专题10 宾语从句&定语从句（复习讲义）（天津专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题10 宾语从句&定语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 5 ★考点一 宾语从句的连接词 3 1. 宾语从句的句法功能 4 2. 宾语从句的连接词 4 ★考点二 宾语从句的语序 6 ★考点三 宾语从句的时态 8 考点四 定语从句的关系代词 11 考点五 定语从句的关系副词 13 考点六 定语从句that/which区别 14 04 优题精选·练能提分............................................................................................................................................17 考点 课标要求 复习目标 宾语从句的连接词 · 正确运用宾语从句引导词：连接词that、if、whether；连接代词：what、who、which、whose和whom； 连接副词：when、where、how、why等。 1.熟练掌握宾语从句的连接词、时态和语序； 2.系统复习定语从句关系代词、关系副词的用法。 宾语从句的语序‌ · 掌握宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序， 即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 宾语从句的时态‌ · 掌握宾语从句的时态‌ 定语从句的关系词 · 关系代词：that和which的用法辨析；who, whom, whose的用法辨析 · ‌关系副词：when, where, why的用法 · 介词+which/whom引导的定语从句常见用法 命题预测 主要考查的是宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词；定语从句关系代词、关系副词的用法。 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空等。 解题锦囊 锦囊1：确定从句类型 要仔细分析句子成分，注意三大从句的区别。先根据主句的主谓结构确定在主句中充当宾语。如果对空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用，要考虑定语从句关系词。 锦囊2：确定宾语从句的连接词 (1)从句中缺主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、which、whatever等。 (2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。 (3)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。 (4)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。 锦囊3：寻找定语从句的先行词 判断属性（指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因）。 (1)先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose； (2) 先行词指物：that/which/whose； (3)表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。 锦囊3：宾语从句排除法 (1)根据宾语从句用陈述句语序， 排除疑问句语序的选项。 (2)根据语境确定宾语从句引导词，排除错误的选项。 (3)根据时间标志词或语境确定时态。 考点一 宾语从句的连接词 定义：在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。 宾语从句的作用与简单句中宾语的作用基本一致，用于表示动作、行为的对象。 宾语从句一般由“引导词(不作主语) +主语+谓语(+其他)”构成。 引导宾语从句的连接词有that、if/whether、what、who、where、why 和 how等。 1. 宾语从句的句法功能 用法 例句 作及物动词的宾语  He wanted to know when we would have a birthday party.. 他想知道我们什么时候举办生日聚会。 作介词的宾语，常用whether、 which、whom等引导宾语从句 I am not sure whether he will come. 我不确定他是否会来。 作系表结构的宾语  I'm so glad I tried the new ride.我很高兴我尝试了新的骑乘项目。 I am sure that he will succeed soon.我确信他很快就会成功。 2. 宾语从句的连接词 引导词 用法 例句 that 无实际意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或者非正式文体中常被省略 He said（that）he could finish his work before supper. 他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。 whether/if 二者都意为“是否”,在从句中不充当成分，但不可省略，通常情况下两者可互换 I wonder whether/if you can help me. 不知道您是否能帮我的忙。 连接代词（who、whom、whose、what、which、whatever等） 连接代词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等， 不可省略 She wondered who had sent the flowers.（作主语） 她想知道是谁送的花。 Jim wonders what he should do next.（作宾语） 吉姆想知道他接下来应该做什么。 连接副词（when、where、why、how） 连接副词在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略 He didn't tell me when we would meet again. 他没告诉我什么时候我们会再相见。 I wondered where he bought the book. 我想知道他在哪里买的那本书。 【易错提醒】 只用whether不用if的情况： ①引导介词后的宾语从句时。如I’m interested in whether he joins the army.我对他是否入伍感兴趣。 ②与or not直接连用时。如We're not sure whether or not there will be rain tomorrow.我们不确定明天是否有雨。③与动词不定式连用时。如I can't decide whether to go with you.我无法决定是否和你一起去。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我毕业后父母会给我一个红包！——我想知道你是否会把它交给你的父母。 考查宾语从句。how much money have you got，语法错误，在宾语从句中，应使用陈述句语序；what you bought with the money，时态错误，根据“My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation!”可知，钱尚未收到，因此不能用过去时；that you will deal with the money，引导词错误，此处应表示“想知道如何处理钱”，应用how引导；C项符合，此处表示好奇对方是否会把红包给父母。故选C。 2．（2025·天津·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________? —Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. A．what are you reading B．why do you like reading C．what you are reading D．why you like reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你在读什么吗？——《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me”可知，空格处为宾语从句，从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），故排除选项A和B；根据“Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland.”可知，此处应是询问读的内容，即读的什么，故应用what引导宾语从句。故选C。 3．（2025·云南·中考真题）—Tom, could you please tell me ________? —Last month. A．when did you join the basketball club B．when you joined the basketball club C．why did you join the basketball club D．why you joined the basketball club 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你能告诉我你什么时候加入篮球俱乐部的吗？——上个月。 考查宾语从句及其语序。由“Last month”可知，此处应用when引导宾语从句，排除C和D；宾语从句从句需用陈述语序。故选B。 4．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________ after junior high school? —Miss Wu. She was always patient with me in English class. A．who you will miss the most B．what your favourite teacher is like C．what you think of your English teacher 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我初中毕业后你最想念谁吗？——吴老师。她在英语课上总是对我很有耐心。 考查宾语从句。根据“Miss Wu”可知此处询问人，用who引导宾语从句。故选A。 考点二 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： He asked me what I did yesterday afternoon.他问我昨天下午做什么了。 Do you know why winter is colder than summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗? I want to know whether you can come or not.我想知道你是否能来。 情况 例句  在宾语从句中，从句须使用陈述语序， 即按照“主语+谓语+其他”的顺序 Some people wonder if Susan will even go to work. 有些人怀疑苏珊是否还会去上班。 在宾语从句中， 疑问代词 what、which等 作从句的主语时，该特殊疑问句是陈述语序 The doctor wonders what illness this little boy has. 医生想知道这个小男孩生了什么病。   疑问词+to do I don't know how to improve my English reading level. 我不知道如何提升我的英语阅读水平。 【易错提醒】 宾语从句的否定前移： 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，当主句的时态为一般现在时，主语为第一人称，且谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，若宾语从句表示否定，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，而从句仍用肯定形式。 I don't think you like sports.我认为你不喜欢体育运动。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·天津和平·三模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —In five minutes. A．how soon will the meeting begin B．how soon the meeting will begin C．how long the meeting has been on D．how long has the meeting been on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我会议什么时候开始吗？——五分钟后。 考查宾语从句。根据“could you please tell me”可知，此处应用宾语从句，用陈述句语序，排除A、D选项；根据“In five minutes.”可知，从句应与时间有关。故选B。 2．（2025·天津南开·二模）—I'd like to know ________. —Maybe near the stream. A．whether we will go camping B．where we will go camping C．whether will we go camping D．where will we go camping 【答案】B 【详解】句意: ——我想知道我们会去哪里野营。 ——也许在小溪附近。 考查宾语从句。whether we will go camping我们是否去野营； where we will go camping我们将去哪里野营；whether will we go camping我们是否去野营；where will we go camping我们去哪里野营。宾语从句要用陈述语序，为疑问词+陈述句语序，排除C和D；根据“Maybe near the stream”，问句应该是问去哪里露营而非是否去露营，故选B。 3．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Do you know ________ for the subject Nature? —He took a photo of trees to show different colours on the hill. A．why Li Wei can win the prize B．why can Li Wei win the prize C．when Li Wei can win the prize D．when can Li Wei win the prize 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道李伟为什么能在自然主题 (比赛) 中获奖吗？——他拍了一张树木的照片来展示山上不同的色彩。 考查宾语从句。why Li Wei can win the prize为什么李伟能获奖；why can Li Wei win the prize语序错误，宾语从句要用陈述句语序；when Li Wei can win the prize李伟什么时候能获奖；when can Li Wei win the prize语序错误，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。根据“He took a photo of trees to show different colours on the hill.”可知，此处是在解释获奖的原因，所以设空处应用“why”引导的宾语从句。故选A。 4．（2025·天津河西·一模）—I’m planning a trip to Tianjin this summer vacation. I wonder ________. —Why not go online to get more information about it? A．where can I eat something special B．that local people are very friendly to visitors C．if July is the best time to go there D．when will the international meeting be held in Tianjin 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我计划今年暑假去天津旅行。我想知道七月是否是去那里的最佳时间。——为什么不去网上获取更多相关信息呢？ 考查宾语从句。where can I eat something special我在哪里可以吃到特别的东西（疑问语序）；that local people are very friendly to visitors当地人对游客非常友好（陈述语序）；if July is the best time to go there七月是否是去那里的最佳时间（陈述语序）；when will the international meeting be held in Tianjin国际会议什么时候在天津举行（疑问语序）。根据“I wonder...”可知，此处是宾语从句，宾语从句应用陈述语序，所以排除选项A和D；wonder后通常不接that引导的宾语从句，所以排除选项B。故选C。 考点三 宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 情况 例句 若主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）, 从句的时态根据实际情况而定 I hear he will be back in a few days.我听说几天之后他就要回来了。 I know she lives here. 我知道她住在这里。 I know she lived here five years ago. 我知道她五年前住在这里。 若主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时）, 从句也要用过去的某种时态 He said he was much better than before.他说他比以前好多了。 The girl said she was reading a storybook at seven yesterday. 那个女孩说昨天七点钟她正在读一本故事书。 若从句描述的是客观事实、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句时态的限制， 仍用一般现在时 They said that the earth is round. 他们说地球是圆的。 总结： 主现从不限 主过从必过 客观真理仍用现 【易错提醒】 句子“Could you please...?”中的could不是情态动词can的过去式，而是表达客气的请求。 从句可根据句意选择恰当的时态。 1．（2025·天津·模拟预测）The little girl asked her mother ________. A．that she could hold a party at home B．how long will she hold her party C．if her friends will come to her party D．how many guests would come to her party 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个小女孩问她妈妈有多少客人会来参加她的派对。 考查宾语从句的用法。that she could hold a party at home她可以在家举办派对；how long will she hold her party她会举办多久的派对；if her friends will come to her party她的朋友是否会来参加她的派对；how many guests would come to her party有多少客人会来参加她的派对。根据 “asked her mother”可知，此处是宾语从句，需满足陈述语序、主过从过的规则。结合这一要求，选项D“how many guests would come to her party”既符合陈述语序，又用would匹配了主句asked的过去时态。故选D。 2．（2025·天津东丽·模拟预测）I don’t know if Lucy ________ to see the film Ne Zha II next Sunday. If she ________, so will I. A．will go; will go B．goes; goes C．goes; will go D．will go; goes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不知道下星期天露西是否会去看电影《哪吒2》。如果她去了，我也去。 考查时态。根据“I don’t know if Lucy...to see the film Ne Zha II next Sunday.”可知，if在此引导宾语从句，根据时间状语“next Sunday”表将来可知，时态应用一般将来时，结构为will do；根据“If she..., so will I.”可知，if在此引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句的主语为she，谓语动词要用三单goes。故选D。 3．（2025·江苏南京·三模）—One of the 24 solar terms—Grain in Ear is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what does this solar term mean B．that it will fall on the fifth of June this year C．whether it was the 9th of the 24 solar terms D．if it marks crops are waiting to be harvested 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——二十四节气之一——芒种即将到来。——确实如此。但你能告诉我，这是否标志着作物已经成熟，正在等待收割吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A；对话中“could you tell me”需要表达疑问，而that引导的从句表示陈述，需排除B；节气顺序是固定事实，需用一般现在时“is”，而非过去时“was”，需排除选项C。故选D。 4．（2025·云南大理·二模）The teacher asked the students ________. A．why the earth went around the sun B．why does the earth go around the sun C．why did the earth go around the sun D．why the earth goes around the sun 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师问学生们为什么地球绕着太阳转。 考查宾语从句。根据“The teacher asked the students”可知，老师问的内容做ask的宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，“地球绕着太阳转”属于客观真理，用一般现在时。故选D。 考点四 定语从句的关系代词 定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词等的从句叫定语从句，又称关系从句。 其作用相当于形容词，通常置于所修饰词（即先行词）的后面，由关系词引导。 定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰、限定作用，没有它，先行词所指代的人或物就会模糊不清； 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充、说明作用，没有它，先行词所指的人或物仍然明确清楚，与先行词之间常有逗号隔开。 My uncle is a man who loves travelling.（限制性定语从句）我叔叔是个爱好旅行的人。 My uncle,who loves travelling,has been to 20 countries.（非限制性定语从句） 我那爱好旅行的叔叔已经去过20个国家了。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。根据其在定语从句中的作用，又可分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词或关系副词，不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且在从句中充当一定的成分。 关系代词在从句中作主语、宾 语、表语、定语等。 关系副词在从句中作状语。定语从句构成形式为“先行词+关系词+从句 ”。 关系代词 关系代词 The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. Tina is a girl who always helps others. 先行词 定语从句 先行词 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 that 人或物 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 (作宾语时that可省略) I have some photos that I took in Australia last year. 我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片。(that作宾语) I prefer movies that give me something to think about. 我更喜欢让我思考的电影。(that作主语) which 物  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) The train which has just left is for Beijing. 刚开走的火车是驶往北京的。(which作主语) This is the book which he gave me. 这就是他给我的那本书。(which作宾语) who 人  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) He's the boy who won the English competition last year! 他是去年赢得英语比赛的男孩!(who在作主语) whom 人 在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years. 与那些在过去三年间共度许多时光的人分离总是很难的。 whose 人或物  在从句中作定语 It's the school whose door is painted brown. 这就是那个门被漆成棕色的学校。(whose =the th school's) 【易错提醒】 在定语从句中，关系词指代先行词，因此不能再重复使用先行词。 This is the book that you are looking for it.（×）（应去掉it） This is the book that you are looking for.（√）这是你正在找的书。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ___ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：和那些过去三年与我们共度时光的老师们告别很难。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。which先行词指物；who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词teachers，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故选B。 2．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Zhang Hong, a Chinese man, is the first Asian blind climber has reached the top of Qomolangma. A．when B．whose C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：张宏，一个中国人，是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰顶的亚洲盲人登山者。 考查定语从句的关系代词。when当……时；whose谁的；which哪一个（用于物）；who谁（用于人）。该句是定语从句，先行词为climber，意为“登山者”，指人，且从句中缺少主语，需用表示人的关系代词who引导。故选D。 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—What do you think of Lijiang? —The most wonderful place ________ I’ve been in the past few years. A．what B．that C．to which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得丽江怎么样？  ——它是在过去几年里我去过的最美妙的地方。 考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词“place”指地点，此处用“to which”在从句中作地点状语。故选C。 考点五 定语从句的关系副词 关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 when 时间 在从句中作时间状语，可与 on/in/at/...+which互换 I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane. 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语， 可与at /in...+which 互换 Tom wants to go to a place where he can calm down. 汤姆想去一个能让他平静的地方。 why 表示原因的名词 原因状语可与for which互换 Is this the reason why she refused our offer of help? 这就是她拒绝我们的帮助的理由吗? 【易错提醒】 定语从句的主谓一致： 1. 定语从句有自己的主语（即关系词不充当定语从句的主语）时，其谓语动词的单复数形式与从句主语的单复数保持一致 I like the book that the boy is reading.我喜欢那个男孩正在读的书。 I like the book that the boys are reading.我喜欢那些男孩正在读的书。 2. 如果定语从句的主语是关系词，其谓语动词的单复数形式与前面的先行词保持一致。 Do you know the girl who is over there?你认识那边那个女孩吗? Do you know the girls who are over there?你认识那边那些女孩吗? 1．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）Do you know the year ________ the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A．which B．that C．when D．on which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道中国共产党成立的那一年吗？ 考查定语从句。which哪一个；that那个；when在……时候；on which在这；分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词year在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选C。 2．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）Michael will never forget the village ________ he was born. A．that B．which C．what D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：迈克尔永远不会忘记他出生的那个村庄。 考查where引导限制性定语从句。这是一个定语从句，先行词是“the village”表示地点，应该用关系副词“where”，在定语从句中作地点状语。故选D。 3．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山）I walked in our garden, _________ a big sign ________ in one of the trees. A．which; was hung B．which; was hanged C．where; was hung D．where; was hanged 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我走在花园里，一棵树上挂着一块大牌子。 考查定语从句和被动语态。分析句子可知，本句为含非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。先行词为garden，第一空在从句中作状语成分，所以应使用关系副词where；从句中主语big sign与谓语hang为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用被动语态“be+done”，hang的过去分词为hung，所以第二空填was hung。故选C。 考点六 定语从句that/which区别 1、 先行词指物时，只能用that而不用which的情况 情况 示例 先行词是all,little,much, nothing,few, something,every- thing等不定代词时 It is something that you use to paint pictures. 它是你用来画画的一些东西。 先行词被the same,the only, the very,all, the last,the one(s),no等修饰 I want to read all the books that were written by Shakespeare. 我想读莎士比亚写的所有书。 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。 主句是以疑问词which或who 开头的特殊疑问句 Which is the bike that you have lost? 你丢失的自行车是哪辆?  先行词既有人又有物 We talked about persons and things that we remembered in middle school. 我们谈论了我们在中学时记得的人和事情。 主句以here或there开头， 且先行词指物时 Here is the pen that Mary have been looking for. 这是玛丽一直在找的那支笔。 2、 先行词指物时，关系词用which不宜用that的情况 情况 例句  先行词本身是that What's that which is on the desk?桌子上的东西是什么?  关系代词前面有介词且指物时 This is the room in which James once lived. 这是James曾经住过的房间。  引导非限制性定语从句 Crusoe's dog,which was very old now,became ill and died. Crusoe的狗现在很老了，生病死了。 1．（2025·江苏南京·三模）The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork ________ shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty. A．which B．who C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《清明上河图》是一幅令人惊叹的艺术作品，它展示了北宋时期汴京繁华街道的热闹景象。 考查定语从句引导词。which指物，作主语或宾语；who指人，作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；when指时间，作状语。根据“The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork…shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty.”可知，先行词artwork为物，且从句缺少主语，应用which引导。故选A。 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我祖父告诉我的关于钱学森的故事很感人。 考查定语从句关系代词。who指代人，在句中作主语；whom指代人，在句中作宾语；whose表示所属关系，在句中作定语；which指代事物，在句中作主语或宾语。根据“The story... mygrand father told me about Qian Xuesen...”可知，先行词是“story”故事，指代事物，且从句中缺少宾语，故选D。 3．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）Chengdu is a city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airport. A．where B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于成都天府国际机场的开放，成都是中国一个有两个机场的城市。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a city，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 4．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：运动员穿的高科技服装帮助他们在第九届亚冬会上表现更好。 考查定语从句的引导词。that无实义，引导定语从句，先行词指物或人；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人；what什么，引导宾语从句。根据“The high-technology clothes…the players wore”可知原句是定语从句，且先行词是物，应用that引导。故选A。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·湖北武汉·二模）—Mike, why is the ancient saying “A single piece of wood can’t make a fire” meaningful? —Because it teaches us ________. A．how can we find dry wood B．that teamwork achieves greater things C．why we should protect forests D．when do people need warmth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——迈克，为什么这句古话“一根木头难烧火”有意义呢？——因为它教会我们团队合作可以成就更伟大的事业。 考查宾语从句。空处为宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除A、D；“A single piece of wood can’t make a fire”的含义是“一根木头难烧火”，喻为单打独斗难以成事，而团队协作能实现更大目标，B项“团队合作可以成就更伟大的事业”符合。故选B。 2．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Do you know if we ________ a school leavers’ party? —I think if we ________ too many tasks next term, we will. A．will have; have B．will have; don’t have C．don’t have; won’t have D．will have; won’t have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道我们会不会举办毕业派对吗？——我觉得如果下学期我们没有太多任务的话，我们会举办的。 考查动词时态。根据“—Do you know if we...a school leavers’ party?  —I think if we...too many tasks next term, we will.”可知，第一空所在句是if引导的宾语从句，询问未来是否举办派对，需用一般将来时will have；第二空所在句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，结合“we will”可知从句表否定含义，需用don’t have。故选B。 3．（2025·天津·一模）My students want to know ________. A．what does our new school look like B．what our new school looks like C．what did our new school look like D．what our new school looked like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的学生想知道我们的新学校是什么样子的。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A/C选项，此处陈述的是一般情况，从句用一般现在时，故选B。 4．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________? —The show was held during the Spring Festival. It’s called the Spring of the Canal (运河之春). A．why will the lantern show be held B．when was the lantern show held C．why the lantern show will be held D．when the lantern show was held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我灯展是什么时候举行的吗？——这个灯会在春节期间举行。它被称作运河之春。 考查宾语从句的用法。根据答句中“The show was held during the Spring Festival.”可知，该句的时态为一般过去时且应询问时间；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。故选D。 5．（2025·天津·二模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —Walk along this road and you’ll see it on the right. A．how can I go to Tianjin Library B．when does Tianjin Library open C．where Tianjin Library is D．whether Tianjin Library is open 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我天津图书馆在哪里吗？——沿着这条路走，你会在右边看到它。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，故排除A和B选项；根据“Walk along this road and you’ll see it on the right.”可知，答语是在指路，所以问句是询问地点。故选C。 6．（2025·天津河北·二模）—Would you please tell me ________ ? —Sure. I usually give some books to a village library. A．when World Book Day is B．when is World Book Day C．how you celebrate World Book Day D．how do you celebrate World Book Day 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你们是如何庆祝世界图书日的吗？——当然。我通常送一些书给村里的图书馆。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BD；根据“I usually give some books to a village library.”以及选项可知，此处询问方式，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。 7．（2025·天津河东·二模）Teenagers don’t always understand ______ their parents have so many rules. A．what B．why C．which D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：青少年并不总是明白为什么他们的父母有这么多的规则。 考查特殊疑问句。what 什么；why为什么；which 哪一个；where在哪里。根据“don’t always understand... their parents have so many rules”可知，此处指“不明白为什么他们的父母有这么多的规则”。故选B。 8．（23-24九年级上·天津·期中）I don’t know if Kevin ______ to our house tomorrow. I think if he _____ free, he will come. A．comes; will come B．will come; is C．comes; is D．will come; will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道Kevin明天是否会来我们家。我认为如果他有空，他会来的。 考查动词时态。第一个空，根据“I don’t know if Kevin...to our house tomorrow.”可知，此处“if”意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，从句中“tomorrow”是将来的时间，故应用一般将来时态，排除A和C；第二个空，根据“I think if he...free, he will come.”可知，此处“if”意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句中用一般现在时。故选B。 9．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）The host wanted to know ________. A．when will the guests come B．when the guests will come C．when would the guests come D．when the guests would come 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位主人想知道客人们什么时候来。 考查宾语从句。作为宾语从句，用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，排除AC两项；根据主句谓语“wanted”可知，宾语从句的谓语用过去将来时，故选D。 10．（2025·安徽黄山·二模）—Could you tell me when ________? —At 10:25, in ten minutes. A．the bus has left B．the bus had left C．the bus would leave D．the bus will leave 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我公交车什么时候离开吗？——10点25分，10分钟后。 考查宾语从句的时态。宾语从句需用陈述语序，选项均为陈述语序；根据答语“in ten minutes”（10分钟后）可知，动作尚未发生，需用一般将来时，D项“the bus will leave”表示将来，符合语境。故选D。 11．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Xiaolu is invited to his British friend Jack’s home for dinner. He knows little about the customs, so he asks DeepSeek ________. A．whether must he arrive exactly on time B．what subjects were avoided during dinner C．that bringing flowers would be a good idea D．how long he can stay before saying goodbye 【答案】D 【详解】句意：小陆受邀去英国朋友杰克家吃晚餐。他对相关习俗知之甚少，于是询问DeepSeek自己在道别前可以停留多久。 考查宾语从句。whether must he arrive exactly on time他是否必须准时到达（疑问语序）；what subjects were avoided during dinner晚餐期间避免谈论哪些话题（一般过去时）；that bringing flowers would be a good idea带花去会是个好主意；how long he can stay before saying goodbye他在道别前可以待多久。根据“He knows little about the customs, so he asks DeepSeek...”可知，空处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，因此排除选项A；ask sb. sth.“询问某人某事”，此处的宾语从句应是表疑问意义，排除选项C；结合语境可知，小陆还未去到杰克家吃晚餐，事情还未发生，不可用一般过去时，排除选项B。故选D。 12．（2025·云南·模拟预测）Can you tell me ________? I want to see the performance. A．when will the Dian Opera start B．when the Dian Opera will start C．when the Dian Opera starts D．when does the Dian Opera start 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我滇剧什么时候开始吗？我想去看演出。 考查宾语从句。根据“Can you tell me …?”可知，句子为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A和D；根据下文“I want to see the performance.”可知，想看滇剧演出，而滇剧的演出时间通常是固定安排的，所以用一般现在时表示将来，排除B。故选C。 13．（2025·广东汕头·二模）Before going shopping, Mrs. Depp listed ______ for the next week on a piece of paper. A．what she would need B．what would she need C．what she will need D．what will she need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：去购物之前，德普太太在一张纸上列出了她下周需要的东西。 考查宾语从句。根据“Mrs. Depp listed”可知，此处应用宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B和D选项；主句时态为一般过去时，从句应用一般过去时，排除C选项。故选A。 14．（2025·吉林长春·二模）When visiting the Palace Museum, I wondered ______. A．what is life like here in the past B．what life is like here in the past C．what was life like here in the past D．what life was like here in the past 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当参观故宫博物院时，我好奇过去这里的生活是什么样的。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句采用陈述语序，排除A与C；in the past“在过去”，从句要用过去时，故选D。 15．（2025·江苏南通·二模）—One of the 24 solar terms——Grain in Ear is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what is the meaning of this solar term B．that it will fall on the fifth of June this year C．whether it was the 9th of the 24 solar terms D．if it marks crops get mature and are waiting to be harvested 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——二十四节气之一——芒种即将到来。——确实如此。但你能告诉我，这是否标志着作物已经成熟，正在等待收割吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除A；对话中“could you tell me”需要表达疑问，而that引导的从句表示陈述，需排除B；节气顺序是固定事实，需用一般现在时“is”，而非过去时“was”，需排除选项C。故选D。 16．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）We learned that light ________ faster than sound in physics class. A．travel B．travelled C．travelling D．travels 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在物理课上，我们了解到光的传播速度比声音快。 考查宾语从句的时态。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，从句“light ... faster than sound”表达的是真理，不受主句时态影响，故用一般现在时；且主语light是三单，动词用三单形式。故选D。 17．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）—DeepSeek has impressed the whole world with its powerful models. —I haven’t used it. I wonder ______. A．what languages could DeepSeek understand B．how can DeepSeek be used in English learning C．how long it takes DeepSeek to answer a question D．that DeepSeek has more advantages over ChatGPT 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——DeepSeek用其强大的模型给全世界留下了深刻印象。——我还没用过它。我想知道DeepSeek回答一个问题需要多长时间。 考查宾语从句。what languages could DeepSeek understand疑问语序，DeepSeek能理解哪些语言；how can DeepSeek be used in English learning疑问语序，DeepSeek如何能用于英语学习；how long it takes DeepSeek to answer a question陈述语序，DeepSeek回答一个问题需要多久；that DeepSeek has more advantages over ChatGPT陈述语序，DeepSeek比ChatGPT更有优势。根据“I wonder...”可知，后需接疑问类从句，排除D，且宾语从句需用陈述语序。故选C。 18．（2025·全国·模拟预测）—Why don’t we go to see Tea House at Poly Theatre tonight? —Good idea. Let me check ________. A．when will the play start B．where is the Poly Theatre C．how much does a ticket cost D．whether there are tickets or not 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今晚我们为什么不去保利剧院看《茶馆》呢？——好主意。让我查一下是否还有票。 考查宾语从句。when will the play start剧什么时候开始，疑问语序；where is the Poly Theatre保利剧院在哪里，疑问语序；how much does a ticket cost一张票多少钱，疑问语序；whether there are tickets or not是否还有票，陈述语序。根据“Let me check...”可知，此处是宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序。故选D。 19．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Tom, do you know ________ the art festival? I can’t wait to get started. A．where will we hold B．how we will hold C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗？我迫不及待想开始了。 考查宾语从句。where will we hold我们在哪里举办，疑问语序；how we will hold我们如何举办，陈述语序；when will we hold我们什么时候举办，疑问语序；when we will hold我们什么时候举办，陈述语序。根据“do you know...the art festival?”可知，空格处是宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，且根据“I can’t wait to get started.”可知，此处暗示说话者关心艺术节的举办时间，以便开始准备。故选D。 20．（2025·西藏·一模）Do you know ________ in Germany? I’m planning a trip there. A．how’s the weather like B．what the weather is like C．what does the weather like D．how the weather is like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你知道德国的天气怎么样吗？我正计划去那里旅行。 考查宾语从句的语序和询问天气。how’s the weather like语法错误；what the weather is like今天天气如何；what does the weather like语法错误；how the weather is like语法错误。结合语境可知，询问天气的常用表达有“What’s the weather like?”和“How is the weather?”；在宾语从句中，要把疑问句语序调整为陈述语序。选B。 二、用所给单词的正确形式或首字母填空。 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Pardon? What did you say just now? —Oh, I said that we (have) a picnic next Sunday. 【答案】would have 【详解】句意：——抱歉？你刚才说什么？——哦，我说我们下周日要去野餐。此句是宾语从句，主句是一般过去时。根据从句的时间状语“next Sunday”可知，从句应用过去将来时：would do。故填would have。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Andy said he (give) me two days off if I could complete this project successfully. 【答案】would give 【详解】句意：安迪说如果我能成功完成这个项目，他会给我两天假。根据句子结构可知，“Andy said...”后接宾语从句。主句时态是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态；根据“…if I could complete this project successfully”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，空处使用过去将来时，其结构是“would+动词原形”。“give”是动词原形，所以此处应填“would give”。故填would give。 3．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）You’re going to take part in the basketball match. I hope you (win) the match. 【答案】will win 【详解】句意：你将去参加篮球赛。我希望你将会获胜。题干为宾语从句，win是动词，意思是“获胜，赢”。主句是一般现在时态，从句时态不受限制，根据“You’re going to take part in the basketball match.”可知，宾语从句的时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，故填will win。 4．（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）I hardly what you said. Can you say it again? (hear) 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：我几乎没听清你在说什么。你能再说一遍吗？根据“said”可知，此处应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填heard。 5．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The little boy is so worried in the exam because he doesn’t know when (hand) in the paper. 【答案】to hand 【详解】句意：这个小男孩在考试中非常担心，因为他不知道什么时候交卷子。“特殊疑问词+to do”是宾语从句的简化，hand in意为“上交”。故填to hand。 6．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 【答案】travels 【详解】句意：老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳转。空格是宾语从句的谓语动词，从句陈述的是科学事实，所以时态只能用一般现在时，主语是“the earth”，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填travels。 7．（2025·上海·模拟预测）Not everyone enjoys fast food. Jack is the one who hamburgers. (like) 【答案】dislikes 【详解】句意：不是所有人都喜欢快餐。杰克就是那个不喜欢汉堡的人。根据“Not everyone enjoys fast food.”可知，杰克是不喜欢汉堡的人，who指代the one，且句子时态是一般现在时，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数dislikes“不喜欢”。故填dislikes。 8．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The company expected that ChatGPT (change) the way people work and live. 【答案】would change 【详解】句意：公司期望ChatGPT将改变人们工作和生活的方式。change“改变”，动词原形；根据“expected that”可知，从句应用过去的某种时态，“期望”说明事情尚未发生，所以从句应用过去将来时，其结构为would+动词原形。故填would change。 9．（2024·黑龙江·三模）The teacher told us that the gravity (引力) on the moon (be) only about one sixth of that on the earth. 【答案】is 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们，月球上的引力只有地球上的六分之一左右。分析句子结构可知，第一个that引导的是宾语从句，从句内容是陈述一个事实，所以时态应为一般现在时；从句主语是“the gravity (引力) on the moon”，第三人称单数，所以be动词应用is，故填is。 10．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）—Can you tell me where our club (hold) the English competition next week? —Yes, in the language center. 【答案】will hold 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我下周我们的俱乐部将在哪里举行英语竞赛？——好的，在语言中心。根据“next week”可知，此处用一般将来时。故填will hold。 3、 完形填空 （2025·天津·模拟预测） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Rian is a young man from Brazil, but now he lives in Tianjin. He is deeply attracted (吸引) by Hanfu, and 1 of wearing the traditional Han Chinese clothing. Rian teaches English in a middle school in Tianjin. In the city, people are often seen in the streets 2 Hanfu, especially during festivals. Over time, he developed a 3 interest in the outfit (装束) and wanted to try it on himself. “My first taste of Hanfu was the Tang style,” said the young man. “Today, it is 4 my favourite Hanfu style.” When he puts it on, he feels as if he has travelled back to 5 times. Rian’s interest in Hanfu has also helped him to learn more about China. In the past, he knew China has a long 6 and a profound (深厚的) culture. Except that, he didn’t know anything. However, Hanfu has 7 him a lot more details (细节) about Chinese culture. Rian 8 to stay in Tianjin for at least another five years. He’ll continue to work as an English teacher while making short 9 about Hanfu. He hopes more people will learn about Hanfu and China 10 his videos. “I want to share Chinese culture with the world.” said the Brazilian. 1．A．proud B．full C．patient D．afraid 2．A．collecting B．finding C．wearing D．discussing 3．A．correct B．weak C．strong D．poor 4．A．even B．just C．still D．never 5．A．modern B．ancient C．hard D．easy 6．A．result B．history C．report D．record 7．A．taken B．made C．shown D．thrown 8．A．forgets B．affords C．refuses D．plans 9．A．songs B．videos C．articles D．trips 10．A．across B．against C．through D．over 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了来自巴西的Rian现在在天津当英语老师，他被汉服深深吸引，对汉服兴趣浓厚并亲身尝试。 1．句意：Rian是一名来自巴西的年轻人，但现在他住在天津。他被汉服深深吸引，自豪的穿传统中国汉服。 proud自豪的；full满的；patient耐心的；afraid害怕的。根据“He is deeply attracted (吸引) by Hanfu,”可知，这里表示被汉服吸引并且自豪的穿着。故选A。 2．句意：在这座城市，人们经常在街上穿汉服，尤其是在节日期间。 collecting收集；finding发现；wearing穿着；discussing讨论。根据“Hanfu, especially during festivals.”可知，这里表示在节日期间会穿汉服。故选C。 3．句意：随着时间的推移，他对这种装束产生了浓厚的兴趣，并且想自己试穿一下。 correct正确的；weak虚弱的；strong强烈的；poor贫穷的。根据“interest in the outfit (装束) and wanted to try it on himself.”可知，这里表示对汉服产生了强烈的兴趣。故选C。 4．句意：如今，它仍然是我最喜欢的汉服风格。 even甚至；just仅仅；still仍然；never从不。根据“my favourite Hanfu style.”及前文可知，这里表示过了很久仍然是他最喜欢的风格。故选C。 5．句意：当他穿上它时，他感觉自己仿佛回到了古代。 modern现代的；ancient古代的；hard困难的；easy容易的。根据“When he puts it on, he feels as if he has travelled back to”可知，汉服是中国古代装束，即这里表示穿回古代。故选B。 6．句意：过去，他知道中国有着悠久的历史和深厚的文化。 result结果；history历史；report报告；record记录。根据“In the past, he knew China has a long”可知，这里表示中国有着悠久的历史。故选B。 7．句意：然而，Rian对汉服的兴趣也帮助他更多地了解中国。汉服向他展示了更多关于中国文化的细节。 taken拿取；made制造；shown展示；thrown扔掉。根据“him a lot more details (细节) about Chinese culture.”可知，这里表示汉服展示了更多的中国文化的细节。故选C。 8．句意：Rian计划在天津至少再待五年。 forgets忘记；affords支付；refuses拒绝；plans计划。根据“He’ll continue to work...”可知，他是计划在天津再待五年。故选D。 9．句意：他将继续担任英语教师，同时制作关于汉服的短视频。 songs歌曲；videos视频；articles文章；trips远行。根据“He hopes more people will learn about Hanfu and China…his videos.”可知，是制作关于汉服的视频。故选B。 10．句意：他希望更多的人能通过他的视频了解汉服和中国。 across穿过；against反对；through通过；over结束。根据“He hopes more people will learn about Hanfu and China”可知，这里表示通过视频了解。故选C。 4、 短文填空 （2025·天津·模拟预测） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 We always think the first impression (印象) is of great importance in life. However, is the first impression really worth being trusted? In my opinion, that is probably not the f 1 . A first impression is the first judgement (判断) we make about a person. The forming of first impressions may depend on direct feelings, b 2 there is not enough information about one person. In some way, it is also influenced by our personal experiences or our emotions (情绪). So I t 3 the first impression is inaccurate (不准确的). While a good first impression is connected with whether we will be allowed to enter a school or a company, short information a 4 a person may make the first impression important. What’s more, the first impressions of some candidates (候选人) are not good, but they turn out to perform (表现) w 5 after they enter a school or a company. So I do believe some opinions about first impressions should be changed. My middle school math teacher was in his early twenties when he began to t 6 us. At first, I thought the experienced elder math teacher in the neighbouring class must be more excellent than him. However, the y 7 teacher was hardworking and spent long hours preparing lessons every day. It wasn’t l 8 before we saw him as an excellent teacher. With his encouragement, I also became confident in math and made progress. I was sorry for my wrong first impression of him. From this story, I have r 9 that emotions and stereotypes (刻板印象) can both influence our judgement of people. The first impression should never be the only s 10 of judgement about a person. 【答案】 1．(f)act 2．(b)ecause 3．(t)hink 4．(a)bout 5．(w)ell 6．(t)each 7．(y)oung 8．(l)ong 9．(r)ealized 10．(s)tandard 【导语】本文主要探讨了第一印象的问题。作者认为第一印象因信息不足、受个人经历和情绪影响而不准确，虽在入学或求职等场景重要，但有些第一印象不好的人后续表现却很好，还通过自己中学数学老师的例子，说明不应仅依据第一印象评判他人，情绪和刻板印象会干扰判断。 1．句意：在我看来，这或许并非事实。根据“However, is the first impression really worth being trusted?”可知，作者对第一印象的重要提出质疑，设空处句子表达作者对其的否定态度，结合首字母提示，“fact”意为“事实”符合语境，“not the fact”意为“并非事实”。故填(f)act。 2．句意：第一印象的形成可能依赖于直接感受，因为我们对一个人了解的信息并不充足。根据“The forming of first impressions may depend on direct feelings”和“there is not enough information about one person”句意可知，前后存在因果关系，后者是原因，“because”引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。 3．句意：所以我认为第一印象是不准确的。根据“the first impression is inaccurate”可知，此句是作者进一步阐述自己的想法，主语“I”是第一人称，句子时态为一般现在时，结合首字母提示，动词“think”表示“认为” 符合语境。故填(t)hink。 4．句意：尽管良好的第一印象关系到我们能否进入一所学校或一家公司，关于一个人的有限信息可能会让第一印象变得重要。根据“short information... a person”可知，此处表达的应是“关于一个人的信息”，“about”意为“关于”符合语境。故填(a)bout。 5．句意：而且，一些候选人的第一印象并不好，但他们进入学校或公司后却表现出色。“perform”是动词，需要副词修饰；“but”表转折，说明候选人虽第一印象不好，但进入学校或公司后表现“好”，副词“well”意为 “好地”，符合语境。故填(w)ell。 6．句意：我的中学数学老师刚开始教我们时才二十出头。“began to”后接动词原形，这里表示老师开始 “教”我们，“teach”符合语境。故填(t)each。 7．句意：然而，这位年轻老师工作勤奋，每天都花大量时间备课。根据“in his early twenties”和“elder math teacher”可知，对比隔壁班经验丰富的老教师，这位“年轻的”老师很勤奋，“young”符合语境。故填(y)oung。 8．句意：没过多久，我们就把他视为一位出色的老师。“It wasn’t long before...”是固定句型，意为“没过多久就……”，这里表示没过多久我们就认可他是出色的老师了。故填(l)ong。 9．句意：从这个故事中，我意识到情绪和刻板印象都会影响我们对他人的判断。根据语境和“have”可知，此句时态是现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，表达“从这个故事中，我意识到……”，动词“realize”的过去分词 “realized”符合语境。故填(r)ealized。 10．句意：第一印象绝不应该成为评判一个人的唯一标准。根据“judgement about a person”和首字母提示可知，这里表示评判“标准”，“standard”符合文意。故填(s)tandard。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 宾语从句&定语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 5 ★考点一 宾语从句的连接词 3 1. 宾语从句的句法功能 4 2. 宾语从句的连接词 4 ★考点二 宾语从句的语序 5 ★考点三 宾语从句的时态 7 考点四 定语从句的关系代词 8 考点五 定语从句的关系副词 10 考点六 定语从句that/which区别 11 04 优题精选·练能提分............................................................................................................................................13 考点 课标要求 复习目标 宾语从句的连接词 · 正确运用宾语从句引导词：连接词that、if、whether；连接代词：what、who、which、whose和whom； 连接副词：when、where、how、why等。 1.熟练掌握宾语从句的连接词、时态和语序； 2.系统复习定语从句关系代词、关系副词的用法。 宾语从句的语序‌ · 掌握宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序， 即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 宾语从句的时态‌ · 掌握宾语从句的时态‌ 定语从句的关系词 · 关系代词：that和which的用法辨析；who, whom, whose的用法辨析 · ‌关系副词：when, where, why的用法 · 介词+which/whom引导的定语从句常见用法 命题预测 主要考查的是宾语从句的时态、语序及引导词；定语从句关系代词、关系副词的用法。 考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空等。 解题锦囊 锦囊1：确定从句类型 要仔细分析句子成分，注意三大从句的区别。先根据主句的主谓结构确定在主句中充当宾语。如果对空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用，要考虑定语从句关系词。 锦囊2：确定宾语从句的连接词 (1)从句中缺主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、which、whatever等。 (2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。 (3)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。 (4)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。 锦囊3：寻找定语从句的先行词 判断属性（指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因）。 (1)先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose； (2) 先行词指物：that/which/whose； (3)表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。 锦囊3：宾语从句排除法 (1)根据宾语从句用陈述句语序， 排除疑问句语序的选项。 (2)根据语境确定宾语从句引导词，排除错误的选项。 (3)根据时间标志词或语境确定时态。 考点一 宾语从句的连接词 定义：在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。 宾语从句的作用与简单句中宾语的作用基本一致，用于表示动作、行为的对象。 宾语从句一般由“引导词(不作主语) +主语+谓语(+其他)”构成。 引导宾语从句的连接词有that、if/whether、what、who、where、why 和 how等。 1. 宾语从句的句法功能 用法 例句 作及物动词的宾语  He wanted to know when we would have a birthday party.. 他想知道我们什么时候举办生日聚会。 作介词的宾语，常用whether、 which、whom等引导宾语从句 I am not sure whether he will come. 我不确定他是否会来。 作系表结构的宾语  I'm so glad I tried the new ride.我很高兴我尝试了新的骑乘项目。 I am sure that he will succeed soon.我确信他很快就会成功。 2. 宾语从句的连接词 引导词 用法 例句 that 无实际意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或者非正式文体中常被省略 He said（that）he could finish his work before supper. 他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。 whether/if 二者都意为“是否”,在从句中不充当成分，但不可省略，通常情况下两者可互换 I wonder whether/if you can help me. 不知道您是否能帮我的忙。 连接代词（who、whom、whose、what、which、whatever等） 连接代词在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等， 不可省略 She wondered who had sent the flowers.（作主语） 她想知道是谁送的花。 Jim wonders what he should do next.（作宾语） 吉姆想知道他接下来应该做什么。 连接副词（when、where、why、how） 连接副词在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略 He didn't tell me when we would meet again. 他没告诉我什么时候我们会再相见。 I wondered where he bought the book. 我想知道他在哪里买的那本书。 【易错提醒】 只用whether不用if的情况： ①引导介词后的宾语从句时。如I’m interested in whether he joins the army.我对他是否入伍感兴趣。 ②与or not直接连用时。如We're not sure whether or not there will be rain tomorrow.我们不确定明天是否有雨。③与动词不定式连用时。如I can't decide whether to go with you.我无法决定是否和你一起去。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）—My parents will give me a red packet after my graduation! —I wonder ________. A．how much money have you got B．what you bought with the money C．if you will give it to your parents D．that you will deal with the money 2．（2025·天津·中考真题）—Could you tell me ________? —Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. A．what are you reading B．why do you like reading C．what you are reading D．why you like reading 3．（2025·云南·中考真题）—Tom, could you please tell me ________? —Last month. A．when did you join the basketball club B．when you joined the basketball club C．why did you join the basketball club D．why you joined the basketball club 4．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________ after junior high school? —Miss Wu. She was always patient with me in English class. A．who you will miss the most B．what your favourite teacher is like C．what you think of your English teacher 考点二 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： He asked me what I did yesterday afternoon.他问我昨天下午做什么了。 Do you know why winter is colder than summer?你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗? I want to know whether you can come or not.我想知道你是否能来。 情况 例句  在宾语从句中，从句须使用陈述语序， 即按照“主语+谓语+其他”的顺序 Some people wonder if Susan will even go to work. 有些人怀疑苏珊是否还会去上班。 在宾语从句中， 疑问代词 what、which等 作从句的主语时，该特殊疑问句是陈述语序 The doctor wonderswhat illness this little boy has. 医生想知道这个小男孩生了什么病。   疑问词+to do I don't know how to improve my English reading level. 我不知道如何提升我的英语阅读水平。 【易错提醒】 宾语从句的否定前移： 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，当主句的时态为一般现在时，主语为第一人称，且谓语动词是think、believe、suppose等时，若宾语从句表示否定，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，而从句仍用肯定形式。 I don't think you like sports.我认为你不喜欢体育运动。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·天津和平·三模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —In five minutes. A．how soon will the meeting begin B．how soon the meeting will begin C．how long the meeting has been on D．how long has the meeting been on 2．（2025·天津南开·二模）—I'd like to know ________. —Maybe near the stream. A．whether we will go camping B．where we will go camping C．whether will we go camping D．where will we go camping 3．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Do you know ________ for the subject Nature? —He took a photo of trees to show different colours on the hill. A．why Li Wei can win the prize B．why can Li Wei win the prize C．when Li Wei can win the prize D．when can Li Wei win the prize 4．（2025·天津河西·一模）—I’m planning a trip to Tianjin this summer vacation. I wonder ________. —Why not go online to get more information about it? A．where can I eat something special B．that local people are very friendly to visitors C．if July is the best time to go there D．when will the international meeting be held in Tianjin 考点三 宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 情况 例句 若主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）, 从句的时态根据实际情况而定 I hear he will be back in a few days.我听说几天之后他就要回来了。 I know she lives here. 我知道她住在这里。 Iknow shelived here five years ago. 我知道她五年前住在这里。 若主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时）, 从句也要用过去的某种时态 He said he was much better than before.他说他比以前好多了。 The girl said she was reading a storybook at seven yesterday. 那个女孩说昨天七点钟她正在读一本故事书。 若从句描述的是客观事实、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句时态的限制， 仍用一般现在时 They said that the earth is round. 他们说地球是圆的。 总结： 主现从不限 主过从必过 客观真理仍用现 【易错提醒】 句子“Could you please...?”中的could不是情态动词can的过去式，而是表达客气的请求。 从句可根据句意选择恰当的时态。 1．（2025·天津·模拟预测）The little girl asked her mother ________. A．that she could hold a party at home B．how long will she hold her party C．if her friends will come to her party D．how many guests would come to her party 2．（2025·天津东丽·模拟预测）I don’t know if Lucy ________ to see the film Ne Zha II next Sunday. If she ________, so will I. A．will go; will go B．goes; goes C．goes; will go D．will go; goes 3．（2025·江苏南京·三模）—One of the 24 solar terms—Grain in Ear is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what does this solar term mean B．that it will fall on the fifth of June this year C．whether it was the 9th of the 24 solar terms D．if it marks crops are waiting to be harvested 4．（2025·云南大理·二模）The teacher asked the students ________. A．why the earth went around the sun B．why does the earth go around the sun C．why did the earth go around the sun D．why the earth goes around the sun 考点四 定语从句的关系代词 定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词、代词等的从句叫定语从句，又称关系从句。 其作用相当于形容词，通常置于所修饰词（即先行词）的后面，由关系词引导。 定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰、限定作用，没有它，先行词所指代的人或物就会模糊不清； 非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充、说明作用，没有它，先行词所指的人或物仍然明确清楚，与先行词之间常有逗号隔开。 My uncle is a man who loves travelling.（限制性定语从句）我叔叔是个爱好旅行的人。 My uncle,who loves travelling,has been to 20 countries.（非限制性定语从句） 我那爱好旅行的叔叔已经去过20个国家了。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。根据其在定语从句中的作用，又可分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词或关系副词，不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且在从句中充当一定的成分。 关系代词在从句中作主语、宾 语、表语、定语等。 关系副词在从句中作状语。定语从句构成形式为“先行词+关系词+从句 ”。 关系代词 关系代词 The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. Tina is a girl who always helps others. 先行词 定语从句 先行词 定语从句 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 that 人或物 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语 (作宾语时that可省略) I have some photosthat I took in Australia last year. 我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的照片。(that作宾语) I prefer movies that give me something to think about. 我更喜欢让我思考的电影。(that作主语) which 物  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) The train which has just left is for Beijing. 刚开走的火车是驶往北京的。(which作主语) This is the book which he gave me. 这就是他给我的那本书。(which作宾语) who 人  在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) He's the boy who won the English competition last year! 他是去年赢得英语比赛的男孩!(who在作主语) whom 人 在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可省略，在介词后作宾语时不可省略) It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years. 与那些在过去三年间共度许多时光的人分离总是很难的。 whose 人或物  在从句中作定语 It's the school whose door is painted brown. 这就是那个门被漆成棕色的学校。(whose =the th school's) 【易错提醒】 在定语从句中，关系词指代先行词，因此不能再重复使用先行词。 This is the book that you are looking for it.（×）（应去掉it） This is the book that you are looking for.（√）这是你正在找的书。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ___ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 2．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Zhang Hong, a Chinese man, is the first Asian blind climber has reached the top of Qomolangma. A．when B．whose C．which D．who 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—What do you think of Lijiang? —The most wonderful place ________ I’ve been in the past few years. A．what B．that C．to which 考点五 定语从句的关系副词 关系副词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 例句 when 时间 在从句中作时间状语，可与 on/in/at/...+which互换 I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane. 我仍然记得我第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语， 可与at /in...+which 互换 Tom wants to go to a place where he can calm down. 汤姆想去一个能让他平静的地方。 why 表示原因的名词 原因状语可与for which互换 Is this the reasonwhy she refused our offer of help? 这就是她拒绝我们的帮助的理由吗? 【易错提醒】 定语从句的主谓一致： 1. 定语从句有自己的主语（即关系词不充当定语从句的主语）时，其谓语动词的单复数形式与从句主语的单复数保持一致 I like the book that the boy is reading.我喜欢那个男孩正在读的书。 I like the book that the boys are reading.我喜欢那些男孩正在读的书。 2. 如果定语从句的主语是关系词，其谓语动词的单复数形式与前面的先行词保持一致。 Do you know the girl who is over there?你认识那边那个女孩吗? Do you know the girls who are over there?你认识那边那些女孩吗? 1．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）Do you know the year ________ the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A．which B．that C．when D．on which 2．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）Michael will never forget the village ________ he was born. A．that B．which C．what D．where 3．（22-23九年级上·上海宝山）I walked in our garden, _________ a big sign ________ in one of the trees. A．which; was hung B．which; was hanged C．where; was hung D．where; was hanged 考点六 定语从句that/which区别 1、 先行词指物时，只能用that而不用which的情况 情况 示例 先行词是all,little,much, nothing,few, something,every- thing等不定代词时 It is something that you use to paint pictures. 它是你用来画画的一些东西。 先行词被the same,the only, the very,all, the last,the one(s),no等修饰 I want to read all the books that were written by Shakespeare. 我想读莎士比亚写的所有书。 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 This isthe best book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的书。 主句是以疑问词which或who 开头的特殊疑问句 Which is the bike that you have lost? 你丢失的自行车是哪辆?  先行词既有人又有物 We talked about persons andthings that we remembered in middle school. 我们谈论了我们在中学时记得的人和事情。 主句以here或there开头， 且先行词指物时 Here is the pen that Mary have been looking for. 这是玛丽一直在找的那支笔。 2、 先行词指物时，关系词用which不宜用that的情况 情况 例句  先行词本身是that What's that which is on the desk?桌子上的东西是什么?  关系代词前面有介词且指物时 This is the room in which James once lived. 这是James曾经住过的房间。  引导非限制性定语从句 Crusoe's dog,which was very old now,became ill and died. Crusoe的狗现在很老了，生病死了。 1．（2025·江苏南京·三模）The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork ________ shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty. A．which B．who C．what D．when 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 3．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）Chengdu is a city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airport. A．where B．who C．that 4．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．that B．who C．what 一、单项选择 1．（2025·湖北武汉·二模）—Mike, why is the ancient saying “A single piece of wood can’t make a fire” meaningful? —Because it teaches us ________. A．how can we find dry wood B．that teamwork achieves greater things C．why we should protect forests D．when do people need warmth 2．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Do you know if we ________ a school leavers’ party? —I think if we ________ too many tasks next term, we will. A．will have; have B．will have; don’t have C．don’t have; won’t have D．will have; won’t have 3．（2025·天津·一模）My students want to know ________. A．what does our new school look like B．what our new school looks like C．what did our new school look like D．what our new school looked like 4．（2025·天津·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________? —The show was held during the Spring Festival. It’s called the Spring of the Canal (运河之春). A．why will the lantern show be held B．when was the lantern show held C．why the lantern show will be held D．when the lantern show was held 5．（2025·天津·二模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? —Walk along this road and you’ll see it on the right. A．how can I go to Tianjin Library B．when does Tianjin Library open C．where Tianjin Library is D．whether Tianjin Library is open 6．（2025·天津河北·二模）—Would you please tell me ________ ? —Sure. I usually give some books to a village library. A．when World Book Day is B．when is World Book Day C．how you celebrate World Book Day D．how do you celebrate World Book Day 7．（2025·天津河东·二模）Teenagers don’t always understand ______ their parents have so many rules. A．what B．why C．which D．where 8．（23-24九年级上·天津·期中）I don’t know if Kevin ______ to our house tomorrow. I think if he _____ free, he will come. A．comes; will come B．will come; is C．comes; is D．will come; will be 9．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）The host wanted to know ________. A．when will the guests come B．when the guests will come C．when would the guests come D．when the guests would come 10．（2025·安徽黄山·二模）—Could you tell me when ________? —At 10:25, in ten minutes. A．the bus has left B．the bus had left C．the bus would leave D．the bus will leave 11．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Xiaolu is invited to his British friend Jack’s home for dinner. He knows little about the customs, so he asks DeepSeek ________. A．whether must he arrive exactly on time B．what subjects were avoided during dinner C．that bringing flowers would be a good idea D．how long he can stay before saying goodbye 12．（2025·云南·模拟预测）Can you tell me ________? I want to see the performance. A．when will the Dian Opera start B．when the Dian Opera will start C．when the Dian Opera starts D．when does the Dian Opera start 13．（2025·广东汕头·二模）Before going shopping, Mrs. Depp listed ______ for the next week on a piece of paper. A．what she would need B．what would she need C．what she will need D．what will she need 14．（2025·吉林长春·二模）When visiting the Palace Museum, I wondered ______. A．what is life like here in the past B．what life is like here in the past C．what was life like here in the past D．what life was like here in the past 15．（2025·江苏南通·二模）—One of the 24 solar terms——Grain in Ear is coming soon. —That’s true. But could you tell me ________? A．what is the meaning of this solar term B．that it will fall on the fifth of June this year C．whether it was the 9th of the 24 solar terms D．if it marks crops get mature and are waiting to be harvested 16．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）We learned that light ________ faster than sound in physics class. A．travel B．travelled C．travelling D．travels 17．（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）—DeepSeek has impressed the whole world with its powerful models. —I haven’t used it. I wonder ______. A．what languages could DeepSeek understand B．how can DeepSeek be used in English learning C．how long it takes DeepSeek to answer a question D．that DeepSeek has more advantages over ChatGPT 18．（2025·全国·模拟预测）—Why don’t we go to see Tea House at Poly Theatre tonight? —Good idea. Let me check ________. A．when will the play start B．where is the Poly Theatre C．how much does a ticket cost D．whether there are tickets or not 19．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Tom, do you know ________ the art festival? I can’t wait to get started. A．where will we hold B．how we will hold C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 20．（2025·西藏·一模）Do you know ________ in Germany? I’m planning a trip there. A．how’s the weather like B．what the weather is like C．what does the weather like D．how the weather is like 二、用所给单词的正确形式或首字母填空。 1．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Pardon? What did you say just now? —Oh, I said that we (have) a picnic next Sunday. 2．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Andy said he (give) me two days off if I could complete this project successfully. 3．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）You’re going to take part in the basketball match. I hope you (win) the match. 4．（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）I hardly what you said. Can you say it again? (hear) 5．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）The little boy is so worried in the exam because he doesn’t know when (hand) in the paper. 6．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）The teacher told us that the earth (travel) around the sun. 7．（2025·上海·模拟预测）Not everyone enjoys fast food. Jack is the one who hamburgers. (like) 8．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）The company expected that ChatGPT (change) the way people work and live. 9．（2024·黑龙江·三模）The teacher told us that the gravity (引力) on the moon (be) only about one sixth of that on the earth. 10．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）—Can you tell me where our club (hold) the English competition next week? —Yes, in the language center. 3、 完形填空 （2025·天津·模拟预测） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Rian is a young man from Brazil, but now he lives in Tianjin. He is deeply attracted (吸引) by Hanfu, and 1 of wearing the traditional Han Chinese clothing. Rian teaches English in a middle school in Tianjin. In the city, people are often seen in the streets 2 Hanfu, especially during festivals. Over time, he developed a 3 interest in the outfit (装束) and wanted to try it on himself. “My first taste of Hanfu was the Tang style,” said the young man. “Today, it is 4 my favourite Hanfu style.” When he puts it on, he feels as if he has travelled back to 5 times. Rian’s interest in Hanfu has also helped him to learn more about China. In the past, he knew China has a long 6 and a profound (深厚的) culture. Except that, he didn’t know anything. However, Hanfu has 7 him a lot more details (细节) about Chinese culture. Rian 8 to stay in Tianjin for at least another five years. He’ll continue to work as an English teacher while making short 9 about Hanfu. He hopes more people will learn about Hanfu and China 10 his videos. “I want to share Chinese culture with the world.” said the Brazilian. 1．A．proud B．full C．patient D．afraid 2．A．collecting B．finding C．wearing D．discussing 3．A．correct B．weak C．strong D．poor 4．A．even B．just C．still D．never 5．A．modern B．ancient C．hard D．easy 6．A．result B．history C．report D．record 7．A．taken B．made C．shown D．thrown 8．A．forgets B．affords C．refuses D．plans 9．A．songs B．videos C．articles D．trips 10．A．across B．against C．through D．over 4、 短文填空 （2025·天津·模拟预测） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 We always think the first impression (印象) is of great importance in life. However, is the first impression really worth being trusted? In my opinion, that is probably not the f 1 . A first impression is the first judgement (判断) we make about a person. The forming of first impressions may depend on direct feelings, b 2 there is not enough information about one person. In some way, it is also influenced by our personal experiences or our emotions (情绪). So I t 3 the first impression is inaccurate (不准确的). While a good first impression is connected with whether we will be allowed to enter a school or a company, short information a 4 a person may make the first impression important. What’s more, the first impressions of some candidates (候选人) are not good, but they turn out to perform (表现) w 5 after they enter a school or a company. So I do believe some opinions about first impressions should be changed. My middle school math teacher was in his early twenties when he began to t 6 us. At first, I thought the experienced elder math teacher in the neighbouring class must be more excellent than him. However, the y 7 teacher was hardworking and spent long hours preparing lessons every day. It wasn’t l 8 before we saw him as an excellent teacher. With his encouragement, I also became confident in math and made progress. I was sorry for my wrong first impression of him. From this story, I have r 9 that emotions and stereotypes (刻板印象) can both influence our judgement of people. The first impression should never be the only s 10 of judgement about a person. 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $