Unit5 知识点 -2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

Unit5 Welcome课文要点全解 1 Wait in line patiently耐心排队等候 (1) wait in line 排队等候 wait in line with sb 与某人一起排队等候考点微 You are supposed to wait in line with others instead of cutting in line.你应该和其他人一起排队等候，而不是插队。 拓展 in line with 与……成一排 cut in line 插队 stand in line 站队 Now your car is in line with theirs. 现在你的小汽车和他们的成一排了。 (2) patiently〔副词〕耐心地 She sat patiently waiting for her turn. 她耐心地坐着等候轮到自己。 拓展 patient ①〔形容词〕能忍耐的，有耐心的 be patient with sb 对某人有耐心 The teacher was patient enough to explain every point to us.老师有足够的耐心，向我们解释了每一个要点。 ②〔可数名词〕病人，患者课 The patient has just had an eye operation. 这位病人刚刚做了眼部手术。 (扬州邗江区阶段检测) 真题链接 用单词的适当形式填空。 The manager explained the problem so that all the people were very happy.(patient) 解析 我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。此处修饰动词 explained，应用可作形容词的patient(耐心的)的副词形式 patiently。句意:经理非常耐心地解释了这个问题，所有的人都非常高兴。 答案 patiently 2 Congratulations, Shirley.祝贺你，雪莉。 congratulations〔名词〕(复数形式)祝贺 可单独使用，也可在其后接 on的介词短语来说明因何事而祝贺或接 to 的介词短语说明向谁祝贺。 send your congratulations to sb 向某人致以祝贺You' ve won the game. Congratulations! 你赢得了比赛，祝贺！ Congratulations on passing your exam. 祝贺你通过了考试。 Congratulations to you on winning first prize. 祝贺你获得一等奖。 3 And don't forget to return to class on time.而且别忘了准时回班里。 辨析: on time与 in time on time 准时；按时 指按规定的时间或指定的时间做某事 in time 指不迟到或在规定时间之前或接近所规定的时间做某事 I finished the work on time.我按时完成了工作。 The doctors arrived in time.医生及时赶到了。 Reading 课文要点全解 1For example, they normally use nin to address others in a formal situation.例如，在正式场合，他们通常用“您”来称呼他人。 (1) address ①〔动词〕称呼(某人)；冠以(某种称呼) address sb as…称某人为……(强调使用的称呼) address sb by…以……称呼某人(强调称呼的方式或依据) There are different ways to address them. 有不同的方式来称呼他们。 We address him as“Professor”. 我们称他为“教授”。 He is addressed by his last name.人们以他的姓氏称呼他。 ②〔动词〕写(收信人)姓名地址；致函 be addressed(信件等)被写上姓名地址；(函件等)被寄给 The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered to the wrong house.信上的姓名地址写得都对，但被错投到另一家去了。 ③〔名词〕住址；地址；通信处 home address 住址 What's your name and address? 你的姓名和住址是什么? I' ll give you my address and phone number. 我会告诉你我的地址和电话号码。 ④〔名词〕(互联网等的)地址 email address 电子邮件地址 The project has a new web address. 这个项目有个新的网址。 (2)辨析: others, other, the other,the others与 another ①others 作代词,泛指“其他人”或“其他事物”,相当于“other+复数名词”，其后不能接名词。Some people like singing; others like dancing. 有些人喜欢唱歌，有些人喜欢跳舞。 ②other“别的，其他的”，表示泛指，其后常接复数名词。 We study Chinese, English, maths and other subjects.我们学习语文、英语、数学和其他课程。 ③the other 强调两者中的另外一个，常用于one... the other...(一个……另一个……)结构中。the other后可接单数名词，也可不接名词。I have two dogs. One is black, and the other is white.我有两只狗。一只是黑色的，另一只是白色的。 ④the others 指整体中除去一部分之后剩余的全体,相当于“the other+复数名词”,其后不能再跟名词。 This article is better than the others. 这篇文章比其他的更好。 ⑤another 可用作限定词或代词，用于泛指三者或三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”。 This pair of shoes is too big for me. Please show me another(pair). 这双鞋我穿太大了。请给我另一双。 (内蒙古包头中考) 真题链接 Some animals move from one place to at certain times of the year. A. another B. other C. the other D. others 解析我们可用“句意分析法”解答此题。another表示三者或三者以上中的“另一个”; other意为“其他的”，其后常接复数名词；the other表示两者中的“另一个”；others意为“其他的人或物”。结合选项可知，句意为“一些动物在每年的特定时间从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方”。此处泛指三个或三个以上地方中的一个，应用 another。 答案 A 2 If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can't go wrong with nin.你如果想对他人表示礼貌和尊重，用“您”准错不了。 politeness〔名词〕礼貌 out of politeness出于礼貌 basic politeness基本礼貌 with politeness礼貌地 show politeness to sb 对某人表现出礼貌 He stood up out of politeness and offered her his seat.他出于礼貌站了起来，并把座位让给她。 拓展①polite〔形容词〕礼貌的 be polite to sb 对某人有礼貌 The students are polite to their teachers. 学生们对他们的老师很有礼貌。 ②impolite〔形容词〕失礼的,粗鲁的,不礼貌的 It's impolite to shout at others. 朝别人叫嚷是不礼貌的。 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 真题链接 (南京外国语学校期末) He seems so (polite) that no one wants to work with him. 解析 我们可用“句意分析法”解答此题。此处填形容词与 seem构成系表结构；根据 noone wants to work with him 可知,此处指“他似乎很不礼貌”；polite意为“礼貌的”，应填它的反义词 impolite(不礼貌的)。句意：他似乎很不礼貌，没人愿意和他一起工作。 答案 impolite 3 I' ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise.我还意识到，在面对赞美时，中国人的表现与英国人不同。 (1) realize (= realise)〔动词〕 ①意识到 其后可接名词(短语)或从句作宾语。realize one's mistake意识到某人的错误It is realized that…人们意识到…… Today, more and more people start to realize the importance of saving food. 如今，越来越多的人开始意识到节约食物的重要性。 Not many people realize that helping others is helping themselves.没有多少人意识到帮助别人就是帮助他们自己。 It is realized that teamwork is very important.人们意识到团队合作非常重要。 ②实现 其宾语常为 dream(梦想), aim(目标)等。 realize one's dream 实现某人的梦想 fully realize 完全实现 Tom has realized his dream of becoming a scientist.汤姆实现了他成为科学家的梦想。 (2) behave〔动词〕表现 后常跟副词或介词。 其名词形式为 behaviour(行为；举止；态度；表现方式)。 behave well/ badly 表现好/不好 behave like…表现得像…… behave… towards sb 对某人表现出……态度 behave oneself 举止得体、守规矩(反身代词需随主语变化) He behaved well in class. 他在课堂上表现得很好。 Please behave yourself at the party. 在聚会上请举止得体。 He always behaves in a friendly manner towards us.他始终对我们表现出友善。 (3) praise ①〔名词〕称赞，赞美 in praise of称赞，赞美 sing sb's praises 高度赞扬某人 give praise to sb 表扬某人 receive praise from sb 得到某人的称赞 All of the groups performed well on the school open day and received praise from the visitors.在学校开放日，所有小组都表现得很好，获得了参观者的称赞。 ②〔动词〕称赞，赞美 praise sb for(doing) sth 因(做)某事而赞美某人 We praised her musical ability. 我们赞美她的音乐才能。 Mary was praised by her leader yesterday. 昨天玛丽受到了领导的表扬。 She praised her daughter for her hard work.她赞美她女儿的辛勤工作。 (湖北襄阳中考) 真题链接 —— Why does our chemistry teacher often her? —— Because she gets full marks in chemistry every time. A. praise B. forget C. control D. hurt 解析 我们可用“联系上下文法”解答此题。praise“称赞,赞美”; forget“忘记”; control“控制”；hurt“伤害”。由答语句意“因为她每次在化学考试中都得满分”可知，问句问为什么化学老师经常“表扬”她，故选 praise。 答案 A 4 If someone says my Chinese is good, I' ll be pleased and tell them I love learning the language.如果有人说我的中文很好，我会高兴，并告诉他们我喜欢学习这门语言。 pleased〔形容词〕高兴；满意的；愉快 be pleased with…对……满意 be pleased to do sth乐意做某事 be pleased for sb 为某人感到高兴 Sb is pleased(that)…某人很高兴…… You' re coming? I'm so pleased. 你要来呀？我太高兴了。 Her mother is pleased with me. 她母亲对我很满意。 I'm very pleased for you both. 我为你们俩感到高兴。 I'm really pleased(that) you' re feeling better. 你觉得好些了，我真高兴。 5 But when I praise my Chinese friends,instead of saying“thank you”, they often smile and reply,“Nali, nali.”但当我赞美我的中国朋友时，他们通常会微笑着回答“哪里，哪里”，而不是说“谢谢”。 辨析: reply与 answer 是普通用语，既可用作及物动词，包括用口头、也可用作不及物动词， answer书面或行动 多用于回答问题或接 回答 电话 I didn't reply to him.我没有答复他。 He replied that he might go. 他回答说他可能去。 He answered my question. 他回答了我的问题。 拓展 reply〔名词〕回答;答复 I asked him, but he gave no reply. 我问了他，但他没有回答。 6 They are too modest to accept praise openly.他们太谦虚了，不会公开接受赞美。 openly 〔副词〕公开地，毫不隐瞒地 Can you talk openly about it with your parents?你可以跟父母敞开谈这件事吗? They would never cry openly. 他们从不当众哭泣。 拓展 open ①〔动词〕打开 Open the door and let fresh air in. 打开门透点儿新鲜空气。 ②〔形容词〕开着的；营业的 此时反义词为 closed(关闭的；停止营业的)。 Keep the window open. It's hot inside. 让窗户开着吧，里面很热。 7 One day, my host was nice enough to invite me to dinner, and he was so hospitable.有一天，我的房东非常友好地邀请我共进晚餐，他非常好客。 host ①〔名词〕主人 host family寄宿家庭 She stayed with an American host family. 她和一个美国寄宿家庭住在一起。 ②〔名词〕东道主；主办国(或城市、机构) the host nation/ country/ city 主办国/国家/城市 Beijing is the host city to this event. 北京是这次活动的主办城市。 ③〔名词〕(电视或广播的)节目主持人a radio/TV host电台/电视节目主持人The event will be opened by this TV host.这次活动将由这位电视节目主持人揭幕。 ④〔动词〕主办；主持 host an event/a meeting 主办活动/主持会议South Africa hosted the World Cup finals.南非主办了世界杯决赛。 The Arts Centre is hosting an art festival this summer.艺术中心今年夏天将主办一个艺术节。 8 I ate so much because I was too polite to refuse！我吃了很多，因为我太有礼貌了，不好意思拒绝！ refuse ①〔及物动词〕拒绝 其常用搭配有： a. refuse+名词/代词 拒绝…… He refused my help. 他拒绝了我的帮助。 b. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 He refused to accept my invitation. 他拒绝接受我的邀请。 c. refuse sb sth 拒绝某人某物 She can't refuse him anything. 她不能拒绝他任何事情。 ②〔不及物动词〕拒绝，回绝 She asked him to leave, but he refused. 她叫他走，但是他拒绝了。 (扬州中考) 真题链接 ——I offered Sandy a helping hand. However, she it. —— Maybe she can manage herself. A. received B. returned C. refused D. rewarded 解析 我们可用“联系上下文法”解答此题。receive“收到”;return“归还;回来”; refuse“拒绝”;reward“奖励,奖赏”。由上文句意“我向桑迪伸出援助之手”及下文句意“也许她能自己设法完成”可知，此处表示“然而，她拒绝了”,故选 refused。 答案 C 9They usually ask if everything is OK or if you want another drink. 他们通常会问一切是否安好，或者你是否想再来一杯。 if②〔连词〕 ①是否 用于引导宾语从句。 I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。 ②如果 引导条件状语从句。主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 If it is fine tomorrow, we' ll have a picnic. 如果明天天气好，我们将去野餐。 (镇江阶段检测) 真题链接 —— Li Ming is making his travelling plan for the New Year's Day. —— Really?I wonder . A. whether will he go to Beijing B. that he will go with his wife C. that he would travel by train D. if he will travel to a faraway place 解析 我们可用“语法分析法”解答此题。空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A项；根据空格前面的I wonder可知，后面应表示疑问语气,故排除B、C; if he will travel to a far away place意为“他是否会去远方旅行”。故选 D。 答案 D 10It can be hard at first to get used to all these differences.刚开始要适应所有这些差异可能很难。 get used to sth 习惯于/适应某事(或某物) get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 I get used to this school now. 我现在适应这所学校了。 She gets used to it. 她习惯它了。 He gets used to playing basketball after school.他习惯放学后打篮球了。 Grammar 课文要点全解 1 To enjoy world travel fully, avoid too much planning all at once.为了充分享受环球旅行，避免同时做过多的计划。 fully〔副词〕 ①完全地；全部地；充分地 fully support sth 完全支持某事 be fully aware of充分意识到 I fully understand you. 我完全理解你。 She fully recovered from the accident. 事故后她完全恢复过来。 She fully supports her daughter's plans. 她完全支持女儿的计划。 We are fully aware of the dangers. 我们充分意识到危险。 ②整整；足足 It took me fully three hours to finish the model plane.我花了整整三个小时才做完这个飞机模型。 2 Don't talk too loudly.不要说话太大声。 辨析: loudly, aloud与 loud loudly副词 “大声地；吵闹地”，相当于loud的副词用法，含有“吵闹”的意思 常与 knock,ring等连用 aloud 副词 “大声地” 常与 call, shout, cry等连用 “出声地” 常与 read等连用 loud 形容词 “响亮的；大声 可作定语或的；吵闹的” 表语 副词 “响亮地;大声 常与 talk,地”,常指说话 speak, sing,声和笑声 laugh等连用 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然，墙上的铃大声地响起来。 That hungry baby cried aloud. 那个饥饿的婴儿大哭起来。 Please read the conversation aloud. 请朗读一下对话。 The music is too loud. Please turn it down.这音乐太吵了，请把声音调低。 She is speaking in a loud voice.她正在大声说话。 Speak loud, please, or no one will hear you. 请大声说，否则没人能听见你说话。 3 Don't walk too fast in case you run into someone.不要走太快，以免撞到别人。 (1) in case 以防万一 in case of如果；假使 in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话 You'd better take the keys in case I'm out. 你最好带上钥匙以防我不在家。 In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 如遇火警，即按警铃。 —I' ve made up my mind.我已经拿定主意了。 — In that case, there's no point discussing it.既然如此，讨论这件事就毫无意义了。 (2) run into 撞上 ① run into sb撞上某人；偶然遇见/碰到某人The bike went out of control and ran into a man.自行车失控，撞上了一位男子。 Guess who I ran into today！ 猜猜我今天碰见谁了！ ② run into sth a.撞上某物；途中遭遇(恶劣天气) He was checking his phone and almost ran into the glass door.他当时在查看手机，差点儿撞上玻璃门。 We ran into thick fog on the way home.在回家的路上，我们遇上了大雾。 b.遇到(困难等) run into danger/ trouble/ difficulties 遭遇危险/麻烦/困难 c.达到(某种水平或数量) Her income runs into six figures. 她的收入达到了六位数。 拓展 run sth into sb/ sth开(车)撞上 He ran his car into a tree.他开车撞上了一棵树。 4 Also, they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way.而且，当你挡着他们的路时，他们太友善了，不会从你身边挤过去。 (1) push ①〔动词〕挤开；推动 其反义词为 pull“拉”。 push hard使劲推 push at sth推某物 push… away推开…… Push hard when I tell you to. 我叫你推时，你就使劲推。 You push and I' ll pull.你推，我拉。 She pushed at the door but it wouldn't move.她推了推门，但门纹丝不动。 He walked slowly up the hill pushing his bike.他推着自行车缓缓爬上山。 ②〔动词〕按 Push the elevator button.按电梯按钮。 ③〔名词〕推；努力 Tom is swinging. Please give him a push. 汤姆在荡秋千，请推他一下。 (2) past ①〔介词〕在另一边，到另一侧 He hurried past them without stopping. 他匆匆走过他们身边，连停都没停。 ②〔介词〕晚于；在……之后 It is half past ten.现在是10点半。 ③〔介词〕多于；超过 The flowers are past their best. 这些花已过了盛开的季节。 ④〔形容词〕过去的 在名词前作定语。 in past years 在过去的岁月 over the past ten years在过去的10年间 ⑤〔名词〕过去 in the past过去，以前 We lived in an old house in the past. 在过去，我们住在一所旧房子里。 ⑥〔副词〕(从旁边)经过 I heard her singing in the room when I walked past.我经过时听到她正在房间里唱歌。 (3) in one's way 挡着……的路 in the way妨碍，挡道 A group of sheep are in our way. 一群绵羊挡住了我们的路。 Your hobby got in the way of your studies. 你的爱好妨碍了你的学业。 拓展 on one's way to在某人去……的路上 I met Tom on my way to school. 在上学的路上，我遇见了汤姆。 (南京建邺区新城中学期末) 真题链接 根据汉语提示补全句子。 如果你挡住了他们的路，他们不会触碰你或推开你。 If you are , they won't touch you or push past you. 解析 我们可用“固定搭配法”解答此题。根据中英文可知，空格处缺少“挡住了他们的路”的英文表达, in one's way为固定搭配,意为“挡着⋯⋯的路”;根据 they可知,此处用 they的形容词性物主代词 their,故填 in their way。 答案 in their way 5 join the discussion 加入讨论 discussion〔名词〕讨论 have a discussion about sth 就某事进行讨论have a discussion with sb与某人进行讨论The question is now under discussion. 这个问题现在在讨论中。 拓展 discuss〔及物动词〕讨论 discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论某事 You can discuss the question with them. 你可以和他们讨论这个问题。 (镇江中考) 真题链接 根据句意和汉语提示写出单词。 After a heated (讨论), the headmasters from different schools reached an agreement. 解析 根据空格前的a可知，此处应用可数名词的单数形式,故填 discussion。句意:一场激烈的讨论后，来自不同学校的校长达成了协议。 答案 discussion 6 He would never lie or cheat.他从不撒谎或欺骗。cheat ①〔不及物动词〕作弊 I won't help you cheat.我不会帮你作弊的。 ②〔及物动词〕欺骗；蒙骗 常指用不诚实的手段骗人(钱财)。 cheat sb(out) of sth 从某人处骗取某物 How dare you cheat us?你怎么敢欺骗我们? The man cheated her out of her money. 那名男子骗了她的钱。 ③〔可数名词〕骗子 It's silly of you to believe a cheat. 你相信一个骗子的话，真是太愚蠢了。 7 If he promised others something, he always kept his word.如果他向别人承诺了什么，他总是信守诺言。 (1) promise ①〔动词〕承诺；许诺 常用于以下三种结构： a. promise sb sth 许诺某人某事/某物 My aunt promised me a bike. 我姑姑答应给我(买)一辆自行车。 b. promise to do sth 许诺做某事 My mother promised to buy a piano forme.我妈妈许诺给我买一架钢琴。 c. promise+ that从句 承诺…… Tom promises that he is going to learn another foreign language.汤姆承诺要再学一门外语。 ②〔可数名词〕承诺；诺言 make promises/a promise(to sb) (向某人)许诺/承诺 make a promise to do sth 承诺做某事 keep a promise 遵守诺言 break a promise 违背诺言 He often makes promises to his parents,but hardly ever keeps them.他经常向父母许诺，但几乎从不遵守它们。 (2) keep one’ s word 信守诺言 She always keeps her word, so you can trust her.她总是信守诺言，所以你可以相信她。 You have to keep your word if you want to be respected.你如果想得到尊重，就必须信守诺言。拓展其反义词组是 break one’ s word,表示“违背承诺；失信”。 He broke his word and didn't come to the meeting.他失信了，没来参加会议。 8 He was too honest to take others' things,even though no one knew who owned the pear tree.他太诚实了,不会拿别人的东西，即使没人知道这棵梨树是谁的。 (1) even though (= even if)尽管,即使引导让步状语从句。 He didn't give up achieving his dream even though the condition was poor. 虽然条件艰苦,但他没有放弃实现他的梦想。 (呼和浩特中考) 真题链接 he is my favourite singer, I didn't buy his new CD。 A. So that B. Ever since C. Even though D. Because 解析 我们可用“句意分析法”解答此题。So that“以便；因此”，引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句; ever since“自从”,引导时间状语从句;even though“尽管,即使”,引导让步状语从句;because“因为”，引导原因状语从句。由“他是我最喜欢的歌手”与“我没买他的新唱片”可知,应用 even though 引导让步状语从句。 答案 C (2) own ①〔及物动词〕拥有;有 相当于 have。 I have owned these soft toys for two years. 我拥有这些布绒玩具两年了。 ②〔形容词〕自己的 一般位于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后，以加强语气。 This is his own building.这是他自己的楼房。In our culture, the ability to make one’ sown decisions is important.在我们的文化中，自己作决定的能力很重要。 拓展 ①of one’ s own属于某人自己的on one's own单独地,独自地(相当于alone) At last I' ve got a big house of my own. 最终我有了一座属于自己的大房子。 He wants to finish the work on his own. 他想独自完成工作。 ②owner〔名词〕物主;主人 the owner of······的主人 I am the owner of the car. 我是这辆小汽车的主人。 Integration 课文要点全解 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 Chinese people like to sit in a circle ina restaurant because it is easy for big groups to talk and reach the food in the middle.中国人喜欢在餐馆里围坐成一圈，因为这样便于大群体交谈和够到中间的食物。 circle ①〔可数名词〕圆圈；圆形 表示形状。 a circle of sth圆形的…… in circles绕圈 She is drawing a circle.她正在画一个圆圈。 The kids were running in circles in the playground.孩子们在操场上绕着圈跑。 Cut out two circles of paper. 剪出两个圆形纸片。 ②〔可数名词〕圈子，界 表示具有相同兴趣、职业等的人形成的群体。 a circle of friends一群朋友 ③〔动词〕圈出 Listen and circle the words you hear. 听并圈出你所听到的单词。 2 It is usually very peaceful inside because people have to be quiet there.里面通常非常安静，因为人们在那里必须保持安静。 peaceful〔形容词〕安宁的，平静的 它由名词 peace(和平)加后缀-ful派生而来。 We must find a peaceful place to rest. 我们必须找到一个安宁的地方来休息。 拓展 英语中，一些名词加后缀-ful 可构成形容词，表示具有某种性质。 use→ useful有用的 help→ helpful有帮助的 success→ successful成功的；有成就的 colour→ colourful色彩鲜艳的 care→ careful小心的；细致的 wonder→ wonderful精彩的；绝妙的 3 This is quite impolite because it will trouble other visitors.这很不礼貌，因为这会打扰其他参观者。 trouble ①〔及物动词〕使烦恼；使苦恼 trouble… deeply使……深为烦恼 That thing is troubling me these days. 这几天，那件事一直使我苦恼。 ②〔及物动词〕麻烦 trouble sb with sth为某事麻烦某人 trouble sb to do sth麻烦某人做某事 Sorry to trouble you, but could you tell me the time? 对不起打扰您一下，请问几点了？ I don't want to trouble you with such a small problem. 我不想为了这个小问题麻烦你。 Could I trouble you to open the window,please? 劳驾，请您把窗户打开好吗？ ③〔名词〕问题；苦恼 (be) in trouble处于困境中 get into trouble陷入困境，造成麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth = have problems (in) doing sth做某事有困难 What's the trouble with you?你出什么事了？ Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.但是世界上有超过7亿的人在获取干净、安全的水方面有困难。 真题链接 (常州实验初级中学阶段检测改编)根据汉语提示补全句子。 对我们来说，关心处于困境中的同学是很有必要的。 It's necessary for us to care about our classmates 解析 我们可用“固定搭配法”解答此题。由汉语提示可知，空格处应表示“处于困境中”，对应的固定搭配为 in trouble/ in need。故填 introuble 或 in need。 答案 in trouble/ in need 4 Chinese people sometimes greet each other by shaking hands, but British people like to greet one another with a big hug,and sometimes we greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.中国人有时通过握手互相问候，但英国人喜欢用大大的拥抱互相问候，有时我们会用亲吻问候亲戚或亲密朋友。 辨析: sometimes, some times, sometime与 some time sometimes 频度副词 有时 Sometimes I get up (= at very late. times)有时我很晚起床。 some times 名词短语 几次；几倍 I have read the story some times.我读了这个故事好几遍。 sometime 副词 某个时间 I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.下周的某个时间我要去上海。 some time 名词短语 一段时间 I' ll stay here for some time.我将在这儿待一段时间。 注意some time也可表示“某个时候”, - - -此时与 sometime 同义。 5 Eat quietly with your mouth closed, and do not talk with food in your mouth.闭上嘴巴安静地吃，嘴里有食物时不要说话。 quietly〔副词〕安静地;平静地 反义词: noisily〔副词〕吵闹地 The teacher walked into the classroom quietly.老师悄悄地走进教室。 拓展 quiet〔形容词〕安静的 反义词：noisy〔形容词〕吵闹的 My mother asked us to keep quiet. 我母亲叫我们保持安静。 6 Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.除非你得匆忙离开,否则不要匆忙用餐。 (1) rush ①〔动词〕急促 rush to sb’ s aid立刻去帮助某人,火速驰援某人 rush around 四处奔波,忙得团团转 rush to do sth急于/匆忙做某事 We had to rush our meal. 我们只好匆匆忙忙地吃饭。 When she heard the sound, she rushed to the child's aid. 听到那个声音后,她立刻跑过去帮助那个孩子。 I' ve been rushing around all morning to prepare for the party. 我一早上都忙得团团转，为聚会作准备。 When there is a big sale on fresh vegetables, people rush to buy them. 当新鲜蔬菜大降价时，人们纷纷抢购。 ②〔动词〕仓促行事 rush into(doing) sth 仓促做某事 rush sb催促某人 We shouldn't rush into making a decision——let's discuss it first.我们不该仓促作决定,先讨论一下吧。 Don't rush me——I need time to finish the work.别催我，我需要时间完成这项工作。 ③〔动词〕冲，涌 rush into 冲进…… rush out of从……冲出来 Don't rush into the room—— there might be danger inside. 别仓促冲进房间，里面可能有危险。 Students rush out of the classroom when the bell rings.当铃响的时候,学生们从教室里冲出来。 ④〔名词〕匆忙；忙碌 rush hour交通高峰期 Don't travel at rush hour. 不要在交通高峰期出行。 (2) unless〔连词〕除非 引导条件状语从句。如果主 句时态为一般将来时、主句为 祈使句或含有情态动词，unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来。 Unless you work hard, you won't achieve your dream.你除非努力学习，否则不会实现你的梦想。 You will miss the early bus unless you hurry up. 你如果不快点儿，就会错过早班公共汽车。 注意 unless在意义上相当于 if not,因--此在有些情况下二者可以互换。 You will be late if you don't get up now.= You will be late unless you get up now.你如果现在不起床，就会迟到。 (安徽中考)真题链接 You won't fully experience the culture of a foreign country you go there in person. A. Because B. unless C. as soon as D. as long as 解析 我们可用“句意分析法”解答此题。because“因为”,引导原因状语从句;unless“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句；as soon as“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句; as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。根据句意“你将无法完全体验外国文化⋯⋯你亲自去那里”可知，此处应用 unless 引导条件状语从句。 答案 B 7 When you are about to leave, say“thank you”。当你即将离开时，说“谢谢”。 be about to do sth 即将,正要(做某事) 表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。 Sb be about to do sth when...某人刚要做某事，这时…… The plane is about to take off.飞机即将起飞。 I was about to go to bed when someone knocked at the door. 我刚要上床睡觉，这时有人敲门。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $