精品解析：北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末检测英语试题

2025 ~ 2026 学年度第一学期期末检测高一英语试卷 (考试时间 100 分钟 满分 100 分) 本试卷共 10 页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A friend called me the “angel” (天使) of marathon because I “rescued” a runner during a marathon. For me, nothing is more ____1____ than seeing someone in tears by the roadside turn into a medal-wearer at the finish. The memorable incident took place at the Brighton Marathon. I was jogging alongside Marian, a fellow walk-runner, when we saw a young participant ____2____ at the side of the road. We went over to see if she was okay. “I’m running with my two sisters, but I just can’t go on,” she said. After ensuring that she wasn’t ____3____, I cheered her on, “If you run with us, I’m sure you’ll be sleeping in your medal tonight. Just focus on the stories I’m going to tell you and these last three miles will ____4____.” During the next two miles, my stories lifted the girl’s spirits, turning her tears into a smile. Her ____5____ returned and she asked if she could go ahead without us. “Of course,” I said, “as long as you ____6____ to wait for us at the finish so we can take a photo of you with your medal!” The girl and her sisters did wait for us and they probably didn’t realize they had saved me! By encouraging me to recall my ____7____ running stories she made me forget about the leg pain. Marian, too, had ____8____ performed a runner rescue — not a chat runner like myself, she was a quiet listener, and we’d formed an unspoken partnership. If you, too, fancy doing a spot of life-saving, don’t forget the golden ____9____: check whether the runner is alright and whether they’d like to run in silence or would prefer to be _____10_____. And, make sure your stories are interesting enough — most will happily enjoy your stories. 1. A. relaxing B. interesting C. shocking D. satisfying 2. A. running B. cheering C. crying D. shouting 3. A. injured B. scared C. annoyed D. defeated 4. A. go on B. break down C. fly by D. drag on 5. A. attention B. curiosity C. confidence D. excitement 6. A. start B. expect C. offer D. promise 7. A. deepest B. funniest C. strangest D. saddest 8. A. fortunately B. carefully C. independently D. unknowingly 9. A. rules B. plans C. chances D. choices 10. A. surprised B. entertained C. protected D. challenged 第二节 选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。 第三节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 11. I promised that I ______ (attend) the meeting the following week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12. His ambition is ______ (become) a professional pianist in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13. It is our duty ______ (take) care of the environment for future generations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14. A wonderful English party ______ (organize) in our school hall last Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15. A group of visitors visited the factory ______ the famous electric cars are made. (用适当的词填空) 16. A new bridge ______ (build) over the river next year to ease the traffic pressure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17. Our class voted for the student ______ positive attitude has influenced the whole class. (用适当的词填空) 18. My brother enjoys ______ (play) chess because it can improve his concentration. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19. The young man saved pocket money for months ______ (buy) a birthday gift for his mother. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20. With their classmates’ support, the players felt ______ (encourage) before the final match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节 选词填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。 prohibit; select; shock; reward; inspire; ahead of; be capable of; a variety of; apply for; put up 21. The shopping mall offers ______ goods to meet the different needs of customers. 22. Smoking is strictly ______ on campus according to the school rules. 23. With a clear plan and full preparations, you will surely stay ______ your competitors. 24. As a ______ for his excellent academic performance, the school offered him a scholarship. 25. We ______ several tents in the backyard for the upcoming camping party last night. 26. It came as a ______ to me that the hot favourite came third in the final competition. 27. The judges ______ the best three paintings to display in the city art gallery so far. 28. Senior high school students should ______ taking responsibility for their learning choices. 29. Currently, we badly need someone who can ______ our team to set higher goals. 30. Many students hope to ______ the exchange program to experience different cultures. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A full scholarship covers almost everything for the three or four years of university. However, it is highly competitive. Here’s how you can improve your chances of earning one. Know where to look  University websites Start by visiting your chosen university’s official website. They often list scholarship opportunities for students from your location or in your subject.  QS ImpACT scholarships QS offers its own range of ImpACT scholarships, including awards for excellence in studies, community service, leadership, and social impact. To apply for a QS ImpACT scholarship, you must have an offer from an accepted university and have attended a QS Event( visit the website for details). Also, you must turn in an essay stating your background, interests, and how you’ll use the scholarship’s theme in your study or future career. Make yourself stand out from other applicants To stand out, it’s important to prove real efforts in bettering yourself. This means having a few out-of-class activities to show your passions and interests, as well as examples of times you’ve got involved with the local community. Leadership skills are also hugely valued, and you can show this by volunteering to lead projects in your after - school activities or community work. Another thing that could really make you stand out from the rest is a strong report on your research competence and personal qualities through your letters of recommendation. Submit a high - quality cover letter Your cover letter needs to be the best quality it can possibly be. This means it’s clear and brief, is formatted (格式) correctly, draws the reader in with a powerful introduction, stays focused on its key theme or topic, and has no spelling and grammar mistakes. Follow these steps, and you’ll be more likely to secure that full scholarship you’re aiming for! 31. Applicants for QS ImpACT scholarships must ________. A. prepare a personal essay B. perform community service C. win study awards D. organize a QS Event 32. To be an outstanding scholarship applicant, you should________. A. take courses in leadership skills B. show your efforts in self - improvement C. do research on your subject D. report on your community work 33. A high-quality cover letter should________. A. have a flexible format B. include more than one topic C. provide as many details as possible D attract readers with a strong introduction B Frank Mundus was known as the real-life Captain Quint, the cold shark killer in the movie Jaws, long before the film hit theaters. For over 50 years, he built a reputation for catching some large sharks. But many people don’t know what this famous fisherman underwent in his later years. Mundus began actively supporting shark conservation (保护) and calling for less harmful fishing methods, showing that even the most successful commercial (商业的) fishermen could change their ways. Mundus isn’t alone. Take Michel Goff, who grew up in the Vezo fishing village in Madagascar. Goff once participated in damaging fishing practices, targeting sharks, turtles, and whales. Today, he’s become one of Madagascar’s leading conservation wildlife filmmakers, using his camera to reveal the wonder of sea life and inspire others to protect it. “I care a lot about our oceans. I had no formal education but the sea was there to provide for me, my family and my community,” he explained in an interview. “If we don’t improve the way that fisheries are managed, I am worried fish will run out and that there will be nothing left to support future generations and our planet. This is what drives me to do the work that I do. I want to help to give people a voice and to stand up against those that are destroying our environment.” Similar success stories are appearing worldwide. On Indonesia’s Lombok Island, former shark fishermen have become environmental educators, teaching the next generation about ocean conservation. In Italy’s Puglia area, local fishermen partnered with conservationists to establish a reserve (保护区) that not only protected sea life but also improved their catches, proving that conservation and livelihood can go hand in hand. “We are the guardians,” Italian fisherman Cosimo Di Biasi said. “The sea that kisses our shores is ours.” Through their deep knowledge of the sea and its creatures, these former fishermen bring brilliant ideas and practical experience to conservation efforts, helping bridge the distance between commercial fishing interests and environmental protection. 34. What can we learn about Frank Mundus in Paragraph 1? A. He caught the largest shark in the world. B. He changed his attitude towards shark fishing. C. He became famous after the movie Jaws was shown. D. He called for traditional fishing methods in his later years. 35. According to the passage, Michel Goff ______. A. balances tourism and conservation efforts B. works to relieve concerns about the ocean C. inspires people to speak up for the environment D. studies ocean biology for his filmmaking career 36. What do we know about the fishermen in the passage? A. They see themselves as owners of the sea. B. They realize the importance of conservation. C. They see conservation as a short - term solution. D. They focus on building ocean reserves worldwide. 37. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of protecting sea life. B. The harm of commercial fishing to the ocean. C The shift of fishermen from hunters to protectors. D. The history of shark hunting in different countries. C People’s views are becoming more and more divided, with “echo chambers” — social environments where individuals’ existing beliefs are strengthened — causing greater differences in opinion. But social media is not the only cause, according to a recent study published in the USA. It turns out that people use search engines in ways that make it easier to slip into “echo chambers”. A simple improvement to search algorithms (算法), the researchers suggest, could help deliver a broader range of views. Online participants were asked to express their beliefs on six topics including health effects of caffeine (咖啡因). They then chose search phrases to learn more about each topic. The researchers examined the phrases’ range and found that between 9 and 34 percent were “narrow”. For example, when researching the health effects of caffeine, only one participant used “caffeine’s negative effects”, whereas others used “benefits of caffeine”. These narrow phrases tended to align with participants’ existing beliefs, and generally less than 10 percent did this knowingly. “Search algorithms are designed to give the most relevant answers for whatever we type, which ends up deepening what we already thought,” says Eugina Leung who led the study. “These belief-driven searches trap us in the ‘echo chambers’ that are usually unrecognized.” When the researchers randomly (随机地) let participants with similar beliefs view different results, they saw those results impact people’s opinions and even behavior. For instance, people who saw results using “caffeine health benefits”, rather than “risks”, were more likely to choose a caffeinated drink afterward. Pointing out problems in the search phrases had only a small effect on people’s final opinions. But changing the search algorithm either to always provide broad results or to switch between results obtained with broad and user-provided terms reduced the effects of narrow searches, thus removing “echo chambers”. “We have thought through how these technologies could be improved for the benefit of users,” says Kathleen Hall Jamieson of the University of Pennsylvania. “For search technology to do what we need it to do, this kind of research is very important.” Participants considered the broader results as just as useful and related as standard searches. “People are able to bring in different inspirations when they’re exposed to them, which is encouraging,” Leung says. The researchers recommend applying such strategies, possibly as “search broadly” buttons. “This would be really helpful,” Leung says, but whether it will ever happen “is hard to predict”. 38. What can be inferred about the search phrases chosen by participants? A. They challenged participants’ beliefs. B. They were shaped by social media. C. They made “echo chambers” worse. D. They were diverse among participants. 39. What does the phrase “align with” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Match. B. Remove. C. Question. D. Change. 40. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage? A. Make a comparison. B. Give a suggestion. C. Explain a concept. D. Predict a trend. 41. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Charm of Broad Searching B. The Secret of Search Algorithms C. How You Can Improve Search Phrases D. How You Search Can Deepen Your Beliefs D There is a popular saying in modern therapy (治疗) culture that you shouldn’t try to change — you are perfectly imperfect, and that the right people will enjoy all the little things that make you unique. Relatedly, personality has traditionally been defined as a pretty stable collection of characteristics. Yet plenty of evidence shows that our personalities are more changeable than expected, fuelling the drive to learn the skills of personality change to improve our lives. For example, a 2024 study found that three months of digital coaching increased characteristics like emotional stability and responsibility. Other characteristics provide further support for the flexibility of personality. Carl Jung said there is no “pure” introvert (内向) or extrovert (外向) and that they are a spectrum (光谱). Some naturally take center stage in social settings, while others prefer observing things quietly in the corner — yet these tendencies are not fixed. Who you are on a cold winter Wednesday is likely to be different from who you are on a sunny Saturday. Wherever you are on this spectrum, research shows that getting enough social connection is crucial. Displaying extroverted characteristics is linked with being better able to cope with the physical effects of stress, like higher blood pressure and heart rate. The Harvard Study of Adult Development, an 80-year project tracking the lives of about 700 men to understand the core components (组成部分) of a happy and healthy life, found that nothing matters more to that end than strong social relationships. Even if you’ve already filed yourself as a hardcore introvert, adopting a more social approach may be easier than you think. Research from 2022 shows that it is the strength of someone’s identity as an introvert, more than how highly they score on characteristics of introversion, that makes them uncomfortable when pushed to act more outgoing. This shows that caring less about your self - image helps make changes on purpose. Already highly extroverted? Perhaps you would benefit from working to boost your capacity for reflection, a characteristic often found in those who prefer a quieter life. Similarly, enhancing other characteristics linked with well-being, like becoming more open to new experiences, has repeatedly been shown to be possible. Challenging the belief that personality types are fixed might lead to greater happiness. Making peace with who we are now while remaining open to who we might become is perhaps the truest path to freedom. 42. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Introverts can become extroverts. B. Modern therapy culture has become popular. C. Digital coaching helps with personality stability. D. Personality affects our views on weather change. 43. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Introverts handle mental stress well. B. Social relationships influence happiness. C. Extroversion is necessary for physical health. D. Caring about self-image ensures social comfort. 44. What is the author’s attitude towards personality change? A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Solitude is the state of being alone. Time alone might be “voluntary or involuntary — pleasant or unpleasant — all depending on the situation”, explains psychologist Thuy-vy Nguyen. Nguyen and her team have been studying how solitude shapes our inner experiences. ____45____ It also makes people feel more independent and in control, allowing them to interact with their surroundings in their own way. But how do people make use of these benefits? To Nguyen, solitude only helps when it is a matter of choice. In a 2023 study, she and her colleagues looked at the benefits and harms of solitude. ____46____ The researchers found that more time alone generally reduced satisfaction, but those who chose to be alone felt just as satisfied as when they were not alone. Another researcher Morgan Ross encourages a deeper look at what it means to be alone. In a 2024 paper, he introduced the idea of “shades(程度) of solitude”, which range from deep solitude — such as being alone in a cabin (小木屋) without a phone — to light solitude, like spending an afternoon alone watching videos or reading. In the lightest shade, you’re still engaged with someone else’s thoughts, whether written in a book or posted on social media. ____47____ You can talk to them before or after. Solitude can be beneficial in everyday moments. ____48____ A solitary (独自的) walk in the park, a few minutes in your room with a book and a cup of tea, with your phone nearby if you choose, can also offer benefits. ____49____ That is, solitude helps if you seek it out rather than find yourself stuck in it. To make the most of your alone time, Nguyen suggests exploring what works best for you, making sure it feels purposeful. A. It is just a short break from your social ties. B. There is no ideal balance between solitude and socialization. C. You don’t need to spend a week in a cabin to enjoy the benefits of time alone. D. They asked 178 participants to report their daily activities and satisfaction levels. E. In this new social aloneness, people are disconnected both physically and virtually. F. Ross and Nguyen agree that getting the most from alone time requires purpose and choice. G. They’ve found that being alone helps people manage strong feelings like excitement and anger. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I have been a stutterer (口吃的人) since I was about 7 years old. As a child, I avoided speaking. I learned speech therapy techniques, but I was comfortable in my own mind and didn’t really need to share my thoughts. Then I fell in love with science, where accuracy mattered not only in experiments, but also in communication. So during graduate school, I restarted speech therapy and worked hard to gain confidence in my own voice. I thought I had it under control. As I became an assistant professor, facing the challenges of starting a research group, my stuttering returned. Between stresses such as funds, papers, project management, and paperwork, and being a father of four young children, I had too little mental space left to devote to preparing to speak. One day, in my class, I found myself unable to say “equilibrium”. Later that day, I struggled to tell a colleague the name of my newborn daughter. The students seemed to brush aside my difficulty, and my colleague changed the subject after a brief awkward moment. Still, a feeling of shame remained, conflicting with my self-image as a capable scientist. Eventually I came to a realization: I will probably never be free of my stutter. At the same time, I began to wonder whether I can gain some good from it. If radiation can be used to cure cancer, why can’t my stutter make me better, too? I have decided to reject feelings of shame and instead choose to be humble; to accept my weaknesses and welcome the new insights they provide. This mindset can help my work as well. I can use similar strategies when I receive funding rejections or belittling paper reviews. I am not in control, but I can, with proper effort, participate in the conversation. 50. What did the author do to deal with his stutter when he was a child? ______________________________________________________________________________ 51 Why did the author’s stutter return when he became an assistant professor? ______________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the author failed to say “equilibrium” in class, his feeling of shame was relieved by his students’ reaction. ______________________________________________________________________________ 53. How can you deal with your weakness in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 打算在寒假通过一项体育运动来锻炼身体，并就此征求你的建议。请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容如下： 1. 你建议的体育项目； 2. 就以上建议说明理由。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025 ~ 2026 学年度第一学期期末检测高一英语试卷 (考试时间 100 分钟 满分 100 分) 本试卷共 10 页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30 分) 第一节 完形填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A friend called me the “angel” (天使) of marathon because I “rescued” a runner during a marathon. For me, nothing is more ____1____ than seeing someone in tears by the roadside turn into a medal-wearer at the finish. The memorable incident took place at the Brighton Marathon. I was jogging alongside Marian, a fellow walk-runner, when we saw a young participant ____2____ at the side of the road. We went over to see if she was okay. “I’m running with my two sisters, but I just can’t go on,” she said. After ensuring that she wasn’t ____3____, I cheered her on, “If you run with us, I’m sure you’ll be sleeping in your medal tonight. Just focus on the stories I’m going to tell you and these last three miles will ____4____.” During the next two miles, my stories lifted the girl’s spirits, turning her tears into a smile. Her ____5____ returned and she asked if she could go ahead without us. “Of course,” I said, “as long as you ____6____ to wait for us at the finish so we can take a photo of you with your medal!” The girl and her sisters did wait for us and they probably didn’t realize they had saved me! By encouraging me to recall my ____7____ running stories, she made me forget about the leg pain. Marian, too, had ____8____ performed a runner rescue — not a chat runner like myself, she was a quiet listener, and we’d formed an unspoken partnership. If you, too, fancy doing a spot of life-saving, don’t forget the golden ____9____: check whether the runner is alright and whether they’d like to run in silence or would prefer to be _____10_____. And, make sure your stories are interesting enough — most will happily enjoy your stories. 1. A. relaxing B. interesting C. shocking D. satisfying 2. A. running B. cheering C. crying D. shouting 3. A. injured B. scared C. annoyed D. defeated 4. A. go on B. break down C. fly by D. drag on 5. A. attention B. curiosity C. confidence D. excitement 6. A. start B. expect C. offer D. promise 7. A. deepest B. funniest C. strangest D. saddest 8. A. fortunately B. carefully C. independently D. unknowingly 9. A. rules B. plans C. chances D. choices 10. A. surprised B. entertained C. protected D. challenged 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在布莱顿马拉松中，和同伴一起鼓励一位中途想要放弃的女跑者坚持完成比赛的经历。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，没有什么比看到路边泪流满面的人最终在终点线戴上奖牌更令人满足的了。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. interesting有趣的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. satisfying令人满足的。根据前文“A friend called me the “angel” (天使) of marathon because I “rescued” a runner during a marathon.”，可知作者看到他人因自己的帮助实现目标，内心会产生满足感，故选D。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正和同为跑走选手的玛丽安并肩慢跑，这时我们看到一位年轻的参赛者在路边哭泣。A. running跑步；B. cheering欢呼；C. crying哭泣；D. shouting大喊。根据后文“turning her tears into a smile”的表述，可知这位跑者此时因无法坚持比赛而落泪，故选C。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在确认她没有受伤后，我为她加油鼓劲。A. injured受伤的；B. scared害怕的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. defeated受挫的。根据前文看到跑者在路边哭泣，以及帮助他人的基本常识，可知首先要确认对方的身体状况，是否存在受伤情况，故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：专注听我讲的故事就好，这最后三英里很快就会过去的。A. go on继续；B. break down出故障、崩溃；C. fly by飞逝；D. drag on拖延。根据前文“If you run with us, I’m sure you’ll be sleeping in your medal tonight. Just focus on the stories I’m going to tell you and these last three miles”，可知作者鼓励跑者坚持下去，结合讲故事能转移注意力、让时间过得更快的常识，作者想告诉对方最后三英里会很快度过，故选C。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她重新找回了信心，还问能不能先往前走，不用等我们。A. attention注意力；B. curiosity好奇心；C. confidence信心；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文“my stories lifted the girl’s spirits, turning her tears into a smile”的表述，可知跑者的情绪得到好转，重新拥有了坚持比赛的信心，故选C。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说：“当然可以，只要你答应在终点等我们，这样我们就能拍一张你拿着奖牌的照片了！”A. start开始；B. expect期待；C. offer主动提出；D. promise承诺。根据前文“she asked if she could go ahead without us”，可知跑者想要独自前行，结合后文“wait for us at the finish”的约定，可知作者要求对方做出承诺，故选D。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过鼓励我回忆那些最有趣的跑步故事，她让我忘记了腿部的疼痛。A. deepest最深的；B. funniest最有趣的；C. strangest最奇怪的；D. saddest最悲伤的。根据前文作者用讲故事的方式鼓励跑者，以及故事能转移注意力、带来愉悦感的特点，可知作者讲的是有趣的故事，故选B。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：玛丽安也在不知不觉中完成了一次对跑者的救助——她不像我这样健谈，而是一个安静的倾听者，我们形成了一种无言的搭档关系。A. fortunately幸运地；B. carefully仔细地；C. independently独立地；D. unknowingly不知不觉地。根据后文“we’d formed an unspoken partnership”的表述，可知玛丽安的倾听也是一种帮助，而这种帮助并非刻意为之，而是无意间达成的，故选D。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你也想做些助人的善举，别忘了这些黄金准则。A. rules准则；B. plans计划；C. chances机会；D. choices选择。根据后文冒号后的内容“check whether the runner is alright and whether they’d like to run in silence ”，可知是帮助马拉松跑者的具体注意事项，这些是需要遵循的准则，故选A。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：确认跑步者的身体状况，以及他们是想安静地跑，还是更喜欢有人逗他们开心。A. surprised使惊讶；B. entertained使快乐、逗乐；C. protected保护；D. challenged挑战。根据前文作者用讲有趣故事的方式帮助跑者，以及后文“most will happily enjoy your stories”的表述，可知部分跑者需要他人的陪伴和趣味互动来缓解疲惫、坚持比赛，故选B。 第二节 选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。 第三节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 11. I promised that I ______ (attend) the meeting the following week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would attend 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我承诺过会在下周参加那个会议。由promised和the following week可知，句子用过去将来时would attend，故填would attend。 12. His ambition is ______ (become) a professional pianist in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to become 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——他的志向是将来成为一名专业的钢琴家。is为系动词，此处用动词不定式to become作表语，说明主语ambition（志向）的具体内容。故填to become。 13. It is our duty ______ (take) care of the environment for future generations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to take 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为子孙后代保护环境是我们的责任。本句为固定句型It is one's duty to do sth.，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故填to take。 14. A wonderful English party ______ (organize) in our school hall last Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was organized 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：上周五，一场精彩的英语派对在我们学校礼堂举办。由last Friday可知，时态是一般过去时，晚会是被组织，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语A wonderful English party是单数，因此空格处是was organized。故填was organized。 15. A group of visitors visited the factory ______ the famous electric cars are made. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：一群游客参观了那家生产著名电动汽车的工厂。先行词the factory是地点名词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，因此用关系副词where引导，相当于in which。故填where。 16. A new bridge ______ (build) over the river next year to ease the traffic pressure. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be built 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：明年将在河上新建一座桥，以缓解交通压力。由next year可知，时态用一般将来时，桥是被建，因此用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。故填will be built。 17. Our class voted for the student ______ positive attitude has influenced the whole class. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我们班投票选出了那位积极态度影响了全班的学生。先行词为the student，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰positive attitude，表“……的”，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 18. My brother enjoys ______ (play) chess because it can improve his concentration. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】playing 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：——我哥哥喜欢下国际象棋，因为这能提高他的专注力。enjoy doing sth是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，所以用play的动名词形式playing，在句中作enjoys的宾语。故填playing。 19. The young man saved pocket money for months ______ (buy) a birthday gift for his mother. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to buy 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个年轻人攒了几个月的零花钱，为了给妈妈买一份生日礼物。此处用不定式作目的状语，表达“攒钱”的目的是“买礼物”。故填to buy。 20. With their classmates’ support, the players felt ______ (encourage) before the final match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】encouraged 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在同学们的支持下，队员们在决赛前感到备受鼓舞。felt后跟形容词作表语，由With their classmates’ support可知，此处表示“受到鼓舞的”，形容词是encouraged。故填encouraged。 第二节 选词填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并用其正确形式填空。 prohibit; select; shock; reward; inspire; ahead of; be capable of; a variety of; apply for; put up 21. The shopping mall offers ______ goods to meet the different needs of customers. 22. Smoking is strictly ______ on campus according to the school rules. 23. With a clear plan and full preparations, you will surely stay ______ your competitors. 24. As a ______ for his excellent academic performance, the school offered him a scholarship. 25. We ______ several tents in the backyard for the upcoming camping party last night. 26. It came as a ______ to me that the hot favourite came third in the final competition. 27. The judges ______ the best three paintings to display in the city art gallery so far. 28. Senior high school students should ______ taking responsibility for their learning choices. 29. Currently, we badly need someone who can ______ our team to set higher goals. 30. Many students hope to ______ the exchange program to experience different cultures. 【答案】21. a variety of 22. prohibited 23. ahead of 24. reward 25. put up 26. shock 27. have selected 28. be capable of 29. inspire 30. apply for 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：购物中心提供各种各样的商品，以满足顾客的不同需求。“a variety of”是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，修饰名词“goods”，表示商品种类繁多，符合语境。故填a variety of。 【22题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：根据校规，校园内严禁吸烟。“prohibit”意为“禁止”符合语境，“Smoking”与“prohibit”之间是被动关系，即“吸烟被禁止”，所以用被动语态“be +过去分词”，“prohibit”的过去分词是“prohibited”。故填prohibited。 【23题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：有了清晰的计划和充分的准备，你肯定会领先于你的竞争对手。“ahead of”是固定短语，意为“在……之前；领先”，“stay ahead of...”表示“保持领先于……”，符合句子表达的在竞争中领先他人的意思。故填ahead of。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为对他优异学业成绩的奖励，学校给他提供了奖学金。“reward”作名词时，意为“奖励；回报”，“as a reward for...”表示“作为对……的奖励”，符合语境。故填reward。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：昨晚我们在后院搭起了几顶帐篷，为即将到来的露营派对做准备。“put up”有“搭建；张贴”等意思，在此处表示“搭建帐篷”。根据“last night”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“put”的过去式还是“put”。故填put up。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：最热门的选手在决赛中获得第三名，这让我很震惊。“shock”作名词时，意为“震惊；令人震惊的事”，“come as a shock to sb.”表示“使某人震惊”，符合句子描述的事件让人震惊的语境。故填shock。 【27题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，评委们已经选出了最好的三幅画在市美术馆展出。“select”意为“选择；挑选”，“so far”是现在完成时的标志，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“The judges”是复数，助动词用“have”，“select”的过去分词是“selected”。故填have selected。 【28题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：高中生应该能够对自己的学习选择负责。“be capable of”是固定短语，意为“能够；有能力做……”，“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以用“be”的原形。故填be capable of。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：目前，我们急需有人能激励我们团队设定更高的目标。“inspire”意为“激励；鼓舞”符合语境，“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填inspire。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：许多学生希望申请交换项目，以体验不同的文化。“apply for”是固定短语，意为“申请”符合语境，“hope to do sth.”表示“希望做某事”，“to”后接动词原形。故填apply for。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A A full scholarship covers almost everything for the three or four years of university. However, it is highly competitive. Here’s how you can improve your chances of earning one. Know where to look  University websites Start by visiting your chosen university’s official website. They often list scholarship opportunities for students from your location or in your subject.  QS ImpACT scholarships QS offers its own range of ImpACT scholarships, including awards for excellence in studies, community service, leadership, and social impact. To apply for a QS ImpACT scholarship, you must have an offer from an accepted university and have attended a QS Event( visit the website for details). Also, you must turn in an essay stating your background, interests, and how you’ll use the scholarship’s theme in your study or future career. Make yourself stand out from other applicants To stand out, it’s important to prove real efforts in bettering yourself. This means having a few out-of-class activities to show your passions and interests, as well as examples of times you’ve got involved with the local community. Leadership skills are also hugely valued, and you can show this by volunteering to lead projects in your after - school activities or community work. Another thing that could really make you stand out from the rest is a strong report on your research competence and personal qualities through your letters of recommendation. Submit a high - quality cover letter Your cover letter needs to be the best quality it can possibly be. This means it’s clear and brief, is formatted (格式) correctly, draws the reader in with a powerful introduction, stays focused on its key theme or topic, and has no spelling and grammar mistakes. Follow these steps, and you’ll be more likely to secure that full scholarship you’re aiming for! 31. Applicants for QS ImpACT scholarships must ________. A. prepare a personal essay B. perform community service C. win study awards D. organize a QS Event 32. To be an outstanding scholarship applicant, you should________. A. take courses in leadership skills B. show your efforts in self - improvement C. do research on your subject D. report on your community work 33. A high-quality cover letter should________. A. have a flexible format B. include more than one topic C. provide as many details as possible D. attract readers with a strong introduction 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了全额奖学金虽涵盖大学数年的几乎所有费用但竞争激烈，同时详细给出了提升全额奖学金申请成功率的方法，包括找对奖学金申请渠道、让自己在申请者中脱颖而出以及提交高质量的求职信这几个方面。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中QS ImpACT scholarships部分的内容“Also, you must turn in an essay stating your background, interests, and how you’ll use the scholarship’s theme in your study or future career (此外，你还必须提交一篇论文，说明你的背景、兴趣以及你将如何在学习或未来职业中运用该奖学金的主题)”可知，提交个人相关的论文是该奖学金的申请要求之一。故选A。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Make yourself stand out from other applicants部分的首句“To stand out, it’s important to prove real efforts in bettering yourself (要脱颖而出，证明自己在自我提升方面付出了切实努力是很重要的)”可知，想要成为优秀的奖学金申请者，需要展现出在自我提升上所做的努力。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中Submit a high-quality cover letter部分的内容“Your cover letter needs to be the best quality it can possibly be. This means it’s clear and brief, is formatted correctly, draws the reader in with a powerful introduction, stays focused on its key theme or topic, and has no spelling and grammar mistakes (你的求职信要尽可能做到高质量。这意味着内容清晰简洁、格式正确、以有力的引言吸引读者、紧扣核心主题，且无拼写和语法错误)”可知，高质量的求职信需要以有感染力的引言吸引读者的注意力。故选D。 B Frank Mundus was known as the real-life Captain Quint, the cold shark killer in the movie Jaws, long before the film hit theaters. For over 50 years, he built a reputation for catching some large sharks. But many people don’t know what this famous fisherman underwent in his later years. Mundus began actively supporting shark conservation (保护) and calling for less harmful fishing methods, showing that even the most successful commercial (商业的) fishermen could change their ways. Mundus isn’t alone. Take Michel Goff, who grew up in the Vezo fishing village in Madagascar. Goff once participated in damaging fishing practices, targeting sharks, turtles, and whales. Today, he’s become one of Madagascar’s leading conservation wildlife filmmakers, using his camera to reveal the wonder of sea life and inspire others to protect it. “I care a lot about our oceans. I had no formal education but the sea was there to provide for me, my family and my community,” he explained in an interview. “If we don’t improve the way that fisheries are managed, I am worried fish will run out and that there will be nothing left to support future generations and our planet. This is what drives me to do the work that I do. I want to help to give people a voice and to stand up against those that are destroying our environment.” Similar success stories are appearing worldwide. On Indonesia’s Lombok Island, former shark fishermen have become environmental educators, teaching the next generation about ocean conservation. In Italy’s Puglia area, local fishermen partnered with conservationists to establish a reserve (保护区) that not only protected sea life but also improved their catches, proving that conservation and livelihood can go hand in hand. “We are the guardians,” Italian fisherman Cosimo Di Biasi said. “The sea that kisses our shores is ours.” Through their deep knowledge of the sea and its creatures, these former fishermen bring brilliant ideas and practical experience to conservation efforts, helping bridge the distance between commercial fishing interests and environmental protection. 34. What can we learn about Frank Mundus in Paragraph 1? A. He caught the largest shark in the world. B. He changed his attitude towards shark fishing. C He became famous after the movie Jaws was shown. D. He called for traditional fishing methods in his later years. 35. According to the passage, Michel Goff ______. A. balances tourism and conservation efforts B. works to relieve concerns about the ocean C. inspires people to speak up for the environment D. studies ocean biology for his filmmaking career 36. What do we know about the fishermen in the passage? A They see themselves as owners of the sea. B. They realize the importance of conservation. C. They see conservation as a short - term solution. D. They focus on building ocean reserves worldwide. 37. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of protecting sea life. B. The harm of commercial fishing to the ocean. C. The shift of fishermen from hunters to protectors. D The history of shark hunting in different countries. 【答案】34. B 35. C 36. B 37. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍多位原本从事海洋捕捞的渔民转变观念，投身海洋保护事业，用行动践行保护与生计共赢的故事。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For over 50 years, he built a reputation for catching some large sharks. But many people don’t know what this famous fisherman underwent in his later years. Mundus began actively supporting shark conservation and calling for less harmful fishing methods. (五十多年来，他因捕捉一些大型鲨鱼而声名鹊起。但很多人不知道这位著名的渔民在晚年经历了什么。芒德斯开始积极支持鲨鱼保护，并呼吁采用危害更小的捕鱼方法。)”可知，弗兰克·芒德斯从以捕鲨闻名转变为支持鲨鱼保护、呼吁无害捕鱼方式，改变了对捕鲨的态度。故选B项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““I care a lot about our oceans. I had no formal education but the sea was there to provide for me, my family and my community,” he explained in an interview. “If we don’t improve the way that fisheries are managed, I am worried fish will run out and that there will be nothing left to support future generations and our planet. This is what drives me to do the work that I do. I want to help to give people a voice and to stand up against those that are destroying our environment.”(“我十分关心我们的海洋。我没接受过正规教育，但大海一直养育着我、我的家人还有我们整个社区。”他在一次采访中这样说道。“如果我们不改进渔业的管理方式，我担心鱼类会濒临枯竭，到时候就再也没有东西能养活子孙后代、守护我们的地球了。这就是我坚持做这份工作的动力。我想帮大家发出心声，站出来对抗那些破坏我们环境的人。”)”可知，米歇尔·戈夫希望助力人们为环境发声，激励人们站出来保护海洋环境。故选C项。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For over 50 years, he built a reputation for catching some large sharks. But many people don’t know what this famous fisherman underwent in his later years. Mundus began actively supporting shark conservation and calling for less harmful fishing methods. (五十多年来，他因捕捉一些大型鲨鱼而声名鹊起。但很多人不知道这位著名的渔民在晚年经历了什么。芒德斯开始积极支持鲨鱼保护，并呼吁采用危害更小的捕鱼方法。)”及第三段中的““We are the guardians,” Italian fisherman Cosimo Di Biasi said. “The sea that kisses our shores is ours. (意大利渔民科西莫·迪·比亚西说：“我们是守护者，这片亲吻着我们海岸的大海是我们的。”)”可知，文中的渔民们都从原本的捕捞者转变为海洋保护者，充分意识到了海洋保护的重要性。故选B项。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“Through their deep knowledge of the sea and its creatures, these former fishermen bring brilliant ideas and practical experience to conservation efforts, helping bridge the distance between commercial fishing interests and environmental protection. (凭借对海洋及其生物的深入了解，这些曾经的渔民为保护工作带来了绝妙的想法和实践经验，助力拉近商业捕捞利益与环境保护之间的距离。)”可知，文章核心讲述了原本以捕捞海洋生物为生的渔民们，纷纷转变身份成为海洋保护者的转变过程。故选C项。 C People’s views are becoming more and more divided, with “echo chambers” — social environments where individuals’ existing beliefs are strengthened — causing greater differences in opinion. But social media is not the only cause, according to a recent study published in the USA. It turns out that people use search engines in ways that make it easier to slip into “echo chambers”. A simple improvement to search algorithms (算法), the researchers suggest, could help deliver a broader range of views. Online participants were asked to express their beliefs on six topics, including health effects of caffeine (咖啡因). They then chose search phrases to learn more about each topic. The researchers examined the phrases’ range and found that between 9 and 34 percent were “narrow”. For example, when researching the health effects of caffeine, only one participant used “caffeine’s negative effects”, whereas others used “benefits of caffeine”. These narrow phrases tended to align with participants’ existing beliefs, and generally less than 10 percent did this knowingly. “Search algorithms are designed to give the most relevant answers for whatever we type, which ends up deepening what we already thought,” says Eugina Leung who led the study. “These belief-driven searches trap us in the ‘echo chambers’ that are usually unrecognized.” When the researchers randomly (随机地) let participants with similar beliefs view different results, they saw those results impact people’s opinions and even behavior. For instance, people who saw results using “caffeine health benefits”, rather than “risks”, were more likely to choose a caffeinated drink afterward. Pointing out problems in the search phrases had only a small effect on people’s final opinions. But changing the search algorithm either to always provide broad results or to switch between results obtained with broad and user-provided terms reduced the effects of narrow searches, thus removing “echo chambers”. “We have thought through how these technologies could be improved for the benefit of users,” says Kathleen Hall Jamieson of the University of Pennsylvania. “For search technology to do what we need it to do, this kind of research is very important.” Participants considered the broader results as just as useful and related as standard searches. “People are able to bring in different inspirations when they’re exposed to them, which is encouraging,” Leung says. The researchers recommend applying such strategies, possibly as “search broadly” buttons. “This would be really helpful,” Leung says, but whether it will ever happen “is hard to predict”. 38. What can be inferred about the search phrases chosen by participants? A. They challenged participants’ beliefs. B. They were shaped by social media. C. They made “echo chambers” worse. D. They were diverse among participants. 39. What does the phrase “align with” underlined in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Match. B. Remove. C. Question. D. Change. 40. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage? A. Make a comparison. B. Give a suggestion. C. Explain a concept. D. Predict a trend. 41. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Charm of Broad Searching B. The Secret of Search Algorithms C. How You Can Improve Search Phrases D. How You Search Can Deepen Your Beliefs 【答案】38. C 39. A 40. B 41. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍人们使用搜索引擎的方式易让人陷入信息茧房，研究发现优化搜索算法可缓解该问题，并介绍了相关研究过程与结论。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It turns out that people use search engines in ways that make it easier to slip into “echo chambers”. (事实证明，人们使用搜索引擎的方式会让人更容易陷入“信息茧房”。)”以及第三段中的“These belief-driven searches trap us in the ‘echo chambers’ that are usually unrecognized. (这些由信念驱动的搜索让我们陷入了通常未被察觉的“信息茧房”。)”可知，参与者选择的搜索短语是受自身信念影响的窄化短语，这类搜索会让人陷入信息茧房，让信息茧房的问题变得更严重。故选C项。 【39题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“These narrow phrases tended to align with participants’ existing beliefs, and generally less than 10 percent did this knowingly. (这些窄化的搜索短语往往align with参与者已有的信念，而且通常只有不到10%的人是有意为之的。)”可知，这些窄化短语和参与者原本的信念相契合，因此画线短语的意思是“匹配、相一致”，与“match (匹配)”意义相近。故选A项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A simple improvement to search algorithms, the researchers suggest, could help deliver a broader range of views. (研究人员表示，对搜索算法进行一个简单的改进，可能有助于呈现更广泛的观点。)”以及第五段中的“But changing the search algorithm either to always provide broad results or to switch between results obtained with broad and user-provided terms reduced the effects of narrow searches, thus removing “echo chambers”.”(但将搜索算法修改为始终提供广泛的结果，或在通过广泛术语和用户提供的术语获得的结果之间切换，都能降低窄化搜索的影响，从而消除“信息茧房”。)可知，作者写这篇文章，意在结合相关研究结果，针对人们因搜索方式陷入信息茧房的问题给出优化搜索算法的相关建议。故选B项。 【41题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“It turns out that people use search engines in ways that make it easier to slip into “echo chambers”. (事实证明，人们使用搜索引擎的方式会让人更容易陷入“信息茧房”。)”以及第三段中的“Search algorithms are designed to give the most relevant answers for whatever we type, which ends up deepening what we already thought. (搜索算法的设计初衷是为我们输入的任何内容提供最相关的答案，而这最终会加深我们已有的想法。)”可知，文章核心围绕人们的搜索方式展开，说明人们受自身信念影响的窄化搜索方式，会让搜索引擎不断强化其原有信念，让人陷入信息茧房，所以，标题“你的搜索方式会加深你的信念。”概括了文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 D There is a popular saying in modern therapy (治疗) culture that you shouldn’t try to change — you are perfectly imperfect, and that the right people will enjoy all the little things that make you unique. Relatedly, personality has traditionally been defined as a pretty stable collection of characteristics. Yet plenty of evidence shows that our personalities are more changeable than expected, fuelling the drive to learn the skills of personality change to improve our lives. For example, a 2024 study found that three months of digital coaching increased characteristics like emotional stability and responsibility. Other characteristics provide further support for the flexibility of personality. Carl Jung said there is no “pure” introvert (内向) or extrovert (外向) and that they are a spectrum (光谱). Some naturally take center stage in social settings, while others prefer observing things quietly in the corner — yet these tendencies are not fixed. Who you are on a cold winter Wednesday is likely to be different from who you are on a sunny Saturday. Wherever you are on this spectrum, research shows that getting enough social connection is crucial. Displaying extroverted characteristics is linked with being better able to cope with the physical effects of stress, like higher blood pressure and heart rate. The Harvard Study of Adult Development, an 80-year project tracking the lives of about 700 men to understand the core components (组成部分) of a happy and healthy life, found that nothing matters more to that end than strong social relationships. Even if you’ve already filed yourself as a hardcore introvert, adopting a more social approach may be easier than you think. Research from 2022 shows that it is the strength of someone’s identity as an introvert, more than how highly they score on characteristics of introversion, that makes them uncomfortable when pushed to act more outgoing. This shows that caring less about your self - image helps make changes on purpose. Already highly extroverted? Perhaps you would benefit from working to boost your capacity for reflection, a characteristic often found in those who prefer a quieter life. Similarly, enhancing other characteristics linked with well-being, like becoming more open to new experiences, has repeatedly been shown to be possible. Challenging the belief that personality types are fixed might lead to greater happiness. Making peace with who we are now while remaining open to who we might become is perhaps the truest path to freedom. 42. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Introverts can become extroverts. B. Modern therapy culture has become popular. C. Digital coaching helps with personality stability. D. Personality affects our views on weather change. 43. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Introverts handle mental stress well. B. Social relationships influence happiness. C. Extroversion is necessary for physical health. D. Caring about self-image ensures social comfort. 44. What is the author’s attitude towards personality change? A. Neutral. B. Doubtful. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive. 【答案】42. A 43. B 44. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕人格的可塑性展开，反驳了“人格固定不变”的传统认知，通过研究和实例表明人格比人们预期的更具可变性。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Yet plenty of evidence shows that our personalities are more changeable than expected (然而大量证据表明，我们的人格比预期的更具可变性)”以及第二段“Carl Jung said there is no pure introvert or extrovert and that they are a spectrum. Some naturally take center stage in social settings, while others prefer observing things quietly in the corner — yet these tendencies are not fixed (卡尔·荣格认为，不存在纯粹的内向者或外向者，二者是一个连续的光谱。有些人天生在社交场合中成为焦点，而有些人则更喜欢在角落安静观察——但这些倾向并非一成不变)”可知，人格具有可变性，内向和外向的特质并非固定，由此可推断内向者可以转变为外向者。故选A。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The Harvard Study of Adult Development, an 80-year project tracking the lives of about 700 men to understand the core components of a happy and healthy life, found that nothing matters more to that end than strong social relationships (哈佛成人发展研究是一项历时80年的研究，追踪了约700名男性的生活，旨在探寻幸福健康生活的核心要素，该研究发现，对于实现这一目标而言，没有什么比牢固的社会关系更重要)”可知，牢固的社会关系对幸福健康的生活至关重要，由此可推断社会关系会影响幸福感。故选B。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“yet plenty of evidence shows that our personalities are more changeable than expected, fuelling the drive to learn the skills of personality change to improve our lives (然而大量证据表明，我们的人格比预期的更具可变性，这也促使人们想要学习改变人格的技巧来改善生活)”，第四段“Even if you’ve already filed yourself as a hardcore introvert, adopting a more social approach may be easier than you think (即使你自认是个极度内向的人，尝试更合群的方式可能比你想象的更容易)”，第五段“Similarly, enhancing other characteristics linked with well-being, like becoming more open to new experiences, has repeatedly been shown to be possible (同样，培养与幸福感相关的其他特质，比如更乐于接受新体验，也已被反复证明是可行的)”以及最后一段“Challenging the belief that personality types are fixed might lead to greater happiness (挑战人格类型固定不变的观念，可能会带来更多的幸福感)”可知，作者通篇都在阐述人格具有可变性，主动改变人格特质是可行的，且这种改变能改善生活、提升幸福感，由此可推断作者对人格改变持支持的态度。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Solitude is the state of being alone. Time alone might be “voluntary or involuntary — pleasant or unpleasant — all depending on the situation”, explains psychologist Thuy-vy Nguyen. Nguyen and her team have been studying how solitude shapes our inner experiences. ____45____ It also makes people feel more independent and in control, allowing them to interact with their surroundings in their own way. But how do people make use of these benefits? To Nguyen, solitude only helps when it is a matter of choice. In a 2023 study, she and her colleagues looked at the benefits and harms of solitude. ____46____ The researchers found that more time alone generally reduced satisfaction, but those who chose to be alone felt just as satisfied as when they were not alone. Another researcher Morgan Ross encourages a deeper look at what it means to be alone. In a 2024 paper, he introduced the idea of “shades(程度) of solitude”, which range from deep solitude — such as being alone in a cabin (小木屋) without a phone — to light solitude, like spending an afternoon alone watching videos or reading. In the lightest shade, you’re still engaged with someone else’s thoughts, whether written in a book or posted on social media. ____47____ You can talk to them before or after. Solitude can be beneficial in everyday moments. ____48____ A solitary (独自的) walk in the park, a few minutes in your room with a book and a cup of tea, with your phone nearby if you choose, can also offer benefits. ____49____ That is, solitude helps if you seek it out rather than find yourself stuck in it. To make the most of your alone time, Nguyen suggests exploring what works best for you, making sure it feels purposeful. A. It is just a short break from your social ties. B. There is no ideal balance between solitude and socialization. C. You don’t need to spend a week in a cabin to enjoy the benefits of time alone. D. They asked 178 participants to report their daily activities and satisfaction levels. E. In this new social aloneness, people are disconnected both physically and virtually. F. Ross and Nguyen agree that getting the most from alone time requires purpose and choice. G. They’ve found that being alone helps people manage strong feelings like excitement and anger. 【答案】45. G 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍独处的相关研究，探讨独处的益处、影响因素及不同程度的独处形式，指出有选择的独处才更有价值。 【45题详解】 根据前文“Nguyen and her team have been studying how solitude shapes our inner experiences. (Nguyen和她的团队一直在研究独处如何塑造我们的内心体验。)”以及后文“It also makes people feel more independent and in control, allowing them to interact with their surroundings in their own way. (它还能让人感到更独立、更有掌控感，允许人们以自己的方式与周围环境互动。)”中的also可知，空处应讲述团队研究发现的独处的一个益处，G选项“They’ve found that being alone helps people manage strong feelings like excitement and anger. (他们发现独处有助于人们管理诸如兴奋和愤怒之类的强烈情绪。)”中的They指代Nguyen and her team，且讲述的独处益处与后文的益处相并列，符合语境。故选G项。 【46题详解】 根据前文“In a 2023 study, she and her colleagues looked at the benefits and harms of solitude. (在2023年的一项研究中，她和同事研究了独处的益处和弊端。)”以及后文“The researchers found that more time alone generally reduced satisfaction, but those who chose to be alone felt just as satisfied as when they were not alone. (研究人员发现，独处时间越长，满意度通常越低，但那些选择独处的人感受到的满意度和非独处时一样。)”可知，空处应讲述这项研究的具体操作方式，D选项“They asked 178 participants to report their daily activities and satisfaction levels. (他们让178名参与者报告自己的日常活动和满意度水平。)”中的They指代she and her colleagues，且内容为研究的具体做法，与后文的研究发现相衔接，符合语境。故选D项。 【47题详解】 根据前文“In the lightest shade, you’re still engaged with someone else’s thoughts, whether written in a book or posted on social media. (在最浅独处程度中，你仍然在接触他人的想法，无论是写在书里的还是发布在社交媒体上的。)”以及后文“You can talk to them before or after. (你可以在这之前或之后和他们交流。)”可知，空处应说明这种浅度独处的本质特点，A选项“It is just a short break from your social ties. (这只是与社交联系的短暂中断。)”中的It指代前文的the lightest shade of solitude，且体现了浅度独处并未完全脱离社交的特点，与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选A项。 【48题详解】 根据前文“Solitude can be beneficial in everyday moments. (独处在日常时刻也能带来益处。)”以及后文“A solitary (独自的) walk in the park, a few minutes in your room with a book and a cup of tea, with your phone nearby if you choose, can also offer benefits. (在公园独自散步，在房间里伴着一本书一杯茶待上几分钟，若你愿意还可以把手机放在身边，这些也能带来益处。)”可知，空处应承接上文说明享受独处的益处不必采取极端的方式，C选项“You don’t need to spend a week in a cabin to enjoy the benefits of time alone. (你不必在小木屋里待上一周才能享受独处的益处。)”与后文列举的日常独处方式相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。 【49题详解】 根据后文“That is, solitude helps if you seek it out rather than find yourself stuck in it. To make the most of your alone time, Nguyen suggests exploring what works best for you, making sure it feels purposeful. (也就是说，主动寻求的独处才会带来帮助，而非被动陷入的独处。为了充分利用独处时间，Nguyen建议探索最适合自己的方式，确保独处是有意义的。)”可知，本段是对前文研究的总结，强调独处的价值在于选择和目的性，且整合了Nguyen和前文提到的Ross的研究观点，F选项“Ross and Nguyen agree that getting the most from alone time requires purpose and choice. (Ross和Nguyen都认为，要从独处时间中获得最大收益，需要有目的性和主动性的选择。)”既总结了两位研究者的共同观点，又与后文的解释相衔接，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I have been a stutterer (口吃的人) since I was about 7 years old. As a child, I avoided speaking. I learned speech therapy techniques, but I was comfortable in my own mind and didn’t really need to share my thoughts. Then I fell in love with science, where accuracy mattered not only in experiments, but also in communication. So during graduate school, I restarted speech therapy and worked hard to gain confidence in my own voice. I thought I had it under control. As I became an assistant professor, facing the challenges of starting a research group, my stuttering returned. Between stresses such as funds, papers, project management, and paperwork, and being a father of four young children, I had too little mental space left to devote to preparing to speak. One day, in my class, I found myself unable to say “equilibrium”. Later that day, I struggled to tell a colleague the name of my newborn daughter. The students seemed to brush aside my difficulty, and my colleague changed the subject after a brief awkward moment. Still, a feeling of shame remained, conflicting with my self-image as a capable scientist. Eventually I came to a realization: I will probably never be free of my stutter. At the same time, I began to wonder whether I can gain some good from it. If radiation can be used to cure cancer, why can’t my stutter make me better, too? I have decided to reject feelings of shame and instead choose to be humble; to accept my weaknesses and welcome the new insights they provide. This mindset can help my work as well. I can use similar strategies when I receive funding rejections or belittling paper reviews. I am not in control, but I can, with proper effort, participate in the conversation. 50. What did the author do to deal with his stutter when he was a child? ______________________________________________________________________________ 51. Why did the author’s stutter return when he became an assistant professor? ______________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When the author failed to say “equilibrium” in class, his feeling of shame was relieved by his students’ reaction. ______________________________________________________________________________ 53. How can you deal with your weakness in your daily life? (In about 40 words) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. He avoided speaking. 51. Because he had too little mental space left to devote to preparing to speak. 52. When the author failed to say “equilibrium” in class, his feeling of shame was relieved by his students’ reaction. Explanation: The students seemed to brush aside his difficulty, but a feeling of shame remained. 53. I can face my weakness bravely, try to improve it through learning and practice, and also accept it with a positive attitude. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自幼口吃，在不同人生阶段口吃状况反复，最终接纳自身缺陷并从这种经历中获得成长与感悟的故事。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“I have been a stutterer (口吃的人) since I was about 7 years old. As a child, I avoided speaking.(我从7岁左右就开始口吃了。小时候，我总是避免说话。)”可知，作者小时候应对口吃的方式是避免说话。故答案为He avoided speaking. 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“As I became an assistant professor, facing the challenges of starting a research group, my stuttering returned. Between stresses such as funds, papers, project management, and paperwork, and being a father of four young children, I had too little mental space left to devote to preparing to speak.(当我成为一名助理教授，面临组建研究小组的挑战时，我的口吃又复发了。面对资金、论文、项目管理、文书工作等压力，还要做四个年幼孩子的父亲，我几乎没有多余的精力用来准备说话。)”可知，作者成为助理教授后口吃复发的原因是各类压力和育儿琐事让他几乎没有多余的精力用来准备说话。故答案为Because he had too little mental space left to devote to preparing to speak. 【52题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第四段“One day, in my class, I found myself unable to say “equilibrium”. Later that day, I struggled to tell a colleague the name of my newborn daughter. The students seemed to brush aside my difficulty, and my colleague changed the subject after a brief awkward moment. Still, a feeling of shame remained, conflicting with my self-image as a capable scientist. (有一天在课堂上，我发现自己说不出“平衡”这个词。学生们似乎没有在意我的困难，同事也在短暂的尴尬后转移了话题。但羞耻感依然存在，这与我作为一名能干的科学家的自我形象相冲突。)”可知，学生虽看似不在意作者的困难，但作者的羞耻感并未得到缓解，依旧存在。由此可知，When the author failed to say “equilibrium” in class, his feeling of shame was relieved by his students’ reaction.中“his feeling of shame was relieved by his students’ reaction”错误。故答案为When the author failed to say “equilibrium” in class, his feeling of shame was relieved by his students’ reaction. Explanation: The students seemed to brush aside his difficulty, but a feeling of shame remained. 【53题详解】 考查开放性试题，答案合理即可。结合文章中作者接纳自身弱点并以积极心态面对的态度，阐述自身应对弱点的方式即可。我能勇敢直面自己的不足，努力通过学习和实践去改进它，也能以积极的心态接纳它。故答案为I can face my weakness bravely, try to improve it through learning and practice, and also accept it with a positive attitude. 第二节(20分) 54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 打算在寒假通过一项体育运动来锻炼身体，并就此征求你的建议。请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容如下： 1. 你建议的体育项目； 2. 就以上建议说明理由。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Jim, I’m glad to know that you want to do some physical exercise during the winter vacation. I recommend jogging. First, it is easy to carry out and doesn’t require special equipment. You can jog in the park or on the campus. Second, jogging is good for your heart and lungs, which can improve your physical fitness. Also, it can help you relieve stress and make you feel relaxed. Just put on your sports shoes and start jogging. I believe you will enjoy it. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim写邮件，为其寒假锻炼身体推荐体育项目并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 快乐的：glad→pleased 实施；开展：carry out→conduct 设备：equipment→facilities 缓解压力：relieve stress→reduce pressure/ease tension 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, it is easy to carry out and doesn’t require special equipment. 拓展句：First, jogging is such an easy sport to carry out that it doesn’t require any special equipment. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to know that you want to do some physical exercise during the winter vacation.（运用that引导的宾语从句作know的宾语） 【高分句型2】Second, jogging is good for your heart and lungs, which can improve your physical fitness.（运用which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $