专题08 形容词和副词（复习讲义）（广东专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题08 形容词和副词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 形容词 3 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 一、形容词的种类和构成 3 二、形容词的基本用法 5 三、形容词的位置 6 四、形容词的比较等级及用法 7 1. 规则变化 7 2. 不规则变化 7 3.形容词比较等级的结构和句型 8 五、形容词的搭配与句型 10 六、常见易混形容词辨析 11 副词 14 02 思维导图·网络构建 15 03 考点通关·靶向突破 15 一、副词的种类和构成 15 1）副词的分类 16 2）副词的构成 17 二、副词的句法功能 18 三、副词的位置 18 四、副词的比较等级 19 五、形容词和副词用法辨析 20 六、常见易混副词辨析 21 04 优题精选·练能提分 25 课标要求 复习目标 形容词基本用法 · 1. 掌握形容词的基本用法，包括在句中作定语、表语、补语等。 · 2. 掌握副词的基本用法，包括在句中作状语、修饰动词/形容词/副词/整句等。 1. 能准确区分形容词与副词的功能、位置及在句中的搭配规律。 2. 能熟练运用形容词和副词的等级比较结构，完成情景表达。 3. 能在语法选择、语法填空、选词填空等题型中快速判断并正确使用。 副词基本用法 · 形容词和副词的等级比较 · 3. 掌握形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级的构成及用法。 命题预测 形容词和副词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度： 主要在语法选择、语法填空、完形填空、选词填空等题型中考查。高频考点为：词性判定与正确使用、词形转换规则、系动 / 实动的搭配区别、enough 特殊位置、比较级和最高级的用法及修饰词。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：看搭配 系动词（be/look/seem/feel 等）后用形容词；行为动词后用副词。 锦囊 2：看位置 修饰普通名词用形容词前置；修饰复合不定代词用形容词后置；修饰形容词 / 副词用副词前置。 锦囊 3：看语境 比较级常与 than、much、even 等词搭配；最高级常与 the、in/of 短语等搭配。 锦囊 4：看词形 注意词形相同但词性不同的词（如 early 既可以是形容词也可以是副词），需结合句子成分判断。 注意：解答中考英语形容词副词题，先根据修饰对象和句子成分判定词性（修饰名 / 代、作定 / 表 / 宾补用形容词，修饰动 / 形 / 副 / 整句、作状语用副词）；再关注词形变形规则、系动 / 实动区分、enough 位置等高频考点，按 “划关键词 — 定成分 — 查变形 — 验搭配” 步骤解题。 形容词 一、形容词的种类和构成 形容词是用来描述和修饰名词或代词的一类词，用来说明人或事物的性质和特征。 ①本身即为形容词 例如:easy容易的 quiet安静的 happy快乐的 red红色的 glad高兴的 difficult 困难的 ②加后缀构成的形容词 由词根和词缀构成，初中常见形容词后缀如下表： 后缀 构成规则 常见例词 备注 -ful 名词 + -ful helpful(有帮助的)、careful(小心的)、beautiful(美丽的)、useful(有用的)、wonderful(极好的) 表“充满……的；具有……性质的” -less 名词 + -less careless(粗心的)、hopeless(无望的)、homeless(无家可归的)、harmless(无害的) 表“无……的；不……的”（与-ful反义） -ly 名词 + -ly friendly(友好的)、lively(活泼的)、lovely(可爱的)、daily(日常的) 注意：副词也有-ly后缀，需结合词性判断 -y 名词/动词 + -y windy(有风的)、sunny(晴朗的)、cloudy(多云的)、thirsty(口渴的)、sleepy(困倦的) 多表“有……的；似……的；充满……的”（天气类形容词高频） -ous 名词 + -ous dangerous(危险的)、famous(著名的)、nervous(紧张的)、serious(严肃的) 表“具有……的；充满……的” -able/-ible 动词 + -able/-ible comfortable(舒适的)、enjoyable(愉快的)、possible(可能的)、terrible(可怕的) 表“能……的；可以……的；值得……的” -al 名词 + -al personal(个人的)、educational(教育的)、national(国家的)、natural(自然的) 表“与……有关的；具有……性质的” -ing 动词 + -ing interesting(有趣的)、exciting(令人兴奋的)、boring(无聊的)、surprising(令人惊讶的) 表“令人……的”（修饰事物/事件） -ed 动词 + -ed interested(感兴趣的)、excited(兴奋的)、bored(无聊的)、surprised(惊讶的) 表“感到……的”（修饰人/人的感受） -ern 方位名词 + -ern eastern(东方的)、western(西方的)、southern(南方的)、northern(北方的) 专表“……方向的” -ive 动词 + -ive active(积极的)、creative(有创造力的)、attractive(有吸引力的)、expensive(昂贵的) 表“具有……倾向的；有……性质的” a- 名/动→形 asleep(睡着的)、alone(独自的)、alive(活着的)、awake（醒着的）、ashamed(羞愧的)、aware(意识到的) 多构成表状态的形容词，常作表语，少作定语 否定前缀 un- happy→unhappy、friendly→unfriendly、usual→unusual、healthy→unhealthy 最高频 im- possible→impossible、polite→impolite、patient→impatient 后接 m/p/b 开头的形容词 dis- honest→dishonest 少量形容词 ③ 合成形容词 合成形容词指由几个词共同组成并起形容词作用的词。由两个或两个以上的词构成，通常用连字符连接。如：five-year- old五岁大的；well-known著名的；hard-working 勤劳的。 类型 示例 副词+现在分词 hard-working勤劳的 副词+过去分词 well-known众所周知的；low-paid报酬低的 名词+过去分词 snow-covered被雪覆盖的；man-made人造的 名词+现在分词 English-speaking说英语的；peace-loving热爱和平的 名词+形容词 duty-free免关税的；world-famous世界闻名的 数词+名词（单数）+（形容词） （高频考点） five-star五星级的；100-word 一百字的 ten-meter-high十米高；eight-year-old 8岁的 形容词+名词+ -(e)d kind-hearted好心的；‌open-minded 开明的；bad-tempered 脾气暴躁的 二、形容词的基本用法 句法功能 用法 示例 作定语 一般位于被修饰词的前面，起描述、修饰或限定被修饰词的作用。 If you live a healthy life,your memory will work better. 如果你过着健康的生活，你的记忆力会更好。 作表语 位于连系动词be、look、sound、smell、 taste、feel、get、become、seem等后，构成系表结构。 The idea sounds great.这个主意听起来不错。 作补足语 可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语，说明主语和宾语的性质、状态、特征等。常接形容词作补足语的动词有keep、find、make、think等。 My friend Peter finds maths very difficult. 我的朋友彼得发现数学很困难。 作状语 主要表示原因、伴随或结果等。形容词作状语位于句首或句末，常用逗号与其他部分隔开。 She was lying in bed,wide awake.(表伴随) 她在床上躺着，十分清醒。 Hungry and tired,I have to stop to have a rest.(原因状语)又饿又累，我不得不停下来休息。 We arrived home very late, safe and sound.(表结果) 我们很晚才到家，安然无恙。 三、形容词的位置 位置 用法 示例 形容词前置 形容词作定语，一般置于被修饰词前，即“(限定词+)形容词+名词”。 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真正的朋友会向你伸出援手，触动你的内心。 形容词后置 形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-构成的复合不定代词时，常置于被修饰词后，即“复合不定代词+形容词”。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。 asleep、awake、afraid、 alive、alone等作定语时，常置于被修饰词后。 John was the only boy awake at the time. 约翰是当时唯一醒着的男孩。 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，例如:tall、long、wide、high、deep、thick、old等，应放在相应的名词之后。 This river is about 50,000 meters long. 这条河大约五万米长。 形容词短语作定语时， 常置于修饰词后，即“名词+形容词短语”。 He gave me a box full of books. 他给了我一盒书。 用and、or或but连接的两个或几个形容词构成的形容词短语作定语时 All the people,young or old,all like Lao She’s Tea House. 所有的人，无论老少，都喜欢老舍的茶馆。 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的排列顺序 限定词(冠词、所有格、形容词性物主代词等)+序数词+基数词+表示观点的形容词(品质、特性等，即表示好、坏、美、丑等的词)+大小或长短+形状或样式+年龄或新旧+颜色+产地或来源+材料或种类 +用途+名词。 both the tall old American men 这两个高大的美国老人 such a pretty long red dress 如此漂亮的一件红色长裙 四、形容词的比较等级及用法 1. 规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest 注意：有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，perfect(完美的)等。 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 3.形容词比较等级的结构和句型 (1)原级表示比较的用法 用法 例句 肯定句中常用“as+形容词原级+as”的结构，表示“……(前者) 和……(后者)一样……”。 Lily is as happy as Lucy.莉莉和露西一样开心。 在否定句中，可用“not so/as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“…… (前者)不如……(后者)那样……”。 This book is not so/as interesting as that one. 这本书不如那本有趣。 倍数表达用“倍数+as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“……是……的几倍……”。 This tree is three times as tall as that small one. 这棵树是那棵小树的三倍高。 (2)比较级的用法 用法 例句 “比较级+than”结构表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 She runs faster than her brother(did). 她跑得比她弟弟快。 “比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”, 多音节词和部分双音节词用于此结构时，要用“more and more+形容词原级”。 The weather is getting colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷。She is becoming more and more outgoing.她变得越来越开朗了。 “The+比较级…，the+比较级…”表示“越……, 就越 ……”。 The more you practice, the better you speak. 你练习得越多，说得就越好。 The more books you read, the wiser you will be. 你读的书越多，就会越睿智。 “Which/Who...+谓语动词+比较级，A or B?”表示“A和B哪一个/谁更……?”。 Who is more hard-working, Lily or Lucy? 谁更勤奋，莉莉还是露西？ “A…+倍数+比较级+than+B” 表示“A是B的几倍……”。 This building is five times higher than that one. 这座楼比那座楼高五倍。 “A...+the+比较级+of the two(+可数名词复数)”表示“……是两者中较/更……的那个”。 This pen is the nicer of the two pens on the desk. 这支笔是桌上两支笔中更好看的那支。 补充：形容词比较级的修饰语 类别 修饰语 比较级 even甚至 much更 still更；还要 a bit/a little有点 a lot很 far更 by far非常 rather相当 (3)最高级的用法 用法 含义 例句 the+最高级+ of / in ... 表示“三者及三者以上中程度最高的”。 This TV is the least expensive of all. 这台电视是所有电视机里最便宜的。 one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 表示“……中最……之一”。 Shanghai is one of the largest cities in China. 上海是中国最大的城市之一。 the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数 表示“第几最……”。 This is the second biggest museum in my hometown. 这是我家乡的第二大博物馆。 Which/Who+be /动词+ (the)+最高级? 表示“哪一个/谁最……”。 Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? 哪个城市是最美丽的，北京，上海还是福州？ (4)比较级表示最高级含义 用法 示例 比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数+比较范围 Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain. 珠穆朗玛峰是最高的山峰。 比较级+than+any of the other+可数名词复数+比较范围 My son is taller than any of the other students in his class.我儿子在他班级里是个子最高的。 比较级+than+anything/anyone else(+比较范围) More than anything else,Jack wanted to become a teacher.杰克最想成为一名教师。 比较级+than +all the other +可数名词复数(+比较范围) Time is more valuable than all the other things. 时间比其他任何东西都宝贵。 比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数+比较范围 My sister is younger than the other kids at her class. 我妹妹比她班里的其他孩子都小。 否定词+比较级(+than+比较范围) I have never seen a more excellent movie than this one. 我从未看过比这更精彩的电影。 五、形容词的搭配与句型 1.形容词与介词的搭配 搭配 例子 例子 与about搭配 be crazy about对……着迷 be excited about对……感到兴奋 be worried about担忧…… be serious about对……认真 与at搭配 be angry at对……生气 be surprised at对……感到惊奇 be mad at对……感到愤怒 be amazed at惊讶…… 与for搭配 be bad for对……有坏处 be famous/known for因……而著名 be late for迟到 be good for对……有好处 be/get ready for为……做好准备 be well-known for因……而著名 与in搭配 be interested in对……感兴趣 be successful in在……方面成功 be different in在……方面不同 be weak in在……方面薄弱 与from搭配 be absent from缺席 be separated from和……分离 be far from远离 be different from与……不同 与of搭配 be short of短缺 be/get tired of对……感到厌倦 be afraid of害怕 be full of充满 be careful of对……小心 be proud of因……而自豪 与with搭配 be strict with对……要求严格 be good with善于应付…… be filled with充满…… be careful with小心…… be busy with忙于…… be angry with生……的气 与to搭配 be similar to与……相似 be thankful to sb.感激某人 be kind to对……和蔼 be friendly to对……友好 be useful to对……有用 be close to接近;靠近 be good to对……好 be harmful to对……有害 2. 含形容词的常用句型 句型 含义 例句 it's+adj.(+for+sb.)+动词不定式或it is+adj.+that从句。 表示“做某事(对某人来说)怎么样”。常用形容词有kind (友善的)、nice (友好的)、polite (有礼貌的)、clever (聪明的)、careless (粗心的)等。 It is not easy for Jim to learn Chinese. 学汉语对吉姆来说不容易。 it's+adj.+of+sb.+动词不定式 表示“某人做某事怎么样”。 It's kind of you to help me. 你帮助我太好了。 主语+be+形容词+动词不定式 表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad (高兴的)、pleased (高兴的)、sorry (遗憾的；难过的)、sad (忧伤的)等后常接动词不定式。 I'm sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。 六、常见易混形容词辨析 ①-ing形容词和-ed形容词 很多动词的现在分词(-ing)和过去分词(-ed)可作形容词使用。一般来说，现在分词转化来的形容词常用于修饰物；过去分词转化来的形容词常用于修饰人。 -ing形容词和-ed形容词 amazing令人惊讶的→amazed惊奇的 exciting令人激动的→excited激动的 frightening令人害怕的→frightened害怕的 interesting有趣的→interested感兴趣的 boring令人厌烦的→bored厌烦的 worrying令人担忧的→worried担忧的 pleasing令人愉快的→pleased开心的 surprising使人惊奇的→surprised吃惊的 提示： -ing形容词常译为“令人……的”;-ed 形容词常译为“感到……的”。当通过声音、表情等描述人的感受时，也用-ed形容词。如：an excited expression兴奋的表情 ②其他易混辨析 1. asleep/sleepy asleep 意为 “睡着的”，用作表语 例：The baby is asleep in the bed. 宝宝在床上睡着了。 sleepy 意为 “想睡的，困乏的”，可用作表语或定语 例：I feel sleepy in the boring class. 我在枯燥的课堂上感到犯困。 2. alone/lonely alone 作形容词，通常只表示客观上的一个人或没有外人，只作表语 例：She is alone at home today. 她今天独自在家。 lonely 意为 “孤寂的”，有较强的感情色彩，可用作表语或定语 例：The old man feels lonely without his family. 这位老人没有家人陪伴，感到很孤寂。 3. live, living, alive 与 lively 的区别 （1）alive 意为 “活的，活着的”, 没有比较级和最高级，可用作表语和后置定语，指人或动物，不能用来指植物 例：The little cat is still alive after the accident. 这只小猫在事故后还活着。 （2）living 意为 “活着的；现存的”, 指人或物可用作表语和定语，作定语时要放在所修饰的名词前 例：He is a famous living writer in China. 他是中国一位著名的在世作家。 （3）live 意为 “有生命的；活的；现场播出的”, 可作定语，指动物或植物，不能用来指人 例：We watched a live football match on TV. 我们在电视上看了一场足球现场直播。 （4）lively 意为 “有生气的；活泼的”, 可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语，指人或物 例：The little girl has a lively personality. 这个小女孩性格活泼。 4. ill, sick 的区别 ill：形容词，意为 “生病的”，常作表语，较少用于修饰名词 例：Her mother is ill and can't go to work. 她的妈妈生病了，没法去上班。 sick：形容词，意为 “生病的、恶心的”，可作表语或定语，用途更广 例：She took care of her sick father at home. 她在家照顾生病的父亲。 5. farther,further 的区别 farther：far 的比较级，意为 “更远的”，侧重指物理距离上的更远 例：The park is farther from here than the supermarket. 这个公园比超市离这儿更远。 further：far 的比较级，意为 “更多的、更进一步的”，侧重指程度、数量上的更深或更远 例：We need to make further study on this problem. 我们需要对这个问题做进一步的研究。 一、语法选择 1. （2025·广东·真题）She also learned how to make dumplings of shapes. A．different B．difference C．differently 2. （2025·广东·真题）To a girl of her age, cooking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned more about food and tried cooking dishes than before. A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 3. （2024·广州·真题）“Yes. The number of the penguins was once much , but it isn’t very big anymore. ...” A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 4. After his parents left, the little boy felt very ________ at home. A. alone B. lonely C. quietly D. clearly 5.（2025·天津·中考真题）Lingling is one of ________ students in my class. She is always ready to offer help. A．helpful B．more helpful C．less helpful D．the most helpful 6.（2024·云南昆明·一模）Hua Hua, a 3-year-old panda, is so cute that ______ people love her. A．less and less B．fewer and fewer C．more and more D．better and better 二、完形填空 1. （2025·广州·真题）I dreamed of acting on stage, but I had a big birthmark on my face, so I chose to work behind the stage.I was proud of what I’d done for the play so far, but finding a dog actor was not ① . The dog had to look good and be nice. I needed a star, not just any dog. Mr. Lee was getting really ② . He even thought about using a toy dog! Just then, a friend brought us his dog Lucky. ① A．funny B．important C．easy D．possible ② A．excited B．active C．worried D．lonely 2. （2024·广东·真题）Betty has made it partly because she is curious about everything. This is a very quality for a scientist. A．poor B．strange C．similar D．important 3. （2024·深圳·真题）Then he started to make the windmill. The moment his farm work finished in the fields, he threw himself on studying the materials, staying till midnight. Finally, he made it after many failures . A．calm B．awake C．relaxed D．free 三、语篇填词 1.（2025·广州·真题） A hospital in Guangzhou had a special idea to help children feel better. They turned the children’s ward (病区) into an art gallery (画廊). Doctors, nurses, artists, and even the children themselves helped create this f space. 2.（2024·广州·真题）Shadow puppet play (皮影戏) has a history of over 2, 000 years. It is a t art of telling stories. 3. （2024·广州·真题）With the help of his Chinese friends, Sam built a shadow puppet play stage and made some paper puppets. But learning to control the puppets is not e . He spent hours practising every day for several months. 四、选词填空(语法填空) 1.（2025·广东·一模） Liu had an even dream, to become a lawyer. （备选词big） 2.（2025·广东·一模）As a result, this idea quickly win their heart.（备选词create） 3.（2025·深圳·模拟预测） The only chance to make her (health) again was a blood transfusion (输血) from her five-year-old brother Dick. 4.（2025·深圳·模拟预测）The doctor smiled and said, “Of course not. You’ll be (strong) than before soon.” 副词 一、副词的种类和构成 1）副词的分类 副词分类 定义与常见词 例句 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 常见：now, then, today, yesterday, soon 1. I will finish my report today. 我今天会完成我的报告。 2. He will call you back soon. 他很快会给你回电话。 地点副词 表示地点或位置关系 常见：here, there, in, everywhere, down, up, inside 1. Please come here and take a seat. 请到这里来坐。 2. The cat is hiding inside the box. 猫正藏在盒子里。 频度副词 表示动作发生的频率 常见：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 频率排序：always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never 1. He always gets up at 6 o'clock in the morning. 他总是早上6点起床。 2. They often go hiking on weekends. 他们周末经常去徒步。 方式副词 表示行为方式 常见：badly, fast, peacefully, carefully, slowly 1. Drive slowly on the rainy road. 雨天路滑，请慢点开。 2. He did his homework carefully to avoid mistakes. 他认真做作业以避免出错。 程度副词 表示程度，多修饰形容词/副词 常见：very, much, too, almost, completely 1. The movie is very exciting. 这部电影非常刺激。 2. It's too hot to go out today. 今天太热了，不适合出门。 疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句 常见：how, when, where, why 1. When will you go to the concert? 你什么时候去看演唱会？ 2. Where did you put my glasses? 你把我的眼镜放哪里了？ 关系副词 引导定语从句 常见：where, when, why 1. This is the park where we first met. 这就是我们第一次见面的公园。 2. Could you tell me the reason why you were late? 你能告诉我你迟到的原因吗？ 连接副词 引导主语/宾语/表语从句 常见：why, when 1. When we will start depends on the weather. 我们什么时候出发取决于天气。 2. I don't know why he refused the invitation. 我不知道他为什么拒绝了邀请。 其他副词 其他功能副词 常见：also, only, too, perhaps, either 1. She is also a member of the school choir. 她也是学校合唱团的一员。 2. Perhaps we can go to the museum tomorrow. 也许我们明天可以去博物馆。 2）副词的构成 A. 形容词变副词主要是通过加 -ly 实现的，但不同拼写的形容词有不同的变形细节，下面是完整的规则总结： 1.一般情况 直接在形容词词尾加 -ly：careful → carefully；slow → slowly；quick → quickly 2. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -ly； happy → happily；easy → easily；heavy → heavily 3. 以 “le” 结尾；去掉 e，再加 -y gentle → gently；possible → possibly；comfortable → comfortably 4. 以 “ic” 结尾，在词尾加 -ally basic → basically；historic → historically；economic → economically 5. 特殊变化：有些形容词变副词时拼写有特殊变化 true → truly；whole → wholly；full → fully B. 形副同形情况；有些形容词和副词词形完全相同，不需要变形 fast → fast；late → late；early → early；hard → hard C. 同根副词 有些同根副词意义有别，如 hard（努力地）与 hardly（几乎不）；near（在附近）与 nearly（几乎）等。 二、副词的句法功能 成分 功能 例句 作状语 (1)修饰动词、形容词和其他副词 (2)修饰整个句子 She quickly finished her homework. 她快速完成了作业。 The movie is really interesting. 这部电影真的很有趣。 He runs quite fast. 他跑得相当快。 Suddenly, a dog ran across the street. 突然，一只狗跑过了马路。 作定语 少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。 The books there are for the students in Grade Eight. 那边的书是给八年级学生的。 作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示方位、动作或状态的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs等。 The light is on. Please turn it off. 灯开着，请把它关掉。 When will you be back home? 你什么时候回家？ 作宾语补足语 作补足语主要说明宾语和主语所处的位置，状态等。 We should keep the bad people away from kids. 我们应该让坏人远离孩子。 三、副词的位置 （1）方式副词放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语后面。 We all listen carefully in class.（我们在课堂上都认真听讲。） She is writing a letter patiently to her pen pal.（她正在耐心地给笔友写信。） （2）频度副词、程度副词放在 be 动词或助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。 She is seldom late for her piano lessons.（她上钢琴课很少迟到。） They have already prepared for the final exam.（他们已经为期末考试做好了准备。） The problem was so difficult that I could barely solve it.（这道题太难了，我几乎解不出来。） My father often takes a walk after dinner.（我爸爸经常在晚饭后散步。） （3）修饰整个句子作评论性状语的副词，往往被置于句首。 Hopefully, we can finish the project ahead of schedule.（希望我们能提前完成这个项目。） Honestly, I don’t think this plan is practical.（老实说，我觉得这个计划不太实际。） （4）enough 作副词修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。 The movie was interesting enough to keep us engaged for two hours.这部电影足够有趣，让我们看了两个小时都没走神。 He ran fast enough to win the race.他跑得足够快，赢得了比赛。 四、副词的比较等级 1.副词的比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则变化：与形容词的比较级和最高级的变化相同。 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well好地 better best bad坏地 worse worst little少量 less least much很多 more most far远地 farther/further farthest/furthest 提示： little作为副词时，表示否定意义“少；几乎没有”,作状语 置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序。 2.副词比较等级的用法 (1)原级比较的用法 用法 例句 肯定句中用“as+副词原级+as”结构，表示前后两者的情况一样。 I enjoy music as much as Betty does. 我和贝蒂一样喜欢音乐。 (2)比较级的用法 用法 例句 “副词比较级+than”结构表示两者之间进行对比。 I can run faster and farther than he can. 我能跑得比他快而且跑得比他远。 “副词比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+副词原级”表示某种情况变得“ 越来越…… ”。 The wind is blowing more and more strongly. 风吹得越来越大了。 “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示一方的程度随着另一方程度的变化而变化，意为“越……, (就)越……”。 The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. 我们彼此了解得越多，就越能互相理解。 “Which/Who+实义动词+副词比较级，A or B?”表示“哪一个/谁……得更……，A还是B? ” Who dances better,Jane or Sally? 谁能跳得更好，简还是莎莉？ 注 意：副词最高级前的定冠词the可省略。 例如:Tom studies (the) hardest in our class. 汤姆在我们班学习最努力。 易混辨析： farther与farthest指距离上更远、最远。further 与 furthest 用于抽象概念，表示程度上更进一步、最大程度，有时也可表示距离上更远、最远。 例句：We watched their ship moving gradually farther away.我们看着他们的船逐渐驶离得越来越远。 (3)最高级的用法 主要用法为“(the+) 副词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句”结构。 The girl runs (the) fastest in the class.这个女孩在班上跑得最快。 Tom talks (the) least and does (the) most in his group. 汤姆是他小组说得最少干得最多的。 五、形容词和副词用法辨析 副词和形容词在用法上极易混淆，特别是那些词形相同的副词和形容词。下面从它们的作用、位置和在句子中的谓语动词三个方面来比较一下。 1. 作用不同 形容词在句中修饰名词或某些代词，用作定语；而副词在句中修饰动词（短语）、形容词、副词或整个句子，用作状语。 例：The warm sun shines brightly.（warm 作形容词，修饰名词 sun） She finished the task warmly and efficiently.（warmly 作副词，修饰动词短语 finished the task） 2. 在句中的位置不同 形容词修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰复合不定代词时，置于复合不定代词之后。而副词修饰形容词或副词时，一般放在形容词或副词之前。 例：We visited an ancient temple in the mountains.（形容词 ancient 修饰名词 temple） He has something important to discuss with you.（形容词 important 修饰复合不定代词 something） This movie is extremely popular among teenagers.（副词 extremely 修饰形容词 popular） She completed the project quite successfully.（副词 quite 修饰副词 successfully） 3. 所在句子中的谓语动词不同 根据句子中使用的谓语动词可以判断出应该用形容词还是用副词。如果谓语动词是系动词，则后面一般应用形容词作表语，不用副词；如果谓语动词是行为动词，那后面要用副词修饰。 例：The cake tastes delicious.（taste为系动词，后接形容词 delicious） He tastes the soup carefully to check the seasoning.（taste 为行为动词，后接副词 carefully） 六、常见易混副词辨析 1. late, later, latest, lately late 是形容词、副词。意为 “晚的”。、“迟地”。 例句：She was late for the morning meeting because of the traffic jam.（因为交通堵塞，她早会迟到了。） latest 是 late 的最高级，最晚的，最新的。 例句：This is the latest fashion trend this season.（这是本季最新的流行趋势。） later 是 late 的比较级，较晚的，更迟的；也可以作为副词，后来，稍后，一会。 例句：I’ll finish this task later—right now I’m busy.（我稍后再完成这项任务，现在我很忙。） lately 最近地。相当 recently 例句：Lately, I’ve been feeling a bit tired after work.（最近，我下班后总感觉有点累。） 2.also/too/as well/either also 意为 “也”，正式用语，一般用于肯定句中，常位于系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前 例句：She also volunteers at the community center on weekends.（她周末也会在社区中心做志愿者。） too 意为 “也”，多用于口语，一般用于肯定句和疑问句中，常位于句末，前面常有逗号和其他成分隔开。 例句：I want to go to the concert, too.（我也想去那场音乐会。） as well 意为 “也”，多用于口语，一般用于肯定句和疑问句中，其前一般不用逗号隔开 例句：If you’re buying milk, could you get some bread as well?（如果你买牛奶，能不能顺便买些面包？） either 意为 “也”，用于否定句和否定的疑问句，常位于句末。 例句：He can’t swim, and I can’t either.（他不会游泳，我也不会。） 3. already/yet/still already 常用于肯定句中，表示 “已经” 例句：They have already booked their flight tickets to Japan.（他们已经订好了去日本的机票。） yet 用于否定句句末，表示 “还”，用于疑问句句末，表示 “已经” 例句：Have you received the official notice yet?（你已经收到官方通知了吗？） still 表示 “某事尚在进行中”，常用于肯定句；用于否定句时，需放在否定词之前。 例句：She still hasn’t replied to my email from last week.（她还没有回复我上周发的邮件。） 4. sometime/sometimes/some time/some times sometime 意为 “某一时间，某一时刻”，既可指将来，也可指过去。 例句：We should have a face-to-face chat sometime next month.（我们下个月找个时间当面聊聊吧。） sometimes 意为 “有时，不时”，相当于 at times 例句：Sometimes I cook dinner for my roommates.（我有时会给室友做晚饭。） some time 意为 “一段时间”，其中 time 为不可数名词 例句：It will take some time to get used to the new working environment.（适应新的工作环境需要一段时间。） some times 意为 “几次”，其中 time 为可数名词 例句：I have met that famous writer some times at literary events.（我在文学活动中见过那位著名作家几次。）5.too much、too many和much too “too much” 修饰不可数名词，“太多的” 例句：Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.（吃太多糖会导致健康问题。） “too many” 修饰可数名词复数，“太多的” 例句：There are too many rules in this company.（这家公司的规矩太多了。） “much too” 修饰 adj/adv 的原级，“太、非常” 例句：The movie is much too long for me to finish in one sitting.（这部电影太长了，我没法一次性看完。） 6. hard 和 hardly hard 作形容词，意为 “困苦的；艰难的；坚硬的”; 作副词，意为 “努力地；猛烈地 例句：It rained hard last night, causing a small flood in the street.（昨晚雨下得很大，导致街上出现了小洪水。） hardly 作副词，意为 “几乎不；几乎没有”, 它并不是 hard 的副词形式 例句：He was so nervous that he could hardly say a word.（他紧张得几乎说不出话来。） 7. how often, how long, how soon (1) how often 意为 “多久一次”，询问多久做一次某事，即动作发生的频率。 例句：—How often do you go to the cinema? —About twice a month. —— 你多久去看一次电影？—— 大约一个月两次。 (2) how long 表示 “多久，多长时间”，对一段时间进行提问，常与延续性动词连用。 例句：—How long have you been learning to play the piano? —For five years. —— 你学弹钢琴多久了？—— 五年了。 (3) how soon 也有 “多久” 的意思，它指的是 “将过多久”，常用在将来时中。 例句：—How soon will the repair work be finished? —In two days. —— 维修工作多久能完成？—— 两天后。 8. high, highly high 作副词，表示具体的 “高”，而 highly 表示抽象意义上的 “高”。 例句：The eagle flew high above the mountains, and its freedom is highly admired by people. 雄鹰在高山上空高高飞翔，它的自由受到人们的高度赞赏。 9. deep, deeply deep 作副词，表示具体的 “深”，指实际的深度；deeply 表示抽象意义上的 “深”，指情感、影响等程度深。 例句：The diver dived deep into the sea, and we were deeply moved by his courage. 潜水员潜入了深海，我们被他的勇气深深打动了。 一、语法选择 1.（2025·广州·真题）I jumped back and went deeper, with my eyes open. A．quick B．quicker C．quickness D．quickly 2.（2025·广州·真题） I swam to it, and when it was about five feet away, I got to know it was simply a Caribbean reef shark. A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest 3.（2024·广东·真题）Peter’s mother even suggests giving pocket money to children as as when they are four. A．early B．earlier C．earliest 4.（2025·广州·真题）The two kids climbed onto the rocks and looked over. A．care B．caring C．careful D．carefully 5. If I’m going ________ for the first time, I’ll go online and google it. A．somewhere B．everywhere C．anywhere D．nowhere 6. This kind of plant is ________ seen in our city because it lives 4,500 metres above sea level and it is hard to be found. A．usually B．always C．seldom D．often 二、完形填空 1.（2025·广东·真题）Once, a reader took home an English book on Chinese history. A week later, he passed it on to a neighbor. , the book traveled all the way abroad and ended up in Germany. “The journey of the book is a wonder. Many wonders like this keep the culture of reading alive,” Xu tells the newspaper. A．Clearly B．Hopefully C．Generally D．Amazingly 2.（2024·广东·真题）But when things don’t go as she plans, she feels no disappointment. A．safely B．crazily C．blindly D．smoothly 3.（2024·深圳·真题）To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The villagers cheered. William threw his hands in the air and jumped . To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village. A．excitedly B．hurriedly C．carefully D．worriedly 三、短文填空 1. (2025·广东·真题)（选词填空）“It wasn’t designed to be one; it just became one,” Mike tells a reporter. “This influenced me . I came to realize that, as architects, we should design with people to keep a city alive.”（备选词deep） 2.（2024·深圳·真题）（语法填空）We trained hard, each stroke bringing us a closer to understanding the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole (proud). 3.（2023·深圳·真题）（语法填空） Fifa said that she was (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. 4.（2025·深圳·模拟）（语法填空）At that time, I worked in a hospital. There was a little girl. She was 881 (bad) ill. 一、单项选择 1.（2025·云南·中考真题）Journey to the West is one of ________ classic novels in China. People like reading it. A．famous B．more famous C．the more famous D．the most famous 2.（2025·北京·中考真题）The National Library of China is ________ public library in Asia. A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 3.（2025·四川雅安·模拟预测）Vegetables are _________ more important than junk food. A．so B．very C．much D．quite 4. This is ________ book I’ve ever read. It’s so interesting. A．the most exciting B．more exciting C．the more exciting D．most exciting 5. I should check my spelling more ________ next time. What else shall I do? A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 6.（2025·天津·模拟预测）It’s ______ to travel by plane than by ship. A．a lot more excited B．much exciting C．a lot more exciting D．much more excited 7.（2025·天津河北·一模）Learning will become much _________ if you find the proper way. A．easier B．more easily C．more easy D．more easier 8.（易错题）（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）He is ________ younger of the two boys. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 9.—How is the online concert? —It can’t be ________. I am really touched by it. A．bad B．good C．worse D．better 10.（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）He is taller than ________ other boy in his class. A．some B．any C．few D．none 11. Fast walking is becoming ________ according to the recent survey. A．popular and popular B．more popular and more popular C．popularer and popularer D．more and more popular 12．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）In a DIY club, the more we practice, ________ we become. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 13.—Next month we’re going ________ as soon as the holiday begins. —Sounds good! A．somewhere interesting B．interesting somewhere C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere 14.—I felt so nervous during the show that I must have sounded awful. —Don’t be silly. You sang ________ of them all! A．more beautifully B．less beautifully C．the most beautifully D．the least beautifully 15.（2025·西藏·中考真题）Protecting the earth is as ________ as protecting ourselves. A．important B．less important C．the most important D．more important 易混辨析 1.（易错题）Though he had a bad cold, he studied as ________ as other students. A．hardly B．harder C．hard D．more hardly 2.Luckily, it turns out to be easier than I thought. ________, she failed the exam. A．Fortunate B．Fortunately C．Unfortunate D．Unfortunately 3.—Your brother’s English pronunciation is ________ wonderful. —Well, he works hard at it. A．simply B．immediately C．suddenly D．probably 4.—Do you often watch the show If You Are the One? —Yes. It is ________ a successful programme that it attracts ________ many audiences. A．such; such B．such; so C．so; such D．so; so 5.（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Lucy is a good reader. She is ________ to get the deep meaning of this book. A．too smart B．too slow C．smart enough D．slow enough 6.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class. A．wake B．awake C．sleep D．asleep 7．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Why not give up coffee ________? Or at least stop drinking it after 2:00 p.m. A．sudden B．suddenly C．complete D．completely 8．（2025·西藏·中考真题）For some people, Choudoufu smells ________ but tastes good. A．sweetly B．sweet C．badly D．bad 9. The story about space travel sounds ________, so all the students are ________ in it. A. interested; interesting B. interesting; interested C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested 10.（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）—Peter has worked for our community as a volunteer for ________ ten years. —What a nice person he is! A．really B．nearly C．slowly D．hardly 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）The film has been a huge success and the (late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June. 2.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s about a boy named Ne Zha, who is a bit (patient) sometimes but very brave. 3.（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）After graduating from his university, he chose one of the (far) villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer. 4.（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The international influence of Yangzhou is getting than before. (strong) 5．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）The more we communicate with our parents, the (good) we’ll understand each other. 6．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）With treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting. (wonder) 7.（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Our neighbours are very (friend) to each other. 8.（2025·西藏·中考真题）Speak Putonghua ________ (proper) and write Hanzi correctly. 9.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）If you haven’t watched it yet, (simple) pick up your phone and book a ticket. 10.（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Many tourists think of Yangzhou for its beautiful places of interest. (high) 11．（2025·云南·中考真题）Teenagers are supposed to spend their money . (wise) 12. —Who was the first to get to school yesterday, Mary or Jane? —Mary, of course. She got to school a lot (early). 13. (luck), Simon has found his lost ticket to the soccer game. 14. Unless you listen more than you speak, you will never understand others. (true) 15. It rained so that we could hardly see the road in front of us. (heavy) 三、完形填空 Chen-Ning Yang was a famous physicist and a Nobel Prize winner. Sadly, he 1 in Beijing on October 18th, 2025, at the age of 103. He was an important person and helped the 2 of science in China. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui. He studied hard and later went to the United States to learn more about physics. In 1957, he 3 the Nobel Prize with his friend TD Lee for their new ideas in science, which made the world look at Chinese scientists in a new way. What made Yang special was his 4 love for China. In 1971, he was one of the Chinese scientists who were studying abroad and later returned to China. He 5 wanted to help his home country. He often came back to give 6 at universities and told young students, “China needs good scientists.” Yang did many things for China. He helped Tsinghua University build a research center for physics. He also 7 a prize for young scientists in Asia to encourage them to work hard. Many Chinese students 8 him to be a true hero. Yang was also famous around the world. He wrote many 9 papers and got special degrees from top universities. But he always said, “My heart is in China.” His 10 for his country was clear to all. His spirit will always live in the hearts of Chinese people. 1．A．ran away B．put away C．fell away D．passed away 2．A．information B．development C．communication D．punishment 3．A．missed B．lost C．won D．realized 4．A．patient B．deep C．silent D．honest 5．A．hardly B．nearly C．quickly D．really 6．A．speeches B．presents C．examples D．shows 7．A．allowed B．ordered C．started D．warned 8．A．wish B．ask C．consider D．tell 9．A．wrong B．interesting C．simple D．important 10．A．worry B．regret C．love D．luck 四、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 A wise man was on his long journey with a young man. In the evening, they found 1 old house. A poor family lived in it. After the meal, the wise man asked how they made a living in such a poor place. In a low voice the husband replied, “We have a cow. We 2 her for five years. We sell her milk to our neighbours and keep some 3 our own needs — make some cheese and cream.” The next morning, the two visitors continued 4 journey. After they walked a few miles, the wise man told the young man 5 back and kill the cow. “If they still keep the cow, they will 6 be rich.” the wise man said. The young man was 7 about the future of the family. 8 finally he returned to the old house and did as the wise man told him. A few years later, the young man who travelled on the same road 9 to visit the family. To his 10 , he saw a large house with a beautiful garden there. He knocked on the door and a well-dressed man answered it. The man told him 11 his family’s life changed. “You know, we had 12 but a cow to keep us alive years ago. But one day she 13 . We had to come up with 14 ways of making a living. You see, we are 15 than before.” At his words, the young man smiled. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．kept B．was keeping C．have kept D．will keep 3．A．at B．to C．from D．for 4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 5．A．go B．to go C．going D．went 6．A．usually B．sometimes C．always D．never 7．A．worry B．worried C．worriedly D．worries 8．A．But B．And C．So D．Or 9．A．decide B．decided C．had decided D．was decided 10．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprisingly 11．A．how B．what C．whether D．if 12．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 13．A．kills B．killed C．was killed D．has killed 14．A．another B．others C．other D．the other 15．A．good B．much better C．much more better D．the best 五、短文填空 A（语法填空） （2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) 1 (become) one of the most important technologies in the world. AI is now 2 (use) in many areas, such as healthcare, education, and transportation. Scientists 3 (work) hard to develop even more advanced AI systems to help improve people’s lives. One of the biggest advantages of AI is that it makes many tasks 4 (easy) and more efficient. For example, AI-powered robots 5 (use) in hospitals already to assist doctors in surgery. In addition, the AI system 6 (analyze) large amounts of data much faster than humans can, allowing businesses 7 (make) better decisions. However, there are also some challenges. Some people worry that AI 8 (replace) human workers in the future, leading to economic problems. Others believe that AI should 9 (control) carefully to make sure it is used responsibly. In conclusion, AI is 10 (certain) changing the world, and its influence will continue to grow in the coming years. It is up to society to ensure that AI is used for positive purposes. B（语篇填词） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母提示写出所缺单词。（请填写完整的单词，注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词） Pang Zhongwang is a role model for students, known for his excellent performance. He studied deeply hard, t 1 life brought him many difficulties, he always kept up with his lessons. Pang is pleased to s 2 his useful learning ways and opinions with classmates. For example, he once said it’s common to make m 3 in study. What really matters is to correct them carefully. He also believes that having a c 4 attitude (态度) will hurt our study progress. Finally, his hard work led to great success in the important college entrance (入学) e 5 , and he got into Tsinghua University. His story tells us that working hard helps us achieve excellent results. C（选词填空） （2024·广东·一模）请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 correct  pass  patient  feed  difficulty  sweet  by  they  tradition  push  so  and Yuanxiao is a kind of food which is also called tangyuan in South China. It’s a 1 for Chinese to eat yuanxiao during the Lantern Festival. My grandfather is a master of making yuanxiao. According to my father, when he was young, his father 2 the whole family with the money from selling yuanxiao. But in my grandfather’s eyes, making yuanxiao is not only a way to make a living, but also an ancient art to 3 on. When I was four, he taught me how to roll (滚动) yuanxiao. My grandfather mixed sugar, nuts and flour paste (面粉糊) up. He pressed these fillings into small pieces and put 4 in the water. Then they were put in a basket with rice powder (粉). Yuanxiao rolled up and down like some dancing white balls while Grandpa’s arms were 5 and pulling the basket. Grandpa told me to use this basket 6 . The different directions can make the balls rounder. It takes 7 and efforts to go through all the steps. It was like Grandpa taught me how to deal with many 8 in life. Now maybe yuanxiao made by machine is much 9 . But I prefer yuanxiao made 10 my family. It is a symbol of reunion (团圆) and happiness. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 形容词和副词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 形容词 3 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 一、形容词的种类和构成 3 二、形容词的基本用法 5 三、形容词的位置 6 四、形容词的比较等级及用法 7 1. 规则变化 7 2. 不规则变化 7 3.形容词比较等级的结构和句型 8 五、形容词的搭配与句型 10 六、常见易混形容词辨析 11 副词 15 02 思维导图·网络构建 16 03 考点通关·靶向突破 17 一、副词的种类和构成 17 1）副词的分类 17 2）副词的构成 18 二、副词的句法功能 19 三、副词的位置 20 四、副词的比较等级 20 五、形容词和副词用法辨析 22 六、常见易混副词辨析 22 04 优题精选·练能提分 27 课标要求 复习目标 形容词基本用法 · 1. 掌握形容词的基本用法，包括在句中作定语、表语、补语等。 · 2. 掌握副词的基本用法，包括在句中作状语、修饰动词/形容词/副词/整句等。 1. 能准确区分形容词与副词的功能、位置及在句中的搭配规律。 2. 能熟练运用形容词和副词的等级比较结构，完成情景表达。 3. 能在语法选择、语法填空、选词填空等题型中快速判断并正确使用。 副词基本用法 · 形容词和副词的等级比较 · 3. 掌握形容词和副词的原级、比较级、最高级的构成及用法。 命题预测 形容词和副词是中考的必考点之一。主要有以下命题角度： 主要在语法选择、语法填空、完形填空、选词填空等题型中考查。高频考点为：词性判定与正确使用、词形转换规则、系动 / 实动的搭配区别、enough 特殊位置、比较级和最高级的用法及修饰词。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：看搭配 系动词（be/look/seem/feel 等）后用形容词；行为动词后用副词。 锦囊 2：看位置 修饰普通名词用形容词前置；修饰复合不定代词用形容词后置；修饰形容词 / 副词用副词前置。 锦囊 3：看语境 比较级常与 than、much、even 等词搭配；最高级常与 the、in/of 短语等搭配。 锦囊 4：看词形 注意词形相同但词性不同的词（如 early 既可以是形容词也可以是副词），需结合句子成分判断。 注意：解答中考英语形容词副词题，先根据修饰对象和句子成分判定词性（修饰名 / 代、作定 / 表 / 宾补用形容词，修饰动 / 形 / 副 / 整句、作状语用副词）；再关注词形变形规则、系动 / 实动区分、enough 位置等高频考点，按 “划关键词 — 定成分 — 查变形 — 验搭配” 步骤解题。 形容词 一、形容词的种类和构成 形容词是用来描述和修饰名词或代词的一类词，用来说明人或事物的性质和特征。 ①本身即为形容词 例如:easy容易的 quiet安静的 happy快乐的 red红色的 glad高兴的 difficult 困难的 ②加后缀构成的形容词 由词根和词缀构成，初中常见形容词后缀如下表： 后缀 构成规则 常见例词 备注 -ful 名词 + -ful helpful(有帮助的)、careful(小心的)、beautiful(美丽的)、useful(有用的)、wonderful(极好的) 表“充满……的；具有……性质的” -less 名词 + -less careless(粗心的)、hopeless(无望的)、homeless(无家可归的)、harmless(无害的) 表“无……的；不……的”（与-ful反义） -ly 名词 + -ly friendly(友好的)、lively(活泼的)、lovely(可爱的)、daily(日常的) 注意：副词也有-ly后缀，需结合词性判断 -y 名词/动词 + -y windy(有风的)、sunny(晴朗的)、cloudy(多云的)、thirsty(口渴的)、sleepy(困倦的) 多表“有……的；似……的；充满……的”（天气类形容词高频） -ous 名词 + -ous dangerous(危险的)、famous(著名的)、nervous(紧张的)、serious(严肃的) 表“具有……的；充满……的” -able/-ible 动词 + -able/-ible comfortable(舒适的)、enjoyable(愉快的)、possible(可能的)、terrible(可怕的) 表“能……的；可以……的；值得……的” -al 名词 + -al personal(个人的)、educational(教育的)、national(国家的)、natural(自然的) 表“与……有关的；具有……性质的” -ing 动词 + -ing interesting(有趣的)、exciting(令人兴奋的)、boring(无聊的)、surprising(令人惊讶的) 表“令人……的”（修饰事物/事件） -ed 动词 + -ed interested(感兴趣的)、excited(兴奋的)、bored(无聊的)、surprised(惊讶的) 表“感到……的”（修饰人/人的感受） -ern 方位名词 + -ern eastern(东方的)、western(西方的)、southern(南方的)、northern(北方的) 专表“……方向的” -ive 动词 + -ive active(积极的)、creative(有创造力的)、attractive(有吸引力的)、expensive(昂贵的) 表“具有……倾向的；有……性质的” a- 名/动→形 asleep(睡着的)、alone(独自的)、alive(活着的)、awake（醒着的）、ashamed(羞愧的)、aware(意识到的) 多构成表状态的形容词，常作表语，少作定语 否定前缀 un- happy→unhappy、friendly→unfriendly、usual→unusual、healthy→unhealthy 最高频 im- possible→impossible、polite→impolite、patient→impatient 后接 m/p/b 开头的形容词 dis- honest→dishonest 少量形容词 ③ 合成形容词 合成形容词指由几个词共同组成并起形容词作用的词。由两个或两个以上的词构成，通常用连字符连接。如：five-year- old五岁大的；well-known著名的；hard-working 勤劳的。 类型 示例 副词+现在分词 hard-working勤劳的 副词+过去分词 well-known众所周知的；low-paid报酬低的 名词+过去分词 snow-covered被雪覆盖的；man-made人造的 名词+现在分词 English-speaking说英语的；peace-loving热爱和平的 名词+形容词 duty-free免关税的；world-famous世界闻名的 数词+名词（单数）+（形容词） （高频考点） five-star五星级的；100-word 一百字的 ten-meter-high十米高；eight-year-old 8岁的 形容词+名词+ -(e)d kind-hearted好心的；‌open-minded 开明的；bad-tempered 脾气暴躁的 二、形容词的基本用法 句法功能 用法 示例 作定语 一般位于被修饰词的前面，起描述、修饰或限定被修饰词的作用。 If you live a healthy life,your memory will work better. 如果你过着健康的生活，你的记忆力会更好。 作表语 位于连系动词be、look、sound、smell、 taste、feel、get、become、seem等后，构成系表结构。 The idea sounds great.这个主意听起来不错。 作补足语 可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语，说明主语和宾语的性质、状态、特征等。常接形容词作补足语的动词有keep、find、make、think等。 My friend Peter finds maths very difficult. 我的朋友彼得发现数学很困难。 作状语 主要表示原因、伴随或结果等。形容词作状语位于句首或句末，常用逗号与其他部分隔开。 She was lying in bed,wide awake.(表伴随) 她在床上躺着，十分清醒。 Hungry and tired,I have to stop to have a rest.(原因状语)又饿又累，我不得不停下来休息。 We arrived home very late, safe and sound.(表结果) 我们很晚才到家，安然无恙。 三、形容词的位置 位置 用法 示例 形容词前置 形容词作定语，一般置于被修饰词前，即“(限定词+)形容词+名词”。 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真正的朋友会向你伸出援手，触动你的内心。 形容词后置 形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-构成的复合不定代词时，常置于被修饰词后，即“复合不定代词+形容词”。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。 asleep、awake、afraid、 alive、alone等作定语时，常置于被修饰词后。 John was the only boy awake at the time. 约翰是当时唯一醒着的男孩。 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，例如:tall、long、wide、high、deep、thick、old等，应放在相应的名词之后。 This river is about 50,000 meters long. 这条河大约五万米长。 形容词短语作定语时， 常置于修饰词后，即“名词+形容词短语”。 He gave me a box full of books. 他给了我一盒书。 用and、or或but连接的两个或几个形容词构成的形容词短语作定语时 All the people,young or old,all like Lao She’s Tea House. 所有的人，无论老少，都喜欢老舍的茶馆。 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的排列顺序 限定词(冠词、所有格、形容词性物主代词等)+序数词+基数词+表示观点的形容词(品质、特性等，即表示好、坏、美、丑等的词)+大小或长短+形状或样式+年龄或新旧+颜色+产地或来源+材料或种类 +用途+名词。 both the tall old American men 这两个高大的美国老人 such a pretty long red dress 如此漂亮的一件红色长裙 四、形容词的比较等级及用法 1. 规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest 注意：有些形容词没有程度可分，或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，favorite(最爱的)，perfect(完美的)等。 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 3.形容词比较等级的结构和句型 (1)原级表示比较的用法 用法 例句 肯定句中常用“as+形容词原级+as”的结构，表示“……(前者) 和……(后者)一样……”。 Lily is as happy as Lucy.莉莉和露西一样开心。 在否定句中，可用“not so/as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“…… (前者)不如……(后者)那样……”。 This book is not so/as interesting as that one. 这本书不如那本有趣。 倍数表达用“倍数+as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“……是……的几倍……”。 This tree is three times as tall as that small one. 这棵树是那棵小树的三倍高。 (2)比较级的用法 用法 例句 “比较级+than”结构表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 She runs faster than her brother(did). 她跑得比她弟弟快。 “比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”, 多音节词和部分双音节词用于此结构时，要用“more and more+形容词原级”。 The weather is getting colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷。She is becoming more and more outgoing.她变得越来越开朗了。 “The+比较级…，the+比较级…”表示“越……, 就越 ……”。 The more you practice, the better you speak. 你练习得越多，说得就越好。 The more books you read, the wiser you will be. 你读的书越多，就会越睿智。 “Which/Who...+谓语动词+比较级，A or B?”表示“A和B哪一个/谁更……?”。 Who is more hard-working, Lily or Lucy? 谁更勤奋，莉莉还是露西？ “A…+倍数+比较级+than+B” 表示“A是B的几倍……”。 This building is five times higher than that one. 这座楼比那座楼高五倍。 “A...+the+比较级+of the two(+可数名词复数)”表示“……是两者中较/更……的那个”。 This pen is the nicer of the two pens on the desk. 这支笔是桌上两支笔中更好看的那支。 补充：形容词比较级的修饰语 类别 修饰语 比较级 even甚至 much更 still更；还要 a bit/a little有点 a lot很 far更 by far非常 rather相当 (3)最高级的用法 用法 含义 例句 the+最高级+ of / in ... 表示“三者及三者以上中程度最高的”。 This TV is the least expensive of all. 这台电视是所有电视机里最便宜的。 one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 表示“……中最……之一”。 Shanghai is one of the largest cities in China. 上海是中国最大的城市之一。 the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数 表示“第几最……”。 This is the second biggest museum in my hometown. 这是我家乡的第二大博物馆。 Which/Who+be /动词+ (the)+最高级? 表示“哪一个/谁最……”。 Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? 哪个城市是最美丽的，北京，上海还是福州？ (4)比较级表示最高级含义 用法 示例 比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数+比较范围 Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain. 珠穆朗玛峰是最高的山峰。 比较级+than+any of the other+可数名词复数+比较范围 My son is taller than any of the other students in his class.我儿子在他班级里是个子最高的。 比较级+than+anything/anyone else(+比较范围) More than anything else,Jack wanted to become a teacher.杰克最想成为一名教师。 比较级+than +all the other +可数名词复数(+比较范围) Time is more valuable than all the other things. 时间比其他任何东西都宝贵。 比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数+比较范围 My sister is younger than the other kids at her class. 我妹妹比她班里的其他孩子都小。 否定词+比较级(+than+比较范围) I have never seen a more excellent movie than this one. 我从未看过比这更精彩的电影。 五、形容词的搭配与句型 1.形容词与介词的搭配 搭配 例子 例子 与about搭配 be crazy about对……着迷 be excited about对……感到兴奋 be worried about担忧…… be serious about对……认真 与at搭配 be angry at对……生气 be surprised at对……感到惊奇 be mad at对……感到愤怒 be amazed at惊讶…… 与for搭配 be bad for对……有坏处 be famous/known for因……而著名 be late for迟到 be good for对……有好处 be/get ready for为……做好准备 be well-known for因……而著名 与in搭配 be interested in对……感兴趣 be successful in在……方面成功 be different in在……方面不同 be weak in在……方面薄弱 与from搭配 be absent from缺席 be separated from和……分离 be far from远离 be different from与……不同 与of搭配 be short of短缺 be/get tired of对……感到厌倦 be afraid of害怕 be full of充满 be careful of对……小心 be proud of因……而自豪 与with搭配 be strict with对……要求严格 be good with善于应付…… be filled with充满…… be careful with小心…… be busy with忙于…… be angry with生……的气 与to搭配 be similar to与……相似 be thankful to sb.感激某人 be kind to对……和蔼 be friendly to对……友好 be useful to对……有用 be close to接近;靠近 be good to对……好 be harmful to对……有害 2. 含形容词的常用句型 句型 含义 例句 it's+adj.(+for+sb.)+动词不定式或it is+adj.+that从句。 表示“做某事(对某人来说)怎么样”。常用形容词有kind (友善的)、nice (友好的)、polite (有礼貌的)、clever (聪明的)、careless (粗心的)等。 It is not easy for Jim to learn Chinese. 学汉语对吉姆来说不容易。 it's+adj.+of+sb.+动词不定式 表示“某人做某事怎么样”。 It's kind of you to help me. 你帮助我太好了。 主语+be+形容词+动词不定式 表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad (高兴的)、pleased (高兴的)、sorry (遗憾的；难过的)、sad (忧伤的)等后常接动词不定式。 I'm sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。 六、常见易混形容词辨析 ①-ing形容词和-ed形容词 很多动词的现在分词(-ing)和过去分词(-ed)可作形容词使用。一般来说，现在分词转化来的形容词常用于修饰物；过去分词转化来的形容词常用于修饰人。 -ing形容词和-ed形容词 amazing令人惊讶的→amazed惊奇的 exciting令人激动的→excited激动的 frightening令人害怕的→frightened害怕的 interesting有趣的→interested感兴趣的 boring令人厌烦的→bored厌烦的 worrying令人担忧的→worried担忧的 pleasing令人愉快的→pleased开心的 surprising使人惊奇的→surprised吃惊的 提示： -ing形容词常译为“令人……的”;-ed 形容词常译为“感到……的”。当通过声音、表情等描述人的感受时，也用-ed形容词。如：an excited expression兴奋的表情 ②其他易混辨析 1. asleep/sleepy asleep 意为 “睡着的”，用作表语 例：The baby is asleep in the bed. 宝宝在床上睡着了。 sleepy 意为 “想睡的，困乏的”，可用作表语或定语 例：I feel sleepy in the boring class. 我在枯燥的课堂上感到犯困。 2. alone/lonely alone 作形容词，通常只表示客观上的一个人或没有外人，只作表语 例：She is alone at home today. 她今天独自在家。 lonely 意为 “孤寂的”，有较强的感情色彩，可用作表语或定语 例：The old man feels lonely without his family. 这位老人没有家人陪伴，感到很孤寂。 3. live, living, alive 与 lively 的区别 （1）alive 意为 “活的，活着的”, 没有比较级和最高级，可用作表语和后置定语，指人或动物，不能用来指植物 例：The little cat is still alive after the accident. 这只小猫在事故后还活着。 （2）living 意为 “活着的；现存的”, 指人或物可用作表语和定语，作定语时要放在所修饰的名词前 例：He is a famous living writer in China. 他是中国一位著名的在世作家。 （3）live 意为 “有生命的；活的；现场播出的”, 可作定语，指动物或植物，不能用来指人 例：We watched a live football match on TV. 我们在电视上看了一场足球现场直播。 （4）lively 意为 “有生气的；活泼的”, 可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语，指人或物 例：The little girl has a lively personality. 这个小女孩性格活泼。 4. ill, sick 的区别 ill：形容词，意为 “生病的”，常作表语，较少用于修饰名词 例：Her mother is ill and can't go to work. 她的妈妈生病了，没法去上班。 sick：形容词，意为 “生病的、恶心的”，可作表语或定语，用途更广 例：She took care of her sick father at home. 她在家照顾生病的父亲。 5. farther,further 的区别 farther：far 的比较级，意为 “更远的”，侧重指物理距离上的更远 例：The park is farther from here than the supermarket. 这个公园比超市离这儿更远。 further：far 的比较级，意为 “更多的、更进一步的”，侧重指程度、数量上的更深或更远 例：We need to make further study on this problem. 我们需要对这个问题做进一步的研究。 一、语法选择 1. （2025·广东·真题）She also learned how to make dumplings of shapes. A．different B．difference C．differently 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她还学会了如何包不同形状的饺子。 different不同的，形容词；difference不同，名词；differently不同地，副词。根据“shapes”可知，此处用形容词different修饰名词shapes，表示“不同形状的饺子”。故选A。 2. （2025·广东·真题）To a girl of her age, cooking was real magic. As Lily grew up, she learned more about food and tried cooking dishes than before. A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult 【答案】B 【解析】句意：随着莉莉的成长，她对食物有了更多的了解，并尝试烹饪比以前更难的菜肴。 difficult困难的；more difficult更困难的；the most difficult最困难的。根据“than before”可知，此处用比较级more difficult。故选B。 3. （2024·广州·真题）“Yes. The number of the penguins was once much , but it isn’t very big anymore. ...” A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：企鹅的数量曾经大得多，但现在已经不多了。 big 大的；bigger 更大的；biggest 最大的；the biggest 最大的，the+最高级。much修饰比较级。故选B。 4. After his parents left, the little boy felt very ________ at home. A. alone B. lonely C. quietly D. clearly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：父母离开后，这个小男孩在家感到非常孤独。空处作 felt 的表语，需用形容词，lonely（形容词）表 “孤独的”，侧重主观情感；alone 作形容词时仅表 “单独的”，无情感色彩，不符合语境故选B。 5.（2025·天津·中考真题）Lingling is one of ________ students in my class. She is always ready to offer help. A．helpful B．more helpful C．less helpful D．the most helpful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：玲玲是我班上最乐于助人的学生之一。她总是乐于提供帮助。 考查形容词最高级用法。根据“one of…”可知，此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”的结构，表示“最……的之一”，故此处应用形容词最高级。故选D。 6.（2024·云南昆明·一模）Hua Hua, a 3-year-old panda, is so cute that ______ people love her. A．less and less B．fewer and fewer C．more and more D．better and better 【答案】C 【详解】句意：花花，一只三岁的熊猫，非常可爱，越来越多的人喜欢她。 考查词汇辨析。less and less越来越少；fewer and fewer越来越少；more and more be越来越多；better and better越来越好。根据“Hua Hua, a 3-year-old panda, is so cute...”可知，花花非常可爱，所以越来越多的人喜欢她，故选C。 二、完形填空 1. （2025·广州·真题）I dreamed of acting on stage, but I had a big birthmark on my face, so I chose to work behind the stage.I was proud of what I’d done for the play so far, but finding a dog actor was not ① . The dog had to look good and be nice. I needed a star, not just any dog. Mr. Lee was getting really ② . He even thought about using a toy dog! Just then, a friend brought us his dog Lucky. ① A．funny B．important C．easy D．possible ② A．excited B．active C．worried D．lonely 【解析】 ①．句意：到目前为止，我为这部剧所做的一切让我感到自豪，但找到一只狗演员并不容易。 funny有趣的；important重要的；easy容易的；possible可能的。根据“It was harder than I thought”以及“The dog had to look good and be nice. I needed a star, not just any dog.”可知，找到合适的狗演员要求高，并不容易。故选C。 ② ．句意：李先生真的很担心。 excited兴奋的；active积极的；worried担心的；lonely孤独的。根据“He even thought about using a toy dog!”可知，找不到合适的狗演员，李先生甚至考虑用玩具狗，说明他很担心。故选C。 2. （2024·广东·真题）Betty has made it partly because she is curious about everything. This is a very quality for a scientist. A．poor B．strange C．similar D．important 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这对科学家来说是非常重要的品质。 poor贫穷的；strange奇怪的；similar相似的；important重要的。根据“Betty has made it partly because she is curious about everything. This is a very...quality for a scientist.”可知，好奇对科学家来说是非常重要的品质。故选D。 3. （2024·深圳·真题）Then he started to make the windmill. The moment his farm work finished in the fields, he threw himself on studying the materials, staying till midnight. Finally, he made it after many failures . A．calm B．awake C．relaxed D．free 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当他在田里完成农活的那一刻，他就埋头研究材料，一直到半夜还醒着。 calm镇静的；awake醒着的；relaxed放松的；free自由的。根据“he threw himself on studying the materials, staying…till midnight.”可知，为了制作风车，威廉埋头研究，直到半夜还醒着。故选B。 三、语篇填词 1.（2025·广州·真题） A hospital in Guangzhou had a special idea to help children feel better. They turned the children’s ward (病区) into an art gallery (画廊). Doctors, nurses, artists, and even the children themselves helped create this f space. 【答案】(f)un/(f)antastic 【解析】句意：医生、护士、艺术家，甚至孩子们自己都帮助创造了这个有趣的/极好的空间。根据“They turned the children’s ward (病区) into an art gallery”以及首字母提示可知他们将儿童病房改造成画廊，这个空间是有趣的/极好的，fun“有趣的”，fantastic“极好的”，形容词作定语修饰名词space。故填(f)un/(f)antastic。 2.（2024·广州·真题）Shadow puppet play (皮影戏) has a history of over 2, 000 years. It is a t art of telling stories. 【答案】(t)raditional 【解析】句意：它是一种讲故事的传统艺术。根据“has a history of over 2,000 years”及首字母可知，皮影戏是一种传统艺术，traditional“传统的”符合语境。故填(t)raditional。 3. （2024·广州·真题）With the help of his Chinese friends, Sam built a shadow puppet play stage and made some paper puppets. But learning to control the puppets is not e . He spent hours practising every day for several months. 【答案】(e)asy 【解析】句意：但是学习控制皮偶并不容易。根据“learning to control the puppets is not…”和“He spent hours practising every day for several months”可知，控制皮偶并不容易，easy“容易的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填(e)asy。 四、选词填空(语法填空) 1.（2025·广东·一模） Liu had an even dream, to become a lawyer. （备选词big） 【答案】bigger 【解析】句意：刘峥有一个更大的梦想，成为一名律师。根据“Liu had an even…dream, to become a lawyer.”可知，此处暗含与之前生活的对比，用形容词比较级bigger表示“更大的”符合语境，故填bigger。 2.（2025·广东·一模）As a result, this idea quickly win their heart.（备选词create） 【答案】creative 【解析】句意：因此，这个富有创意的想法迅速赢得了大家的心。根据“idea”可知，此处需要形容词，描述这个想法的特点，结合备选词，create的形容词形式creative“富有创意的”，符合语境，故填creative。 3.（2025·深圳·模拟预测） The only chance to make her (health) again was a blood transfusion (输血) from her five-year-old brother Dick. 【答案】healthy 【解析】句意：唯一能让她恢复健康的机会是从她五岁的弟弟Dick那里输血。“make sb. + adj.” 表示“使某人处于某种状态”，“health”的形容词形式是“healthy”。故填healthy。 4.（2025·深圳·模拟预测）The doctor smiled and said, “Of course not. You’ll be (strong) than before soon.” 【答案】stronger 【解析】句意：医生笑着说：“当然不会，你很快就会比之前更健壮。”根据“than before”可知，此处需用形容词比较级“stronger”。故填stronger。 副词 一、副词的种类和构成 1）副词的分类 副词分类 定义与常见词 例句 时间副词 表示动作发生的时间 常见：now, then, today, yesterday, soon 1. I will finish my report today. 我今天会完成我的报告。 2. He will call you back soon. 他很快会给你回电话。 地点副词 表示地点或位置关系 常见：here, there, in, everywhere, down, up, inside 1. Please come here and take a seat. 请到这里来坐。 2. The cat is hiding inside the box. 猫正藏在盒子里。 频度副词 表示动作发生的频率 常见：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 频率排序：always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never 1. He always gets up at 6 o'clock in the morning. 他总是早上6点起床。 2. They often go hiking on weekends. 他们周末经常去徒步。 方式副词 表示行为方式 常见：badly, fast, peacefully, carefully, slowly 1. Drive slowly on the rainy road. 雨天路滑，请慢点开。 2. He did his homework carefully to avoid mistakes. 他认真做作业以避免出错。 程度副词 表示程度，多修饰形容词/副词 常见：very, much, too, almost, completely 1. The movie is very exciting. 这部电影非常刺激。 2. It's too hot to go out today. 今天太热了，不适合出门。 疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句 常见：how, when, where, why 1. When will you go to the concert? 你什么时候去看演唱会？ 2. Where did you put my glasses? 你把我的眼镜放哪里了？ 关系副词 引导定语从句 常见：where, when, why 1. This is the park where we first met. 这就是我们第一次见面的公园。 2. Could you tell me the reason why you were late? 你能告诉我你迟到的原因吗？ 连接副词 引导主语/宾语/表语从句 常见：why, when 1. When we will start depends on the weather. 我们什么时候出发取决于天气。 2. I don't know why he refused the invitation. 我不知道他为什么拒绝了邀请。 其他副词 其他功能副词 常见：also, only, too, perhaps, either 1. She is also a member of the school choir. 她也是学校合唱团的一员。 2. Perhaps we can go to the museum tomorrow. 也许我们明天可以去博物馆。 2）副词的构成 A. 形容词变副词主要是通过加 -ly 实现的，但不同拼写的形容词有不同的变形细节，下面是完整的规则总结： 1.一般情况 直接在形容词词尾加 -ly：careful → carefully；slow → slowly；quick → quickly 2. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -ly； happy → happily；easy → easily；heavy → heavily 3. 以 “le” 结尾；去掉 e，再加 -y gentle → gently；possible → possibly；comfortable → comfortably 4. 以 “ic” 结尾，在词尾加 -ally basic → basically；historic → historically；economic → economically 5. 特殊变化：有些形容词变副词时拼写有特殊变化 true → truly；whole → wholly；full → fully B. 形副同形情况；有些形容词和副词词形完全相同，不需要变形 fast → fast；late → late；early → early；hard → hard C. 同根副词 有些同根副词意义有别，如 hard（努力地）与 hardly（几乎不）；near（在附近）与 nearly（几乎）等。 二、副词的句法功能 成分 功能 例句 作状语 (1)修饰动词、形容词和其他副词 (2)修饰整个句子 She quickly finished her homework. 她快速完成了作业。 The movie is really interesting. 这部电影真的很有趣。 He runs quite fast. 他跑得相当快。 Suddenly, a dog ran across the street. 突然，一只狗跑过了马路。 作定语 少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。 The books there are for the students in Grade Eight. 那边的书是给八年级学生的。 作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示方位、动作或状态的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs等。 The light is on. Please turn it off. 灯开着，请把它关掉。 When will you be back home? 你什么时候回家？ 作宾语补足语 作补足语主要说明宾语和主语所处的位置，状态等。 We should keep the bad people away from kids. 我们应该让坏人远离孩子。 三、副词的位置 （1）方式副词放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语后面。 We all listen carefully in class.（我们在课堂上都认真听讲。） She is writing a letter patiently to her pen pal.（她正在耐心地给笔友写信。） （2）频度副词、程度副词放在 be 动词或助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。 She is seldom late for her piano lessons.（她上钢琴课很少迟到。） They have already prepared for the final exam.（他们已经为期末考试做好了准备。） The problem was so difficult that I could barely solve it.（这道题太难了，我几乎解不出来。） My father often takes a walk after dinner.（我爸爸经常在晚饭后散步。） （3）修饰整个句子作评论性状语的副词，往往被置于句首。 Hopefully, we can finish the project ahead of schedule.（希望我们能提前完成这个项目。） Honestly, I don’t think this plan is practical.（老实说，我觉得这个计划不太实际。） （4）enough 作副词修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。 The movie was interesting enough to keep us engaged for two hours.这部电影足够有趣，让我们看了两个小时都没走神。 He ran fast enough to win the race.他跑得足够快，赢得了比赛。 四、副词的比较等级 1.副词的比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则变化：与形容词的比较级和最高级的变化相同。 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well好地 better best bad坏地 worse worst little少量 less least much很多 more most far远地 farther/further farthest/furthest 提示： little作为副词时，表示否定意义“少；几乎没有”,作状语 置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序。 2.副词比较等级的用法 (1)原级比较的用法 用法 例句 肯定句中用“as+副词原级+as”结构，表示前后两者的情况一样。 I enjoy music as much as Betty does. 我和贝蒂一样喜欢音乐。 (2)比较级的用法 用法 例句 “副词比较级+than”结构表示两者之间进行对比。 I can run faster and farther than he can. 我能跑得比他快而且跑得比他远。 “副词比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+副词原级”表示某种情况变得“ 越来越…… ”。 The wind is blowing more and more strongly. 风吹得越来越大了。 “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示一方的程度随着另一方程度的变化而变化，意为“越……, (就)越……”。 The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. 我们彼此了解得越多，就越能互相理解。 “Which/Who+实义动词+副词比较级，A or B?”表示“哪一个/谁……得更……，A还是B? ” Who dances better,Jane or Sally? 谁能跳得更好，简还是莎莉？ 注 意：副词最高级前的定冠词the可省略。 例如:Tom studies (the) hardest in our class. 汤姆在我们班学习最努力。 易混辨析： farther与farthest指距离上更远、最远。further 与 furthest 用于抽象概念，表示程度上更进一步、最大程度，有时也可表示距离上更远、最远。 例句：We watched their ship moving gradually farther away.我们看着他们的船逐渐驶离得越来越远。 (3)最高级的用法 主要用法为“(the+) 副词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句”结构。 The girl runs (the) fastest in the class.这个女孩在班上跑得最快。 Tom talks (the) least and does (the) most in his group. 汤姆是他小组说得最少干得最多的。 五、形容词和副词用法辨析 副词和形容词在用法上极易混淆，特别是那些词形相同的副词和形容词。下面从它们的作用、位置和在句子中的谓语动词三个方面来比较一下。 1. 作用不同 形容词在句中修饰名词或某些代词，用作定语；而副词在句中修饰动词（短语）、形容词、副词或整个句子，用作状语。 例：The warm sun shines brightly.（warm 作形容词，修饰名词 sun） She finished the task warmly and efficiently.（warmly 作副词，修饰动词短语 finished the task） 2. 在句中的位置不同 形容词修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰复合不定代词时，置于复合不定代词之后。而副词修饰形容词或副词时，一般放在形容词或副词之前。 例：We visited an ancient temple in the mountains.（形容词 ancient 修饰名词 temple） He has something important to discuss with you.（形容词 important 修饰复合不定代词 something） This movie is extremely popular among teenagers.（副词 extremely 修饰形容词 popular） She completed the project quite successfully.（副词 quite 修饰副词 successfully） 3. 所在句子中的谓语动词不同 根据句子中使用的谓语动词可以判断出应该用形容词还是用副词。如果谓语动词是系动词，则后面一般应用形容词作表语，不用副词；如果谓语动词是行为动词，那后面要用副词修饰。 例：The cake tastes delicious.（taste为系动词，后接形容词 delicious） He tastes the soup carefully to check the seasoning.（taste 为行为动词，后接副词 carefully） 六、常见易混副词辨析 1. late, later, latest, lately late 是形容词、副词。意为 “晚的”。、“迟地”。 例句：She was late for the morning meeting because of the traffic jam.（因为交通堵塞，她早会迟到了。） latest 是 late 的最高级，最晚的，最新的。 例句：This is the latest fashion trend this season.（这是本季最新的流行趋势。） later 是 late 的比较级，较晚的，更迟的；也可以作为副词，后来，稍后，一会。 例句：I’ll finish this task later—right now I’m busy.（我稍后再完成这项任务，现在我很忙。） lately 最近地。相当 recently 例句：Lately, I’ve been feeling a bit tired after work.（最近，我下班后总感觉有点累。） 2.also/too/as well/either also 意为 “也”，正式用语，一般用于肯定句中，常位于系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前 例句：She also volunteers at the community center on weekends.（她周末也会在社区中心做志愿者。） too 意为 “也”，多用于口语，一般用于肯定句和疑问句中，常位于句末，前面常有逗号和其他成分隔开。 例句：I want to go to the concert, too.（我也想去那场音乐会。） as well 意为 “也”，多用于口语，一般用于肯定句和疑问句中，其前一般不用逗号隔开 例句：If you’re buying milk, could you get some bread as well?（如果你买牛奶，能不能顺便买些面包？） either 意为 “也”，用于否定句和否定的疑问句，常位于句末。 例句：He can’t swim, and I can’t either.（他不会游泳，我也不会。） 3. already/yet/still already 常用于肯定句中，表示 “已经” 例句：They have already booked their flight tickets to Japan.（他们已经订好了去日本的机票。） yet 用于否定句句末，表示 “还”，用于疑问句句末，表示 “已经” 例句：Have you received the official notice yet?（你已经收到官方通知了吗？） still 表示 “某事尚在进行中”，常用于肯定句；用于否定句时，需放在否定词之前。 例句：She still hasn’t replied to my email from last week.（她还没有回复我上周发的邮件。） 4. sometime/sometimes/some time/some times sometime 意为 “某一时间，某一时刻”，既可指将来，也可指过去。 例句：We should have a face-to-face chat sometime next month.（我们下个月找个时间当面聊聊吧。） sometimes 意为 “有时，不时”，相当于 at times 例句：Sometimes I cook dinner for my roommates.（我有时会给室友做晚饭。） some time 意为 “一段时间”，其中 time 为不可数名词 例句：It will take some time to get used to the new working environment.（适应新的工作环境需要一段时间。） some times 意为 “几次”，其中 time 为可数名词 例句：I have met that famous writer some times at literary events.（我在文学活动中见过那位著名作家几次。）5.too much、too many和much too “too much” 修饰不可数名词，“太多的” 例句：Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.（吃太多糖会导致健康问题。） “too many” 修饰可数名词复数，“太多的” 例句：There are too many rules in this company.（这家公司的规矩太多了。） “much too” 修饰 adj/adv 的原级，“太、非常” 例句：The movie is much too long for me to finish in one sitting.（这部电影太长了，我没法一次性看完。） 6. hard 和 hardly hard 作形容词，意为 “困苦的；艰难的；坚硬的”; 作副词，意为 “努力地；猛烈地 例句：It rained hard last night, causing a small flood in the street.（昨晚雨下得很大，导致街上出现了小洪水。） hardly 作副词，意为 “几乎不；几乎没有”, 它并不是 hard 的副词形式 例句：He was so nervous that he could hardly say a word.（他紧张得几乎说不出话来。） 7. how often, how long, how soon (1) how often 意为 “多久一次”，询问多久做一次某事，即动作发生的频率。 例句：—How often do you go to the cinema? —About twice a month. —— 你多久去看一次电影？—— 大约一个月两次。 (2) how long 表示 “多久，多长时间”，对一段时间进行提问，常与延续性动词连用。 例句：—How long have you been learning to play the piano? —For five years. —— 你学弹钢琴多久了？—— 五年了。 (3) how soon 也有 “多久” 的意思，它指的是 “将过多久”，常用在将来时中。 例句：—How soon will the repair work be finished? —In two days. —— 维修工作多久能完成？—— 两天后。 8. high, highly high 作副词，表示具体的 “高”，而 highly 表示抽象意义上的 “高”。 例句：The eagle flew high above the mountains, and its freedom is highly admired by people. 雄鹰在高山上空高高飞翔，它的自由受到人们的高度赞赏。 9. deep, deeply deep 作副词，表示具体的 “深”，指实际的深度；deeply 表示抽象意义上的 “深”，指情感、影响等程度深。 例句：The diver dived deep into the sea, and we were deeply moved by his courage. 潜水员潜入了深海，我们被他的勇气深深打动了。 一、语法选择 1.（2025·广州·真题）I jumped back and went deeper, with my eyes open. A．quick B．quicker C．quickness D．quickly 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我跳回去，迅速游向更深的地方，眼睛睁着。 quick快的，形容词；quicker更快的，形容词比较级；quickness迅速，名词；quickly迅速地，副词。根据“went deeper”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，所以空处用quickly。故选D。 2.（2025·广州·真题） I swam to it, and when it was about five feet away, I got to know it was simply a Caribbean reef shark. A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我游得更近了，当它离我大约五英尺远时，我知道它只是一只加勒比礁鲨。 close近，形容词；closer更近，形容词比较级；closest最近，形容词最高级；the closest最近，形容词最高级前加the。根据“to it”可知，此处用close的比较级closer修饰动词swam，表示游得更近了。故选B。 3.（2024·广东·真题）Peter’s mother even suggests giving pocket money to children as as when they are four. A．early B．earlier C．earliest 【答案】A 【解析】句意：彼得的母亲甚至建议早在孩子四岁时就给他们零花钱。 early原级；earlier比较级，earliest最高级。as...as中间用原级，故选A。 4.（2025·广州·真题）The two kids climbed onto the rocks and looked over. A．care B．caring C．careful D．carefully 【答案】D 【解析】句意：两个孩子小心翼翼地爬到岩石上往外看。 care 在意，动词；caring 关心他人的，体贴的，形容词；careful 仔细的，小心的，形容词；carefully 小心地，副词。 空处修饰动词climbed，所以用副词。故选D。 5. If I’m going ________ for the first time, I’ll go online and google it. A．somewhere B．everywhere C．anywhere D．nowhere 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我是第一次去某个地方，我会上网谷歌搜索一下。 考查地点副词辨析。somewhere某地；everywhere到处；anywhere任何地方；nowhere没有地方。根据“for the first time”可知是第一次去某个地方。故选A。 6. This kind of plant is ________ seen in our city because it lives 4,500 metres above sea level and it is hard to be found. A．usually B．always C．seldom D．often 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这种植物在我们城市很少见到，因为它生长在海拔 4500 米的地方，很难被找到。 考查副词词义辨析。usually 通常；always 总是；seldom很少；often 经常。根据“because it lives 4, 500 metres above sea level and it is hard to be found”可知，这种植物生长在海拔 4500 米处且很难被找到，因此在城市里“很少” 能见到，故选C。 二、完形填空 1.（2025·广东·真题）Once, a reader took home an English book on Chinese history. A week later, he passed it on to a neighbor. , the book traveled all the way abroad and ended up in Germany. “The journey of the book is a wonder. Many wonders like this keep the culture of reading alive,” Xu tells the newspaper. A．Clearly B．Hopefully C．Generally D．Amazingly 【答案】D 【解析】句意：令人惊讶的是，这本书一路传到了国外，最后到了德国。 Clearly清楚地；Hopefully有希望地；Generally一般地；Amazingly令人惊讶地。根据“the book traveled all the way abroad and ended up in Germany”可知，这本书一路传到了国外，最后到了德国，这是令人惊讶的。故选D。 2.（2024·广东·真题）But when things don’t go as she plans, she feels no disappointment. A．safely B．crazily C．blindly D．smoothly 【答案】D 【解析】句意：但当事情没有按计划顺利进行时，她不会感到失望。 safely安全地；crazily疯狂地；blindly盲目地；smoothly顺利地。根据“But when things don’t go...as she plans, she feels no disappointment.”可知，当事情没有按计划顺利进行时她不会感到失望。故选D。 3.（2024·深圳·真题）To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The villagers cheered. William threw his hands in the air and jumped . To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village. A．excitedly B．hurriedly C．carefully D．worriedly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：威廉举起双手，兴奋地跳了起来。 excitedly兴奋地；hurriedly匆忙地；carefully认真地；worriedly担心地。根据“To their amazement, the bulb lit up.”可知，灯泡亮了，威廉成功了，所以他兴奋地跳起来。故选A。 三、短文填空 1. (2025·广东·真题)（选词填空）“It wasn’t designed to be one; it just became one,” Mike tells a reporter. “This influenced me . I came to realize that, as architects, we should design with people to keep a city alive.”（备选词deep） 【答案】deeply 【解析】句意：这深深地影响了我。根据“This influenced me...”和备选词可知，此处指深深地影响了我，deep“深的”符合语境，此处修饰动词influenced，用副词形式deeply。故填deeply。 2.（2024·深圳·真题）（语法填空）We trained hard, each stroke bringing us a closer to understanding the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival,” said Ole (proud). 【答案】proudly 【解析】句意：Ole骄傲地说道：“参加这项运动，我们意识到了合作的重要性。我们刻苦训练，每一次划桨都让我们更加了解端午节的传统。”此处应用副词proudly修饰动词said。故填proudly。 3.（2023·深圳·真题）（语法填空） Fifa said that she was (real) amazed at how food could hold so much meaning. 【答案】really 【解析】句意：Fifa说，她真的很惊讶食物竟然能包含如此多的意义。根据“Fifa said that she was...amazed”可知，此处应该用副词really“真正地”，修饰形容词amazed。故填really。 4.（2025·深圳·模拟）（语法填空）At that time, I worked in a hospital. There was a little girl. She was 881 (bad) ill. 【答案】badly 【解析】句意：有一个小女孩，她病得很严重。空处需用副词修饰形容词“ill”，“bad”的副词形式是“badly”，表示“严重地”。故填badly。 一、单项选择 1.（2025·云南·中考真题）Journey to the West is one of ________ classic novels in China. People like reading it. A．famous B．more famous C．the more famous D．the most famous 【答案】D 【详解】句意：《西游记》是中国最著名的经典小说之一。人们喜欢读它。 考查形容词最高级。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，固定句型。故选D。 2.（2025·北京·中考真题）The National Library of China is ________ public library in Asia. A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国国家图书馆是亚洲最大的公共图书馆。 考查最高级。large大的，原级；larger更大的，比较级；largest最大的，最高级；the largest最大的，最高级。根据“in Asia”可知，此处含比较范围，在亚洲境内的图书馆，三者以上的比较用最高级，形容词最高级前加定冠词the。故选D。 3.（2025·四川雅安·模拟预测）Vegetables are _________ more important than junk food. A．so B．very C．much D．quite 【答案】C 【详解】句意：蔬菜比垃圾食品重要得多。 考查副词辨析。so如此；very非常；much非常；quite相当。空格后为比较级“more important”，需用修饰比较级的副词，只有“much”可加强比较级程度。故选C。 4. This is ________ book I’ve ever read. It’s so interesting. A．the most exciting B．more exciting C．the more exciting D．most exciting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我曾经读过的最令人激动的书。它是如此有趣。 考查形容词最高级。根据“I’ve ever read”（我曾经读过的）可知这里要用最高级，exciting的最高级是most exciting，最高级前要加冠词the，故选A。 5. I should check my spelling more ________ next time. What else shall I do? A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下次我应该更仔细地检查我的拼写。我还能做些什么？ 考查副词辨析。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；careless粗心的，形容词；carelessly粗心地，副词。空格位于动词短语“check my spelling”之后，用于修饰动词“check”，因此需要使用副词形式。根据句意，表示“更仔细地检查”，应选择副词“carefully”。故选B。 6.（2025·天津·模拟预测）It’s ______ to travel by plane than by ship. A．a lot more excited B．much exciting C．a lot more exciting D．much more excited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：乘飞机旅行比坐船更令人兴奋。 考查形容词辨析及比较级用法。根据“than”可知，此处要用形容词比较级，主语It是物，要用形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”作表语，其比较级为more exciting，可用a lot或much修饰。故选C。 7.（2025·天津河北·一模）Learning will become much _________ if you find the proper way. A．easier B．more easily C．more easy D．more easier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你找到正确的方法，学习会变得更简单。 考查形容词比较级用法。easier更简单的，形容词比较级；more easily更简单地，副词比较级；more easy结构错误；more easier结构错误。空处位于系动词become后，填形容词作表语。much修饰形容词比较级，故空处填形容词比较级easier。故选A。 8.（易错题）（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）He is ________ younger of the two boys. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是两个男孩中较年轻的一个。 考查冠词用法。a表泛指，不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表泛指，不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指，定冠词；/表示不填，零冠词。根据“… younger of the two boys”可知，此处特指两者中更年轻的那一个，应用定冠词the。故选C。 9.—How is the online concert? —It can’t be ________. I am really touched by it. A．bad B．good C．worse D．better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——线上音乐会怎么样？——它再好不过了。我真的很受感动。 考查形容词比较级的用法。bad坏的；good好的；worse更坏的；better更好的。根据“I am really touched by it”可知，说话者被音乐会深深感动，说明音乐会非常好，但“can’t be good”意为“不可能好”，与后文矛盾，排除；“can’t be better”表示“再好不过”，是固定表达，用比较级形式表达最高级含义。故选D。 10.（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）He is taller than ________ other boy in his class. A．some B．any C．few D．none 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他比他班上其他任何一个男孩都高。 考查代词辨析。some一些；any任何；few很少；none没有一个。“any other+可数名词单数”表示“其他任何一个”，符合此句比较的语境。故选B。 11. Fast walking is becoming ________ according to the recent survey. A．popular and popular B．more popular and more popular C．popularer and popularer D．more and more popular 【答案】D 【详解】句意：根据最近的调查，快走正变得越来越受欢迎。 考查形容词比较级用法。popular and popular重复原级错误；more popular and more popular重复比较级错误；popularer and popularer比较级形式错误；more and more popular越来越受欢迎（正确表达“越来越……”的结构）。根据“is becoming”可知需用“越来越……”的渐进比较结构，故选D。 12．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）In a DIY club, the more we practice, ________ we become. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在一个DIY俱乐部，我们练习得越多，我们就会变得越好。 考查比较级。worse更糟；worst最糟；better更好；best最好。根据“the more we practice, …we become.”可知这里是“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，排除B、D；根据常识可知，练习越多，就变得更好，应用better，故选C。 13.—Next month we’re going ________ as soon as the holiday begins. —Sounds good! A．somewhere interesting B．interesting somewhere C．anywhere interesting D．interesting anywhere 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——下个月假期一开始我们就打算去某个有趣的地方。 ——听起来不错！ 考查定语后置和副词用法。somewhere某处，副词，常用于肯定句中；anywhere在任何地方，副词，用于否定句和疑问句；interesting“有趣的”，形容词，修饰“somewhere”或“anywhere”时，要后置，排除B和D；句子为肯定句，应用somewhere，排除C。故选A。 14.—I felt so nervous during the show that I must have sounded awful. —Don’t be silly. You sang ________ of them all! A．more beautifully B．less beautifully C．the most beautifully D．the least beautifully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我在演出期间感到非常紧张，以至于我听起来一定很糟糕。——别傻了。你唱得是他们中最动听的！ 考查副词最高级。more beautifully更美好地，副词比较级；less beautifully不那么美好，副词比较级；the most beautifully最美好地，副词最高级；the least beautifully最不美好地，副词最高级。根据“Don’t be silly. You sang…of them all.”可知此处安慰对方是唱得最动听的，要用最高级the most beautifully，故选C。 15.（2025·西藏·中考真题）Protecting the earth is as ________ as protecting ourselves. A．important B．less important C．the most important D．more important 【答案】A 【详解】句意：保护地球和保护我们自己一样重要。 考查形容词比较等级。important重要的；less important没那么重要；the most important最重要的；more important更重要的。“as+形容词原级+as”表示“和……一样……”，此处表示“和……一样重要”，需用形容词原级，故选A。 易混辨析 1.（易错题）Though he had a bad cold, he studied as ________ as other students. A．hardly B．harder C．hard D．more hardly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管他患了重感冒，但他和其他学生一样努力学习。 考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；harder更努力（比较级）；hard努力地；more hardly语法错误（hardly本身为否定副词，无比较级形式）。根据句型 “as...as” 可知，此处需用原级副词修饰动词studied。表示“努力学习”应使用副词hard。故选C。 2.Luckily, it turns out to be easier than I thought. ________, she failed the exam. A．Fortunate B．Fortunately C．Unfortunate D．Unfortunately 【答案】D 【详解】句意：幸运的是，结果比我想象的要容易。不幸的是，她考试不及格。 考查词性及词义辨析。Fortunate幸运的，形容词；Fortunately幸运地，副词；Unfortunate不幸的，形容词；Unfortunately不幸地，副词。分析句子结构，空白处需要一个副词作状语，修饰整个句子，又根据“she failed the exam”可知，这里表达的是不好的情况。故选D。 3.—Your brother’s English pronunciation is ________ wonderful. —Well, he works hard at it. A．simply B．immediately C．suddenly D．probably 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你弟弟的英语发音简直太棒了。——嗯，他学习很努力。 考查副词辨析。simply简直，完全；immediately立刻；suddenly突然；probably可能。根据“wonderful”和“he works hard at it”可知，此处强调程度，表示“简直太棒了”。故选A。 4.—Do you often watch the show If You Are the One? —Yes. It is ________ a successful programme that it attracts ________ many audiences. A．such; such B．such; so C．so; such D．so; so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你经常看《非诚勿扰》这个节目吗？——是的。它是如此成功的一个节目，以至于它吸引了如此多的观众。   考查词义辨析。such意为“如此”，是形容词，用于修饰名词或名词短语，such a/an + 名词（短语）为固定搭配；so意为“如此”，是副词，用于修饰形容词或副词。句中，第一空后为名词短语“a successful programme”，故用such；第二空后为形容词“many”，故用so。故选B。 5.（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Lucy is a good reader. She is ________ to get the deep meaning of this book. A．too smart B．too slow C．smart enough D．slow enough 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西是个优秀的读者。她足够聪明，能够领会这本书的深层含义。 考查形容词辨析和enough后置。too smart太聪明；too slow太慢；smart enough足够聪明；slow enough足够慢。根据“She is ... to get the deep meaning of this book.”可知，她足够聪明，能够领会这本书的深层含义。故选C。 6.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class. A．wake B．awake C．sleep D．asleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有时我在课堂上喝很多咖啡来保持清醒。 考查词汇辨析及形容词作表语。wake唤醒，动词；awake醒着的，形容词；sleep睡觉，动词或名词；asleep睡着的，形容词。根据“Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ... in class.”可知，喝咖啡是为了保持清醒，由“stay”可知，此处应该用形容词awake作表语。故选B。 7．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Why not give up coffee ________? Or at least stop drinking it after 2:00 p.m. A．sudden B．suddenly C．complete D．completely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为什么不彻底戒掉咖啡？或者至少在下午2点后停止饮用。   考查副词辨析。sudden突然的（形容词）；suddenly突然地；complete完全的（形容词）；completely完全地。根据句意需要修饰动词“give up”，应选择副词形式，且“completely”更符合彻底戒掉的语义。故选D。 8．（2025·西藏·中考真题）For some people, Choudoufu smells ________ but tastes good. A．sweetly B．sweet C．badly D．bad 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对一些人来说，臭豆腐闻起来很难闻，但吃起来很好吃。 考查形容词的用法。sweetly甜美地，副词；sweet甜的，形容词；badly差，副词；bad令人不快的，形容词。根据“Choudoufu smells…but tastes good.”可知，此处指臭豆腐闻起来不好闻，但是味道很好吃，smells接形容词作表语，bad符合语境。故选D。 9. The story about space travel sounds ________, so all the students are ________ in it. A. interested; interesting B. interesting; interested C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个关于太空旅行的故事听起来很有趣，所以所有学生都对它感兴趣。 考查 - ed 形容词和 - ing 形容词的用法。interesting（形容词）意为 “有趣的”，用来修饰事物 / 物，描述事物本身的性质；interested（形容词）意为 “感兴趣的”，用来修饰人，常构成搭配be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）。第一空修饰 the story（事物），用 interesting；第二空修饰 the students（人），且有固定搭配，用 interested。故选 B。 10.（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）—Peter has worked for our community as a volunteer for ________ ten years. —What a nice person he is! A．really B．nearly C．slowly D．hardly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——彼得作为志愿者在我们社区工作了将近十年。——他真是个好人！ 考查副词辨析。really真正地；nearly将近，几乎；slowly缓慢地；hardly几乎不。根据“ten years”可知，此处说的是将近十年。故选B。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）The film has been a huge success and the (late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June. 【答案】latest 【详解】句意：这部电影取得了巨大的成功，最新消息称它将持续放映到六月底。根据“The film has been a huge success and the ... (late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June.”可知，此处表示“最新的”消息，定冠词the后跟形容词最高级形式latest“最新的”，修饰名词“news”。故填latest。 2.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s about a boy named Ne Zha, who is a bit (patient) sometimes but very brave. 【答案】impatient 【详解】句意：这是关于一个叫哪吒的男孩，他有时有点没耐心，但非常勇敢。根据“but very brave.”可知，此处要表达“没耐心”，patient有耐心的，形容词；其反义词是impatient“没耐心的”，符合语境。故填impatient。 3.（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）After graduating from his university, he chose one of the (far) villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer. 【答案】farthest 【详解】句意：大学毕业后，他选择了黑龙江最偏远的一个村庄去当志愿者。根据“he chose one of the ... villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer”可知，此处是“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故填farthest。 4.（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）The international influence of Yangzhou is getting than before. (strong) 【答案】stronger 【详解】句意：扬州在国际上的影响力比以前更强了。strong“强的，强壮的”。根据“The international influence of Yangzhou is getting...than before.”可知，空格处应用形容词比较级作表语，strong的比较级是stronger。故填stronger。 5．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）The more we communicate with our parents, the (good) we’ll understand each other. 【答案】better 【详解】句意：我们与父母沟通得越多，我们就越能相互理解。此处是结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……就越……”，故此处用比较级better。故填better。 6．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）With treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting. (wonder) 【答案】wonderful 【详解】句意：扬州博物馆内藏有珍品，非常值得一游。wonder“奇迹”。根据“With...treasures inside”可知，此处修饰名词，应用形容词，wonder的形容词为wonderful“极好的”。故填wonderful。 7.（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）Our neighbours are very (friend) to each other. 【答案】friendly 【详解】句意：我们的邻居彼此都很友好。friend“朋友”，名词；空处位于are后，应用形容词作表语，其形容词为friendly“友好的”，故填friendly。 8.（2025·西藏·中考真题）Speak Putonghua ________ (proper) and write Hanzi correctly. 【答案】properly 【详解】句意：正确地说普通话，正确地写汉字。根据句意“正确地说”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“Speak”，“proper”是形容词，其副词形式是“properly”，符合语法要求。故填properly。 9.（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）If you haven’t watched it yet, (simple) pick up your phone and book a ticket. 【答案】simply 【详解】句意：如果你还没看过它，只需拿起手机订一张票。根据“If you haven’t watched it yet, ... (simple) pick up your phone and book a ticket.”以及所给单词提示可知，此处需要用副词来修饰动词短语“pick up”，表示“简单地；仅仅”。simple是形容词，其副词形式为simply。 10.（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）Many tourists think of Yangzhou for its beautiful places of interest. (high) 【答案】highly 【详解】句意：许多游客因扬州美丽的景点而高度评价它。high“高的”，此处用其副词形式highly修饰动词think，think highly of“高度评价”。故填highly。 11．（2025·云南·中考真题）Teenagers are supposed to spend their money . (wise) 【答案】wisely 【详解】句意：青少年应该明智地花钱。此处修饰动词spend用副词wisely“明智地”。故填wisely。 12. —Who was the first to get to school yesterday, Mary or Jane? —Mary, of course. She got to school a lot (early). 【答案】earlier 【详解】句意：——昨天谁第一个到学校的，玛丽还是简？——当然是玛丽。她到学校早得多。early“早”是形容词或副词。由“a lot”可知，此处应用副词比较级，表示“早得多”。故填earlier。 13. (luck), Simon has found his lost ticket to the soccer game. 【答案】Luckily 【详解】句意：幸运的是，西蒙找到了他丢失的足球赛门票。根据题意和提示可知，此处应用luck的副词形式luckily修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Luckily。 14. Unless you listen more than you speak, you will never understand others. (true) 【答案】truly 【详解】句意：除非你多听少说，否则你永远不会真正理解别人。空处修饰动词understand，应用true对应的副词truly“真正地”。故填truly。 15. It rained so that we could hardly see the road in front of us. (heavy) 【答案】heavily 【详解】句意：雨下得如此大，以至于我们几乎看不清前方的路。根据“rained”可知，此处描述雨下得很大，修饰动词应该用副词。故填heavily。 三、完形填空 Chen-Ning Yang was a famous physicist and a Nobel Prize winner. Sadly, he 1 in Beijing on October 18th, 2025, at the age of 103. He was an important person and helped the 2 of science in China. Yang was born in Hefei, Anhui. He studied hard and later went to the United States to learn more about physics. In 1957, he 3 the Nobel Prize with his friend TD Lee for their new ideas in science, which made the world look at Chinese scientists in a new way. What made Yang special was his 4 love for China. In 1971, he was one of the Chinese scientists who were studying abroad and later returned to China. He 5 wanted to help his home country. He often came back to give 6 at universities and told young students, “China needs good scientists.” Yang did many things for China. He helped Tsinghua University build a research center for physics. He also 7 a prize for young scientists in Asia to encourage them to work hard. Many Chinese students 8 him to be a true hero. Yang was also famous around the world. He wrote many 9 papers and got special degrees from top universities. But he always said, “My heart is in China.” His 10 for his country was clear to all. His spirit will always live in the hearts of Chinese people. 1．A．ran away B．put away C．fell away D．passed away 2．A．information B．development C．communication D．punishment 3．A．missed B．lost C．won D．realized 4．A．patient B．deep C．silent D．honest 5．A．hardly B．nearly C．quickly D．really 6．A．speeches B．presents C．examples D．shows 7．A．allowed B．ordered C．started D．warned 8．A．wish B．ask C．consider D．tell 9．A．wrong B．interesting C．simple D．important 10．A．worry B．regret C．love D．luck 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹。 1．句意：遗憾的是，他于2025年10月18日在北京去世，享年103岁。 ran away逃跑；put away放好；fell away脱落；passed away去世。根据“Sadly”以及“at the age of 103”可知，此处表达的是去世，故选D。 2．句意：他是一个重要人物，帮助中国科学取得发展。 information信息；development发展；communication交流；punishment惩罚。根据“He was an important person and helped the…of science in China”可知，此处表达的是帮助中国科学的发展，故选B。 3．句意：1957年，他与朋友李政道因在科学上的新思想而获得诺贝尔奖，这使世界对中国科学家有了新的认识。 missed错过；lost丢失；won赢得；realized意识到。根据“the Nobel Prize”可知，此处指的是赢得诺贝尔奖，故选C。 4．句意：杨振宁的特别之处在于他对中国的深厚感情。 patient耐心的；deep深的；silent沉默的；honest诚实的。根据“love for China”可知，此处指的是对中国的爱很深，故选B。 5．句意：他真的很想帮助他的祖国。 hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；quickly快速地；really真正地。根据“wanted to help his home country”以及“Yang did many things for China.”可知，此处指的是真的想帮助祖国，故选D。 6．句意：他经常回到大学演讲，告诉年轻学生：“中国需要优秀的科学家。” speeches演讲；presents礼物；examples例子；shows展示。根据“at universities and told young students...”可知，此处指的是在大学演讲，故选A。 7．句意：他还设立了一个亚洲年轻科学家奖，鼓励他们努力工作。 allowed允许；ordered命令；started开始，设立；warned警告。根据“a prize for young scientists in Asia to encourage them to work hard.”可知，此处指的是设立奖项，故选C。 8．句意：许多中国学生认为他是一个真正的英雄。 wish希望；ask问；consider认为；tell告诉。根据“him to be a true hero.”可知，此处指的是认为他是英雄，故选C。 9．句意：他写了许多重要的论文，并获得了顶尖大学的特殊学位。 wrong错误的；interesting有趣的；simple简单的；important重要的。根据“papers and got special degrees from top universities.”可知，此处指的是写了许多重要的论文，故选D。 10．句意：他对国家的爱是有目共睹的。 worry担心；regret后悔；love爱；luck运气。根据“for his country was clear to all.”以及上文的“love for China”可知，此处指的是对国家的爱，故选C。 四、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。 A wise man was on his long journey with a young man. In the evening, they found 1 old house. A poor family lived in it. After the meal, the wise man asked how they made a living in such a poor place. In a low voice the husband replied, “We have a cow. We 2 her for five years. We sell her milk to our neighbours and keep some 3 our own needs — make some cheese and cream.” The next morning, the two visitors continued 4 journey. After they walked a few miles, the wise man told the young man 5 back and kill the cow. “If they still keep the cow, they will 6 be rich.” the wise man said. The young man was 7 about the future of the family. 8 finally he returned to the old house and did as the wise man told him. A few years later, the young man who travelled on the same road 9 to visit the family. To his 10 , he saw a large house with a beautiful garden there. He knocked on the door and a well-dressed man answered it. The man told him 11 his family’s life changed. “You know, we had 12 but a cow to keep us alive years ago. But one day she 13 . We had to come up with 14 ways of making a living. You see, we are 15 than before.” At his words, the young man smiled. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．kept B．was keeping C．have kept D．will keep 3．A．at B．to C．from D．for 4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 5．A．go B．to go C．going D．went 6．A．usually B．sometimes C．always D．never 7．A．worry B．worried C．worriedly D．worries 8．A．But B．And C．So D．Or 9．A．decide B．decided C．had decided D．was decided 10．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprisingly 11．A．how B．what C．whether D．if 12．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 13．A．kills B．killed C．was killed D．has killed 14．A．another B．others C．other D．the other 15．A．good B．much better C．much more better D．the best 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文讲述了一位智者与年轻人旅途中遇到贫困家庭，智者让年轻人杀掉家庭赖以生存的牛，几年后这个家庭反而变得富裕的故事，告诉我们：有时打破依赖才能找到新的出路。 1．句意：晚上，他们发现了一座老房子。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的词，an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的词；the是定冠词；/表零冠词。“old”是元音音素开头，需用an修饰，此处泛指“一座老房子”，故选B。 2．句意：我们养这头牛已经五年了。 kept饲养，一般过去时；was keeping过去进行时；have kept现在完成时；will keep一般将来时。根据“for five years”（持续的时间段），需用现在完成时，故选C。 3．句意：我们把它的牛奶卖给邻居，留一些来满足我们自己的需求。 at在；to到；from从；for为了。“for one’s own needs”是固定搭配，意为“满足某人自己的需求”，故选D。 4．句意：第二天早上，两位访客继续他们的旅程。 they他，主格；them他，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。此处修饰名词“journey”，需用形容词性物主代词，故选C。   5．句意：智者告诉年轻人回去杀掉那头牛。 go去，动词原形；to go动词不定式；going动名词；went过去式。“tell sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“告诉某人做某事”，故需要用动词不定式，故选B。 6．句意：如果他们还留着这头牛，他们永远不会变富。 usually通常；sometimes有时；always总是；never从不。结合后文家庭杀牛后变富的情节，此处表示“永远不会”，故选D。 7．句意：年轻人很担心这个家庭的未来。 worry担忧，动词/名词；worried担忧的，形容词（修饰人）；worriedly担忧地，副词；worries担忧，动词第三人称单数。“be worried about”是固定搭配，意为“担心……”，故选B。 8．句意：但最终他还是回到老房子，按智者的话做了。 But但是（表转折）；And和（表并列）；So所以（表因果）；Or或者（表选择）。前文“担心家庭”与后文“按智者的话做”是转折关系，故选A。 9．句意：几年后，走同一条路的年轻人决定拜访这个家庭。 decide决定，一般现在时；decided一般过去时；had decided过去完成时；was decided被动语态。根据“A few years later, the young man who travelled on the same road…”可知此处描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，故选B。 10．句意：令他惊讶的是，他看到那里有一座带漂亮花园的大房子。 surprise惊讶，名词；surprised形容词（修饰人）；surprising形容词（修饰物）；surprisingly副词。“to one’s surprise”是固定搭配，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，故选A。 11．句意：这个人告诉他自己家的生活是如何改变的。 how如何（表方式）；what什么；whether是否；if是否。此处表示“生活改变的方式”，故选A。 12．句意：你知道，几年前我们除了一头牛一无所有，只能靠它生存。 something某事；anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有什么。“have nothing but...”是固定搭配，意为“除了……一无所有”，故选D。 13．句意：但有一天它被杀死了。 kills杀死，一般现在时；killed一般过去时；was killed一般过去时的被动语态；has killed现在完成时。“it”指代牛，与“kill”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。 14．句意：我们不得不想出其他谋生的办法。 another（三者及以上的）另一个；others其他的（人/物，后不接名词）；other其他的（后接名词复数）；the other（两者中的）另一个。此处修饰复数名词“ways”，表示“其他的”，故选C。 15．句意：你看，我们比以前好多了。 good原级；much better好多了（比较级，much修饰比较级）；much more better错误表达（better本身是比较级，无需加more）；the best最高级。根据“than”可知需用比较级，故选B。 五、短文填空 A（语法填空） （2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) 1 (become) one of the most important technologies in the world. AI is now 2 (use) in many areas, such as healthcare, education, and transportation. Scientists 3 (work) hard to develop even more advanced AI systems to help improve people’s lives. One of the biggest advantages of AI is that it makes many tasks 4 (easy) and more efficient. For example, AI-powered robots 5 (use) in hospitals already to assist doctors in surgery. In addition, the AI system 6 (analyze) large amounts of data much faster than humans can, allowing businesses 7 (make) better decisions. However, there are also some challenges. Some people worry that AI 8 (replace) human workers in the future, leading to economic problems. Others believe that AI should 9 (control) carefully to make sure it is used responsibly. In conclusion, AI is 10 (certain) changing the world, and its influence will continue to grow in the coming years. It is up to society to ensure that AI is used for positive purposes. 【答案】 1．has become 2．used 3．have been working 4．easier 5．have been used 6．analyzes 7．to make 8．will replace 9．be controlled 10．certainly 【导语】本文介绍了人工智能已成为全球最重要的技术之一，如今应用于多个领域，科学家们持续研发更先进的人工智能系统；同时阐述了人工智能的优势与面临的挑战，最后指出AI正在改变世界，其影响会持续扩大。 1．句意：近年来，人工智能已成为世界上最重要的技术之一。根据“In recent years, artificial intelligence…one of the most important technologies in the world.”可知，In recent years是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词，主语artificial intelligence为第三人称单数，become的过去分词还是become。故填has become。 2．句意：人工智能现在被应用于许多领域，如医疗、教育和交通。据“AI is now…in many areas”可知，主语AI与use是被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，use的过去分词是used。故填used。 3．句意：科学家们一直在努力研发更先进的人工智能系统，以帮助改善人们的生活。根据“Scientists…hard to develop even more advanced AI systems…”可知，此处表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作，且仍在进行，用现在完成进行时，其结构为have/has been+现在分词，主语Scientists为复数，work的现在分词是working。故填have been working。 4．句意：人工智能最大的优势之一是它使许多任务更简单、更高效。根据“it makes many tasks…and more efficient”可知，此处用形容词比较级与more efficient并列，easy的比较级是easier。故填easier。 5．句意：例如，人工智能驱动的机器人已经在医院被用于协助医生做手术。根据“AI-powered robots…in hospitals already…”可知，already是现在完成时的标志词，主语robots与use是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have/has been+过去分词，主语robots是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been used。 6．句意：此外，人工智能系统分析大量数据的速度比人类快得多，这使得企业能够做出更好的决策。根据“the AI system…large amounts of data much faster than humans can”可知，主语the AI system是第三人称单数，句子用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填analyzes。 7．句意：此外，人工智能系统分析大量数据的速度比人类快得多，这使得企业能够做出更好的决策。根据“allowing businesses…better decisions”可知，此处是allow sb. to do sth.”意为“允许某人做某事”，故填to make。 8．句意：一些人担心人工智能将来会取代人类工人，从而导致经济问题。根据“Some people worry that AI…human workers in the future”可知，in the future是一般将来时的标志词，一般将来时结构为will+动词原形，故填will replace。 9．句意：另一些人认为应该谨慎控制人工智能，以确保其被负责任地使用。根据“AI should…carefully”可知，主语AI与control是被动关系，含有情态动词的被动语态结构为should+be+过去分词，control的过去分词是controlled。故填be controlled。 10．句意：总之，人工智能无疑正在改变世界，其影响在未来几年将持续扩大。根据“AI is…changing the world”可知，此处修饰动词changing，用certain的副词形式，故填certainly。 B（语篇填词） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母提示写出所缺单词。（请填写完整的单词，注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词） Pang Zhongwang is a role model for students, known for his excellent performance. He studied deeply hard, t 1 life brought him many difficulties, he always kept up with his lessons. Pang is pleased to s 2 his useful learning ways and opinions with classmates. For example, he once said it’s common to make m 3 in study. What really matters is to correct them carefully. He also believes that having a c 4 attitude (态度) will hurt our study progress. Finally, his hard work led to great success in the important college entrance (入学) e 5 , and he got into Tsinghua University. His story tells us that working hard helps us achieve excellent results. 【答案】1．though/hough 2．share/hare 3．mistakes/istakes 4．careless/areless 5．exam/xam 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述学生榜样庞众望虽生活艰难仍刻苦学习，分享学习方法，最终以优异成绩考入清华大学的故事，体现努力的价值。 1．句意：他学习非常刻苦，尽管生活给他带来很多困难，他始终跟上课程进度。前后分句是让步关系，结合首字母“t”可知，填连词though，意为“尽管”。故填though。 2．句意：庞众望乐于和同学们分享他实用的学习方法与见解。“be pleased to do”后接动词原形，结合首字母“s”和“with”可知，share...with...是固定搭配，意为“与……分享……”。故填share。 3．句意：例如，他曾说学习中犯错是常见的。根据“make”并结合首字母“m”可知，此处是“make mistakes”，意为“犯错”。故填mistakes。 4．句意：他也认为粗心的态度会阻碍学习进步。设空处修饰名词“attitude”，结合首字母“c”和“hurt our study progress”可知，填形容词careless，意为“粗心的”。故填careless。 5．句意：最终，他的努力学习让他在重要的大学入学考试中取得成功，并考入了清华大学。结合“college entrance”和首字母“e”可知，填名词exam，意为“考试”。故填exam。 C（选词填空） （2024·广东·一模）请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 correct  pass  patient  feed  difficulty  sweet  by  they  tradition  push  so  and Yuanxiao is a kind of food which is also called tangyuan in South China. It’s a 1 for Chinese to eat yuanxiao during the Lantern Festival. My grandfather is a master of making yuanxiao. According to my father, when he was young, his father 2 the whole family with the money from selling yuanxiao. But in my grandfather’s eyes, making yuanxiao is not only a way to make a living, but also an ancient art to 3 on. When I was four, he taught me how to roll (滚动) yuanxiao. My grandfather mixed sugar, nuts and flour paste (面粉糊) up. He pressed these fillings into small pieces and put 4 in the water. Then they were put in a basket with rice powder (粉). Yuanxiao rolled up and down like some dancing white balls while Grandpa’s arms were 5 and pulling the basket. Grandpa told me to use this basket 6 . The different directions can make the balls rounder. It takes 7 and efforts to go through all the steps. It was like Grandpa taught me how to deal with many 8 in life. Now maybe yuanxiao made by machine is much 9 . But I prefer yuanxiao made 10 my family. It is a symbol of reunion (团圆) and happiness. 【答案】 1．tradition 2．fed 3．pass 4．them 5．pushing 6．correctly 7．patience 8．difficulties 9．sweeter 10．by 【导语】本文主要讲述了元宵节吃元宵是中国的传统，作者的爷爷是制作元宵的高手，并且以此养家，爷爷认为制作元宵是一种需要传承的古老艺术，并教作者滚元宵。与机器制作的元宵相比，作者更喜欢自己家制作的元宵，因为它是团圆和幸福的象征。 1．句意：元宵节吃元宵是中国人的传统。根据“It’s a…for Chinese to eat yuanxiao during the Lantern Festival.”及备选词可知，此处指元宵节吃元宵是中国人的传统。a是冠词，后接名词，tradition“传统”，名词，符合语境。故填tradition。 2．句意：据我父亲说，他小的时候，他的父亲用卖元宵的钱养活全家。根据“According to my father, when he was young, his father…the whole family with the money from selling yuanxiao.”及备选词可知，此处指据我父亲说，他小的时候，他的父亲用卖元宵的钱养活全家。句子缺少谓语动词，feed“养活”，动词，根据“when he was young”可知时态为一般过去时。故填fed。 3．句意：但在我爷爷眼里，做元宵不仅仅是一种谋生的方式，更是一门要传承的古老艺术。根据“But in my grandfather’s eyes, making yuanxiao is not only a way to make a living, but also an ancient art to…on.”及备选词可知，此处指但在我爷爷眼里，做元宵不仅仅是一种谋生的方式，更是一门要传承的古老艺术。to后接动词原形，构成不定式，在此表目的，pass on“传承”，固定搭配，符合语境。故填pass。 4．句意：他把这些填充物压成小块，然后把它们放入水中。根据“He pressed these fillings into small pieces and put…in the water.”及备选词可知，此处指他把这些填充物压成小块，然后把它们放入水中。they指代fillings，作put的宾语，需用宾格them。故填them。 5．句意：当爷爷的胳膊推拉篮子时，元宵像一些跳舞的白球一样上下滚动。根据“Yuanxiao rolled up and down like some dancing white balls while Grandpa’s arms were…and pulling the basket.”及备选词可知，此处指当爷爷的胳膊推拉篮子时，元宵像一些跳舞的白球一样上下滚动。and连接并列结构，“pulling”是现在分词，“push”也需用现在分词“pushing”。故填pushing。 6．句意：爷爷告诉我要正确使用这个篮子。根据“Grandpa told me to use this basket…”及备选词可知，此处指爷爷告诉我要正确使用这个篮子。空处需要副词修饰动词use，correct需变为correctly。故填correctly。 7．句意：走完所有的步骤需要耐心和努力。根据“It takes…and efforts to go through all the steps.”及备选词可知，此处指走完所有的步骤需要耐心和努力。and连接并列成分，“efforts”名词，patient需变为名词patience“耐心”，作takes的宾语。故填patience。 8．句意：这就像爷爷教我如何处理生活中的许多困难。根据“It was like Grandpa taught me how to deal with many…in life.”及备选词可知，此处指这就像爷爷教我如何处理生活中的许多困难。many后接复数名词，difficulty需变为difficulties“困难”，符合语境。故填difficulties。 9．句意：现在可能机器做的元宵更甜。根据“Now maybe yuanxiao made by machine is much…”及备选词可知，此处指机器做的元宵可能更甜。much修饰比较级，sweet需变为“sweeter”。故填sweeter。 10．句意：但是我更喜欢我家人做的元宵。根据“But I prefer yuanxiao made…my family.”及备选词可知，此处指但是我更喜欢我家人做的元宵。“made by sb”表示“由某人制作”。故填by。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $