2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高二上学期英语寒假作业11

2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高二英语寒假作业11 一、一词多义 1. lecture (1)What makes me angry is that he is always lecturing me about my behavior.________ (2)I feel greatly honored to deliver a lecture which is designed for senior three students.________ (3)As a senior high school student，I know I must stop smoking—don’t give me a lecture about it.________ 2. content (1)I always concentrate on reading the colorful contents of the English newspaper Youth.________ (2)By looking at the page of contents，you can know about the style of the book.________ (3)Senior high school students should avoid eating food with high fat content.________ (4)I was content with the lecture he delivered just now.________ 3. make up (1)Women officers make up 13 percent of the police force.________ (2)Actually I think it’s very unkind of you to make up stories about him.________ (3)She chose Maggie to make her up for her engagement photographs.________ (4)You must focus on your study from now on and try to make up the time lost in the past.________ 4. work out (1)With great efforts the soldier worked out the problem.________ (2)The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width.________ (3)To win glory for our class in the sports meeting，I have been working out for an hour every morning.________ 5. affect (1)Deeply affected by the film，we couldn’t hold back tears.________ (2)Honestly speaking, the coming-of-age ceremony affects me greatly.________ (3)The disease affects many different organs of his body.________ 6. deliver (1)The princess has been delivered of a healthy baby boy.________ (2)I’m having some flowers delivered for her birthday.________ (3)I feel greatly honored to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering here.________ 7. strike (1)When I entered the room, the clock had just struck 10.________ (2)As an old saying goes, “Strike the iron while it’s hot.” You’d better go over what you have learned as soon as possible.________ (3)The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the room immediately.________ (4)They have been on strike for several days to get a higher pay.________ (5)A big earthquake struck the area last week, which then caused a terrible tsunami.________ (6)It strikes us that we can follow the stream back to the farmhouse.________ 8. refer to (1)Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the word？________ (2)The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.________ (3)The word “business” also refers to an organization that offers goods and services.________ 9. character (1)As we all know，Chinese characters are quite difficult to memorize.________ (2)Tom Cruise is a leading character in this film.________ (3)She has a cheerful but quiet character.________ (4)The city invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old town.________ (5)Sports can be good for character building.________ 10. due (1)The boat is due to arrive at 12:00, so remember to pick me up on time.________ (2)Thank you for delivering my goods here.Ten dollars is due to you.________ (3)When the car is due for its annual service again，please remind me.________ 11. observe (1)The traffic rules must be observed in our country.________ (2)However far it is，Chinese people will return to their home to observe the Spring Festival.________ (3)At present，we become accustomed to observing the night sky with a telescope.________ 12. tough (1)His tough character resulted in his final success.________ (2)Don’t be tough on him—he was only trying to help.________ (3)Asparagus(芦笋) is by nature tender and tasty at one end，but gets tougher and difficult to eat at the other end.________ (4)Harvard researchers have created a tough, low-cost, biodegradable (可生物降解的) material inspired by insects’ hard outer shells.________ (5)It was then that I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on balancing family and work.________ 13. tip (1)Sorry，your name is just on the tip of my tongue.________ (2)After I had my hair cut, I gave the hairdresser a tip.________ (3)Here are some tips on how to make friends.________ (4)She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service.________ 14. approach (1)The students approach their teacher for advice.________ (2)She decided to adopt a different approach to the problem.________ (3)As the summer break is approaching, I will be free for almost three months.________ (4)What’s the best way to approach this problem？________ 15. charge (1)The young man was charged with abusing drugs.________ (2)My father took charge of the company five years ago.________ (3)Have you got your phone charged？It was powered off just now.________ (4)Luckily, the wolf didn’t charge again after I used wolf spray.________ (5)The old man charged me 10 dollars for a bottle of honey.________ 16. perform (1)The chief of the company decided to choose a responsible person to perform the task.________ (2)Honey, you must appreciate that I have my duty to perform, just as you have your duty.________ (3)Irene is so incredibly musical and has a natural instinct to perform.________ (4)When you’re in a job you dislike, for instance, you may not perform well.________ 17. get through (1)What puzzles me is that I don’t know how to get through my work.________ (2)Using a different approach helps me get through tough times.________ (3)If one man guards the pass, ten thousand people are unable to get through.________ (4)Having dialed the number several times, the poet still couldn’t get through.________ 18. figure (1)She was pleased to report the latest trade figures to her manager.________ (2)I am grateful to you for your advice on how to keep a slim figure.________ (3)Tsinghua University is absolutely home to a great number of outstanding figures.________ (4)I saw a tall figure approaching in the darkness.________ (5)The wall was covered with figures of birds，flowers and lanterns.________ (6)I figure that you have a lot in common with me.________ (7)I am figuring my expenses so that I can know where my money has gone.________ 19. sharp (1)She studied the young man with her sharp bright eyes.________ (2)Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town.________ (3)I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.________ (4)She planned to unlock the shop at 8:00 sharp the next morning.________ (5)All the footprints are quite sharp and clear.________ (6)She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting potatoes.________ 20. settle (1)After years of travel, we decided to settle in London.________ (2)With the difficult problem settled, he went to the cinema with his friends.________ (3)I tried to settle the crying baby down, but in vain.________ 二、阅读理解 A Have you ever noticed the “Gen Z stare”? This refers to a long, blank and expressionless look often seen in teenagers and young adults. They might use this expression when faced with frustrating questions during face-to-face conversations. The look has led to heated debate across generations. Many older generations are confused, and some even criticize that the generation doesn’t have social manners, saying that their bored-looking expression can ruin interactions. However, Gen Zers have argued that this is simply their way of communicating. This debate has made many curious about why young people often have such blank stares. Psychology Today explains that the Gen Z stare is a sign of key issues for their generation. These include identity, visibility, emotion regulation and self-presentation. Research suggests that these expressions help manage emotions, serving as a form of protection from judgment or overexposure. Gen Z often worries about looking too keen, so holding back their feelings may signal that they are in control. Also, technology plays a significant role. Growing up with the internet, Gen Zers have developed different conversational rules. They are used to jumping straight into specific topics, often skipping the small talk. “You’re straight to the top of the conversation because someone said something interesting... or someone sent you an online joke,” Gen Zer Grace told ABC News. “So there isn’t much practice with small talk, and therefore it’s a little bit harder to know how to respond to it in person.” This isn’t the first time technology and generational differences have led to unique behavioral patterns. Millennials (千禧一代), born between the early 1980s and early 2000s, are known for the “millennial pause” — a brief moment before speaking in videos. Baby Boomers, born between 1946 and 1964, often sign their text messages as if writing letters. Every generation eventually becomes a target of moral panic, pointed out Matthew Solit, a clinical director at LifeStance Health. However, this probably isn’t true for Gen Z, just like it wasn’t for those before them. 1．What does the older generation regard the “Gen Z stare” as? A．A lack of politeness. B．A sign of indifference. C．A way of interacting. D．A form of self-control. 2．According to Grace, what happened to Gen Zers with technology? A．They have various talking rules. B．They lack chances to talk online. C．They tend to be straightforward. D．They are used to replying at once. 3．What’s the author’s attitude to the “Gen Z stare”? A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Sympathetic. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Communication B．The Gen Z Stare and Its Causes C．Moral Panic About Generations D．Unique Expressions of Gen Zers 七选五 When I ran triathlons (a sporting event) , I discovered something powerful that helped me push through physical pain. It was not only my training but also the encouragement from those around me that gave me the strength to keep going. Their cheering voices made me know that I was not alone in my struggle. Many of us today face challenges of different kinds—uncertain news, personal loss, or health problems of loved ones. 25 We may feel anxious or powerless, thinking that no one can really help. 26 Research has shown that people with strong social ties are usually happier, healthier, and more resilient (有适应力的) in the face of difficulties. When we feel supported, our nervous system becomes more balanced, allowing us to think clearly and act wisely. Science has also found that our bodies can “read” the emotional signals of others. When we stay close to people who show care, our heart rhythms become more consistent, helping us feel calm and safe. However, many of us still find it hard to ask for help. 27 Such thoughts often stop us from reaching out, even when support is available. According to research from Stanford University, people usually underestimate (低估) how willing others are to help. In reality, acts of kindness benefit both sides—those who receive and those who offer help. 28 To strengthen our sense of connection, we can start by recognising the sources of support around us—family, friends, community, or even nature itself. 29 It may not always be easy, but small steps can make a big difference. A．This is a trap many people can pick out. B．In fact, human beings are wired for social connection. C．Knowing these facts can encourage us to open our hearts. D．Similarly, they can remove our stress in ways we may not even notice. E．We may fear being a burden or believe that others are too busy to care. F．At such moments, our natural reaction may be to deal with problems alone. G．Then we can reach out to these supportive forces and develop closer connections with them. 三、完形填空 When I retired, my wife Peg said “Great! You’ll have time to clean the garage!” After 30 years’ 30 as director of a radio station, I would finally have more time for housework, but I worried I’d lose the sense of 31 I had felt in my profession. I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors, but they were as 32 as I felt in this new stage of my life. After several attempts, I finally got the doors open and started to empty the shelves. Then my hand hit something 33 . It was a common old metal can. I 34 the cover and found a 35 envelope with a postmark of May 13, 1940 inside. 36 , I opened it and found some flower seeds in it, “Eighty years old! I wonder if they’ll still grow.” I 37 the seeds in a plastic pot. I checked it every day, but nothing happened. “I guess they’re just too 38 to be any good,” I told Peg in 39 . I picked up the pot to get rid of it, but something made me 40 . I changed my mind and set it aside. Meanwhile, I was keeping 41 , buying some books to improve my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew about gardening and dogs. Six weeks later, I was out in the yard when I 42 to notice the pot. A new bit of green — a leaf had 43 . I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters. “Look, girls, even something this old can still 44 for its purpose and be pretty cool. Just like your grand-papa!” 30．A．dream B．belief C．ideal D．service 31．A．freedom B．purpose C．insight D．security 32．A．worn B．stuck C．broken D．lost 33．A．stable B．special C．hard D．sharp 34．A．removed B．washed C．grasped D．fastened 35．A．labeled B．selected C．yellowed D．ruined 36．A．Curiously B．Sincerely C．Skillfully D．Bravely 37．A．collected B．planted C．abandoned D．stored 38．A．old B．wet C．weak D．small 39．A．anger B．surprise C．regret D．relief 40．A．suspect B．recall C．hesitate D．disappoint 41．A．upset B．awake C．social D．busy 42．A．expected B．attempted C．motivated D．happened 43．A．showed up B．fallen off C．taken off D．dried off 44．A．compete B．grow C．survive D．relax 四、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zootopia 2, a phenomenal animated film, which took the world 45 storm, is set to reawaken audience memories in the winter of 2025. For many viewers, an eight-year wait may seem excessively long. However, in the field of animation production, this actually fits the normal cycle for a top-tier sequel. This “delay” is not due to inefficiency 46 springs from the relentless pursuit of creative quality. Every step — from story conception and character design 47 technical execution — requires repeated refinement. Especially after the tremendous success of the first film, 48 creative team faces higher expectations and pressure 49 (perfect) the sequel, struggling to strike a balance between innovation and legacy. Groundbreaking progress 50 (make) in real-time rendering technology and AI-assisted production over the intervening eight years, 51 (suggest) the sequel could achieve a qualitative leap in image complexity, lighting realism and large-scale crowd animation. The audience might see a more vivid and detailed Zootopia. 52 even the subtlest expression changes and fur movement could look 53 (credible) real. Zootopia became a classic not only for its exquisite production but also for its clever exploration of profound themes like prejudice and inclusion, dreams and reality. 54 the sequel deepens this social commentary will be its biggest highlight. 五、写作 1.应用文写作 假定你是李华，在上周举行的全市中学生英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。请给你的交换生好友Mary写一封信，感谢她给你提供的帮助。内容包括： 1. 写信目的; 2. 提供的具体帮助; 3. 你的希望。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mary, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 2.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One afternoon, as I walked through the school’s art hallway, I spotted a boy sitting alone on a bench, staring attentively at a sketchbook (素描册). His pencil moved quickly across the paper, drawing the details of the potted sunflowers by the window. Though his uniform was dusted with pencil shavings (削屑), his eyes shone with focus. “That’s Leo,” my classmate whispered. “He’s in Grade 10 and loves drawing more than anything, but his family can’t afford art supplies or classes.” Later, I often saw Leo spending time in the art room during breaks, borrowing basic supplies from the teacher and copying works from art textbooks. One rainy day, we got stuck together and found shared shelter under the school gate. He pulled out his sketchbook and showed me his drawings: vivid portraits (肖像) of classmates, detailed campus scenes, and even imaginative illustrations of stories he’d written. “I want to be an illustrator someday,” he said shyly. “I hope my drawings can make people feel warm. But I don’t know if I’ll ever get to learn proper skills.” I was impressed by his talent and passion — his lines were expressive and full of life, even without formal training. “Your work is amazing,” I said sincerely. “With professional guidance, you could go far. Have you thought about joining the school’s art club or applying for a scholarship?” Leo’s face brightened for a moment, and then fell. “The art club’s application requires handing in a set of works with professional materials, and the scholarship deadline is next month. I don’t have enough good sketchbooks or the right tools to finish them.” My heart ached for this determined boy. A week later, our art teacher announced a school-wide illustration competition with a prize of art supplies and a free summer art workshop. Leo’s eyes lit up when he heard the news, but he soon sighed. “I only have a few old pencils and a torn sketchbook. I can’t create a good entry with these.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I decided to help Leo realize his dream. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On competition results day, Leo and I waited anxiously in the school hall. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高二英语寒假作业11 一、一词多义 1. (1)C　(2)A　(3)B 2. (1)C　(2)A　(3)D　(4)B 3. (1)B　(2)D　(3)A　(4)C 4. (1)B　(2)C　(3)A 5. (1)B　(2)A　(3)C 6. (1)B　(2)A　(3)C 7. (1)F　(2)A　(3)E　(4)C　(5)D　(6)B 8. (1)C　(2)B　(3)A 9. (1)D　(2)C　(3)A　(4)B　(5)E 10. (1)C　(2)A　(3)B 11. (1)B　(2)C　(3)A 12. (1)B　(2)D　(3)C　(4)A　(5)E 13. (1)C　(2)A　(3)B　(4)D 14. (1)B　(2)D　(3)A　(4)C 15. (1)B　(2)A　(3)D　(4)E　(5)C 16. (1)C　(2)B　(3)A　(4)D 17. (1)B　(2)C　(3)D　(4)A 18. (1)B　(2)C　(3)A　(4)D　(5)E　(6)G　(7)F 19. (1)B　(2)A　(3)E　(4)D　(5)F　(6)C 20. (1)C　(2)A　(3)B 二、阅读理解 A 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了“Z世代凝视”这一现象及其背后的原因。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Have you ever noticed the “Gen Z stare”? This refers to a long, blank and expressionless look often seen in teenagers and young adults.(你注意过“Z世代凝视”吗？这指的是青少年和年轻人长时间、茫然、面无表情的表情)”和第二段中“Many older generations are confused, and some even criticize that the generation doesn’t have social manners, saying that their bored-looking expression can ruin interactions.(许多年长一代对此感到困惑，有些人甚至批评这一代人没有社交礼仪，称他们无聊的表情会破坏互动)”可知，老一辈人认为“Z世代凝视”是一种不礼貌的表现。故选A项。 22．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Growing up with the internet, Gen Zers have developed different conversational rules. They are used to jumping straight into specific topics, often skipping the small talk.(在互联网环境下长大的Z世代已经形成了不同的对话规则。他们习惯于直接切入具体话题，经常跳过闲聊)”可知，Grace认为Z世代习惯了直接切入具体话题，即他们倾向于直截了当。故选C项。 23．推理判断题。通读全文，作者在呈现关于“Z世代凝视”的不同观点时，既在第二段中“Many older generations are confused, and some even criticize that the generation doesn’t have social manners, saying that their bored-looking expression can ruin interactions.(许多年长一代对此感到困惑，有些人甚至批评这一代人没有社交礼仪，称他们无聊的表情会破坏互动)”引述了老一辈的批评观点，也在第三段中“Psychology Today explains that the Gen Z stare is a sign of key issues for their generation... (《今日心理学》解释说，Z世代凝视是他们这一代人关键问题的标志……)”和第四段中“Also, technology plays a significant role. (此外，技术也扮演着重要角色)”引述了Z世代自身的观点以及心理学和技术的解释。在最后一段，作者还通过“This isn’t the first-time technology and generational differences have led to unique behavioral patterns. (这不是技术和代际差异第一次导致独特的行为模式)”和“Every generation eventually becomes a target of moral panic, pointed out Matthew Solit, a clinical director at LifeStance Health. (LifeStance Health的临床主任马修·索利特指出，每一代人最终都会成为道德恐慌的目标)” 举例和引用专家观点，来说明这种现象并非Z世代独有，体现了客观的分析视角。全文以客观陈述和分析为主，没有明显的个人倾向性。故选A项。 24．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段“Have you ever noticed the “Gen Z stare”? This refers to a long, blank and expressionless look often seen in teenagers and young adults.(你注意过“Z世代凝视”吗？这指的是青少年和年轻人长时间、茫然、面无表情的表情)”引出“Z世代凝视”现象：随后从第二段开始探讨其原因和影响，包括不同代际的看法、心理学解释和技术影响。文章主要围绕“Z世代凝视”是什么以及它为什么会出现来展开，因此B项“Z世代凝视及其原因”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 七选五 【答案】25．F 26．B 27．E 28．C 29．G 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以作者参加铁人三项的经历为引，探讨人们在面对挑战时容易陷入孤立，并通过科学研究说明社会联结对身心健康的重要性，给出加强联结的具体建议。 25．根据前文“Many of us today face challenges of different kinds — uncertain news, personal loss, or health problems of loved ones. (如今我们许多人都面临各种各样的挑战——不确定的消息、个人损失或亲人的健康问题。)”以及后文“We may feel anxious or powerless, thinking that no one can really help. (我们可能会感到焦虑或无力，认为没有人能真正帮忙。)”可知，前文列举了几种不同的挑战，后文描写人们具体的感受，空处需要一个过渡，承接前文的挑战，又引出后文人们的具体反应，F选项“在这样的时刻，我们的自然反应可能是独自处理问题。”中的“such moments”指代前文提到的“challenges of different kinds”，且自然引出下文的具体反应，承上启下。故选F。 26．根据后文“Research has shown that people with strong social ties are usually happier, healthier, and more resilient in the face of difficulties. When we feel supported, our nervous system becomes more balanced, allowing us to think clearly and act wisely. (研究表明，拥有强大社会联结的人通常更快乐、更健康，面对困难时也更有韧性。当我们感受到支持时，我们的神经系统会变得更加平衡，让我们能够清晰地思考，明智地采取行动。)可知，本段说明科学研究的结果是社会联结有益处。空处在段首，需要总领全段，陈述事实，后文需要为其提供支撑。B选项“事实上，人类天生就具备社会联结的本能。”起到统领作用，后文正是对它的支撑。故选B。 27．根据前文“However, many of us still find it hard to ask for help. (然而，我们中的许多人仍然发现很难寻求帮助。)”以及后文“Such thoughts often stop us from reaching out, even when support is available. (这样的想法常常阻止我们向他人求助，即使支持就在身边。)”可知，此处需要填入具体解释“难以求助的原因”的句子，且需要明确给出后文“Such thoughts”所指的具体内容。E选项“我们可能害怕成为负担，或者认为别人太忙而无暇顾及。”具体说明了是什么“想法”阻止我们求助，且与下文的“Such thoughts”形成直接指代关系。故选E。 28．前文“According to research from Stanford University, people usually underestimate how willing others are to help. In reality, acts of kindness benefit both sides — those who receive and those who offer help. (根据斯坦福大学的研究，人们通常低估了他人提供帮助的意愿。实际上，善意的行为使双方都受益——无论是接受帮助的一方还是提供帮助的一方。）”提到了两项事实。空处在本段最后，需要总括一下了解这两项事实有何好处或作用。C选项“了解这些事实可以鼓励我们敞开心扉。”承接上文的研究发现，自然过渡到这些发现可能带来的积极行为改变，符合段尾总结功能。故选C项。 29．前文“To strengthen our sense of connection, we can start by recognising the sources of support around us — family, friends, community, or even nature itself. (为了加强我们的联结感，我们可以从识别身边的支持来源开始——家人、朋友、社区，甚至大自然本身。)”给出加强联结感的一项建议是识别身边的支持来源。后文“It may not always be easy, but small steps can make a big difference. (这可能并不总是容易的，但这些小步骤可以带来巨大的改变。)”使用复数形式的“small steps”，说明该句前应不只有一项方法建议。G选项“然后，我们可以主动联系这些支持力量，并与他们建立更紧密的联系。”正是给出前文所提建议之后的下一步具体行动，句首有Then与前文承接，且与下文的“small steps”相呼应。故选G项。 三、完形填空 【答案】30．D 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．C 41．D 42．D 43．A 44．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者退休后清理车库时发现80年前的花种，栽种后花种发芽，让他领悟到自身仍有价值的故事。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一家广播电台担任了30年的总监之后，我终于有了更多的时间来做家务，但我担心我会失去我在工作中感受到的使命感。A. dream梦想；B. belief信念；C. ideal理想；D. service服务、任职期。根据上文“When I retired, my wife Peg said “Great! You’ll have time to clean the garage!””可知，作者退休了；再根据空后“as director of a radio station”可推测，作者是担任电台总监30年。选项D“service”此处表示职业上的服务年限，任职期，符合退休的语境。故选D。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一家广播电台担任了30年的总监之后，我终于有了更多的时间来做家务，但我担心我会失去我在工作中感受到的使命感。A. freedom自由；B. purpose目的、目标；C. insight洞察力、领悟；D. security安全、保障。根据上文可知，作者刚刚退休；再根据最后一段“even something this old can still ____150____ for its purpose and be pretty cool.”可推测，此处意为“使命感、目标感”，与作者担心退休后失去职业中那种目标感的心理相契合。故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我用力推了推车库的木门，但它们就像我在生活的新阶段一样被卡住了。A. worn磨损的、用旧的；B. stuck卡住的、被困住的；C. broken破碎的、坏掉的；D. lost迷路的、丢失的。根据下文“After several attempts, I finally got the doors open and started to empty the shelves.”可推测，车库门被卡住了，也暗合作者退休后内心的困顿感。故选B。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我的手碰到了什么硬物。A. stable稳定的、稳固的；B. special特别的、特殊的；C. hard坚硬的、困难的；D. sharp锋利的、尖锐的。根据下文“It was a common old metal can.”可知，金属罐子的触感是坚硬的。由此可知，作者的手碰到了硬的物品。故选C。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开盖子，发现里面是一个泛黄的信封，邮戳是1940年5月13日。A. removed移开、取下；B. washed清洗、洗涤；C. grasped抓住、领会；D. fastened系紧、固定。根据下文“found a ____141____ envelope with a postmark of May 13, 1940 inside”以及常识可知，要看到罐子里面的东西，需要取下盖子。故选A。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开盖子，发现里面是一个泛黄的信封，邮戳是1940年5月13日。A. labeled贴标签的；B. selected挑选的、精选的；C. yellowed泛黄的；D. ruined毁坏的、破败的。根据空后“with a postmark of May 13, 1940 inside”可知，信封上的邮戳是1940年的，距今已有80年，而旧信封的外观特征是泛黄的。故选C。 36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我满心好奇地打开它，发现里面有一些花籽，“八十年了！我想知道它们是否还会生长。”A. Curiously好奇地；B. Sincerely真诚地、诚挚地；C. Skillfully熟练地、巧妙地；D. Bravely勇敢地。根据下文“I opened it and found some flower seeds in it”以及常识可知，发现一个80年前的信封，正常人都会好奇地打开它。故选A。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把种子种在一个塑料花盆里。A. collected收集、采集；B. planted种植、栽种；C. abandoned抛弃、放弃；D. stored储存、储藏。根据下文“I checked it every day, but nothing happened.”可推测，作者是把种子种了下去。故选B。 38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我遗憾地对Peg说：“我想它们年头太久，已经不发芽了。”A. old古老的、旧的；B. wet潮湿的；C. weak虚弱的、微弱的；D. small小的、小型的。根据上文“Eighty years old! I wonder if they’ll still grow.”以及最后一段“Look, girls, even something this old can still ____44____ for its purpose and be pretty cool.”可推测，作者看到长时间没发芽，认为是种子年头久远，太陈旧了。故选A。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遗憾地对Peg说：“我想它们年头太久，已经不发芽了。”A. anger愤怒、怒气；B. surprise惊讶、惊喜；C. regret遗憾、懊悔；D. relief宽慰、解脱。根据语境可知，作者满怀期待种下80年的旧种子，却迟迟不见发芽，内心会充满遗憾。故选C。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我端起花盆准备扔掉，可不知怎的，又犹豫了。A. suspect怀疑、猜想；B. recall回忆、回想；C. hesitate犹豫、迟疑；D. disappoint使失望、使扫兴。根据上文“I picked up the pot to get rid of it”可知，作者本打算扔掉花盆；再根据下文“I changed my mind and set it aside.”可知，作者犹豫了，并没有扔掉花盆。故选C。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我一直很忙，买了一些书来提高我的摄影技巧，教我的孙女们我所知道的关于园艺和训狗的一切。A. upset心烦的、沮丧的；B. awake醒着的、清醒的；C. social社交的、社会的；D. busy忙碌的、繁忙的。根据下文“buying some books to improve my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew about gardening and dogs”可知，作者这段时间一直忙于各种事情。故选D。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个星期后，我在院子里，碰巧注意到那只花盆。A. expected预料；B. attempted企图、尝试；C. motivated激发；D. happened发生、碰巧。根据空后“to notice the pot”以及作者的惊讶之情可推测，作者并不是特意去看花盆，而是偶然发现了变化。故选D。 43．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一抹新绿映入眼帘——一片叶子长了出来。A. showed up出现、露面；B. fallen off脱落、掉落；C. taken off起飞、脱掉；D. dried off晾干、弄干。根据上文“A new bit of green”可推测，作者看到花盆里有一点绿色，说明嫩芽出现了。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自豪地向我的孙女们炫耀。“你们瞧，姑娘们，即使是这么老的东西也可以为了它的目的而生长，而且很酷。就像你爷爷一样！”A. compete竞争、竞赛；B. grow生长、成长；C. survive生存、存活；D. relax放松、休息。上文提到种子长出了绿叶，作者借此感慨，即使是这么古老的东西，依然能为了它的使命生长。选项B“grow”呼应前文的种植和发芽，同时暗喻作者退休后依然能找到人生的价值。故选B。 四、语法填空 【答案】45．by 46．but 47．to 48．the 49．to perfect 50．has been made 51．suggesting 52．where 53．incredibly 54．How 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍动画电影《疯狂动物城 2》将于2025年冬季上映，讲述其制作耗时八年的原因、技术突破及续集亮点。 45．考查介词。句意：风靡全球的现象级动画电影《疯狂动物城2》将于2025年冬季唤醒观众的回忆。固定短语take...by storm，意为“风靡；席卷”。故填by。 46．考查并列连词。句意：这种“延迟”并非源于效率低下，而是源于对创作质量的执着追求。固定搭配not...but...，意为“不是……而是……”，用于连接两个并列的表语。故填but。 47．考查介词。句意：从故事构思、角色设计到技术执行，每一步都需要反复打磨。固定搭配from...to...，意为“从……到……”，用于连接并列的名词短语。故填to。 48．考查冠词。句意：尤其是在第一部电影取得巨大成功之后，制作团队面临着更高的期望和压力，要完善这部续集，努力在创新和传承之间取得平衡。此处特指《疯狂动物城 2》的创作团队，应用定冠词the。故填the。 49．考查非谓语动词。句意：尤其是在第一部电影取得巨大成功之后，制作团队面临着更高的期望和压力，要完善这部续集，努力在创新和传承之间取得平衡。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰名词pressure，应用动词不定式，作后置定语，表示“完善续集的压力”。故填to perfect。 50．考查动词语态。句意：在这八年的时间里，实时渲染技术和人工智能辅助制作取得了突破性进展，这表明续集可能会在画面复杂度、光影真实感和大规模群体动画方面实现质的飞跃。此空考查谓语动词，主语Groundbreaking progress与动词make之间是被动关系，且动作从过去持续到现在并产生影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态；progress是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been made。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这八年的时间里，实时渲染技术和人工智能辅助制作取得了突破性进展，这表明续集可能会在画面复杂度、光影真实感和大规模群体动画方面实现质的飞跃。此处应用非谓语形式，主语Groundbreaking progress与动词suggest之间是主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填suggesting。 52．考查定语从句。句意：观众或许会看到一个更加生动细腻的动物城，在那里，哪怕是最细微的表情变化和毛发运动都看起来逼真至极。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Zootopia，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 53．考查副词。句意：观众或许会看到一个更加生动细腻的动物城，在那里，哪怕是最细微的表情变化和毛发运动都看起来逼真至极。此处修饰形容词real，应用副词incredibly意为“极其；难以置信地”，作状语。故填incredibly。 54．考查主语从句。句意：续集如何深化这种社会寓意，将是它最大的亮点。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how引导。故填How。 五、写作 1.应用文写作 【参考答案】 Dear Mary, I’m writing to share exciting news that I won first prize in the city’s high school English Speech Contest last week! And I owe this success largely to you. When I struggled with the speech draft, it was you who helped me polish my language to make it more natural and powerful. Moreover, you spent time practicing with me, pointing out my pronunciation flaws and giving tips on body language. Your guidance made me much more confident on stage. I hope we can celebrate together this weekend. Thank you again for your great help! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给交换生好友Mary写一封信，表达获奖的喜悦并感谢对方的帮助，需涵盖写信目的、具体帮助及个人希望。 【详解】1.词汇积累 把……归功于……：owe…to… → attribute…to… 在……方面挣扎：struggle with → be stuck in 润色：polish → refine 缺陷：flaw → defect 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Moreover, you spent time practicing with me, pointing out my pronunciation flaws and giving tips on body language. Your guidance made me much more confident on stage. 拓展句：Moreover, you spent time practicing with me, pointing out my pronunciation flaws and giving tips on body language, which made me much more confident on stage. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share exciting news that I won first prize in the city’s high school English Speech Contest last week!(运用了that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】When I struggled with the speech draft, it was you who helped me polish my language to make it more natural and powerful.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句和强调句结构) 2.读后续写 【参考答案】 I decided to help Leo realize his dream. That afternoon, I spoke with our art teacher, who agreed to let us use the art room after school. I then reached out to our classmates. Some donated spare sketchbooks, and others contributed tubes of paint or quality pencils. Leo hesitated at first, but he was deeply moved by our belief in him and gratefully accepted our help. Night after night, he worked tirelessly, fueled by passion and our support. He chose to illustrate his own story about a boy who paints sunlight into people’s lives. Watching his idea come to life with the proper tools was magical; it was no longer just a sketchbook, but a gateway to his dream, finally unlocked. On competition results day, Leo and I waited anxiously in the school hall. He held my arm tightly, his hands shaking a little. When the judge announced the third and second place winners, his name wasn’t called, and his face fell in great disappointment. Then, the judge paused and said, “And for our grand prize winner, whose work displayed not only remarkable technique but intense emotional depth... Leo!” For a moment, there was dead silence, and then thunderous applause. Leo stood frozen, tears welling in his eyes as he made his way to the stage. He wasn’t just winning supplies; he was receiving the long-awaited recognition that his dream was real and within reach. 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个热爱绘画但家境贫寒的男孩Leo的故事。Leo对绘画充满热情，却因家庭无法负担艺术用品和课程而受限，只能借老师的基本用品临摹艺术教材，他梦想成为插画家，却苦于缺乏专业指导和工具。学校举办绘画比赛的消息让他燃起希望，但又因工具简陋而感到沮丧。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“我决定帮Leo圆梦。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何帮助Leo以及Leo接受大家帮助努力创作的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“比赛结果公布那天，我和Leo在学校礼堂里焦灼地等待着。”可知，第二段可描写比赛结果公布前Leo的心理活动以及获奖后的感受。 2.续写线索：发动众人帮助Leo——感动并接受帮助——努力创作——感到紧张——获得第一名——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①捐赠：donate/give away ②接受：accept/jump at ③选择：choose/select ④宣布：announce/declare 情绪类 ①感动的：moved/touched ②感激地：gratefully/appreciatively 【点睛】[高分句型1]That afternoon, I spoke with our art teacher, who agreed to let us use the art room after school.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]Leo stood frozen, tears welling in his eyes as he made his way to the stage.（运用了独立主格结构） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $