精品解析：北京市朝阳区2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

北京市朝阳区2025~2026学年度第一学期期未英语 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yesterday I was flying home after a week away. We ____1____ our flight and left on time, but when we reached the destination, we were told the pilots were flying us to a smaller airport because of bad weather. When we deplaned, I figured out it was more-than-one plane that had been diverted (改变航线). Everybody was ____2____ where they didn’t want to be. People were all trying to get on the few flights leaving that evening. I kept checking my phone, only to discover I had been rebooked on a flight. Yay! I ran to the new gate, chose a seat, and scarfed my snacks since I hadn’t eaten lunch. Soon, my row was ____3____ by a 20-something woman in the middle. She ____4____ a conversation, and said that she felt ___5___ because she had a tight connecting flight. If she ____6____ it, she’d stay overnight in the airport. Not having eaten all day, she asked if there would be anywhere to buy food when we arrived at 9:45 p.m. I told her many places wouldn’t be open that late. Then, I handed her two rice bars, ____7____ she didn’t find food before her next flight. She was ____8____ , holding the snacks with her voice shaking a little. “Really? What are you going to eat?” I told her I’d be home an hour after we landed and I already knew dinner would be ____9____. But she could be traveling all night. The crew turned the lights off in the cabin, and I ____10____ listened to the bars crunching (嘎吱地嚼) for minutes. She needed them a lot more than I did! And yes, when I got home a couple of hours later, there was a bowl of warm noodles for me. 1. A. changed B. delayed C. boarded D. canceled 2 A. stuck B. dragged C. hidden D. invited 3. A. visited B. joined C. blocked D. reserved 4. A. cut in B. broke off C. kept up D. struck up 5. A. bored B. shocked C. worried D. confused 6. A. lost B. made C. found D. missed 7. A. even if B. as though C. so that D. in case 8. A. inspired B. touched C. satisfied D. interested 9. A. wasted B. packed C. waiting D. cooling 10. A. happily B. curiously C. confidently D. gratefully 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 语法填空。 On October 1, Jane Goodall passed away ____11____ (natural) at the age of 91. She was famous for being the first to observe chimpanzees use tools to catch termites (白蚁) in Tanzania. From 1985 onwards, she campaigned tirelessly ____12____ (protect) chimpanzees’ habitats, which made her a legendary figure whose story features in Chinese textbooks. Besides, she inspired generations to care for nature, ____13____ (prove) one person’s passion and perseverance can drive meaningful change for the planet. B 语法填空 Although positive energy is sometimes viewed as an abstract idea, it can be approached from various perspectives. Spiritually, positive energy is often associated with inner peace. Scientifically, energy can be measured ____14____ brainwaves and stress hormones. So far, research ____15____(show) our mental states directly influence our emotion. So, focusing on positive energy, we foster a general sense of well-being. Environment also matters. Choosing the very environment ____16____ offers calmness and inspiration, you can significantly improve your energy levels. C 语法填空。 Scientists found the oldest and most complete set of fossils of a dome-headed (圆顶头) dinosaur ____17____ (call) a pachycephalosaur. Pachycephalosaurs were plant-eating dinosaurs known for their thick domes. The fossils ____18____ (discover) in Mongolia in 2019. They include a complete skull, whose dome was fully grown, suggesting that the creatures likely practised head-hitting before maturity. The sample, which is between 108 million and 115 million years old, ____19____ (represent) a new species and can throw light on ____20____ these creatures developed. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) A The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that makes growing fresh, organic vegetables simple, all year round. With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest — monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort. How does the Plantaform work?  Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.  Built-in Technology: The Plantaform is equipped with sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring your plants receive consistent lighting even during the darkest winter months, regardless of outdoor conditions.  App-controlled: You can manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account. Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications:  when it’s time to remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air.  when it’s time to refill the water tanks, ensuring your plants always have enough water.  when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak.  when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each growth cycle ends. If you have further questions, please feel free to reach out to us at support@plantaform.com. We’re here to help you grow with confidence and success! 21. With the Plantaform, users can . A. operate a soil-based garden B. plant vegetables once a year C. harvest food with hard work D. grow plants without sunlight 22. How does the Plantaform work? A. It sends nutrition to the plants’ roots. B. It adjusts lighting to outdoor conditions. C. It examines the plants’ health with sensors. D. It requires separate accounts for each garden. 23. The Plantaform app will send a notification when . A. the water tank is too full B. the produce is perfectly ripe C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle ends D. the garden needs moving outside B Like many parents, we can only put off our kids’ asking for a dog so long until we finally give in. Last fall we looked through dog-rescue websites and, before long, adopted Etti, a spotted Dalmatian: It was rough at first because although Etti is a sweet, loving dog with us, she’s highly reactive to anything else that moves: people, dogs, cats, etc. Thankfully, we’ve found an excellent trainer. On a challenging training session during which I became frustrated, he said: “Sir, you don’t get the dog you want. You get the dog you need.” I remember thinking to myself, “Need? Do I really need an anxious, high-strung Dalmatian?” In fact, the last thing I needed was more stress in my already stress-filled life. Yet, over time, I’ve come to appreciate the wisdom of this expression. When I took Etti on a walk the other day, my whole body tensed up, scanning the environment for possible danger. An unsuspecting passer-by crossed the street toward us and Etti barked loudly. I said to her, “You’re so worked up today, Etti. What’s going on?” And then it hit me that throughout our walk I’d been the one who was tense and worried about the day ahead. In the end, maybe Etti was just acting out what I was feeling, serving as a good reminder that I need to pay attention to my moods and how they affect those — both dogs and humans — around me. Another notable thing about Etti is the ease with which she shifts from one mood to the next. Etti doesn’t keep thinking about what happened last week, yesterday, or even two minutes ago. Each moment for her is a new “now”. This isn’t to say that she’s not affected by her past. Etti is a rescue so who knows what she had to deal with in her previous life. However, she does not let it drag her down and determine what comes next, unlike most of us humans. When we were considering adopting Etti last fall, we read through her description on the rescue site and got a good laugh at the statement that she would need help “being the best dog she can be.” Yet, we had never thought that she was actually the one that guided us to be the better humans. 24. What bothered the author shortly after adopting Etti? A. Etti’s history as a rescue. B. Etti’s sensitivity to moving things. C. Etti’s need for professional training. D. Etti’s inability to get along with the family. 25. How did the author feel upon hearing the trainer’s words? A. Empowered. B. Hopeless. C. Appreciative. D. Unconvinced. 26. What does the story tell us about Etti? A. She got moody easily after receiving training. B. She reminded her owner to care about others. C. She mirrored her owner’s inner emotional state. D. She was free from the impact of her past experience. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Every dog has its day. B. Love me, love my dog. C. Misfortune betters character. D. With unexpected wisdom, we rise. C What’s the first thing you notice when you step into a museum? Is it the long-faded colors of ancient objects from all around the world or the whispered sounds of visitors discussing what they see? Museums allow us to indirectly “experience” the past by tapping into our primary senses, such as sight or hearing, but more often than not, smell is missing. We don’t think about smell when studying the past. One of the problems is that it is incredibly hard to study. The scents(香味) and smells had already been gone before archaeologists(考古学家) could come and study the sites. “New chemical and biomolecular (生物分子) methods in archaeology have kind of reopened the door to continue to study these things. Of course, what we have from ancient texts can also help a lot,” says Barbara Huber, an archaeochemist from Germany. “When we do find all these details, they can enrich our understanding of a lot of aspects of past ways of life, including medicine, trade and social status.” In the study of ancient materials, the study of trade and the incense road was always an interesting point for researchers. But the problem is that the incense road was often looked at from the perspective of classical scholars — namely texts from ancient Greece or ancient Rome. From the very beginning, the story of the incense road was told by outsiders, who were also not contemporary. “We don’t have any evidence from the earlier periods, the Iron Age and the Bronze Age in ancient Arabia,” Huber says. “So it was very interesting to track down molecular remains that can tell us a lot about ancient materials. In one case study, Huber and her team looked at the content of incense burners and found Peganum — a medicinal and psychoactive plant. They realized that in these incense burners, specifically, people actually used it for medicinal or psychoactive purposes. This was interesting because the practice of incense burning seems to not only be sensorial but also have this medicinal component. The study revealed something where we had absolutely no idea: medicinal practices in ancient Arabia. We, all of a sudden, had an idea of how people used their local pharmacopoeia — the document of medicinal ingredients issued by the government for treating illnesses; in this case, they burned Peganum and then probably breathed the smoke — not just applied it to the skin or drank it. The practice of burning incense is still part of people’s lives today, but it goes all the way back. And if we follow it to the roots of where it began, history isn’t something that we only see. 28. Why does the author raise two questions in Paragraph 1? A. To stress a prejudice. B. To compare phenomena. C. To reveal a limitation. D. To introduce an experience. 29. What can we learn from this passage? A. Incense remains helped identify ancient medicinal practices. B. Sensorial purposes of incense burning used to be overlooked. C. The use of medicinal incense needed approval from government. D. The trade on the incense road was witnessed by classical scholars. 30 What is the passage mainly about? A. Why smells are absent when we study the past. B. How archaeologists scent out smells of the past. C. How we can bring long-lost smells into modern life. D. Why challenges arise in the study of historical smells. D Nearly 2 million years ago, one of our ancestors developed bone cancer in their foot. The fate of this individual is unknown, but the fossilised remains leave no doubt that cancer has been a part of our story for a very long time. But these cancer cells weren’t the only internal threat our ancestors faced. Their survival was also threatened by individuals attempting to undermine the group. At the heart of the story is this question: is human nature selfish or altruistic, competitive or cooperative? The answer has profound implications for how we aim to structure society. If we are born altruists, then institutions are unnecessary. But if selfishness dominates, strong control is essential. In the language of evolutionary biology, we have a cooperation dilemma: there are situations where it is in our interest, to work with others, and there are situations where it is not. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call “invisible rivalry” — the ability to hide selfish, competitive intentions while maintaining the appearance of a cooperative nature. In other words, we evolved to compete in a cooperative world. This is where the analogy (类比) with cancer arises. Humanity’s long history of living with the disease means we have evolved biological mechanisms to reduce the risk it poses. Many reactions at the cellular level evolved to help our bodies fight off cancers. It is this strong immune system that explains why although we are frequently exposed to viruses, these often don’t lead to illness. Similarly, the threats to our social groups posed by the evolution of invisible rivalry led us to develop practices and institutions to maximize cooperation. I call this our cultural immune system. However, just as cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems, some individuals use their intelligence to destabilize the group’s social norms for their own benefit. To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination. But this isn’t going to happen until we first recognize the problem that invisible rivalry poses. In my view, the best way is through education. We are all part of the cultural immune system. If we understand our evolutionary heritage, we will be open-eyed to the danger that freeloaders pose to society and place our trust more clear-sightedly — much as the body’s defence system learns to recognize the agents associated with cancers to deal with them. We must work together to stay one step ahead of humanity’s opportunistic nature. Without beliefs, norms and a proper understanding of human nature, we are at the mercy of our selfish biological heritage. Evolution has made us this way but we can learn to overcome it. 31. What does the underlined word “altruistic” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Far-sighted. B. Humane. C. Self-interested. D. Adaptable. 32. What can be inferred about the cultural immune system? A It contributes to humanity’s competitiveness B. Human dishonesty is said to be its byproduct. C. Internal threats in society cannot escape from it. D It can be improved through enhancing cooperation. 33. What can we learn from this passage? A. The minority’s selfishness doesn’t mean cancers for society B. It is hard to maintain the appearance of a cooperative nature. C. We need agree on the fact that invisible rivalry brings harm D. The stability of society lies in humanity’s opportunistic nature. 34. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. The Cure for Social Ills B. The Mercy of Humanity C. The Value in Institutions D. The Root of Invisible Rivalry 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) For most of us, frisson, an intense emotional pleasure accompanied by tears and goosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩), is something that happens unexpectedly and rarely. But what if there was a way you could experience this feeling more? The answer may lie in the art of ”slow looking“. Slow looking is the act of observing an artwork for an extended period of time. That could be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hour, or even an entire day. ____35____ However, slow looking extends beyond a gallery setting. It’s similar to meditation (冥想), but it’s not limited to keeping us focused on the breath and closed eyes. ____36____ In many ways, it is the art of simply noticing, without distractions, and without giving in to the urge to make it a “productive” activity. So how to try slow looking? It might take some time to get used to. ____37____. Whether it’s observing a work of art, gardening, staring out the window during your next train journey, birdwatching, or pausing during a woodland walk to observe the plant life around you, there are countless ways to slow look every day. ____38____ When we slow down, the “rest and digest” mode of our nervous system rises up. This relaxation of mind creates space for new thoughts and feelings to surface. This is when we might start to notice small things in our environment. ____39____ We simply notice. We become the witness, causing a small yet profound shift that supports reduced anxiety, and improved overall well-being. A. Slow looking offers valuable mental benefits. B. But it’s something we could start adding to our daily life. C. Certain kinds of art may be better suited for slow looking than others. D. Experts recommend going to an art exhibition when there are fewer people. E. It is based on the idea that to understand an artwork, you need to spend time with it. F. Instead, it takes us out into the sensory world in which light shifts and wind whispers. G. For example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wing beats of a bird passing overhead reveal themselves. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 任务型阅读 Think about the toughest period of your life. The time you felt most lost, most challenged, most broken. It probably felt like an impassible wall, a dead end. But what if that wall was actually a doorway? What if the struggle itself was the very thing you needed to grow? There’s a beautiful, ancient Latin phrase that expresses this idea perfectly: Ad Astra per Aspera. It translates to ”a tough road leads to the stars,“ and it is one of the most powerful and inspiring philosophical ideas ever packed into four little words. This phrase isn’t some modern, feel-good statement. It’s old. Really old. It’s been adopted as a motto by countless families, cities, and even used by space programs, which is beautifully literal. The phrase has lasted for centuries because it speaks to a fundamental truth: greatness is not born from comfort. Let’s break it down. The “Aspera” part means “hardships” or “difficulties”. This isn’t just about minor inconveniences. It refers to the real, painful struggles of life-failure, loss, and doubt. Our modern culture often teaches us to avoid pain at all costs, to seek the smoothest, easiest path. But “Ad Astra per Aspera” challenges that view. It suggests that the “Aspera” is not a detour (绕道) from the path; it is the path. The “Astra” part of the phrase means “the stars”. The stars represent your biggest dreams, and your best self. It could be a specific goal, like starting a business or healing a relationship. Or it could be a state of being, like finding peace, wisdom, or purpose. The beauty of the phrase is that “the stars” are personal to you, but the message is universal: The journey to the stars is not a flight; it’s a climb up a jagged (崎岖的) mountain. 40. What does the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” literally mean? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why has the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” lasted for centuries? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The beauty of the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” is that both its message and the “Astra” are universal. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How can “Aspera” lead you to “Astra”? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你参加了题为“描绘城市色彩”(The Color of A City)的英语征文活动，你的外国好友 Jim 对你的征文内容很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你选择的城市和它的色彩; 2. 说明色彩选择的理由。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市朝阳区2025~2026学年度第一学期期未英语 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yesterday I was flying home after a week away. We ____1____ our flight and left on time, but when we reached the destination, we were told the pilots were flying us to a smaller airport because of bad weather. When we deplaned, I figured out it was more-than-one plane that had been diverted (改变航线). Everybody was ____2____ where they didn’t want to be. People were all trying to get on the few flights leaving that evening. I kept checking my phone, only to discover I had been rebooked on a flight. Yay! I ran to the new gate, chose a seat, and scarfed my snacks since I hadn’t eaten lunch. Soon, my row was ____3____ by a 20-something woman in the middle. She ____4____ a conversation, and said that she felt ___5___ because she had a tight connecting flight. If she ____6____ it, she’d stay overnight in the airport. Not having eaten all day, she asked if there would be anywhere to buy food when we arrived at 9:45 p.m. I told her many places wouldn’t be open that late. Then, I handed her two rice bars, ____7____ she didn’t find food before her next flight. She was ____8____ , holding the snacks with her voice shaking a little. “Really? What are you going to eat?” I told her I’d be home an hour after we landed and I already knew dinner would be ____9____. But she could be traveling all night. The crew turned the lights off in the cabin, and I ____10____ listened to the bars crunching (嘎吱地嚼) for minutes. She needed them a lot more than I did! And yes, when I got home a couple of hours later, there was a bowl of warm noodles for me. 1. A. changed B. delayed C. boarded D. canceled 2. A. stuck B. dragged C. hidden D. invited 3. A. visited B. joined C. blocked D. reserved 4. A. cut in B. broke off C. kept up D. struck up 5. A. bored B. shocked C. worried D. confused 6. A. lost B. made C. found D. missed 7. A. even if B. as though C. so that D. in case 8. A. inspired B. touched C. satisfied D. interested 9. A. wasted B. packed C. waiting D. cooling 10. A. happily B. curiously C. confidently D. gratefully 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者结束一周的行程乘飞机回家，航班虽准时起飞，却因天气原因备降小型机场。在改签后的航班上，作者遇到一位因担心赶不上转机而焦虑的女士，她还没吃饭。作者便将自己的米糕分给了她，这个小小的善举温暖了对方，也让作者收获了助人的快乐。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们登机后准时起飞，但抵达目的地时，却被告知由于天气恶劣，飞行员要把我们降落到一个更小的机场。A. changed改变；B. delayed延误；C. boarded登机；D. canceled取消。根据后文“left on time”可知，此处是先登机再起飞，“board a flight”为固定搭配，意为“登机”。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有人都被困在了自己不想待的地方。A. stuck困住；B. dragged拖拽；C. hidden隐藏；D. invited邀请。根据后文“where they didn’t want to be.”可知，航班因天气改降其他机场，乘客们无法抵达原定目的地，处于被困的状态，“be stuck”表示“被困住”。故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一位二十多岁的女士坐到了我这一排的中间座位。A. visited拜访；B. joined加入、落座；C. blocked阻挡；D. reserved预订。根据后文“by a 20-something woman in the middle”可知，作者已经选好座位，女士过来坐在同一排，“join”在此处表示“加入到（某排座位）中”。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她主动开启了一段对话，说自己很担心，因为她的转机航班时间很紧张。A. cut in插嘴；B. broke off中断；C. kept up维持；D. struck up开启（对话、友谊等）。根据后文“a conversation, and said”可知，女士主动和作者搭话，“strike up a conversation”是固定搭配，意为“主动攀谈”。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她主动开启了一段对话，说自己很担心，因为她的转机航班时间很紧张。A. bored无聊的；B. shocked震惊的；C. worried担心的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“she had a tight connecting flight”以及赶不上就要在机场过夜可知，女士内心很担忧。故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果错过这趟转机航班，她就得在机场过夜了。A. lost丢失；B. made做到；C. found发现；D. missed错过。根据前文“tight connecting flight”的语境，赶不上转机航班就会滞留，“miss”符合此处含义。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查连词短语辨析。句意：随后，我递给她两块米糕，以防她在下一趟航班前买不到吃的。A. even if即使；B. as though好像；C. so that以便；D. in case以防。作者担心女士后续买不到食物，所以提前给她米糕，“in case”引导目的状语从句，表“以防万一”。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她十分感动，拿着零食，声音微微有些颤抖。A. inspired受鼓舞的；B. touched感动的；C. satisfied满意的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据前文“Then, I handed her two rice bars”以及后文“holding the snacks with her voice shaking a little.”可知，素不相识的作者主动给她食物，女士内心充满感激和感动。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，我们降落一小时后我就能到家，而且我知道家里已经有晚餐在等着我了。A. wasted浪费；B. packed打包；C. waiting等待；D. cooling冷却。根据文末“there was a bowl of warm noodles for me”可知，作者回家就能吃到准备好的晚饭，“be waiting”符合语境。故选C项。 【10题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：机组人员调暗了客舱的灯光，我欣慰地听着她嘎嘣嘎嘣嚼米糕的声音，听了好一会儿。A. happily欣慰地、高兴地；B. curiously好奇地；C. confidently自信地；D. gratefully感激地。根据后文“listened to the bars crunching (嘎子地嚼) for minutes.”可知，作者看到自己的食物帮到了需要的人，内心是欣慰且开心的。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 语法填空。 On October 1, Jane Goodall passed away ____11____ (natural) at the age of 91. She was famous for being the first to observe chimpanzees use tools to catch termites (白蚁) in Tanzania. From 1985 onwards, she campaigned tirelessly ____12____ (protect) chimpanzees’ habitats, which made her a legendary figure whose story features in Chinese textbooks. Besides, she inspired generations to care for nature, ____13____ (prove) one person’s passion and perseverance can drive meaningful change for the planet. 【答案】11. naturally 12. to protect 13. proving 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了动物学家Jane Goodall生平贡献与深远影响。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：10月1日，Jane Goodall在91岁时自然离世。空处修饰动词短语passed away，需用副词形式，natural的副词形式为naturally。故填naturally。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从1985年起，她不知疲倦地发起运动，以保护黑猩猩的栖息地，这使她成为一位传奇人物，其事迹也被收录在中国的教科书中。本句已有谓语campaigned，空格处用非谓语形式，此处表目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，她激励了一代又一代人关爱自然，这也证明了一个人的热爱与毅力能够为地球带来有意义的改变。本句已有谓语inspired，空格处用非谓语形式，动词prove与逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，且动作与谓语动词inspired同时发生，所以空处需用现在分词proving作伴随状语。故填proving。 B 语法填空 Although positive energy is sometimes viewed as an abstract idea, it can be approached from various perspectives. Spiritually, positive energy is often associated with inner peace. Scientifically, energy can be measured ____14____ brainwaves and stress hormones. So far, research ____15____(show) our mental states directly influence our emotion. So, focusing on positive energy, we foster a general sense of well-being. Environment also matters. Choosing the very environment ____16____ offers calmness and inspiration, you can significantly improve your energy levels. 【答案】14. by 15. has shown 16. that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出正能量虽看似抽象，却可从多维度解读。 【14题详解】 考查介词。句意：从科学角度来说，能量可以通过脑电波和压力激素来测量。此处表示“通过某种方式或手段”，用来引出测量能量的具体载体，需用介词 by。故填by。 【15题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，研究已经表明我们的心理状态会直接影响情绪。时间状语So far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语research为不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，show的现在完成时结构为has shown。故填has shown。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：选择一个能带来平静与灵感的环境，你的能量水平会显著提升。先行词是the very environment，指物，且先行词被the very修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，需用that引导定语从句。故填that。 C 语法填空。 Scientists found the oldest and most complete set of fossils of a dome-headed (圆顶头) dinosaur ____17____ (call) a pachycephalosaur. Pachycephalosaurs were plant-eating dinosaurs known for their thick domes. The fossils ____18____ (discover) in Mongolia in 2019. They include a complete skull, whose dome was fully grown, suggesting that the creatures likely practised head-hitting before maturity. The sample, which is between 108 million and 115 million years old, ____19____ (represent) a new species and can throw light on ____20____ these creatures developed. 【答案】17. called 18. were discovered 19. represents 20. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家发现的最古老、最完整的肿头龙化石及其研究意义。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家发现了一套最古老、最完整的原顶头恐龙化石，这种恐龙被称为肿头龙。本句已有谓语found，空格处用非谓语形式，名词dinosaur与动词call之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词called作后置定语。故填called。 【18题详解】 考查动词时态与语态。句意：这些化石于2019年在蒙古国被发现。本句主语The fossils与动词discover之间是被动关系，且时间状语in 2019表示过去，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态were discovered。故填were discovered。 【19题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这一样本距今约1.08亿至1.15亿年，代表了一个新物种，并且可以帮助揭示这些生物的演化过程。本句主语The sample为单数，且与动词represent之间是主动关系，结合下文“and can”可知，此处应用一般现在时，所以空处需用动词的第三人称单数形式represents。故填represents。 【20题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这一样本距今约1.08亿至1.15亿年，代表了一个新物种，并且可以帮助揭示这些生物的演化过程。空处引导宾语从句，作短语throw light on的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，所以空处需用连接副词how。故填how。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) A The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that makes growing fresh, organic vegetables simple, all year round. With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest — monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort. How does the Plantaform work?  Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.  Built-in Technology: The Plantaform is equipped with sensors that monitor key environmental factors such as temperature, fan speed, and light levels. The smart LED lights in it can imitate (模仿) natural sunlight, ensuring your plants receive consistent lighting even during the darkest winter months, regardless of outdoor conditions.  App-controlled: You can manage as many Plantaform Indoor Gardens as you wish from the same Plantaform Account. Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications:  when it’s time to remove the protective cover to allow your young plants to grow in the open air.  when it’s time to refill the water tanks ensuring your plants always have enough water.  when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak.  when it’s time to run a Quick Cleaning Cycle after each growth cycle ends. If you have further questions, please feel free to reach out to us at support@plantaform.com. We’re here to help you grow with confidence and success! 21. With the Plantaform, users can . A. operate a soil-based garden B. plant vegetables once a year C. harvest food with hard work D. grow plants without sunlight 22. How does the Plantaform work? A. It sends nutrition to the plants’ roots. B. It adjusts lighting to outdoor conditions. C. It examines the plants’ health with sensors. D. It requires separate accounts for each garden. 23. The Plantaform app will send a notification when . A. the water tank is too full B. the produce is perfectly ripe C. a Quick Cleaning Cycle ends D. the garden needs moving outside 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款蛋形智能室内花园的功能、工作原理及配套应用的便捷服务。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With no need for sunlight or soil, just add water and nutrients, and the system’s autonomous features take care of the rest — monitoring water levels, temperature, and lighting, ensuring fresh food for home with little effort.(无需阳光和土壤，只需添加水和养分，该系统的自动功能便会接手其余工作——监测水位、温度和光照，从而轻松为家庭提供新鲜食物)”可知，用户使用该设备种植植物时不需要阳光。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据How does the Plantaform work?部分的“Nutrient Absorption: By creating a nutrient-rich fog from water and nutrients, the system delivers essential nutrition directly to the plants’ roots, resulting in healthier and faster-growing plants.(营养吸收：通过将水和营养物质混合形成富含营养的“雾气”，该系统能将必需的营养直接输送至植物的根部，从而使植物更加健康、生长速度更快)”可知，这款设备的工作原理之一是为植物根部输送营养。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据App-controlled部分的通知清单中的“Whether at home or in a workplace, you can control all your gardens conveniently within the app, and receive tailored notifications (无论在家中还是在工作场所，你都能在这款应用里便捷地操控所有的智能花园，还能接收个性化的通知提醒)”以及根据“when your plants are ready to be harvested, so you can enjoy fresh produce at its peak.(当你的植物可以收获时，让你能享用处于最佳状态的新鲜农产品)”可知，当种植的作物完全成熟时，应用会发送通知。故选B项。 B Like many parents, we can only put off our kids’ asking for a dog so long until we finally give in. Last fall we looked through dog-rescue websites and, before long, adopted Etti, a spotted Dalmatian: It was rough at first because although Etti is a sweet, loving dog with us, she’s highly reactive to anything else that moves: people, dogs, cats, etc. Thankfully, we’ve found an excellent trainer. On a challenging training session during which I became frustrated, he said: “Sir, you don’t get the dog you want. You get the dog you need.” I remember thinking to myself, “Need? Do I really need an anxious, high-strung Dalmatian?” In fact, the last thing I needed was more stress in my already stress-filled life. Yet, over time, I’ve come to appreciate the wisdom of this expression. When I took Etti on a walk the other day, my whole body tensed up, scanning the environment for possible danger. An unsuspecting passer-by crossed the street toward us and Etti barked loudly. I said to her, “You’re so worked up today, Etti. What’s going on?” And then it hit me that throughout our walk I’d been the one who was tense and worried about the day ahead. In the end, maybe Etti was just acting out what I was feeling, serving as a good reminder that I need to pay attention to my moods and how they affect those — both dogs and humans — around me. Another notable thing about Etti is the ease with which she shifts from one mood to the next. Etti doesn’t keep thinking about what happened last week, yesterday, or even two minutes ago. Each moment for her is a new “now”. This isn’t to say that she’s not affected by her past. Etti is a rescue so who knows what she had to deal with in her previous life. However, she does not let it drag her down and determine what comes next, unlike most of us humans. When we were considering adopting Etti last fall, we read through her description on the rescue site and got a good laugh at the statement that she would need help “being the best dog she can be.” Yet, we had never thought that she was actually the one that guided us to be the better humans. 24. What bothered the author shortly after adopting Etti? A. Etti’s history as a rescue. B. Etti’s sensitivity to moving things. C. Etti’s need for professional training. D. Etti’s inability to get along with the family. 25. How did the author feel upon hearing the trainer’s words? A. Empowered. B. Hopeless. C Appreciative. D. Unconvinced. 26. What does the story tell us about Etti? A. She got moody easily after receiving training. B. She reminded her owner to care about others. C. She mirrored her owner’s inner emotional state. D. She was free from the impact of her past experience. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Every dog has its day. B. Love me, love my dog. C. Misfortune betters character. D. With unexpected wisdom, we rise. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者收养救援犬Etti后经历，以及这只狗带给作者的意外成长与感悟。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was rough at first because although Etti is a sweet, loving dog with us, she’s highly reactive to anything else that moves: people, dogs, cats, etc.(一开始的日子很艰难，因为尽管埃蒂对我们温顺又黏人，但她对任何移动的物体都会表现出强烈的反应：比如人、狗、猫等等)”可知，作者刚收养Etti时，困扰作者的是Etti对移动物体的高度敏感。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段训练师的话“Sir, you don’t get the dog you want. You get the dog you need.(先生，你得到的不是你想要的狗，而是你需要的狗)以及第三段作者的内心想法“Need? Do I really need an anxious, high-strung Dalmatian? In fact, the last thing I needed was more stress in my already stress-filled life.(需要？我真的需要一只焦虑又紧张的斑点犬吗？事实上，我最不需要的就是在本就充满压力的生活里，再多添一份压力)”可知，作者听到这句话时并不信服。故选D项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“And then it hit me that throughout our walk I’d been the one who was tense and worried about the day ahead. In the end, maybe Etti was just acting out what I was feeling(我突然意识到，散步全程都是我自己在紧张，在为接下来的一天忧心忡忡。或许，埃蒂不过是把我的情绪表现了出来)”可知，Etti会映照主人内心的情绪状态。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，作者最初收养Etti满心困扰，却在相处中发现这只狗不仅映照出自己的情绪，还教会自己活在当下、不被过往束缚的道理，文末提到“Yet, we had never thought that she was actually the one that guided us to be the better humans.(然而，我们从未想过，竟是她指引着我们成为更好的人)”，所以从文章中学到了“意想不到的智慧，助我们成长”。故选D项。 C What’s the first thing you notice when you step into a museum? Is it the long-faded colors of ancient objects from all around the world or the whispered sounds of visitors discussing what they see? Museums allow us to indirectly “experience” the past by tapping into our primary senses, such as sight or hearing, but more often than not, smell is missing. We don’t think about smell when studying the past. One of the problems is that it is incredibly hard to study. The scents(香味) and smells had already been gone before archaeologists(考古学家) could come and study the sites. “New chemical and biomolecular (生物分子) methods in archaeology have kind of reopened the door to continue to study these things. Of course, what we have from ancient texts can also help a lot,” says Barbara Huber, an archaeochemist from Germany. “When we do find all these details, they can enrich our understanding of a lot of aspects of past ways of life, including medicine, trade and social status.” In the study of ancient materials the study of trade and the incense road was always an interesting point for researchers. But the problem is that the incense road was often looked at from the perspective of classical scholars — namely texts from ancient Greece or ancient Rome. From the very beginning, the story of the incense road was told by outsiders, who were also not contemporary. “We don’t have any evidence from the earlier periods, the Iron Age and the Bronze Age in ancient Arabia,” Huber says. “So it was very interesting to track down molecular remains that can tell us a lot about ancient materials. In one case study, Huber and her team looked at the content of incense burners and found Peganum — a medicinal and psychoactive plant. They realized that in these incense burners, specifically, people actually used it for medicinal or psychoactive purposes. This was interesting because the practice of incense burning seems to not only be sensorial but also have this medicinal component. The study revealed something where we had absolutely no idea: medicinal practices in ancient Arabia. We, all of a sudden, had an idea of how people used their local pharmacopoeia — the document of medicinal ingredients issued by the government for treating illnesses; in this case, they burned Peganum and then probably breathed the smoke — not just applied it to the skin or drank it. The practice of burning incense is still part of people’s lives today, but it goes all the way back. And if we follow it to the roots of where it began, history isn’t something that we only see. 28. Why does the author raise two questions in Paragraph 1? A. To stress a prejudice. B. To compare phenomena. C. To reveal a limitation. D. To introduce an experience. 29. What can we learn from this passage? A. Incense remains helped identify ancient medicinal practices. B. Sensorial purposes of incense burning used to be overlooked. C. The use of medicinal incense needed approval from government. D. The trade on the incense road was witnessed by classical scholars. 30. What is the passage mainly about? A. Why smells are absent when we study the past. B. How archaeologists scent out smells of the past. C. How we can bring long-lost smells into modern life. D. Why challenges arise in the study of historical smells. 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍考古学家借助化学与生物分子方法，研究古代气味以还原古人生活风貌。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“What’s the first thing you notice when you step into a museum? Is it the long-faded colors of ancient objects from all around the world or the whispered sounds of visitors discussing what they see? Museums allow us to indirectly “experience” the past by tapping into our primary senses, such as sight or hearing, but more often than not, smell is missing. (当你走进博物馆时，最先注意到的是什么？是来自世界各地的古老物件那早已褪去的色彩，还是参观者们低声讨论所见之物的声音？博物馆让我们能够通过视觉、听觉等主要感官间接“体验”过去，但气味往往是缺失的。)”可知，作者开篇提出两个问题，是为了引出博物馆体验中嗅觉的缺失这一局限，从而自然切入文章主题。故选C项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In one case study, Huber and her team looked at the content of incense burners and found Peganum — a medicinal and psychoactive plant. They realized that in these incense burners, specifically, people actually used it for medicinal or psychoactive purposes. This was interesting because the practice of incense burning seems to not only be sensorial but also have this medicinal component. The study revealed something where we had absolutely no idea: medicinal practices in ancient Arabia. (在一项案例研究中，胡贝尔及其团队对香炉内的残留物进行了分析，发现了骆驼蓬 —— 一种兼具药用价值与精神活性的植物。他们意识到，在这些特定的香炉中，人们实际上是将这种植物用于药用或精神活性方面的用途。这一发现十分有意思，因为焚香之举似乎不仅是为了获得感官上的享受，还兼具药用功效。该研究揭示了一项我们此前完全一无所知的内容：古代阿拉伯地区的医药实践。)”可知，香炉残留物帮助人们发现了古代阿拉伯的药用习俗。故选A项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇指出研究历史时嗅觉维度的缺失，接着介绍考古化学家用新的分子技术研究古代气味，再以香炉残留物的研究案例说明该技术如何还原古代药用焚香的习俗，整体围绕考古学家如何探寻古代气味展开。因此，B项“考古学家如何探寻过去的气味”最能概括全文主旨。故选B项。 D Nearly 2 million years ago, one of our ancestors developed bone cancer in their foot. The fate of this individual is unknown, but the fossilised remains leave no doubt that cancer has been a part of our story for a very long time. But these cancer cells weren’t the only internal threat our ancestors faced. Their survival was also threatened by individuals attempting to undermine the group. At the heart of the story is this question: is human nature selfish or altruistic, competitive or cooperative? The answer has profound implications for how we aim to structure society. If we are born altruists, then institutions are unnecessary. But if selfishness dominates, strong control is essential. In the language of evolutionary biology, we have a cooperation dilemma: there are situations where it is in our interest, to work with others, and there are situations where it is not. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call “invisible rivalry” — the ability to hide selfish, competitive intentions while maintaining the appearance of a cooperative nature. In other words, we evolved to compete in a cooperative world. This is where the analogy (类比) with cancer arises. Humanity’s long history of living with the disease means we have evolved biological mechanisms to reduce the risk it poses. Many reactions at the cellular level evolved to help our bodies fight off cancers. It is this strong immune system that explains why, although we are frequently exposed to viruses, these often don’t lead to illness. Similarly, the threats to our social groups posed by the evolution of invisible rivalry led us to develop practices and institutions to maximize cooperation. I call this our cultural immune system. However, just as cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems, some individuals use their intelligence to destabilize the group’s social norms for their own benefit. To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination. But this isn’t going to happen until we first recognize the problem that invisible rivalry poses. In my view, the best way is through education. We are all part of the cultural immune system. If we understand our evolutionary heritage, we will be open-eyed to the danger that freeloaders pose to society and place our trust more clear-sightedly — much as the body’s defence system learns to recognize the agents associated with cancers to deal with them. We must work together to stay one step ahead of humanity’s opportunistic nature. Without beliefs, norms and a proper understanding of human nature, we are at the mercy of our selfish biological heritage. Evolution has made us this way but we can learn to overcome it. 31. What does the underlined word “altruistic” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Far-sighted. B. Humane. C. Self-interested. D. Adaptable. 32. What can be inferred about the cultural immune system? A. It contributes to humanity’s competitiveness B. Human dishonesty is said to be its byproduct. C. Internal threats in society cannot escape from it. D. It can be improved through enhancing cooperation. 33. What can we learn from this passage? A. The minority’s selfishness doesn’t mean cancers for society B. It is hard to maintain the appearance of a cooperative nature. C. We need agree on the fact that invisible rivalry brings harm D. The stability of society lies in humanity’s opportunistic nature. 34. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. The Cure for Social Ills B. The Mercy of Humanity C. The Value in Institutions D. The Root of Invisible Rivalry 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨人性的利己与利他之争，并类比生物免疫系统提出文化免疫系统概念以应对群体内的隐形竞争。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“is human nature selfish or altruistic, competitive or cooperative?(人性是自私的还是altruistic的，是竞争性的还是合作性的？)”可知，划线词与 selfish（自私的）构成反义并列，与 cooperative（合作的）构成近义并列。所以划线的意思是“利他的；仁慈的”，与humane同义。故选B项。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Similarly, the threats to our social groups posed by the evolution of invisible rivalry led us to develop practices and institutions to maximize cooperation. I call this our cultural immune system.(同样地，随着无形竞争的不断演变，对我们的社会群体构成的威胁促使我们建立起各种实践和制度，以实现最大程度的合作。我将此称为我们的文化免疫系统)”以及第四段中的“To fight the enemy, we can boost the cultural immune system, much like how we can improve our biological immune systems through healthy lifestyles and vaccination.(为了对抗这一威胁，我们可以增强文化免疫系统，就像我们通过健康生活方式和接种疫苗来增强生物免疫系统一样)”可推知，文化免疫系统的核心是最大化合作，增强合作能提升该系统的效能。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“But this isn’t going to happen until we first recognize the problem that invisible rivalry poses.(但在我们首先认清隐形竞争带来的问题之前，这一切都不会发生)”可知，我们需要达成共识，承认隐形竞争会对社会造成危害。故选C项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕“人性的隐形竞争”这一社会问题展开，类比生物免疫系统提出“文化免疫系统”的解决方案，并指出教育是强化该系统的关键路径，核心是探讨解决社会弊病的方法。所以最佳标题为“社会弊病的解决之道（The Cure for Social Ills）”。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) For most of us, frisson, an intense emotional pleasure accompanied by tears and goosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩), is something that happens unexpectedly and rarely. But what if there was a way you could experience this feeling more? The answer may lie in the art of ”slow looking“. Slow looking is the act of observing an artwork for an extended period of time. That could be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hour, or even an entire day. ____35____ However, slow looking extends beyond a gallery setting. It’s similar to meditation (冥想), but it’s not limited to keeping us focused on the breath and closed eyes. ____36____ In many ways, it is the art of simply noticing, without distractions, and without giving in to the urge to make it a “productive” activity. So how to try slow looking? It might take some time to get used to. ____37____. Whether it’s observing a work of art, gardening, staring out the window during your next train journey, birdwatching, or pausing during a woodland walk to observe the plant life around you, there are countless ways to slow look every day. ____38____ When we slow down, the “rest and digest” mode of our nervous system rises up. This relaxation of mind creates space for new thoughts and feelings to surface. This is when we might start to notice small things in our environment. ____39____ We simply notice. We become the witness, causing a small yet profound shift that supports reduced anxiety, and improved overall well-being. A. Slow looking offers valuable mental benefits. B. But it’s something we could start adding to our daily life. C. Certain kinds of art may be better suited for slow looking than others. D. Experts recommend going to an art exhibition when there are fewer people. E. It is based on the idea that to understand an artwork, you need to spend time with it. F. Instead, it takes us out into the sensory world in which light shifts and wind whispers. G. For example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wing beats of a bird passing overhead reveal themselves. 【答案】35. E 36. F 37. B 38. A 39. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“慢观”这一方法可以让人更频繁地体验到强烈愉悦感展开，介绍了慢观的定义、适用场景、实践方法以及能带来的精神层面的益处。 【35题详解】 根据上文 “Slow looking is the act of observing an artwork for an extended period of time. That could be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hour, or even an entire day.(慢观是指对一件艺术品进行长时间的观察，时长可以是不间断的五分钟、一小时甚至一整天)” 可知，此空需要进一步阐释慢观的核心理念。E选项 “It is based on the idea that to understand an artwork, you need to spend time with it.(它基于这样一种理念：要理解一件艺术品，你需要花时间去品读它)” 中的“It”指代前文的“Slow looking”，承接慢观的定义，点明其背后的逻辑，符合语境。故选E项。 【36题详解】 根据上文 “However, slow looking extends beyond a gallery setting. It’s similar to meditation, but it’s not limited to keeping us focused on the breath and closed eyes.(然而，慢观的应用场景不止于画廊。它与冥想相似，但又不局限于专注呼吸和闭目静坐)” 可知，此空需要说明慢观与冥想的不同之处，引出慢观的特点。F选项 “Instead, it takes us out into the sensory world in which light shifts and wind whispers.(相反，它带我们走进感官的世界，去感受光影变幻、微风轻吟)” 中的“Instead”形成转折，承接前文“不局限于冥想的形式”，同时点明慢观是融入外界感官体验的方式，符合语境。故选F项。 【37题详解】 根据上文 “So how to try slow looking? It might take some time to get used to.(那么如何尝试慢观呢？这可能需要一些时间来适应)” 以及下文 “Whether it’s observing a work of art, gardening, staring out the window during your next train journey... there are countless ways to slow look every day.(无论是观赏艺术品、打理园艺，还是在下次火车旅途中凝望窗外……每天都有无数种慢观的方式)” 可知，此空需要起到过渡作用，表明慢观虽需适应，但可以融入日常生活。B选项 “But it’s something we could start adding to our daily life.(但这是一件我们可以开始融入日常生活的事) 中的“But”承接前文的“需要适应”，同时引出下文日常中的慢观方式，符合语境。故选B项。 【38题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为该段小标题，需概括下文内容。下文 “When we slow down, the “rest and digest” mode of our nervous system rises up. This relaxation of mind creates space for new thoughts and feelings to surface... supports reduced anxiety, and improved overall well-being.(当我们放慢节奏时，神经系统的“休息和消化”模式会被激活。这种精神上的放松为新的想法和感受的浮现创造了空间……有助于减轻焦虑，提升整体健康水平)” 可知，围绕慢观带来的精神益处展开。A选项 “Slow looking offers valuable mental benefits.(慢观能带来宝贵的精神益处)” 精准概括了本段核心内容，适合作小标题。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据上文 “This is when we might start to notice small things in our environment.(就在这时，我们可能会开始留意到环境中的细微事物)” 可知，此空需要列举环境中可以被留意到的具体细微事物。G选项 “For example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wing beats of a bird passing overhead reveal themselves.(例如，风中摇曳的树叶、头顶掠过的鸟儿振翅的声响，都会慢慢清晰地呈现在感知中)” 是对前文“small things”的举例说明，符合语境。故选G项。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 任务型阅读 Think about the toughest period of your life. The time you felt most lost, most challenged, most broken. It probably felt like an impassible wall, a dead end. But what if that wall was actually a doorway? What if the struggle itself was the very thing you needed to grow? There’s a beautiful, ancient Latin phrase that expresses this idea perfectly: Ad Astra per Aspera. It translates to ”a tough road leads to the stars,“ and it is one of the most powerful and inspiring philosophical ideas ever packed into four little words. This phrase isn’t some modern, feel-good statement. It’s old. Really old. It’s been adopted as a motto by countless families, cities, and even used by space programs, which is beautifully literal. The phrase has lasted for centuries because it speaks to a fundamental truth: greatness is not born from comfort. Let’s break it down. The “Aspera” part means “hardships” or “difficulties”. This isn’t just about minor inconveniences. It refers to the real, painful struggles of life-failure, loss, and doubt. Our modern culture often teaches us to avoid pain at all costs, to seek the smoothest, easiest path. But “Ad Astra per Aspera” challenges that view. It suggests that the “Aspera” is not a detour (绕道) from the path; it is the path. The “Astra” part of the phrase means “the stars”. The stars represent your biggest dreams, and your best self. It could be a specific goal, like starting a business or healing a relationship. Or it could be a state of being, like finding peace, wisdom, or purpose. The beauty of the phrase is that “the stars” are personal to you, but the message is universal: The journey to the stars is not a flight; it’s a climb up a jagged (崎岖的) mountain. 40. What does the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” literally mean? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why has the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” lasted for centuries? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The beauty of the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” is that both its message and the “Astra” are universal. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How can “Aspera” lead you to “Astra”? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. A tough road leads to the stars. 41. Because it speaks to a fundamental truth that greatness is not born from comfort. 42. The beauty of the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” is that both its message and the “Astra” are universal Explanation: According to the passage, the message of the phrase is universal, but “the stars” (Astra) are personal to each person. 43. Aspera refers to real and painful life struggles such as failure, loss and doubt. They are not detours but the necessary path that helps us grow and finally reach our biggest dreams and become our best selves. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要阐释拉丁谚语“Ad Astra per Aspera”的含义，点明磨难是实现梦想、成就自我的必经之路。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It translates to ”a tough road leads to the stars,“ and it is one of the most powerful and inspiring philosophical ideas ever packed into four little words.(它的意思是“艰难之路，通往星辰”，也是浓缩在这区区四个单词里、最具力量与感召力的哲学理念之一)”可知，“Ad Astra per Aspera”的字面意思是“艰难之路，通往星辰”。故填A tough road leads to the stars. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The phrase has lasted for centuries because it speaks to a fundamental truth: greatness is not born from comfort. (这句格言流传了数个世纪，因为它道出了一个基本真理：伟大并非源于安逸)”可知，该谚语流传数世纪的原因是它道出了“伟大并非源于安逸”这一基本真理。故填Because it speaks to a fundamental truth that greatness is not born from comfort. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The beauty of the phrase is that ‘the stars’ are personal to you, but the message is universal (这句格言的精妙之处在于，“星辰” 的含义因人而异，但它传递的道理却具有普适性)”可知，“Astra”（即the stars）是具有个体独特性的，并非普世的，只有传递的道理是普世的。故填The beauty of the phrase “Ad Astra per Aspera” is that both its message and the “Astra” are universal. Explanation: According to the passage, the message of the phrase is universal, but “the stars” (Astra) are personal to each person. 【43题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Let’s break it down. The “Aspera” part means “hardships” or “difficulties”. This isn’t just about minor inconveniences. It refers to the real, painful struggles of life-failure, loss, and doubt. Our modern culture often teaches us to avoid pain at all costs, to seek the smoothest, easiest path. But “Ad Astra per Aspera” challenges that view. It suggests that the “Aspera” is not a detour from the path; it is the path.(我们来拆解一下这句话的含义。Aspera一词代表着 “重重磨难” 或 “种种困境”。这绝非指那些微不足道的小麻烦，而是指人生中真切而痛苦的挣扎 —— 失败、失去与迷茫。现代社会的主流观念往往告诫我们要不惜一切代价规避痛苦，去追寻那条最平坦、最轻松的捷径。但拉丁语格言 “Ad Astra per Aspera” 却对这种观念提出了质疑。它昭示着这样一个道理：磨难并非通往目标之路上的绕行歧途，而是这条路本身)”和第四段的“The stars represent your biggest dreams, and your best self. (星辰象征着你最远大的梦想，以及你最理想的自我模样)”可知，“Aspera”指的是真实而痛苦的生活斗争，如失败、失去和怀疑。它们不是实现理想的阻碍，而是帮助我们成长并最终实现最大梦想、成为最好的自己的必经之路。故填Aspera refers to real and painful life struggles such as failure, loss and doubt. They are not detours but the necessary path that helps us grow and finally reach our biggest dreams and become our best selves. 第二节 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你参加了题为“描绘城市色彩”(The Color of A City)的英语征文活动，你的外国好友 Jim 对你的征文内容很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 你选择的城市和它的色彩; 2. 说明色彩选择的理由。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad you’re interested in my essay for the “The Color of A City” English writing competition. I chose Beijing, and in my view, the color that best represents it is red. Red is deeply rooted in Beijing’s culture and history. It symbolizes good luck and prosperity in Chinese culture. You can see this color everywhere in Beijing, from the red walls of the Forbidden City to the red lanterns hanging in hutongs. These red elements not only add a touch of traditional charm but also create a festive and energetic atmosphere. Moreover, red is associated with the revolutionary spirit. As the capital of China, Beijing has witnessed many historical events that have shaped the nation, and red reminds people of the sacrifices and efforts made by predecessors. What do you think of my choice? Looking forward to your thoughts. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生参加了题为“描绘城市色彩”(The Color of A City)的英语征文活动。请你用英文给Jim回复，告知你选择的城市和它的色彩；说明色彩选择的理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 代表：represent→stand for 繁荣：prosperity→boom 选择：choice→selection 传统的：traditional→conventional 2.句式拓展： 合并句子 原句：Red is deeply rooted in Beijing’s culture and history. It symbolizes good luck and prosperity in Chinese culture. 拓展句：Red is deeply rooted in Beijing’s culture and history, which symbolizes good luck and prosperity in Chinese culture. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m glad you’re interested in my essay for the “The Color of A City” English writing competition.（运用省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】You can see this color everywhere in Beijing, from the red walls of the Forbidden City to the red lanterns hanging in hutongs.（运用现在分词短语hanging in hutongs作后置定语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $