Unit 1 Past and present单元测试-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（译林版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Past and present单元测试 （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 第一部分 选择题 一、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．Betty thinks playing ______ violin is more interesting than playing ______ chess. A．/ ; the B．the; the C．/ ; / D．the; / 【答案】D 【详解】句意：贝蒂认为拉小提琴比下棋更有趣。 考查冠词用法。play后接西洋乐器时，乐器名词前通常加定冠词the，如play the violin（拉小提琴）；play后接棋类、球类运动时，不加冠词，如play chess（下棋）。第一空指西洋乐器violin，需加the；第二空指棋类chess，不加冠词。故选D。 2．— ________ local people’s life, the government has built a sports centre and a youth centre here. —Great! There are more places for people to have fun. A．Improve B．Improving C．To improving D．To improve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为了改善当地居民的生活，政府在这里建立了一个体育中心和一个青年中心。——太棒了！人们有更多的地方可以玩了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“local people’s life, the government has built a sports centre and a youth centre here.”可知，政府建立体育中心和青年中心的目的是改善当地居民的生活，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 3．The old woman lives ________ in a ________ village, and she feels ________ at times. A．alone; alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely; alone C．alone; lonely; alone D．alone; lonely; lonely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个老妇人独自居住在一个偏僻的村庄，有时她感到很孤独。 考查词义辨析。alone独自地，副词；单独的，形容词，强调客观上的独自一人；lonely孤独的，形容词，带有感情色彩，强调主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较强感情色彩，在句中作表语或定语。第一个空，修饰动词lives“居住”，用副词alone；第二个空，修饰名词village“村庄”，用形容词lonely，作定语；第三个空，位于系动词feel“感觉”之后，用形容词lonely作表语；故选D。 4．— I have ________ finished my homework. What about you? — I finished it ________. A．just；just B．just now；just now C．just；just now D．just now；just 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我刚做完作业。你呢？——我刚刚做完了。 考查just和just now的用法。just刚刚；just now刚刚。根据英语语法，just可以和现在完成时连用，just now和过去时连用，故选C。 5．—Look! How clean the classroom is! —Yes. I’m sure someone ________ it up. A．cleans B．is cleaning C．will clean D．has cleaned 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——看！教室多干净啊！——是的。我确定有人已经打扫过它了。 考查动词时态。根据“How clean the classroom is!”可知，教室很干净，由此推断“有人已经打扫过了”，强调对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语“someone”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用“has”，“clean”的过去分词是“cleaned”。故选D。 6．The modern city is quite different from what it ____ some ways. A．was used to be in B．used to by C．used to be in D．was used to being in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现代城市在某些方面完全不同于过去的样子。 考查短语辨析。used to be曾经；be used to do sth.被用于做某事；in some ways在某些方面。这里说城市现在和过去在某些方面不同，表示过去的状态，这里 “what it used to be” 表示 “它过去的样子”。故选C。 7．When seeing the robots dancing on the 2025 Spring Festival Gala, we were glad to notice the fast ________ of science and technology in China. A．risk B．memory C．development D．excitement 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当看到机器人在2025年春节联欢晚会上跳舞时，我们很高兴地注意到中国科学技术的快速发展。 考查名词辨析。risk风险；memory记忆；development发展；excitement兴奋。根据语境“fast…of science and technology”可知，此处应表示科技领域的“快速发展”，且能与“science and technology”搭配。故选C。 8．Nowadays, many schools for chefs ________ teach ice sculpture. It is a creative way to make food look more interesting. A．quickly B．simply C．hardly D．certainly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今，许多厨师学校肯定教授冰雕。这是一种让食物看起来更有趣的创意方式。 考查副词辨析。quickly快速地；simply简单地；hardly几乎不；certainly肯定地。根据“It is a creative way to make food look more interesting”可知，冰雕是一种受欢迎的创意技能，因此许多学校“肯定”会教授它，表示肯定的语气。故选D。 9．—Why do we spend so much time on reading in class? —Because the ability to read and understand is ________ all learning. It helps you learn every subject better. A．at the heart of B．on the way to C．at the cost of D．at the speed of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么我们在课堂上花这么多时间阅读？——因为阅读和理解的能力是所有学习的核心。它帮助你更好地学习每一门学科。 考查介词短语辨析。at the heart of……的核心；on the way to在去……的路上；at the cost of以……为代价；at the speed of以……的速度。根据“It helps you learn every subject better.”可知，阅读和理解的能力是所有学习的关键或核心。故选A。 10．—What do you think of my poster, Mr. Wang? —________. You can do anything well if you put your heart into it. A．Come on B．You’re welcome C．No problem D．Good job 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——王老师，您觉得我的海报怎么样？——做得好。如果你用心去做，任何事情都能做好。 考查情景交际。Come on加油/得了吧；You’re welcome不客气；No problem没问题；Good job做得好。根据“What do you think of my poster”及“You can do anything well if you put your heart into it.”可知，此处应是对海报的正面评价，“Good job”符合语境。故选D。 二、完型填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读全文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Have you ever been to Saihanba? It is a very big forest 11 in Chengde, Hebei. In Mongolian, its name 12 the “beautiful highland”. Just as its name suggests, endless forests and grasslands are dotted with clear lakes. Saihanba 13 to be a royal (皇家的) hunting ground. During the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi liked Saihanba so much that he made 14 there a royal activity. In 1860, 15 a shortage (缺少) of money, the land was opened to all people. In the following years, cutting down trees and wildfires quickly 16 the forests and grasslands. By the 1950s, Saihanba had become poor land 17 animals or plants. The plans to rebuild a national 18 in Saihanba started in the 1960s. In 1961, a group of six scientists travelled to Saihanba and studied the possibility of 19 trees there. They 20 found one tree standing alone in the large land, which greatly encouraged them. From then on, they decided to 21 Saihanba into a new national forest. In the past 63 years, after overcoming (克服) the difficulties of planting trees in a very cold place, great 22 have taken place in Saihanba. The poor land has 23 a large and beautiful forest. Chinese people have created a true wonder in Saihanba over the past half-century. Today, Saihanba has been 24 as the “Emerald (绿宝石) of North China”. It is very important 25 Beijing’s water and air quality. It is also a natura l protection that can prevent sandstorms. 11．A．setting B．lying C．stepping D．leading 12．A．keeps B．realizes C．means D．replies 13．A．failed B．tried C．used D．agreed 14．A．climbing B．fishing C．jogging D．hunting 15．A．instead of B．according to C．thanks to D．because of 16．A．lost B．cut C．destroyed D．left 17．A．with B．to C．by D．without 18．A．museum B．forest C．wetland D．park 19．A．making B．building C．keeping D．growing 20．A．finally B．recently C．mainly D．nearly 21．A．carry B．come C．put D．turn 22．A．memories B．changes C．times D．conditions 23．A．found B．kept C．become D．made 24．A．lonely B．active C．perfect D．famous 25．A．for B．at C．with D．about 【答案】 11．B 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．D 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．A 【导语】本文介绍了塞罕坝发生的巨大变化，由一片贫瘠的土地变成了一片美丽的大森林。展现了我们祖国越来越美、越来越强大。 11．句意：它是一个位于河北承德的非常大的森林。 setting设置；lying位于；stepping行走；leading引领。根据“in Chengde, Hebei.”可知，塞罕坝是一个位于河北承德的非常大的森林。故选B。 12．句意：在蒙古语中，它的名字是“美丽的高地”的意思。 keeps保持；realizes实现；means意味着；replies回复。根据“the “beautiful highland”.”可知，在蒙古语中，它的名字是“美丽的高地”的意思。故选C。 13．句意：塞罕坝曾经是一个皇家的猎场。 failed失败；tried尝试；used使用；agreed同意。根据“to be a royal (皇家的) hunting ground”可知，塞罕坝曾经是一个皇家的猎场。used to be意为“曾经是”。故选C。 14．句意：在清朝，康熙皇帝非常喜欢塞罕坝，他把在那里狩猎作为一项皇家活动。 climbing攀岩；fishing钓鱼；jogging慢跑；hunting狩猎。根据“that he made…there a royal activity.”可知，他把在那里狩猎作为一项皇家活动。故选D。 15．句意：1860年，因为缺钱，这片土地向所有人开放。 instead of而不是；according to根据；thanks to多亏了；because of因为。根据“a shortage (缺少) of money,”可知，因为缺钱，这片土地向所有人开放。故选D。 16．句意：在接下来的几年里，砍伐树木和野火迅速摧毁了森林和草原。 lost丢失；cut切；destroyed摧毁；left离开。根据“the forests and grasslands.”可知，砍伐树木和野火迅速摧毁了森林和草原。故选C。 17．句意：到20世纪50年代，塞罕坝已成为贫瘠的土地，没有动物或植物。 with随着；to到；by通过；without没有。根据“animals or plants.”可知，此处指没有动物或植物。故选D。 18．句意：塞罕坝国家森林重建计划始于20世纪60年代。 museum博物馆；forest森林；wetland湿地；park公园。根据“in Saihanba started in the 1960s.”可知，塞罕坝国家森林重建计划始于20世纪60年代。故选B。 19．句意：1961年，一个由六名科学家组成的小组前往塞罕坝，研究在那里种树的可能性。 making制作；building建筑；keeping保持；growing种植。根据“trees there.”可知，此处指在那里种树。故选D。 20．句意：最后他们找到了一棵树独自站立在这片广阔的土地上，这极大地鼓励了他们。finally最终；recently最近；mainly主要；nearly几乎。根据“found one tree standing alone in the large land”可知，最后他们找到了一棵树独自站立在这片广阔的土地上。故选A。 21．句意：从那时起，他们决定把塞罕坝变成一个新的国家森林。 carry携带；come来；put放；turn转。根据“Saihanba into a new national forest.”可知，他们决定把塞罕坝变成一个新的国家森林。故选D。 22．句意：在过去的63年里，在克服了在非常寒冷的地方植树的困难后，塞罕坝发生了巨大的变化。 memories记忆；changes改变；times时代；conditions条件。根据“have taken place in Saihanba.”可知，塞罕坝发生了巨大的变化。故选B。 23．句意：这片贫瘠的土地变成了一片美丽的大森林。 found发现；kept保持；become成为；made制造。根据“a large and beautiful forest.”可知，这片贫瘠的土地变成了一片美丽的大森林。故选C。 24．句意：如今，塞罕坝已被誉为“华北绿宝石”。 lonely孤独的；active活跃的；perfect完美的；famous出名的。根据“as the ‘Emerald (绿宝石) of North China’”可知，塞罕坝已被誉为“华北绿宝石”。故选D。 25．句意：这对北京的水和空气质量很重要。 for为了；at在；with随着；about关于。根据“Beijing’s water and air quality.”可知，这对北京的水和空气质量很重要。故选A。 三、阅读单选(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Mike’s project As part of my history project on transport, I did some short interviews with people in my neighborhood. My first interview was with my friend Susan’s grandmother; Mrs. Sanderson. Question 1 How did you get to school when you were young? I walked to school with my friends, except for Fridays when we had to carry all of our things for school sports. Then we caught the bus. I enjoyed walking because we could chat on the way. I didn’t like it when it was raining though, but Mum always made sure I wore my raincoat and gumboots. On the other hand, I became a strong walker, and I believe that’s why I’ve been healthy all my life. Question 2 My parents drive me to school. Why didn’t you go to school by car? You know we were not rich enough at that time. We could not afford a car until after I had finished school. Question 3 How did you get around when you weren’t going to school? We often went for a family trip by train. Most weekends we went on picnics and I loved playing with my cousins in the park. The trip took much longer than it would take by car today; of course. Question 4 How do you get around now? I still love walking, but I need to drive my grandchildren around, so I mainly use my car. It is fast. 26．Mike interviewed Mrs. Sanderson by asking four questions in order to ________. A．know her daily life B．make his neighbourhood better C．finish his history project D．make friends 27．Which of the following is true about Mrs. Sanderson? A．She used to drive to school on wet days. B．She couldn’t answer all Mike’s questions. C．She didn’t like walking to school when young. D．She finds it quicker to get to places these days. 28．The best title of Mike’s finished project is probably ________. A．The Life of Mrs. Sanderson B．How Travelling Has Changed C．People in My Neighborhood D．The Importance of Being Healthy 【答案】26．C 27．D 28．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了Mike为完成历史课关于交通的项目，采访邻居Mrs. Sanderson关于她年轻时和现在的出行方式。 26．细节理解题。根据“As part of my history project on transport”可知Mike采访Mrs. Sanderson是为了完成他的历史项目，故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据“The trip took much longer than it would take by car today”和“It is fast”可知Mrs. Sanderson认为现在开车去某些地方比以前更快，故选D。 28．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知Mike的项目主要是关于交通方式的变化，故选B。 B Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 29．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 30．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 31．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 32．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 【导语】本文讲述了怀特先生对当下生活变化的感慨与看法。 29．细节理解题。根据“he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days”可知，怀特先生认为过去的生活比现在好，即现在的生活比过去差。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal.”可知，人们在餐厅吃饭时不面对面交谈是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，而不是对老师生气，故选A。 32．推理判断题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生的孙子又考试不及格，他非常生气，由此可推测出他很担心他的孙子。故选C。 C Tom cycles on his new red bike and Jan follows. Five minutes later they’re both standing on top of the cliffs. They sit on the cliffs for an hour, talking about life in the 1970s and life in the 2010s. Tom listens to Jan’s description of Port Prime in the future and all the things people have. Jan says: “It must be difficult to live without mobile phones and the Internet”. “Why? We live OK without them.” “How do you find information for school or chat with friends?” “There are books and I can talk to my friends. How many friends do you have?” “Oh, I have 320 friends online.” Tom laughs. “How can you have 320 friends? When do you see them all?” “I don’t see them. They’re on the Internet.” “They don’t sound like real friends to me. How many real friends do you have, like Pauly and Jamie?” “I don’t know. There’s …Michael.” “That’s one. I don’t know, Jan. Life in the future doesn’t sound great. You don’t spend a lot of time with your parents. You’ve only one real friend. You can’t go out on your own. And you can’t cycle anywhere.” They both lie back on the grass, laughing. Jan and Tom get back to the house in time for tea and sandwiches. Then they watch TV. Jan laughs at Tom’s old black-and-white television. When she asks him for the remote control, Tom doesn’t know what she’s talking about. Tom’s dad comes into the room and sits down on an armchair. He lights a cigarette and starts smoking. Jan wants to tell about the dangers of smoking and the effects of passive smoking on the other people in the room but she doesn't. It’s best not to talk about the future with other people. It’s their secret. 33．What does the underlined word “cycle” mean? A．Ride. B．Drive. C．Walk. D．Take. 34．What are Jan and Tom talking about when they are sitting on the cliffs? A．Jan’s mum and dad. B．Pauly and Jamie. C．Life in the 1970s and 2010s. D．Tom’s mum and dad. 35．What does Tom think of the life without mobile phones and the Internet? A．Boring. B．OK. C．Dangerous. D．Interesting. 36．What can we infer from the passage? A．Jan lives a difficult life without mobile phones and the Internet now. B．Jan has three real friends, Pauly, Jamie and Michael. C．The TV in Tom’s house has no remote control. D．Jan will ask Tom to tell his father not to smoke, because it’s bad for his health. 【答案】33．A 34．C 35．B 36．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自未来的Jan与生活在20世纪70年代的Tom的一次相遇，他们讨论了各自时代生活的不同，尤其是关于朋友、通讯和娱乐方式的差异，以及Jan对Tom父亲吸烟行为的看法。 33．词句猜测题。根据第一句“Tom cycles on his new red bike...”可知，Tom骑着新自行车，Jan跟着。因此“cycle”在这里表示“骑（自行车）”的意思。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据第一段“They sit on the cliffs for an hour, talking about life in the 1970s and life in the 2010s.”可知，他们谈论的是20世纪70年代和21世纪10年代的生活。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据Tom对Jan说“Why? We live OK without them.”可知，Tom认为没有手机和互联网的生活“过得很好”。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“When she asks him for the remote control, Tom doesn’t know what she’s talking about.”可知，Jan向Tom要遥控器，但Tom不知道那是什么，可以推断Tom家的电视没有遥控器。故选C。 D At the Jinzhong National Agricultural High-Tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Shanxi Province, some truly “out-of-this-world” work is going on. Some upland rice seeds (旱稻种子) that experienced “space breeding (育种)” have grown up there. The upland rice seeds were taken to the Tiangong space station by the Shenzhou XVI members in May 2023. There, they experienced space radiation (辐射) and microgravity (微重力), which caused genetic mutations (基因突变). After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct. 31. Scientists studied the mutations. They found that some of the mutations gave the seeds qualities that farmers prefer, such as higher production and faster growth without illness. “For space breeding, the space environment holds great value, which cannot be copied on Earth,” Professor Dong Qi from Shanxi Agricultural University said. “Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,” he added. He explained that these space seeds may look the same on the outside but go through important changes on the inside. Space breeding, however, is not a simple task. Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true “space seeds”. The high-tech area in Jinzhong has long been working with China’s space programme. Located in Shanxi, which has dry weather, this is the perfect environment for growing and spreading new kinds of upland rice. The journey of Chinese crop seeds into space began in 1987. Since then, over 3,000 space breeding experiments have gone on,resulting in more than 240 main grain (谷物) kinds and over 400 new types of vegetables, fruits, trees, grasses, and flowers. 37．How long did the upland rice seeds stay in space? A．At least one year.B．For only a week. C．Less than two months. D．Around five months. 38．What can we infer from what Professor Dong Qi said? A．Traditional breeding is the same as the space breeding. B．Space breeding might take about four to five years. C．Space seeds look different both outside and inside. D．The environment on Earth is better than that in space. 39．How can the seeds become the true “space seeds”? ①The seeds are tested. ②The seeds are chosen. ③The seeds are sent to space. ④The seeds return from space. A．②③④① B．①②③④ C．②①④③ D．④①③② 40．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain why upland rice is important for farmers in dry areas like Shanxi. B．To describe how space breeding works and what makes it special. C．To tell the story of seeds that travelled to space and back with Shenzhou XVI. D．To show how scientists choose the best seeds after they return from space. 【答案】37．D 38．B 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国在太空育种领域的最新进展。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段“After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct. 31.”可知，150天大约是5个月。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据第四段“‘Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,’ he added.”可知，传统育种需要8到10年，而太空育种可以将时间缩短一半，因此太空育种可能需要4到5年。故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据第五段“Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true ‘space seeds’.”可知，种子成为真正“太空种子”的正确顺序是：②挑选种子→③种子被送入太空→④种子从太空返回→①种子接受测试，即②③④①。故选A。 40．主旨大意题。文章不仅介绍了太空育种的流程 (如种子进入太空、发生突变、返回地球筛选)，还强调了太空育种的优势 (如缩短时间、环境不可复制) 和挑战 (如严格筛选)，整体目的是系统说明太空育种的特点和过程。故选B。 第二部分 非选择题 四、词汇应用(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 41．We decided to make an (采访) with our principal. 【答案】interview 【详解】句意：我们决定采访我们的校长。“采访”英文表达为“interview”；“an”修饰可数名词单数。故填interview。 42．The little girl will travel (在国外) to learn more about art. 【答案】abroad 【详解】句意：这个小女孩将会去国外旅行，来了解更多关于艺术的事情。abroad“去国外，在国外”，是一个副词。故填abroad。 43．We should do our best to protect the (环境). 【答案】environment 【详解】句意：我们应该尽我们所能保护环境。environment“环境”，名词作宾语。故填environment。 44．It’s said that two years has passed since the old man (死). 【答案】died 【详解】句意：据说这位老人去世已经两年了。死：die，根据“since the old man...”可知“去世”的动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填died。 45．It was a good hotel （除了……以外）that it was rather noisy. 【答案】except 【详解】句意：这是一家不错的酒店，只是噪音很大。根据提示“除了……以外”可知，表示从整体中除去一部分，所以用介词except。故填except。 46．What do you think about the air (pollute) in your hometown? 【答案】pollution 【详解】句意：你怎么看待你家乡的空气污染？air pollution“空气污染”，不可数名词，故填pollution。 47．He has got used to (live) in Nanjing these days. 【答案】living 【详解】句意：这些天他已经习惯了住在南京。live“居住”，get used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”。故填living。 48．It will be colder in the (north)part of China next week. 【答案】northern 【详解】句意：下周在中国的北部将会更冷。north北，北部，是一个名词。空后的part是名词，这里应用形容词形式，作定语来修饰名词，故填northern。 49．Mike has some hobbies, such as (collect) different kinds of match boxes. 【答案】collecting 【详解】句意：迈克有一些爱好，比如收集不同种类的火柴盒。as是介词，后接动名词，故填collecting。 50．On hearing the music, the lady couldn’t stop (miss) the beauty of the mountain view. 【答案】missing 【详解】句意：听音乐时，那位女士无法停止对山中美景的思念。根据“couldn’t stop...(miss) the beauty of the mountain view”可知，此处可用couldn’t stop doing sth.“无法停止做某事”，此空应是动词miss的动名词形式missing。故填missing。 五、完成句子(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 51．贵州曾经交通不方便，但是现在很多城市都通了高铁。 Guizhou have poor transportation, but now many cities have high-speed trains. 【答案】 used to 【详解】根据汉语句子和英文提示可知，此处表示过去交通不便，used to do表示“过去常常做”。故填used；to。 52．在某种程度上，他的生活比以前好。 , his life is better than before. 【答案】In some ways 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处需要翻译“在某种程度上”这一短语，来衔接句子。In some ways表示“在某些方面；在某种程度上”，符合句意要求。故填In some ways。 53．魔术师可以点石成金吗? Can a magician a stone a gold? 【答案】 turn into 【详解】根据中英对照可知，原句中的“点石成金”对应英文短语是turn...into...“将……变成……”。原句是由can引导的一般疑问句，can后接动词原形。故填turn；into。 54．对我们来说像以前一样经常见面已经变得不可能。 It has become for us to see each other before. 【答案】 impossible as often as 【详解】据句意可知，第一个空需要表达“不可能”的意思，在英语中，“impossible”是形容词，意为“不可能的”，符合语境，所以第一个空填“impossible”。第二个空需要表达“像以前一样经常”的意思，在英语中，“as...as...”结构用于表示两者在某方面相同或相似，其中“as often as”表示“和……一样经常”，所以第二个空填“as often as”。故填impossible；as often as。 55．越来越多的人意识到AI的重要性。 More and more people the of AI. 【答案】 realize importance 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，空格处缺少“意识到”和“重要性”的英文。“realize”意为“意识到”，句子陈述普遍情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语“More and more people”是复数，所以第一个空填realize；“importance”表示“重要性”，是名词，符合“the + 名词 + of”结构，故第二个空填importance。故填realize；importance。 六、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mr Chen knows Sunshine Town very well 56 he has lived here since he was born. When he got 57 (marry), he and his wife moved two 58 (block) away from his parents. In the past, 59 (pollute) was a problem in the town. A steel factory often put the waste into the river. Later the government 60 (realize) the problem and took action 61 (improve) the situation. Now the river is much 62 (clean). Most of Mr Chen’s old friends have moved to other areas. It has become 63 (possible) for them to see each other as often as before. They used to 64 (play) cards and chess together. Now, Mr Chen feels a bit lonely from time to time, 65 he is happy to see the amazing changes in the town. 【答案】 56．because 57．married 58．blocks 59．pollution 60．realized 61．to improve 62．cleaner 63．impossible 64．play 65．but 【导语】本文主要讲述了陈先生的家乡阳光小镇发生的变化及陈先生对这些变化的态度。 56．句意：陈先生非常熟悉阳光小镇，因为他从出生起就住在这里。根据“Mr Chen knows Sunshine Town very well...he has lived here since he was born.”可知，前后是因果关系，后面表示原因，用because连接。故填because。 57．句意：结婚后，他和妻子搬到了离父母两个街区远的地方。get married“结婚”，固定搭配。故填married。 58．句意：结婚后，他和妻子搬到了离父母两个街区远的地方。block“街区”，two修饰用可数名词复数形式。故填blocks。 59．句意：过去，污染是这个城镇的一个问题。pollute“污染”，动词，空处作主语，用名词形式pollution。故填pollution。 60．句意：后来，政府意识到了这个问题，并采取行动改善了局面。realize“意识”，根据took可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式realized。故填realized。 61．句意：后来，政府意识到了这个问题，并采取行动改善了局面。improve“改善”，take action to do sth“采取行动做某事”，空处用不定式结构。故填to improve。 62．句意：现在这条河干净多了。clean“干净的”，much修饰用比较级形式。故填cleaner。 63．句意：他们不可能像以前那样经常见面了。根据“Most of Mr Chen’s old friends have moved to other areas.”可知，是不可能经常见面了，用possible的否定形式impossible“不可能的”。故填impossible。 64．句意：他们过去常常一起打牌和下棋。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，空处用动词原形play“玩”。故填play。 65．句意：现在，陈先生偶尔会感到有点孤独，但他很高兴看到这个城镇发生了惊人的变化。根据“Mr Chen feels a bit lonely from time to time,...he is happy to see the amazing changes in the town.”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 七、材料作文(本大题共15分) 66．假设你的家乡在政府的帮助下，坚持创建美丽新农村，近几年发生了巨大的变化。请以“The Changes in My Hometown”为题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文（开头已给出，不计入总数），描述你的家乡从过去到现在的变化以及你对未来的期望。 The Changes in My Hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the years. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The Changes in My Hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the years. In the past, my hometown was very poor. Houses were small and old, with rubbish everywhere. Few people would like to come to my hometown. Now, with the help of the government, great changes have taken place. People have grown many flowers and trees. It has become cleaner and cleaner. Many people have moved into bigger and brighter new houses. More and more people have their own cars and live a comfortable life. There are thousands of tourists from all over the country every year. I hope my hometown will always stay clean and beautiful, so more people will be willing to come back home and build our hometown together. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文。 ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”，“现在完成时”和“一般将来时”为主。 ③提示：需涵盖“政府助力新农村建设”“过去与现在的变化”“未来期望”三个核心要点，注意衔接自然。 [写作步骤] 第一步，描述过去“房屋破旧、环境脏乱、少有人来”的落后状态。 第二步，结合“政府帮扶”，写出“环境美化、住房改善、生活富足、游客增多”的新面貌。 第三步，结尾表达期望，希望家乡“持续整洁美丽，吸引更多人共建家乡”，升华主题。 [亮点词汇] ①take place发生 ②with the help of在……的帮助下 ③more and more越来越多 ④all over the country全国各地 [高分句型] ①Houses were small and old, with rubbish everywhere.（“with + 名词 + 副词”的复合结构） ②I hope my hometown will always stay clean and beautiful, so more people will be willing to come back home and build our hometown together.（so引导结果状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 1 Past and present单元测试 （时间：100分钟，满分：100分） 第一部分 选择题 一、单项选择(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 1．Betty thinks playing ______ violin is more interesting than playing ______ chess. A．/ ; the B．the; the C．/ ; / D．the; / 2．— ________ local people’s life, the government has built a sports centre and a youth centre here. —Great! There are more places for people to have fun. A．Improve B．Improving C．To improving D．To improve 3．The old woman lives ________ in a ________ village, and she feels ________ at times. A．alone; alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely; alone C．alone; lonely; alone D．alone; lonely; lonely 4．— I have ________ finished my homework. What about you? — I finished it ________. A．just；just B．just now；just now C．just；just now D．just now；just 5．—Look! How clean the classroom is! —Yes. I’m sure someone ________ it up. A．cleans B．is cleaning C．will clean D．has cleaned 6．The modern city is quite different from what it ____ some ways. A．was used to be in B．used to by C．used to be in D．was used to being in 7．When seeing the robots dancing on the 2025 Spring Festival Gala, we were glad to notice the fast ________ of science and technology in China. A．risk B．memory C．development D．excitement 8．Nowadays, many schools for chefs ________ teach ice sculpture. It is a creative way to make food look more interesting. A．quickly B．simply C．hardly D．certainly 9．—Why do we spend so much time on reading in class? —Because the ability to read and understand is ________ all learning. It helps you learn every subject better. A．at the heart of B．on the way to C．at the cost of D．at the speed of 10．—What do you think of my poster, Mr. Wang? —________. You can do anything well if you put your heart into it. A．Come on B．You’re welcome C．No problem D．Good job 二、完型填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读全文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Have you ever been to Saihanba? It is a very big forest 11 in Chengde, Hebei. In Mongolian, its name 12 the “beautiful highland”. Just as its name suggests, endless forests and grasslands are dotted with clear lakes. Saihanba 13 to be a royal (皇家的) hunting ground. During the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi liked Saihanba so much that he made 14 there a royal activity. In 1860, 15 a shortage (缺少) of money, the land was opened to all people. In the following years, cutting down trees and wildfires quickly 16 the forests and grasslands. By the 1950s, Saihanba had become poor land 17 animals or plants. The plans to rebuild a national 18 in Saihanba started in the 1960s. In 1961, a group of six scientists travelled to Saihanba and studied the possibility of 19 trees there. They 20 found one tree standing alone in the large land, which greatly encouraged them. From then on, they decided to 21 Saihanba into a new national forest. In the past 63 years, after overcoming (克服) the difficulties of planting trees in a very cold place, great 22 have taken place in Saihanba. The poor land has 23 a large and beautiful forest. Chinese people have created a true wonder in Saihanba over the past half-century. Today, Saihanba has been 24 as the “Emerald (绿宝石) of North China”. It is very important 25 Beijing’s water and air quality. It is also a natura l protection that can prevent sandstorms. 11．A．setting B．lying C．stepping D．leading 12．A．keeps B．realizes C．means D．replies 13．A．failed B．tried C．used D．agreed 14．A．climbing B．fishing C．jogging D．hunting 15．A．instead of B．according to C．thanks to D．because of 16．A．lost B．cut C．destroyed D．left 17．A．with B．to C．by D．without 18．A．museum B．forest C．wetland D．park 19．A．making B．building C．keeping D．growing 20．A．finally B．recently C．mainly D．nearly 21．A．carry B．come C．put D．turn 22．A．memories B．changes C．times D．conditions 23．A．found B．kept C．become D．made 24．A．lonely B．active C．perfect D．famous 25．A．for B．at C．with D．about 三、阅读单选(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Mike’s project As part of my history project on transport, I did some short interviews with people in my neighborhood. My first interview was with my friend Susan’s grandmother; Mrs. Sanderson. Question 1 How did you get to school when you were young? I walked to school with my friends, except for Fridays when we had to carry all of our things for school sports. Then we caught the bus. I enjoyed walking because we could chat on the way. I didn’t like it when it was raining though, but Mum always made sure I wore my raincoat and gumboots. On the other hand, I became a strong walker, and I believe that’s why I’ve been healthy all my life. Question 2 My parents drive me to school. Why didn’t you go to school by car? You know we were not rich enough at that time. We could not afford a car until after I had finished school. Question 3 How did you get around when you weren’t going to school? We often went for a family trip by train. Most weekends we went on picnics and I loved playing with my cousins in the park. The trip took much longer than it would take by car today; of course. Question 4 How do you get around now? I still love walking, but I need to drive my grandchildren around, so I mainly use my car. It is fast. 26．Mike interviewed Mrs. Sanderson by asking four questions in order to ________. A．know her daily life B．make his neighbourhood better C．finish his history project D．make friends 27．Which of the following is true about Mrs. Sanderson? A．She used to drive to school on wet days. B．She couldn’t answer all Mike’s questions. C．She didn’t like walking to school when young. D．She finds it quicker to get to places these days. 28．The best title of Mike’s finished project is probably ________. A．The Life of Mrs. Sanderson B．How Travelling Has Changed C．People in My Neighborhood D．The Importance of Being Healthy B Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 29．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 30．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 31．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 32．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. C Tom cycles on his new red bike and Jan follows. Five minutes later they’re both standing on top of the cliffs. They sit on the cliffs for an hour, talking about life in the 1970s and life in the 2010s. Tom listens to Jan’s description of Port Prime in the future and all the things people have. Jan says: “It must be difficult to live without mobile phones and the Internet”. “Why? We live OK without them.” “How do you find information for school or chat with friends?” “There are books and I can talk to my friends. How many friends do you have?” “Oh, I have 320 friends online.” Tom laughs. “How can you have 320 friends? When do you see them all?” “I don’t see them. They’re on the Internet.” “They don’t sound like real friends to me. How many real friends do you have, like Pauly and Jamie?” “I don’t know. There’s …Michael.” “That’s one. I don’t know, Jan. Life in the future doesn’t sound great. You don’t spend a lot of time with your parents. You’ve only one real friend. You can’t go out on your own. And you can’t cycle anywhere.” They both lie back on the grass, laughing. Jan and Tom get back to the house in time for tea and sandwiches. Then they watch TV. Jan laughs at Tom’s old black-and-white television. When she asks him for the remote control, Tom doesn’t know what she’s talking about. Tom’s dad comes into the room and sits down on an armchair. He lights a cigarette and starts smoking. Jan wants to tell about the dangers of smoking and the effects of passive smoking on the other people in the room but she doesn't. It’s best not to talk about the future with other people. It’s their secret. 33．What does the underlined word “cycle” mean? A．Ride. B．Drive. C．Walk. D．Take. 34．What are Jan and Tom talking about when they are sitting on the cliffs? A．Jan’s mum and dad. B．Pauly and Jamie. C．Life in the 1970s and 2010s. D．Tom’s mum and dad. 35．What does Tom think of the life without mobile phones and the Internet? A．Boring. B．OK. C．Dangerous. D．Interesting. 36．What can we infer from the passage? A．Jan lives a difficult life without mobile phones and the Internet now. B．Jan has three real friends, Pauly, Jamie and Michael. C．The TV in Tom’s house has no remote control. D．Jan will ask Tom to tell his father not to smoke, because it’s bad for his health. D At the Jinzhong National Agricultural High-Tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Shanxi Province, some truly “out-of-this-world” work is going on. Some upland rice seeds (旱稻种子) that experienced “space breeding (育种)” have grown up there. The upland rice seeds were taken to the Tiangong space station by the Shenzhou XVI members in May 2023. There, they experienced space radiation (辐射) and microgravity (微重力), which caused genetic mutations (基因突变). After spending more than 150 days in space, the seeds returned to Earth on Oct. 31. Scientists studied the mutations. They found that some of the mutations gave the seeds qualities that farmers prefer, such as higher production and faster growth without illness. “For space breeding, the space environment holds great value, which cannot be copied on Earth,” Professor Dong Qi from Shanxi Agricultural University said. “Traditional breeding usually takes eight to ten years, but space breeding could cut down the time by half,” he added. He explained that these space seeds may look the same on the outside but go through important changes on the inside. Space breeding, however, is not a simple task. Not all seeds mutate in space, so careful choice is the key. With the little space on the spacecraft, only the chosen seeds are sent. After space travel, the seeds still need to be tested for things like production, quality, and market value. In the end, only a few of the seeds pass the test to become true “space seeds”. The high-tech area in Jinzhong has long been working with China’s space programme. Located in Shanxi, which has dry weather, this is the perfect environment for growing and spreading new kinds of upland rice. The journey of Chinese crop seeds into space began in 1987. Since then, over 3,000 space breeding experiments have gone on,resulting in more than 240 main grain (谷物) kinds and over 400 new types of vegetables, fruits, trees, grasses, and flowers. 37．How long did the upland rice seeds stay in space? A．At least one year.B．For only a week. C．Less than two months. D．Around five months. 38．What can we infer from what Professor Dong Qi said? A．Traditional breeding is the same as the space breeding. B．Space breeding might take about four to five years. C．Space seeds look different both outside and inside. D．The environment on Earth is better than that in space. 39．How can the seeds become the true “space seeds”? ①The seeds are tested. ②The seeds are chosen. ③The seeds are sent to space. ④The seeds return from space. A．②③④① B．①②③④ C．②①④③ D．④①③② 40．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain why upland rice is important for farmers in dry areas like Shanxi. B．To describe how space breeding works and what makes it special. C．To tell the story of seeds that travelled to space and back with Shenzhou XVI. D．To show how scientists choose the best seeds after they return from space. 第二部分 非选择题 四、词汇应用(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 41．We decided to make an (采访) with our principal. 42．The little girl will travel (在国外) to learn more about art. 43．We should do our best to protect the (环境). 44．It’s said that two years has passed since the old man (死). 45．It was a good hotel （除了……以外）that it was rather noisy. 46．What do you think about the air (pollute) in your hometown? 47．He has got used to (live) in Nanjing these days. 48．It will be colder in the (north)part of China next week. 49．Mike has some hobbies, such as (collect) different kinds of match boxes. 50．On hearing the music, the lady couldn’t stop (miss) the beauty of the mountain view. 五、完成句子(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 51．贵州曾经交通不方便，但是现在很多城市都通了高铁。 Guizhou have poor transportation, but now many cities have high-speed trains. 52．在某种程度上，他的生活比以前好。 , his life is better than before. 53．魔术师可以点石成金吗? Can a magician a stone a gold? 54．对我们来说像以前一样经常见面已经变得不可能。 It has become for us to see each other before. 55．越来越多的人意识到AI的重要性。 More and more people the of AI. 六、短文填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mr Chen knows Sunshine Town very well 56 he has lived here since he was born. When he got 57 (marry), he and his wife moved two 58 (block) away from his parents. In the past, 59 (pollute) was a problem in the town. A steel factory often put the waste into the river. Later the government 60 (realize) the problem and took action 61 (improve) the situation. Now the river is much 62 (clean). Most of Mr Chen’s old friends have moved to other areas. It has become 63 (possible) for them to see each other as often as before. They used to 64 (play) cards and chess together. Now, Mr Chen feels a bit lonely from time to time, 65 he is happy to see the amazing changes in the town. 七、材料作文(本大题共15分) 66．假设你的家乡在政府的帮助下，坚持创建美丽新农村，近几年发生了巨大的变化。请以“The Changes in My Hometown”为题，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文（开头已给出，不计入总数），描述你的家乡从过去到现在的变化以及你对未来的期望。 The Changes in My Hometown My hometown has changed a lot over the years. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $