内容正文:
基础闯关01 词汇变形 (综合训练)
A开头
1. act v. 行动,做事→action n. 行动,行为→active adj. 积极的,活跃的→actor n. 演员→actress n. 女演员
→activity n. 活动
2. apologize v. 道歉→apology n. 道歉
3. anger n. 怒气,愤怒→angry adj. 生气的,愤怒的→angrily adv. 生气地
4. agree v. 同意→agreement n. 同意→disagree v. 不同意→disagreement n. 不同意
5. anxious adj. 焦急的,忧虑的→anxiously adv. 焦急地→anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑
6. attend vt. 出席,专心→attention n. 注意,专心→attentive adj. 专心的→attentively adv. 专心地
7. achieve vt. 实现,取得,达到→achievement n. 成就,达成
8. absence n. 缺席,不在→absent adj. 缺席的
9. arrival n. 到达,到来→arrive v. 到达,到来
10. able adj. 有能力的→ability n. 能力→unable adj. 不能的,不会的→disabled adj. 残疾的
→disable vt. 使伤残,使丧失能力
11. absolute adj. 完全的,绝对的→absolutely adv. 完全地,绝对地
12. accept vt. 接受,接纳→acceptable adj. 可接受的
13. add v. 增加,添加→addition n. 加,增加物→additional adj. 附加的,另外的
14. admit vt. 允许……进入, 接纳, 承认→admission n. 允许进入, 承认
15. advance v. 促进, 前进→advanced adj. 先进的, 高级的
16. advertise v. 登广告, 宣传→advertisement n. 广告
17. actual adj. 真实的,实际的→actually adv. 事实上,实际上
18. amuse v. 使开心, 逗笑→amusing adj. 逗人发笑的→amusement n. 娱乐, 乐趣
19. announce v. 宣布, 宣告→announcer n. 播音员→announcement n. 宣告, 通告
20. apply v. 应用, 申请→applicant n. 申请人→application n. 申请, 应用
21. appear vi. 出现→appearance n. 出现,外貌→disappear vi. 消失→disappearance n. 消失
22. attract v. 吸引→attraction n. 吸引
23. amaze v. 使惊奇→amazing adj. 令人吃惊的→amazed adj. 吃惊的→amazement n. 吃惊
24. brave adj. 勇敢的, 无畏的→bravely adv. 勇敢地→bravery n. 勇敢, 大胆
B开头
1. bright adj. 明亮的, 聪明的→brightly adv. 明亮地, 闪烁地→brightness n. 明亮, 聪明→brighten v. 发光, 发亮
2. basic adj. 基础的,基本的→base n. 基础,基地
3. beautifully adv. 美丽地,漂亮地→beautiful adj. 美丽的,漂亮的→beauty n. 漂亮,美人
4. believe v. 相信→believable adj. 可信的→unbelievable adj. 难以置信的→belief n. 信仰,信心
5. build v. 建造/筑, 建立→building n. 建筑(物), 房屋
C开头
1. care n. 照顾,小心 v. 在意,关心→careful adj. 小心的, 仔细的→carefully adv. 仔细地
→carefulness n. 细心→careless adj. 粗心的, 大意的→carelessness n. 粗心大意
2. celebrate v. 庆祝→celebration n. 庆祝活动, 庆典
3. centre n. 中心点,中央→central adj. 中心的,中央的
4. challenge v. 向……挑战→challenging adj. 具有挑战性的
5. child n. 儿童,孩子→children(复数) n. 孩子们→childhood n. 童年, 幼年(时代)
6. colour n. 颜色, 色彩→colourful adj. 色彩丰富的
7. communicate v. 交流,沟通,传达→communication n. 交际, 交流, 通信
8. compete vi. 竞争,比赛→competitor n. 参赛者→competition n. 竞争, 比赛
9. confident adj. 自信的,有信心的→confidently adv. 自信地,确信地→confidence n. 信任, 信心,自信
10. consider v. 考虑, 体谅→considerate adj. 体贴的,考虑周到的→consideration n. 考虑, 体谅
11. correct v. 改正, 修改 adj. 正确的,恰当的→correctly adv. 正确地,恰当地→correction n. 改正,修正
→incorrect adj. 不正确的,不恰当的
12. crowd n. 人群 v. 拥挤→crowded adj. 拥挤的
13. culture n. 文化,文明→cultural adj. 文化上的→culturally adv. 从文化上
14. curious adj. 好奇的,求知欲强的→curiously adv. 好奇地,奇妙地→curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲
15. chemist n. 化学家→chemical adj. 化学的→chemistry n. 化学
16. certain adj. 肯定的, 有把握的→certainly adv. 肯定地, 当然
17. choose v. 选择→choice n. 选择
18. conclude v. 推断出→conclusion n. 结论,推论→conclusive adj. 结论性的
19. complete v. 完成 adj. 完全的,完整→completely adv. 完全地,完整地
20. connect v. 联系,连接→connection n. 联系,连接
21. comfort v. 安慰→comfortable adj. 舒适的,舒服的→comfortably adv. 舒适地,舒服地
→uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的
D开头
1. die v. 死(亡)→death n. 死亡→dead adj. 死的→dying adj. 临死的→deadly adj. 致命的
2. distant adj. 遥远的→distance n. 距离,遥远
3. dirt n. 污垢,泥土→dirty adj. 脏的
4. develop v. 发展,开发→development n. 发展,开发→developing adj. 发展中的→developed adj. 发达的
5. difficult adj. 困难的,难懂的→difficulty n. 困难,难事
6. dark adj. 黑色的,黑暗的→darkness n. 黑暗
7. direct adj. 直接的→direction n. 方向,操作指南→directly adv. 直接地
8. danger n. 危险→dangerous adj. 危险的
9. discuss v. 讨论,商议→discussion n. 讨论,商议
10. discover v. 发现→discovery n. 发现
E开头
1. excite v. 使激动,使兴奋→excited adj. 激动的,兴奋的→exciting adj. 使人激动的,兴奋的
→excitedly adv. 激动地,兴奋地→excitement n. 激动,兴奋
2. encourage vt. 鼓励,激励→encouragement n. 鼓励,激励
3. exact adj. 精确的,准确的→exactly adv. 精确的,恰好,正是
4. enter v. 进入, 加入→entrance n. 入口,(大学等的)进入许可
5. express v. 表示,表达→expression n. 表示,表达
6. easy adj. 容易的→easily adv. 容易地
7. explain v. 解释,说明→explanation n. 解释,说明
8. expect v. 期待,预计→expectation n. 期待,预计
9. edit v. 编辑,校订→editor n. 编辑→edition n. 版本
10. educate v. 教育,培养→educated adj. 受过教育的,有教养的→education n. 教育,培养
11. employ v. 雇佣→employer n. 雇用者,老板→employee n. 雇员→employment n. 雇佣
12. equip v. 装备,配备→equipment n. 装备,设备
13. exist v. 存在→existence n. 存在
F开头
1. fail v. 失败→failure n. 失败
2. fright n. 惊吓,恐怖→frighten v. 吓唬→frightened adj. 受惊的→frightening adj. 令人害怕的,吓人的
3. free v. 解释,使自由 adj. 免费的,自由的→freedom n. 自由→freely adv. 自由地
4. fool n. 傻子 v. 愚弄,欺骗→foolish adj. 愚蠢的
5. fortune n. 巨款,运气→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortunately adv. 幸运地→unfortunately adj. 不幸地
6. friend n. 朋友→friendly adj. 友好的→friendship n. 友谊,友情
7. forget v. 忘记→forgetful adj. 健忘的,好忘事的→unforgettable adj. 难以忘怀的,令人难忘的
G开头
1. graduate v. 毕业 n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业
2.gradual adj. 逐渐的→gradually adv. 逐渐地
3. gentle adj. 温柔的,温和的→gently adv. 温柔地,温和地
4. grate n. 感激→grateful adj. 感激的, 感谢的→gratefully adv. 感激地
H开头
1. happy adj. 幸福的,高兴的→happily adv. 幸福地,高兴地→happiness n. 幸福,快乐
→unhappy adj. 不快乐的,不幸福的,不满意的
2. high adj. 高的;adv. 高→height n. 身高,高度
3. health n. 健康→healthy adj. 健康的→healthily adv. 健康地→unhealthy adj. 不健康的
48. harm v./n. 伤害,损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的
5. help n./vt. 帮助→helpful adj. 有帮助的, 有益的→helpless adj. 无助的
6. hope n./vt. 希望→hopeful adj. 有希望的→hopefully adv. 满怀希望地→hopeless adj. 没有希望的
7. hunger n. 饥饿→hungry adj. 饥饿的
I开头
1. important adj. 重要的→importance n. 重要
2. interest n. 兴趣,利益→interesting adj. 有趣的,引起兴趣的→interested adj. 感兴趣的
3. imagine v. 想象, 设想→imagination n. 想象,想象力
4. ill adj. 生病的→illness n. 疾病
5. invent vt. 发明,创造→invention n. 发明,创造→inventor n. 发明家
6. invite vt. 邀请→invitation n. 邀请,请帖
7. introduce v. 介绍;引进→introduction n. 引进,介绍
J开头
1. judge n. 裁判,法官 v. 判断,断定→judgment n. 判断力,判决
K开头
2. kind adj. 和蔼的,仁慈的→kindly adv. 和蔼地,仁慈地→kindness n. 仁慈,和蔼
L开头
1. late adj. 迟的,晚的 adv. 迟,晚→later adv. 以后,后来→latest adj. 最新的,最近的
2. live v. 生活,居住 adj. 活的→lively adj. 生动的,活泼的→living adj. 活的,活着的→life n. 生命
3. love v./n. 爱,喜爱→lovely adj. 可爱的
4. lead v. 引领,导致→leader n. 领袖,领导人
5. long adj. 长的→length n. 长度→lengthen v. (使)加长
6. luck n. 运气, 好运→lucky adj. 幸运的→luckily adv. 幸运地→unlucky adj. 不幸的→unluckily adv. 不幸地
7. laugh v. 笑 n. 笑,笑声→laughter n. 笑;笑声
8. loud adj. 大声的→loudly adv. 大声地
M开头
1. main adj. 主要的→mainly adv. 主要地,大部分
2. manage v. 管理, 经营, 设法完成→management n. 管理, 经营→manager n. 经理
3. mean v. 意思是,意味着→means n. 方式→meaning n. 意思,意义→meaningful adj. 有意义的
4. medical adj. 医学的→medicine n. 药,医学
5. mistake n. 错误→mistaken adj. 错误的
6. mix v. 混合,搅匀→mixture n. 混合物
7. mountain n. 山→mountainous adj. 多山的
8.move v. 移动,搬家,感动→moving adj. 感人的→movement n. 移动,运动
N开头
1. nature n. 自然,本性,天性→natural adj. 自然的,天然的→naturally adv. 自然地,天然地
2. nation n. 国家→national adj. 国家的→nationality n. 民族,国籍
3. noise n. 噪音→noisy adj. 喧闹的
O开头
4. operate v. 动手术,操作→operation n. 手术, 操作
5. office n. 办公室,重要职务→officer n. 军官,官员→official adj. 官方的,正式的→officially adv. 官方地
6. open adj. 开着的, 开放的 v. 打开→opening n. 开始
7. obvious adj. 显然的→obviously adv. 显然地,明显地
P开头
8. physics n. 物理学→physicist n. 物理学家→physical adj. 身体的→physically adv. 身体上
9. piano n. 钢琴→pianist n. 钢琴家
10. please v. 使人高兴→pleasure n. 愉快→pleased adj. 高兴的→pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
11. pollute v. 弄脏,污染→pollution n. 污染→polluted adj. 受污染的
12. possible adj. 可能的→possibly adv. 可能,或许→possibility n. 可能性
13. power n. 力量,能力,权力→powerful adj. 有力的,强大的→powerfully adv. 强有力地
14. practice n. 实践,练习→practise v. 实践,练习→practical adj. 实用的,实际的
15. press v. 压,挤,按→pressure n. 压力
16. pronounce v. 发音,读音→pronunciation n. 发音,读音
17. person n. 人→personal adj. 个人的,私人的→personally adv. 就个人而言,亲自→personality n. 个性
18. peace n. 和平,平静→peaceful adj. 和平的,平静的→peacefully adv. 和平地,平静地
19. punish v. 惩罚,处罚→punishment n. 惩罚,处罚
20. pain n. 疼痛→painful adj. 疼痛的→painfully adv. 痛苦地
21. patient n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的→patience n. 耐心
22. perform v. 表演,执行→performer n. 表演者→performance n. 表演,表现
R开头
1. real adj. 真的→really adv. 真正地,确实→reality n. 现实→realize vt. 实现,认识到
2. recent adj. 新近的,近来的→recently adv. 近来
3. reason n. 理由,原因→reasonable adj. 有道理的,合情合理的→reasonably adv. 合情合理地
4. regular adj. 规则的,有规律的→regularly adv. 规则地,有规律地→irregular adj. 不规则的,无规律的
S开头
1. sad adj. 难过的,悲哀的,悲伤的→sadly adv. 悲伤地,伤心地→sadness n. 难过,悲伤
2. safe adj. 安全的→safely adv. 安全地,平安地→safety n. 安全,平安→save v. 挽救,节约
3. satisfy v. 使满足,满足→satisfying adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的,满足的→satisfaction n. 满足
4. science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家→scientific adj. 科学的
5. secret n. 秘密 adj. 秘密的→secretly adv. 秘密地
6. separate v. 使分开 adj. 单独的,分开的→separately adv. 单独地,分别地→separation n. 分离,分开
7. serve v. 服务,服役,端上(菜)→service n. 服务→servant n. 仆人,佣人
8. silent adj. 寂静的,沉默的→silently adv. 寂静地,沉默地→silence n. 寂静,沉默
9. simple adj. 简单的,简朴的→simply adv. 简单地,简朴地
10. slight adj. 轻微的,微小的→slightly adv. 稍微
11.slow adj. 慢慢的→slowly adv. 慢慢地
12. social adj. 社会的→society n. 社会
13. strong adj. 强壮的,结实的→strongly adv. 强烈地→strength n. 力量,力气→strengthen vt. 加强,增强
14. success n. 成功,成就→succeed v. 成功→successful adj. 有成就的→successfully adv. 成功地
15. sudden adj. 突然的,忽然的 →suddenly adv. 忽然,突然
16. sure adj. 确信,有把握→surely adv. 确实地,一定
17. serious adj. 严重的; 认真的→seriously adv. 认真地,严重地,严肃地
T开头
1. technique n. 技术,技能,工艺→technical adj. 技术上的
2. terrible adj. 可怕的,糟糕的→terribly adv. 非常糟地→terrified adj. 非常害怕的→terrifying adj. 可怕的,恐怖的
3. thank v. 谢谢,感谢→thanks n. 谢谢,感谢→thankful adj. 感谢的,感激的
4. tire v. 使劳累,使疲劳→tiring adj. 劳累的,令人疲劳的→tired adj. 厌倦的, 累的
5. true adj. 真的,真实的,真正的→truly adv. 确实→truth n. 真理,真相
U开头
1. use v. 使用 n. 用途→useful adj. 有用的→useless adj. 无用的→used adj. 用过的
2. usual adj. 通常的,平常的→usually adv. 通常地,平常地→unusual adj. 不平常的,异常的
V开头
1. value n. 价值,益处,重要性 v. 重视,珍视→valuable adj. 有价值的,值钱的
2. visit v./n. 访问,参观,看望→visitor n. 访问者,参观者
3. vary v. 不同→variety n. 种类→various adj. 各种各样的
W开头
1. weak adj. 虚弱的→weakness n. 虚弱→weaken v. 使变弱
2. weigh v. 重,称……的重量→weight n. 重量
3. wide adj. 宽的,宽阔的,广泛的→widen v. 使变宽→widely adv. 广泛地
4. wind n. 风→windy adj. 有风的
5. wonder v. 想知道,对……感到疑惑;n. 奇迹,奇观→wonderful adj. 极好的,精彩的
6. worry v. 担心,忧虑→worried adj. 担心的,焦虑的
7. worth adj. 值得……的, 有价值的→worthy adj. 值得……的
8. wood n. 木头→wooden adj. 木制的
Y开头
1.young adj. 年轻的,青年的→youth n. 青年
语法词汇变形
复数名词的特殊变法
改f/fe为v再加-es构成复数的名词
half
halves
wolf
wolves
特殊
leaf
leaves
thief
thieves
roof
roofs
loaf
loaves
knife
knives
chief
chiefs
shelf
shelves
life
lives
belief
beliefs
scarf
scarves
wife
wives
③复数不规则变化的名词
Chinese
Chinese
foot
feet
fireman
firemen
Japanese
Japanese
tooth
teeth
policeman
policemen
fish
fish/fishes
goose
geese
salesman
salesmen
sheep
sheep
child
children
man
men
deer
deer
mouse
mice
woman
women
passer-by
passers-by
数词与序数词不规则变化表
one→first
two→second
three→third
four→fourth
five→fifth
six→sixth
seven→seventh
eight→eighth
nine→ninth
ten→tenth
eleven→eleventh
twelve→twelfth
thirteen→thirteenth
fourteen→fourteenth
fifteen→fifteenth
sixteen→sixteenth
seventeen→seventeenth
eighteen→eighteenth
nineteen→nineteenth
twenty→twentieth
thirty→thirtieth
forty→fortieth
fifty→fiftieth
sixty→sixtieth
seventy→seventieth
eighty→eightieth
ninety→ninetieth
hundred
thousand
million
形容词与副词不规则变化表
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
ill/bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
各人称的不同代词形式
类别
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
第一
人称
单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第一 人称
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三 人称
单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
动词的五种基本形式变化表
形式
构成
例词
动词原形
不带to的动词不定式形式,也就是词典中一般给出的形式
be, have, do, learn
第三人称单数形式
一般情况下在动词原形后加-s
runs, likes
以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词后加-es
teach-teaches, wash-washes
go-goes, pass-passes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变成i,再加-es
study-studies, carry-carries
不规则变化
have-has, be-is
现在分词
一般情况下在动词后加-ing
read-reading, cook-cooking
以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加-ing
live-living, write-writing
以重读闭音节结尾的词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母后,再加-ing
sit-sitting, begin-beginning
以ie结尾的动词把变ie为y,再加-ing
die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying
过去式和
过去分词
(规则变化)
一般情况下在动词原形后加-ed
work-worked
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先将y变i,再加-ed
carry-carried, study-studied
以不发音的e结尾的动词,直接加-d
live-lived,
以重读闭音节结尾的词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母后,再加-ed
stop-stopped, plan-planned
三.动词不规则变化表
1. A—A—A型(共10个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
花费
cost
cost
cost
切;割
cut
cut
cut
撞;击
hit
hit
hit
伤害
hurt
hurt
hurt
让
let
let
let
放
put
put
put
读;阅读
read
read
read
设置
set
set
set
关闭
shut
shut
shut
传播
spread
spread
spread
2. A—B—A型(共3个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
变成
become
became
become
来
come
came
come
跑
run
ran
run
3. A—B—B型(共46个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
带来
bring
brought
brought
建造
build
built
built
燃烧
burn
burned/burnt
burned/burnt
买
buy
bought
bought
捉;抓
catch
caught
caught
处理
deal
dealt
dealt
挖
dig
dug
dug
做梦
dream
dreamed/dreamt
dreamed/dreamt
喂养
feed
fed
fed
感到
feel
felt
felt
斗争
fight
fought
fought
发现;找到
find
found
found
得到
get
got
got
挂
hang
hung
hung
有
have
had
had
听到
hear
heard
heard
拥有
hold
held
held
保持
keep
kept
kept
放置;下蛋
lay
laid
laid
领导
lead
led
led
学习
learn
learned/learnt
learned/learnt
离开
leave
left
left
借给
lend
lent
lent
丢失
lose
lost
lost
制造
make
made
made
意思是
mean
meant
meant
遇见
meet
met
met
付费
pay
paid
paid
说
say
said
said
卖
sell
sold
sold
派遣
send
sent
sent
照耀
shine
shone/shined
shone/shined
坐
sit
sat
sat
睡觉
sleep
slept
slept
闻到
smell
smelled/smelt
smelled/smelt
加速
speed
sped
sped
花费
spend
spent
spent
拼写
spell
spelled/spelt
spelled/spelt
站立
stand
stood
stood
粘住
stick
stuck
stuck
扫;打扫
sweep
swept
swept
教
teach
taught
taught
告诉
tell
told
told
认为
think
thought
thought
理解
understand
understood
understood
赢
win
won
won
4. A—B—C型(共42个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
是
am,is
was
been
是
are
were
been
唤醒
awake
awoke
awoken
忍受
bear
bore
borne
开始
begin
began
begun
吹
blow
blew
blown
打碎
break
broke
broken
可以
can
could
/
选择
choose
chose
chosen
做
do
did
done
画
draw
drew
drawn
喝
drink
drank
drunk
开车
drive
drove
driven
吃
eat
ate
eaten
落下
fall
fell
fallen
飞
fly
flew
flown
忘记
forget
forgot
forgotten
给
give
gave
given
去
go
went
gone
生长
grow
grew
grown
隐藏
hide
hid
hidden
知道
know
knew
known
躺;平放;位于
lie
lay
lain
可能
may
might
/
误解
mistake
mistook
mistaken
骑车
ride
rode
ridden
打电话
ring
rang
rung
升起
rise
rose
risen
看见
see
saw
seen
摇动
shake
shook
shaken
应该
shall
should
/
表明
show
showed
shown
唱
sing
sang
sung
说
speak
spoke
spoken
偷窃
steal
stole
stolen
游泳
swim
swam
swum
带走
take
took
taken
扔
throw
threw
thrown
醒;醒来
wake
woke
woken
穿
wear
wore
worn
将要
will
would
/
写
write
wrote
written
5. A—A—B型(共1个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
打败
beat
beat
beaten
(考试时间:60分钟 试卷满分:100分)
一.用所给词的正确形式填空(70分)
1.The young often invites children to join his art activities, helping them develop an interest in painting. (art)
【答案】artist
【详解】句意:这位年轻的艺术家经常邀请孩子们参加他的艺术活动,帮助他们培养对绘画的兴趣。根据“The young…often invites children to join his art activities”可知,此处指从事艺术的人,应用名词artist,意为“艺术家”。根据谓语动词invites是第三人称单数形式可知,主语应用单数形式。故填artist。
2.The government has built two more water treatment to improve the water quality. (factory)
【答案】factories
【详解】句意:政府又建造了两个水处理厂来改善水质。根据“two more”可知,此处应用名词的复数形式;factory意为“工厂”,其复数形式为factories。故填factories。
3.Old photos bring back memories of and happiness. (free)
【答案】freedom
【详解】句意:老照片唤起关于自由和幸福的回忆。空格前是介词“of”,且与后面的名词happiness“幸福”并列,所以此处需要填名词;所给词“free”是形容词,意为“自由的”,其名词形式是freedom“自由”,不可数。故填freedom。
4.The peace-keeping from different countries work together in dangerous areas. (army)
【答案】armies
【详解】句意:来自不同国家的维和部队在危险地区共同工作。army“军队”,根据“from different countries work together”可知此处指来自不同国家的维和部队,应用复数形式armies。故填armies。
5.Jack measured the of the table to calculate how much material would be needed. (long)
【答案】length
【详解】句意:杰克测量了桌子的长度以计算需要多少材料。根据“the ... of the table”可知此处指桌子的长度,long的名词形式是length,意为“长度”。故填length。
6.As an officer at the airport, he has to every traveler’s passport carefully. (exam)
【答案】examine
【详解】句意:作为一名机场官员,他必须仔细检查每位旅客的护照。根据“has to”可知,此处需填入动词原形,表示“检查”的动作。exam的动词形式为“examine”,意为“检查”。故填examine。
7.Let him (fly) kites with you today.
【答案】fly
【详解】句意:让他今天和你一起放风筝吧。let sb. do sth.意为 “让某人做某事”,故此处应填动词原形,故填fly。
8.Some wild animals may (appear) forever if we don’t stop hunting them.
【答案】disappear
【详解】句意:如果我们不停止狩猎,一些野生动物可能会永远消失。根据“if we don’t stop hunting them”可知是如果不停止狩猎,一些野生动物可能会消失,disappear“消失”,情态动词may后加动词原形。故填disappear。
9.When making a fruit salad, you’d better (use) fresh fruit.
【答案】use
【详解】句意:制作水果沙拉时,你最好用新鲜水果。you’d better是you had better的缩写形式,had better do sth.是固定搭配,意为“最好做某事”,其后需接动词原形。故填use。
10.It’s to talk loudly in public places, but many people always seem to forget that. (polite)
【答案】impolite
【详解】句意:在公共场所大声说话是不礼貌的,但很多人似乎总是忘记这一点。根据提示可知,此处需用polite的变形,结合“在公共场所大声说话”的语境,应使用其否定形式impolite(不礼貌的),且符合It’s + adj. + to do sth.的句型要求,故填impolite。
11.Andy was to know that his science project won the first prize. (surprise)
【答案】surprised
【详解】句意:安迪得知他的科学项目获得了一等奖,感到很惊讶。主语“Andy”是人,表达“感到惊讶的”要用形容词surprised,与系动词“was”构成系表结构。故填surprised。
12.The National Museum offers tickets to students every Monday. (freedom)
【答案】free
【详解】句意:国家博物馆每周一为学生提供免费门票。根据“tickets”可知,横线处需填形容词修饰名词,freedom“自由”,名词,其形容词形式为free“免费的”。故填free。
13.As students spend more time in front of screens, their eyesight becomes . (bad)
【答案】worse
【详解】句意:随着学生们花更多时间面对屏幕,他们的视力变得更差了。根据“their eyesight becomes”可知,此处指视力变得更差,应用bad的比较级形式worse。故填worse。
14.All the people in the hall kept (silence) when the headmaster was speaking.
【答案】silent
【详解】句意:校长讲话时,大厅里所有人都保持安静。根据“keep”可知,此处需用形容词作表语,silence的形容词形式是silent“安静的”。故填silent。
15.Using a password manager is a much way to protect your online accounts. (safe)
【答案】safer
【详解】句意:使用密码管理器是保护你的在线账户的一个更安全的方法。根据“a much…way”可知,横线处需填形容词比较级,safe“安全的”,形容词,其比较级形式为safer。故填safer。
16.The door and the windows were locked. It was for the thief to escape.(possible)
【答案】impossible
【详解】句意:门和窗户都锁上了,小偷不可能逃出去。possible意为“可能的”,根据前半句“The door and the windows were locked.”的语境,可知门和窗户都锁上了,小偷不可能逃出去,此处应填其反义词,possible的反义词是impossible,意为“不可能的”,故填impossible。
17.It is really (polite) and even rude to take photos of others without their permission.
【答案】impolite
【详解】句意:未经他人允许就给别人拍照是不礼貌的,甚至是粗鲁的。根据“and even rude”可知,未经他人允许就给别人拍照是不礼貌的,polite“礼貌的”,其反义词impolite“不礼貌的”符合语境,形容词作表语。故填impolite。
18.The movie is so that everyone likes it. (excite)
【答案】exciting
【详解】句意:这部电影如此令人兴奋以至于每个人都喜欢它。根据“is so...that”可知,此处使用形容词作表语,修饰物用exciting,意为“令人兴奋的”,表示“电影令人兴奋”。故填exciting。
19.Tom stayed up late yesterday evening, so he felt (sleep) today.
【答案】sleepy
【详解】句意:汤姆昨晚熬夜了,所以他今天感觉很困。根据“Tom stayed up late yesterday evening”可知,熬夜了,所以今天会困,feel为系动词,其后跟形容词,sleep的形容词为sleepy“困倦的”。故填sleepy。
20. , my laptop crashed last night, so I had to stay up late to rewrite the report. (unlucky)
【答案】Unluckily
【详解】句意:不幸的是,我的笔记本电脑昨晚崩溃了,所以我得熬夜重写报告。根据“..., my laptop crashed last night, so I had to stay up late to rewrite the report.”以及所给单词可知,应填unlucky的副词形式unluckily“不幸地、不幸的是”,作状语,句首首字母大写。故填Unluckily。
21.Professor Wang thanked everyone who helped with the project. (personal)
【答案】personally
【详解】句意:王教授亲自感谢了所有参与这个项目的人。根据“thanked”可知,横线处需填副词修饰动词,personal“个人的”,形容词,其副词形式为personally。故填personally。
22.—Suzy used to take second place in exams. (luck), she came top in this exam.
—Good things come to those who work hard.
【答案】Luckily
【详解】句意:——苏西过去考试得第二名。幸运的是,她这次考试得了第一名。——好东西总是属于那些努力工作的人。根据提示可知:此处需用提示词luck的副词形式,修饰整个句子;luck的副词形式是luckily,句中首字母需大写。故填Luckily。
23.The AI technology has developed and it makes our life more convenient. (quick)
【答案】quickly
【详解】句意:人工智能技术发展很迅速,使我们的生活更加便利。缺少副词修饰动词developed,quick的副词quickly“快速地,迅速地”。故填quickly。
24.You can experience all the water sports, or (simple) lie on the beach, doing nothing.
【答案】simply
【详解】句意:你可以体验所有的水上运动,或者就简单地躺在沙滩上,什么都不做。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词lie,simple是形容词,其副词形式是simply,表示“简单地;仅仅;只是”,符合句子中描述以轻松、简单的方式躺在沙滩上的语境。故填simply。
25.Remember to always check . Your score will be perfect! (two)
【答案】twice
【详解】句意:记住一定要检查两次。你的分数会是完美的!check后接副词表示检查频率或次数,two是数词,不用作副词,twice表示“两次”符合语义。故填twice。
26.After winning the game, the team felt very proud of . (they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:赢得比赛后,团队为他们自己感到非常自豪。feel proud of oneself“为自己感到自豪”,为常用短语,此处需用反身代词themselves“他们自己”作宾语。故填themselves。
27.Lucy introduced before the welcome party. (she)
【答案】herself
【详解】句意:露西在欢迎派对开始前做了自我介绍。she“她”,人称代词主格,本句的主语是Lucy,谓语动词introduce的对象也是Lucy本人,主语和宾语指代同一人时,需要用反身代词herself。故填herself。
28.The Browns have repaired the house and are going to move into it soon. (they)
【答案】themselves
【详解】句意:布朗一家自己把房子修好了,不久就要搬进去住。根据“The Browns have repaired the house...”以及所给单词可知,应填they的反身代词形式themselves“他们自己”,作同位语,表示强调。故填themselves。
29.This blue schoolbag is mine and that pink one is (her).
【答案】hers
【详解】句意:这个蓝色书包是我的,那个粉色的是她的。根据“This blue schoolbag is mine and that pink one is.”以及所给单词可知,此处需填her的名词性物主代词形式hers“她的”,用来指代“她的书包”。故填hers。
30.Don’t be too hard on . Just make sure you try your best. (you)
【答案】yourself
【详解】句意:不要对自己太苛刻。只要确保你尽了最大的努力。根据“Just make sure you try your best.”可知,只要确保你尽了最大的努力,此处应是指不要对自己太苛刻,应用反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
31.This is the time our city has held the International Marathon. (five)
【答案】fifth
【详解】句意:这是我们城市第五次举办国际马拉松比赛。根据“This is the…time”可知,横线处需填序数词,five“五”,基数词,其序数词形式为fifth。the fifth time“第五次”。故填fifth。
32.How did you celebrate your birthday? (fourteen)
【答案】fourteenth
【详解】句意:你是如何庆祝你的十四岁生日的?fourteen“十四”,基数词;修饰名词“birthday”表示第几个生日,需用序数词fourteenth“第十四”。故填fourteenth。
33. students will take part in the final of the memory competition. (twelfth)
【答案】Twelve
【详解】句意:将有12名学生参加记忆比赛的决赛。此处应用基数词修饰名词students,表示数量。twelfth的基数词是twelve“十二”。故填Twelve。
34.With the help of AI, two of the time will be saved when dealing with such problems. (three)
【答案】 thirds
【详解】句意:在人工智能的帮助下,我们处理此类问题时将节省三分之二的时间。考查分数表达。分数表达规则:分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子>1时,分母要加s,所以三分之二表示为“two thirds”。故填thirds。
35.My grandfather took up swimming in his (sixty) in order to stay healthy.
【答案】sixties
【详解】句意:我祖父为了保持健康,六十多岁时开始学游泳。“in one’s+整十数的复数形式”,表示“在某人几十岁的时候”,这里说在他六十多岁的时候,所以用sixties。故填sixties。
36.We “Low-Carbon Life” activities every month to protect the environment. (organization)
【答案】organize
【详解】句意:我们每个月都组织“低碳生活”活动来保护环境。句子缺少谓语动词,名词“organization”对应的动词是organize;主语是“we”,时态为一般现在时,用动词原形即可,在句中作谓语,符合语法和语境。故填organize。
37.It (remain) unknown whether this idea can be put into practice.
【答案】remains
【详解】句意:这个想法能否付诸实践还不得而知。remain“仍然是”,是动词;句子描述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,主语是it,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填remains。
38.Mr. Li told us the sunlight we are used to seven different colours. (include)
【答案】includes
【详解】句意:李先生告诉我们,我们习惯的阳光有七种不同的颜色。分析句子结构可知,空处为宾语从句的谓语部分,此处表示事实,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“the sunlight”,动词用三单形式。故填includes。
39.The gas terrible, and we can hardly bear the . (smell)
【答案】 smells smell
【详解】句意:这种气体散发出难闻的气味,我们几乎无法忍受这种味道。第一空缺少动词,根据后半句可知前半句也应为一般现在时,主语为gas,动词用第三人称单数形式smells;bear the后应用名词,这里特指某一种气味,故用名词单数形式smell。故填smells;smell。
40.Many people came to help as soon as they the news. (hear)
【答案】heard
【详解】句意:许多人一听到消息就来帮忙了。根据“came...as soon as...”可知,as soon as引导的时间状语从句中,若主句为过去时,从句通常用一般过去时表示同时或紧接着发生的动作。故空处需动词过去式。故填heard。
41.An apple from the tree and hit me on my way home. (fall)
【答案】fell
【详解】句意:在我回家的路上一个苹果从树上掉下来,砸到了我。根据“on my way home”可知,该句的时态是一般过去时,故动词要用过去式,fall“落下”的过去式是fell。故填fell。
42.Jessica (study) hard for her Chinese test and got good grades.
【答案】studied
【详解】句意:杰西卡为语文考试努力学习,并取得了好成绩。根据“Jessica...hard for her Chinese test and got good grades.”可知,句子中“and”连接两个并列谓语动词“study”和“got”,时态需保持一致。“got”是一般过去时,因此“study”也应用过去式“studied”。故填studied。
43.Some people will (success) in their efforts to stop smoking.
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意:一些人在努力戒烟的过程中会取得成功。结合语境,此句中“will”后需接动词原形构成一般将来时,“success”对应的动词形式是“succeed”,“succeed in (doing) sth”是固定搭配,意思是“在(做)某事方面取得成功”。故填succeed。
44.The concert (begin) at 8:00 p. m. Make sure you arrive early.
【答案】begins/will begin
【详解】句意:音乐会晚上8点开始。确保你早点到。begin“开始”,动词;此句可用一般现在时表示“音乐会晚上8点开始”是既定安排,主语“The concert”为第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式begins;也可用一般将来时的will do结构表示“开始”是将来时间要发生的动作。故填begins/will begin。
45.The teacher with the students (dig) the holes to plant trees now.
【答案】is digging
【详解】句意:老师和学生们现在正在挖坑种树。根据句末的now可知,这句话应该用现在进行时,谓语动词应该是be+动词的ing形式。这句话的主语是the teacher,其后“with the students”是介词短语作伴随状语,不影响主语的单复数所以谓语动词应该用单数is。故填is digging。
46.Let’s go and see who (sing) in the music room.
【答案】is singing
【详解】句意:我们去看看谁在音乐室唱歌。根据“Let’s go and see who...in the music room.”可知,此处说明说话的同时正在有人唱歌,所以时态要用现在进行时,其结构为be+动词的现在分词形式。who开头的句子一般看做单数,所以be用is,动词sing的现在分词形式是singing。故填is singing。
47.Wait a moment, please. I (do) the dishes. Can we talk about it later?
【答案】am doing
【详解】句意:请稍等。我正在洗碗。我们能稍后再谈这件事吗? 根据“Wait a moment, please.”和“Can we talk about it later?”可知,这里强调此时此刻正在进行的动作,要用现在进行时(be + 动词现在分词)。主语I对应的be动词是am,do的现在分词是doing。故填am doing。
48.When I got home, my mother (cook) our supper.
【答案】was cooking
【详解】句意:当我到家时,我妈妈正在做我们的晚餐。“when I got home”是过去的一个时间点,在这个时间点妈妈正在做饭,所以用过去进行时。“my mother”是第三人称单数,be动词用“was”,“cook”的现在分词是“cooking”,“was cooking”在句中作谓语。故填was cooking。
49.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Tom?
—I (study) for the exam in my bedroom, so I didn’t hear the knock.
【答案】was studying
【详解】句意:——Tom,你为什么没有给我开门?——我在卧室里准备考试,所以没听见敲门声。根据语境,当敲门声响起时,Tom正在卧室里为考试复习,表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。主语是第一人称单数,助动词用was,study的现在分词是studying。故填was studying。
50.The children (fly) kites in the park at that time yesterday.
【答案】were flying
【详解】句意:昨天那个时候孩子们正在公园里放风筝。根据“at that time yesterday”可知,句子描述的是过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作,要用过去进行时态,其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。句子主语“The children”是复数,所以be动词用were,fly的现在分词是flying,故填were flying。
51.I have (be) a member of the art club since last September.
【答案】been
【详解】句意:自去年九月以来,我一直是艺术俱乐部的成员。根据“since last September”可知,这句话是现在完成时,表示“自从九月以来,我就是艺术俱乐部的成员”,表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在,结构为“have/has+过去分词”,be的过去分词形式是“been”,故填been。
52.Since he fell off the bike, John (lie) in bed for nearly a week.
【答案】has lain
【详解】句意:自从约翰从自行车上摔下来后,他已经躺在床上将近一个星期了。根据“Since he fell off the bike”可知,此处时态为现在完成时,主语是John,因此助动词用has,lie的过去分词是lain。故填has lain。
53.The story of Houyi Shoots the Suns (be) popular with children in China for many years.
【答案】has been
【详解】句意:后羿射日的故事在中国已经受孩子们欢迎很多年了。由“for many years”可知句子用现在完成时(has/have + 过去分词),be的过去分词为been,主语是单数,助动词用has,故填has been。
54.John (learn) a lot about Chinese eating habits since he came here.
【答案】has learned
【详解】句意:自从约翰来到这里,他学到了很多关于中国饮食习惯的知识。根据“since he came here”可知,此句应用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has done”;主语John是第三人称单数,助动词用has,learn的过去分词为learned。故填has learned。
55.—Who do you think (mistake) for the real princess by people?
—Hepburn was.
【答案】was mistaken
【详解】句意:——你认为谁被人们误认为是真正的公主?——是赫本。根据“Who do you think...for the real princess by people?”可知,此处表示“被误认为”,需用被动语态;答语“Hepburn was”提示时态为一般过去时,“who”作主语时,被动语态的结构为“was+过去分词”,“mistake”的过去分词是“mistaken”,故填was mistaken。
56.Our personal information (steal) if we are not careful enough on the Internet.
【答案】will be stolen
【详解】句意:如果我们在互联网上不够小心,我们的个人信息就会被盗。该句是if引导的条件状语从句,主语用一般将来时,“our personal information”是动作的承受者,因此需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be+过去分词”,故填will be stolen。
57.When you (ask) a question in class, you should answer it loudly and clearly.
【答案】are asked
【详解】句意:当你在课堂上被问到一个问题时,你应该大声且清晰地回答它。根据“When you...a question in class, you should answer it loudly and clearly.”可知,句子的主语“you”和动词“ask”之间是被动关系,即“你被问问题”。句子时态是一般现在时态,所以要用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构是 “am/is/are+过去分词”。主语“you”是第二人称,“be”动词用“are”,“ask”的过去分词是“asked”。故填are asked。
58.Truth is often (see) by those who experience it, rather than by those who talk about it.
【答案】seen
【详解】句意:真相往往是被那些经历过它的人看到,而不是被那些谈论它的人看到。根据“Truth is often...by those who experience it”以及英文提示可知,此处主语“Truth”与动词“see”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”,“see”的过去分词是“seen”。故填seen。
59.Lisa was as the lead role in the school play last week. (choose)
【答案】chosen
【详解】句意:莉萨上周被选为学校话剧中的主角。根据“Lisa was...as the lead role”可知,主语Lisa与谓语动词choose之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;由时间状语“last week”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,所以be动词用was,choose的过去分词为chosen。故填chosen。
60.To get everybody in the discussion, the volunteers were into six groups. (divide)
【答案】divided
【详解】句意:为了让每个人都参与讨论,志愿者被分为六组。根据语境判断可知是志愿者被分成六组,故用被动语态,即be done结构,故填divided。
61.Excuse me, do you know where (park) my car?
【答案】to park
【详解】句意:打扰一下,你知道在哪里停车吗?此处应用“where + 动词不定式”(即 where + to + 动词原形)结构表达“在哪里做某事”。故填to park。
62.She went out to swim instead of (stay) at home.
【答案】staying
【详解】句意:她出去游泳了而不是待在家里。根据“instead of”可知,这是一个短语,意思是“而不是”,后面接名词、代词、动名词等;stay“待在”是动词原形,此处需要把它变成动名词形式“staying”,故填staying。
63.The book (write) by Mo Yan is popular recently.
【答案】written
【详解】句意:莫言写的这本书最近很受欢迎。根据“by Mo Yan”可知,这本书是被莫言写的,因此需要用过去分词作定语,表示被动关系。write的过去分词是written,故填written。
64.The doctor did what he could (save) the dying man.
【答案】to save
【详解】句意:医生尽了全力来挽救垂死的人。空处在句中作目的状语,用不定式形式。故填to save。
65.Catherine pays attention to (read) English novels to improve her language skills.
【答案】reading
【详解】句意:凯瑟琳注重阅读英文小说以提高她的语言技能。pay attention to“注意”,后接名词或动名词,应填reading。故填reading。
66.I hardly what you said. Can you say it again? (hear)
【答案】heard
【详解】句意:我几乎没听清你在说什么。你能再说一遍吗?根据“said”可知,此处应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填heard。
67.The teacher told us that the gravity (引力) on the moon (be) only about one sixth of that on the earth.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们,月球上的引力只有地球上的六分之一左右。分析句子结构可知,第一个that引导的是宾语从句,从句内容是陈述一个事实,所以时态应为一般现在时;从句主语是“the gravity (引力) on the moon”,第三人称单数,所以be动词应用is,故填is。
68.He has been an English teacher since he (graduate) from the university.
【答案】graduated
【详解】句意:自从他大学毕业以来他一直是一名英语老师。since引导的时间状语从句,主句为现在完成时,从句时态用一般过去时,graduate“毕业”,过去式为graduated。故填graduated。
69.I’m upset because I still can’t get the computer started, though I (try) every possible way.
【答案】have tried
【详解】句意:我很沮丧因为虽然我尝试了所有可能的方法,但我还是不能启动电脑。try“尝试”,根据“I still can’t get the computer started, though I...(try) every possible way”可知,本句为though引导的让步状语从句,主句为一般现在时,表示造成的结果,从句应为现在完成时,结构为has/have+动词过去分词,主语是I,助动词用have,try的过去分词为tried。故填have tried。
70.Billy has decided not to share his report unless he (ask) to.
【答案】is asked
【详解】句意:比利决定不去分享他的报告,除非他被要求这样做。unless引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,he与ask之间是被动关系,用被动语态,主语是he,be动词用is。故填is asked。
二.语法填空(30分)
A
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文学经典), and they 71 (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品质) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at 72 same time.
China has 73 (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books 74 (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged 75 (read) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》).
There are also 76 (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them 77 they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). But they are great 78 (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature.
Are you interested 79 learning more about the classics? Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基础) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. 80 (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them.
【答案】71.are 72.the 73.its 74.were written 75.to read 76.newer 77.because 78.stories 79.in 80.Slowly
【导语】本文讲述了作者之前喜欢读最新出版的书,后来喜欢上读有永久价值的“旧”书的故事。
71.句意:这些便是文学经典之作,它们具有永恒的价值。本句时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,故填are。
72.句意:例如,约三千年前创作的《伊利亚特》一书向我们展示了人性中的善与恶;也就是说,我们有时可以表现出英勇的一面,有时又会显得愚蠢。at the same time“同时”,固定短语,故填the。
73.句意:中国有着悠久的古典文学历史,其源头可追溯至“四书五经”。此处作定语修饰其后的名词短语,用形容词性物主代词形式,故填its。
74.句意:这些书籍是在秦朝之前写成的。本句主语是动作的承受者,时态是过去时,主语是复数,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were written。
75.句意:即使在今天,学生们仍被鼓励阅读《论语》这部著作。be encouraged to do sth“被鼓励去做某事”,故填to read。
76.句意:还有比上述作品更新的经典作品,比如《西游记》和《红楼梦》。根据“than”可知,此处应使用比较级,故填newer。
77.句意:不过,仍有许多人不愿去读这些书,因为它们篇幅很长,情节也十分复杂。“they are long and have complex plots”是“many people don’t want to read them”的原因,用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
78.句意:但这些都是精彩的故事,同时也展现了人性中的美好与缺陷。根据“they are”可知,此处应使用名词复数形式,故填stories。
79.句意:你是否对了解经典著作感兴趣呢?be interested in“对……感兴趣”,固定短语,故填in。
80.句意:慢慢地但毫无疑问,你会爱上它们的。此处与“surely”并列,使用副词形式,句首需大写首字母,故填Slowly。
B
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More Than Just A Noodle Shop
Guo Zhanglong, a Chinese young man, has lived in France 81 12 years. In 2022, he began selling 82 (tradition) Shanxi sliced noodles in France. Sliced noodles 83 (call) Daoxiaomian in Chinese. Guo shared some videos of his noodle shop online, and the shop 84 (quick) became popular. So far, he has already had millions of fans all ever the world.
At first, Guo was worried about 85 his noodles would be popular with French customers. 86 , he found the French customers not only could eat it, but also accepted it with gusto (津津有味). “Many French friends have added 87 (we) noodles to their daily diet now,” Guo said. “Food knows no borders (国界).”
Since the noodle shop opened, Guo 88 (host) many French people who are interested in China. Over dinner, Guo often shares his knowledge of China with them. “I want more and more 89 (foreigner) to learn about Chinese food and Chinese culture, so that they can have a 90 (good) understanding about China.” he said.
【答案】81.for 82.traditional 83.are called 84.quickly 85.whether 86.However 87.our 88.has hosted 89.foreigners 90.better
【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫郭章龙的年轻中国人在法国生活了12年,并在2022年开始在法国售卖传统的山西刀削面。
81.句意:郭章龙,一位中国年轻人,已经在法国生活了12年。根据“has lived in France...12 years.”可知,此处表达在法国生活了12年,for后接一段时间表示持续的动作或状态。故填for。
82.句意:2022年,他开始在法国售卖传统的山西刀削面。根据“selling...Shanxi sliced noodles”和提示词可知,此处表达售卖传统的山西刀削面,tradition的形容词形式traditional“传统的”,修饰名词noodles。故填traditional。
83.句意:刀削面在中文里被称为Daoxiaomian。根据“Sliced noodles...Daoxiaomian in Chinese.”和提示词可知,此处表达刀削面被称为Daoxiaomian,主语Sliced noodles与动词call之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,描述一般事实用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are called。
84.句意:郭在网上分享了一些他面馆的视频,这家店很快就火了起来。根据“the shop...became popular”和提示词可知,此处表达这家店很快就火了起来,quick的副词形式quickly,修饰动词became。故填quickly。
85.句意:起初,郭担心他的面条是否会受到法国顾客的欢迎。根据“Guo was worried about...his noodles would be popular with French customers”可知,此处表达担心面条是否会受到法国顾客的欢迎,whether引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。故填whether。
86.句意:然而,他发现法国顾客不仅能吃,而且吃得津津有味。根据“At first, Guo was worried about...he found the French customers not only could eat it”可知,此处表达与前文的转折关系,位于句首,空后有逗号,用副词However。故填However。
87.句意:“现在许多法国朋友已经把我们的面条加入了他们的日常饮食中,”郭说。根据“Many French friends have added...noodles to their daily diet”和提示词可知,此处表达把我们的面条加入了他们的日常饮食中,we的形容词性物主代词our,修饰名词noodles。故填our。
88.句意:自从面馆开业以来,郭已经接待了许多对中国感兴趣的法国人。根据“Since the noodle shop opened, Guo...many French people”和提示词可知,此处表达已经接待了许多法国人,since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has hosted。
89.句意:“我希望越来越多的外国人了解中国食物和中国文化,”他说。根据“I want more and more...to learn about Chinese food”和提示词可知,此处表达越来越多的外国人,more and more后接可数名词复数,foreigner变为复数形式foreigners。故填foreigners。
90.句意:“这样他们就能更好的了解中国,”他说。根据“they can have a...understanding about China”和提示词可知,此处表达更好地了解中国,good的比较级better“更好的”,修饰名词understanding。故填better。
C
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. The production involves over a hundred steps. It takes between 15 91 (day) and several months, depending on the umbrella’s design.
About the origin (起源) of the umbrella, 92 popular story has to do with Lu Ban. It is said that once he and his younger sister visited the West Lake. It started raining 93 (sudden). The sister said, “Let’s have a competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, whoever comes up with a way for people to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner”. Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and 94 (spend) the whole night building 10 pavilions (凉亭) around the lake. He was quite confident about his efforts.
The next morning, however, when Lu Ban was talking proudly about his achievements, his sister held something unusual in 95 (she) hand. It could be opened into a round shape, Lu Ban was surprised, He found that the object made of silk and bamboo strips (竹条) could be opened and closed easily. It was light, beautiful 96 easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your pavilion can protect us 97 rain.” So the umbrella was invented.
Later, when paper was invented, people used much 98 (cheap) paper to take the place of silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas. 99 (make) the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil (桐油) across the surface. And the oil-paper umbrella 100 (use) as a water-proof (防水的) tool for daily use. That was how the oil-paper umbrella was invented.
【答案】91.days 92.a 93.suddenly 94.spent 95.her 96.and 97.from 98.cheaper 99.To make 100.was used
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统手工艺品——油纸伞被发明的故事。
91.句意:这需要15天到几个月的时间,取决于伞的设计。根据文中“It takes between 15…and several months”及提示词可知,此处指的是需要15天的时间,空处应为可数名词复数形式。故填days。
92.句意:关于伞的起源,有一个广为流传的故事与鲁班有关。根据文中“About the origin of the umbrella…popular story has to do with Lu Ban.”可知,此处是泛指一个广为流传的故事。“popular”,辅音音素开头。故填a。
93.句意:突然开始下雨了。根据文中“It started raining…”及提示词可知,此处指的是突然开始下雨,sudden“突然的”,形容词,空处应为其副词形式“suddenly”,修饰动词。故填suddenly。
94.句意:他收集了一些工具和材料,花了整个晚上在湖边建了10个亭子。根据文中“He collected some tools and materials and…the whole night building 10 pavilions around the lake.”及提示词可知,此处指的是他花了整个晚上时间,句子时态为一般过去时,连词“and”并列谓语动词应为动词过去式。故填spent。
95.句意:然而,第二天早上,当鲁班正在骄傲地谈论他的成就时,他的妹妹手里拿着一个不同寻常的东西。根据文中“his sister held something unusual in…hand. ”及提示词可知,此处指的是在她的手里拿着一个不寻常的东西。she“她”,人称代词主格形式,空处应为其形容词性物主代词。故填her。
96.句意:它又轻又漂亮,便于携带。根据文中“It was light, beautiful…easy to carry.”可知,此处指的是伞又轻又漂亮并且便于携带。and“并且”,并列“light、beautiful”和“easy to carry”。故填and。
97.句意:你的亭子可以保护我们免受雨淋。根据文中“Your pavilion can protect us…rain.”可知,此处指的是亭子保护我们免受雨淋,protect sb. from sth.“保护……免受……”,固定短语。故填from。
98.句意:后来,当纸被发明时,人们用更便宜的纸来代替丝绸,降低了雨伞的成本。根据文中“Later, when paper was invented, people used much…paper to take the place of silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas.”及提示词可知,此处指的是人们用更便宜的纸来代替丝绸,“much”修饰比较级,cheap“便宜的”,形容词,空处应为其比较级形式。故填cheaper。
99.句意:为了使伞防水,人们在伞面刷上桐油。根据文中“…the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil across the surface.”及提示词可知,此处指的是为了使伞防水,动词不定式作目的状语,句首首字母大写。故填To make。
100.句意:油纸伞被用作日常使用的防水工具。根据文中“And the oil-paper umbrella…as a water-proof tool for daily use.”及提示词可知,油纸伞被用作防水工具。“oil-paper umbrella”和“use”之间为被动关系,句子时态为一般过去时,其被动语态结构为:was/were done。主语“the oil-paper umbrella”,名词单数作主语,be动词应为“was”,use“使用”,其过去分词“used”符合语境。故填was used。
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基础闯关01 词汇变形 (综合训练)
A开头
1. act v. 行动,做事→ n. 行动,行为→ adj. 积极的,活跃的→ n. 演员→ n. 女演员→ n. 活动
2. apologize v. 道歉→ n. 道歉
3. anger n. 怒气,愤怒→ adj. 生气的,愤怒的→ adv. 生气地
4. agree v. 同意→ n. 同意→ v. 不同意→ n. 不同意
5. anxious adj. 焦急的,忧虑的→ adv. 焦急地→ n. 焦虑,忧虑
6. attend vt. 出席,专心→ n. 注意,专心→ adj. 专心的→ adv. 专心地
7. achieve vt. 实现,取得,达到→ n. 成就,达成
8. absence n. 缺席,不在→ adj. 缺席的
9. arrival n. 到达,到来→ v. 到达,到来
10. able adj. 有能力的→ n. 能力→ adj. 不能的,不会的→ adj. 残疾的
→ vt. 使伤残,使丧失能力
11. absolute adj. 完全的,绝对的→ adv. 完全地,绝对地
12. accept vt. 接受,接纳→ adj. 可接受的
13. add v. 增加,添加→ n. 加,增加物→ adj. 附加的,另外的
14. admit vt. 允许……进入, 接纳, 承认→ n. 允许进入, 承认
15. advance v. 促进, 前进→ adj. 先进的, 高级的
16. advertise v. 登广告, 宣传→ n. 广告
17. actual adj. 真实的,实际的→ adv. 事实上,实际上
18. amuse v. 使开心, 逗笑→ adj. 逗人发笑的→ n. 娱乐, 乐趣
19. announce v. 宣布, 宣告→ n. 播音员→ n. 宣告, 通告
20. apply v. 应用, 申请→ n. 申请人→ n. 申请, 应用
21. appear vi. 出现→ n. 出现,外貌→ vi. 消失→ n. 消失
22. attract v. 吸引→ n. 吸引
23. amaze v. 使惊奇→ adj. 令人吃惊的→ adj. 吃惊的→ n. 吃惊
24. brave adj. 勇敢的, 无畏的→ adv. 勇敢地→ n. 勇敢, 大胆
B开头
1. bright adj. 明亮的, 聪明的→ adv. 明亮地, 闪烁地→ n. 明亮, 聪明→ v. 发光, 发亮
2. basic adj. 基础的,基本的→ n. 基础,基地
3. beautifully adv. 美丽地,漂亮地→ adj. 美丽的,漂亮的→ n. 漂亮,美人
4. believe v. 相信→ adj. 可信的→ adj. 难以置信的→ n. 信仰,信心
5. build v. 建造/筑, 建立→ n. 建筑(物), 房屋
C开头
1. care n. 照顾,小心 v. 在意,关心→ adj. 小心的, 仔细的→ adv. 仔细地
→carefulness n. 细心→ adj. 粗心的, 大意的→ n. 粗心大意
2. celebrate v. 庆祝→ n. 庆祝活动, 庆典
3. centre n. 中心点,中央→ adj. 中心的,中央的
4. challenge v. 向……挑战→ adj. 具有挑战性的
5. child n. 儿童,孩子→ (复数) n. 孩子们→ n. 童年, 幼年(时代)
6. colour n. 颜色, 色彩→ adj. 色彩丰富的
7. communicate v. 交流,沟通,传达→ n. 交际, 交流, 通信
8. compete vi. 竞争,比赛→ n. 参赛者→ n. 竞争, 比赛
9. confident adj. 自信的,有信心的→ adv. 自信地,确信地→ n. 信任, 信心,自信
10. consider v. 考虑, 体谅→ adj. 体贴的,考虑周到的→ n. 考虑, 体谅
11. correct v. 改正, 修改 adj. 正确的,恰当的→ adv. 正确地,恰当地→ n. 改正,修正
→incorrect adj. 不正确的,不恰当的
12. crowd n. 人群 v. 拥挤→ adj. 拥挤的
13. culture n. 文化,文明→ adj. 文化上的→ adv. 从文化上
14. curious adj. 好奇的,求知欲强的→ adv. 好奇地,奇妙地→ n. 好奇心,求知欲
15. chemist n. 化学家→chemical adj. 化学的→ n. 化学
16. certain adj. 肯定的, 有把握的→ adv. 肯定地, 当然
17. choose v. 选择→ n. 选择
18. conclude v. 推断出→ n. 结论,推论→ adj. 结论性的
19. complete v. 完成 adj. 完全的,完整→ adv. 完全地,完整地
20. connect v. 联系,连接→ n. 联系,连接
21. comfort v. 安慰→ adj. 舒适的,舒服的→ adv. 舒适地,舒服地
→ adj. 不舒服的
D开头
1. die v. 死(亡)→ n. 死亡→ adj. 死的→ adj. 临死的→ adj. 致命的
2. distant adj. 遥远的→ n. 距离,遥远
3. dirt n. 污垢,泥土→ adj. 脏的
4. develop v. 发展,开发→ n. 发展,开发→ adj. 发展中的→ adj. 发达的
5. difficult adj. 困难的,难懂的→ n. 困难,难事
6. dark adj. 黑色的,黑暗的→ n. 黑暗
7. direct adj. 直接的→ n. 方向,操作指南→ adv. 直接地
8. danger n. 危险→ adj. 危险的
9. discuss v. 讨论,商议→ n. 讨论,商议
10. discover v. 发现→ n. 发现
E开头
1. excite v. 使激动,使兴奋→ adj. 激动的,兴奋的→ adj. 使人激动的,兴奋的
→ adv. 激动地,兴奋地→ n. 激动,兴奋
2. encourage vt. 鼓励,激励→ n. 鼓励,激励
3. exact adj. 精确的,准确的→ adv. 精确的,恰好,正是
4. enter v. 进入, 加入→ n. 入口,(大学等的)进入许可
5. express v. 表示,表达→ n. 表示,表达
6. easy adj. 容易的→ adv. 容易地
7. explain v. 解释,说明→ n. 解释,说明
8. expect v. 期待,预计→ n. 期待,预计
9. edit v. 编辑,校订→ n. 编辑→ n. 版本
10. educate v. 教育,培养→ adj. 受过教育的,有教养的→ n. 教育,培养
11. employ v. 雇佣→ n. 雇用者,老板→ n. 雇员→ n. 雇佣
12. equip v. 装备,配备→ n. 装备,设备
13. exist v. 存在→ n. 存在
F开头
1. fail v. 失败→ n. 失败
2. fright n. 惊吓,恐怖→ v. 吓唬→ adj. 受惊的→ adj. 令人害怕的,吓人的
3. free v. 解释,使自由 adj. 免费的,自由的→ n. 自由→ adv. 自由地
4. fool n. 傻子 v. 愚弄,欺骗→ adj. 愚蠢的
5. fortune n. 巨款,运气→ adj. 幸运的→ adv. 幸运地→ adj. 不幸地
6. friend n. 朋友→ adj. 友好的→ n. 友谊,友情
7. forget v. 忘记→ adj. 健忘的,好忘事的→ adj. 难以忘怀的,令人难忘的
G开头
1. graduate v. 毕业 n. 毕业生→ n. 毕业
2.gradual adj. 逐渐的→ adv. 逐渐地
3. gentle adj. 温柔的,温和的→ adv. 温柔地,温和地
4. grate n. 感激→ adj. 感激的, 感谢的→ adv. 感激地
H开头
1. happy adj. 幸福的,高兴的→ adv. 幸福地,高兴地→ n. 幸福,快乐
→ adj. 不快乐的,不幸福的,不满意的
2. high adj. 高的;adv. 高→ n. 身高,高度
3. health n. 健康→ adj. 健康的→ adv. 健康地→ adj. 不健康的
48. harm v./n. 伤害,损害→ adj. 有害的→ adj. 无害的
5. help n./vt. 帮助→ adj. 有帮助的, 有益的→ adj. 无助的
6. hope n./vt. 希望→ adj. 有希望的→ adv. 满怀希望地→ adj. 没有希望的
7. hunger n. 饥饿→ adj. 饥饿的
I开头
1. important adj. 重要的→ n. 重要
2. interest n. 兴趣,利益→ adj. 有趣的,引起兴趣的→ adj. 感兴趣的
3. imagine v. 想象, 设想→ n. 想象,想象力
4. ill adj. 生病的→ n. 疾病
5. invent vt. 发明,创造→ n. 发明,创造→ n. 发明家
6. invite vt. 邀请→ n. 邀请,请帖
7. introduce v. 介绍;引进→ n. 引进,介绍
J开头
1. judge n. 裁判,法官 v. 判断,断定→ n. 判断力,判决
K开头
2. kind adj. 和蔼的,仁慈的→ adv. 和蔼地,仁慈地→ n. 仁慈,和蔼
L开头
1. late adj. 迟的,晚的 adv. 迟,晚→ adv. 以后,后来→ adj. 最新的,最近的
2. live v. 生活,居住 adj. 活的→ adj. 生动的,活泼的→ adj. 活的,活着的→ n. 生命
3. love v./n. 爱,喜爱→ adj. 可爱的
4. lead v. 引领,导致→ n. 领袖,领导人
5. long adj. 长的→ n. 长度→ v. (使)加长
6. luck n. 运气, 好运→ adj. 幸运的→ adv. 幸运地→ adj. 不幸的→ adv. 不幸地
7. laugh v. 笑 n. 笑,笑声→ n. 笑;笑声
8. loud adj. 大声的→ adv. 大声地
M开头
1. main adj. 主要的→ adv. 主要地,大部分
2. manage v. 管理, 经营, 设法完成→ n. 管理, 经营→ n. 经理
3. mean v. 意思是,意味着→ n. 方式→ n. 意思,意义→ adj. 有意义的
4. medical adj. 医学的→ n. 药,医学
5. mistake n. 错误→ adj. 错误的
6. mix v. 混合,搅匀→ n. 混合物
7. mountain n. 山→ adj. 多山的
8.move v. 移动,搬家,感动→ adj. 感人的→ n. 移动,运动
N开头
1. nature n. 自然,本性,天性→ adj. 自然的,天然的→ adv. 自然地,天然地
2. nation n. 国家→ adj. 国家的→ n. 民族,国籍
3. noise n. 噪音→ adj. 喧闹的
O开头
4. operate v. 动手术,操作→ n. 手术, 操作
5. office n. 办公室,重要职务→ n. 军官,官员→ adj. 官方的,正式的→ adv. 官方地
6. open adj. 开着的, 开放的 v. 打开→ n. 开始
7. obvious adj. 显然的→ adv. 显然地,明显地
P开头
8. physics n. 物理学→ n. 物理学家→ adj. 身体的→ adv. 身体上
9. piano n. 钢琴→ n. 钢琴家
10. please v. 使人高兴→ n. 愉快→ adj. 高兴的→ adj. 令人愉快的
11. pollute v. 弄脏,污染→ n. 污染→ adj. 受污染的
12. possible adj. 可能的→ adv. 可能,或许→ n. 可能性
13. power n. 力量,能力,权力→ adj. 有力的,强大的→ adv. 强有力地
14. practice n. 实践,练习→ v. 实践,练习→ adj. 实用的,实际的
15. press v. 压,挤,按→ n. 压力
16. pronounce v. 发音,读音→ n. 发音,读音
17. person n. 人→ adj. 个人的,私人的→ adv. 就个人而言,亲自→ n. 个性
18. peace n. 和平,平静→ adj. 和平的,平静的→ adv. 和平地,平静地
19. punish v. 惩罚,处罚→ n. 惩罚,处罚
20. pain n. 疼痛→ adj. 疼痛的→ adv. 痛苦地
21. patient n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的→ n. 耐心
22. perform v. 表演,执行→ n. 表演者→ n. 表演,表现
R开头
1. real adj. 真的→ adv. 真正地,确实→ n. 现实→ vt. 实现,认识到
2. recent adj. 新近的,近来的→ adv. 近来
3. reason n. 理由,原因→ adj. 有道理的,合情合理的→ adv. 合情合理地
4. regular adj. 规则的,有规律的→ adv. 规则地,有规律地→ adj. 不规则的,无规律的
S开头
1. sad adj. 难过的,悲哀的,悲伤的→ adv. 悲伤地,伤心地→ n. 难过,悲伤
2. safe adj. 安全的→ adv. 安全地,平安地→ n. 安全,平安→ v. 挽救,节约
3. satisfy v. 使满足,满足→ adj. 令人满意的→ adj. 满意的,满足的→ n. 满足
4. science n. 科学→ n. 科学家→ adj. 科学的
5. secret n. 秘密 adj. 秘密的→ adv. 秘密地
6. separate v. 使分开 adj. 单独的,分开的→ adv. 单独地,分别地→ n. 分离,分开
7. serve v. 服务,服役,端上(菜)→ n. 服务→ n. 仆人,佣人
8. silent adj. 寂静的,沉默的→ adv. 寂静地,沉默地→ n. 寂静,沉默
9. simple adj. 简单的,简朴的→ adv. 简单地,简朴地
10. slight adj. 轻微的,微小的→ adv. 稍微
11.slow adj. 慢慢的→ adv. 慢慢地
12. social adj. 社会的→ n. 社会
13. strong adj. 强壮的,结实的→ adv. 强烈地→ n. 力量,力气→ vt. 加强,增强
14. success n. 成功,成就→ v. 成功→ adj. 有成就的→ adv. 成功地
15. sudden adj. 突然的,忽然的 → adv. 忽然,突然
16. sure adj. 确信,有把握→ adv. 确实地,一定
17. serious adj. 严重的; 认真的→ adv. 认真地,严重地,严肃地
T开头
1. technique n. 技术,技能,工艺→ adj. 技术上的
2. terrible adj. 可怕的,糟糕的→ adv. 非常糟地→ adj. 非常害怕的→ adj. 可怕的,恐怖的
3. thank v. 谢谢,感谢→ n. 谢谢,感谢→ adj. 感谢的,感激的
4. tire v. 使劳累,使疲劳→ adj. 劳累的,令人疲劳的→ adj. 厌倦的, 累的
5. true adj. 真的,真实的,真正的→ adv. 确实→ n. 真理,真相
U开头
1. use v. 使用 n. 用途→ adj. 有用的→ adj. 无用的→ adj. 用过的
2. usual adj. 通常的,平常的→ adv. 通常地,平常地→ adj. 不平常的,异常的
V开头
1. value n. 价值,益处,重要性 v. 重视,珍视→ adj. 有价值的,值钱的
2. visit v./n. 访问,参观,看望→ n. 访问者,参观者
3. vary v. 不同→variety n. 种类→ adj. 各种各样的
W开头
1. weak adj. 虚弱的→ n. 虚弱→ v. 使变弱
2. weigh v. 重,称……的重量→ n. 重量
3. wide adj. 宽的,宽阔的,广泛的→ v. 使变宽→ adv. 广泛地
4. wind n. 风→ adj. 有风的
5. wonder v. 想知道,对……感到疑惑;n. 奇迹,奇观→ adj. 极好的,精彩的
6. worry v. 担心,忧虑→ adj. 担心的,焦虑的
7. worth adj. 值得……的, 有价值的→ adj. 值得……的
8. wood n. 木头→ adj. 木制的
Y开头
1.young adj. 年轻的,青年的→ n. 青年
语法词汇变形
复数名词的特殊变法
改f/fe为v再加-es构成复数的名词
half
wolf
特殊
leaf
thief
roof
loaf
knife
chief
shelf
life
belief
scarf
wife
③复数不规则变化的名词
Chinese
foot
fireman
Japanese
tooth
policeman
fish
goose
salesman
sheep
child
man
deer
mouse
woman
passer-by
数词与序数词不规则变化表
one→
two→
three→
four→
five→
six→
seven→
eight→
nine→
ten→
eleven→
twelve→
thirteen→
fourteen→
fifteen→
sixteen→
seventeen→
eighteen→
nineteen→
twenty→
thirty→
forty→
fifty→
sixty→
seventy→
eighty→
ninety→
hundred
thousand
million
形容词与副词不规则变化表
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
ill/bad/badly
many/much
little
far
old
各人称的不同代词形式
类别
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
第一
人称
单数
I
复数
we
第一 人称
单数
you
复数
you
第三 人称
单数
he
she
it
复数
they
动词的五种基本形式变化表
形式
构成
例词
动词原形
不带to的动词不定式形式,也就是词典中一般给出的形式
be, have, do, learn
第三人称单数形式
一般情况下在动词原形后加
runs, likes
以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词后加
teach-teaches, wash-washes
go-goes, pass-passes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,
study-studies, carry-carries
不规则变化
have-has, be-is
现在分词
一般情况下在动词后加
read-reading, cook-cooking
以不发音的e结尾的动词,
live-living, write-writing
以重读闭音节结尾的词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,
sit-sitting, begin-beginning
以ie结尾的动词把
die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying
过去式和
过去分词
(规则变化)
一般情况下在动词原形后加
work-worked
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,
carry-carried, study-studied
以不发音的e结尾的动词,
live-lived,
以重读闭音节结尾的词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,
stop-stopped, plan-planned
三.动词不规则变化表
1. A—A—A型(共10个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
花费
cost
切;割
cut
撞;击
hit
伤害
hurt
让
let
放
put
读;阅读
read
设置
set
关闭
shut
传播
spread
2. A—B—A型(共3个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
变成
become
来
come
跑
run
3. A—B—B型(共46个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
带来
bring
建造
build
燃烧
burn
买
buy
捉;抓
catch
处理
deal
挖
dig
做梦
dream
喂养
feed
感到
feel
斗争
fight
发现;找到
find
得到
get
挂
hang
有
have
听到
hear
拥有
hold
保持
keep
放置;下蛋
lay
领导
lead
学习
learn
离开
leave
借给
lend
丢失
lose
制造
make
意思是
mean
遇见
meet
付费
pay
说
say
卖
sell
派遣
send
照耀
shine
坐
sit
睡觉
sleep
闻到
smell
加速
speed
花费
spend
拼写
spell
站立
stand
粘住
stick
扫;打扫
sweep
教
teach
告诉
tell
认为
think
理解
understand
赢
win
4. A—B—C型(共42个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
是
am,is
是
are
唤醒
awake
忍受
bear
开始
begin
吹
blow
打碎
break
可以
can
选择
choose
做
do
画
draw
喝
drink
开车
drive
吃
eat
落下
fall
飞
fly
忘记
forget
给
give
去
go
生长
grow
隐藏
hide
知道
know
躺;平放;位于
lie
可能
may
误解
mistake
骑车
ride
打电话
ring
升起
rise
看见
see
摇动
shake
应该
shall
表明
show
唱
sing
说
speak
偷窃
steal
游泳
swim
带走
take
扔
throw
醒;醒来
wake
穿
wear
将要
will
写
write
5. A—A—B型(共1个)
汉语释义
原形
过去式
过去分词
打败
beat
(考试时间:60分钟 试卷满分:100分)
用所给词的正确形式填空(70分)
1.The young often invites children to join his art activities, helping them develop an interest in painting. (art)
2.The government has built two more water treatment to improve the water quality. (factory)
3.Old photos bring back memories of and happiness. (free)
4.The peace-keeping from different countries work together in dangerous areas. (army)
5.Jack measured the of the table to calculate how much material would be needed. (long)
6.As an officer at the airport, he has to every traveler’s passport carefully. (exam)
7.Let him (fly) kites with you today.
8.Some wild animals may (appear) forever if we don’t stop hunting them.
9.When making a fruit salad, you’d better (use) fresh fruit.
10.It’s to talk loudly in public places, but many people always seem to forget that. (polite)
11.Andy was to know that his science project won the first prize. (surprise)
12.The National Museum offers tickets to students every Monday. (freedom)
13.As students spend more time in front of screens, their eyesight becomes . (bad)
14.All the people in the hall kept (silence) when the headmaster was speaking.
15.Using a password manager is a much way to protect your online accounts. (safe)
16.The door and the windows were locked. It was for the thief to escape.(possible)
17.It is really (polite) and even rude to take photos of others without their permission.
18.The movie is so that everyone likes it. (excite)
19.Tom stayed up late yesterday evening, so he felt (sleep) today.
20. , my laptop crashed last night, so I had to stay up late to rewrite the report. (unlucky)
21.Professor Wang thanked everyone who helped with the project. (personal)
22.—Suzy used to take second place in exams. (luck), she came top in this exam.
—Good things come to those who work hard.
23.The AI technology has developed and it makes our life more convenient. (quick)
24.You can experience all the water sports, or (simple) lie on the beach, doing nothing.
25.Remember to always check . Your score will be perfect! (two)
26.After winning the game, the team felt very proud of . (they)
27.Lucy introduced before the welcome party. (she)
28.The Browns have repaired the house and are going to move into it soon. (they)
29.This blue schoolbag is mine and that pink one is (her).
30.Don’t be too hard on . Just make sure you try your best. (you)
31.This is the time our city has held the International Marathon. (five)
32.How did you celebrate your birthday? (fourteen)
33. students will take part in the final of the memory competition. (twelfth)
34.With the help of AI, two of the time will be saved when dealing with such problems. (three)
35.My grandfather took up swimming in his (sixty) in order to stay healthy.
36.We “Low-Carbon Life” activities every month to protect the environment. (organization)
37.It (remain) unknown whether this idea can be put into practice.
38.Mr. Li told us the sunlight we are used to seven different colours. (include)
39.The gas terrible, and we can hardly bear the . (smell)
40.Many people came to help as soon as they the news. (hear)
41.An apple from the tree and hit me on my way home. (fall)
42.Jessica (study) hard for her Chinese test and got good grades.
43.Some people will (success) in their efforts to stop smoking.
44.The concert (begin) at 8:00 p. m. Make sure you arrive early.
45.The teacher with the students (dig) the holes to plant trees now.
46.Let’s go and see who (sing) in the music room.
47.Wait a moment, please. I (do) the dishes. Can we talk about it later?
48.When I got home, my mother (cook) our supper.
49.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Tom?
—I (study) for the exam in my bedroom, so I didn’t hear the knock.
50.The children (fly) kites in the park at that time yesterday.
51.I have (be) a member of the art club since last September.
52.Since he fell off the bike, John (lie) in bed for nearly a week.
53.The story of Houyi Shoots the Suns (be) popular with children in China for many years.
54.John (learn) a lot about Chinese eating habits since he came here.
55.—Who do you think (mistake) for the real princess by people?
—Hepburn was.
56.Our personal information (steal) if we are not careful enough on the Internet.
57.When you (ask) a question in class, you should answer it loudly and clearly.
58.Truth is often (see) by those who experience it, rather than by those who talk about it.
59.Lisa was as the lead role in the school play last week. (choose)
60.To get everybody in the discussion, the volunteers were into six groups. (divide)
61.Excuse me, do you know where (park) my car?
62.She went out to swim instead of (stay) at home.
63.The book (write) by Mo Yan is popular recently.
64.The doctor did what he could (save) the dying man.
65.Catherine pays attention to (read) English novels to improve her language skills.
66.I hardly what you said. Can you say it again? (hear)
67.The teacher told us that the gravity (引力) on the moon (be) only about one sixth of that on the earth.
68.He has been an English teacher since he (graduate) from the university.
69.I’m upset because I still can’t get the computer started, though I (try) every possible way.
70.Billy has decided not to share his report unless he (ask) to.
二.语法填空(30分)
A
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文学经典), and they 71 (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品质) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at 72 same time.
China has 73 (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books 74 (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged 75 (read) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》).
There are also 76 (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them 77 they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). But they are great 78 (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature.
Are you interested 79 learning more about the classics? Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基础) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. 80 (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them.
【答案】71.are 72.the 73.its 74.were written 75.to read 76.newer 77.because 78.stories 79.in 80.Slowly
【导语】本文讲述了作者之前喜欢读最新出版的书,后来喜欢上读有永久价值的“旧”书的故事。
71.句意:这些便是文学经典之作,它们具有永恒的价值。本句时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,故填are。
72.句意:例如,约三千年前创作的《伊利亚特》一书向我们展示了人性中的善与恶;也就是说,我们有时可以表现出英勇的一面,有时又会显得愚蠢。at the same time“同时”,固定短语,故填the。
73.句意:中国有着悠久的古典文学历史,其源头可追溯至“四书五经”。此处作定语修饰其后的名词短语,用形容词性物主代词形式,故填its。
74.句意:这些书籍是在秦朝之前写成的。本句主语是动作的承受者,时态是过去时,主语是复数,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were written。
75.句意:即使在今天,学生们仍被鼓励阅读《论语》这部著作。be encouraged to do sth“被鼓励去做某事”,故填to read。
76.句意:还有比上述作品更新的经典作品,比如《西游记》和《红楼梦》。根据“than”可知,此处应使用比较级,故填newer。
77.句意:不过,仍有许多人不愿去读这些书,因为它们篇幅很长,情节也十分复杂。“they are long and have complex plots”是“many people don’t want to read them”的原因,用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
78.句意:但这些都是精彩的故事,同时也展现了人性中的美好与缺陷。根据“they are”可知,此处应使用名词复数形式,故填stories。
79.句意:你是否对了解经典著作感兴趣呢?be interested in“对……感兴趣”,固定短语,故填in。
80.句意:慢慢地但毫无疑问,你会爱上它们的。此处与“surely”并列,使用副词形式,句首需大写首字母,故填Slowly。
B
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More Than Just A Noodle Shop
Guo Zhanglong, a Chinese young man, has lived in France 81 12 years. In 2022, he began selling 82 (tradition) Shanxi sliced noodles in France. Sliced noodles 83 (call) Daoxiaomian in Chinese. Guo shared some videos of his noodle shop online, and the shop 84 (quick) became popular. So far, he has already had millions of fans all ever the world.
At first, Guo was worried about 85 his noodles would be popular with French customers. 86 , he found the French customers not only could eat it, but also accepted it with gusto (津津有味). “Many French friends have added 87 (we) noodles to their daily diet now,” Guo said. “Food knows no borders (国界).”
Since the noodle shop opened, Guo 88 (host) many French people who are interested in China. Over dinner, Guo often shares his knowledge of China with them. “I want more and more 89 (foreigner) to learn about Chinese food and Chinese culture, so that they can have a 90 (good) understanding about China.” he said.
【答案】81.for 82.traditional 83.are called 84.quickly 85.whether 86.However 87.our 88.has hosted 89.foreigners 90.better
【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫郭章龙的年轻中国人在法国生活了12年,并在2022年开始在法国售卖传统的山西刀削面。
81.句意:郭章龙,一位中国年轻人,已经在法国生活了12年。根据“has lived in France...12 years.”可知,此处表达在法国生活了12年,for后接一段时间表示持续的动作或状态。故填for。
82.句意:2022年,他开始在法国售卖传统的山西刀削面。根据“selling...Shanxi sliced noodles”和提示词可知,此处表达售卖传统的山西刀削面,tradition的形容词形式traditional“传统的”,修饰名词noodles。故填traditional。
83.句意:刀削面在中文里被称为Daoxiaomian。根据“Sliced noodles...Daoxiaomian in Chinese.”和提示词可知,此处表达刀削面被称为Daoxiaomian,主语Sliced noodles与动词call之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,描述一般事实用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are called。
84.句意:郭在网上分享了一些他面馆的视频,这家店很快就火了起来。根据“the shop...became popular”和提示词可知,此处表达这家店很快就火了起来,quick的副词形式quickly,修饰动词became。故填quickly。
85.句意:起初,郭担心他的面条是否会受到法国顾客的欢迎。根据“Guo was worried about...his noodles would be popular with French customers”可知,此处表达担心面条是否会受到法国顾客的欢迎,whether引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。故填whether。
86.句意:然而,他发现法国顾客不仅能吃,而且吃得津津有味。根据“At first, Guo was worried about...he found the French customers not only could eat it”可知,此处表达与前文的转折关系,位于句首,空后有逗号,用副词However。故填However。
87.句意:“现在许多法国朋友已经把我们的面条加入了他们的日常饮食中,”郭说。根据“Many French friends have added...noodles to their daily diet”和提示词可知,此处表达把我们的面条加入了他们的日常饮食中,we的形容词性物主代词our,修饰名词noodles。故填our。
88.句意:自从面馆开业以来,郭已经接待了许多对中国感兴趣的法国人。根据“Since the noodle shop opened, Guo...many French people”和提示词可知,此处表达已经接待了许多法国人,since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has hosted。
89.句意:“我希望越来越多的外国人了解中国食物和中国文化,”他说。根据“I want more and more...to learn about Chinese food”和提示词可知,此处表达越来越多的外国人,more and more后接可数名词复数,foreigner变为复数形式foreigners。故填foreigners。
90.句意:“这样他们就能更好的了解中国,”他说。根据“they can have a...understanding about China”和提示词可知,此处表达更好地了解中国,good的比较级better“更好的”,修饰名词understanding。故填better。
C
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. The production involves over a hundred steps. It takes between 15 91 (day) and several months, depending on the umbrella’s design.
About the origin (起源) of the umbrella, 92 popular story has to do with Lu Ban. It is said that once he and his younger sister visited the West Lake. It started raining 93 (sudden). The sister said, “Let’s have a competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, whoever comes up with a way for people to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner”. Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and 94 (spend) the whole night building 10 pavilions (凉亭) around the lake. He was quite confident about his efforts.
The next morning, however, when Lu Ban was talking proudly about his achievements, his sister held something unusual in 95 (she) hand. It could be opened into a round shape, Lu Ban was surprised, He found that the object made of silk and bamboo strips (竹条) could be opened and closed easily. It was light, beautiful 96 easy to carry. Lu Ban said, “You win. Your pavilion can protect us 97 rain.” So the umbrella was invented.
Later, when paper was invented, people used much 98 (cheap) paper to take the place of silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas. 99 (make) the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil (桐油) across the surface. And the oil-paper umbrella 100 (use) as a water-proof (防水的) tool for daily use. That was how the oil-paper umbrella was invented.
【答案】91.days 92.a 93.suddenly 94.spent 95.her 96.and 97.from 98.cheaper 99.To make 100.was used
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统手工艺品——油纸伞被发明的故事。
91.句意:这需要15天到几个月的时间,取决于伞的设计。根据文中“It takes between 15…and several months”及提示词可知,此处指的是需要15天的时间,空处应为可数名词复数形式。故填days。
92.句意:关于伞的起源,有一个广为流传的故事与鲁班有关。根据文中“About the origin of the umbrella…popular story has to do with Lu Ban.”可知,此处是泛指一个广为流传的故事。“popular”,辅音音素开头。故填a。
93.句意:突然开始下雨了。根据文中“It started raining…”及提示词可知,此处指的是突然开始下雨,sudden“突然的”,形容词,空处应为其副词形式“suddenly”,修饰动词。故填suddenly。
94.句意:他收集了一些工具和材料,花了整个晚上在湖边建了10个亭子。根据文中“He collected some tools and materials and…the whole night building 10 pavilions around the lake.”及提示词可知,此处指的是他花了整个晚上时间,句子时态为一般过去时,连词“and”并列谓语动词应为动词过去式。故填spent。
95.句意:然而,第二天早上,当鲁班正在骄傲地谈论他的成就时,他的妹妹手里拿着一个不同寻常的东西。根据文中“his sister held something unusual in…hand. ”及提示词可知,此处指的是在她的手里拿着一个不寻常的东西。she“她”,人称代词主格形式,空处应为其形容词性物主代词。故填her。
96.句意:它又轻又漂亮,便于携带。根据文中“It was light, beautiful…easy to carry.”可知,此处指的是伞又轻又漂亮并且便于携带。and“并且”,并列“light、beautiful”和“easy to carry”。故填and。
97.句意:你的亭子可以保护我们免受雨淋。根据文中“Your pavilion can protect us…rain.”可知,此处指的是亭子保护我们免受雨淋,protect sb. from sth.“保护……免受……”,固定短语。故填from。
98.句意:后来,当纸被发明时,人们用更便宜的纸来代替丝绸,降低了雨伞的成本。根据文中“Later, when paper was invented, people used much…paper to take the place of silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas.”及提示词可知,此处指的是人们用更便宜的纸来代替丝绸,“much”修饰比较级,cheap“便宜的”,形容词,空处应为其比较级形式。故填cheaper。
99.句意:为了使伞防水,人们在伞面刷上桐油。根据文中“…the umbrella water-proof, people brushed tung oil across the surface.”及提示词可知,此处指的是为了使伞防水,动词不定式作目的状语,句首首字母大写。故填To make。
100.句意:油纸伞被用作日常使用的防水工具。根据文中“And the oil-paper umbrella…as a water-proof tool for daily use.”及提示词可知,油纸伞被用作防水工具。“oil-paper umbrella”和“use”之间为被动关系,句子时态为一般过去时,其被动语态结构为:was/were done。主语“the oil-paper umbrella”,名词单数作主语,be动词应为“was”,use“使用”,其过去分词“used”符合语境。故填was used。
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