Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(译林版)

该高中英语课件围绕“终身学习”主题，系统呈现文本解读、词汇语法（如强调句、动词不定式作定语）及阅读策略，通过课前预习导入，以原文呈现、读文清障、语法讲解为支架，帮助学生构建从文本理解到语言运用的学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力（词汇拓展如bound、resolve及句型解构）、思维品质（批判性思维培养）和文化意识（引用孔子名言），采用“剖语篇-析词汇-练应用”教学方法，学生提升综合语言能力与终身学习意识，教师可借助系统资源提高教学效率。

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading 1 篇章助解·释疑难 目 录 2 文本透析·剖语篇 4 课时检测·提能力 3 核心知识·巧突破 篇章助解·释疑难 力推课前预习 1 目录 Learning for life 　　[1]The more I learn， the better I know how much there is still left to learn.[2]As I journey through my life， I have become aware that acquiring knowledge is not only a means by which you can better understand the world， but also a way of appreciating how much， as an individual， you do not know. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） The ability to admit this should not be perceived as① a weakness， but as a strength.[3]I once had an art teacher， pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important， but also what you cannot see.[4]When I drew a still life②， it was impressed upon me that the blank③ spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition④as the actual objects themselves.Also， as the great educator⑤ Confucius⑥stated， “When you know a thing， to recognize that you know it； and when you do not know a thing， to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.” 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　[1]本句为“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”结构， 表 示“越……，就越……”。 　　[2]As引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；随着”； not only ...but also ...连接并列表语；“介词by＋关系代词 which”引导定语从句，修饰先行词a means；that和how much分 别引导一个宾语从句。 　　[3]动词-ing形式pointing out that ...what you cannot see作 定语，修饰teacher； that引导的宾语从句使用了强调句，强调主 语what you can see；not only ...but also ...连接两个并列的 what引导的主语从句。 　　[4]it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。 “as ...as ...”结构，意为“和……一样”。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【读文清障】 ①be perceived as 被视为/理解为…… ②drew a still life 画静物 ③blank adj.空白的 n.空白处，空格 ④composition n.构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术 ⑤educator n.教育家；教育工作者 ⑥Confucius n.孔子 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　It is vital to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly changing world.As you progress through life， you may study and work in new environments.Consequently， you will be exposed to⑦ many new ideas， beliefs， practices and learning experiences.Furthermore⑧， the production of knowledge is bound to⑨ grow rapidly.[5]New knowledge is constantly being generated⑩ and what you already know is being revised all the time⑪， to the extent⑫ that it can be difficult to keep pace with⑬ the latest developments.[ 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 6]Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve⑭ problems that are not yet problems！[7]This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing⑮ your knowledge through lifelong learning⑯ is both essential and beneficial. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　[5]what引导主语从句；to the extent that意为“达到这种程度以 至于……”。 　　[6]句中三个并列结构do jobs、use technologies、resolve problems后面都各自跟了一个that引导的定语从句。 　　[7]there is no need to do sth意为“没必要做某事”；that引导一 个宾语从句；refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning为动 词-ing短语作主语。 ⑦be exposed to 接触，面临；暴露于，暴露在 ⑧furthermore adv.此外；而且；再者 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） ⑨be bound to 一定会，很可能会 bound adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务（做某事） ⑩generate vt.产生；生成；引起 ⑪all the time 一直 ⑫to the extent 到……的程度 ⑬keep pace with sb/sth与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱 ⑭resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n.决心，坚定的信念 ⑮refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 ⑯lifelong learning 终身学习 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　So， how can you proceed⑰？Firstly， lifelong learning is an attitude.Lifelong learners are those who have an open mind⑱.Be objective⑲ and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.[8]Do not criticize⑳ them or reject them simply because they differ from㉑ what you know or believe.At the same time， you need to develop critical thinking㉒ skills so that you do not blindly accept new ideas.Instead， you should inquire㉓further to assess㉔ the truth of what you are being told.[ 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 9]Secondly， take advantage of㉕ opportunities for lifelong learning—for example， you could register㉖ online and subscribe to㉗ e-learning courses， which have become increasingly popular in recent years.[10]You could also visit the local library， where resources are rich and diverse.[11]Finally， understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know， because for knowledge to have concrete㉘ value， it must be applied.Importantly， after its application， there must then follow a review process of analysis， evaluation and improvement so that your comprehension㉙ of the world becomes a continuous process. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　[8]what引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语。 　　[9]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词e-learning courses。 　　[10]where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the local library。 　　[11]that引导的宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是or连接 的两个并列的动词不定式短语。what you know为what 引导的宾语从 句，作 understand 的宾语。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） ⑰proceed vi.继续，接着做；行进；前往 ⑱have an open mind 有着开放的胸怀，愿意听取（接受、考虑）别人 的意见（想法） ⑲objective adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n.目标，目的 ⑳criticize vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 ㉑differ from 与……不同 ㉒critical thinking 批判性思维 ㉓inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） ㉔assess vt.评估；评定（性质、质量）；估算；估定（数量、价值） ㉕take advantage of 利用…… ㉖register vi.& vt.登记，注册 n.语体风格，语域；登记表 ㉗subscribe to 订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）；同意，赞成 subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购（或订阅等） ㉘concrete adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n.混凝土 ㉙comprehension n.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　In summary， in a world of constant change， one should never cease㉚ to learn.Lifelong learning will help you develop your skills and further your career， and will boost your sense of self-worth㉛ and keep your mind active.Therefore， know what you know and use it； know what you do not know and embrace it； know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it. ㉚cease vi.& vt.（使）停止，终止，结束 ㉛self-worth n.自我价值感 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　我学得越多，就越明白要学的东西还很多。当我走在人生的旅途 中时，我开始领悟到，求知不光是让你能更好地了解世界的一种手 段，也是洞悉自己作为个体还有多少未知的一种方式。能承认自己尚 且无知不应被认为是一种缺点，而应是一种优势。我曾经有过一位美 术老师，他（她）向我指出，重要的不仅仅是你能看到的东西，你看 不到的东西也很重要。当我在画静物时，我意识到，成功的构图中， 物体之间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。而且，正如伟大教育家 孔子所言：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。” 【参考译文】 终身学习 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　在一个瞬息万变的世界里，保持终身学习是极为重要的。当你在 人生旅途中前行时，你可能会置身新环境中学习和工作。因此，你会 接触到许多新观点、新信仰、新实践和新的学习经历。此外，知识的 产生必然是迅速增长的。新的知识不断涌现着，你已有的认知一直在 被修正，以至于难以跟上最新的发展。的确，可能有一天你会从事目 前还不存在的职业，使用现在还未开发的技术，解决当下还不是问题 的问题！这并不是说学校教育对你来说没有必要，而是承认通过终身 学习来更新你的知识是必不可少且十分有益的。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　那么，该如何做到呢？首先，终身学习是一种态度。终身学习者 是那些有着开放心态的人。客观看待事物，让自己接纳新知识和新理 念。不要仅仅因为它们与自己的认知或信念不同，就加以批评或拒 斥。同时，你需要培养批判性思考能力，以免对新观点一味盲从。相 反，当你听到新的说法时，应当进一步探究真相。其次，利用终身学 习的机会——例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学习课程，近年来这 类课程越来越受欢迎。你也可以去本地的图书馆，那里有丰富多样的 资源。最后，要明白仅仅是知道某事或理解你所知道的知识是不够 的，因为要让知识发挥实际价值，必须对其加以应用。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 重要的是，将知识付诸实践后，必须随之跟进一个分析、评估和改进 的回顾环节，这样你对世界的理解就是一个连续的过程了。 　　总之，在一个日新月异的世界里，一个人绝不能停止学习。终身 学习会帮助你提升个人能力，推动职业发展，也会帮助你增强自我价 值感并保持思维活跃。因此，要知道自己知道什么并运用所知；要知 道自己不知道什么并接纳未知；要知道人生有涯而知无涯，对未知抱 有一颗探究之心。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 文本透析·剖语篇 助力语篇理解 2 目录 第一步：析架构，理文本脉络 Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫 Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1. What is the author’s argument in this text？（　　） A. We should be critical of new ideas. B. We should be confident about ourselves. C. One ought to spend more time learning. D. One should keep learning throughout life. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 2. Why did the author quote Confucius’ saying in Paragraph 1？（　　） A. To show Confucius’ wide knowledge. B. To give us a general introduction of Confucius. C. To show he is in agreement with the famous figure. D. To suggest admitting what we don’t know. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 3. Why should we be lifelong learners in a rapidly changing world？ （　　） ①Life can be boring and dull without learning. ②The production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly. ③It can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments. ④You will be exposed to many new ideas， beliefs， practices and learning experiences. A. ①②④ B. ①②③ C. ②③④ D. ①③④ 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 4. Who is likely to become a lifelong learner？（　　） A. A man who is good at studying. B. A man who is objective and open-minded. C. A person who likes to make critical comments. D. A person who is unwilling to put what he learned into practice. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 5. What do lifelong learners need to do in order not to accept new ideas blindly？ （　　） A. Develop critical thinking skills. B. Have positive attitudes towards new technology. C. Make themselves open to new knowledge and ideas. D. Reject new knowledge that differs from what they know. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 第三步：通词句，学语言表达 1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词 （1）以-sion结尾的名词 ①comprehension 理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 ②decision 决定 ③discussion 讨论 ④possession 拥有 ⑤explosion 爆炸 ⑥conclusion 结论 ⑦permission 允许，许可 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） （2）以re-开头的动词 ①refresh 使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 ②resolve 解决；表决；决心，决定 ③recover 恢复；痊愈 ④replace 取代，代替 ⑤recall 回忆 ⑥reuse 再利用 ⑦rebuild 重建 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法 （1）引用：文中使用了引用名人名言的写作手法。一个恰当的引 用可以增强可信度和说服力，引起读者的阅读兴趣，加深读 者对阅读内容的理解。 请找出课文中引用名人名言的句子。 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Also， as the great educator Confucius stated， “When you know a thing， to recognize that you know it； and when you do not know a thing， to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.” 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） （2）排比：排比是把三个或三个以上结构相同或相似，语气一致 的短语、句子或段落成串地排列在一起的修辞手法。使用排 比可以增强语言的气势和表达效果。 请从课文中找出排比句。 ① ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ② ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems！ Therefore， know what you know and use it； know what you do not know and embrace it； know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 核心知识·巧突破 探究课堂重点 3 目录 Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释 bound adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务（做某事）；准备前往（某 地） 【教材原句】　Furthermore， the production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly. 此外，知识的产生必然是迅速增长的。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）be bound to　 　一定会，很可能会 be bound for　　准备前往（某地） （2）be bound by sth （to do sth） 　受（法律、义务或情况）约束 （必须做某事）；有义务（做某事） （3）be bound up in sth　忙于某事；热衷于某事 be bound up with　　与……密切相关 【佳句】　While traveling in foreign countries， you’re bound to experience different degrees of culture shock. 在国外旅行时，你一定会体验到不同程度的文化冲击。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Several hours later， they finally managed to board the train bound Beijing. ②He’s too bound up his work to have much time for his children. ③You are bound the contract to pay before the end of the month. ④The development of highway transportation is closely bound up the regional economy. for　 in　 by　 with　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤If you keep on working hard like this， chances ⁠ ⁠. 如果你继续这样努力工作，机会一定会眷顾你。 are bound to favour you　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定n.决心，坚定的信念 【教材原句】　Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems！ 的确，可能有一天你会从事目前还不存在的职业，使用现在还未开发 的技术，解决当下还不是问题的问题！ 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1） 决心做某事，决定做某事 resolve on sth　　决定某事 resolve a conflict/problem/crisis　　解决冲突/问题/危机 （2）weaken/strengthen/test/shake one’s resolve （to do sth）　削 弱/增强/考验/动摇某人（做某事）的决心 （3）resolution n.　　解决；决心，决定；决议 make a resolution to do sth　　决心做某事，决定做某事 （4）resolved adj.　　下定决心的，断然的，坚定的 be resolved to do sth　　下定决心做某事 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【佳句】　No hardships can shake their resolve to overcome all obstacles. 环境再艰苦也动摇不了他们征服困难的决心。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①As a considerate husband， he made a （resolve） not to tell her the truth of her health. ②She was （resolve） to report the matter to the hospital’s nursing manager. resolution　 resolved　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　一句多译 ③他们决定早点出发，打算在天黑之前到达野营地。 →They ， with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.（resolve vt.） →They ， with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.（resolve vi.） →They ， with the intention of getting to the campsite before night fell.（resolution） resolved an early start　 resolved on making an early start/to start early　 made a resolution to start early　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 【教材原句】　This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial. 这并不是说学校教育对你来说没有必要，而是承认通过终身学习来更 新你的知识是必不可少且十分有益的。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）refresh sb/oneself （with sth） （通过……）使某人恢复精 力；清醒头脑 refresh sb’s memory about/of 使某人想起……，唤起某人……的记忆 （2）refreshed adj.　恢复了精力的，精神振作的 feel refreshed　　恢复活力；焕发精神 make sb refreshed　　使某人精神振作 （3）refreshing adj.　　令人耳目一新的；别具一格的；使人精力充 沛的；使人凉爽的 （4）refreshment n.　　恢复活力；焕发精神 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【佳句】　He walked on the opposite side of the street to refresh his memory of the building. 他走在街的对面，以唤起对这座建筑的记忆。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①They refreshed themselves cans of light beer. ②When you need （refresh）， try coffee and dessert at a sidewalk cafe. ③Once you stand on the top of the mountain， you will feel quite （refresh） afterwards. ④It makes a （refresh） change to talk to someone who’s happy. with　 refreshment　 refreshed　 refreshing　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤If we are under pressure for a long time， doing some exercise can ⁠. 如果我们很长一段时间处在压力之下，锻炼可以使我们精神振作。 make us refreshed　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听 【教材原句】　Instead， you should inquire further to assess the truth of what you are being told. 相反，当你听到新的说法时，应当进一步探究真相。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）inquire sth （of sb）　 询问（某人）某事 inquire about sth/sb　　打听某事/某人 inquire into sth　　调查某事，查问某事 （2）inquiry n.　　调查；查询；询问，打听； （官方的）查问 make an inquiry about　　询问 （3）inquiring adj.　　好问的，爱探索的；探询的，探究的 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【佳句】　He went to the hospital to inquire about her.他到医院去打 听她的情况。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She inquired me very politely whether I wanted to continue the conversation or not. ②Inspectors were appointed to inquire the affairs of the company. of　 into　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　完成句子 ③ ， the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it.每当顾客询问 我的书时，志愿者都会把他们带到书架前指向它。 Whenever a customer would inquire about my book　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） assumption n.假定，假设 【教材原句】　Before the first black swan was seen， the assumption was that all swans were white. 在第一只黑天鹅被看见之前，这个假设是所有的天鹅都是白色的。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）make an assumption　　作出假设 on the assumption that ...　　假定……，假设…… （2）assume vt.　　假定，假设，认为 assume sb/sth to be　　认为某人/某物…… It is reasonable to assume （that） ...　　认为……有道理 It is （generally/usually） assumed that ...　（普遍/通常）认为…… （3）assuming conj.　　假如 assuming （that） ...　　假定……，假设…… 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【佳句】　Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the assumption you’ve made. 努力去理解实际正在发生的事情，而不是按照你作出的假设去行动。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①We make the （assume） that his performance is bound to be successful and excellent. ② is generally assumed that drinking tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory. ③We students assume him （be） the most qualified professor in our school. ④We are working on the assumption everyone invited will turnup. assumption　 It　 to be　 that　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　句式升级 ⑤If you are interested in it， please send an email to 123456@sina.com. → ， please send an email to 123456@sina.com.（assuming） Assuming （that） you are interested in it　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训 subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购（或订阅等） 【教材原句】　Secondly， take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example， you could register online and subscribe to e- learning courses， which have become increasingly popular in recent years. 其次，利用终身学习的机会——例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学 习课程，近年来这类课程越来越受欢迎。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）subscribe to 　订阅；定期订购（或订阅等）；同意，赞成 subscribe for　　订阅；订购 （2）subscription n.　　订阅费；会员费；定期捐款 subscriber n.　　订阅人；订购者；定期捐款者 【佳句】　Tim put forward a suggestion that we should subscribe to some magazines which are useful for our work and the department manager subscribed to his suggestion. 蒂姆建议我们订阅一些对我们工作有用的杂志，部门经理赞成他 的建议。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①You can subscribe the magazine for as little as $32 a year. ②You can become a member by paying the yearly ⁠ （subscribe）. ③How many people have subscribed the book when it is printed？ to　 subscription　 for　 【写美】　完成句子 ④I have never schooldays are the happiest days of your life. 我从未赞成过这样的看法，以为学生时代是你一生中最快乐的日子。 subscribed to the view that　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Part Ⅲ　重点句型解构 句型公式：动词不定式短语作定语 【教材原句】　The ability to admit this should not be perceived as a weakness， but as a strength. 能承认自己尚且无知不应被认为是一种缺点，而应是一种优势。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及the next、the only、the last、the very等词修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 （2）动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有plan、 ability、chance、opportunity、time、way等。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） I don’t think him to be the best man to do the job because he is very careless. 我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选，因为他很粗心。 【品悟】　The best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. 增强意志力的最好方法是把它养成一种习惯。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　完成句子 ①He refused to attend the meeting ⁠. 他拒绝参加第二天举行的会议。 ②I’m going to Beijing next week.Do you ⁠ ⁠？ 我下周要去北京。你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗？ ③Paula is from a debut album. 保拉是唯一一位在首张专辑中获得四个冠军的艺人。 to be held the next day　 have anything to be taken to your son　 the only artist to achieve four number ones　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） ④You’ll at the end of the meeting. 会议快结束时，你们将有机会提问任何问题。 have the opportunity to ask any questions　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 句型公式：强调句 【教材原句】　I once had an art teacher， pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important， but also what you cannot see. 我曾经有过一位美术老师，他（她）向我指出，重要的不仅仅是你能 看到的东西，你看不到的东西也很重要。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【用法】 （1）强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其 他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进 行强调，但不能强调谓语。 （2）强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who ＋句子其他部分？ （3）强调句的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其 他部分？ （4）not ...until句型的强调句结构：It is/was＋not until＋被强调部 分＋that＋句子其他部分。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【品悟】　It was while at the New York School of Art that he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings. 正是在纽约艺术学院时，他得以在其绘画作品中尝试像布、塑料等不 同的材料。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 【写美】　完成句子/句型转换 ① he met at the party. 在聚会时他遇到的是他最好的朋友。 ② you met Mr Smith？ 你是在公园里遇到史密斯先生的吗？ ③ prevented him from coming on time？ 是什么使得他没按时来？ It was his best friend that/who　 Was it in the park that　 What was it that　 ④Bach died in 1750， but his musical gift was not fully recognized until the early 19th century. →Bach died in 1750， but ⁠ his musical gift was fully recognized.（强调句） it was not until the early 19th century that　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 课时检测·提能力 培育学科素养 4 目录 维度一：品句填词 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. It was so hot that he r himself with a cool shower. 2. You should keep your principles and your sense of s ⁠. 3. Confucius is a great thinker as well as an e in Chinese history. efreshed　 elf-worth　 ducator　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 4. Apart from a few grammatical mistakes， your c is well written. 5. Please write your name in the b space at the top of the page. 6. So far twenty of the students have r for the summer online course. 7. I don’t have any （具体的） data to back up my ideas. 8. He was disappointed that he couldn’t understand this ⁠ （抽象的） concept. omposition　 lank　 egistered　 concrete　 abstract　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 9. Try to stay （客观的） about the situation， and this will help you not to become angry. 10. Although he had retired， the professor never （停止） to chase after his dream. objective　 ceased　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 维度二：词形转换 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. （assume） that you are hired by the big firm， what shall we do to congratulate you？ 2. They made a （resolve） to lose all the weight gained during the New Year. 3. You just need to fill in and submit a （register） form for a library card. Assuming　 resolution　 registration　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 4. Symphony No.9 is one of Beethoven’s most famous （compose）. 5. The （subscribe） can be cancelled within 7 days and you can get your money back. 6. There was widespread （criticize） of the local government’s handling of the crisis. 7. An official （inquire） has been launched into the cause of the accident. 8. Do you want to improve （comprehend） in both written and spoken English？ compositions　 subscription　 criticism　 inquiry　 comprehension　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 维度三：固定搭配和句式 根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。 1. 为了提高英语，我订了一份英语报。（subscribe to） In order to improve my English， I ⁠ ⁠. 2. 下次会议上要讨论的问题很重要。（动词不定式作定语） is of great significance. subscribe to an English newspaper　 The problem to be discussed at the next meeting　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 3. 她的女儿是去年夏天从那所大学毕业的。（强调句） her daughter graduated from the university. 4. 他认为英语晚会能让所有的孩子开心。（make＋宾语＋宾语补 足语） He thought that the English party would ⁠. It was last summer that　 make all the kids happy　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 5. 这个小男孩把所有的硬币都存起来，以便给他妈妈买礼物。（so that） The little boy put every coin in his savings ⁠ ⁠. 6. 去年我去了那个我上过三年学的学校。（关系副词引导的定语 从句） Last year I went to the school ⁠. so that he could buy his mother a present　 where I stayed for three years　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 维度四：课文语法填空 阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确 形式。 　　There is always new knowledge to acquire and new skills to develop in our lives， so 1. is vital to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly 2. （change） world.As you progress through life， you may study and work in new environments.Consequently， you will be exposed 3. many new ideas， beliefs， practices and learning ⁠ it　 changing　 to　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 4. （experience）.Furthermore， the production of knowledge is bound 5. （grow） rapidly.Then how can you proceed as a lifelong learner？ Firstly， lifelong learning is 6. ⁠ attitude.Be objective 7. make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.Secondly， take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning.Finally， understand that it is not sufficient to 8. ⁠ （simple） know something or to understand 9. you know， because for knowledge to have concrete value， it must 10. ⁠ （apply）.In summary， in a world of constant change， one should never cease to learn. experiences　 to grow　 an　 and　 simply　 what　 be applied　 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　One skill that increasingly matters in finding and keeping a job is the ability to keep learning.When technology is changing in unpredictable ways， and jobs are hybridizing （混合）， humans need to be able to pick up new skills.Eric Schmidt， former executive chairman of Alphabet， a holding company in which Google is the biggest member， has talked of Google’s recruitment （招聘） focus on “learning animals” — people who are naturally driven to learn on their own. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　An emphasis on learning has long been a hallmark of United Technologies Corporation （UTC）.Since 1996， UTC has been running a programme under which its employees can take part-time degrees and have part of tuition fees paid for them， no strings attached.Employers are often unwilling to train staff because they might leave for competitors， taking their expensively gained skills with them.But Gail Jackson， the firm’s vice-president， takes a different view.“It is better to train and have them leave than not to train and have them stay，” she says. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Such attitudes are becoming more common.When Satya Nadella took over as boss of Microsoft， he drew on the work of Carol Dweck， a psychology professor， to push the firm’s culture in a new direction.Ms Dweck divides students into two camps： those who think that abilities are innate （天生的） and fixed （reducing motivation to learn） and those who believe that abilities can be improved through learning.This “growth mindset” is what the firm is trying to encourage.It has improved its performance-review criteria to include an evaluation of how employees have learned from others and then applied that knowledge. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　AT & T， a telecoms and media firm with around 300，000 employees， faces two big workforce problems： rapidly changing skill requirements in an era of big data and cloud computing， and constant labour turnover that leaves the company having to fill 50，000 jobs a year.Recruiting from outside is difficult and expensive.The firm’s answer is an ambitious plan to reskill its own people.The firm has developed short courses， and employees can work in their own time to learn new skills. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企业越来越重视员工的 学习能力的现象。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企业越来越重视员工的 学习能力的现象。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 1. Why is Eric Schmidt mentioned in Paragraph 1？（　　） A. To stress the importance of learning technology. B. To prove skills requirements are rapidly changing. C. To illustrate companies regard learning as a core skill. D. To compare the hiring philosophies of Alphabet and Google. 解析：　目的意图题。根据第一段内容可知，就寻找、保住工作 而言，有一项技能变得越来越重要，即学习能力。Eric Schmidt曾 谈到谷歌的招聘重点是寻找“学习型动物”，即能够主动学习的 人。作者通过介绍谷歌的招聘理念，举例说明了企业认为学习能力 是一项重要的技能。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 2. What does the underlined part “Such attitudes” in Paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A. Companies should invest in employee training. B. Companies should keep an eye on their competitors. C. Companies should work hard to make their talents stay. D. Companies should hire people holding an advanced degree. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后三句可知，很多雇主通常 都不愿意培训员工，因为这些员工在接受了昂贵的培训且获得技能 后，可能会跳槽到竞争对手处。但Gail Jackson持有不同的观点， 她曾说：“与其不培训员工并把他们留在公司，还不如让员工接受 培训后再离开。”由此可推知，“这种态度”是指企业应该在员工 培训方面作出投资。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 3. What did Satya Nadella do when he became Microsoft’s CEO？（　） A. He divided the employees into two camps. B. He set a new direction for business growth. C. He included Carol Dweck into his management team. D. He promoted a learning culture within the organization. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Satya Nadella在接 任微软总裁时，为公司文化制定了一个新方向。他借鉴了一位心理 学教授的观点，改进了其绩效评估标准，包括评估员工是如何向他 人学习并应用所学知识的。由此可推知，Satya Nadella上任后，在 企业内推广了一种学习型文化。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 4. What is AT & T’s response to its workforce problems？（　　） A. Increasing the salary of most employees. B. Training existing staff to learn new skills. C. Extending the working time of the employees. D. Hiring new employees with reliable technical skills. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，AT & T面临着两 大劳动力问题，该公司的应对措施是一项宏伟的计划：重新培训自 己的员工。该公司开发了一些短期课程，员工能利用自己的时间来 学习新技能。由此可知，AT & T的应对方法是培训现有员工学习 新技能。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） B 　　Agostino Ramelli， the 16th-century Italian military engineer， designed many devices for the changing Renaissance （文艺复兴时期） landscape.His most eye-catching machine was one meant to develop the mind： a revolving （旋转的） wooden wheel with angled shelves， which allowed users to read multiple books at one time.“This is a beautiful and well-designed machine， very useful and convenient for anyone who takes pleasure in study，” Ramelli wrote in Le diverse et artificiose machine， his illustrated masterpiece of mechanical solutions. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Ramelli never ended up building this device， but the book wheel has long attracted those who study the history of the book.In 2018， a group of undergraduate engineering students at Rochester Institute of Technology （RIT） set out to build two.They began by seriously studying the Italian engineer’s illustration and then obtained historically accurate materials.With the help of modern power tools and processes， they brought it to life.Today， one wheel is at the Melbert B. Cary， Jr.Graphic Arts Collection at RIT’s Wallace Library， and the other at the University of Rochester’s Rossell Hope Robbins Library. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Simpler book wheels did exist before Ramelli’s.Readers in the late medieval period could sit by a machine， which turned open books in a circle along a horizontal plane （水平面）， like a Lazy Susan.Steven Galbraith， who is in charge of the Cary Collection， says that the Italian engineer was trying to improve this design and meet an increasing need to cross-reference books， which were often larger and heavier.Through the 16th century， books were beginning to talk to each other a lot more — one might reference another — so a book wheel could have been convenient. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　The Cary Collection’s wheel can be used for individual reading research， but it is also often used as a teaching tool. In Russia， the Museum of Languages of the World built its own version as well. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。十六世纪意大利工程师Agostino Ramelli设计的一个复杂而奇妙的装置——书轮，现如今由来自罗彻 斯特理工大学的学生们将其变为了现实。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。十六世纪意大利工程师Agostino Ramelli设计的一个复杂而奇妙的装置——书轮，现如今由来自罗彻 斯特理工大学的学生们将其变为了现实。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 5. What can be learned about Ramelli？（　　） A. He had an active and creative mind. B. He built a wheel for people to read books. C. He contributed a lot to Renaissance literature. D. He finished Le diverse et artificiose machine at RIT. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，Ramelli设计了很 多精巧的装置。由此可推知，他头脑活跃，富有创造力。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 6. What is stressed in the second paragraph？（　　） A. Ramelli’s illustration. B. Modern power tools and processes. C. The book wheels made by some students. D. The improvements made to Ramelli’s wheel. 解析：　段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了一群来自罗彻斯特理工 大学的学生将Ramelli描述的书轮变为现实。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 7. What does Galbraith say about Ramelli’s wheel？（　　） A. It was tailored for quick reference. B. It was simpler than previous designs. C. It was usually used on a horizontal plane. D. It was popular in the early medieval period. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，Galbraith认为 Ramelli是为了当时要相互参照书籍的需求而量身打造的书轮。本 段中的Lazy Susan意为“餐桌转盘”。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 8. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text？（　　） A. To discuss. B. To persuade. C. To entertain. D. To report. 解析：　写作目的题。本文主要讲述了罗彻斯特理工大学的学生 们将意大利工程师Ramelli设计的书轮变为现实这一故事。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　With about a billion English language learners from all over the globe， English is the most popular second language worldwide.But achieving fluency in English doesn’t come without its fair share of difficulties.9.（　　） 　　Mixing up closely related adjectives. 　　English has many adjectives that are similar in both meaning and form， such as bored/boring and interested/interesting.10.（　　） Thus， it’s easy for English learners to accidentally use the wrong one. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Forgetting about gender-specific pronouns. 　　In many languages， object pronouns （e.g.him and her） and possessive pronouns （e.g.his and hers） are the same.11.（　　） Therefore， remembering that these pronouns in English take on genders can be demanding for some students. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Forming questions in the wrong word order. 　　In many languages， you can simply stick a question mark at the end of a sentence， and your statement becomes a question.12.（　　） Specifically， the statement “You are going to the store” becomes “Are you going to the store？” when it’s framed （表达） as a question.This is easy to forget， so learners often create ill-formed questions like “You are going to the store？” 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 　　Not knowing when to use the right article. 　　The English language contains 3 articles： “the”“an”and“a”.They come before nouns and confuse learners.As any English teacher knows， it’s extremely difficult to explain the precise rules regarding when to use “the” or “a” — and there are plenty of exceptions.13.（　　） 　　To sum up， there are a lot of places to go wrong when learning English！ However， don’t let this discourage you — as with any language， practice makes perfect. A. These pairs vary by only a couple of letters. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） B. A special feature of English is that all sentences need a subject. C. In English， however， asking a question often requires a change in word order. D. This is especially hard for learners whose native language doesn’t have articles. E. Below are some of the most common mistakes made by English language learners. F. For instance， in Spanish， “his book” and “her book” are both translated as “su libro”. G. Here are some of the reasons why so many people are learning the English language. 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语学习者最常犯的几 个错误。 9. E　上文说明了全球大约有十亿英语学习者，但是要流利地使用英 语并非易事。根据下文四个小标题可知，E项（下面是英语学习者最 常犯的一些错误）符合语境。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语学习者最常犯的几 个错误。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 10. A　空前一句指出：在英语中，很多形容词在意思和形式上都很 相似，比如bored/boring和interested/interesting。下文指出结果，英语 学习者一不小心就会用错。A项（这几对词语仅相差几个字母）符合 语境，与下文构成因果关系。A项中的These pairs指代设空处前一句 中列举的两对形容词。 11. F　空前一句指出：在许多语言中，宾格代词（例如him和her）和 物主代词（例如his和hers）是相同的。F项以西班牙语进行举例说 明，符合语境。F项中的both translated as “su libro”与设空处前一句 中的the same相呼应。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） 12. C　上文指出：在许多语言中，你只需要在句子末尾加一个问 号，就能把陈述句变成疑问句。C项（但在英语中，要想构成疑问 句，通常需要改变词序）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。C项中的 word order与小标题中的word order构成原词复现。 13. D　上文说明了英语中有三个冠词：“the”“an”和“a”，英语 老师都清楚的一点是，很难解释清楚冠词使用的准确规则，况且还有 很多特殊用法。D项（对于母语中没有冠词的学习者来说，这点尤其 困难）符合语境。D项中的articles与小标题中的article和上文中的 articles构成原词复现。 目录 英语·选择性必修第四册（YL） $