2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高二上学期英语寒假作业9

2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高二英语寒假作业9 一、单句语法填空 1. qualifications 2. ambitious 3. in 4. adaptation 5. recalling 6. That 7. presentation 8. motivation 9. overwhelming 10. being exposed/exposure 11. departure 12. surroundings 13. gazing 14. for 15. had been 二、翻译写作 16. The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way. 17. Thanks to the wall-to-wall/endless advertisements and substantial wages, many explorers applied to join the expedition to the Antarctic. 18. Laughter relaxes muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. 19. A new manager was hired to handle the crisis. 20. It was thanks to the fine acting of the whole cast that the play could be a success. 21. The way that he told me/The way he told me was wrong. 22. I spoke loud so that I could make myself heard by everyone. 23. There seems to be no work for you to do now. /It seems that there is no work for you to do now. 24. He hurried to the station, so that he caught the early train. 25. It seems that/as if/as though everyone knows except me. 三、阅读理解 A 【答案】26．A 27．D 28．C 29．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者赴墨西哥参加哥哥婚礼，误乘被警告的红金色出租车，母亲忧心不已，实则司机靠谱且英语流利，众人准时抵达，作者感悟要保有对他人的信任。 26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Before arriving, my sister-in-law-to-be, who lived there, told me something important. “Never get in a red-and-gold cab. They overcharge you, steal your money, and make you empty the ATM,” she said.(出发前，住在当地的准嫂子叮嘱了我一件要紧事，她说：“千万别坐红金色出租车，那些司机不仅漫天要价、偷你钱财，还会逼你把自动取款机里的钱取光。”)”可知，准嫂子想要提醒作者。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段“We are in a red-and-gold cab with a driver who doesn’t speak a word of English. I don’t know where we’re going, and I don’t know if we’re safe. He is a crazy driver, and I don’t even know if he knows our destination.(我们坐在一辆红金色的出租车里，司机一句英语都不会说。我不知道我们要去哪里，也不知道我们是否安全。他是个疯狂的司机，我甚至都不知道他是否知道我们的目的地)”以及最后一段“The driver congratulated my mother and gave me a knowing wink. We made the pictures just in time.(司机向我母亲表示了祝贺，并向我眨了眨眼睛。我们正好赶上了拍摄时机)”可知，作者的母亲做出了错误的判断。故选D。 28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“My mother’s face turned many shades of red, but I turned many “shades of relieved” that my faith in humans had helped us.(我母亲的脸涨得通红，而我则感到了许多种“如释重负”的情绪，因为我对人类的信任确实帮了我们大忙)”结合前文妈妈打电话时吐槽司机“不会英语、不安全”，可知，作者的母亲在司机说英语之后，感到非常尴尬。故选C。 29．推理判断题。根据第二段“My mother and me needed to get to the wedding, and I have a completely unhealthy faith in people. So far, it had paid off.(我和妈妈得赶去婚礼现场，而且我向来过分信任他人，迄今为止，这份信任从未出过差错)”以及最后一段“We made the pictures just in time. It seemed that it was the power of positive thinking that saved us from a potential disaster.(我们刚好赶上拍照。看来，正是积极心态的力量，帮我们避开了一场潜在的灾祸)”可知，作者通过这篇文章想要告诉我们要对他人保持信任。故选A。 七选五 【答案】30．G 31．F 32．A 33．C 34．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述重复对于学习和掌握新技能至关重要。 30．根据上文“Each repeated practice strengthens the neural pathways linked with the skill.(每一次重复练习都会强化与该技能相关的神经通路)”和下文“Consistent repetition has many other benefits.(持续的重复还有许多其他好处)”可知，此处应该指出重复的一个好处。所以G项“它还能让学习者识别并纠正以前忽略的错误”符合题意。故选G。 31．根据上文“Repetition is the basis of mastery and the way to success in almost every field.(重复是达到精通的基础，也是在几乎任何领域取得成功的必经之路)”可知，此处顺承上句，针对不同领域进行阐释。所以F项 “体育界和音乐界的实例都印证了这一原则的普遍性”符合题意。故选F。 32．根据后文“Familiarity is the basic source of mental and social stability. The simple exposure effect suggests that familiarity leads to liking. Many sensory experiences, such as coffee or music, with repeated exposure, can become increasingly pleasant.(熟悉度是心理和社交稳定的基本源泉。简单的“曝光效应”表明，熟悉会带来喜爱之情。许多感官体验，比如咖啡或音乐，经过反复接触，会变得越来越令人愉悦)”可知，此处为段落小标题。本段讲述：熟悉感是心理和社交稳定的基本源泉。单纯的接触效应表明，熟悉会带来喜爱之情。许多感官体验，比如咖啡或音乐，在反复接触后，会变得越来越令人愉悦。由此可知，A项“熟悉的舒适感”符合语境。故选A。 33．根据上文“Whether you’re learning to play an instrument, speak a new language, or stand out at a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory and improving your performance.(无论你是正在学习演奏乐器、学习一门新语言，还是想要在某项运动中脱颖而出，重复练习都是建立肌肉记忆、提升表现的关键所在)”可知，此处顺承上句，指出之后的结果。C项“之后它会帮你更接近自己期望的结果”符合题意。故选C。 34．上文提到“You are far more likely to enjoy something the second time than you think.( 你第二次体验某件事时，往往会比自己预想的更享受其中的乐趣)”由此可知，此处应该解释为什么需要第二次体验。下文提到 “So, repeating things can be considered as another opportunity to experience something fully. (因此，重复可以被视为再次充分体验某事物的又一次机会)”这与空格处构成因果关系，空格处应该提到第一次体验不充分，接下来指出第二次体验使其更充分。故D项“你通常会错过新体验的大部分内容”符合语境。故选D。 四、完形填空 【答案】35．A 36．B 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者年初立志园艺，历经辛苦却收效甚微，几乎放弃时，寒冬中意外发现大丽花绽放，重拾来年继续尝试的决心。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做了研究，买了所有必需品，并在院子里清理出一块地方。A. cleared清理；B. marked标记；C. measured测量；D. designed设计。根据后文“a spot in my yard”及园艺准备工作可知，作者需要清理出一块空地用于种花，“cleared”符合“为种植做准备”的语境。故选A项。 36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在日记里写下了我的园艺目标，希望能拥有一个开满鲜花的花园。A. gave away赠送；B. wrote down写下；C. made up编造；D. crossed out划掉。根据前文“in my journal”可知，作者将目标记录下来，“wrote down”符合“日记记录”的场景。故选B项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在日记里写下了我的园艺目标，希望能拥有一个开满鲜花的花园。A. choosing选择；B. promising承诺；C. hoping希望；D. agreeing同意。根据后文“to have a garden full of flowers”可知，作者希望能拥有一个开满鲜花的花园，“hoping”体现对目标的期盼，符合语境。故选C项。 38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：想象着大丽花完全绽放的样子，我感到很兴奋。A. gradually逐渐地；B. secretly秘密地；C. immediately立刻；D. fully完全地。根据前文“flowering”及后文“made me excited”可知，作者想象的是花朵完全盛开的美景，“fully”强调开花的完整状态。故选D项。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个春天我都忙得筋疲力尽，提着一桶桶水和一篮篮肥料。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. worried担忧的；C. disappointed失望的；D. tired疲惫的。根据后文“carrying buckets of water and baskets of fertilizer”可知，作者付出了大量体力劳动，应是疲惫的，“ran myself tired”表示“忙得筋疲力尽”，符合语境。故选D项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但尽管我付出了所有努力，我可怜的植物几乎还是难以存活。A. dying死亡；B. waving挥手；C. surviving存活；D. recognizing识别。根据前文“poor plants”及后文“just a few sad and sickly plants”可知，植物生长状况不佳，几乎难以存活，“surviving”符合“长势不好”的语境。故选C项。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着邻居们的花园里鲜花怒放，长得又高又壮。A. doubled翻倍；B. erupted爆发、怒放；C. ended结束；D. settled定居。根据后文“with flowers growing tall and strong.”可知，与作者的植物形成对比，邻居的花园鲜花长势旺盛，“erupted”此处引申为“鲜花怒放”，形象体现花开得繁茂。故选B项。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到夏末，我只种出了几株枯萎病态的植物。A. grow种植、培育；B. gather收集；C. harvest收获；D. save拯救。结合前文作者浇水施肥的种植过程，此处指最终培育出的植物状况，“grow”符合“种植培育”的逻辑。故选A项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大丽花从未开花。A. recovered恢复；B. flowered开花；C. adapted适应；D. disappeared消失。根据前文作者期待大丽花绽放及后文植物长势不佳可知，大丽花最终没有开花，“flowered”与前文“flowering”相呼应。故选B项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我盯着那些枯萎的植物。A. fresh新鲜的；B. rare稀有的；C. dead枯萎的、死亡的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据前文“That fall, an early frost wiped out my plants for good”可知，早霜会冻死植物，“dead”符合植物被摧毁后的状态。故选C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是不是应该放弃园艺？A. consider考虑；B. practise练习；C. appreciate欣赏；D. quit放弃。根据前文“nothing to show for all my hard work”、“the hobby wasn’t for me”可知，作者因努力无果产生了放弃的念头，“quit”符合语境。故选D项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雪不多，但它给院子覆盖了一层薄薄的粉末。A. coated覆盖；B. painted绘画；C. maintained维持；D. displayed展示。根据后文“in a soft powder”可知，雪覆盖了院子，“coated”表示“覆盖一层”，符合雪景描述。故选A项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了……我看向窗外，在白色的覆盖物中发现了一点色彩。A. sunlight阳光；B. color色彩；C. dust灰尘；D. ice冰。雪景是白色的，而花朵是有颜色的，“color”指大丽花的花色，与白色雪景形成对比。故选B项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可能吗？我跑到外面。A. lay躺；B. sat坐；C. ran跑；D. hid藏。根据前文“Was it possible?”可知，作者意外发现色彩，内心充满惊喜与疑惑，迫切想要确认，所以跑到外面。“ran”体现动作的急切。故选C项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决心明年再尝试园艺，选一个阳光更充足的地方。A. bored无聊的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. satisfied满意的；D. determined坚定的。根据前文“here, on the dahlia plant, was a beautiful flower.”可知，大丽花在寒冬中绽放的意外之喜，让作者重拾信心，下定决心再次尝试，“determined”体现坚定的态度。故选D项。 五、语法填空 【答案】50．Transforming 51．its 52．exposure 53．equipped 54．What 55．reliably 56．including/like 57．has been put 58．whose 59．for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）作为传统硅基太阳能板的替代品的优势，以及华南师范大学团队在该领域取得的技术突破、创新原理及应用前景。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些器件能以高效率、低成本将太阳能转化为电能，因而吸引了全球科研人员和产业界的关注。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“have drawn”，所以此处应用transform的非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语“these devices”之间为主动关系，所以应用其现在分词形式作状语，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Transforming。 51．考查代词。句意：华南师范大学的一个团队近期取得一项突破：他们的新型钙钛矿太阳能电池在持续光照一千小时后，仍能保持其原始性能的96.5%，这一数据远超行业平均水平。修饰名词短语“original performance”，应用it的形容词性物主代词形式its作定语，表示“它的”。故填its。 52．考查名词。句意：同上。根据空格前的“of”和“continuous sunlight”可知，此处应用expose的名词形式exposure作宾语，意为“暴露；照射”，为不可数名词，“sunlight exposure”表示“光照”。故填exposure。 53．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一成果的关键在于一种经重新设计的结构 —— 空穴传输层在高温下容易老化，因此团队移除了该层，并添加了一个配备先进纳米材料的定制电子传输层。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“removed”和“added”，所以此处应用equip的非谓语动词形式，因此与被修饰的名词“(a custom-made electron transport) layer”之间为被动关系，即层被配备纳米材料，所以应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填equipped。 54．考查主语从句。句意：这项技术之所以具有革命性意义，是因为新型钙钛矿太阳能电池能在恶劣环境下稳定工作，包括高湿度和极端温度环境。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，指代“……的事物”，应用连接代词what来引导，位于句首首字母需大写。故填What。 55．考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词“works”，应用reliable的副词形式reliably作状语，意为“可靠地；稳定地”。故填reliably。 56．考查介词。句意：同上。根据语意可知，空格后“high humidity and extreme temperatures”是对“harsh conditions”的举例说明，应用介词“including (包括)”或“like (像；比如)”，两者均符合语境。故填including/like。 57．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：一年多来，该电池经受了严格的稳定性测试，截至目前团队已完成500轮试验，所有测试结果均达到预期标准。根据时间状语“For over a year”和语境可知，此处表示到目前为止已经完成或发生的动作，应用现在完成时；主语“the cell”与“put through”之间为被动关系，即电池被进行测试，应用被动语态；且主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been put。 58．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“500 rounds of tests”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“results”，表示所属关系，即“测试的结果”，应用关系代词whose来引导。故填whose。 59．考查介词。句意：其柔性设计也使这种钙钛矿太阳能电池适用于航空航天和户外应用场景。“(be) suitable for”为固定搭配，意为“适合……”，符合语境。故填for。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年人教版（2019）高二英语寒假作业9 一、单句语法填空 1. Learning your ambition is to have __________(qualification) for teaching maths, I strongly suggest that you take an online course. 2. He played the role of an __________(ambition) lawyer in his latest movie. 3. Many university students engage__________ the voluntary work for the Asian Games. 4. A host family can help with your __________(adapt) to the new culture. 5. He paused for a moment, __________(recall) the important advice his mentor had given him. 6. ____________ the earth goes around the sun is a fact known to all. 7. I am going to ask you to make a brief __________(present) on your survey. 8. The stronger __________(motivate) a learner has, the more time he or she will spend learning a second language. 9. When your child is struggling for life, you feel this __________(overwhelm) sense of guilt. 10. In the battle of the COVID-19, Chinese medical workers risk __________(expose) to the virus. 11. They have received no news of him since his __________(depart) from the island. 12. Studying in another country exposes students to different __________(surround), which makes them know about the country’s customs, people and regions. 13. Mr Dambar found himself __________(gaze) into the distance for a moment or two. 14. There is no feeling on earth like winning __________ the first time. 15. It was the first time that he __________(be) late for school. 二、翻译写作 16. 植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. 多亏了铺天盖地的广告和可观的报酬，很多探险家申请参加这个去南极洲的考察。(apply) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. 大笑可以放松肌肉，在笑声消失后的45分钟内降低肌肉张力。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19. 雇用了一个新经理来解决这个危机。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. 正是由于全体演员的出色表演，那出戏才能获得成功。（强调句；thanks to） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 21. 他告诉我的方法是错的。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 22. 我大声地讲话，目的是让大家都能听见。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. 看来现在没有工作需要你做了。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 24. 他匆匆忙忙赶到车站，所以搭上了早班火车。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. 好像除我之外每个人都知道了。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、阅读理解 A My brother’s wedding brought us to Mexico City. It is a beautiful place with amazing food, but it also has an alarming crime rate, including kidnappings of tourists. Before arriving, my sister-in-law-to-be, who lived there, told me something important. “Never get in a red-and-gold cab. They overcharge you, steal your money, and make you empty the ATM,” she said. I nodded in agreement. On the day of the wedding, I asked the porter to call us an official cab, a white one. But what arrived was a slightly old red-and-gold cab. My mother and I needed to get to the wedding, and I have a completely unhealthy faith in people. So far, it had paid off. We had been updating my husband the whole time, but it was time to tell him we were on our way. “We are in a red-and-gold cab with a driver who doesn’t speak a word of English. I don’t know where we’re going, and I don’t know if we’re safe. He is a crazy driver, and I don’t even know if he knows our destination.” After my mother got off the phone, I took hold of the conversation. “Mom, we have a great driver. He is going to get us there in time for the pictures and the wedding.” There wasn’t much conversation until I said, “Here we are, Mom.” That is when the driver said in perfect English, “Is it your son’s wedding you are going to?” My mother’s face turned many shades of red, but I turned many “shades of relieved” that my faith in humans had helped us. The driver congratulated my mother and gave me a knowing wink. We made the pictures just in time. It seemed that it was the power of positive thinking that saved us from a potential disaster. 26．What did the author’s sister-in-law-to-be try to do? A．Give some warnings. B．Share some travel tips. C．Send some best wishes. D．Provide some travel plans. 27．What can we learn about the author’s mother? A．She annoyed the driver. B．She ruined the wedding. C．She made a wrong choice. D．She made a wrong judgment. 28．How did the author’s mother feel after the driver spoke English? A．Frustrated. B．Concerned. C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed. 29．What does the author intend to tell us by writing the text? A．Have faith in other people. B．Get on well with strangers. C．Broaden horizons by travelling. D．Dare to experience new things. 七选五 Repetition is essential for learning and mastering new skills. Task repetition is a key to transforming short-term memories into long-term memories. Each repeated practice strengthens the neural (神经的) pathways linked with the skill. 30 Consistent repetition has many other benefits. The practice of maintaining regularity and dependability. Repetition allows people to turn the ordinary into the extraordinary. Repetition is the basis of mastery and the way to success in almost every field. 31 Even older adults can benefit from task repetition to improve their working memory performance. Repetition helps to strengthen new ideas and behaviors in their mind, making them more familiar and easier to recall. 32 Familiarity is the basic source of mental and social stability. The simple exposure effect suggests that familiarity leads to liking. Many sensory experiences, such as coffee or music, with repeated exposure, can become increasingly pleasant. The building of habits. Repeat experiences lead to progress. As you repeat something over and over again, it becomes deeply rooted in your subconscious (潜意识) , allowing you to act on it without intentional effort. Whether you’re learning to play an instrument, speak a new language, or stand out at a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory and improving your performance. 33 The fresh eyes of seeing the world. You are far more likely to enjoy something the second time than you think. 34 So, repeating things can be considered as another opportunity to experience something fully. Repetition allows you to dig deeper into a specific experience, such as seeing things that you didn’t see the first time. A．The comfort of familiarity. B．The pleasure of repetition in music. C．It then helps bring you closer to your desired outcome. D．You normally miss out on most parts of a new experience. E．The work will be difficult to remember if it changes all the time. F．Examples from the world of sports and music illustrate its commonness. G．It also allows learners to identify and correct mistakes overlooked before. 四、完形填空 My year started with a plan. I was finally going to garden. I’d done the research, bought all the supplies and 35 a spot in my yard. In my journal, I 36 my gardening goals, 37 to have a garden full of flowers. Picturing the dahlias (大丽花) flowering 38 made me excited. All spring I ran myself 39 , carrying buckets of water and baskets of fertilizer (肥料). But despite all my hard work, my poor plants were hardly 40 . I watched as my neighbors’ gardens 41 with flowers growing tall and strong. By summer’s end, all I’d managed to 42 were just a few sad and sickly plants. The dahlia never 43 . That fall, an early frost wiped out my plants for good. I stared at the 44 plants. I couldn’t believe I had nothing to show for all my hard work. It seemed that the hobby wasn’t for me. Should I just 45 gardening? In November, we got our first snowfall of the year. It wasn’t much, but it 46 yard in a soft powder. Except ... I looked out the window and spotted a little of 47 within the white blanket. Was it possible? I 48 outside. There, on the dahlia plant, was a beautiful flower. I was 49 to try gardening again next year, in a sunnier place. Dahlia showed me anything was possible. 35．A．cleared B．marked C．measured D．designed 36．A．gave away B．wrote down C．made up D．crossed out 37．A．choosing B．promising C．hoping D．agreeing 38．A．gradually B．secretly C．immediately D．fully 39．A．annoyed B．worried C．disappointed D．tired 40．A．dying B．waving C．surviving D．recognizing 41．A．doubled B．erupted C．ended D．settled 42．A．grow B．gather C．harvest D．save 43．A．recovered B．flowered C．adapted D．disappeared 44．A．fresh B．rare C．dead D．beautiful 45．A．consider B．practise C．appreciate D．quit 46．A．coated B．painted C．maintained D．displayed 47．A．sunlight B．color C．dust D．ice 48．A．lay B．sat C．ran D．hid 49．A．bored B．puzzled C．satisfied D．determined 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels in recent years. 50 (transform) solar energy into electricity with high efficiency and low cost, these devices have drawn global attention from researchers and industries alike. A team at South China Normal University recently made a breakthrough: their new PSC maintains 96.5% of 51 (it) original performance after 1,000 hours of continuous sunlight 52 (expose), a figure far exceeding the industry average. The key to this achievement lies in a redesigned structure — it was the hole transport layer that was prone to degradation under heat, so they removed it and added a custom-made electron transport layer 53 (equip) with advanced nanomaterials (纳米材料). 54 makes this technology revolutionary is that the new PSC works 55 (reliable) in harsh conditions, 56 high humidity and extreme temperatures. For over a year, the cell 57 (put) through strict stability trials, and the team has completed 500 rounds of tests so far, all of 58 results have met the expected standards. Its flexible design also makes the PSC suitable 59 aerospace and outdoor applications. The team has applied for three core patents and related technical achievements, which will lay a solid foundation for its future commercialization and help advance the global transition to clean energy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $