Unit 3 Keep Fit 频度副词、物主代词（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版七年级下册

Unit 3 Keep Fit 核心语法精练（频度副词、物主代词） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 3 二、选词填空 4 三、按要求完成句子 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法选择 5 题型二 任务型阅读 6 一、频度副词与 How often 句型 用于描述动作发生的频率，常与一般现在时连用，How often 用于对频率提问。 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 用法示例 我 my mine 形：my book（我的书）；名：This book is mine.（这本书是我的） 你 your yours 形：your pen（你的笔）；名：That pen is yours.（那支笔是你的） 他 his his 形：his bag（他的包）；名：The bag is his.（包是他的） 她 her hers 形：her ruler（她的尺子）；名：The ruler is hers.（尺子是她的） 它 its jts 形：its name（它的名字）；名：The name is its.（名字是它的） 我们 our ours 形：our classroom（我们的教室）；名：The classroom is ours. 你们 your yours 形：your desks（你们的桌子）；名：The desks are yours. 他们 their theirs 形：their bikes（他们的自行车）；名：The bikes are theirs. 次数表达：once（一次）、twice（两次）、three times（三次）…，如 three times a week（每周三次）。 How often 句型： 结构：How often + 助动词 do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 答语：频度副词 / 次数短语，如 —How often do you exercise? —Twice a week. 二、物主代词 表所属关系，分形容词性与名词性两种，名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词。 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 用法示例 我 my mine 形：my book（我的书）；名：This book is mine.（这本书是我的） 你 your yours 形：your pen（你的笔）；名：That pen is yours.（那支笔是你的） 他 his his 形：his bag（他的包）；名：The bag is his.（包是他的） 她 her hers 形：her ruler（她的尺子）；名：The ruler is hers.（尺子是她的） 它 its jts 形：its name（它的名字）；名：The name is its.（名字是它的） 我们 our ours 形：our classroom（我们的教室）；名：The classroom is ours. 你们 your yours 形：your desks（你们的桌子）；名：The desks are yours. 他们 their theirs 形：their bikes（他们的自行车）；名：The bikes are theirs. 四、核心句式拓展 所属关系提问：Whose + 名词 + 一般疑问句？—It's mine/yours/his…，如 —Whose T-shirt is this? —It's his. 频率与建议结合：How often do you…? You should…，如 —How often do you exercise? —Once a week. You should exercise more. It's + 形容词 + to do sth.（表建议 / 重要性），如 It's important to keep fit.（保持健康很重要） 五、易错点提示 频度副词位置：实义动词前，be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词后，如 He is always late.（√）；He always is late.（×）。 名词性物主代词不可接名词，如 This is mine book.（×）；This is my book.（√）。 should 后接动词原形，不可加 to，如 You should to run.（×）；You should run.（√）。 一、单项选择题。 1．—I want to go to the beach and collect the rubbish. —________. It’s our duty to keep the beach clean. A．So I do B．So do I C．So I am D．So am I 2．—Do more English exercises, and you can make ________. —OK, I will. Thanks for your advice. A．mistakes B．progress C．plans D．suggestions 3．—Let’s play ________. —Good idea! But we don’t have so many players, only you and me. A．football B．ping-pong C．tennis D．badminton 4．This is not ________ mobile phone. ________ is black, but this one is blue. A．mine; My B．my; Mine C．my; My D．mine; Mine 5．I have ________ friends in this school. So I am not happy every day. A．a few B．few C．a little D．little 6．Jenny is ________ the first one to arrive at school. She is________ late for class. Teachers all like her. A．always; usually B．usually; seldom C．seldom; never D．usually; sometimes 7．—________ do you exercise?—Three times a week. A．How long B．How often C．How much D．How far 8．________ is good for our health. We should do it every day. A．Swim B．Swimming C．Swam D．To swimming 9．He ________ to school by bike every day. A．go B．goes C．going D．to go 10．We should ________ each other when we face difficulties. A．encourage B．encourages C．encouraging D．to encourage 11．My brother ________ running. He likes swimming. A．don’t like B．doesn’t like C．isn’t like D．not like 12．This is not my book. ________ is on the desk. A．My B．Me C．I D．Mine 13．The students are playing basketball ________ the playground. A．in B．on C．at D．to 14．She spends two hours ________ her homework every day. A．doing B．takes C．pays D．costs 15．Speak English as much as possible and you’ll make great _______ in spoken English one day. A．attention B．progress C．information D．pride 二、选词填空。 1．Sixty ________ (minutes / hours) is an hour. 2．It’s about ten________(kilometers / minutes) from my home to school. 3．My father often takes the________ (subway / train) to work. 4．How do you usually go to school?  I usually go to school by________ (bike / foot). 5．The purple scarf isn’t ________ (my/ mine). 6．Could you buy a ________ (few/little) meat for me? 7．There is________ water in the bottle. That’s enough for this afternoon. (a few；few；a little；little) 8．Do you usually walk to school?  No, I ________(don’t / doesn’t). 9．There is________ milk at home. Would you please buy________ ? (little/ a little) 10．He feels unhappy at school because he has ________ friends here.(few/ a few) 三、按要求完成句子。 1．这支新钢笔属于吉姆，它来自他叔叔。 The new pen Jim. It’s from his uncle. 2．在你找工作之前，你需要更多的社会实践。 You need more social before you look for a job. 3．听！大厅里有几个女孩在唱歌。 Listen! There are singing in the hall. 4．我父母总是鼓励我尝试新事物。 My parents always me new things. 5．李明并不总是按时到校。 Li Ming get to school on time. 6．We have sweaters in large, medium and small sizes. (对划线部分提问) sweaters do you have? 7．She’d like beef and carrot noodles. (对划线部分提问) would she like? 8．He’d like four bowls of noodles. (对划线部分提问) of noodles he like? 9．I go to school on foot every day. (对划线部分提问) you go to school every day? 10．He plays football three times a week. (对划线部分提问) does he play football? 11．They often play football after school. (对划线部分提问) do they often after school? 12．This is my book. (改为同义句) This book me. 13．Lily doesn’t come to school. Maybe she is ill. Lily doesn’t come to school. She ill. 14．They go to school on foot.（同义句转换） They school. 15．It’s good for you to read English every day. (改为同义句) English every day good for you. 16．Don’t smoke here. (同义句转换) You here. 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 What is it like to exercise in space? Simple things can be much harder outside 1 earth. However, difficult things might become easy too. There is a video online. It shows that Zhai Zhigang, a member of Shenzhou ⅩⅢ, is practising 2 traditional—Tai Chi (太极拳) on the Tiangong­1. For astronauts, exercising is necessary 3 it’s a good way to have fun. It is really 4 ! In fact, the tradition of practising Tai Chi in space 5 in 2012. Liu Yang, a member of Shenzhou Ⅸ, first practised Tai Chi in space. 6 16th October, 2021, three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, flew into space. Most Chinese people wanted 7 what really happened inside the space station. The following was what the astronauts did in space. First of all, they did hundreds of scientific experiments 8 during the six­-month stay in space. Also, they gave educational 9 to Chinese students to watch. All the students enjoyed 10 . What’s more, they showed people their normal lives, such as having meals and practising Tai Chi. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．everything B．something C．nothing 3．A．but B．so C．and 4．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 5．A．starts B．started C．will start 6．A．On B．At C．In 7．A．know B．to know C．knowing 8．A．care B．careful C．carefully 9．A．lesson B．lessons C．lesson’s 10．A．they B．them C．themselves 2、 任务型阅读 Swimming is really interesting, but you need to know how to be safe around water. Swimming Pools It’s exciting to swim in the swimming pool, but it’s important to test the pool’s water temperature (温度) first. When you jump into cold water, your heart rate (心率) will go up. Other rules to follow: Always have an adult (成年人) watch you when you’re in the pool. Walk slowly near the pool. Don’t run. If you’re just learning to swim, stay in the shallow (浅的) water. Don’t push (推) others. You could hurt them or yourself. Water Parks To stay safe, find out how deep the water is first. Other water park safety tips: Wear a life jacket if you don’t know how to swim or if you’re not a good swimmer. Read all of the signs before playing. Make sure you’re tall enough and old enough. Make sure there’s a lifeguard (救生员), and she or he can help you. 1．We should________________ first before jumping into the pool.(不超过5词) 2．A teenager should go swimming with_____________. (不超过2词) 3．We should_____________________________ if we are just learning to swim.(任选1项，不超过5词) 4．We should ask____________ for help in the water park.(不超过2词) 5． Why should we read all the signs before playing in water parks? (不超过15词) _________________________________________ ( 2 / 3 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Keep Fit 核心语法精练（频度副词、物主代词） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单项选择 3 二、选词填空 4 三、按要求完成句子 4 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法选择 5 题型二 任务型阅读 6 一、频度副词与 How often 句型 用于描述动作发生的频率，常与一般现在时连用，How often 用于对频率提问。 频率 副词 含义 位置 例句 最高 always 总是（100%） 实义动词前，be / 助动词 / 情态动词后 He always eats breakfast. usually 通常（约 80%） 实义动词前，be / 助动词 / 情态动词后 She usually walks to school. often 经常（约 60%） 实义动词前，be / 助动词 / 情态动词后 They often play basketball. sometimes 有时（约 40%） 可句首 / 中 / 末 Sometimes I go swimming. hardly ever 几乎不（约 10%） 实义动词前 He hardly ever stays up late. 最低 never 从不（0%） 实义动词前 We never eat junk food. 次数表达：once（一次）、twice（两次）、three times（三次）…，如 three times a week（每周三次）。 How often 句型： 结构：How often + 助动词 do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 答语：频度副词 / 次数短语，如 —How often do you exercise? —Twice a week. 二、物主代词 表所属关系，分形容词性与名词性两种，名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词。 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 用法示例 我 my mine 形：my book（我的书）；名：This book is mine.（这本书是我的） 你 your yours 形：your pen（你的笔）；名：That pen is yours.（那支笔是你的） 他 his his 形：his bag（他的包）；名：The bag is his.（包是他的） 她 her hers 形：her ruler（她的尺子）；名：The ruler is hers.（尺子是她的） 它 its jts 形：its name（它的名字）；名：The name is its.（名字是它的） 我们 our ours 形：our classroom（我们的教室）；名：The classroom is ours. 你们 your yours 形：your desks（你们的桌子）；名：The desks are yours. 他们 their theirs 形：their bikes（他们的自行车）；名：The bikes are theirs. 易错点：名词性物主代词后不接名词，可独立作主语 / 表语 / 宾语；形容词性物主代词后必须接名词。 四、核心句式拓展 所属关系提问：Whose + 名词 + 一般疑问句？—It's mine/yours/his…，如 —Whose T-shirt is this? —It's his. 频率与建议结合：How often do you…? You should…，如 —How often do you exercise? —Once a week. You should exercise more. It's + 形容词 + to do sth.（表建议 / 重要性），如 It's important to keep fit.（保持健康很重要） 五、易错点提示 频度副词位置：实义动词前，be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词后，如 He is always late.（√）；He always is late.（×）。 名词性物主代词不可接名词，如 This is mine book.（×）；This is my book.（√）。 should 后接动词原形，不可加 to，如 You should to run.（×）；You should run.（√）。 一、单项选择题。 1．—I want to go to the beach and collect the rubbish. —________. It’s our duty to keep the beach clean. A．So I do B．So do I C．So I am D．So am I 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想去海滩捡垃圾。——我也是。保持海滩清洁是我们的责任。 考查倒装句结构。前句“I want to go…”使用行为动词“want”，表示一般情况，因此用“So do I”结构表示“我也一样”，其中“do”为助动词，与行为动词匹配。选项A“So I do”表示强调（如“我确实如此”），但此处不适用；选项C“So I am”和D“So am I”用于be动词（如“I am happy”时可用“So am I”），但前句无be动词。故选B。 2．—Do more English exercises, and you can make ________. —OK, I will. Thanks for your advice. A．mistakes B．progress C．plans D．suggestions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多做英语练习，你就能取得进步。——好的，我会的。谢谢你的建议。 考查名词辨析。mistakes错误；progress进步；plans计划；suggestions建议。根据“Do more English exercises”和回答“OK, I will. Thanks for your advice.”可知，多做练习应带来积极结果，如能力提升或进步。故选B。 3．—Let’s play ________. —Good idea! But we don’t have so many players, only you and me. A．football B．ping-pong C．tennis D．badminton 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们来踢足球吧。——好主意！但我们没有那么多球员，只有你和我。 考查名词辨析。football足球；ping-pong乒乓球；tennis网球；badminton羽毛球。根据“But we don’t have so many players, only you and me.”和常识可知，足球通常需要较多参与者，而乒乓球、网球、羽毛球两人即可进行，But表转折，符合语境的是足球。故选A。 4．This is not ________ mobile phone. ________ is black, but this one is blue. A．mine; My B．my; Mine C．my; My D．mine; Mine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这不是我的手机。我的是黑色的，但这个是蓝色的。 考查物主代词辨析。mine我的，名词性物主代词；My我的，形容词性物主代词。第一个空后接名词“mobile phone”，需形容词性物主代词“my”修饰名词；第二个空作为主语，需名词性物主代词“mine”独立指代“我的手机”。故选B。 5．I have ________ friends in this school. So I am not happy every day. A．a few B．few C．a little D．little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我在这所学校几乎没有朋友。所以我每天都不开心。 考查形容词辨析。a few一些，修饰可数名词；few很少的，几乎没有的，修饰可数名词；a little一些，修饰不可数名词；little不多的，修饰不可数名词。根据“So I am not happy every day.”可知，我几乎没有朋友，friend是可数名词，所以用形容词few。故选B。 6．Jenny is ________ the first one to arrive at school. She is________ late for class. Teachers all like her. A．always; usually B．usually; seldom C．seldom; never D．usually; sometimes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Jenny通常是第一个到校的人。她很少上课迟到。老师们都喜欢她。   考查频率副词。always总是；usually通常；seldom很少；never从不；sometimes有时。根据“Teachers all like her”可推知Jenny应该是常早到且少迟到，因此“usually第一个到校”和“seldom迟到”最符合语境。故选B。 7．—________ do you exercise?—Three times a week. A．How long B．How often C．How much D．How far 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你多久锻炼一次？——每周三次。 考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间；how often多久一次；how much多少；how far多远。根据答语“Three times a week”可知是回答频率，提问用how often。故选B。 8．________ is good for our health. We should do it every day. A．Swim B．Swimming C．Swam D．To swimming 【答案】B 【详解】句意：游泳对我们的健康有益。我们应该每天都游泳。 考查动名词用法。句子缺少主语，需用动名词形式作主语，故选B。 9．He ________ to school by bike every day. A．go B．goes C．going D．to go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他每天骑自行车去上学。 考查时态。由“every day”可知句子是一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用三单形式goes。故选B。 10．We should ________ each other when we face difficulties. A．encourage B．encourages C．encouraging D．to encourage 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们面对困难时，我们应该互相鼓励。 考查情态动词的用法。should 是情态动词，后面接动词原形，encourage鼓励，动词原形，故选 A。 11．My brother ________ running. He likes swimming. A．don’t like B．doesn’t like C．isn’t like D．not like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我哥哥不喜欢跑步。他喜欢游泳。 考查主谓一致和否定句。根据“He likes swimming”可知，我哥哥不喜欢跑步。此句为否定句，且like为实义动词，主语“My brother”是第三人称单数，否定句要借助助动词doesn’t。故选B。 12．This is not my book. ________ is on the desk. A．My B．Me C．I D．Mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这不是我的书。我的书在桌子上。 考查代词辨析。My我的，形容词性物主代词，后接名词；Me我，人称代词宾格；I我，人称代词主格；Mine我的，名词性物主代词，可单独使用。根据前句“This is not my book.”可知，此处表示“我的书”，空格后无名词，需要用名词性物主代词指代 “我的书”，Mine符合语境，故选D。 13．The students are playing basketball ________ the playground. A．in B．on C．at D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们正在操场上打篮球。 考查介词辨析。in在……内部、在较大空间范围里；on在……之上；at指较小的、具体的地点；to多表示方向，意为“向；到”。根据句子“The students are playing basketball…the playground.”可知，in the playground“在操场上”，固定搭配。故选B。 14．She spends two hours ________ her homework every day. A．doing B．takes C．pays D．costs 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她每天花两个小时做家庭作业。 考查动词辨析。do做；take拿走，花费；pay支付；cost价钱为。spend time doing“花费时间做某事”，do homework“做作业”，均是固定搭配，空处应是doing。故选A。 15．Speak English as much as possible and you’ll make great _______ in spoken English one day. A．attention B．progress C．information D．pride 【答案】B 【详解】句意：尽可能多说英语，终有一天你的英语口语会取得巨大进步。     考查名词辨析。attention注意力；progress进步；information信息；pride自豪。根据“Speak English as much as possible and you’ll make great …in spoken English one day”可推知，此处应填入表示“进步”含义的词，make progress是固定搭配，意为“取得进步”。故选B。 二、选词填空。 1．Sixty ________ (minutes / hours) is an hour. 【答案】minutes 【详解】句意：六十分钟等于一小时。minutes“分钟”，是时间单位，1小时=60分钟，因此此处应选minutes。hours“小时”与题干中的an hour“一个小时”矛盾，逻辑错误：60小时≠1小时。故填minutes。 2．It’s about ten________(kilometers / minutes) from my home to school. 【答案】kilometers 【详解】句意：从我家到学校大约是十公里。根据“from my home to school”可知，描述家到学校的距离应该用长度单位kilometers“公里”。故填kilometers。 3．My father often takes the________ (subway / train) to work. 【答案】subway 【详解】句意：我父亲经常乘地铁去上班。subway“地铁”，城市内的地下轨道交通系统，train泛指“火车”，包括长途列车或地面轨道交通。题干提到to work“通勤”，通常使用subway，短途、城市内交通，而 “train” 更多用于跨城市或长途旅行。“take the subway” 是固定搭配，表示“乘坐地铁”。故填subway。 4．How do you usually go to school?  I usually go to school by________ (bike / foot). 【答案】bike 【详解】句意：你通常怎么去上学？我通常骑自行车去上学。“by+交通工具”是固定用法，用来表示出行方式；“步行”的正确表达是on foot，并非by foot。故填bike。 5．The purple scarf isn’t ________ (my/ mine). 【答案】mine 【详解】句意：这条紫色的围巾不是我的。my“我的”，形容词性物主代词，其后需接名词；mine“我的”，名词性物主代词，可单独使用，相当于“my+名词”，根据“The purple scarf isn’t...”可知空后无名词，横线处需填名词性物主代词来指代“我的围巾”。故填mine。 6．Could you buy a ________ (few/little) meat for me? 【答案】little 【详解】句意：你能帮我买一点肉吗？meat肉，是不可数名词，用a little修饰。故填little。 7．There is________ water in the bottle. That’s enough for this afternoon. (a few；few；a little；little) 【答案】a little 【详解】句意；瓶子里有一些水，今天下午够用的。a few“几个、少许”修饰复数名词；few“很少、几乎没有”修饰复数名词，且表示否定含义；a little“一些”修饰不可数名词；little“很少、几乎没有”修饰不可数名词，且表示否定含义。water是不可数名词，且根据“That’s enough for this afternoon.”可知，瓶子里是有些水的。故填a little。 8．Do you usually walk to school?  No, I ________(don’t / doesn’t). 【答案】don’t 【详解】句意：你通常步行去学校吗？不，我不（步行去学校）。主语一致性：问句的主语是 “you”，第二人称，答句的主语保持一致，也是 “I”，第一人称。“don’t” 是 “do not” 的缩写，用于第一人称（I）和第二人称（you/we/they）。“doesn’t” 是 “does not” 的缩写，仅用于第三人称单数（he/she/it）。动词形式：原句的助动词是 “do”（“Do you walk…”），否定形式直接用 “don’t”。根据主语和助动词的一致性，正确答案是 don’t。故填don’t。 9．There is________ milk at home. Would you please buy________ ? (little/ a little) 【答案】 little a little 【详解】句意：家里几乎没有牛奶了，你能买一些吗？ milk是不可数名词，需用little或a little修饰；结合“请买”，此处是 “几乎没有”（否定含义），应填little；在表示请求的疑问句中，用a little修饰（表“一些”，肯定含义），应填a little。故填little；a little。 10．He feels unhappy at school because he has ________ friends here.(few/ a few) 【答案】few 【详解】句意：他在学校感到不开心，因为他在这里没什么朋友。“friends”是可数名词复数，需用few或a few修饰：few意为“几乎没有”（含否定含义），a few意为“有一些”（含肯定含义）。结合“feels unhappy”的语境，此处是“几乎没朋友”。故填few。 三、按要求完成句子。 1．这支新钢笔属于吉姆，它来自他叔叔。 The new pen Jim. It’s from his uncle. 【答案】belongs to 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少“属于”，其英文表达为“belong to”表达，动词短语；句子描述钢笔的归属，时态为一般现在时，主语“The new pen”是单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式belongs。故填belongs to。 2．在你找工作之前，你需要更多的社会实践。 You need more social before you look for a job. 【答案】practice 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺名词“实践”，“practice”作为名词“实践”时通常为不可数名词，“social practice”固定搭配，意为“社会实践”。故填practice。 3．听！大厅里有几个女孩在唱歌。 Listen! There are singing in the hall. 【答案】a few girls 【详解】a few“几个”，修饰名词复数girls“女孩”。故填a few girls。 4．我父母总是鼓励我尝试新事物。 My parents always me new things. 【答案】 encourage to try 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少“鼓励……尝试……”；encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，固定搭配；结合空格前“always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，且主语“My parents”为复数，动词encourage应用原形；try“尝试”，动词，应用其动词不定式形式to try。故填encourage；to try。 5．李明并不总是按时到校。 Li Ming get to school on time. 【答案】 doesn’t always 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，此处缺少“不总是”。句子为一般现在时态，主语为单数，应使用助动词否定形式表示“不”，doesn’t“不”，always“总是”。故填doesn’t；always。 6．We have sweaters in large, medium and small sizes. (对划线部分提问) sweaters do you have? 【答案】 What size 【详解】句意：我们有大号、中号和小号的毛衣。划线部分“large, medium and small sizes”表示“毛衣的尺码类型”，对“尺码类型”提问时，常用疑问词组“what size”表示，泛指“哪些尺码类型”，符合语境。故填What；size。 7．She’d like beef and carrot noodles. (对划线部分提问) would she like? 【答案】 What kind of noodles 【详解】句意：她想要牛肉胡萝卜面。划线部分“beef and carrot”修饰“noodles”，询问“哪种面条”应用固定表达“what kind of noodles”。故填What；kind；of；noodles。 8．He’d like four bowls of noodles. (对划线部分提问) of noodles he like? 【答案】 How many bowls would 【详解】句意：他想要四碗面条。划线部分为“four”，这是对数量进行提问，用疑问词how many来提问，how many后跟复数名词bowls，he’d like的疑问语序为would he like。故填How；many；bowls；would。 9．I go to school on foot every day. (对划线部分提问) you go to school every day? 【答案】 How do 【详解】句意：我每天走路去上学。划线部分意思是“走路”，为出行方式，针对方式提问用how；go to school为动词短语原形，提问需借助助动词do。故填How；do。 10．He plays football three times a week. (对划线部分提问) does he play football? 【答案】 How often 【详解】句意：他每周踢足球三次。对频率“three times a week”提问，用how often“多久一次”。故填How；often。 11．They often play football after school. (对划线部分提问) do they often after school? 【答案】 What do 【详解】句意：他们经常放学后踢足球。句中划线部分“play football”表示动作，应用what作特殊疑问词，置于句首，首字母要大写，并用“do”代替划线部分。故填What；do。 12．This is my book. (改为同义句) This book me. 【答案】 belongs to 【详解】句意：这是我的书。This is my book. = This book belongs to me.表示“这本书是我的”，belong to意为“属于”。故填belongs；to。 13．Lily doesn’t come to school. Maybe she is ill. Lily doesn’t come to school. She ill. 【答案】may be 【详解】句意：Lily没来上学，她可能生病了。Maybe“可能”，可替换为may be，may是情态动词，后跟动词原形be。故填may be。 14．They go to school on foot.（同义句转换） They school. 【答案】 walk to 【详解】句意：他们步行去学校。“go to school on foot”和“walk to school”都表示“步行去上学”，是同义转换。故填walk；to。 15．It’s good for you to read English every day. (改为同义句) English every day good for you. 【答案】 Reading is 【详解】句意：每天读英语对你有好处。动名词作主语，动词read变为reading，单个动名词短语作主语，be动词用is。故填Reading；is。 16．Don’t smoke here. (同义句转换) You here. 【答案】 mustn’t smoke 【详解】句意：不要在这儿吸烟。Don’t smoke here.是祈使句，其同义句可以用mustn’t + 动词原形”，mustn’t表示 “禁止”，即“You mustn’t smoke here.”。故填mustn’t；smoke。 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 What is it like to exercise in space? Simple things can be much harder outside 1 earth. However, difficult things might become easy too. There is a video online. It shows that Zhai Zhigang, a member of Shenzhou ⅩⅢ, is practising 2 traditional—Tai Chi (太极拳) on the Tiangong­1. For astronauts, exercising is necessary 3 it’s a good way to have fun. It is really 4 ! In fact, the tradition of practising Tai Chi in space 5 in 2012. Liu Yang, a member of Shenzhou Ⅸ, first practised Tai Chi in space. 6 16th October, 2021, three astronauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, flew into space. Most Chinese people wanted 7 what really happened inside the space station. The following was what the astronauts did in space. First of all, they did hundreds of scientific experiments 8 during the six­-month stay in space. Also, they gave educational 9 to Chinese students to watch. All the students enjoyed 10 . What’s more, they showed people their normal lives, such as having meals and practising Tai Chi. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．everything B．something C．nothing 3．A．but B．so C．and 4．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 5．A．starts B．started C．will start 6．A．On B．At C．In 7．A．know B．to know C．knowing 8．A．care B．careful C．carefully 9．A．lesson B．lessons C．lesson’s 10．A．they B．them C．themselves 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员在太空中的锻炼情况，包括太极拳的练习以及他们在空间站进行的科学实验和教育活动。 1．句意：在地球之外，简单的事情可能会变得困难得多。 a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词之前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的词之前；the表特指。此处特指地球之外，在星球前用定冠词the。故选C。 2．句意：它显示神舟十三号的成员翟志刚在天宫一号上练习某种传统太极拳。 everything一切；something某物；nothing没有东西。根据“practising... traditional—Tai Chi”可知，此处指练习“一些”传统的事情。故选B。 3．句意：对宇航员来说，锻炼是必要的，而且也是一种娱乐的好方式。 but但是；so因此；and并且。根据“exercising is necessary... it’s a good way to have fun”可知，前后是并列关系，用and。故选C。 4．句意：这真的很令人惊讶！ surprise惊讶；surprised感到惊讶的，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，修饰物。根据“It is really”可知，此处指事情本身令人惊讶，用surprising。故选C。 5．句意：事实上，在太空练习太极拳的传统始于2012年。 starts开始，动词原形；started开始，动词过去式；will start将要开始，一般将来时。根据时间状语“in 2012”可知，此处用过去式。故选B。 6．句意：2021年10月16日，三名宇航员飞入太空。 On用于具体日期；At用于具体时间点；In用于时间段。根据“16th October, 2021”可知，此处指具体的日期，用介词On。故选A。 7．句意：大多数中国人都想知道空间站里真正发生了什么。 know知道，动词原形；to know想知道，动词不定式；knowing知道，动名词。want to do sth意为“想要做某事”，固定词组。故选B。 8．句意：首先，他们在六个月的太空停留期间进行了数百次科学实验。 care关心，动词；careful小心的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。此处修饰动词did，用副词。故选C。 9．句意：他们还给中国学生上了教育课。 lesson课程，名词单数；lessons课程，名词复数；lesson’s课程的，名词所有格。根据“gave educational...”可知，此处表示不止一节课，用复数形式。故选B。 10．句意：所有的学生都玩得开心。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词。enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”，固定词组。故选C。 2、 任务型阅读 Swimming is really interesting, but you need to know how to be safe around water. Swimming Pools It’s exciting to swim in the swimming pool, but it’s important to test the pool’s water temperature (温度) first. When you jump into cold water, your heart rate (心率) will go up. Other rules to follow: Always have an adult (成年人) watch you when you’re in the pool. Walk slowly near the pool. Don’t run. If you’re just learning to swim, stay in the shallow (浅的) water. Don’t push (推) others. You could hurt them or yourself. Water Parks To stay safe, find out how deep the water is first. Other water park safety tips: Wear a life jacket if you don’t know how to swim or if you’re not a good swimmer. Read all of the signs before playing. Make sure you’re tall enough and old enough. Make sure there’s a lifeguard (救生员), and she or he can help you. 1．We should________________ first before jumping into the pool.(不超过5词) 2．A teenager should go swimming with_____________. (不超过2词) 3．We should_____________________________ if we are just learning to swim.(任选1项，不超过5词) 4．We should ask____________ for help in the water park.(不超过2词) 5． Why should we read all the signs before playing in water parks? (不超过15词) _________________________________________ 【答案】1．test the pool’s water temperature 2． an adult. 3． stay in the shallow water /wear a life jacket. 4． the lifeguard . 5．To make sure we’re tall enough and old enough. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在游泳池和水上公园游泳时的安全注意事项。 1．根据“It’s important to test the pool’s water temperature first”可知，首先测试游泳池的水温很重要。故填test the pool’s water temperature . 2．根据“Always have an adult watch you when you’re in the pool”可知，在游泳池时，一定要有成年人照看。故填 an adult. 3．根据“If you’re just learning to swim, stay in the shallow water”可知，如果你刚开始学游泳，待在浅水区；根据“Wear a life jacket if you don’t know how to swim or if you’re not a good swimmer.”可知，如果你不知道如何游泳，或者如果你不擅长游泳，穿一件救生衣。故填stay in the shallow water/ wear a life jacket. 4．根据“Make sure there’s a lifeguard, and she or he can help you”可知，确保有救生员在场，她/他可以提供帮助。故填the lifeguard . 5．根据“Read all of the signs before playing. Make sure you’re tall enough and old enough”可知，玩耍前阅读所有标志，确保你的身高和年龄符合要求。故填To make sure we’re tall enough and old enough. 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