她漫长职业生涯中一贯的诚实与对音乐创作的投入，为她赢得了全世界的乐迷、评论家和同行音乐家的极大尊重。（It）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】It was her consistent honesty and dedication to music creation throughout her long career that won her great respect from fans, critics and fellow musicians around the world. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句以及时态。本句为强调句：it be+强调部分+that...。“一贯的”是consistent，“对……的投入”用dedication to...；“她漫长职业生涯中一贯的诚实与对音乐创作的投入”表达为her consistent honesty and dedication to music creation throughout her long career；“赢得某人极大尊重”是win sb. great respect，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时won。“全世界的乐迷、评论家和同行音乐家”表达为“fans, critics and fellow musicians around the world。故译为It was her consistent honesty and dedication to music creation throughout her long career that won her great respect from fans, critics and fellow musicians around the world. Ⅶ. Guided Writing (25’) 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 在当下数字经济时代，网红（influencer）通过视频植入广告（product placement）获取收益已成为普遍现象，有人认为这是网红变现的合理方式，也有人认为这会影响内容质量。请你写一篇文章谈谈你的看法，内容包括： 1. 你的态度； 2. 你的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In the era of the digital economy, product placement by influencers has become a prevalent phenomenon. I believe it is a reasonable way for them to monetize, yet certain precautions are necessary. First of all, influencers invest time and energy in producing engaging content. Product placement offers them a means to earn money, which encourages them to keep creating. For instance, a food blogger can use the income from ad placements to upgrade their equipment and ingredients, thus presenting better-quality food-related content. However, we can’t ignore the potential negative impact on content quality. Some influencers might flood their videos with too many ads, making the content less appealing. To solve this, influencers need to exercise self-restraint. They should ensure that product placements blend naturally with their content. Meanwhile, platforms should establish strict rules to regulate such behavior. In this way, influencers can monetize while maintaining content quality. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇开放性作文。在当下数字经济时代，网红（influencer）通过视频植入广告（product placement）获取收益已成为普遍现象，有人认为这是网红变现的合理方式，也有人认为这会影响内容质量。请考生写一篇文章谈谈你的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 普遍的：prevalent→common 变现：monetize→convert into money 预防措施：precaution→preventive measure 解决：solve→work out 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：In this way, influencers can monetize while maintaining content quality. 拓展句：Only in this way, can influencers monetize while maintaining content quality. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Product placement offers them a means to earn money, which encourages them to keep creating.（运用which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型 2】Some influencers might flood their videos with too many ads, making the content less appealing.（运用现在分词作结果状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第一学期 高二英语期末考试卷 （满分150分，120分钟完成。答案一律写在答题纸上。） 命题：陈欣怡 审核：王玮 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension (25’) Section A (10’) Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Go to sleep. B. Eat something. C. Buy some more cups. D. Drink less coffee. 2. A. The gardener. B. The lawyer. C. The librarian. D. The waiter. 3. A. Alex will perform better. B. Alex isn’t a good basketballer. C. Ryan looks as confident as ever. D. Ryan doesn’t think they will win. 4. A. The long run has been canceled. B. Luis should skip the long run today. C. Luis shouldn’t worry about his knee issues. D. The weather isn’t good for outdoor activities tonight. 5. A. Keep the door closed. B. Go to a less noisy place. C. Talk about the project with the man. D. Share some privacy with Mrs. Smith. 6. A. He is taking a picture. B. He has poor eyesight. C. He needs his sunglasses. D. He forgets where his glasses are. 7. A. The woman should check the parts. B. Delivery of the parts has been delayed. C. He doesn’t know if the parts have arrived. D. He will call the supplier to reorder the parts. 8. A. He prefers not to be interrupted. B. He has already explained this point. C. He doesn’t understand the woman’s question. D. He doesn’t think the last chapter is confusing. 9. A. Bury her anger in her mind. B. Ask Carl about the situation. C. Forget her anger and move on. D. Discuss her anger with someone else. 10. A. How to manage time well. B. How to improve study habits. C. How to set a morning routine. D. How to get up on time for class. Section B (1.5’*10=15’) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To build habitat for wild animals. B. To save and care for wounded animals. C. To conduct scientific research on wildlife. D. To provide guided tours in national parks. 12. A. It is a group of rangers from various countries. B. It consists of female members from a local tribe. C. It works on international wildlife conservation projects. D. It is a team of female rangers who are experts in lion protection. 13. A. The role of rangers and the challenges they face. B. The history and significance of World Ranger Day. C. The personal story of a ranger named Purity Amleset. D. The detailed daily activities of a typical wildlife ranger. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. A benefit of calorie estimation. B. The complexity of calorie counting. C. An innovative way of calorie counting. D. The trouble with monitoring calorie intake. 15. A. It helps to improve users’ cooking skills. B. It helps explain recipes on German cooking websites. C. It automatically enters nutritional information of food into apps. D. It predicts food’s macronutrient content by analyzing meal images. 16. A. People do not follow recipes while cooking. B Human beings are not good at making estimates. C. It falls down when meeting with images never seen before. D. High-calorie and low-calorie foods are difficult to tell apart. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. A science festival. B. New science classes. C. A photography contest. D. Photography equipment. 18. A. It takes place every year. B. It accepts science-related photos. C. It offers prizes in cash to the winners. D. It is mainly for researchers and students. 19. A. £1,000. B. £750. C. £500. D. £250. 20. A. Enter for the competition. B. Visit a science exhibition. C. Set up a website of their own. D. Buy some new photography equipment. Ⅲ. Vocabulary (1’*20=10’) *Section A (10’) 1. The fire inspector determined that the building’s ________ structural integrity posed an unacceptable safety risk to all occupants and nearby residents. A. concerned B. compromised C. constituted D. civilized 2. Following the major data privacy breach last week, many concerned users quickly replaced their real photographs with anonymous avatars as ________ pictures on social media. A. label B. boycott C. profile D. status 3. The experienced traditional Chinese medicine practitioner carefully assessed the patient’s overall ________ before prescribing any personalized herbal remedies. A. perception B. humiliation C. segregation D. constitution 4. The dedicated marine scientists decided to carefully ________ each rare sea turtle with advanced GPS tracking devices. A. prohibit B. perceive C. tag D. oppose 5. I ________ that she’s secretly thrilled about that unexpected promotion despite complaints about the additional responsibilities. A. decline B. rule C. bet D. concern 6. The competitive athlete has ________ across the challenging channel multiple times this year to prepare intensively for the upcoming international championship race. A. rowed B. sowed C. bowed D. mowed 7. His conservative parents ________ his decision to drop out of prestigious law school to pursue a risky acting career full-time. Which of the following is NOT CORRECT? A. oppose to B. are opposed to C. oppose D. are in opposition to 8. Professional wine tasters can accurately discriminate ________ subtle flavor differences in various premium wine regions. A. against B. in favor of C. from D. between 9. The rival marketing managers eventually ________ each other after realizing their constant conflicts were negatively affecting the entire team’s productivity and morale. A. made up with B. caught up with C. made up for D. caught up on 10. My introverted brother surprisingly ________ with his blind date within minutes and they ended up talking for three hours at the cozy café. A. hit it off B. took a stand C. backed down D. lost a bet Section B (10’) Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. ran B. coverage C. engagement D. heights E. intensifies F. moment G. stood H. straight I. sustained J. transition K. updated Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 The Cambridge Dictionary Word of the Year 2025 is “parasocial”, which means involving or relating to a connection that someone feels between themselves and a famous person they do not know, a character in a book, film, TV series, etc., or an artificial intelligence. As social media ____11____ the intimacy that fans feel with their adored celebrities, and with the rise in popularity of AI companions that can take on personalities, the word for these one-way relationships — parasocial — is having its own ____12____. A ____13____ trend in increased searches for parasocial had already begun, driven in part by debate on social platforms about the ethics of marketers and influencers who take advantage of parasocial relationships. But in June, lookups also surged due to media ____14____ about Meta and OpenAI and the potential effect of their chatbots on children and mental health. By September of 2025, the Cambridge Dictionary definition of parasocial was ____15____ to include the possibility of a relationship with an artificial intelligence. In August, global coverage of the way in which Taylor Swift announced her ____16____ to Travis Kelce caused lookups of parasocial to surge as the media dissected fans’ reactions. Posts by fans say “I’m not being parasocial about it” and talk about “a Swiftie being parasocial for ten minutes ____17____”. Parasocial ____18____ out in 2025 for several reasons. Public interest in the term increased massively this year, as we can see from our data: the number of searches for it in the Cambridge Dictionary as well as on Google spiked on several occasions. It’s interesting from a language point of view because it has made the ____19____ from an academic term to one used by ordinary people in their social media posts. And it also captures the zeitgeist of 2025, as the public’s fascination with celebrities and their lifestyles continues to reach new _____20_____. Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (15’+30’=45’) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A Woman’s Work Women have made great strides in the employment market over the past 50 years. But many still feel that their progress is ____21____ and to coincide with International Women’s Day, two new books by feminist writers address the issues. In The Fix, Michelle King, director of inclusion at Netflix, observes that women are constantly told they need to change themselves. ____22____, she argues, working practices should change to accommodate the needs of half the adult population. In The Home Stretch, Sally Howard, a journalist, suggests that a big reason why women are ____23____ is that even those who work full-time are still expected to do the bulk (大量) of the housework. She makes a strong case “why it’s time to come ____24____ about who does the dishes”. Are women in the workplace judged by the same ____25____ as their male colleagues? Are they ____26____ with adjectives (aggressive or emotional, for example) that would not be applied to men with the same characteristics? Despite recent ____27____, women still face a glass ceiling. A couple of stories in Ms. King’s book illustrate the point. Sarah was an executive at a multinational who worked late, underwent management training and ____28____ received and acted on feedback. After many years of ____29____, it seemed she was due for promotion to the next tier, which was 100% male. But at the key meeting a male executive said: “I don’t know; she just doesn’t fit. She has those glasses and she wears that clip in her hair.” What he did was not exactly “____30____ management”. In the other tale Ms. King, on her first day in a new job, walked into a kitchen full of men. Her boss said “Hey, Michelle, there are dishes in the sink and you are a woman, so wash them.” When she ____31____, she was told to learn to take a joke. Bullying ____32____ as humor is still bullying. Sometimes the ____33____ for the lack of female progress in certain professions is that women and men naturally choose to pursue different career paths. Yet those outcomes may simply be the result of formal or informal barriers against female success. At the end of the 19th century, when only 4-5% of American doctors were women, some men no doubt put this down to a lack of gift. Many medical schools, perhaps sharing that preconception, did not ____34____ female candidates. Many of the arguments that women’s lack of progress is down to aptitude or choice look like a convenient fiction for men, who do rather well out of the ____35____. Women, who end up doing most of the chores as well as working long hours, get an unfair deal. It is not them who need to change — it is the attitudes of men. 21. A. boosted B. blocked C. reported D. made 22. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Thus 23. A. held back B. ran after C. entitled to D. applied to 24 A. close B. clean C. second D. right 25. A. standards B. power C. qualities D. merits 26. A. proved B. witnessed C. described D. revised 27. A. pressure B. progress C. prejudice D. presence 28. A. hesitantly B. vaguely C. enthusiastically D. honorably 29. A. rejection B. dominance C. encouragement D. complaint 30. A. emotional B. scientific C. subjective D. habitual 31. A. approved B. astonished C. protested D. reflected 32. A. masked B. controlled C. dismissed D. targeted 33. A. mystery B. knowledge C. excuse D. outcome 34. A. admit B. dump C. inspire D. prohibit 35. A. investment B. negotiation C. nonsense D. bargain Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd. When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949, I was a nine-year-old war refugee, who had lost his mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know. My mother, Eleni Gatzoyiannis, had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom. I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High. Shortly after I arrived I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club hours.” The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears, but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class. She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd, the school newspaper adviser and English teacher. A tough woman with salt-and-pepper hair and determined eyes, Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones. She drilled us in grammar,assigned stories for us to read and discuss, and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper. Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war-torn homeland, making me proud of my origins. Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language. Owing to her inspiration, during my next twenty-five years, I became a journalist by profession. Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62. By then, she had taught for a total of 41 years. Even after her retirement, she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential. The students were mainly from the most troubled homes, yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love, until the spark caught fire. Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing. But for Miss Hurd, I wouldn’t have become a reporter. She was the catalyst that sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after. 36. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph Two most probably mean? A. Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author. B. The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs. C. Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author. D. The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were all about. 37. Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently? A. Stepping on the American soil for the first time. B. Her mother’s miserable death. C. Being exposed to Greek literary works. D. Following the prettiest girl in his class. 38. It can be inferred from Paragraph Four that _______. A. Miss Hurd’s contribution was recognized across the nation B. Students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd’s teaching style C. The students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired D. Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students 39 The passage is mainly concerned with _______. A. how the author became a journalist B. the importance of inspiration in one’s life C. the teacher who shaped the author’s life D. factors contributing to a successful career (B) A Return to Their Rural Roots Anna Davis Publisher, 36. Returned to Tamworth, NSW, in 2011, after 12 years away. I was living in Sydney when my dad was diagnosed with cancer. Even though Dad had been given a few months to live, he ended up living for five years. When I knew it was the last 12 months of his life, I packed everything up to spend time with him. Once I moved back here for Dad and settled in, I’d noticed that Tamworth didn’t really get promoted beyond the Tamworth Music Festival, so I started a small marketing business to put together a lifestyle magazine that highlights all the essential parts of this region. The magazine, Downtown, is now in its fourth year and has gone from strength to strength and my team is a bunch of young, energetic females like me — they grew up here, worked in the city, and now they’ve brought their skills back to the country. Greta Donaldson Publicity director, 48. Returned to Bendigo, Victoria, in 2015 after 23 years away. I left Bendigo when I was 17 to go to university, studied in Warmambool and ran my own PR business in Melbourne. When a huge construction started next door to my townhouse, I thought I would go back to Bendigo until I work out what to do. Once I got back here I really enjoyed the lifestyle. It’s what I needed to slow down. I’ve started a second little business here where I make peanut brittle (薄脆糖) and sell it at the local markets. I realized that if I called a business Bendigo Brittle, then I couldn’t just pack up and go back to Melbourne. So this is it: I’m not going back to Melbourne. Pamela Mead Mother, 45. Returned to Newborough, Victoria, in 2012, after 22 years away. I left Newborough in my early 20s. After my boy Ryan was diagnosed as deaf and then as having autism and it felt like we were in a black hole. At that time Ryan has gone from being a nonverbal, screaming, runaway child to moving through each of those stages. Five years ago, I made the decision to come home. Local people know my boys and that makes such a big difference. They look out for Ryan; even the girls in the supermarket ask where he is if I’m shopping without him. His behaviour is pretty normal now and he is no longer defined by his autism. 40. The reason why Greta Donaldson won’t go back to Melbourne is that ________. A. she lives an enjoyable life in Bendigo B. the huge construction is still under way C. she wants to develop her career in Bendigo D. the Bendigo Brittle won’t sell well in Melbourne 41. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A. Anna kept her father company in the last year of his life. B. Anna found that her hometown had changed a lot. C. Ryan’s condition changed from bad to worse after he was found having autism. D. The local environment brings Ryan a new life. 42. What do these three women have in common? A. They came back for their family. B. They started a new career in their hometown. C. They thought it was worthwhile to come back. D. They left their hometown for about 20 years. (C) The health benefits of having a pet — especially a dog — are well-established. Dog owners have been shown to live longer, healthier lives than people without pups, in part because caring for a dog encourages physical activity. And pets of all types have been shown to lower their owners’ stress levels and improve their mental health. But a new research letter published in JAMA Surgery offers a look at a potential downside of pet ownership. Among older adults, fractures (骨折) linked to dog-walking are surprisingly common and growing more frequent, according to the research. Researchers examined data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, which logs injuries reported by patients visiting a nationally representative group of 100 U.S. hospital emergency rooms. In 2004, almost 1,700 adults aged 65 and older went to the emergency room for fractures related to walking leashed dogs, they found. By 2017, that number had risen to almost 4,500. Fractures can occur as the result of falls or dogs charging while they’re leashed, the authors write — and they have some ideas about why the numbers have shot up since 2004. Dr. Jaimo Ahn, an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, says the reasons behind the rise are likely positive, even if the end result — more injuries — is not. “People intuitively know many of the benefits of animal companionship,” Ahn said. “Not surprisingly, pet ownership has increased over time, including among the elderly, who are living longer and making efforts to live healthier — all good things.” Still, the research suggests that the risks of pet ownership shouldn’t be ignored, especially for older adults. Almost 30% of the injured seniors in the paper were admitted to the hospital, and nearly 20% suffered hip fractures. This type of fracture is “associated with long-term decreases in quality of life and functional capabilities,” the authors write. “As we get older, we should consider both the risks and benefits of the physical activity we desire and make sure we’re safely and thoughtfully up for the challenge,” Ahn says. Dog-walking offers seniors a valuable opportunity to assess — and, if necessary, improve — their own strength, walking ability and overall well-being, he says, as well as their dog’s behavior. “There are so many benefits from pet ownership, but just like everything else, there are negatives to potentially consider,” Ahn says. 43. The numbers in Paragraph 3 are intended to __________. A. introduce the research problem B. support the research findings C. describe the research process D. reveal the research significance 44. According to Ahn, the reasons behind the rise in the number of fractures of the old can probably be ________. A. the tendency to fall when dog owners are walking leashed dogs B. people’s intuitive understanding of a longer and healthier life C. the gradual increase in elderly people owning pets due to benefits D. the higher rate of admitting the injured elderly to the hospital 45. The hip fractures older adults suffer due to dog-walking indicate that ________. A. they are more likely to encounter risks of pet ownership than the young B. their quality of life and functional capabilities may decrease over time C. the risks of pet ownership outweigh the benefits for some older adults D. they need to do more dog-walking to improve their overall well-being 46. The lesson we can learn from the passage is that ________. A. each coin has two sides B. a dog is man’s best friend C. every dark cloud has a silver lining D. god helps those who help themselves Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Children may not be saving coins in piggy banks for much longer with the move towards a cashless society. To reflect this trend, mobile budgeting apps for children have sprung up worldwide: GoHenry, Osper and Gimi, to name a few. These apps offer a simple money management service for children, often for a monthly subscription fee paid by the parents. Parents can add money to children’s accounts, set limits and monitor transactions. ____47____ The companies behind the apps argue that in an increasingly cashless society, they can be a valuable way of teaching young children about money. Two thirds of adults globally are financially illiterate, according to Standard Poor’s Global Financial Literacy Survey. ____48____ For instance, the Swedish app Gimi — with 1.2 million users globally — has virtual savings jars where children can deposit money; parents can pay children interest as they save; and there is a chores feature, where parents can pay children for completing household tasks. The account is attached to a prepaid card that is currently available in Sweden only. “Cash was the best way to teach financial literacy because it’s so tangible,” says Philip Haglund, CEO of Gimi. “____49____” Haglund believes the app can teach responsible spending habits, whereas schools tend to focus more on economic theory. “You don’t become better at money management just because you have a degree in economics. It’s more about the attitude and the relationship you have with parents’ money when you’re 6 to 12 years old,” he says. One concern is that introducing digital money apps to young children could help to encourage irresponsible spending habits. ____50____ “Plus, it is important for kids to learn and make mistakes. If you’re going to make a mistake of 10 pounds at eight, it’s better than making a mistake of 1,000 pounds when you’re 28,” Guichard says. A. These apps aim to overcome this, claiming to teach financial concepts. B. However, parents’ monitor works and none of the services offer an overdraft. C. Children are unable to make even simple decisions on everyday spending. D. Children can choose to save their money or spend it using a prepaid card. E. While digital tools help, there needs to be a more structured financial approach. F. Now money is being transferred through abstract cyberspace. 第二卷 Ⅳ. Grammar (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Lost Continent of Icelandia Present-day Iceland could mark the tip of an ancient lost continent, according to a new theory by an international group of scientists. Iceland is an island in the northern Atlantic Ocean that measures roughly 300 miles ___51___ 200 miles and is famous for its volcanoes and hot springs. It sits on the mid-Atlantic rift (裂缝), a long crack ___52___(lie) mostly beneath the ocean. Along the rift, plates that form the Earth’s rocky crust (地壳) are pulling apart. At the same time, underwater volcanoes create new rock to fill the gap. Over the past 200 million years, these separating plates have created a low-lying area between Europe and North American ___53___ is now filled by the ocean — but why does Iceland stick up in the middle? Most experts think that the island formed in the past 60 million years ___54___ layers of rock built up over a “hot spot” of volcanic eruptions. However, some say the crust beneath Iceland is far too thick ___55___(form) in this way — it’s more like the crust beneath continents that builds up over billions of years. When a team led by Professor Gillian Foulger, from Durham University, England, looked at maps of the sea floor, they noticed ___56___ Iceland sits on a broad, raised ridge (山脊) that extends to its east and west. “If the sea level dropped 600 meters, then we would see a lot more land above the surface of the ocean,” explained Foulger. She and her colleagues think that this ridge ___57___ mark the remains of a large landmass, nicknamed Icelandia, that was six times the size present-day Iceland and once ___58___(connect) Europe with North America. Around 10 million years ago, they suggest, the eastern and western sides sank below the waves, leaving the island ___59___(cut) off. The new idea, however, _____60_____(not support) by everyone. Doubters point to signs that the crust on the ridge was created by the same volcanic eruptions as the rest of the Atlantic sea bed. Ⅴ. Summary (10’) 61. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Catania Turns the Tables on Blue Crabs In a suburb of Catania on Sicily’s east coast, smoke rises from street stalls grilling horse meat, while youngsters gather around counters selling seltz limone e sale — a soda drink with lemon and sea salt. Amid this lively scene, a family of ex-fishers, the Salamones, have opened La Fish, a seafood restaurant that dares to challenge local diet traditions. Alongside Sicily’s classics like swordfish (剑鱼) and tuna, tonight’s tasting menu features a surprising newcomer to the island’s tables — the Atlantic blue crab. These blue-clawed, olive-shelled crabs, originally from the western Atlantic Ocean, have become an ecological threat in the Mediterranean. Without natural enemies, they feed on young clams, destroying shellfish harvests and destroying Italy’s reputation as one of the world’s top clam producers. Their rapid spread has been linked to rising sea temperatures, which have made Sicilian waters increasingly welcoming to non-native species. What began as an environmental concern is gradually turning into a test of human adaptability. People in Sicily are responding in creative ways. One form of response comes from chef Mario Contadino, who celebrates the crab’s sweet and delicate flavor. He serves it on sticky sushi rice with onions, bell peppers, garlic, tomatoes, celery, and edible (可食用的) flowers to appeal to hesitant locals. “Catania people can be closed-minded, “he admits, “but that first bite does not lie. “Another response comes from scientists. Marine biologist Francesco Tiralongo of the University of Catania argues that embracing such non-native species in local diets is”a necessary response to climate change and ecological challenges. “ Social acceptance is following slowly but steadily. In the fish market behind Piazza del Duomo, shopkeeper Rosario now sells 20 kilograms of blue crab a day, saying customers love its taste. Meanwhile, the Salamone family turns the outsider into opportunity: by presenting blue crab as a fancy food, they show that”anything can be edible. “ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Ⅵ. Translation (3’+3+4’+5’=15’) 62. 当流言蜚语可能破坏好友的声誉时，你们应该始终为彼此撑腰。（stick）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 63. 有些人从不在社交媒体个人主页上发布或分享任何内容，因为他们担心自己的网络形象会受到损害。(concern)（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 64. 教授似乎对你的论文印象深刻，你暑假期间肯定对可再生能源做了深入的研究。（intense）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ 65. 正是她漫长职业生涯中一贯的诚实与对音乐创作的投入，为她赢得了全世界的乐迷、评论家和同行音乐家的极大尊重。（It）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________ Ⅶ. Guided Writing (25’) 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 在当下数字经济时代，网红（influencer）通过视频植入广告（product placement）获取收益已成为普遍现象，有人认为这是网红变现的合理方式，也有人认为这会影响内容质量。请你写一篇文章谈谈你的看法，内容包括： 1. 你的态度； 2. 你的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $