上海市嘉定区第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末英语试卷

2025学年第一学期期末考试 高二英语(A) (练习时间：105分钟满分：115分) 命题人：徐韩奕审核人：毕可郭丽婷 I.Grammar and Vocabulary SectionA Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Beijing Hosts the World's First-ever Humanoid (Robot Half Marathon Running is for everyone-and everything,as it now happens.That's(1)China has just staged a half marathon where humans weren't the only participants.In addition to about 12,000 living,breathing runners,this race also welcomed 21 humanoid robots to its start line. This half marathon,which took place in Beijing on Saturday,(2)(believe)to be the first running event of its kind and a landmark moment for the Chinese robotics industry.(3)the humans and robots ran along separate tracks,likely for safety reasons which you'll appreciate better in a moment,it was the first time that these two types of participants (4)(take)part in the same race.And it proved that bipedal(两腿行走的)robots can run a significant distance in real-world conditions. However,the robots'performances on race day were chaotic.One robot fell at the starting line and stayed down for several minutes.(5)ran into a fence after just a few meters.Only six of the 21 competing robots,all of(6)had to be bipedal rather than on wheels,successfully completed the course.The best of the bunch was a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra,(7) (develop)by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center,which won the robot race in 2 hours and 40 minutes.Even better,Tiangong Ultra crossed the finish line(8)the human cut-off time of three hours and 10 minutes.It made it the only robot(9)(qualify)for a human participation award.It was the tallest robot in the field,too,(10)(tower)over many human adults at nearly six feet (about 1.8 meters).By contrast,the shortest robot participant-which wore a blue and white tracksuit and waved at people every few seconds-was just 2.5 feet (about 0.76 meters)tall. Section B Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. 第1页共9页 A.aim B.apparent C.boosting D.campaign E.controversial F.decrease G.discourage H.manual I.misperception J.moving K.urging The Link Between Movement and Health How people exercise changes with each new trend,but the idea that physical activity is key to good health is more than a passing fashion.What won't change is that staying active benefits health in various ways-including lowering the risk for heart attacks,and 11 mental health. Loss of activity in our lives It wasn't always so difficult to keep 12.People did it because they had to. As cars multiplied and electric appliances reduced the amount of 13 labor people had to do,"we got to a point where we weren't so physically active,"said Dr.Bethany Barone Gibbs,a professor at West Virginia University in Morgantown."It then became 14 that maybe people who were more active were healthier." Recommended exercise Studies showed even moderate-intensity activities could make a difference,leading to a 1995 U.S.surgeon general's report 15 people to engage in 30 to 45 minutes of moderate activity each day,and for those who were already doing so,to push themselves harder. In 2007,the American College of Sports Medicine,along with the American Medical Association and the U.S.surgeon general,launched a(n)16,calling for people to engage in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise each week. Current federal guidelines now reflect additional evidence suggesting people 17 for up to 300 minutes per weck of moderate-intensity exercise,or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise. All movement counts Even small amounts of activity throughout the day can make a difference.More evidence suggests it's not just how much people move but how much they sit that matters.The guidelines now 18 long periods of sitting behavior,finding a benefit with even five minutes of movement at least once an hour. “Get off the couch”and move "There is a(n)19 that you need to be a sportsperson to get health benefits from exercise," said Dr.Damon Swift,an exercise physiologist(生理学家)at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville."But really the benefits increase much earlier than that.Once you start getting off the couch,there is a large 20 in risk as you go from being inactive to somewhat active." II.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 第2页共9页 The world's top insect experts say our planet's important insect population is going through a "death by a thousand cuts."A new group of studies suggests Earth is losing around I to 2 percent of its insects each year.The losses are 21 climate change,pollution,agriculture,land use changes and chemicals.David Wagner of the University of Connecticut is the lead writer of the 12 studies, which recently appeared in Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences. The problem is a complex issue and even scientists say they do not fully understand it.The 22 of the issue makes it hard to get the public interested in possible solutions.Wagner said scientists need to find out if the levels of insect 23 are bigger in comparison to other species. May Berenbaum of the University of Illinois,who helped lead the research,24 the insect losses to climate change 30 years ago.She said back then,the methods used to measure the degree and rate of climate change effects were 25.Berenbaum says another issue is that many people simply 26 insects.She added that this is true even though the small creatures do a lot of good. Wagner said two famous insects,honeybees and Monarch butterflies,are good examples of the current27 insects face.Honeybees have been 28 because of disease,chemicals and lack of food.Drier weather in the U.S.West,driven by climate change,means less milkweed for butterflies to 29,Wagner said.And changes in American agriculture 30 weeds and flowers they need for nectar(花蜜). The recent scientific papers do not provide new data,so they show a big but 31 picture of a problem that is starting to get more attention.Scientists have 32 1 million insect species, while up to 4 million more are likely to be discovered,Berenbaum said. Doug Tallamy of the University of Delaware was not part of the studies,but he said the research demonstrates how the world has "spent the last 30 years spending billions of dollars finding new ways to kill insects and 33 pennies(a small amount of money)working to preserve them." In an email to the Associated Press,Tallamy said the good news was that people themselves can do a lot to 34 insect losses."This is a global problem with a grassroots 35 ,"he wrote. 21.A.replaced with B.mistaken for C.prohibited from D.blamed on 22.A.objective B.significance C.complexity D.sensitivity 23.A.loss B.species C.evolution D.distinction 24.A.owed B.compared C.contributed D.recommended 25.A.efficient B.difficult C.purposeful D.convincing 26.A.study B.pity C.respect D.hate 27.A.alternatives B.dimensions C.problems D.habitats 28.A.doubling B.escaping C.intervening D.disappearing 29.A.eat B.anchor C.conserve D.value 30.A.cultivate B.remove C.beautify D.visualize 31.A.unavoidable B.unappealing C.inappropriate D.incomplete 32.A.identified B.threatened C.anticipated D.neglected 33.A.private B.additional C.mere D.primitive 第3页共9页 34.A.stop B.suffer C.generate D.explain 35.A.contradiction B.solution C.expectation D.promise Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) My dad is a crossword-lover.When I was a little girl,Dad would read his crossword puzzles to me from a magazine.I can still remember how he turned his pencil excitedly as he discovered a new phrase.If my attention weakened,he would say,"Feeling sleepy?Never mind,I'll keep reading. Some of the words may crawl into your mind."Bit by bit,Dad introduced me to the power of words and guided my life's calling,a purpose I never questioned or bothered to pursue. Years passing,I grew into a professional writer.I found that he never asked me to suggest a word or help him with a puzzle when I was working.For him,my words were precious;each held value.But it did not matter much to me how much I got paid for writing.I wrote because I loved word-craft and making up stories that brought ideas to life. Recently when an editor surprised me with a lower rate of pay for a piece of essay that they chose to publish online rather than in print,I was kind of hurt!But I comforted myself by looking at the bright side-so many people read the piece and shared joyful emotions and praise on social media.Although some worldly-wise friends told me that I was paid peanuts,I myself felt well rewarded. While I was content,a certain anxiety would secretly emerge:would the thought of earnings cheapen the dignity of my work?Dad's solution was:"Why not both?Money isn't everything,but isn't it good to have enough to help yourself and those close to you?And for your talents and efforts to be valued?"Dad believed not only that more wealth did not mean greater happiness,but also that no effort should be undervalued. Today,when doubts cloud my mind,I think of Dad's pencil:its purpose may be to solve a crossword puzzle,but it was also there for anyone writing down a life-changing number in a lottery ticket ()So couldn't my words help complete my life purpose and earn a better living too?Now I take up assignments-some that pay well,some that don't-and they both fill me with joy. 36.Dad didn't turn to the author to solve puzzles probably because he A.didn't know the fun of sharing games B.failed to see her willingness to help C.didn't want to interrupt her literary creation D.trusted his own ability to solve puzzles 37."I was paid peanuts"in paragraph 3 indicates that A.my writing deserved a better pay B.I got some nuts from my writing C.my writing ability was overrated D.I earned more than I should have 38.What does the author mainly convey in the last paragraph? 第4页共9页 A.Dad uses a pencil to balance his life wisely. B.Her life purpose is realized through writing. C.She sees both her words'material and spiritual value. D.Multiple roles of a pencil may help change one's life. 39.What can we learn about Dad and the author? A.Dad developed her attention by reading. B.Dad advised her to be a professional writer. C.Dad improved her ability to solve word puzzles. D.Dad helped shape her view on writing for a living. (B) Pickleball is now one of the fastest-growing sports,and it's tons of fun.It is played on a badminton-sized court with a net at the center.Each end of the court has a kitchen (the non-volley zone;volley is a hit of the ball before it touches the ground).Follow these simple rules and I bet you'll be out playing doubles pickleball in no time. Left Service Area Centerline Kitchen Right Service Sideline #1:each rally(往返拍击)begins with a serve The game starts with a serve.In the doubles,the player on the right side of their court always starts the serve.You serve crosscourt to your opponent. The serving player can either hit the ball after it bounces or out of the air and the serve must avoid landing in the kitchen or on its line. When hitting a volley serve,your paddle(球拍) must move in an upward path. #2:the ball must bounce once on cach side before either team can volley Before any player can hit a shot out of the air,the ball must bounce once on each side.So,if your partner is serving and you start up at the kitchen,you're in a dangerous position,because the returning team can hit a shot right at you.If you react with a volley,it's considered a fault and you'll lose the point*because you don't let the ball bounce first on your side.(*A point is a unit of scoring that can only be won by the serving team.) #3:each point continues until a fault After the serve,play continues until a rally is won either by someone hitting a winning shot or a fault is committed.A fault ends the rally.In pickleball,there are some basic fault types: 第5页共9页 The ball lands in the kitchen. The ball lands out of bounds (bchind the baseline or outside the sideline). The ball hits the net and falls on your side. The ball bounces twice on one side before the player can return it. (To Be Continued) 40.When your partner is scrving,you are not advised to start at the kitchen because A.your opponent is likely to gain a point B.the ball won't bounce on the other side C.your partner is likely to be hit D.you probably won't gain a point 41. According to #3,which pictures show faults? ① ② ⊙ ③ ④ ® A.①② B.②③ C.②④ D.③④ 42.Where may you find this article? A.In a journal on sports science. B.From a profile of the sports'inventor. C.At the“How-To”section of a sports website D.On an official document of sports rule clarification. (C) Even if you don't worry that artificial intelligence(Al)will destroy the human race,you might fear its huge appetite for electricity will damage the environment.Asking an AI chatbot a question is equivalent to using ten times more energy than an old-fashioned internet search.As the AI boom took off,you may think that emissions(from tech giants evidently rise.With huge investments in new data centers planned,more rises seem inevitable.But the worry is on shaky ground. In absolute terms,AI may be less energy-hungry than assumed.The International Energy Agency (IEA)estimates that electricity consumption by data centers could more than double in five years.Even if energy usage increases sharply,the base is still low.Data centers currently account for only about 1.5%of global electricity consumption-and the vast majority of that is due to streaming, social media and online shopping,not Al. 第6页共9页 Handled in a smart way,some of AI's electricity use will help with greening the economy.AI is highly capable of identifying complex patterns and improving systems,which can help reduce emissions.It is already helping improve the efficiency of electrical networks with real-time balance of supply and demand.Besides,it has assisted in reducing petrol consumption in shipping through adjusting routes and speeds to the fittest,and spotting leaks of methane (a greenhouse gas)by cooperating with satellites and ground sensors. The task for policymakers and industry bosses is to maximize AI's advantages in saving energy, thus minimizing its climate impacts.The most elegant solution would be for governments to set a proper price on carbon.But because a global carbon price remains a distant dream,it would be more realistic to focus on other measures. The first is greater openness.From August 2026,the EU will require some AI developers to report their energy use in detail,which can be copied elsewhere.A second is to rethink how data centers operate.The IEA notes that arranging to shift volume of work among data centers at different times could reduce pressure and help balance energy networks,making them better matched to renewable power.Third,tech firms should live up to their environmental promises.Many now rely heavily on buying renewable-energy credits,a problematic way of balancing their emissions.A better one is to use their influence to promote the decarbonization of the energy networks by pushing for planning reform and supporting alternatives like nuclear power.Doubling down on these would help transform AI from climate suspect to climate hero. 43.The reason why the author says"the worry is on shaky ground"is that A.tech companies have already achieved their carbon goals B.future data centers will be powered by renewable energy C.the current energy use by AI is small within global context D.AI's environmental benefits can make up for its energy cost 44.We can learn from paragraph 3 that A.energy used by AI would otherwise realize a green economy B.energy saving in shipping is partly due to AI-improved routes C.AI's real-time management has raised electricity consumption D.methane leak detection done by AI can be sensed by satellites 45.Which of the following is recommended to handle AI's climate impacts? A.Setting a global carbon price for tech industries. B.Scheduling data centers'workloads dynamically. C.That tech firms balance emissions through credit exchange. D.That AI developers stay open to others'reporting approaches. 46.What would be the best title for the passage? A.Technology's Impact on Climate Change B.Government Regulations on AI and Energy C.AI's Energy Demand and Tech Innovation D.AI's Energy Consumption and Conservation Section C Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 第7页共9页 A.The staff have given up making efforts to reverse such a serious situation. B.In his opinion,the theft succeeded in giving France an unacceptable image. C.The answer points to its public finances already under great constant stress. D.Dig into the question,and you'll uncover the answer hidden behind its works of art. E.Due to such overload,museum staff repeatedly gave authorities warnings about security threats. F.An ambitious plan to transform the museum has thus taken shape and is under heated discussion. How Could Louvre(卢浮宫)Robbery Have Happened? In the morning on October the 19th 2025,after thieves broke into the Louvre Museum in broad daylight,making off with 8 pieces of treasures,an embarrassed nation is asking itself a question: How could France let this happen?47 Problems related to funds have actually held back the state-owned museum's ability to manage massive crowds and ultimately secure some of the world's most valuable collections of art. The fact that the break-in occurred at the Louvre Palace,a symbol of France's cultural might, and encountered little resistance,has French officials questioning not just the Louvre's defenselessness,but that of cultural sites across the country.Several ministers arranged for a crisis meeting to examine the extent of the security breakdown.Justice Minister Gerald Darmanin expressed,"One thing is certain:it's that we have failed". 48 The museum staff are placing the blame on years of staffing cuts.The continuous layoffs have left the Louvre with tough choices over where to position a limited number of security guards and cameras.They guard more than 700,000 square feet of exhibition space that contains masterpieces ranging from the Mona Lisa to many ancient statues from Egypt.49 "We were shouting from the rooftops,"Elise Muller,a Louvre security guard and union official said,"We can now see how little we were listened to."In June,museum staff even mounted a protest over conditions at the museum,saying the crowds were adding stress to the security team in charge of monitoring its collection. 50 President Macron intends to construct a new entrance and take pressure off the symbolic glass structure where visitors currently enter the museum and fast-track visits to the Mona Lisa,the Louvre's main attraction.But critics complain Macron's plan won't be finished until 2031 at the earliest.Besides,finding public funds for any repair of the Louvre is going to be a challenge.The longer France struggles to walk out of the financial collapse,the more it chances losing priceless works in robbery that French officials say are increasingly well-organized. III.Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. 51. The Drawbacks-and Benefits-of Isolation Loneliness is increasingly seen as a serious problem in modern society,affecting both the elderly and many young people.Smartphones,social media,and remote work are often blamed for making individuals feel isolated.Three recent books explore the complex nature of being alone. "All the Lonely People"shares personal stories from individuals experiencing deep isolation. 第8页共9页 The author,Sam Carr,a psychologist,sensitively shows the emotional pain caused by loss of family members,disease,or difficult childhood experiences.After reading this book,one may wonder whether loneliness is just an unavoidable human experience.Actually,Carr suggests loneliness isn't one simple feeling,but a mix of different unhappy emotions and unsatisfied needs. Another book,"Solitude",written by two psychologists,shows a completely different story, exploring the rewards of time spent alone.It is common to treat loneliness and being alone as similar concepts,but they are not.Based on laboratory work,interviews and surveys,the authors argue that isolation offers valuable benefits,which allows people space to rest,think,and escape constant noise and distractions.However,the experience depends entirely on whether being alone is voluntary. Being forced to stay isolated,like prisoners,is usually miserable. "The Success of the Slippers"presents a more critical view of modern isolation.Mr Bruckner,a philosopher,calls the present period"a Great Withdrawal."The book describes a society where most tasks can be completed without leaving house.The author's comment?"While it's nice to be comfortable,you can't build a civilization on softness."Mr Bruckner's main theme is the need for people to relearn the art of affection.The author believes "interactive isolation"enabled by technology cannot replace "the great theatre of the world."Mr Bruckner supplies a checklist for getting rid of enduring,painful feelings of loneliness:"Have we loved others enough,given others enough,held others enough?" Maybe it is time to try to answer these questions. IV.Translation Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 52.许多家长关心孩子的睡眠不足问题，认为这会影响学习效率。(concern) 53.这座古镇能保持原貌，归功于当地居民对历史建筑的精心守护。(ow) 54.社区每个月推出惠民活动，大家只需网上预约，就可免费体验。(available) 55.近年来，该地区牛奶消耗量稳步提升，足见民众的健康意识已然深入人心。(wich) V.Guided Writing Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56.假设你是中华中学的高二学生张晶，你校英文报正在开展“AI and Our Life'”的主题征文活 动。你有意参加，你的征文内容须包括： >具体描述一次你使用AI的经历和感受： >谈谈你对高中学生使用AI的看法和建议。 注：文中不得透露你的真实信息。 第9页共9页