精品解析：上海市徐汇区2025-2026学年高一上学期学习能力诊断（期末考试）英语试卷

2025学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷 高一英语试卷 （考试时间90分钟，满分100分） 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening comprehension (15%) Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. To the hotel. B. To the airport. C. To the restaurant. D. To the bus stop. 2. A. A police officer. B. A firefighter. C. A reporter. D. A taxi driver. 3. A. Jonathan’s excellent performance. B. Jonathan’s high school. C. Jonathan’s graduation day. D. Jonathan’s study habits. 4. A.$10. B.$15. C.$20. D.$25. 5. A. The woman should go to the wedding. B. The woman should avoid long trips. C. The woman will regret going there. D. The woman will not enjoy the wedding. 6. A. She missed the last bus home. B. She had a fight with her classmate. C. She got caught in the rain. D. She left her coat at school. 7. A. A piece of pic. B. Some coffee. C. A warm room. D. Dinner with friends. 8. A. Buying Max a new chew toy. B. Extending Max’s morning walk. C. Taking Max to the dog park. D. Feeding Max a lower-calorie diet. 9. A. Photograph the view over the lake. B. Watch the streetlights in the city. C. Camp on the beach until morning. D. Observe the northern light in a dark area. 10. A. Do some cleaning. B. Buy party food. C. Call more friends. D. Take a nap. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passage and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 12 are based on the following passage. 11. A. homeless cats will never go through trash bins. B. There may be more noise and mess in the area. C. Garden birds will be hunted by cats more often. D. Rats will disappear from the neighborhood. 12. A. Feed them regularly. B. Drop leftovers on the sidewalk. C. Leave them alone. D. Take responsible actions. Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following conversation. 13. A. Watering plants and taking out garbage. B. Cleaning bathrooms and sweeping the floor. C. Washing dishes and cleaning the house. D. Cooking meals and tidying up the room. 14. A. They don’t like doing housework. B. They are busy with their study. C. They are too young to do housework. D. They are not good at housework. 15. A. Kids should focus more on housework than study. B. The woman shouldn’t overemphasize her kids’ school performance. C. The woman’s job is more important than her kids’ schoolwork. D. It is the mother’s duty to take care of all the housework. Ⅱ. Grammar (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Volunteer Teaching in Guizhou After a long, exhausting day, Zhou finally dragged himself back to his tiny room. He ____1____(work) non-stop for thirteen hours before he came back home. Tomorrow’s lessons still waited to be planned, so there was no time to rest. This ____2____ (become) Zhou’s daily routine ever since he arrived in Guizhou Province. A year earlier he graduated from university and obtained his teaching certificate. His parents, like most parents, dreamed that he ____3____ (find) a well-paid job in a big city. Likewise his friends packed their bags and headed for big cities like Shanghai or Beijing. Zhou felt differently, however. When he was still a pupil, he met several devoted teachers from remote villages, and he ____4____ (inspire) by them to go and teach where he was needed the most. For that reason he applied, and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. Bringing with him lots of books, Zhou traveled to the village ____5____ an eager heart. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village. However, not everything lived up to his hope. The school was much smaller than he had expected with only three classrooms ____6____ walls were covered with dust. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ____7____ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable so he could only shower every three or four days. What made ____8____ harder was that the village was cut off from the outside world by heavy rains several times last month. More than once the thought of giving up flashed through his mind, but he refused to quit. He promised himself that he ____9____ (not leave) the children who needed him. Now, after half a year of hard work, the children’s smiles and progress have made all his efforts worthwhile. He often shares stories about the children ____10____ he is proud with his old classmates, and he has never regretted his decision. 【答案】1. had worked ##had been working 2. has become 3. would find 4. was inspired 5. with 6. whose 7. that##which 8. it 9. would not leave 10. of whom 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述大学生周某毕业后放弃大城市工作机会，前往贵州乡村支教的经历，描写了支教生活的艰辛，以及他坚守初心、从孩子们的成长中获得价值感的故事。 【1题详解】 考查时态。句意：回家前，他已经连续工作了13个小时。“工作”的动作发生在“回家”之前，是过去的过去，需用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，表示过去动作一直持续到过去某个时间点。故填had worked或had been working。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：自从来到贵州省，这就成了周某的日常。时间状语ever since（自从）是现在完成时的标志，主语this是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。 【3题详解】 考查时态。句意：和大多数父母一样，他的父母梦想着他能在大城市找到一份高薪工作。动词dream后接宾语从句，表示过去要发生的事情，用过去将来时，结构为would + 动词原形。故填would find。 【4题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：他被这些老师激励，想去最需要他的地方教书。主语he与动词inspire是被动关系（被激励），且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词。故填was inspired。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意：周带着许多书，满怀热忱地前往这个村子。此处用介词with表示“带着、怀着”，后接名词短语an eager heart作伴随状语。故填with。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：这所学校比他预想的小得多，只有三间墙壁布满灰尘的教室。先行词是three classrooms，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰walls，需用whose表示“……的”。故填whose。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：教室前面有一个操场，刮风天会积满灰尘，下雨天则变得泥泞不堪。先行词是a playground，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 【8题详解】 考查代词。句意：更糟糕的是，上个月这个村子好几次因为暴雨与外界失联。此处用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句，构成“make it + 形容词”的结构。故填it。 【9题详解】 考查时态。句意：他向自己承诺，不会离开这些需要他的孩子们。promised后接宾语从句，从句需用过去将来时，表示从过去的角度看将要发生的动作，否定形式为would not + 动词原形。故填would not leave。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：他经常和老同学分享那些让他感到自豪的孩子们的故事,他从未后悔过自己的这个决定。先行词是children，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，且与be proud构成搭配be proud of，此处介词of可提前，用of whom引导定语从句；故填of whom。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A (10%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Nature’s Cry for Help Human activities have caused great damage to nature, and the results are getting harder to avoid. For hundreds of years, we have used natural resources without control, ____11____ forests for wood, draining wetlands to make farmland, and digging out fossil fuels for energy. These actions not only destroy animals’ homes but also break the ____12____ of ecosystems. Deforestation is a striking example. Vast areas of rainforests, once called the “lungs of the Earth,” have disappeared. ____13____, countless species lose their homes and face extinction. Meanwhile, the loss of trees ____14____ the planet’s ability to absorb carbon dioxide, worsening global warming. The rising temperatures, in turn, melt polar ice and raise sea levels, threatening coastal communities worldwide. ____15____ makes nature’s pain even worse. Industrial waste poisons rivers and oceans, killing sea creatures and making water unsafe to use. Air pollution from factories and cars creates thick smog, which harms both people’s health and the growth of plants. Even faraway areas are ____16____. Plastic waste has been found in the deepest parts of the ocean and on the highest mountain tops. Nature’s damage is not an ____17____ issue; it is closely linked to human survival. If we continue to ____18____ the warnings, we will lose the natural systems that sustain us. However, it is not too late to act. By protecting remaining ecosystems, reducing pollution, and promoting sustainable development, we can begin to heal the damage and ensure a livable planet. ____19____ actions also matter. Simple steps like reducing plastic use and planting trees can contribute to the collective effort. Although the scale of damage is large, every small change adds up. ____20____, future generations will thank us for preserving the beauty and vitality of nature. 11. A. protecting B. clearing C. growing D. observing 12 A. range B. balance C. structure D. footprint 13. A. As a result B. In contrast C. On the contrary D. For example 14. A. improves B. prevents C. reduces D. removes 15. A. Competition B. Pollution C. Industry D. Technology 16. A. benefited B. concerned C. affected D. explored 17. A. isolated B. private C. urgent D. complicated 18. A. invite B. ignore C. inspire D. issue 19. A. Official B. Collective C. Public D. Individual 20. A. Surprisingly B. Immediately C. Eventually D. Suddenly 【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述人类无节制的活动对自然造成严重破坏，包括乱砍滥伐、污染环境等行为，强调生态破坏与人类生存息息相关，并呼吁从个人到集体共同采取行动保护自然。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：数百年来，我们毫无节制地利用自然资源，砍伐森林获取木材，排干湿地开垦农田，开采化石燃料获取能源。A. protecting保护；B. clearing清理、砍伐；C. growing种植；D. observing观察。根据前文“we have used natural resources without control”以及根据“for wood”的目的以及人类破坏自然的语境，此处指砍伐森林。故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些行为不仅破坏动物的家园，还打破了生态系统的平衡。A. range范围；B. balance平衡；C. structure结构；D. footprint足迹。根据前文“These actions not only destroy animals’ homes”以及后文“ ecosystems”可知，破坏行为打破了生态系统的平衡。故选B项。 【13题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：结果，无数物种失去家园，面临灭绝。A. As a result结果；B. In contrast相比之下；C. On the contrary相反；D. For example例如。前文提到雨林消失，后文是这一现象带来的后果，“as a result”用于引出结果。故选A项。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，树木的减少降低了地球吸收二氧化碳的能力，加剧了全球变暖。A. improves改善；B. prevents阻止；C. reduces降低；D. removes移除。根据前文“the loss of trees”树木是吸收二氧化碳的主要载体，树木减少会直接降低地球的碳吸收能力。故选C项。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：污染让大自然的痛苦雪上加霜。A. Competition竞争；B. Pollution污染；C. Industry工业；D. Technology技术。后文提到工业废水、空气污染、塑料垃圾等内容，都是污染的具体表现。故选B项。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是偏远地区也受到影响。在海洋最深处和高山之巅都发现了塑料垃圾。A. benefited受益；B. concerned关心；C. affected影响；D. explored探索。根据后文“Plastic waste has been found in the deepest parts of the ocean and on the highest mountain tops”可知，塑料垃圾出现在人迹罕至的地方，说明这些地区也被污染波及。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自然的破坏不是一个孤立的问题，它与人类的生存息息相关。A. isolated孤立的；B. private私人的；C. urgent紧急的；D. complicated复杂的。根据“closely linked to human survival”可知，这个问题和人类生存紧密相连，并非孤立存在。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视这些警告，我们将失去维系我们生存的自然系统。A. invite邀请；B. ignore忽视；C. inspire激励；D. issue发布。根据后文“we will lose the natural systems that sustain us”提到失去自然系统的严重后果，前提是人类对警告置之不理。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：个人行动也同样重要。A. Official官方的；B. Collective集体的；C. Public公共的；D. Individual个人的。后文“Simple steps like reducing plastic use and planting trees can contribute to the collective effort”提到“减少塑料使用、种树”这些简单的举措，都属于个人可以做到的事。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，子孙后代会感谢我们守护了自然的美丽与生机。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Immediately立刻；C. Eventually最终；D. Suddenly突然。根据后文“future generations will thank us for preserving the beauty and vitality of nature.”可知，保护自然的行动在当下进行，其积极影响会在未来显现，“eventually”体现最终的结果。故选C项。 Section B (22%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Hi, Fred It’s been a while since we have been in touch. How has your semester been? I wanted to send an email update to let you know how things have been going during my semester abroad here in Málaga, Spain. I’ve already been here for six weeks, and I feel like I am finally adapting to the culture. I’m also speaking the language more fluently. I arrived during the first week of September. The weather has been very nice. Even though it’s October, it’s still rather sunny and warm. In fact, I went to the beach and swam in the Mediterranean Sea earlier today. I am living with a very welcoming host family. I have my own private bedroom, but we eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner together. On Sundays, we eat a big home-cooked paella for lunch. In Spain, lunch is usually the biggest meal of the day. It’s also very common for the people to take a midday nap right after a big meal. I am actually just waking up from my nap right now! On weekdays, I take classes at the local university. There, I met several native Spanish speakers. They have been very kind and patient with me. At first, I struggled to comprehend their Spanish, but now I understand most of our conversations. They have commented that my Spanish has improved a lot since we first met. Now, I am more confident to use the language in other places like stores and restaurants. I am so glad that I decided to spend the semester here in Spain. We have an extended weekend coming up, so a group of my friends and I are going to travel to France for four days. It’s so easy and inexpensive to travel internationally in Europe. I love it! I look forward to hearing from you soon. Like I said, don’t hesitate to stay in touch more often. Perhaps you could even come to visit! What do you think? Best wishes, Patrick 21. What is Patrick’s main purpose in writing this email? A. To persuade Fred to study Spanish in Spain. B. To describe his cultural adaptation to Fred. C. To complain about the new life in Spain. D. To ask Fred for advice on travelling to France. 22. Which of the following can be inferred about Patrick’s Spanish before he arrived in Málaga? A. He had never studied Spanish before. B. He could speak it fluently but lacked confidence. C. He had classroom knowledge but struggled with real-life conversations. D. He understood it better than the native university students. 23. The underlined word “paella” most probably refers to ______. A. a set of tableware B. a common meal C. a small snack D. a sweet dessert 24. What does Patrick imply about travelling within Europe? A. It is expensive and requires extensive planning. B. It is only possible during summer vacation. C. It is convenient and affordable for students like him. D. It is better to avoid France because it is too crowded. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要是Patrick向Fred分享自己在西班牙马拉加交换留学的生活、学习和旅行计划。 21题详解】 推理判断题。根据邮件内容，Patrick依次讲述了自己适应西班牙文化、语言进步、寄宿家庭生活、大学上课情况以及即将去法国旅行的计划，整体是在向Fred描述自己在海外学期的生活和适应情况。故选B项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“At first, I struggled to comprehend their Spanish, but now I understand most of our conversations. They have commented that my Spanish has improved a lot since we first met. Now, I am more confident to use the language in other places like stores and restaurants. (起初，我很难听懂他们说的西班牙语，但现在我能理解我们大部分的对话了。他们说自从第一次见面以来，我的西班牙语进步了很多。现在，我更有信心在商店和餐馆等其他地方使用这门语言)”可知，Patrick刚到马拉加时，在真实生活场景中交流有困难，后来才逐渐进步，由此推测他此前的西班牙语偏书本知识，实战交流能力较弱。故选C项。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“On Sundays, we eat a big home-cooked paella for lunch. In Spain, lunch is usually the biggest meal of the day. (周日，我们午餐会吃一顿丰盛的家常菜paella。在西班牙，午餐通常是一天中最丰盛的一餐)”可知，paella是Patrick寄宿家庭周日午餐会吃的食物，属于一顿普通的饭菜。故选B项。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“It’s so easy and inexpensive to travel internationally in Europe. (在欧洲进行跨国旅行既便捷又便宜)”可知，Patrick暗示欧洲境内旅行对于他这样的学生来说，既方便又实惠。故选C项。 B As the clock ticks towards midnight on New Year’s Eve, different cultures around the world welcome the new year with unique and meaningful rituals (仪式). These traditions, passed down through generations, are not just about celebration but also carry deep hopes for the coming year. Spain Spain’s New Year is closely linked to a sweet and exact tradition. The minute the clocks strikes midnight, local people gather in squares, especially Madrid’s famous Puerta del Sol, and eat twelve grapes — one for each bell ring. People believe this “twelve-grapes tradition” will bring twelve months of good luck and happiness. When the last grape is eaten, fireworks explode in the night sky, making the square colorful. Cheers and waving national flags fill the air, creating a happy atmosphere. Japan Japan greets January 1 in a quiet and thoughtful way. Families usually get up before dawn to watch the first sunrise of the year, called “hatsu-hinode” — a practice that is thought to bring good luck. After the sunrise, they pray for health, success and peace for their families. Unlike the loud celebrations in other countries, the Japanese stay quiet while temple bells ring 108 times. This number stands for 108 human weaknesses or desires. The bell ringing is meant to wash away these bad things, letting people start the new year with a pure heart. South Africa In South Africa, the city of Cape Town likes loud celebrations more than quick ones to mark the new year. At midnight, the streets become lively with the loud sounds of ship horns from the harbor, car horns and regular drumbeats. A special tradition here is “stepping into” the new year. People jump off chairs, which symbolically leaves behind the troubles and bad luck of the past year. To end the celebrations, a big concert is held at the V&A Waterfront. It finishes with a wonderful fireworks show that lights up the nearby Table Mountain. Bahamas On the warm, sunny islands of the Bahamas, the new year is a celebration of music and dancing. The most exciting part is the “Junkanoo” festival — a lively parade that moves through the streets of Nassau. Colorful groups wearing beautiful, shiny clothes dance to the music of goatskin drums, cowbells and brass instruments. This festival comes from the islands’ African and Caribbean culture. It lasts until early morning, turning the first day of the year into a lively carnival where both local people and tourists join in the fun. 25. Which celebration is described as the noisiest? A. Japan’s temple-bell ringing. B. Spain’s grape eating. C. South Africa’s drum-and-horn welcome. D. The Bahamas’ sunrise prayer. 26. What can we infer about the “Junkanoo” festival in the Bahamas? A. It keeps African and Caribbean culture alive. B. It is a quiet ceremony held inside island temples. C. It is mainly organized for tourists arriving at noon. D. It ends as soon as the clock finishes striking midnight. 27. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Fireworks Around the Globe B. New-Year Customs Worldwide C. Traditional Food for Festivals D. How to Travel on New Year’s Eve 【答案】25. C 26. A 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙、日本、南非和巴哈马四个国家/地区不同的新年庆祝传统，这些传统承载着人们对新年的美好期许。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据Japan中的“Unlike the loud celebrations in other countries, the Japanese stay quiet while temple bells ring 108 times.(与其他国家喧闹的庆祝活动不同，日本人在寺庙钟声敲响108次时保持安静)”、Spain中的“When the last grape is eaten, fireworks explode in the night sky, making the square colorful. Cheers and waving national flags fill the air, creating a happy atmosphere.(当最后一颗葡萄吃下肚，烟花在夜空绽放，将广场装点得五彩斑斓。欢呼声此起彼伏，国旗迎风挥舞，喜悦的氛围弥漫在空气中)”、South Africa中的“At midnight, the streets become lively with the loud sounds of ship horns from the harbor, car horns and regular drumbeats.(午夜时分，港口的船笛声、汽车喇叭声和有节奏的鼓声让街道变得热闹非凡)”以及Bahamas中未提及日出祈祷习俗可知，南非的新年庆祝有船笛、汽车喇叭、鼓声等多种喧闹声音，是描述中最吵闹的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据Bahamas中的“This festival comes from the islands’ African and Caribbean culture. It lasts until early morning, turning the first day of the year into a lively carnival where both local people and tourists join in the fun.(这个节日起源于该群岛的非洲和加勒比文化。它会持续到清晨，将新年的第一天变成一场热闹的狂欢节，当地人和游客都参与其中)”可知，巴哈马的Junkanoo节日起源于非洲和加勒比文化，且至今仍以热闹的形式举办，由此可推断它让这些文化得以传承。故选A项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“As the clock ticks towards midnight on New Year’s Eve, different cultures around the world welcome the new year with unique and meaningful rituals. These traditions, passed down through generations, are not just about celebration but also carry deep hopes for the coming year.(随着新年前夜的时钟滴答走向午夜，世界各地的不同文化都以独特而有意义的仪式迎接新年。这些代代相传的传统，不仅是为了庆祝，更承载着人们对来年的深切希望)”以及下文分别介绍西班牙、日本、南非和巴哈马的新年传统可知，全文核心是介绍全球各地的新年习俗。因此项“全球新年习俗”可以作为本文标题。故选B项。 C A wildfire spreads rapidly through dry bushes and grass toward a group of nearby homes in the hills surrounding a Los Angeles suburb. The plants and decorative landscaping around the first house quickly catch fire, but the house itself remains unharmed, holding firm against the flames. Any small sparks that flicker up along its walls die out almost immediately. What’s surprising is that there are no firefighters or fire extinguishers in sight—yet the house stays safe. The secret is that the flames are being put out by sound waves. This kind of fire control using sound, called acoustic fire suppression, may soon become an important tool in fighting wildfires. To understand how this technology works, we first need to know the basic requirements for a fire to burn. For a fire to keep burning, it needs three key things: heat, fuel, and oxygen. If any one of these is taken away, the fire will stop. Sound waves put out fires by pushing oxygen molecules(分子) away from the fuel, making it impossible for the fire to get the air it needs to keep burning. Jeff Bruder, an engineer who once did energy research at NASA, co-founded a company called Sonic Fire Tech to develop a machine that uses this principle. Bruder explains that the machine makes oxygen move so fast that the fire can’t use it, which stops the burning process effectively. The company has already shown that their device can put out fires from as far as 25 feet away. Using sound to fight fires isn’t a new idea—American research groups and universities have been studying this method for more than ten years. However, Albert Simioni, an expert in fire safety, notes that the main difficulty is making this technology work on a larger scale without producing harmful noise. Sonic Fire Tech has solved this problem by using low-frequency sound waves. While earlier research used sound waves between 30 and 60 hertz (赫兹), Sonic’s device uses waves that are 20 hertz or lower. These low-frequency waves can’t be heard by humans and can travel much farther than higher-pitched sound waves. This technology is especially useful because many homes catch fire during wildfires when small burning pieces of wood (called “embers”） blow into attic vents (阁楼通风口). Sonic’s system uses an electric motor to drive a moving component that creates the sound waves. These waves then travel through metal pipes installed on the roof and under the edges of the house, reaching the vents to stop embers from starting fires inside. 28. What can we infer from the first paragraph about the unharmed house? A. It was built with special fire-resistant materials. B. It was protected by an unusual fire-fighting method. C. The wildfire was too weak to damage it. D. All flammable things were removed in advance. 29. What is the basic working principle of acoustic fire suppression? A. It cuts off the fire’s oxygen supply. B. It reduces the temperature around the fire. C. It prevents the fire from moving fast. D. It creates a barrier to block the fire. 30. Why does Sonic Fire Tech use low-frequency sound waves? A. They are easier to create with simple electric motors. B. They have been fully tested by research institutions. C. They are the only sound waves that can put out fires. D. They can cover larger areas and avoid harmful noise. 31. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To warn people about the danger of wildfires in suburban areas. B. To compare different ways of fighting wildfires in modern times. C. To introduce an innovative sound-based fire-fighting technology. D. To explain the history of sound wave research in fire control. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种利用声波灭火的创新技术，包括其工作原理、优势及实际应用前景。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“What’s surprising is that there are no firefighters or fire extinguishers in sight—yet the house stays safe. (令人惊讶的是，现场看不到消防员和灭火器，但房子却安然无恙)”，以及第二段“The secret is that the flames are being put out by sound waves. (其中的奥秘在于，火焰是被声波扑灭的)”可知，房子没有受损是因为采用了声波灭火这种非同寻常的防火方法。故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Sound waves put out fires by pushing oxygen molecules away from the fuel, making it impossible for the fire to get the air it needs to keep burning. (声波灭火的原理是将氧气分子推离燃料，使火焰无法获得维持燃烧所需的空气)”可知，声波灭火技术的基本工作原理是切断火焰的氧气供应。故选A项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“the main difficulty is making this technology work on a larger scale without producing harmful noise. Sonic Fire Tech has solved this problem by using low-frequency sound waves (主要难点在于让这项技术大规模应用且不产生有害噪音。声波消防技术公司通过使用低频声波解决了这个问题)”和“These low-frequency waves can’t be heard by humans and can travel much farther than higher-pitched sound waves. (这些低频声波人类听不到，且传播距离比高频声波远得多)”可知，该公司使用低频声波的原因是其能覆盖更大范围且不会产生有害噪音。故选D项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章以洛杉矶郊区一栋在野火中安然无恙的房子为切入点，引出声波灭火技术，随后介绍该技术的工作原理、发展难点及解决方案。短文的目的是介绍一种创新的声波灭火技术。故选C项。 Section C (8%) Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There are TWO extra headings which you do not need. Jungle Adventure: A Lesson in Courage Last summer, I joined a jungle expedition with my biology teacher and classmates. At first, I was filled with both excitement and anxiety — would I handle the unknown dangers? Our guide, a local villager named Kael, assured us that preparation was our best protection. We packed lightweight tents, insect repellent, and water purification tablets, and Kael taught us to recognize edible fruits and dangerous plants before we set off. ___32___ The first day in the jungle was a feast for the senses. Tall trees formed a green canopy above us, blocking most of the sunlight. Colorful birds sang unknown melodies, and small monkeys swung from branch to branch, staring at us curiously. We walked along narrow paths, and Kael pointed out interesting creatures: a bright blue butterfly with black spots, a slow-moving snail with a spiral shell, and even a hidden frog that changed color to match its surroundings. ___33___ On the second day, we faced our first challenge. Heavy rain fell overnight, making the path slippery. Halfway through our hike, I lost my balance and nearly fell into a small stream. Luckily, my classmate Lily grabbed my arm just in time. Kael stopped the group and taught us to walk in a “chain” — holding onto each other’s backpacks to stay steady. It was a scary moment, but it made me realize we can only make it through rough ground by leaning on one another. ___34___ The highlight of the trip came on the third day, when we discovered a hidden waterfall. The water crashed down from a high rock, creating a rainbow in the mist. We swam in the cool, clear pool at the base and ate our lunch while listening to the sound of water. Kael told us that this place was rarely visited by outsiders, which made the experience even more special. ___35___ When we returned to the village, I felt a sense of pride I’d never known before. The jungle adventure wasn’t just about seeing new things — it was about overcoming fears, trusting others, and learning to adapt. I learned that courage isn’t the absence of fear, but taking action despite it. That summer memory will stay with me forever, reminding me to embrace new challenges. A. A surprising discovery made the trip unforgettable. B. Careful planning saved us from many hidden risks. C. Teamwork helped us get through a difficult situation. D. The jungle showed us its lively and colorful side. E. I learned valuable lessons from the adventure. F. The dangerous situation made everyone scared. 【答案】32 D 33. C 34. A 35. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一次充满挑战与惊喜的丛林探险，讲述作者和师生在向导带领下的探险经历，以及从中收获勇气与成长的感悟。 【32题详解】 根据下文“The first day in the jungle was a feast for the senses. Tall trees formed a green canopy above us, blocking most of the sunlight. Colorful birds sang unknown melodies, and small monkeys swung from branch to branch, staring at us curiously. We walked along narrow paths, and Kael pointed out interesting creatures: a bright blue butterfly with black spots, a slow-moving snail with a spiral shell, and even a hidden frog that changed color to match its surroundings. (丛林探险的第一天堪称一场感官盛宴。高大的树木在我们头顶交织成一片绿色的穹顶，遮蔽了大部分阳光。色彩斑斓的鸟儿唱着陌生的旋律，小巧的猴子在树枝间荡来荡去，好奇地打量着我们。我们沿着狭窄的小径前行，凯尔为我们指出各种有趣的生物：一只带着黑斑的亮蓝色蝴蝶、一只背着螺旋壳的慢吞吞的蜗牛，甚至还有一只能根据周围环境变换体色来隐藏自己的青蛙)”可知，该段描绘了丛林鲜活多彩的自然景象。D选项The jungle showed us its lively and colorful side.(丛林向我们展现了它生机勃勃、色彩斑斓的一面)精准概括本段主旨，适合作小标题。故选D项。 【33题详解】 根据下文“On the second day, we faced our first challenge. Heavy rain fell overnight, making the path slippery. Halfway through our hike, I lost my balance and nearly fell into a small stream. Luckily, my classmate Lily grabbed my arm just in time. Kael stopped the group and taught us to walk in a “chain” — holding onto each other’s backpacks to stay steady. It was a scary moment, but it made me realize we can only make it through rough ground by leaning on one another. (第二天，我们遭遇了此行的第一个挑战。昨夜的一场大雨让山路变得湿滑难行。徒步走到半路时，我脚下一滑，险些摔进一条小溪里。幸运的是，我的同学莉莉及时抓住了我的胳膊。凯尔让队伍停下脚步，教我们用“锁链式”的方法行进——大家互相拉住彼此的背包，以此保持身体稳定。那一刻着实让人后怕，但也让我明白了一个道理：唯有彼此依靠，我们才能顺利走过这段崎岖的路程)”可知，该段讲述团队协作克服困难的经历。C选项Teamwork helped us get through a difficult situation.(团队协作帮助我们度过了难关)精准概括本段主旨，适合作小标题。故选C项。 【34题详解】 根据下文“The highlight of the trip came on the third day, when we discovered a hidden waterfall. The water crashed down from a high rock, creating a rainbow in the mist. We swam in the cool, clear pool at the base and ate our lunch while listening to the sound of water. Kael told us that this place was rarely visited by outsiders, which made the experience even more special.(旅程的高光时刻在第三天降临——我们发现了一处隐秘的瀑布。水流从高高的岩石上轰然倾泻而下，在水雾中幻化出一道彩虹。我们在瀑布脚下清澈凉爽的水潭里游泳，伴着潺潺的水声享用了午餐。凯尔告诉我们，这个地方鲜少有外人踏足，也正因如此，这段经历更显得格外特别)”可知，该段讲述探险中发现隐秘瀑布的惊喜。A选项A surprising discovery made the trip unforgettable.(一个惊喜的发现让这次旅程难以忘怀)精准概括本段主旨，适合作小标题。故选A项。 【35题详解】 根据下文“When we returned to the village, I felt a sense of pride I’d never known before. The jungle adventure wasn’t just about seeing new things — it was about overcoming fears, trusting others, and learning to adapt. I learned that courage isn’t the absence of fear, but taking action despite it. That summer memory will stay with me forever, reminding me to embrace new challenges.(当我们回到村庄时，我心中涌起了一种前所未有的自豪感。这场丛林探险的意义，绝不仅仅是见识新奇的事物——它更让我学会了战胜恐惧、信任他人与随机应变。我懂得了，勇气并非是无所畏惧，而是即便心怀恐惧，依然选择勇往直前。那段夏日记忆会永远镌刻在我的脑海里，时刻提醒我去勇敢迎接新的挑战)”可知，该段讲述作者从探险中获得的成长感悟。E选项I learned valuable lessons from the adventure.(我从这次探险中学到了宝贵的经验)精准概括本段主旨，适合作小标题。故选E项。 第二卷 【上教版】 Ⅳ. Vocabulary (10%) Direction: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. suffer B. intended C. defence D. contributes E. featured F. transport G. respond H. reveal I. attempt J. facilities K. assume 36. At the end of the movie, the director decided to ______ the secret that had puzzled the audience for two hours. 37. When the teacher asked who had broken the window, no one dared to ______ honestly. 38. Scientists ______ that the new material can reduce energy loss, but further tests are needed. 39. The newly-built sports ______, including a swimming pool and two gyms, are open to all students after class. 40. Every player’s hard work ______ to the team’s victory, not just the star striker’s goals. 41. The magazine’s latest issue ______ an interview with the young inventor who built a solar-powered car. 42. In rush hours, the subway is the most efficient means of public ______ in this crowded city. 43. In her first ______ to bake a cake, Lucy forgot the sugar, but the family still praised her effort. 44. The castle’s thick stone walls were once a strong ______ against enemy attacks. 45. After weeks of heavy rain, the small village continued to ______ severe flooding that destroyed roads and crops. 【答案】36. H 37. G 38. K 39. J 40. D 41. E 42. F 43. I 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：在影片的结尾，导演决定揭晓一直困扰着观众两个小时的秘密。根据decide to do用法可知，该空需要一个动词原形；后面宾语是“the secret”指困扰观众的秘密，可知导演最后揭晓了这个秘密，动词reveal意为“揭露，揭晓”符合句意。故选H项。 【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：当老师问是谁打破了窗户时，没有人敢诚实地回答。根据dare to do用法可知，该空需要一个动词原形；根据上文“asked”可知，老师询问，可是没人敢回答，动词respond意为“回应，回答”符合语境。故选G项。 【38题详解】 考查动词。句意：科学家们认为这种新材料能够减少能量损耗，但还需要进行进一步的测试。该空需要一个动词作谓语，后面宾语从句是个陈述句，是科学家的看法，动词assume意为“认为”符合语境。故选K项。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：新建成的体育设施，包括一个游泳池和两个健身房，在课后向全体学生开放。根据后面谓语部分“are open”可知，该空需要一个名词复数形式作主语；根据后面例举“including a swimming pool and two gyms”可知，应该是体育运动设施，名词facilities意为“设施”符合语境。故选J项。 【40题详解】 考查动词。句意：每一位队员的辛勤努力都为球队的胜利做出了贡献，而不仅仅是那位明星前锋的进球所起到的作用。该空需要一个动词作谓语，主语“hard work”是不可数名词，句子叙述客观事实，谓语动词应使用单数形式，宾语“victory”，辛勤努力应该是胜利的原因，动词短语contributes to意为“为……做出贡献，有助于”符合语境。故选D项。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：该杂志的最新一期包含了一篇对这位年轻发明家的采访，这位发明家制造了一辆太阳能汽车。该空需要一个动词作谓语，表示最新一期杂志刊登的一项内容，动词featured 意为“以……为特色/主题；包含，突出展示”符合语境 故选E项。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：在高峰时段，地铁是这座拥挤城市中最为高效的公共交通工具。该空需要一个名词作of的宾语，根据前面“the subway”可知，这里指公共交通的方式，名词transport意为“交通”符合语境。故选F项。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：在她第一次尝试烘焙蛋糕时，露西忘了加糖，但家人仍然称赞了她的努力。该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据下文“Lucy forgot the sugar”可推测，应该是第一次尝试做蛋糕，忘了放糖。名词attempt意为“尝试；努力”符合语境。故选I项。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：这座城堡那厚厚的石墙曾经是抵御敌军进攻的坚固防线。该空需要一个名词作表语，根据后面“against enemy attacks.”可知，石墙应该可以抵御敌人进攻。名词defence意为“防御”符合语境。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：在连续数周的暴雨之后，这个小村庄依然遭受着严重的洪水侵袭，洪水冲毁了道路和庄稼。根据continue to do用法可知，该空需要一个动词原形，宾语“severe flooding”是一种灾难，动词suffer意为“遭受，经历”符合语境。故选A项。 Ⅴ. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 46. 得知自己被理想的大学录取，她惊讶得说不出话来。（amaze）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Learning that she was admitted to her ideal university, she was so amazed that she couldn’t say a word. 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词、宾语从句和结果状语从句。“得知”可表达为learn，这里用现在分词Learning作伴随状语，表与主语she的主动关系 ；后接that引导的宾语从句；“被……录取”是be admitted to ；“理想的大学”即her ideal university ；“惊讶得说不出话来”使用“so... that...”引导的结果状语从句，amazed修饰人，表“感到惊讶的” ，couldn’t say a word表示“说不出话” 。句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故译为Learning that she was admitted to her ideal university, she was so amazed that she couldn’t say a word. 47. 这项实验旨在验证现代家庭能否在20世纪40年代的环境中生存。(capable) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】This experiment aims to verify whether modern families are capable of surviving in the environment of the 1940s. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和宾语从句。主语“这项实验”译为this experiment；“旨在验证”用动词短语aim to verify，描述一般性事实，谓语动词aim用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式aims；“现代家庭能否在20世纪40年代环境中生存”作宾语，可处理为连词whether(是否)引导的宾语从句，从句主语“现代家庭”译为modern families，谓语“能”用动词短语be capable of，描述一般性事实且主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are capable of，宾语“生存”用动名词surviving表示，状语“在20世纪40年代的环境中”译为in the environment of the 1940s。综上，全句译为：This experiment aims to verify whether modern families are capable of surviving in the environment of the 1940s. 48. 青少年因大脑尚未发育完全往往容易冒险，这种行为有时会让他们惹上麻烦。(whose) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Teenagers, whose brains are not fully developed, tend to take risks, and such behavior sometimes gets them into trouble. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、定语从句和并列句结构。分析句子，确立句子主干为“青少年往往容易冒险，这种行为有时会让他们惹上麻烦”，作主句，而“因大脑尚未发育完全”可处理为定语从句；主句可拆分为两个分句，用并列连词and连接，“青少年往往容易冒险”译为teenagers tend to take risks，“这种行为有时会让他们惹上麻烦”译为such behavior sometimes gets them into trouble，描述客观事实都用一般现在时态；“因大脑尚未发育完全”作定语，修饰主语teenagers，用关系代词whose引导定语从句，译为whose brains are not fully developed，描述客观事实用一般现在时态。综上，全句译为：Teenagers, whose brains are not fully developed, tend to take risks, and such behavior sometimes gets them into trouble. 49. 尽管地处偏远且交通不便，这个村庄还是凭借其独特的文化风俗吸引了络绎不绝的游客。（Despite）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite its remote location and poor transportation, the village attracts a continuous stream of tourists with its unique cultural customs. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“尽管”用介词despite；表示“地处偏远且交通不便”为its remote location and poor transportation，名词作宾语；表示“村庄”用名词village；表示“吸引”用动词attract；表示“络绎不绝的游客”可用a continuous stream of tourists；表示“凭借其独特的文化风俗”可用with its unique cultural customs。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为Despite its remote location and poor transportation, the village attracts a continuous stream of tourists with its unique cultural customs. Ⅵ. Guided Writing (10%) Directions: Write an English composition in about 80-100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 50. 你的朋友王海对中国古代史很感兴趣，计划利用暑假自学相关知识，但不确定哪种方式 更好，特意来信征求你的意见。请你给他写一封回信，从以下三种方法中选择一种推荐给他， 并说明推荐理由。 ●visiting local museums ●watching historical documentaries ●reading historical novels （注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Wang Hai, I'm glad to hear that you're interested in ancient Chinese history and plan to study it during the coming summer vacation. Among the three methods you mentioned, I recommend visiting local museums. Museums are like time-capsules. They display real historical relics, from ancient utensils to precious artworks. By observing these items up-close, you can have a more tangible understanding of ancient Chinese life, culture, and technology. For example, seeing an ancient bronze vessel can give you a vivid sense of the craftsmanship and social hierarchy of that time. Also, museums often offer guided tours and lectures, where professional curators or historians can provide in-depth explanations, answering your questions and enriching your knowledge. I believe this hands-on approach will make your study of ancient Chinese history more engaging and rewarding. Best regards, LiHua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生给王海写一封回信，从以下三种方法中选择一种推荐给他， 并说明推荐理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 快乐的：glad→pleased 切实的；可触摸的：tangible→concrete 馆长；策展人：curator→museum director 深入的：in-depth→thorough 2.句式拓展： 合并句子 原句：Museums are like time-capsules. They display real historical relics, from ancient utensils to precious artworks. 拓展句：Museums, which are like time-capsules, display real historical relics ranging from ancient utensils to precious artworks. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I believe this hands-on approach will make your study of ancient Chinese history more engaging and rewarding.（运用省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】 Also, museums often offer guided tours and lectures, where professional curators or historians can provide in-depth explanations, answering your questions and enriching your knowledge.（运用where 引导非限制性定语从句） 【上外版】 Ⅳ. Vocabulary (10%) Direction: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. factor B. limited C. solution D. current E. signal F. uncertain G. maintained H. themed I. represent J. marched K. determine 51. The museum’s new exhibition is ______ around the Silk Road, showing ancient trade goods and maps. 52. Despite the heavy storm, the pilot ______ calm and safely landed the plane. 53. Scientists are trying to ______ whether the new drug can stop the virus from spreading. 54. After the ceremony, the students ______ out of the hall in perfect order. 55. The ______ economic situation encourages more young people to start their own businesses. 56. Chest pains can be a warning ______ of heart problems. 57. Because the final exam timetable has not been announced, students are still ______ about when their first test will take place. 58. The tiny blue dot on the map is meant to ______ our village, which is home to 500 people. 59. Recycling is widely seen as an environmentally friendly ______ to plastic pollution. 60. Price is an important ______ that affects most families when choosing a holiday destination. 【答案】51. H 52. G 53. K 54. J 55. D 56. E 57. F 58. I 59. C 60. A 【解析】 【51题详解】 考查形容词。句意：博物馆的新展览以丝绸之路为主题，展示了古代的贸易商品和地图。根据“showing ancient trade goods and maps”可知，展览是以丝绸之路为主题，H项“themed”意为“以……为主题的”，符合句意，为形容词作表语。故选H。 【52题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管有暴风雨，飞行员保持冷静，安全地降落了飞机。根据“calm and safely landed the plane”可知，飞行员保持冷静，空处作谓语，应用动词。maintained意为“保持”，符合句意。根据句中的landed可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选G。 【53题详解】 考查动词。句意：科学家们正试图确定这种新药是否能阻止病毒传播。根据“whether the new drug can stop the virus from spreading”可知，科学家们正试图确定这种新药是否能阻止病毒传播，determine意为“确定”，符合句意。try to后接动词原形。故选K。 【54题详解】 考查动词。句意：仪式结束后，学生们整齐有序地走出大厅。根据“out of the hall in perfect order”可知，学生们整齐有序地走出大厅，J项“marched”意为“行进”，march out of“走出”符合句意。空处作谓语，根据句中的After the ceremony可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选J。 【55题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当前的经济形势鼓励更多的年轻人创业。根据“economic situation encourages more young people to start their own businesses”可知，当前的经济形势鼓励更多的年轻人创业，D项“current”意为“当前的”，符合句意，为形容词作定语。故选D。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：胸痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号。根据“Chest pains can be a warning”可知，胸痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号，E项“signal”意为“信号”，符合句意，空处被不定冠词a和形容词warning修饰，应用名词单数。故选E。 【57题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于期末考试时间表尚未公布，学生们仍然不确定他们的第一次考试将在何时举行。根据“Because the final exam timetable has not been announced”可知，学生们不确定第一次考试将在何时举行，F项“uncertain”意为“不确定的”，符合句意，为形容词作状语。故选F。 【58题详解】 考查动词。句意：地图上的这个小蓝点代表我们的村庄，那里住着500人。根据“The tiny blue dot on the map is meant to”可知，地图上的这个小蓝点代表我们的村庄，I项“represent”意为“代表”，符合句意。故选I。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：回收被广泛认为是解决塑料污染的环境友好型方案。根据“Recycling is widely seen as an environmentally friendly”可知，回收被认为是环境友好型方案，C项“solution”意为“方案”，符合句意，空处被不定冠词an和形容词environmentally friendly修饰，应用名词单数。故选C。 【60题详解】 考查名词。句意：价格是影响大多数家庭选择度假目的地的一个重要因素。根据“Price is an important”可知，价格是影响大多数家庭选择度假目的地的一个重要因素，A项“factor”意为“因素”，符合句意，空处被不定冠词an和形容词important修饰，应用名词单数。故选A。 Ⅴ. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 越来越多的人开始关注野生动物的生存状况。(concerned) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】More and more people are becoming concerned about the living conditions of wildlife. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和主谓一致。主语“越来越多的人”可译为more and more people；“关注”作谓语，用动词短语become concerned about，“开始关注”描述渐进性，用现在进行时态are becoming concerned about；宾语“野生动物的生存状况”译为the living conditions of wildlife。综上，全句译为：More and more people are becoming concerned about the living conditions of wildlife. 62. 国王后来发现，重建这座花园需要耗费多年时间。（take）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】The king later discovered that it would take years to reconstruct the garden. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和从句。“国王”对应英文 The king ；“后来”为 later，作时间状语。“发现”常见英文表达为discover，因为是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。discovered后接that从句；“重建”可表达为reconstruct 。it would take + 时间 + to do sth.为固定句式，表示“做某事将花费多长时间”；“多年时间”即years。故译为The king later discovered that it would take years to reconstruct the garden. 63. 不同文化中成人礼的传统有显著差异，但它们都在于庆贺青年的成长。（vary）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】The traditions of coming-of-age ceremonies in different cultures vary significantly, but they all lie in celebrating the growth of young people. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和非谓语。表示“不同文化中成人礼的传统”用The traditions of coming-of-age ceremonies in different cultures，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“有显著差异”用vary significantly，vary为句子的谓语动词。结合句意可知，本句用一般现在时，陈述一般事实，主语为复数，谓语用原形；表示“但”用but；表示“它们都在于”用they all lie in，结合句意可知，本句用一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语lie in用原形；表示“庆贺青年的成长”用celebrate the growth of young people，celebrate用动名词作宾语。故翻译为The traditions of coming-of-age ceremonies in different cultures vary significantly, but they all lie in celebrating the growth of young people. 64. 漫步在罗马老城区时，我简直无法将视线从那些美得令人窒息的杰作上移开。(tear) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】While wandering through the old city area of Rome, I simply couldn’t tear my eyes away from those breathtaking masterpieces. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和时态。“漫步”常见表达为wander，这里用While wandering是while I was wandering的省略；“罗马老城区”表达为the old city area of Rome ；表示“穿过城区”用介词through；“简直无法”用simply couldn’t，simply加强语气； tear... away from...意思是“把……从……上移开”，这里tear my eyes away from即“将我的视线从……移开”；“美得令人窒息的”用breathtaking，“杰作”是masterpieces。句子描述过去经历，用一般过去时。故译为While wandering through the old city area of Rome, I simply couldn’t tear my eyes away from those breathtaking masterpieces. VI. Guided Writing (10%) 65. Directions: Write an English composition in about 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你的朋友李明在校园里发现了一只可爱的流浪猫，想要收养它，但他的父母担心会影响他的学习、增加家庭负担，因此不同意这一想法。李明感到很困扰，向你求助。请你给他写一封信，提供建议，帮助他改变父母的想法。内容包括： 1.你的建议： 2.你的理由。 （注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Li Ming, I understand your dilemma. Here are some suggestions to change your parents’minds. First, make a study plan to show that taking care of the cat won’t affect your studies. You can allocate specific time for studying and cat-caring, making sure neither of them will be neglected. Second, offer to shoulder some of the cat-raising expenses by doing part-time jobs, which will ease their financial worry. The reason is that by demonstrating your responsibility and self-discipline through these small things, your parents will see that you can handle both study and pet-keeping. Also, a cat can be a stress-reliever in your busy school life. After a long day of study, playing with it can help you relax your mind and body, and even improve your study efficiencyin return. Hope these practical suggestions can help you persuade your parents successfully. Best regards. Yours, LiHua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生给李明写一封信，提供建议，帮助他改变父母对李明收养流浪猫的想法 【详解】1.词汇积累 困境：dilemma→predicament 分配：allocate→assign 减轻：ease→relieve 责任：responsibility→accountability 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：First, make a study plan to show that taking care of the cat won’t affect your studies. 拓展句：First, you can make a study plan which is aimed at showing that taking care of the cat won’t have an impact on your studies. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】First, make a study plan to show that taking care of the cat won't affect your studies.（运用that宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】Second, offer to shoulder some of the cat-raising expenses by doing part-time jobs, which will ease their financial worry.（运用which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷 高一英语试卷 （考试时间90分钟，满分100分） 第一卷 Ⅰ. Listening comprehension (15%) Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. To the hotel. B. To the airport. C. To the restaurant. D. To the bus stop. 2. A. A police officer. B. A firefighter. C. A reporter. D. A taxi driver. 3. A. Jonathan’s excellent performance. B. Jonathan’s high school. C. Jonathan’s graduation day. D. Jonathan’s study habits. 4. A.$10. B.$15. C.$20. D.$25. 5. A. The woman should go to the wedding. B. The woman should avoid long trips. C. The woman will regret going there. D. The woman will not enjoy the wedding. 6 A. She missed the last bus home. B. She had a fight with her classmate. C. She got caught in the rain. D. She left her coat at school. 7. A. A piece of pic. B. Some coffee. C. A warm room. D. Dinner with friends. 8. A. Buying Max a new chew toy. B. Extending Max’s morning walk. C Taking Max to the dog park. D. Feeding Max a lower-calorie diet. 9. A. Photograph the view over the lake. B. Watch the streetlights in the city. C. Camp on the beach until morning. D. Observe the northern light in a dark area. 10. A. Do some cleaning. B. Buy party food. C. Call more friends. D. Take a nap. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passage and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 12 are based on the following passage. 11. A. homeless cats will never go through trash bins. B There may be more noise and mess in the area. C. Garden birds will be hunted by cats more often. D. Rats will disappear from the neighborhood. 12. A. Feed them regularly. B. Drop leftovers on the sidewalk. C. Leave them alone. D. Take responsible actions. Questions 13 through 15 are based on the following conversation. 13. A. Watering plants and taking out garbage. B. Cleaning bathrooms and sweeping the floor. C. Washing dishes and cleaning the house. D. Cooking meals and tidying up the room. 14. A. They don’t like doing housework. B. They are busy with their study. C. They are too young to do housework. D. They are not good at housework. 15. A. Kids should focus more on housework than study. B. The woman shouldn’t overemphasize her kids’ school performance. C. The woman’s job is more important than her kids’ schoolwork. D. It is the mother’s duty to take care of all the housework. Ⅱ. Grammar (10%) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Volunteer Teaching in Guizhou After a long, exhausting day, Zhou finally dragged himself back to his tiny room. He ____1____(work) non-stop for thirteen hours before he came back home. Tomorrow’s lessons still waited to be planned, so there was no time to rest. This ____2____ (become) Zhou’s daily routine ever since he arrived in Guizhou Province. A year earlier he graduated from university and obtained his teaching certificate. His parents, like most parents, dreamed that he ____3____ (find) a well-paid job in a big city. Likewise his friends packed their bags and headed for big cities like Shanghai or Beijing. Zhou felt differently, however. When he was still a pupil, he met several devoted teachers from remote villages, and he ____4____ (inspire) by them to go and teach where he was needed the most. For that reason he applied, and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. Bringing with him lots of books, Zhou traveled to the village ____5____ an eager heart. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village. However, not everything lived up to his hope. The school was much smaller than he had expected with only three classrooms ____6____ walls were covered with dust. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ____7____ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was also more challenging than he had thought. The power and water supplies were unstable so he could only shower every three or four days. What made ____8____ harder was that the village was cut off from the outside world by heavy rains several times last month. More than once the thought of giving up flashed through his mind, but he refused to quit. He promised himself that he ____9____ (not leave) the children who needed him. Now, after half a year of hard work, the children’s smiles and progress have made all his efforts worthwhile. He often shares stories about the children ____10____ he is proud with his old classmates, and he has never regretted his decision. III. Reading Comprehension Section A (10%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Nature’s Cry for Help Human activities have caused great damage to nature, and the results are getting harder to avoid. For hundreds of years, we have used natural resources without control, ____11____ forests for wood, draining wetlands to make farmland, and digging out fossil fuels for energy. These actions not only destroy animals’ homes but also break the ____12____ of ecosystems. Deforestation is a striking example. Vast areas of rainforests, once called the “lungs of the Earth,” have disappeared. ____13____, countless species lose their homes and face extinction. Meanwhile, the loss of trees ____14____ the planet’s ability to absorb carbon dioxide, worsening global warming. The rising temperatures, in turn, melt polar ice and raise sea levels, threatening coastal communities worldwide. ____15____ makes nature’s pain even worse. Industrial waste poisons rivers and oceans, killing sea creatures and making water unsafe to use. Air pollution from factories and cars creates thick smog, which harms both people’s health and the growth of plants. Even faraway areas are ____16____. Plastic waste has been found in the deepest parts of the ocean and on the highest mountain tops. Nature’s damage is not an ____17____ issue; it is closely linked to human survival. If we continue to ____18____ the warnings, we will lose the natural systems that sustain us. However, it is not too late to act. By protecting remaining ecosystems, reducing pollution, and promoting sustainable development, we can begin to heal the damage and ensure a livable planet. ____19____ actions also matter. Simple steps like reducing plastic use and planting trees can contribute to the collective effort. Although the scale of damage is large, every small change adds up. ____20____, future generations will thank us for preserving the beauty and vitality of nature. 11. A. protecting B. clearing C. growing D. observing 12. A. range B. balance C. structure D. footprint 13. A. As a result B. In contrast C. On the contrary D. For example 14. A. improves B. prevents C. reduces D. removes 15. A. Competition B. Pollution C. Industry D. Technology 16. A. benefited B. concerned C. affected D. explored 17. A. isolated B. private C. urgent D. complicated 18. A. invite B. ignore C. inspire D. issue 19. A. Official B. Collective C. Public D. Individual 20. A. Surprisingly B. Immediately C. Eventually D. Suddenly Section B (22%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Hi, Fred It’s been a while since we have been in touch. How has your semester been? I wanted to send an email update to let you know how things have been going during my semester abroad here in Málaga, Spain. I’ve already been here for six weeks, and I feel like I am finally adapting to the culture. I’m also speaking the language more fluently. I arrived during the first week of September. The weather has been very nice. Even though it’s October, it’s still rather sunny and warm. In fact, I went to the beach and swam in the Mediterranean Sea earlier today. I am living with a very welcoming host family. I have my own private bedroom, but we eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner together. On Sundays, we eat a big home-cooked paella for lunch. In Spain, lunch is usually the biggest meal of the day. It’s also very common for the people to take a midday nap right after a big meal. I am actually just waking up from my nap right now! On weekdays, I take classes at the local university. There, I met several native Spanish speakers. They have been very kind and patient with me. At first, I struggled to comprehend their Spanish, but now I understand most of our conversations. They have commented that my Spanish has improved a lot since we first met. Now, I am more confident to use the language in other places like stores and restaurants. I am so glad that I decided to spend the semester here in Spain. We have an extended weekend coming up, so a group of my friends and I are going to travel to France for four days. It’s so easy and inexpensive to travel internationally in Europe. I love it! I look forward to hearing from you soon. Like I said, don’t hesitate to stay in touch more often. Perhaps you could even come to visit! What do you think? Best wishes, Patrick 21. What is Patrick’s main purpose in writing this email? A. To persuade Fred to study Spanish in Spain. B. To describe his cultural adaptation to Fred. C. To complain about the new life in Spain. D. To ask Fred for advice on travelling to France. 22. Which of the following can be inferred about Patrick’s Spanish before he arrived in Málaga? A. He had never studied Spanish before. B. He could speak it fluently but lacked confidence. C. He had classroom knowledge but struggled with real-life conversations. D. He understood it better than the native university students. 23. The underlined word “paella” most probably refers to ______. A. a set of tableware B. a common meal C. a small snack D. a sweet dessert 24. What does Patrick imply about travelling within Europe? A. It is expensive and requires extensive planning. B. It is only possible during summer vacation. C. It is convenient and affordable for students like him. D. It is better to avoid France because it is too crowded. B As the clock ticks towards midnight on New Year’s Eve, different cultures around the world welcome the new year with unique and meaningful rituals (仪式). These traditions, passed down through generations, are not just about celebration but also carry deep hopes for the coming year. Spain Spain’s New Year is closely linked to a sweet and exact tradition. The minute the clocks strikes midnight, local people gather in squares, especially Madrid’s famous Puerta del Sol, and eat twelve grapes — one for each bell ring. People believe this “twelve-grapes tradition” will bring twelve months of good luck and happiness. When the last grape is eaten, fireworks explode in the night sky, making the square colorful. Cheers and waving national flags fill the air, creating a happy atmosphere. Japan Japan greets January 1 in a quiet and thoughtful way. Families usually get up before dawn to watch the first sunrise of the year, called “hatsu-hinode” — a practice that is thought to bring good luck. After the sunrise, they pray for health, success and peace for their families. Unlike the loud celebrations in other countries, the Japanese stay quiet while temple bells ring 108 times. This number stands for 108 human weaknesses or desires. The bell ringing is meant to wash away these bad things, letting people start the new year with a pure heart. South Africa In South Africa, the city of Cape Town likes loud celebrations more than quick ones to mark the new year. At midnight, the streets become lively with the loud sounds of ship horns from the harbor, car horns and regular drumbeats. A special tradition here is “stepping into” the new year. People jump off chairs, which symbolically leaves behind the troubles and bad luck of the past year. To end the celebrations, a big concert is held at the V&A Waterfront. It finishes with a wonderful fireworks show that lights up the nearby Table Mountain. Bahamas On the warm, sunny islands of the Bahamas, the new year is a celebration of music and dancing. The most exciting part is the “Junkanoo” festival — a lively parade that moves through the streets of Nassau. Colorful groups wearing beautiful, shiny clothes dance to the music of goatskin drums, cowbells and brass instruments. This festival comes from the islands’ African and Caribbean culture. It lasts until early morning, turning the first day of the year into a lively carnival where both local people and tourists join in the fun. 25. Which celebration is described as the noisiest? A. Japan’s temple-bell ringing. B. Spain’s grape eating. C. South Africa’s drum-and-horn welcome. D. The Bahamas’ sunrise prayer. 26. What can we infer about the “Junkanoo” festival in the Bahamas? A. It keeps African and Caribbean culture alive. B. It is a quiet ceremony held inside island temples. C. It is mainly organized for tourists arriving at noon. D. It ends as soon as the clock finishes striking midnight. 27. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Fireworks Around the Globe B. New-Year Customs Worldwide C. Traditional Food for Festivals D. How to Travel on New Year’s Eve C A wildfire spreads rapidly through dry bushes and grass toward a group of nearby homes in the hills surrounding a Los Angeles suburb. The plants and decorative landscaping around the first house quickly catch fire, but the house itself remains unharmed, holding firm against the flames. Any small sparks that flicker up along its walls die out almost immediately. What’s surprising is that there are no firefighters or fire extinguishers in sight—yet the house stays safe. The secret is that the flames are being put out by sound waves. This kind of fire control using sound, called acoustic fire suppression, may soon become an important tool in fighting wildfires. To understand how this technology works, we first need to know the basic requirements for a fire to burn. For a fire to keep burning, it needs three key things: heat, fuel, and oxygen. If any one of these is taken away, the fire will stop. Sound waves put out fires by pushing oxygen molecules(分子) away from the fuel, making it impossible for the fire to get the air it needs to keep burning. Jeff Bruder, an engineer who once did energy research at NASA, co-founded a company called Sonic Fire Tech to develop a machine that uses this principle. Bruder explains that the machine makes oxygen move so fast that the fire can’t use it, which stops the burning process effectively. The company has already shown that their device can put out fires from as far as 25 feet away. Using sound to fight fires isn’t a new idea—American research groups and universities have been studying this method for more than ten years. However, Albert Simioni, an expert in fire safety, notes that the main difficulty is making this technology work on a larger scale without producing harmful noise. Sonic Fire Tech has solved this problem by using low-frequency sound waves. While earlier research used sound waves between 30 and 60 hertz (赫兹), Sonic’s device uses waves that are 20 hertz or lower. These low-frequency waves can’t be heard by humans and can travel much farther than higher-pitched sound waves. This technology is especially useful because many homes catch fire during wildfires when small burning pieces of wood (called “embers”） blow into attic vents (阁楼通风口). Sonic’s system uses an electric motor to drive a moving component that creates the sound waves. These waves then travel through metal pipes installed on the roof and under the edges of the house, reaching the vents to stop embers from starting fires inside. 28. What can we infer from the first paragraph about the unharmed house? A. It was built with special fire-resistant materials. B. It was protected by an unusual fire-fighting method. C. The wildfire was too weak to damage it. D. All flammable things were removed in advance. 29. What is the basic working principle of acoustic fire suppression? A. It cuts off the fire’s oxygen supply. B. It reduces the temperature around the fire. C. It prevents the fire from moving fast. D. It creates a barrier to block the fire. 30. Why does Sonic Fire Tech use low-frequency sound waves? A. They are easier to create with simple electric motors. B. They have been fully tested by research institutions. C. They are the only sound waves that can put out fires. D. They can cover larger areas and avoid harmful noise. 31. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To warn people about the danger of wildfires in suburban areas. B. To compare different ways of fighting wildfires in modern times. C. To introduce an innovative sound-based fire-fighting technology. D. To explain the history of sound wave research in fire control. Section C (8%) Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There are TWO extra headings which you do not need. Jungle Adventure: A Lesson in Courage Last summer, I joined a jungle expedition with my biology teacher and classmates. At first, I was filled with both excitement and anxiety — would I handle the unknown dangers? Our guide, a local villager named Kael, assured us that preparation was our best protection. We packed lightweight tents, insect repellent, and water purification tablets, and Kael taught us to recognize edible fruits and dangerous plants before we set off. ___32___ The first day in the jungle was a feast for the senses. Tall trees formed a green canopy above us blocking most of the sunlight. Colorful birds sang unknown melodies, and small monkeys swung from branch to branch, staring at us curiously. We walked along narrow paths, and Kael pointed out interesting creatures: a bright blue butterfly with black spots, a slow-moving snail with a spiral shell, and even a hidden frog that changed color to match its surroundings. ___33___ On the second day, we faced our first challenge. Heavy rain fell overnight, making the path slippery. Halfway through our hike, I lost my balance and nearly fell into a small stream. Luckily, my classmate Lily grabbed my arm just in time. Kael stopped the group and taught us to walk in a “chain” — holding onto each other’s backpacks to stay steady. It was a scary moment, but it made me realize we can only make it through rough ground by leaning on one another. ___34___ The highlight of the trip came on the third day, when we discovered a hidden waterfall. The water crashed down from a high rock, creating a rainbow in the mist. We swam in the cool, clear pool at the base and ate our lunch while listening to the sound of water. Kael told us that this place was rarely visited by outsiders, which made the experience even more special. ___35___ When we returned to the village, I felt a sense of pride I’d never known before. The jungle adventure wasn’t just about seeing new things — it was about overcoming fears, trusting others, and learning to adapt. I learned that courage isn’t the absence of fear, but taking action despite it. That summer memory will stay with me forever, reminding me to embrace new challenges. A. A surprising discovery made the trip unforgettable. B. Careful planning saved us from many hidden risks. C. Teamwork helped us get through a difficult situation. D. The jungle showed us its lively and colorful side. E. I learned valuable lessons from the adventure. F. The dangerous situation made everyone scared. 第二卷 【上教版】 Ⅳ. Vocabulary (10%) Direction: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. suffer B. intended C. defence D. contributes E. featured F. transport G. respond H. reveal I. attempt J. facilities K. assume 36. At the end of the movie, the director decided to ______ the secret that had puzzled the audience for two hours. 37. When the teacher asked who had broken the window, no one dared to ______ honestly. 38. Scientists ______ that the new material can reduce energy loss, but further tests are needed. 39. The newly-built sports ______, including a swimming pool and two gyms, are open to all students after class. 40. Every player’s hard work ______ to the team’s victory, not just the star striker’s goals. 41. The magazine’s latest issue ______ an interview with the young inventor who built a solar-powered car. 42. In rush hours, the subway is the most efficient means of public ______ in this crowded city. 43. In her first ______ to bake a cake, Lucy forgot the sugar, but the family still praised her effort. 44. The castle’s thick stone walls were once a strong ______ against enemy attacks. 45. After weeks of heavy rain, the small village continued to ______ severe flooding that destroyed roads and crops. Ⅴ. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 46. 得知自己被理想的大学录取，她惊讶得说不出话来。（amaze）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 47. 这项实验旨在验证现代家庭能否在20世纪40年代的环境中生存。(capable) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 48. 青少年因大脑尚未发育完全往往容易冒险，这种行为有时会让他们惹上麻烦。(whose) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 49. 尽管地处偏远且交通不便，这个村庄还是凭借其独特的文化风俗吸引了络绎不绝的游客。（Despite）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Guided Writing (10%) Directions: Write an English composition in about 80-100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 50. 你的朋友王海对中国古代史很感兴趣，计划利用暑假自学相关知识，但不确定哪种方式 更好，特意来信征求你的意见。请你给他写一封回信，从以下三种方法中选择一种推荐给他， 并说明推荐理由。 ●visiting local museums ●watching historical documentaries ●reading historical novels （注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【上外版】 Ⅳ. Vocabulary (10%) Direction: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. factor B. limited C. solution D. current E. signal F. uncertain G. maintained H. themed I. represent J. marched K. determine 51. The museum’s new exhibition is ______ around the Silk Road, showing ancient trade goods and maps. 52. Despite the heavy storm, the pilot ______ calm and safely landed the plane. 53. Scientists are trying to ______ whether the new drug can stop the virus from spreading. 54. After the ceremony the students ______ out of the hall in perfect order. 55. The ______ economic situation encourages more young people to start their own businesses. 56. Chest pains can be a warning ______ of heart problems. 57. Because the final exam timetable has not been announced, students are still ______ about when their first test will take place. 58. The tiny blue dot on the map is meant to ______ our village, which is home to 500 people. 59. Recycling is widely seen as an environmentally friendly ______ to plastic pollution. 60. Price is an important ______ that affects most families when choosing a holiday destination. Ⅴ. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 越来越多的人开始关注野生动物的生存状况。(concerned) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 62. 国王后来发现，重建这座花园需要耗费多年时间。（take）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 63. 不同文化中成人礼的传统有显著差异，但它们都在于庆贺青年的成长。（vary）(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 64. 漫步在罗马老城区时，我简直无法将视线从那些美得令人窒息的杰作上移开。(tear) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing (10%) 65. Directions: Write an English composition in about 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你的朋友李明在校园里发现了一只可爱的流浪猫，想要收养它，但他的父母担心会影响他的学习、增加家庭负担，因此不同意这一想法。李明感到很困扰，向你求助。请你给他写一封信，提供建议，帮助他改变父母的想法。内容包括： 1.你的建议： 2.你的理由。 （注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $