专题18 九下Modules 5-8（复习讲义）（外研版教材梳理）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题18 九下Modules5－8（复习讲义）（外研版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·思维导图·网络构建 3 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 10 考点3 重点句型 15 考点4 重点语法 18 04·优题精选·练能提分 23 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 · 掌握重点词汇： · 名词： agreement, harm, effort, invitation, calendar, balloon, knife, fork, spoon, cheeseburger, Italian, Westerner, West, wing, lady, gentleman, speaker, boss, secretary, quarter, industry, zero, Indian, type, handbag, beat, pancake, rose, kindness · 动词：catch, call, expect, require, paint, heat, serve, achieve, intend, fetch, laugh, give, try · 形容词：blind, physical, similar, cross, Indian, disappointed 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用从句 4. 熟练运用六大时态的用法 易混词辨析 · 掌握wound 与 hurt；missing, lost 与 gone；fall over, fall down 与 fall off；thanks to 与 because of；need to do sth. 与 need doing sth.；achieve 与 come true等易混词辨析 重点句型 · 掌握 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句 · 掌握比较级 + and + 比较级的句型 · 掌握here开头的倒装句的句型 · 掌握询问某地的人口数量的句型 重点语法 · 掌握六大时态的用法 · 掌握定语从句 · 掌握宾语从句 · 掌握状语从句 命题预测 单项选择聚焦易混词辨析（wound 与 hurt、missing/lost 与 gone 等）、how/what 引导的感叹句、here 开头的倒装句结构、情态动词用法，以及定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句的连接词选择和六大时态的辨析；完形填空侧重核心词汇（名词类 agreement、invitation 等，动词类 catch、achieve 等，形容词类 blind、similar 等）的语境匹配，结合易混词语境运用、比较级 + and + 比较级句型嵌套及从句时态呼应设空；语法填空考查核心词汇拼写变形、It is + 过去分词 + that 从句的结构补全、六大时态的动词形式变化，以及定语从句、宾语从句的引导词填空；选词填空聚焦易混词形式变形、核心动词短语搭配（如 try one’s best、achieve one’s goal 等）、形容词 / 副词语境选择，同时兼顾从句引导词与核心词汇的准确搭配。 考点1 重点词汇 1.happen 【教材原文】What do you think has happened to him?你认为他发生了什么事 happen作为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。 【主要用法】 ①发生 常用结构：sth. happen(s) to sb.某人发生某事（常指不好的事） ②happen为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 ③碰巧 · sb. happen(s) to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 · It happens+ that从句，碰巧…… 【例句】 A car accident happened to him this morning.今天早上他发生了一起车祸。 What happened to you?(= What was wrong/ the matter with you?)你怎么了？ I happened to see him in the science museum yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我碰巧在科学博物馆看见他了。 It happened that I was out when he came.他来时我碰巧出去了。 2.agreement 【教材原文】I thought we had an agreement to stay together.我原以为我们已经约定好要待在一起的。 【主要用法】 ①〔可数名词〕协议；协定 · have an agreement(not) to do sth.约定（不）做某事 · reach/ make an agreement with sb.与某人达成协议 ②〔不可数名词〕同意；意见一致(反义词：disagreement) 【例句】 · They had an agreement never to talk about work at home.他们约定在家中绝不谈工作。 · Finally, we made an agreement with each other.最终，我们双方达成协议。 · A decision will not be made until everyone is in agreement.所有人都达成一致才能作决定。 3.expect 【教材原文】Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century.现在出生的人的寿命有望比19世纪出生的人长约35年。 【主要用法】 expect〔及物动词〕 ①预料；预计后接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。 ②盼望；期望 · expect sth.期待某事 · expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事 【例句】 · We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.我们预计这个月的食物价格会上涨。 · He is expecting her letter.他正盼望着她的来信。 · He expected her to go with him.他期望她同他一起去。 4.require 【教材原文】In the past, people's jobs required more physical effort.过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力劳动。 require〔及物动词〕需要通常不用于进行时态。 【主要用法】 ①require sth.需要某物 ②require sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事 ③require+ that从句 需要……（从句谓语用“should+动词原形”, should可省略） ④sth. require(s) doing某事需要被做（用主动形式表示被动含义） 【例句】 · To speak to people in a foreign language requires courage.用外语与人交谈需要勇气。 · He was required to hand in his science report last week.上周他被要求上交他的科学报告。 · The situation required that I(should) go at once.这种情形需要我立刻去。 5.choose 【教材原文】 In fact, I was chosen to play the dance music.事实上，我被选去播放舞曲了。 【主要用法】 ①choose sth.选择某物 ②choose to do sth.选择做某事 ③choose sb. to do sth.选择某人做某事 ④choose sb. as...选举某人作为…… 【拓展】choice〔名词〕选择 make a choice作出选择 【例句】 · The animals chose the lion as the king of the forest.动物们选狮子作为森林之王。 · We choose him to be our monitor.我们选他当我们的班长。 · I'm choosing a gift for my mother.我正在为我妈妈选礼物。 · He chose to study in a junior school near his home.他选择到他家附近的一所中学学习。 · We each have to make a choice. 我们每个人都得作出选择。 6.no good 【教材原文】 Oh, soup's no good then.哦，那么汤不行。 【主要用法】no good 不适合 ①no good for sth.. 表示“不适合某事物”用 ②It's no good doing sth.做某事没用。 【例句】 · It's no good talking to her——she never listens.跟她讲没用，她从来都不听。 · The medicine is no good for colds. 这药不治感冒。 7.promise 【教材原文】You can enjoy it using your nose,fingers and tongue instead," promises the restaurant manager.“相反，你可以用你的鼻子、手指和舌头享受它，”餐厅经理承诺道。 【主要用法】 ①promise to do sth.承诺/答应做某事 ②promise sb. sth./ promise sth. to sb.向某人承诺某事 ③promise+ that从句 承诺/答应…… 【拓展】 promise〔可数名词〕诺言；许诺；承诺 · make a promise许下诺言 · keep a promise信守诺言 · break a promise违背诺言 【例句】 · They promised to arrive on time. 他们承诺准时到。 · Mum promised her a new dress for her birthday.妈妈答应送她一条新连衣裙庆祝生日。 · They promised that the children would be taken good care of. 他们承诺孩子们将受到很好的照顾。 8.own 【教材原文】Who owns English?英语属于谁？ 【主要用法】 ①〔及物动词〕有；拥有 ②〔形容词〕自己的；本人的 用在形容词性物主代词之后，以加强语气。 ③〔代词〕自己的；本人的 ④ owner〔可数名词〕物主，所有权人 【拓展】与own相关的常考短语： · on one' s own= by oneself单独地；独自地 · of one' s own属于某人自己的 【例句】 · Who owns the bike? 这辆自行车是谁的？ · He owns a car.他有一辆小汽车。 · It was her own idea.这是她自己的想法。 · It's not my own book.那不是我自己的书。 · They treated the child as if she were their own. 他们把那个孩子当作自己的孩子看待。 · She is the true owner of this house. 她是这所房子真正的主人。 9.advise 【教材原文】I advise you to go to an English corner so that you can improve your listening and speaking.我建议你去英语角，以便你能提高你的听力和口语（水平）。 【主要用法】 advise〔及物动词〕建议 · advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事 advice〔不可数名词〕建议，忠告；劝告 · a/ one piece of advice一条建议 【例句】 · She advised us to wait(for) one more day. 她建议我们再等一天。 · Could you give me some advice on how to learn English?你能给我一些关于怎样学习英语的建议吗？ 10.seem 【教材原文】Toby seems not to be as interested in schoolwork as he is in sport.托比对学业似乎不像他对体育运动那样感兴趣。 【主要用法】seem〔连系动词〕似乎；好像 ①主语+ seem(s)(+ to be)+表语 表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。to be通常可以省略。 ②主语+ seem(s)+不定式 ③It seems+ that从句.似乎…… 可与“seem+不定式”结构进行转换。 【例句】 · Tom seems(to be)a very clever boy. 汤姆似乎是一个非常聪明的男孩。 · Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分高兴。 · Mrs Green doesn't seem to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不喜欢这个主意。 · The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。 · It seems that he likes his new job. =He seems to like his new job. 他好像喜欢他的新工作。 11.refuse 【教材原文】Why does Betty refuse to eat before she leaves?贝蒂在离开前为什么拒绝吃东西呢？ 【主要用法】 ①〔及物动词〕拒绝；回绝 refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 注意refuse可接动词不定式作宾语，但是不能接动词-ing形式作宾语。 ②〔不及物动词〕拒绝 【例句】 · David refused his friend's invitation to the picnic. 戴维拒绝了他的朋友去野餐的邀请。 · I refused to answer the question. 我拒绝回答这个问题。 · I invited him to the party, but he refused. 我邀请他参加聚会，但是他拒绝了。 12.Pardon 【教材原文】Pardon?请再说一遍好吗？ 【主要用法】 ①〔感叹词〕对不起，请原谅 口语中用于礼貌地请求别人重复自己没听清或不理解的话。 Pardon?(= Pardon me?)表示“什么？” “请再说一遍好吗？”。 ②〔及物动词〕原谅；宽恕 pardon sb. for(doing) sth.原谅某人（做）某事 ③〔名词〕原谅；宽恕；赦免 ask/ beg one' s pardon请求某人原谅或赦免 【例句】 · ——How do you usually go to school? 你通常怎样去上学？ ——Pardon? 请再说一遍好吗？ · We should pardon the young man for his fault. 我们应该原谅这个年轻人的过错。 · He asked the teacher's pardon for being late. 他请求老师原谅他迟到。 13.intend 【教材原文】Do you intend to stay in China for long, Tony?托尼，你打算在中国待很长时间吗？ 【主要用法】intend〔及物动词〕计划；打算 ①intend to do sth. = intend doing sth.打算做某事 ②intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 ③intend+ that从句 打算…… 从句常用虚拟语气，从句谓语用(should+)动词原形。 【例句】 · He intended to travel all over China. 他打算在中国各地游览。 · She doesn't intend staying long. 她不打算长期逗留。 · He intends me to help him with his maths. 他打算让我帮他学数学。 · She intended that her daughter should learn to play the piano. 她打算让她的女儿学习弹钢琴。 14.touch 【教材原文】We' ll always stay in touch.我们会一直保持联系。 【主要用法】 · stay in touch 保持联系 相当于keep in touch. · stay/ keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系 · get in touch with sb.与某人取得联系 · lose touch with sb.与某人失去联系 【例句】 · Please stay/ keep in touch by phone during your stay here. 你在这儿逗留期间，请保持电话联系。 · Stay/ Keep in touch with your friends. 要与你的朋友们保持联系。 · I finally got in touch with my old classmate. 我终于与我的老同学取得了联系。 · They lost touch with each other several years ago. 他们几年前彼此失去了联系。 1．（2025九年级上·全国·专题练习）We all hope that the World Cup will ________ in our country in the near future. A．hold B．be happened C．take place D．be taken place 2．（24-25九年级上·福建泉州·月考）—Did your mother allow you to go to watch the film Titanic? —Yeah, she nodded to show her ________. A．kindness B．agreement C．action 3．（25-26九年级上·甘肃武威·期末）All the students are expected ________ the important meeting and learn something new. A．attending B．attend C．to attend D．attended 4．（25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考）— The computer requires ________. — I think I need to ask Mr. Ma for help. A．fixing B．to fix C．fixes D．fix 5．（2025·天津·模拟预测）My father promised ________ me to listen to Goubuli Stuffed Bun, a famous play of Tianjin Kuaiban. A．take B．takes C．taking D．to take 6．（22-23七年级下·江苏泰州·月考）I want to have ________ garden ________ flowers. A．my own; full of B．of my own; full of C．my own; fill with D．I own; filled with 考点2 易混词辨析 1. wound 与 hurt 【易混淆辨析】 ①wound 作名词：“创伤；伤口”，尤指战场上因枪弹造成的严重外伤。作动词：“使受伤”，宾语是整个人，而非受伤部位。形容词形式：wounded受伤的。 ②hurt 作及物动词：“使受伤；伤害”，可指肉体受伤，也可指伤害感情/自尊心。作不及物动词：“痛”，强调某部位疼痛，可用于肉体或精神创伤。 【例句】 · The boy had a wound in his arm. 那个男孩的胳膊受伤了。 · The hunter wounded a rabbit. 猎人打伤了一只兔子。 · They sent the wounded woman to the hospital. 他们把受伤的女士送到了医院。 · My leg still hurts. 我的腿还在疼。 · That will hurt her feelings. 那会伤害她的感情。 2. missing, lost 与 gone 【易混淆辨析】 missing：“不见的；失踪的”，强调人/物不在原处，多作定语，也可作表语。 lost：“丢失的”，含“丢失后难以找回”的意味；还可表示“迷路的”，可作表语/定语。 gone：“丢失的；逝去的”，含“一去不复返”的意味，只能作表语/补语，不能作定语。 【例句】 · Police are searching the woods for the missing children. 警察正搜索树林寻找失踪的孩子。 · My dictionary is missing. Who's seen it anywhere? 我的字典不见了，谁看到了？ · He got lost in the forest. 他在森林里迷路了。 · The chance is gone forever. 这个机会永远失去了。 3. fall over, fall down 与 fall off 【易混淆辨析】 fall over：“跌倒”，强调向前摔倒。 fall down：“倒下”，强调向下倒。 fall off：“跌落”，强调从某处跌落/掉下来。 【例句】 · Children often fall over while coming down the stairs. 小孩子经常在下楼时摔倒。 · My younger brother fell over and hurt his legs. 我弟弟跌倒并把腿摔伤了。 · The sky won't fall down. 天不会塌下来。 · She fell off her bike and broke her arm. 她从自行车上摔下来，摔断了胳膊。 4. thanks to 与 because of 【易混淆辨析】 thanks to：“多亏；归功于”，多用于表达正面意思，相当于“感谢”，在句中作状语。 because of：“由于；因为”，强调因果关系，在句中作状语。 【例句】 · Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries. 多亏了英语，我们能从其他国家学到很多。 · Thanks to your advice, much trouble had been saved. 多亏你的建议，我们省了很多麻烦。 · Because of his bravery, he won the game. 他因为勇敢赢得了比赛。 5. need to do sth. 与 need doing sth. 【易混淆辨析】 need to do sth.：“需要做某事”，表示有义务/责任去做，主语是人。 need doing sth.：主动形式表被动，意为“某事需要被做”，相当于 sth. need to be done，主语是物。 【拓展】need 作情态动词时，后接动词原形，常用于否定句/疑问句。 【例句】 · Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗？ · We don't need it any more. 我们不再需要它了。 · The room needs cleaning (= needs to be cleaned). 房间需要打扫。 · You needn't leave now. 你现在不必离开。 6. have/has been to, have/has gone to 与 have/has been in 【易混淆辨析】 have/has been to：“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里，可与 once/twice/never/ever 等连用。 have/has gone to：“到某地去了”，说话时人不在现场，一般不用第一/二人称作主语。 have/has been in：“在某地待了多久”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 【例句】 · My grandpa has never been to Beijing.我爷爷从未去过北京。 · I have been to Shanghai many times.我去过上海很多次。 · He has gone to London.他去伦敦了。 · They have been in China for 5 years.他们在中国待了5年。 7. achieve 与 come true 【易混淆辨析】 achieve：“成功；实现”，主语通常是人，宾语可以是目标、胜利、名誉等。 come true：“实现”，主语通常是梦想、愿望等。 【例句】 · The young man has achieved his goal of becoming a singer. 这个年轻人实现了当歌手的目标。 · It takes hard work to achieve success. 成功需要努力。 · I believe I can achieve my dream. 我相信我能实现梦想。 · I hope my dream will come true. 我希望我的梦想会实现。 8. including, include 与 included 【易混淆辨析】 including：介词，“包括；包含”，后接名词/代词/动词-ing 形式，构成介宾短语。 include：动词，“包括”，在句中作谓语。 included：形容词，“包括在内的”，用于名词/代词后，构成 including + 名词/代词 = 名词/代词 + included。【例句】 · The band sang many songs, including some of my favourites. 乐队唱了很多歌，包括我最喜欢的一些。 · There are 40 students in the classroom, including me. 教室里有40名学生，包括我。 · Her hobbies include swimming and gardening. 她的爱好包括游泳和园艺。 · Everyone laughed, me included (= including me). 每个人都笑了，包括我。 9. beat 与 hit 【易混淆辨析】 beat：强调连续性或反复性地“打”，如心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等；也可表示“打败”。过去式为 beat，过去分词为 beaten。 hit：表示有意或无意地“打/撞”，往往含有重重一击或用力敲打之意。 【例句】 · When you're close to me, I can feel your heart beating. 当你靠近我时，我能感觉到你的心跳。 · They beat drums to cheer on the players. 他们擂鼓给运动员加油。 · If we don't prepare for the speech contest, they will beat us. 如果我们不为这场演讲比赛做准备，他们就会打败我们。 · The car ran out of control and hit a tree. 汽车失去控制，撞在了树上。 · She's alive—her heart is still beating. 她没死，她的心脏还在跳动。 10. fetch, bring 与 take 【易混淆辨析】 fetch：指去较远的人/物所在地接（取）到该人/物后返回出发地，意为“去接（拿）来”。 bring：一般指从别处带到说话者处，意为“带来”。 take：一般指从说话者处带到别处，意为“带走”。 【例句】 · Fetch me some water, please. 请去给我取些水。 · I left my dictionary at home. I'll fetch it right now. 我把词典忘在家里了。我马上去取。 · She's gone to fetch the kids from school. 她去学校接孩子了。 · He brought us some good news. 他给我们带来了一些好消息。 · Please take these books to the library for me. 请替我把这些书带到图书馆去。 11. laugh 与 smile 【易混淆辨析】 laugh：指“大笑”，强调笑出声音；短语 laugh at sb. 意为“嘲笑某人”。 smile：指“微笑”，强调没有笑出声音；短语 smile at sb. 意为“对某人微笑”，一般指友善的笑。 【例句】 · He always makes me laugh. 他总是引我发笑。 · It's impolite to laugh at others. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。 · I told a joke and everyone laughed. 我讲了个笑话，大家都笑了。 · If we smile at life, life will smile at us in return. 如果我们笑对生活，生活也会回报我们以微笑。 12. repair, mend 与 fix 【易混淆辨析】 repair：修理对象范围很广，从房屋、机器到日常生活必需品，指使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。 mend：指恢复某物原来的样子（包括用针线来缝补），一般指较小之物。 fix：表示需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实、将分离的物体各部分装配起来等，也常用来指修理机器。 【例句】 · These men are repairing the road. 这些人正在修路。 · I'll have my watch repaired; it doesn't work. 我得让人修修我的手表，它不走了。 · This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衬衫太旧了，不能补了。 · The workers are fixing the machine. 工人们正在修理机器。 1．（2022·江苏南京·一模）For soccer fans around the world, the 2022 FIFA World Cup is a big event that can’t _______. A．lose B．be lost C．miss D．be missed 2．（2017·江苏南京·一模）Mary works very hard because she doesn’t want to _____________ in her lessons. A．fall down B．fall back C．fall over D．fall behind 3．（2021九年级·全国·专题练习）Thanks ________ inviting me to your party. A．with B．for C．of D．to 4．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）The clothes need ________, but you ________ do that by yourselves. A．washing; needn’t B．washing; needn’t to C．to be washed; don’t need 5．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—Tom __________ the library and he __________ there for 10 minutes. —Oh, I will go there, too. A．have gone to, have been to B．has gone to, has been C．has gone to, has been in 6．（2025·四川内江·三模）—My camera is in my bedroom. Could you ________ it for me? —Of course, Dad. A．bring B．take C．fetch D．carry 考点3 重点句型 1.It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. 【重点句型】 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句；it 作形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句；that 在从句中不作成分、无实际意义。同类拓展：It is said that…（据说……）、It is reported that…（据报道……）。 【例句】 · It is thought that many families will have smart robots at home in the future. 人们认为未来很多家庭都会在家中配备智能机器人。 · It is said that a new library will be built in our town next year. 据说我们镇上明年会新建一座图书馆。 2. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. 【重点句型】 比较级 + and + 比较级，意为“越来越……”；多音节/部分双音节词需用 more and more + 形容词/副词原级。 【例句】 · The environment in our city is getting cleaner and cleaner with everyone's efforts. 在大家的努力下，我们城市的环境变得越来越干净了。 · More and more students begin to realize the importance of reading classic books. 越来越多的学生开始意识到阅读经典书籍的重要性。 3. Here are five rules for a healthy life. 【重点句型】here开头的倒装句 此处句式为以here开头的完全倒装句，意为“这是……；这儿有……”，be动词的数应与后面的主语保持一致。 ①当主语是代词时，句子主谓不倒装，即“Here+主语（代词）+谓语。” ②当主语是名词时，句子要完全倒装，即"Here+谓语+主语（名词）。" 【例句】 · Here is a useful tip for you to improve your listening skills. 这里有一个帮助你提升听力技巧的实用小窍门。 · Here they come—our school basketball team won the championship! 他们来了，我们学校的篮球队赢得了冠军。 4. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks if you haven't tried before. 【重点句型】 主语 + find + it + 形容词 + to do sth.；it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语；同类动词：think/feel/consider。 【例句】 · She finds it interesting to learn about different traditional festivals around the world. 她觉得了解世界各地不同的传统节日很有趣。 · We think it necessary to take notes carefully during English class. 我们认为在英语课上认真记笔记是很有必要的。 5. How much progress do you think you've made in English this year, Lingling? 【重点句型】 (1) how much ①多少 用于询问不可数名词的量。 ②多少钱 常用于“How much+ be动词+主语？”结构，其答语为“It is...”或“They are...”. 【拓展】“What's the price of...?”也是询问物品价格的常用句型，其答语为“It is...”. ③多么 用来表示程度。 【拓展】 how many多少 用来询问可数名词的数量，后接可数名词的复数形式。 【例句】 · ——How much is the pen?这支钢笔多少钱？ ——It's five yuan.5元钱。 · How much rice is there in the bag? 袋子里有多少大米？ · How much time do you spend practicing English every day? 你每天花多少时间练习英语？ · How much do you know about the history of the Olympic Games? 你对奥林匹克运动会的历史了解多少？ 6. English is now used by nearly a quarter of the world's population. 【重点句型】 ①询问某地的人口数量时用句型"What's the population of...?"或“How large is the population of...?”. ②表示某地有多少人口时，常用“某地+has a population of...”,相当于“The population of+某地+ is...”. 【例句】 · ——What's the population of your city? 你们城市有多少人口？ ——It's about one million.大约 100万。 · It had a population of over seven million by 2018.截至2018年，它有700多万人口。 · The population of India is very large and it keeps growing these years. 印度的人口数量非常庞大，并且这些年一直在持续增长。 · Over 40 percent of the population in this village are farmers. 这个村子里超过百分之四十的人口是农民。 7. I hope so. 【重点句型】对对方提出的问题作肯定回答。so指刚提及的事情，代指上文的整个句子或句子中的一部分，以避免重复。 so 代指前文提及的肯定内容，not 代指否定内容，避免重复；否定形式只能用 I hope not.，不能说 I don't hope so. 【例句】 · —Will our school hold the English corner this Friday? 我们学校这周五会举办英语角吗？ —I hope so. 我希望会。 · —Will the sports meeting be canceled because of the rain? 运动会会因为下雨而取消吗？ —I hope not. 我希望不会。 8. Here's to our friendship, everyone...and to the future! 【重点句型】 Here's to + 名词/名词短语，是祝酒常用语，意为“为……干杯”。 【例句】 · Here's to our teachers who have helped us a lot in our study! 为在学习上给予我们诸多帮助的老师们干杯！ · Here's to the wonderful time we spent together in the summer camp! 为我们在夏令营共度的美好时光干杯！ 1．（2026·甘肃天水·一模）If you want to avoid making mistakes in exams, you need to be ________ and more serious with every question. A．more careless B．more careful C．more important D．more successful 2．（2024·云南丽江·二模）After receiving a lot of hard training, Jia Lin becomes ________. A．thinner and thinner B．thin and thin C．thinnest D．the thinner 3．（2020·湖南长沙·三模）—I’m waiting for the visitors for quite a while. —Look! Here ________ the visitors. A．come B．comes C．is coming 4．（2025九年级上·江苏常州·专题练习）Many students find it hard ________ decisions on their own without parents’ help. A．making B．make C．to make D．made 5．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）As a teacher, Mrs Zhu finds ________ important to help and care about every student. A．her B．it C．herself D．that 6．（25-26九年级上·甘肃白银·期末）I find ________ difficult ________ English movies because I can’t understand what they say. A．it; to watch B．it; watching C．it; watch D．it’s; watching 7．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·期中）—Which country has the ________ population in the world? —China. It’s a little ________ than that of India. A．most; more B．biggest; bigger C．more; most D．bigger; biggest 8．（23-24九年级下·江苏南通·月考）—________ the population of India? —It has a population of over one billion. It is ________ population in the world. A．What is; the second largest B．How much is; the second largest C．What is; the second larger D．How much is; the second larger 考点4 重点语法 一、初中核心时态（以动词teach为例） 【语法概述】 时态是英语中表示动作发生时间与状态的核心语法，不同时态通过谓语动词的结构变化来体现动作的时间特征。 【用法】 时态 用法 常用时间状语 一般现在时 表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态 often, always, usually, every day等 一般过去时 表示过去发生或存在的动作/状态 just now, yesterday, last week, ...ago等 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 tomorrow, next week, in the future等 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作 now, at this moment, these days等 过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻/段正在进行的动作 at this time yesterday, from...to...yesterday等 现在完成时 表示过去动作对现在的影响，或动作从过去持续到现在 already, just, yet, for, since, so far等 【例句】 一般现在时：He teaches us English.（他教我们英语。） 一般过去时：Mr Wang taught me English a few years ago.（几年前王先生教过我英语。） 一般将来时：I will teach English in high school after graduation.（毕业后我将在一所高中教英语。） 现在进行时：He is teaching primary school pupils now.（他现在正在教小学生英语。） 过去进行时：He was teaching elderly people to dance at this time yesterday.（昨天这个时候他正教一群老年人跳舞。） 现在完成时：I have taught English for about twenty years.（我已经教了大约20年英语了。） 二、被动语态 【语法概述】 被动语态由“助动词be + 动词过去分词”构成，用来强调动作的承受者，说明主语是动作的对象。 【用法】 1. 基本结构：根据时态变化助动词be的形式，后接动词过去分词。 2. 特殊结构转换： 含短语动词的主动句变被动时，需将短语动词视为整体，不可拆分。 含双宾语的主动句变被动时，可将间接宾语或直接宾语变为主语。 使役/感官动词（如make, see）的主动句变被动时，需还原省略的to。 3. 特殊用法：部分系动词（feel, taste等）和动词（sell, write等）可用主动形式表被动意义。 【例句】 基本被动：English is spoken by people here.（这儿的人们说英语。） 短语动词被动：Old people are taken good care of in China.（在中国，老年人被照顾得很好。） 双宾语被动：I was bought a new coat by my father.（我爸爸给我买了一件新外套。） 使役动词被动：He was seen to play football by me.（我看见他踢足球了。） 主动表被动：The food tastes delicious.（这食物尝起来很美味。 三、状语从句 【语法概述】 状语从句是在句中作状语的从句，用来修饰主句的动作或状态，可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较等逻辑关系。 【用法】 1.时间状语从句 引导词：when, while, before, until，since， as soonas等 要点： · 当主句是祈使句或使用一般将来时时，从句需要用一般现在时。 · ​when与while的区别：when既可指时间点，也可指时间段；while只指时间段。 · ​until的用法：如果主句的谓语动词是终止性动词，要使用not...until的结构。 2.地点状语从句 引导词：where 要点：区分where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句的关键是：定语从句的前面有先行词，而地点状语从句没有。 3.原因状语从句 引导词：because, since, as等 要点：语气：because > since > as；because不与so连用 4.条件状语从句 引导词：if, unless等 要点：主句用将来时/祈使句时，从句用一般现在时 5.目的状语从句 引导词：so that, in order that等 要点：从句常含情态动词（如can, may） 6.结果状语从句 引导词：so...that, such...that等 要点：so修饰形容词/副词，such修饰名词 7.让步状语从句 引导词： although, though等 要点：不与but连用 比较状语从句 than, as等 比较对象需为同类事物 【例句】 时间状语：When I knocked at the door, I was sleeping.（我敲门的时候，我正在睡觉。） 原因状语：Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday because she was ill.（贝蒂昨天没去看电影，因为她生病了。） 条件状语：We will go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow.（如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。） 结果状语：He is so young that he can't look after himself.（他太小了，不能照顾自己。） 四、动词不定式 【语法概述】 动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成（否定形式为not to do），在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等成分。 【用法】 1. 作主语：常用it作形式主语，不定式后置。 2. 作宾语：want, decide, hope, agree等动词后常接不定式作宾语。 3. 作宾语补足语：部分动词后接不定式作宾补，有的需带to，有的不带to（被动句需还原to）。 4. 作状语：主要表目的、结果或原因。 5. 作定语：置于所修饰的名词/代词之后，作后置定语。 【例句】 作主语：It's very important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要。） 作宾语：The Smiths have decided to buy a house near the sea.（史密斯一家已经决定买海边的房子。） 作宾补：My parents don't allow me to stay up late.（我父母不允许我熬夜。） 作状语：He came to Beijing to have a meeting.（他来北京开会。） 作定语：I'd like something to drink.（我想要些喝的东西。） 五、宾语从句 【语法概述】 宾语从句是在句中作宾语的从句，由引导词连接主句和从句，需注意引导词、时态、语序三大核心规则。 【用法】 1. 引导词： that：无词义，在从句中不作成分，可省略。 if/whether：意为“是否”，不可省略；与or not连用时用whether。 连接代词/副词（what, why等）：在从句中作成分，有具体含义，不可省略。 2. 时态： 主句为一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用任何时态。 主句为过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（客观真理除外）。 3. 语序：从句必须用陈述语序（引导词+主语+谓语）。 4. 否定转移：主语为第一人称且谓语为think, believe等动词时，否定词转移到主句。 【例句】 that引导：He said (that) he could finish his work before supper.（他说他能在晚饭前完成工作。） if引导：I don't know if he still lives here after so many years.（我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这里。） 连接副词引导：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting?（你能告诉我你为什么开会迟到吗？） 否定转移：I don't believe he will come.（我相信他不会来。） 六、定语从句 【语法概述】 定语从句是在句中作定语的从句，用来修饰名词或代词（先行词），由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中充当一定成分。 【用法】 1. 关系代词： that：指人/物，作主语/宾语；在特定情况（如先行词为不定代词、被only修饰等）下只能用that。 which：指物，作主语/宾语；介词后或非限制性定语从句中只能用which。 who：指人，作主语/宾语。 whom：指人，作宾语。 whose：表所属关系，作定语。 2. 关系副词：when（时间）、where（地点）、why（原因），在从句中作状语。 3. 省略规则：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 4. 主谓一致：从句谓语动词需与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 【例句】 who引导：The students love the teachers who can make their lessons fun.（学生们喜欢那些能让课堂有趣的老师。） that引导：Everything that comes into sight is so new to me.（映入眼帘的一切对我来说都很新鲜。） which引导：He didn't pass the exam, which disappointed his mother.（他没通过考试，这让他妈妈很失望。） whose引导：This is the boy whose father is a doctor.（这就是那个父亲是医生的男孩。） 1．（2026·上海松江·一模）Mr Li ________ to the South Pole if he finds experienced explorers to go with him. A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．has travelled 2．（2026·上海松江·一模）AI-powered robots ________ in many Chinese hotels to serve customers back in 2021. A．are used B．were used C．have been used D．had been used 3．（2026·安徽亳州·一模）Mary ________ for her excellent drawing in the school art competition last week. A．praised B．was praised C．was praising D．has praised 4．（2026·上海松江·一模）My parents still booked the flight tickets for our winter holiday ________ the prices were high. A．if B．until C．because D．although 5．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Lisa keeps improving her work ________ the final result matches the design in her mind. A．if B．until C．when D．since 6．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）The shop will stay closed ________ someone fixes the door before noon. A．although B．so that C．because D．unless 7．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）—Could you tell me ________ you spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter? —We had a family get-together and went to an amusement park. A．what B．when C．how D．where 8．（2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—I wonder if Li Hua ______ to the party tomorrow. —I think she will come if she ______ free. A．comes; is B．will come; is C．comes; will be D．will come; will be 9．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Zhang Hong, a Chinese man, is the first Asian blind climber has reached the top of Qomolangma. A．when B．whose C．which D．who 10．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）Since the new rules were introduced, many complaints ________. A．is made B．was made C．have been made D．will be made 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—I didn’t see you at the party last night, Anna. We (expect) you then. —Oh, really? I was too busy and forgot all about it. 2．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）His grandfather volunteered to (service) in the army in World War Ⅱ. 3．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·一模）I have received an (invite) to her birthday party. 4．（23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）The price for the hotel room is 235 dollars a night, (include) breakfast. 5．（2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—How can I become a successful person? —Well, you should remember that success is never by luck. (achieve) 6．（2025·云南昆明·三模）Our teachers always told us to show to people who need help.（kind） 7．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Seeing so many mistakes in the examination paper, the teacher was . (disappoint) 8．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）Sorry, I couldn’t hear your phone because the heavy rain (beat) against the windows. 9．（2022·江苏南京·一模）Over three (quarter) of the earth is covered by water. There isn’t enough land for such a large population. 10．（2023·上海浦东新·三模）Chinese has the largest number of because of its big population. (speaker) 二、单项选择 11．（2026·甘肃天水·一模）Many young students want to be famous and popular. But to make this dream come true, they really ________ a lot of talent and hard work. A．create B．behave C．support D．require 12．（2025·湖北武汉·三模）—I don’t like the sleeping bag, Dad. —What do you ________, Bob? It’s a camp, not a hotel. A．suggest B．imagine C．expect D．wish 13．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）Now many robots are popular and ________, for they can help people do things such as cleaning their houses. A．crazy B．cheap C．similar D．useful 14．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Sarah, ________ from five to one and I’ll hide. —OK. Here we go! Five, four, three, two, one ... ready or not, here I come! A．write down B．count down C．warm up D．heat up 15．（2025·江苏南京·二模）“Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said when she was ________ by a sea lion in California, US. A．attracted B．attacked C．arrested D．achieved 16．（2025·四川乐山·模拟预测）Chinese knots (中国结) are usually made of red and yellow ropes. They are used to express good wishes, ________ happiness, love, peace and so on. A．except B．including C．between 17．（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）President Xi delivered the report at a time when the world is facing challenges ________ COVID19, climate change, poverty, energy and food safety. A．against B．except C．for D．including 18．（2025·云南楚雄·三模）We need to ________ a notice to tell the students about the sports meeting. A．put up B．give up C．set up D．cut up 19．（2025·云南·模拟预测）When facing difficulties, Quan Hongchan didn’t ________. She kept practicing hard and won two gold medals. A．give up B．give back C．give in D．give out 20．（2025·安徽合肥·二模）I have lost a novel by Lu Xun ________ was just bought last week. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 三、完形填空 （2025·安徽安庆·三模）A special course named “Physical Fitness Enhancement (体能提升): Exercise and Nutrition (营养)” has been set up in Peking University. The 21 of the course is to help students get into good shape. But the course is only open to students who are 22 or overweight. Students can learn how to lose weight, such as making 23 diets and exercise plans in the 30-hour course. Also, the students can train with the help of professional coaches. Activities 24 running, strength training and designing personal weight loss plans. “The goal is for students to 25 a healthy lifestyle, master scientific weight loss methods, and form regular exercise and balanced diet habits,” explained Zhang Xiaoyuan, who teaches the course. A lot of students are interested in the course. To get the 26 to choose the course, many students have to compete. Those who 27 it have got a lot in the course, with the highest weight loss being around 15 kilograms over the term. On the final day, the students would share their 28 . Many of them report they feel lighter, improve moods 29 and have better sleep now. Some have 30 new sports hobbies like rock climbing, swimming and so on. Some even have found new sports partners. 21．A．purpose B．request C．level D．result 22．A．old B．heavy C．tall D．young 23．A．healthy B．kind C．helpful D．polite 24．A．support B．require C．create D．include 25．A．complete B．list C．develop D．master 26．A．advantage B．chance C．position D．matter 27．A．made B．brought C．enjoyed D．decided 28．A．heroes B．achievements C．suggestions D．secrets 29．A．mainly B．carefully C．successfully D．exactly 30．A．taken down B．taken away C．taken off D．taken up 四、选词填空 （2025·宁夏吴忠·二模）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。 be interested in, proper, so that, around, important, have, they, few, helping, stop In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more things that look like science fiction. For example, our cars are going to start driving 31 . At the same time, that means we’re going to need 32 drivers than now. However, there might be more different kinds of jobs in the future. Let’s 33 a look at some of them. Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know how to fix them. These workers will act as the machine doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and 34 it get better. Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might 35 space travel, so we might need guides who can show tourists 36 the stars and planets. As AI is developing fast, we’ll need people to check if it works 37 . We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make sure that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans. School might look different in the future, with lessons designed (设计) just for you. Then we’ll need personal learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans for each student, 38 everyone could get what they need to succeed. These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never 39 learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem-solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be really 40 for our future education and work. 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 九下Modules5－8（复习讲义）（外研版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·思维导图·网络构建 3 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 11 考点3 重点句型 17 考点4 重点语法 21 04·优题精选·练能提分 28 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 · 掌握重点词汇： · 名词： agreement, harm, effort, invitation, calendar, balloon, knife, fork, spoon, cheeseburger, Italian, Westerner, West, wing, lady, gentleman, speaker, boss, secretary, quarter, industry, zero, Indian, type, handbag, beat, pancake, rose, kindness · 动词：catch, call, expect, require, paint, heat, serve, achieve, intend, fetch, laugh, give, try · 形容词：blind, physical, similar, cross, Indian, disappointed 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用从句 4. 熟练运用六大时态的用法 易混词辨析 · 掌握wound 与 hurt；missing, lost 与 gone；fall over, fall down 与 fall off；thanks to 与 because of；need to do sth. 与 need doing sth.；achieve 与 come true等易混词辨析 重点句型 · 掌握 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句 · 掌握比较级 + and + 比较级的句型 · 掌握here开头的倒装句的句型 · 掌握询问某地的人口数量的句型 重点语法 · 掌握六大时态的用法 · 掌握定语从句 · 掌握宾语从句 · 掌握状语从句 命题预测 单项选择聚焦易混词辨析（wound 与 hurt、missing/lost 与 gone 等）、how/what 引导的感叹句、here 开头的倒装句结构、情态动词用法，以及定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句的连接词选择和六大时态的辨析；完形填空侧重核心词汇（名词类 agreement、invitation 等，动词类 catch、achieve 等，形容词类 blind、similar 等）的语境匹配，结合易混词语境运用、比较级 + and + 比较级句型嵌套及从句时态呼应设空；语法填空考查核心词汇拼写变形、It is + 过去分词 + that 从句的结构补全、六大时态的动词形式变化，以及定语从句、宾语从句的引导词填空；选词填空聚焦易混词形式变形、核心动词短语搭配（如 try one’s best、achieve one’s goal 等）、形容词 / 副词语境选择，同时兼顾从句引导词与核心词汇的准确搭配。 考点1 重点词汇 1.happen 【教材原文】What do you think has happened to him?你认为他发生了什么事 happen作为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。 【主要用法】 ①发生 常用结构：sth. happen(s) to sb.某人发生某事（常指不好的事） ②happen为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 ③碰巧 · sb. happen(s) to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 · It happens+ that从句，碰巧…… 【例句】 A car accident happened to him this morning.今天早上他发生了一起车祸。 What happened to you?(= What was wrong/ the matter with you?)你怎么了？ I happened to see him in the science museum yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我碰巧在科学博物馆看见他了。 It happened that I was out when he came.他来时我碰巧出去了。 2.agreement 【教材原文】I thought we had an agreement to stay together.我原以为我们已经约定好要待在一起的。 【主要用法】 ①〔可数名词〕协议；协定 · have an agreement(not) to do sth.约定（不）做某事 · reach/ make an agreement with sb.与某人达成协议 ②〔不可数名词〕同意；意见一致(反义词：disagreement) 【例句】 · They had an agreement never to talk about work at home.他们约定在家中绝不谈工作。 · Finally, we made an agreement with each other.最终，我们双方达成协议。 · A decision will not be made until everyone is in agreement.所有人都达成一致才能作决定。 3.expect 【教材原文】Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century.现在出生的人的寿命有望比19世纪出生的人长约35年。 【主要用法】 expect〔及物动词〕 ①预料；预计后接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。 ②盼望；期望 · expect sth.期待某事 · expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事 【例句】 · We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.我们预计这个月的食物价格会上涨。 · He is expecting her letter.他正盼望着她的来信。 · He expected her to go with him.他期望她同他一起去。 4.require 【教材原文】In the past, people's jobs required more physical effort.过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力劳动。 require〔及物动词〕需要通常不用于进行时态。 【主要用法】 ①require sth.需要某物 ②require sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事 ③require+ that从句 需要……（从句谓语用“should+动词原形”, should可省略） ④sth. require(s) doing某事需要被做（用主动形式表示被动含义） 【例句】 · To speak to people in a foreign language requires courage.用外语与人交谈需要勇气。 · He was required to hand in his science report last week.上周他被要求上交他的科学报告。 · The situation required that I(should) go at once.这种情形需要我立刻去。 5.choose 【教材原文】 In fact, I was chosen to play the dance music.事实上，我被选去播放舞曲了。 【主要用法】 ①choose sth.选择某物 ②choose to do sth.选择做某事 ③choose sb. to do sth.选择某人做某事 ④choose sb. as...选举某人作为…… 【拓展】choice〔名词〕选择 make a choice作出选择 【例句】 · The animals chose the lion as the king of the forest.动物们选狮子作为森林之王。 · We choose him to be our monitor.我们选他当我们的班长。 · I'm choosing a gift for my mother.我正在为我妈妈选礼物。 · He chose to study in a junior school near his home.他选择到他家附近的一所中学学习。 · We each have to make a choice. 我们每个人都得作出选择。 6.no good 【教材原文】 Oh, soup's no good then.哦，那么汤不行。 【主要用法】no good 不适合 ①no good for sth.. 表示“不适合某事物”用 ②It's no good doing sth.做某事没用。 【例句】 · It's no good talking to her——she never listens.跟她讲没用，她从来都不听。 · The medicine is no good for colds. 这药不治感冒。 7.promise 【教材原文】You can enjoy it using your nose,fingers and tongue instead," promises the restaurant manager.“相反，你可以用你的鼻子、手指和舌头享受它，”餐厅经理承诺道。 【主要用法】 ①promise to do sth.承诺/答应做某事 ②promise sb. sth./ promise sth. to sb.向某人承诺某事 ③promise+ that从句 承诺/答应…… 【拓展】 promise〔可数名词〕诺言；许诺；承诺 · make a promise许下诺言 · keep a promise信守诺言 · break a promise违背诺言 【例句】 · They promised to arrive on time. 他们承诺准时到。 · Mum promised her a new dress for her birthday.妈妈答应送她一条新连衣裙庆祝生日。 · They promised that the children would be taken good care of. 他们承诺孩子们将受到很好的照顾。 8.own 【教材原文】Who owns English?英语属于谁？ 【主要用法】 ①〔及物动词〕有；拥有 ②〔形容词〕自己的；本人的 用在形容词性物主代词之后，以加强语气。 ③〔代词〕自己的；本人的 ④ owner〔可数名词〕物主，所有权人 【拓展】与own相关的常考短语： · on one' s own= by oneself单独地；独自地 · of one' s own属于某人自己的 【例句】 · Who owns the bike? 这辆自行车是谁的？ · He owns a car.他有一辆小汽车。 · It was her own idea.这是她自己的想法。 · It's not my own book.那不是我自己的书。 · They treated the child as if she were their own. 他们把那个孩子当作自己的孩子看待。 · She is the true owner of this house. 她是这所房子真正的主人。 9.advise 【教材原文】I advise you to go to an English corner so that you can improve your listening and speaking.我建议你去英语角，以便你能提高你的听力和口语（水平）。 【主要用法】 advise〔及物动词〕建议 · advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事 advice〔不可数名词〕建议，忠告；劝告 · a/ one piece of advice一条建议 【例句】 · She advised us to wait(for) one more day. 她建议我们再等一天。 · Could you give me some advice on how to learn English?你能给我一些关于怎样学习英语的建议吗？ 10.seem 【教材原文】Toby seems not to be as interested in schoolwork as he is in sport.托比对学业似乎不像他对体育运动那样感兴趣。 【主要用法】seem〔连系动词〕似乎；好像 ①主语+ seem(s)(+ to be)+表语 表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。to be通常可以省略。 ②主语+ seem(s)+不定式 ③It seems+ that从句.似乎…… 可与“seem+不定式”结构进行转换。 【例句】 · Tom seems(to be)a very clever boy. 汤姆似乎是一个非常聪明的男孩。 · Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分高兴。 · Mrs Green doesn't seem to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不喜欢这个主意。 · The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。 · It seems that he likes his new job. =He seems to like his new job. 他好像喜欢他的新工作。 11.refuse 【教材原文】Why does Betty refuse to eat before she leaves?贝蒂在离开前为什么拒绝吃东西呢？ 【主要用法】 ①〔及物动词〕拒绝；回绝 refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 注意refuse可接动词不定式作宾语，但是不能接动词-ing形式作宾语。 ②〔不及物动词〕拒绝 【例句】 · David refused his friend's invitation to the picnic. 戴维拒绝了他的朋友去野餐的邀请。 · I refused to answer the question. 我拒绝回答这个问题。 · I invited him to the party, but he refused. 我邀请他参加聚会，但是他拒绝了。 12.Pardon 【教材原文】Pardon?请再说一遍好吗？ 【主要用法】 ①〔感叹词〕对不起，请原谅 口语中用于礼貌地请求别人重复自己没听清或不理解的话。 Pardon?(= Pardon me?)表示“什么？” “请再说一遍好吗？”。 ②〔及物动词〕原谅；宽恕 pardon sb. for(doing) sth.原谅某人（做）某事 ③〔名词〕原谅；宽恕；赦免 ask/ beg one' s pardon请求某人原谅或赦免 【例句】 · ——How do you usually go to school? 你通常怎样去上学？ ——Pardon? 请再说一遍好吗？ · We should pardon the young man for his fault. 我们应该原谅这个年轻人的过错。 · He asked the teacher's pardon for being late. 他请求老师原谅他迟到。 13.intend 【教材原文】Do you intend to stay in China for long, Tony?托尼，你打算在中国待很长时间吗？ 【主要用法】intend〔及物动词〕计划；打算 ①intend to do sth. = intend doing sth.打算做某事 ②intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 ③intend+ that从句 打算…… 从句常用虚拟语气，从句谓语用(should+)动词原形。 【例句】 · He intended to travel all over China. 他打算在中国各地游览。 · She doesn't intend staying long. 她不打算长期逗留。 · He intends me to help him with his maths. 他打算让我帮他学数学。 · She intended that her daughter should learn to play the piano. 她打算让她的女儿学习弹钢琴。 14.touch 【教材原文】We' ll always stay in touch.我们会一直保持联系。 【主要用法】 · stay in touch 保持联系 相当于keep in touch. · stay/ keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系 · get in touch with sb.与某人取得联系 · lose touch with sb.与某人失去联系 【例句】 · Please stay/ keep in touch by phone during your stay here. 你在这儿逗留期间，请保持电话联系。 · Stay/ Keep in touch with your friends. 要与你的朋友们保持联系。 · I finally got in touch with my old classmate. 我终于与我的老同学取得了联系。 · They lost touch with each other several years ago. 他们几年前彼此失去了联系。 1．（2025九年级上·全国·专题练习）We all hope that the World Cup will ________ in our country in the near future. A．hold B．be happened C．take place D．be taken place 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都希望在不久的将来，世界杯能在我们国家举办。 考查动词，动词短语辨析，被动语态。hold举办，举行，及物动词，具有被动语态；happen发生，不及物动词，没有被动语态，即“be happened”表达错误，故排除B；take place举办，发生，没有被动语态，故排除D。根据“ the World Cup will... in our country”可知，主语是“the World Cup”，hold应用其被动形式be held，排除A。故选C。 2．（24-25九年级上·福建泉州·月考）—Did your mother allow you to go to watch the film Titanic? —Yeah, she nodded to show her ________. A．kindness B．agreement C．action 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的妈妈允许你去看《泰坦尼克号》了吗？——是的，她点头以示同意。 考查名词辨析。kindness善良；agreement同意；action行动。根据“she nodded to show her...”可知，妈妈是点头同意。故选B。 3．（25-26九年级上·甘肃武威·期末）All the students are expected ________ the important meeting and learn something new. A．attending B．attend C．to attend D．attended 【答案】C 【详解】句意：所有学生都被期望参加这次重要会议并学习新东西。 考查动词不定式用法。attending参加，现在分词/动名词；attend参加，动词原形；to attend参加，动词不定式；attended参加，过去分词。“be expected”后需接动词不定式to do，表示“被期望做某事”。故选C。 4．（25-26九年级上·江苏扬州·月考）— The computer requires ________. — I think I need to ask Mr. Ma for help. A．fixing B．to fix C．fixes D．fix 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这台电脑需要修理。——我想我需要请马先生帮忙。 考查非谓语动词。require doing sth意为“需要被做”（主语通常是“物”，强调事物本身需要被处理），主动形式表被动含义。故选A。 5．（2025·天津·模拟预测）My father promised ________ me to listen to Goubuli Stuffed Bun, a famous play of Tianjin Kuaiban. A．take B．takes C．taking D．to take 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我爸爸答应带我去听天津快板的名剧《狗不理包子》。 考查非谓语动词的用法。promise to do sth“承诺做某事”，固定搭配，空处用不定式结构。故选D。 6．（22-23七年级下·江苏泰州·月考）I want to have ________ garden ________ flowers. A．my own; full of B．of my own; full of C．my own; fill with D．I own; filled with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想要有一个我自己的种满花的花园。 考查形容词和形容词短语。my own我自己的，作前置定语；of my own属于我自己的，作后置定语；I own我拥有，作主语和谓语；full of充满，是形容词短语；fill with充满，是动词原形；be full of=be filled with表示“充满”。第一空作前置定语，用my own，排除BD两项。第二空作后置定语，用形容词短语full of，故选A。 考点2 易混词辨析 1. wound 与 hurt 【易混淆辨析】 ①wound 作名词：“创伤；伤口”，尤指战场上因枪弹造成的严重外伤。作动词：“使受伤”，宾语是整个人，而非受伤部位。形容词形式：wounded受伤的。 ②hurt 作及物动词：“使受伤；伤害”，可指肉体受伤，也可指伤害感情/自尊心。作不及物动词：“痛”，强调某部位疼痛，可用于肉体或精神创伤。 【例句】 · The boy had a wound in his arm. 那个男孩的胳膊受伤了。 · The hunter wounded a rabbit. 猎人打伤了一只兔子。 · They sent the wounded woman to the hospital. 他们把受伤的女士送到了医院。 · My leg still hurts. 我的腿还在疼。 · That will hurt her feelings. 那会伤害她的感情。 2. missing, lost 与 gone 【易混淆辨析】 missing：“不见的；失踪的”，强调人/物不在原处，多作定语，也可作表语。 lost：“丢失的”，含“丢失后难以找回”的意味；还可表示“迷路的”，可作表语/定语。 gone：“丢失的；逝去的”，含“一去不复返”的意味，只能作表语/补语，不能作定语。 【例句】 · Police are searching the woods for the missing children. 警察正搜索树林寻找失踪的孩子。 · My dictionary is missing. Who's seen it anywhere? 我的字典不见了，谁看到了？ · He got lost in the forest. 他在森林里迷路了。 · The chance is gone forever. 这个机会永远失去了。 3. fall over, fall down 与 fall off 【易混淆辨析】 fall over：“跌倒”，强调向前摔倒。 fall down：“倒下”，强调向下倒。 fall off：“跌落”，强调从某处跌落/掉下来。 【例句】 · Children often fall over while coming down the stairs. 小孩子经常在下楼时摔倒。 · My younger brother fell over and hurt his legs. 我弟弟跌倒并把腿摔伤了。 · The sky won't fall down. 天不会塌下来。 · She fell off her bike and broke her arm. 她从自行车上摔下来，摔断了胳膊。 4. thanks to 与 because of 【易混淆辨析】 thanks to：“多亏；归功于”，多用于表达正面意思，相当于“感谢”，在句中作状语。 because of：“由于；因为”，强调因果关系，在句中作状语。 【例句】 · Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries. 多亏了英语，我们能从其他国家学到很多。 · Thanks to your advice, much trouble had been saved. 多亏你的建议，我们省了很多麻烦。 · Because of his bravery, he won the game. 他因为勇敢赢得了比赛。 5. need to do sth. 与 need doing sth. 【易混淆辨析】 need to do sth.：“需要做某事”，表示有义务/责任去做，主语是人。 need doing sth.：主动形式表被动，意为“某事需要被做”，相当于 sth. need to be done，主语是物。 【拓展】need 作情态动词时，后接动词原形，常用于否定句/疑问句。 【例句】 · Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗？ · We don't need it any more. 我们不再需要它了。 · The room needs cleaning (= needs to be cleaned). 房间需要打扫。 · You needn't leave now. 你现在不必离开。 6. have/has been to, have/has gone to 与 have/has been in 【易混淆辨析】 have/has been to：“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里，可与 once/twice/never/ever 等连用。 have/has gone to：“到某地去了”，说话时人不在现场，一般不用第一/二人称作主语。 have/has been in：“在某地待了多久”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 【例句】 · My grandpa has never been to Beijing.我爷爷从未去过北京。 · I have been to Shanghai many times.我去过上海很多次。 · He has gone to London.他去伦敦了。 · They have been in China for 5 years.他们在中国待了5年。 7. achieve 与 come true 【易混淆辨析】 achieve：“成功；实现”，主语通常是人，宾语可以是目标、胜利、名誉等。 come true：“实现”，主语通常是梦想、愿望等。 【例句】 · The young man has achieved his goal of becoming a singer. 这个年轻人实现了当歌手的目标。 · It takes hard work to achieve success. 成功需要努力。 · I believe I can achieve my dream. 我相信我能实现梦想。 · I hope my dream will come true. 我希望我的梦想会实现。 8. including, include 与 included 【易混淆辨析】 including：介词，“包括；包含”，后接名词/代词/动词-ing 形式，构成介宾短语。 include：动词，“包括”，在句中作谓语。 included：形容词，“包括在内的”，用于名词/代词后，构成 including + 名词/代词 = 名词/代词 + included。【例句】 · The band sang many songs, including some of my favourites. 乐队唱了很多歌，包括我最喜欢的一些。 · There are 40 students in the classroom, including me. 教室里有40名学生，包括我。 · Her hobbies include swimming and gardening. 她的爱好包括游泳和园艺。 · Everyone laughed, me included (= including me). 每个人都笑了，包括我。 9. beat 与 hit 【易混淆辨析】 beat：强调连续性或反复性地“打”，如心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等；也可表示“打败”。过去式为 beat，过去分词为 beaten。 hit：表示有意或无意地“打/撞”，往往含有重重一击或用力敲打之意。 【例句】 · When you're close to me, I can feel your heart beating. 当你靠近我时，我能感觉到你的心跳。 · They beat drums to cheer on the players. 他们擂鼓给运动员加油。 · If we don't prepare for the speech contest, they will beat us. 如果我们不为这场演讲比赛做准备，他们就会打败我们。 · The car ran out of control and hit a tree. 汽车失去控制，撞在了树上。 · She's alive—her heart is still beating. 她没死，她的心脏还在跳动。 10. fetch, bring 与 take 【易混淆辨析】 fetch：指去较远的人/物所在地接（取）到该人/物后返回出发地，意为“去接（拿）来”。 bring：一般指从别处带到说话者处，意为“带来”。 take：一般指从说话者处带到别处，意为“带走”。 【例句】 · Fetch me some water, please. 请去给我取些水。 · I left my dictionary at home. I'll fetch it right now. 我把词典忘在家里了。我马上去取。 · She's gone to fetch the kids from school. 她去学校接孩子了。 · He brought us some good news. 他给我们带来了一些好消息。 · Please take these books to the library for me. 请替我把这些书带到图书馆去。 11. laugh 与 smile 【易混淆辨析】 laugh：指“大笑”，强调笑出声音；短语 laugh at sb. 意为“嘲笑某人”。 smile：指“微笑”，强调没有笑出声音；短语 smile at sb. 意为“对某人微笑”，一般指友善的笑。 【例句】 · He always makes me laugh. 他总是引我发笑。 · It's impolite to laugh at others. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。 · I told a joke and everyone laughed. 我讲了个笑话，大家都笑了。 · If we smile at life, life will smile at us in return. 如果我们笑对生活，生活也会回报我们以微笑。 12. repair, mend 与 fix 【易混淆辨析】 repair：修理对象范围很广，从房屋、机器到日常生活必需品，指使受到一定损坏或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。 mend：指恢复某物原来的样子（包括用针线来缝补），一般指较小之物。 fix：表示需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实、将分离的物体各部分装配起来等，也常用来指修理机器。 【例句】 · These men are repairing the road. 这些人正在修路。 · I'll have my watch repaired; it doesn't work. 我得让人修修我的手表，它不走了。 · This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衬衫太旧了，不能补了。 · The workers are fixing the machine. 工人们正在修理机器。 1．（2022·江苏南京·一模）For soccer fans around the world, the 2022 FIFA World Cup is a big event that can’t _______. A．lose B．be lost C．miss D．be missed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对于世界各地的足球迷来说，2022年世界杯是一个不能被错过的大事件。 考查动词的辨析和语态。lose失去，动词的原形；be lost被丢失，被动语态；miss错过，动词的原形；be missed被错过，被动语态。根据“the 2022 FIFA World Cup is a big event that can’t…”可知，2022年世界杯在11月份和12月份举办，还未发生，应是不能错过的事情，需用“错过”miss。在句中主语是“the 2022 FIFA World Cup”，谓语是“miss”，两者是被动关系，需用被动语态，其谓语结构是be+动词的过去分词。故选D。 2．（2017·江苏南京·一模）Mary works very hard because she doesn’t want to _____________ in her lessons. A．fall down B．fall back C．fall over D．fall behind 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Mary工作很努力因为她不想在功课上落下。fall down落下来；fall back退却，后退；fall over摔倒，跌倒；fall behind落在后面。根据句意可知应选D。 3．（2021九年级·全国·专题练习）Thanks ________ inviting me to your party. A．with B．for C．of D．to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多谢邀请我来到你的聚会。 考查介词辨析及thank的用法。with和……一起；for对于；of表所属；to朝，位于。Thanks for doing sth.多谢做某事，相当于thank sb. for doing sth.；thanks to幸亏、由于。根据“inviting me to your party”应是表达感谢之意，故选B。 4．（2025九年级·全国·专题练习）The clothes need ________, but you ________ do that by yourselves. A．washing; needn’t B．washing; needn’t to C．to be washed; don’t need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些衣服需要洗，但是你们不必自己洗。 考查need的用法。washing洗涤，现在分词或动名词；needn’t不必；to be washed被洗；don’t need不必。根据“The clothes need...but you...do that by yourselves.”可知，衣服需要被洗，但是不必自己洗，need doing=need to be done需要被做，needn’t do sth不必做某事，因此空1用washing，空2用needn’t。故选A。 5．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—Tom __________ the library and he __________ there for 10 minutes. —Oh, I will go there, too. A．have gone to, have been to B．has gone to, has been C．has gone to, has been in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆去了图书馆，并且已经在那里待了10分钟。—— 哦，我也会去那里。 考查主谓一致。主语“Tom”是第三人称单数，助动词需用三单形式has，可排除A项；“there”是地点副词，前面不能加介词，结合选项可知，B项符合。故选B。 6．（2025·四川内江·三模）—My camera is in my bedroom. Could you ________ it for me? —Of course, Dad. A．bring B．take C．fetch D．carry 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我的相机在我的卧室里。你能帮我拿过来吗？——当然可以，爸爸。 考查动词辨析。bring带来；take拿走；fetch去拿；carry携带。根据“My camera is in my bedroom. Could you...it for me”可知是从卧室把相机拿过来，此处用动词fetch。故选C。 考点3 重点句型 1.It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. 【重点句型】 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句；it 作形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句；that 在从句中不作成分、无实际意义。同类拓展：It is said that…（据说……）、It is reported that…（据报道……）。 【例句】 · It is thought that many families will have smart robots at home in the future. 人们认为未来很多家庭都会在家中配备智能机器人。 · It is said that a new library will be built in our town next year. 据说我们镇上明年会新建一座图书馆。 2. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. 【重点句型】 比较级 + and + 比较级，意为“越来越……”；多音节/部分双音节词需用 more and more + 形容词/副词原级。 【例句】 · The environment in our city is getting cleaner and cleaner with everyone's efforts. 在大家的努力下，我们城市的环境变得越来越干净了。 · More and more students begin to realize the importance of reading classic books. 越来越多的学生开始意识到阅读经典书籍的重要性。 3. Here are five rules for a healthy life. 【重点句型】here开头的倒装句 此处句式为以here开头的完全倒装句，意为“这是……；这儿有……”，be动词的数应与后面的主语保持一致。 ①当主语是代词时，句子主谓不倒装，即“Here+主语（代词）+谓语。” ②当主语是名词时，句子要完全倒装，即"Here+谓语+主语（名词）。" 【例句】 · Here is a useful tip for you to improve your listening skills. 这里有一个帮助你提升听力技巧的实用小窍门。 · Here they come—our school basketball team won the championship! 他们来了，我们学校的篮球队赢得了冠军。 4. You may find it difficult to use chopsticks if you haven't tried before. 【重点句型】 主语 + find + it + 形容词 + to do sth.；it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语；同类动词：think/feel/consider。 【例句】 · She finds it interesting to learn about different traditional festivals around the world. 她觉得了解世界各地不同的传统节日很有趣。 · We think it necessary to take notes carefully during English class. 我们认为在英语课上认真记笔记是很有必要的。 5. How much progress do you think you've made in English this year, Lingling? 【重点句型】 (1) how much ①多少 用于询问不可数名词的量。 ②多少钱 常用于“How much+ be动词+主语？”结构，其答语为“It is...”或“They are...”. 【拓展】“What's the price of...?”也是询问物品价格的常用句型，其答语为“It is...”. ③多么 用来表示程度。 【拓展】 how many多少 用来询问可数名词的数量，后接可数名词的复数形式。 【例句】 · ——How much is the pen?这支钢笔多少钱？ ——It's five yuan.5元钱。 · How much rice is there in the bag? 袋子里有多少大米？ · How much time do you spend practicing English every day? 你每天花多少时间练习英语？ · How much do you know about the history of the Olympic Games? 你对奥林匹克运动会的历史了解多少？ 6. English is now used by nearly a quarter of the world's population. 【重点句型】 ①询问某地的人口数量时用句型"What's the population of...?"或“How large is the population of...?”. ②表示某地有多少人口时，常用“某地+has a population of...”,相当于“The population of+某地+ is...”. 【例句】 · ——What's the population of your city? 你们城市有多少人口？ ——It's about one million.大约 100万。 · It had a population of over seven million by 2018.截至2018年，它有700多万人口。 · The population of India is very large and it keeps growing these years. 印度的人口数量非常庞大，并且这些年一直在持续增长。 · Over 40 percent of the population in this village are farmers. 这个村子里超过百分之四十的人口是农民。 7. I hope so. 【重点句型】对对方提出的问题作肯定回答。so指刚提及的事情，代指上文的整个句子或句子中的一部分，以避免重复。 so 代指前文提及的肯定内容，not 代指否定内容，避免重复；否定形式只能用 I hope not.，不能说 I don't hope so. 【例句】 · —Will our school hold the English corner this Friday? 我们学校这周五会举办英语角吗？ —I hope so. 我希望会。 · —Will the sports meeting be canceled because of the rain? 运动会会因为下雨而取消吗？ —I hope not. 我希望不会。 8. Here's to our friendship, everyone...and to the future! 【重点句型】 Here's to + 名词/名词短语，是祝酒常用语，意为“为……干杯”。 【例句】 · Here's to our teachers who have helped us a lot in our study! 为在学习上给予我们诸多帮助的老师们干杯！ · Here's to the wonderful time we spent together in the summer camp! 为我们在夏令营共度的美好时光干杯！ 1．（2026·甘肃天水·一模）If you want to avoid making mistakes in exams, you need to be ________ and more serious with every question. A．more careless B．more careful C．more important D．more successful 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想避免在考试中犯错，你需要对每一个问题更细心、更认真。 考查形容词辨析及比较级。more careless更粗心的；more careful更细心的；more important更重要的；more successful更成功的。根据“If you want to avoid making mistakes in exams”可知，想要避免犯错，就要更细心，“be careful with”表示“对……细心”，这里用比较级“more careful”符合语境。故选B。 2．（2024·云南丽江·二模）After receiving a lot of hard training, Jia Lin becomes ________. A．thinner and thinner B．thin and thin C．thinnest D．the thinner 【答案】A 【详解】句意：经过大量的艰苦训练，贾林变得越来越瘦。 考查比较级结构。根据“After receiving a lot of hard training”可知，此处表示“越来越瘦”，用结构“比较级+and+比较级”。故选A。 3．（2020·湖南长沙·三模）—I’m waiting for the visitors for quite a while. —Look! Here ________ the visitors. A．come B．comes C．is coming 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我已经等了游客好一会儿了。——看！游客来了。 考查主谓一致。come来。come动词原形，主语是复数或第一、二人称单数；comes动词的第三人称单数形式，主语是第三人称单数；is coming现在进行时，主语是第三人称单数。句子是以here开头的倒装句，此时come不能用进行时态，排除C；根据题干中主语“the visitors”是复数，可排除B。故选A。 4．（2025九年级上·江苏常州·专题练习）Many students find it hard ________ decisions on their own without parents’ help. A．making B．make C．to make D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生发现没有父母的帮助自己很难做决定。 考查动词不定式的用法。making动名词形式；make动词原形；to make动词不定式；made过去式或过去分词。“find it+形容词+to do something”表示“发现做某事很……”，固定句型。故选C。 5．（25-26九年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）As a teacher, Mrs Zhu finds ________ important to help and care about every student. A．her B．it C．herself D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：作为一名老师，朱老师发现帮助和关心每一个学生是很重要的。 考查it作形式宾语的用法。her她，人称代词宾格；it它，可作形式宾语；herself她自己，反身代词；that那个，指示代词。根据“finds ... important to help and care about every student”可知，此处考查“find it+形容词+to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语。故选B。 6．（25-26九年级上·甘肃白银·期末）I find ________ difficult ________ English movies because I can’t understand what they say. A．it; to watch B．it; watching C．it; watch D．it’s; watching 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我发现看英语电影很困难，因为我听不懂他们在说什么。 考查it作形式宾语的句型。分析句子“I find…difficult…English movies because I can’t understand what they say.”，结合选项可知，该句是：主语+find+ it+adj+to do sth，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to do sth。故选A。 7．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·期中）—Which country has the ________ population in the world? —China. It’s a little ________ than that of India. A．most; more B．biggest; bigger C．more; most D．bigger; biggest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——世界上人口最多的是哪个国家？——中国。它比印度的人口多一点。 考查形容词比较级和最高级。most最多，最高级；more比较多，比较级；bigger比较大，比较级；biggest最大，最高级。人口数量多用big或large修饰，第一空在世界上比较，用最高级biggest；第二空有than，表示比较，用比较级bigger，且a little修饰比较级。故选B。 8．（23-24九年级下·江苏南通·月考）—________ the population of India? —It has a population of over one billion. It is ________ population in the world. A．What is; the second largest B．How much is; the second largest C．What is; the second larger D．How much is; the second larger 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——印度有多少人口？——它的人口超过10亿。它是世界上第二大人口大国。 考查特殊疑问句和最高级。What什么；How much多少。根据“the population of India”可知，询问人口多少应用句型What is the population of ...?；根据“It is ... population in the world.”可知，印度是世界上第二大人口大国，用the+序数词+最高级“第几最……”。故选A。 考点4 重点语法 一、初中核心时态（以动词teach为例） 【语法概述】 时态是英语中表示动作发生时间与状态的核心语法，不同时态通过谓语动词的结构变化来体现动作的时间特征。 【用法】 时态 用法 常用时间状语 一般现在时 表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态 often, always, usually, every day等 一般过去时 表示过去发生或存在的动作/状态 just now, yesterday, last week, ...ago等 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 tomorrow, next week, in the future等 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作 now, at this moment, these days等 过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻/段正在进行的动作 at this time yesterday, from...to...yesterday等 现在完成时 表示过去动作对现在的影响，或动作从过去持续到现在 already, just, yet, for, since, so far等 【例句】 一般现在时：He teaches us English.（他教我们英语。） 一般过去时：Mr Wang taught me English a few years ago.（几年前王先生教过我英语。） 一般将来时：I will teach English in high school after graduation.（毕业后我将在一所高中教英语。） 现在进行时：He is teaching primary school pupils now.（他现在正在教小学生英语。） 过去进行时：He was teaching elderly people to dance at this time yesterday.（昨天这个时候他正教一群老年人跳舞。） 现在完成时：I have taught English for about twenty years.（我已经教了大约20年英语了。） 二、被动语态 【语法概述】 被动语态由“助动词be + 动词过去分词”构成，用来强调动作的承受者，说明主语是动作的对象。 【用法】 1. 基本结构：根据时态变化助动词be的形式，后接动词过去分词。 2. 特殊结构转换： 含短语动词的主动句变被动时，需将短语动词视为整体，不可拆分。 含双宾语的主动句变被动时，可将间接宾语或直接宾语变为主语。 使役/感官动词（如make, see）的主动句变被动时，需还原省略的to。 3. 特殊用法：部分系动词（feel, taste等）和动词（sell, write等）可用主动形式表被动意义。 【例句】 基本被动：English is spoken by people here.（这儿的人们说英语。） 短语动词被动：Old people are taken good care of in China.（在中国，老年人被照顾得很好。） 双宾语被动：I was bought a new coat by my father.（我爸爸给我买了一件新外套。） 使役动词被动：He was seen to play football by me.（我看见他踢足球了。） 主动表被动：The food tastes delicious.（这食物尝起来很美味。 三、状语从句 【语法概述】 状语从句是在句中作状语的从句，用来修饰主句的动作或状态，可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较等逻辑关系。 【用法】 1.时间状语从句 引导词：when, while, before, until，since， as soonas等 要点： · 当主句是祈使句或使用一般将来时时，从句需要用一般现在时。 · ​when与while的区别：when既可指时间点，也可指时间段；while只指时间段。 · ​until的用法：如果主句的谓语动词是终止性动词，要使用not...until的结构。 2.地点状语从句 引导词：where 要点：区分where引导的地点状语从句和定语从句的关键是：定语从句的前面有先行词，而地点状语从句没有。 3.原因状语从句 引导词：because, since, as等 要点：语气：because > since > as；because不与so连用 4.条件状语从句 引导词：if, unless等 要点：主句用将来时/祈使句时，从句用一般现在时 5.目的状语从句 引导词：so that, in order that等 要点：从句常含情态动词（如can, may） 6.结果状语从句 引导词：so...that, such...that等 要点：so修饰形容词/副词，such修饰名词 7.让步状语从句 引导词： although, though等 要点：不与but连用 比较状语从句 than, as等 比较对象需为同类事物 【例句】 时间状语：When I knocked at the door, I was sleeping.（我敲门的时候，我正在睡觉。） 原因状语：Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday because she was ill.（贝蒂昨天没去看电影，因为她生病了。） 条件状语：We will go to the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow.（如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。） 结果状语：He is so young that he can't look after himself.（他太小了，不能照顾自己。） 四、动词不定式 【语法概述】 动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成（否定形式为not to do），在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等成分。 【用法】 1. 作主语：常用it作形式主语，不定式后置。 2. 作宾语：want, decide, hope, agree等动词后常接不定式作宾语。 3. 作宾语补足语：部分动词后接不定式作宾补，有的需带to，有的不带to（被动句需还原to）。 4. 作状语：主要表目的、结果或原因。 5. 作定语：置于所修饰的名词/代词之后，作后置定语。 【例句】 作主语：It's very important to learn English well.（学好英语很重要。） 作宾语：The Smiths have decided to buy a house near the sea.（史密斯一家已经决定买海边的房子。） 作宾补：My parents don't allow me to stay up late.（我父母不允许我熬夜。） 作状语：He came to Beijing to have a meeting.（他来北京开会。） 作定语：I'd like something to drink.（我想要些喝的东西。） 五、宾语从句 【语法概述】 宾语从句是在句中作宾语的从句，由引导词连接主句和从句，需注意引导词、时态、语序三大核心规则。 【用法】 1. 引导词： that：无词义，在从句中不作成分，可省略。 if/whether：意为“是否”，不可省略；与or not连用时用whether。 连接代词/副词（what, why等）：在从句中作成分，有具体含义，不可省略。 2. 时态： 主句为一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用任何时态。 主句为过去时，从句用过去的某种时态（客观真理除外）。 3. 语序：从句必须用陈述语序（引导词+主语+谓语）。 4. 否定转移：主语为第一人称且谓语为think, believe等动词时，否定词转移到主句。 【例句】 that引导：He said (that) he could finish his work before supper.（他说他能在晚饭前完成工作。） if引导：I don't know if he still lives here after so many years.（我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这里。） 连接副词引导：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting?（你能告诉我你为什么开会迟到吗？） 否定转移：I don't believe he will come.（我相信他不会来。） 六、定语从句 【语法概述】 定语从句是在句中作定语的从句，用来修饰名词或代词（先行词），由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中充当一定成分。 【用法】 1. 关系代词： that：指人/物，作主语/宾语；在特定情况（如先行词为不定代词、被only修饰等）下只能用that。 which：指物，作主语/宾语；介词后或非限制性定语从句中只能用which。 who：指人，作主语/宾语。 whom：指人，作宾语。 whose：表所属关系，作定语。 2. 关系副词：when（时间）、where（地点）、why（原因），在从句中作状语。 3. 省略规则：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 4. 主谓一致：从句谓语动词需与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 【例句】 who引导：The students love the teachers who can make their lessons fun.（学生们喜欢那些能让课堂有趣的老师。） that引导：Everything that comes into sight is so new to me.（映入眼帘的一切对我来说都很新鲜。） which引导：He didn't pass the exam, which disappointed his mother.（他没通过考试，这让他妈妈很失望。） whose引导：This is the boy whose father is a doctor.（这就是那个父亲是医生的男孩。） 1．（2026·上海松江·一模）Mr Li ________ to the South Pole if he finds experienced explorers to go with him. A．travels B．travelled C．will travel D．has travelled 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果李先生找到有经验的探险家和他一起去，他将去南极。 考查时态。travels旅行，一般现在时；travelled旅行，一般过去时；will travel将旅行，一般将来时；has travelled已经旅行过，现在完成时。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，C项符合。故选C。 2．（2026·上海松江·一模）AI-powered robots ________ in many Chinese hotels to serve customers back in 2021. A．are used B．were used C．have been used D．had been used 【答案】B 【详解】句意：早在2021年，许多中国酒店就使用人工智能机器人来服务顾客。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“back in 2021”可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时，且主语“AI-powered robots”和谓语“use”之间是被动关系，表示“被使用”，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态“were used”。故选B。 3．（2026·安徽亳州·一模）Mary ________ for her excellent drawing in the school art competition last week. A．praised B．was praised C．was praising D．has praised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Mary上周因其在学校艺术比赛中的出色画作而受到表扬。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“last week”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语Mary与动词praise之间是被动关系，表示“Mary被表扬”，应用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词过去分词，主语Mary是第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故选B。 4．（2026·上海松江·一模）My parents still booked the flight tickets for our winter holiday ________ the prices were high. A．if B．until C．because D．although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管价格很高，我父母还是预订了我们寒假的机票。 考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据“My parents still booked the flight tickets for our winter holiday...the prices were high.”可知，前后句之间存在让步关系，即尽管价格高，父母还是预订了机票，所以此处应该用although来引导让步状语从句。故选D。 5．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Lisa keeps improving her work ________ the final result matches the design in her mind. A．if B．until C．when D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Lisa不断改进她的工作，直到最终结果与她脑海中的设计相匹配。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；when当……时；since自从。根据“keeps improving her work ... the final result matches the design in her mind.”可知，是指一直改进工作，直到与脑海中的设计相匹配，强调某个动作持续到另一个状态出现，用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。 6．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）The shop will stay closed ________ someone fixes the door before noon. A．although B．so that C．because D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：商店将保持关闭，除非有人在中午前修好门。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；so that以便；because因为；unless除非。根据“someone fixes the door before noon.”可知，商店关闭的条件是门没有被修好，因此需用表示条件的连词“unless”。故选D。 7．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）—Could you tell me ________ you spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter? —We had a family get-together and went to an amusement park. A．what B．when C．how D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 彼得，你能告诉我今年你是怎么过元旦的吗？—— 我们举办了家庭聚会，还去了游乐园。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。what询问“事物”；when询问“时间”；how询问“方式、方法”；where询问“地点”。根据答句“had a family get-together and went to an amusement park”（举办家庭聚会、去游乐园）可知，此处是询问过元旦的“方式”，“how”符合语境。故选C。 8．（2025·湖北襄阳·一模）—I wonder if Li Hua ______ to the party tomorrow. —I think she will come if she ______ free. A．comes; is B．will come; is C．comes; will be D．will come; will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道李华明天是否来参加聚会。——我认为如果她有空，她会来。 考查动词的时态辨析。if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句，时态规则为主过从过，主现从不限，主句为一般现在时，第一空处表示明天要发生的动作，用一般将来时；if意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句，时态规则为主将从现，从句用一般现在时态表将来，第二空用一般现在时态。故选B。 9．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）Zhang Hong, a Chinese man, is the first Asian blind climber has reached the top of Qomolangma. A．when B．whose C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：张宏，一个中国人，是第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰顶的亚洲盲人登山者。 考查定语从句的关系代词。when当……时；whose谁的；which哪一个（用于物）；who谁（用于人）。该句是定语从句，先行词为climber，意为“登山者”，指人，且从句中缺少主语，需用表示人的关系代词who引导。故选D。 10．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）Since the new rules were introduced, many complaints ________. A．is made B．was made C．have been made D．will be made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从新规则被引入以来，许多投诉已经被提出。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句子为since引导的时间状语从句，“were introduced”表示从过去开始的动作，主句需用现在完成时强调动作的持续影响；主语“many complaints”为复数，谓语需用复数形式，且“投诉”是被提出的，需用被动语态。故选C。 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）—I didn’t see you at the party last night, Anna. We (expect) you then. —Oh, really? I was too busy and forgot all about it. 【答案】were expecting 【详解】句意：——安娜，我昨晚在派对上没看到你。我们那时一直在盼着你呢。——哦，真的吗？我太忙了，把这事全忘了。根据“last night及语境”可知，“盼你”动作在派对时持续进行，用过去进行时，结构“was/were + 现在分词”，主语“We”，be动词用“were”，“expect”的现在分词是“expecting”。故填were expecting。 2．（2024·江苏无锡·模拟预测）His grandfather volunteered to (service) in the army in World War Ⅱ. 【答案】serve 【详解】句意：他的祖父在第二次世界大战中自愿参军。根据“His grandfather volunteered to…(service) in the army in World War Ⅱ.”可知，此处表示参军，应用service的动词形式serve表示“服役”，固定短语volunteer to do sth“自愿做某事”，应用动词原形。故填serve。 3．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·一模）I have received an (invite) to her birthday party. 【答案】invitation 【详解】句意：我收到了她生日派对的邀请。根据“an”可知，空处填名词单数形式，invite的名词为invitation“邀请”。故填invitation。 4．（23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）The price for the hotel room is 235 dollars a night, (include) breakfast. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：这家旅馆的房间价格是每晚235美元，包括早餐。include是实义动词，空前已有谓语动词is，所以此处应用介词including作状语。故填including。 5．（2024·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—How can I become a successful person? —Well, you should remember that success is never by luck. (achieve) 【答案】achieved 【详解】句意：——我怎样才能成为一个成功的人？——好吧，你应该记住，成功从来都不是靠运气实现的。achieve“实现”，动词。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，结构是be done，故achieve用其过去分词形式。故填achieved。 6．（2025·云南昆明·三模）Our teachers always told us to show to people who need help.（kind） 【答案】kindness 【详解】句意：我们的老师总是告诉我们要对需要帮助的人表现出善意。句中“show”是动词，意为“展示，表现”，空格处需要填入一个名词，因为“show”后通常接名词作宾，“kind”是形容词，其名词形式是“kindness”，意为“善意，仁慈”。短语show kindness to sb.”意为“向某人表示善意”。故填kindness。 7．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Seeing so many mistakes in the examination paper, the teacher was . (disappoint) 【答案】disappointed 【详解】句意：看到试卷上有这么多错误，老师很失望。根据“the teacher was…”可知，老师很失望，此处应用形容词作表语，故填disappointed。 8．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）Sorry, I couldn’t hear your phone because the heavy rain (beat) against the windows. 【答案】was beating 【详解】句意：对不起，我听不见你的电话，因为大雨正敲打着窗户。根据“I couldn’t hear your phone”可知对方打电话时雨正敲打着窗户，用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing，主语“the heavy rain”是不可数名词，be动词用was，beat的现在分词形式为beating。故填was beating。 9．（2022·江苏南京·一模）Over three (quarter) of the earth is covered by water. There isn’t enough land for such a large population. 【答案】quarters 【详解】句意：超过四分之三的地球被水覆盖。没有足够的土地容纳如此庞大的人口。three quarters“四分之三”，故填quarters。 10．（2023·上海浦东新·三模）Chinese has the largest number of because of its big population. (speaker) 【答案】speakers 【详解】句意：由于人口众多，汉语的使用人数最多。speaker“说话者”，名词；根据“Chinese has the largest number of ...”可知，应用复数形式speakers。故填speakers。 二、单项选择 11．（2026·甘肃天水·一模）Many young students want to be famous and popular. But to make this dream come true, they really ________ a lot of talent and hard work. A．create B．behave C．support D．require 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多年轻学生想出名和受欢迎。但为了实现这个梦想，他们真的需要很多天赋和努力。 考查动词辨析。create创造；behave表现；support支持；require需要。根据“to make this dream come true”语境可知，实现梦想需要天赋和努力，因此选择“require”最符合语境。故选D。 12．（2025·湖北武汉·三模）—I don’t like the sleeping bag, Dad. —What do you ________, Bob? It’s a camp, not a hotel. A．suggest B．imagine C．expect D．wish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不喜欢这个睡袋，爸爸。——你还指望什么，鲍勃？这是露营，不是酒店。 考查动词辨析。suggest建议；imagine想象；expect期望/指望；wish希望。根据“Bob? It’s a camp, not a hotel.”可知父亲反问鲍勃对露营条件的过高期待，需用“expect”表达“指望/期望”之意。故选C。 13．（2025·安徽滁州·三模）Now many robots are popular and ________, for they can help people do things such as cleaning their houses. A．crazy B．cheap C．similar D．useful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在许多机器人很受欢迎且有用，因为它们能帮助人们做诸如打扫房子之类的事情。 考查形容词辨析。crazy疯狂的；cheap便宜的；similar相似的；useful有用的。根据“...for they can help people do things such as cleaning their houses”可知，机器人能帮助人们做事，说明它们是有用的。故选D。 14．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Sarah, ________ from five to one and I’ll hide. —OK. Here we go! Five, four, three, two, one ... ready or not, here I come! A．write down B．count down C．warm up D．heat up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莎拉，从五数到一，我就躲起来。——好的。开始吧！五、四、三、二、一……准备好了没，我来了！ 考查动词短语。write down写下；count down倒计时；warm up热身；heat up加热。根据“from five to one and I’ll hide.”可知是指从五数到一，故选B。 15．（2025·江苏南京·二模）“Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said when she was ________ by a sea lion in California, US. A．attracted B．attacked C．arrested D．achieved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“请不要杀我。” 这是美国加利福尼亚州一名女孩被海狮攻击时所说的话。 考查动词辨析。attracted吸引 ；attacked攻击 ；arrested逮捕 ；achieved实现、取得。根据“Please don’t kill me.”可知，女孩是遭遇了海狮的攻击。故选B。 16．（2025·四川乐山·模拟预测）Chinese knots (中国结) are usually made of red and yellow ropes. They are used to express good wishes, ________ happiness, love, peace and so on. A．except B．including C．between 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国结通常由红黄两色的绳子制成。它们被用来表达美好祝愿，包括幸福、爱、和平等等。 考查介词辨析。except除……之外（不包含）；including包括（包含在内）；between在……之间（两者）。根据“good wishes”与“happiness, love, peace”的关系可知，“幸福、爱、和平”是“美好祝愿”的具体例子，属于包含关系。“including”表示“包括”，符合语境。故选B。 17．（2025·江苏常州·模拟预测）President Xi delivered the report at a time when the world is facing challenges ________ COVID19, climate change, poverty, energy and food safety. A．against B．except C．for D．including 【答案】D 【详解】句意：习主席在世界面临包括新冠肺炎、气候变化、贫困、能源和食品安全等挑战之际发表了这份报告。 考查介词辨析。against反对；except除了；for为了；including包括。根据“COVID19, climate change, poverty, energy and food safety”可知，应该是包括这些挑战。故选D。 18．（2025·云南楚雄·三模）We need to ________ a notice to tell the students about the sports meeting. A．put up B．give up C．set up D．cut up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们需要张贴一张通知来告诉学生们关于运动会的事。 考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴、悬挂；give up放弃；set up建立；cut up切碎。根据“a notice”可知，此处表示张贴一张通知。故选A。 19．（2025·云南·模拟预测）When facing difficulties, Quan Hongchan didn’t ________. She kept practicing hard and won two gold medals. A．give up B．give back C．give in D．give out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：面对困难时，全红婵没有放弃。她坚持刻苦训练，赢得了两枚金牌。 考查动词短语。give up放弃；give back归还；give in让步，屈服；give out分发。根据“She kept practicing hard and won two gold medals.”可知，她没有放弃。故选A。 20．（2025·安徽合肥·二模）I have lost a novel by Lu Xun ________ was just bought last week. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我丢了一本鲁迅写的小说，这本小说是上周刚买的。 考查定语从句引导词。which哪一个；who谁；whose谁的；whom谁（who的宾格）。先行词“a novel”是物，在定语从句“was just bought last week”中作主语。故选A。 三、完形填空 （2025·安徽安庆·三模）A special course named “Physical Fitness Enhancement (体能提升): Exercise and Nutrition (营养)” has been set up in Peking University. The 21 of the course is to help students get into good shape. But the course is only open to students who are 22 or overweight. Students can learn how to lose weight, such as making 23 diets and exercise plans in the 30-hour course. Also, the students can train with the help of professional coaches. Activities 24 running, strength training and designing personal weight loss plans. “The goal is for students to 25 a healthy lifestyle, master scientific weight loss methods, and form regular exercise and balanced diet habits,” explained Zhang Xiaoyuan, who teaches the course. A lot of students are interested in the course. To get the 26 to choose the course, many students have to compete. Those who 27 it have got a lot in the course, with the highest weight loss being around 15 kilograms over the term. On the final day, the students would share their 28 . Many of them report they feel lighter, improve moods 29 and have better sleep now. Some have 30 new sports hobbies like rock climbing, swimming and so on. Some even have found new sports partners. 21．A．purpose B．request C．level D．result 22．A．old B．heavy C．tall D．young 23．A．healthy B．kind C．helpful D．polite 24．A．support B．require C．create D．include 25．A．complete B．list C．develop D．master 26．A．advantage B．chance C．position D．matter 27．A．made B．brought C．enjoyed D．decided 28．A．heroes B．achievements C．suggestions D．secrets 29．A．mainly B．carefully C．successfully D．exactly 30．A．taken down B．taken away C．taken off D．taken up 【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京大学开设的一门名为“体能提升：运动与营养”的特殊课程。 21．句意：这门课程的目的是帮助学生塑造良好体型。 purpose目的；request请求；level水平；result结果。根据“The…of the course is to help students get into good shape”可知，课程的目标是帮助学生改善体型，故选A。 22．句意：但课程仅对超重或肥胖的学生开放。 old老的；heavy重的；tall高的；young年轻的。根据“But the course is only open to students who are…or overweight”可知，课程针对超重或肥胖学生，故选B。 23．句意：学生可以学习如何制定健康饮食和运动计划。 healthy健康的；kind友好的；helpful有帮助的；polite礼貌的。根据“making…diets and exercise plans”可知，课程强调健康饮食，故选A。 24．句意：活动包括跑步、力量训练和设计个人减重计划。 support支持；require要求；create创造；include包括。根据“Activities…running, strength training and designing personal weight loss plans”可知，活动内容涵盖多项，故选D。 25．句意：目标是让学生养成健康的生活方式。 complete完成；list列出；develop养成；master掌握。根据“The goal is for students to…a healthy lifestyle”可知，课程目标是培养习惯，故选C。 26．句意：为了获得机会选修课程，许多学生需要竞争。 advantage优势；chance机会；position职位；matter事情。根据“To get the…to choose the course, many students have to compete”可知，学生需竞争选课机会，故选B。 27．句意：那些成功的人在课程中收获了很多，在整个学期中，体重最多减轻了15公斤左右。 made制作；brought带来；enjoyed享受；decided决定。根据“many students have to compete. Those who...it have got a lot in the course”可知，是指竞争成功的人，make it“成功”，固定用法，故选A。 28．句意：结课当天，学生会分享自己的成就。 heroes英雄；achievements成就；suggestions建议；secrets秘密。根据“On the final day, the students would share their…”可知，学生分享课程成果，故选B。 29．句意：许多人表示心情显著改善。 mainly主要地；carefully仔细地；successfully成功地；exactly精确地。根据“improve moods…and have better sleep”可知，情绪和睡眠明显改善，故选C。 30．句意：有些人开始新的运动爱好，如攀岩、游泳等。 taken down记下；taken away拿走；taken off脱下；taken up开始从事。根据“Some have…new sports hobbies like rock climbing”可知，学生开始新爱好，故选D。 四、选词填空 （2025·宁夏吴忠·二模）阅读下面短文，从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。 be interested in, proper, so that, around, important, have, they, few, helping, stop In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more things that look like science fiction. For example, our cars are going to start driving 31 . At the same time, that means we’re going to need 32 drivers than now. However, there might be more different kinds of jobs in the future. Let’s 33 a look at some of them. Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know how to fix them. These workers will act as the machine doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and 34 it get better. Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might 35 space travel, so we might need guides who can show tourists 36 the stars and planets. As AI is developing fast, we’ll need people to check if it works 37 . We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make sure that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans. School might look different in the future, with lessons designed (设计) just for you. Then we’ll need personal learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans for each student, 38 everyone could get what they need to succeed. These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never 39 learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem-solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be really 40 for our future education and work. 【答案】 31．themselves 32．fewer 33．have 34．helping 35．be interested in 36．around 37．properly 38．so that 39．stop 40．important 【导语】短文谈论未来世界的变化和可能的新工作，强调持续学习和批判性思维的重要性。 31．句意：例如，我们的汽车将开始自动驾驶。根据“our cars are going to start driving...”可知，cars driving themselves表示“汽车自动驾驶”，用they的反身代词形式themselves。故填themselves。 32．句意：同时，那意味着我们将需要比现在更少的司机。根据前面的“cars driving themselves”可知，跟现在比较，我们将会需要更少的司机。根据than可知用形容词few的比较级fewer。故填fewer。 33．句意：让我们看一看他们之中的一些吧。根据“Let’s...a look at”可知，固定搭配have a look表示“看一看”，用动词have的原形。故填have。 34．句意：这些工人将充当机器医生，找出问题所在并帮助它变得更好。根据“finding out what’s wrong with a robot and...”可知，用现在分词helping与“finding”并列，表示帮助机器人恢复。故填helping。 35．句意：在未来，更多的人可能对太空旅行感兴趣，所以我们需要能带游客参观恒星和行星的导游。根据“so we might need guides who can show tourists”可知，是更多的人可能对太空旅游感兴趣，might后接动词原形，用be interested in，原形短语。故填be interested in。 36．句意：在未来，更多的人可能对太空旅行感兴趣，所以我们需要能带游客参观恒星和行星的导游。根据“show tourists...the stars and planets”可知，固定搭配show around表示“引导参观”，用介词around。故填around。 37．句意：随着AI迅速的发展，我们需要人检查 AI 是否正常工作。根据“need people to check if it works...”可知，修饰works，表示“正常工作”，用副词修饰动词，用proper的副词形式properly。故填properly。 38．句意：这些规划师会为每个学生制定学习计划，以便每个人都能成功。根据“These planners would create special learning plans for each student,”及“everyone could get what they need to succeed.”可知，后一句是前一句的目的，构成目的状语从句，用so that连接。故填so that。 39．句意：对于这些未来的工作最好的准备方式是接纳新想法，永不停止学习。根据“open to new ideas and never...”可知，stop learning表示“停止学习”，never后接动词原形。故填stop。 40．句意：知识仍然很重要，问题解决和批判性思维技能对未来教育和工作非常重要。根据“will be really...for our future education and work”可知，be important for 是固定搭配，表示“对……重要”。故填important。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $