专练07 定语从句（专题专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专练07 定语从句 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 定语从句用法（语法填空） 考向02 定语从句在句子翻译中运用（句子翻译） B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 题源：2026 年静安区一模第 3 题 · 原题：He eventually got the bear out through the front door by screaming, (3)____________ eventually left but not before it ate an entire bag of marshmallows. · 答案：which · 新考法度说明：本题考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子（“通过尖叫赶熊出门” 这件事），关系词在从句中作主语。突破传统 “先行词为单个名词” 的考查模式，聚焦 “整个事件作先行词” 的特殊用法，结合黑熊闯入民居的叙事场景，要求学生精准判断先行词范围，体现定语从句的灵活运用。 题源：2026 年宝山区一模第 7 题 · 原题：It’s advertised as the most physically and mentally challenging adventure ____7____will forever change your view of yourself. · 答案：that · 新考法说明：本题考查限制性定语从句，先行词为 “adventure”，且被形容词最高级 “the most challenging” 修饰，关系词在从句中作主语。核心考查 “先行词被最高级修饰时用 that 引导” 的语法规则，结合极限运动主题，通过特定修饰成分限定先行词，要求学生熟练掌握定语从句的特殊引导词用法。 考向01 单句语法填空 1. This is my English teacher, __________ __________ I’ve learned a lot. 2．Attending the charity event was an occasion __________I realized the importance of giving back to the community. 3．The novel, ___________ main character is a young detective, has won the annual literature award. 4. This is my English teacher, __________ __________ help I couldn’t have made such rapid progress. 5．After reading this novel, we were all impressed by such integrity _________was shown by the leading character. 6．Do you remember a certain occasion you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand. (用适当的词填空) 7．The old man has two daughters, both of work as doctors. （用适当的词填空） 8．The Amazon River, from the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length -roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. (用适当的词填空) 9．I wish to thank Professor Smith, with the help of , I become who I am today. (用适当的词填空) 10．Some think of the office as the new offsite, the purpose of is to get people together so they can do the things that remote working makes harder: establishing deeper relationships or cooperating in real time on specific projects.（用适当的词填空） 11．I’ll be talking to Dr Richard, new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. (用适当的词填空) 12．The concert hall has the most wonderful atmosphere___________ can make the audience fully immersed in the music. 13．After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. (用适当的词填空) 14．I communicated with a lawyer, point of view on the global affair was very novel. （用适当的词填空） 15．You are expected to find some group activities, you can be with people who share your interests. (用适当的关系词填空) 考向02 定语从句在句子翻译中运用 1．本书论述了近50年来家庭生活的变化程度。(extent) 2．百年历史古戏台风韵犹存，依稀可辨当年辉煌。(whose) 3．这位外交官的发言句句切中要害，令与会人员倍感压力。（point） 4．春节是中国人举家团聚的幸福时刻。(reunite) 5．这位作家凭借一部脍炙人口的小说斩获文学奖，其创作才华理应得到认可。（credit） 6．我们学校的特色是各种各样的创新课程，课程的老师都经验丰富，关爱学生。 (feature) 7．评委们为他的成绩鼓掌，不是因为他解题耗时最短，而是他的方法精妙绝伦。(reason) 8．这位头发花白的外交官与老友不期而遇，脑海中浮现出那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月。 9．打工旅行是一种新型旅游方式，你可以通过付出时间和劳动，换取价格在自己承受范围内的住宿。(where) 10．近期多起儿童误食蜡笔引发窒息的报道提醒家长，需要妥善保管此类文具，避免意外发生。(where) 11．我们很遗憾地通知您，无法给未提前注册者提供门票，请上网看开幕式的直播。（available） 12．这条绿色长廊的建设，展示了生态设计为城市生活带来的全新活力。(bring) 13．这部改编自中国经典传说的音乐剧，由一位新晋演员饰演悲剧英雄，他的表演为这则历史悠久的故事注入了新的生命力。（whose） 14．每周三下午，各班轮流打理小花园，从松土到浇水，同学们在挥洒汗水中感受劳作的乐趣和协作的力量。(where) 15．通过这场沉浸式展览，观众在光影交织的空间中穿梭，感受到历史与未来相遇时的震撼。(when) Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A new artificial intelligence (AI) tool called ChatGPT has excited the Internet community with its superhuman abilities to solve math problems, produce college articles and write research papers. Some educators predict that such AI systems 1 (change) the world of learning, teaching, and research, for better or worse. Ethan Mollick, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business, sees its benefits as 2 learning partner. He has used it as his own teacher’s assistant, for help with preparing a lecture and 3 (grade) instructions for MBA students. “You can ask it to find a mistake in your writing and correct it and tell you why you got it wrong,” he said. “It can’t be 4 (amazing).” But limitations 5 (set) on the superhuman assistant; after all, humans created ChatGPT. It sometimes lies to you, with confidence. There have been situations 6 ChatGPT won’t tell you when it doesn’t have the answer. That’s what Teresa Kubacka, a data scientist 7 (base) in Zurich, Switzerland, found when she experimented with the language model. “I asked it about something that I know doesn’t exist so that I can judge whether it actually also has the idea of what exists and what doesn’t exist.” she said. The answer produced by ChatGPT sounded so specific 8 Kubacka had to find out whether the made-up thing was actually real. “This is where it becomes kind of dangerous,” she said. Oren Etzioni, the founding CEO of the Allen Institute for AI, says, “ChatGPT doesn’t produce good science”. But ChatGPT’s appearance is considered 9 (be) a good thing. He sees this as a moment for review. “ChatGPT is just a few days old, I like to say,” said Etzioni, “It’s giving us a chance to understand 10 he can and cannot do.” Passage 02 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The problems of public speaking For most people, one of the biggest fears in life is having to make a speech, whether at school, at a wedding, or in our business lives. There are several good reasons for this, not least among them the fear that no-one will have the slightest interest in 11 you are saying. If you are on stage, 12 is often the case with such speeches, there’s no problem. Fortunately, it is not possible for you to see the audience, 13 the lights blind you the moment you step up. The only area of the stage that may have no light is the lectern (讲台) 14 you put your notes—it will be in total darkness. There are times, however, when you probably realise that you 15 (leave) your glasses at home. Despite having spent ages preparing it, you now have to improvise (即兴) a 40-minute speech 16 (base) on those few words of your notes you can actually see. It’s then 17 the technical faults start to come into play. First, if you need any, your slides and illustrations won’t work. If it’s in your hands, you’ll accidentally push the wrong button and show everything upside down. If professionals are 18 charge, they will show the wrong picture at the wrong time, and even jump a couple. If you’re lucky, the lights will fail at this point and the speech will have to be abandoned! It’s a good thing that the technical support is excellent, 19 (allow) you to make a good and lasting impression. It’s important to start well. To fight nerves, it’s a good idea to hold the lectern with both hands, but not too tightly, because they have been known 20 (collapse)! 【2023上海春考】Young Enterprise primarily meets the needs of young people ( 23 )__________ are still at school, giving them an understanding of industry and the opportunities it may offer them in the future. 【2022年秋考】This technique may involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry specific materials Conversations with consumers also facilitate the identification of their frustrations and negative experiences, (27) ________they may use to enhance a firm. 【2022年春考】The light is called the aurora. Usually you can see it only at the very north of the earth,(23)_______it is called aurora borealis or Northern Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights. 翻译 1．（2023·上海·高考真题）正如预期的那样，艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣（generate） 2．（2023·上海·高考真题）这家重点实验室将和当地职业学校签订合作协议，为学生提供不一般的互动体验。（sign） 3．（2023·上海·高考真题）这部电视连续剧的剧情围绕某一虚拟的华南城市展开，在剧中汽车工业一直是该城市的骄傲。(where) 4．（2021·上海·高考真题）小河蜿蜒流淌，陪伴了世代居住在这里的村民，见证了村庄的日新月异。（company） 5．（2021·上海·高考真题）这位先驱者的故居是间不起眼的木屋，现正修复中，游客有望在六月底一睹其真容。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专练07 定语从句 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 考向01 定语从句用法（语法填空） 考向02 定语从句在句子翻译中运用（句子翻译） B组·抢分能力练 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 题源：2026 年静安区一模第 3 题 · 原题：He eventually got the bear out through the front door by screaming, (3)____________ eventually left but not before it ate an entire bag of marshmallows. · 答案：which · 新考法度说明：本题考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子（“通过尖叫赶熊出门” 这件事），关系词在从句中作主语。突破传统 “先行词为单个名词” 的考查模式，聚焦 “整个事件作先行词” 的特殊用法，结合黑熊闯入民居的叙事场景，要求学生精准判断先行词范围，体现定语从句的灵活运用。 题源：2026 年宝山区一模第 7 题 · 原题：It’s advertised as the most physically and mentally challenging adventure ____7____will forever change your view of yourself. · 答案：that · 新考法说明：本题考查限制性定语从句，先行词为 “adventure”，且被形容词最高级 “the most challenging” 修饰，关系词在从句中作主语。核心考查 “先行词被最高级修饰时用 that 引导” 的语法规则，结合极限运动主题，通过特定修饰成分限定先行词，要求学生熟练掌握定语从句的特殊引导词用法。 考向01 单句语法填空 1. This is my English teacher, __________ __________ I’ve learned a lot. 【答案】 from whom。 【详解】考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法。从句谓语含有learn from短语。故答案是from whom。 2．Attending the charity event was an occasion __________I realized the importance of giving back to the community. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句关系副词用法。句意：参加慈善活动让我意识到回馈社会的重要性。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是occasion，关系词代替它在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 3．The novel, ___________ main character is a young detective, has won the annual literature award. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词用法。。句意：这部以年轻侦探为主角的小说获得了年度文学奖。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，The novel和main character之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的关系代词 whose，故填whose。 4. This is my English teacher, __________ __________ help I couldn’t have made such rapid progress. 【答案】without whose。 【详解】考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法。with one’s help表示“在某人帮助下”，结合语境应用否定形式。故答案是without whose。 5．After reading this novel, we were all impressed by such integrity _________was shown by the leading character. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词用法。句意：读完这本小说，我们都被主人公所表现出的正直所打动。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“integrity”，在从句中作主语，与such构成固定搭配，用关系代词as。故填as。 6．Do you remember a certain occasion you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得有一次你遇到困难时，我伸出了援助之手吗？定语从句修饰先行词occasion，在从句作时间状语，故用when引导。故填when。 7．The old man has two daughters, both of work as doctors. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人有两个女儿，都是医生。分析可知，逗号后的全部内容在句中为非限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词two daughters，作介词of的宾语，所以要用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 8．The Amazon River, from the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length -roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚马孙河，雨林的名字由此而来，全长近6400公里，比长江长约100公里。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Amazon River，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．I wish to thank Professor Smith, with the help of , I become who I am today. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要感谢史密斯教授，在他的帮助下，我成为了今天的我。分析句子可知，此处为介词of+关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Professor Smith在从句中作of的宾语成分，和help形成所属关系。故填whom。 10．Some think of the office as the new offsite, the purpose of is to get people together so they can do the things that remote working makes harder: establishing deeper relationships or cooperating in real time on specific projects.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人认为办公室是新的异地办公场所，其目的是让人们聚在一起，做远程办公难以做到的事情：建立更深层次的关系或在特定项目上实时合作。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词offsite是物，因此空格处是which，故填which。 11．I’ll be talking to Dr Richard, new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将与理查德博士交谈，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。先行词为 Dr Richard，作定语从句的定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。 12．The concert hall has the most wonderful atmosphere___________ can make the audience fully immersed in the music. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词用法。句意：音乐厅拥有最美妙的氛围，可以让观众完全沉浸在音乐中。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词atmosphere被最高级the most wonderful修饰，因此关系代词只能用that，故填that。 13．After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：几个月后，瑞安筹集了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近建造了一口井。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the $2,000。先行词指物，在从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 14．I communicated with a lawyer, point of view on the global affair was very novel. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我和一个律师交流了一番，他关于全球事物的观点很新颖。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a lawyer，从句中point of view与先行词为从属关系，关系词替代先行词作point of view的定语，故应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 15．You are expected to find some group activities, you can be with people who share your interests. (用适当的关系词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你应该参加一些团体活动，在那里你可以和有共同兴趣的人在一起。定语从句修饰先行词activities，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 考向02 定语从句在句子翻译中运用 1．本书论述了近50年来家庭生活的变化程度。(extent) 【答案】The book discusses the extent to which family life has changed over the past 50 years. 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。分析可知，句子包含一个定语从句，主句谓语为discuss(阐述)，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the book( 本书)是单数，谓语也用单数；固定短语the extent to，“……的程度”，用which指代先行词the extent并在定语从句中作介词to的宾语， 从句时间状语over the past 50 years表明用现在完成时。主谓一致，句首字母大写，故翻译为：The book discusses the extent to which family life has changed over the past 50 years. 2．百年历史古戏台风韵犹存，依稀可辨当年辉煌。(whose) 【答案】The century-old opera stage, whose past/ former glory is faintly visible, retains/ keeps its original charm/ glamour. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、形容词和动词。根据句意，该句描述客观存在的状态，全句使用一般现在时，表示“百年历史古戏台”为the century-old opera stage作主语；表示“风韵犹存”为retain/keep its original charm/glamour作谓语和宾语部分，主语为单数，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；表示“依稀可辨当年辉煌”作非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The century-old opera stage，先行词与从句中的“当年辉煌”为所属关系，所以使用关系代词whose引导，“当年辉煌”为past/former glory作从句主语，“依稀可辨”为is faintly visible。故翻译为The century-old opera stage, whose past/ former glory is faintly visible, retains/ keeps its original charm/ glamour. 3．这位外交官的发言句句切中要害，令与会人员倍感压力。（point） 【答案】Every sentence of the diplomat’s speech was to the point, putting great pressure on everyone who attended the meeting/present at the conference. 【详解】考查短语、时态以及非谓语动词。本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。“这位外交官的发言”翻译为Every sentence of the diplomat’s speech，在句中作主语；“句句切中要害”翻译为was to the point，其中to the point表示“切中要害”，为固定短语；“令某人……压力”翻译为put great pressure on sb.，“令与会人员倍感压力”可使用现在分词作结果状语，“与会人员”翻译为everyone who attended the meeting或者everyone present at the conference，其中who attended the meeting为定语从句，修饰先行词everyone。故翻译为Every sentence of the diplomat’s speech was to the point, putting great pressure on everyone who attended the meeting/present at the conference. 4．春节是中国人举家团聚的幸福时刻。(reunite) 【答案】The Spring Festival is a happy time when the Chinese get reunited with their family members． 【详解】考查动词和定语从句。“春节”是the Spring Festival，作主语；“是”用is；“幸福时刻”翻译为a happy time；time后用定语从句对其进行限定说明，用关系副词when引导从句；“中国人”是the Chinese；“举家团聚”翻译为get reunited with their family members。故整句翻译为The Spring Festival is a happy time when the Chinese get reunited with their family members． 5．这位作家凭借一部脍炙人口的小说斩获文学奖，其创作才华理应得到认可。（credit） 【答案】This writer, whose creative talent truly deserves credit, won a literary award by virtue of a popular novel. 【详解】考查固定搭配、定语从句。句子处理为主从复合句。主句主语“这位作家”译为this writer，“斩获文学奖”译为win a literary award，结合语境，“获奖”为过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“凭借”译为by virtue of，“脍炙人口的小说”译为a popular novel。“其创作才华理应得到认可”处理为whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰this writer，从句主句“创作才华”译为creative talent，“理应得到认可”用固定搭配deserve credit，主语creative talent为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式deserves。因此从句whose creative talent truly deserves credit。故翻译为：This writer, whose creative talent truly deserves credit, won a literary award by virtue of a popular novel. 6．我们学校的特色是各种各样的创新课程，课程的老师都经验丰富，关爱学生。 (feature) 【答案】Our school features a variety of innovative courses, whose teachers are experienced and care about students. 【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语。表示“我们学校”用our school，作主语；表示“特色是”用动词feature，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数features；表示“各种各样的”用固定短语a variety of；表示“创新课程”用innovative courses，作宾语。表示“课程的老师都经验丰富，关爱学生”用定语从句，从句中：表示“老师”用teachers，作主语，系动词用are；从句修饰先行词the teachers，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，用whose引导；表示“经验丰富”用experienced，作表语；表示“关爱学生”用care about students，此处用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形care。故翻译为Our school features a variety of innovative courses, whose teachers are experienced and care about students. 7．评委们为他的成绩鼓掌，不是因为他解题耗时最短，而是他的方法精妙绝伦。(reason) 【答案】The reason why the judges applauded his achievement was not that he solved the problem in the shortest time, but that his method was brilliant. 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。根据提示词reason和“不是因为……而是……”可知，要用The reason why… is/was not that…, but that…，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。“为他的成绩鼓掌”译为applaud his achievement；“解题耗时最短”译为solve the problem in the shortest time；“方法”译为method；“精妙绝伦”译为brilliant。本句陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故答案为：The reason why the judges applauded his achievement was not that he solved the problem in the shortest time, but that his method was brilliant. 8．这位头发花白的外交官与老友不期而遇，脑海中浮现出那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月。 【答案】An encounter with his old friend reminded the grey-haired diplomat of the youthful days when they were striving for their ideals. 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“与老友不期而遇”可用an encounter with his old friend，句首单词的首字母要大写；“脑海中浮现”可理解为“使人想起”用remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事，为动词短语，发生在过去，用一般过去时；表示“这位头发花白的外交官”为the grey-haired diplomat；表示“那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月”翻译为when引导定语从句修饰先行词days，且从句表示过去某个阶段的动作，用过去进行时，故翻译为the youthful days when they were striving for their ideals。故翻译为An encounter with his old friend reminded the grey-haired diplomat of the youthful days when they were striving for their ideals. 9．打工旅行是一种新型旅游方式，你可以通过付出时间和劳动，换取价格在自己承受范围内的住宿。(where) 【答案】Work travel is a new type of travel where you can exchange your time and labor for accommodation in your price range. 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。主语“打工旅行”为work travel；表示“一种新型旅游方式”可用be a new type of travel，后跟定语从句，修饰先行词travel，在从句作地点状语，故用where引导；主语为you；“可以”使用情态动词can，后接动词原形；表示“换取”短语为exchange for；表示“付出时间和劳动”为your time and labor；表示“住宿”用名词accommodation；表示“在自己承受范围内”为in your price range。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为Work travel is a new type of travel where you can exchange your time and labor for accommodation in your price range. 10．近期多起儿童误食蜡笔引发窒息的报道提醒家长，需要妥善保管此类文具，避免意外发生。(where) 【答案】Recent coverage (of multiple cases), where young children accidentally ate crayons and suffered from choking reminds parents to keep such stationery properly to avoid accidents. 【详解】考查定语从句及固定搭配。表示“近期”用recent；“多起……的报道”译为coverage of multiple cases，“儿童误食蜡笔引发窒息”为定语从句修饰cases，cases为抽象地点类先行词，用关系副词where引导，并在从句中作地点状语，从句主语“儿童”young children，“误食蜡笔”译为accidentally eat crayons，eat作谓语，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“引发窒息”译为suffer from choking，suffer和eat是并列谓语，也用一般过去时；“提醒家长”用remind parents，remind作主句谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为coverage，谓语用第三人称单数形式，“妥善保管此类文具”keep such stationery properly，用不定式作宾补，“避免意外发生”译为avoid accidents，用不定式作目的状语。句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为：Recent coverage (of multiple cases), where young children accidentally ate crayons and suffered from choking reminds parents to keep such stationery properly to avoid accidents. 11．我们很遗憾地通知您，无法给未提前注册者提供门票，请上网看开幕式的直播。（available） 【答案】We regret to inform you that tickets are not available for those who have not registered in advance; please watch the live broadcast of the opening ceremony online. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主句主语为we；陈述目前事实，用一般现在时，表示“很遗憾地通知”可用regret to inform sb. that，从句中“门票”用复数名词tickets；表示“无法提供……”可用be not available for；表示“未提前注册者”翻译为定语从句修饰先行词those，从句缺少主语，指人，用who引导，故翻译为those who have not registered in advance，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时；表示“请上网看开幕式的直播”为肯定祈使句，“看开幕式的直播”翻译为watch the live broadcast of the opening ceremony；表示“上网”用 online。故翻译为We regret to inform you that tickets are not available for those who have not registered in advance; please watch the live broadcast of the opening ceremony online. 12．这条绿色长廊的建设，展示了生态设计为城市生活带来的全新活力。(bring) 【答案】The construction of this green pathway/ corridor shows/ showcases the new vitality that eco-design brings to urban life. 【详解】考查动词、名词和定语从句。表示“这条绿色长廊的建设”短语为The construction of this green pathway/corridor，作句子的主语，其中construction是一个不可数名词，of this green pathway/corridor是一个介词短语，用来修饰和限定construction，结合语意，句子用一般现在时表示绿色长廊建设的客观好处，所以谓语动词“展示”用动词的三单形式shows或showcases；“全新活力”为new vitality，作宾语；“生态设计为城市生活带来的”译为一个定语从句，修饰先行词vitality，表示“生态设计”为eco-design，作从句主语，“为……带来……”使用动词短语bring...to...，关系词在从句中作bring的宾语，可用关系代词that引导，“城市生活”为urban life，作to的宾语。故翻译为The construction of this green pathway/corridor shows/showcases the new vitality that eco-design brings to urban life. 13．这部改编自中国经典传说的音乐剧，由一位新晋演员饰演悲剧英雄，他的表演为这则历史悠久的故事注入了新的生命力。（whose） 【答案】This musical, adapted from a classic Chinese legend, features a rising actor as the tragic hero, whose performance has breathed new life into this time-honored story. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句、非谓语动词和动词短语。“这部音乐剧”用this musical，在句中作主语，句首单词首字母需大写；“改编自中国经典传说的”作定语修饰this musical，“改编自”为固定短语adapt from，与逻辑主语this musical之间为被动关系，故adapt应用过去分词形式adapted；“中国经典传说”用名词短语a classic Chinese legend，作介词from的宾语；“由……饰演……”用动词短语feature…as…，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为this musical单数，故谓语动词feature应用第三人称单数形式features；“新晋演员”用a rising actor，作features的宾语；“悲剧英雄”用the tragic hero，作介词as的宾语；“他的表演为这则历史悠久的故事注入了新的生命力”用非限制性定语从句，由关系代词whose来引导，用来补充说明先行词a rising actor的身份；“表演”用名词performance，作主语； “为……注入……”用动词短语breathe...into...，此处描述过去动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语performance为单数，故谓语breathe应变为has breathed；“这则历史悠久的故事”用this time-honored story，作介词into的宾语；“新的生命力”用new life，作has breathed的宾语。故翻译为：This musical, adapted from a classic Chinese legend, features a rising actor as the tragic hero, whose performance has breathed new life into this time-honored story. 14．每周三下午，各班轮流打理小花园，从松土到浇水，同学们在挥洒汗水中感受劳作的乐趣和协作的力量。(where) 【答案】Every Wednesday afternoon, each class takes turns tending the small garden, where students sweat from loosening the soil to watering plants, experiencing the joy of labor and the power of cooperation. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“每周三下午”短语为every Wednesday afternoon，作状语；take turns doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“轮流做某事”，tend是动词，意为“打理，照料”，描述每周固定发生的事情，时态用一般现在时，因此表示“各班轮流打理小花园”用each class takes turns tending the small garden；此处用loosen和wate表示“松动”和“浇水”，跟在介词from后，用动名词形式作宾语，因此“从松土到浇水”为from loosening the soil to watering plants，表示“挥洒汗水”用动词sweat；此处用where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the small garden；表示“感受劳作的乐趣和协作的力量”短语为experience the joy of labor and the power of cooperation，用现在分词experiencing，作伴随状语。故翻译为Every Wednesday afternoon, each class takes turns tending the small garden, where students sweat from loosening the soil to watering plants, experiencing the joy of labor and the power of cooperation. 15．通过这场沉浸式展览，观众在光影交织的空间中穿梭，感受到历史与未来相遇时的震撼。(when) 【答案】Through this interactive/ engaging/ immersive exhibition, visitors wander/ the audience wander(s) through a space of light and shadow/spaces interwoven with light and shadow, feeling the awe that arises when history meets the future. 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“通过这场沉浸式展览”可用介词短语through this interactive/ engaging/ immersive exhibition；主语“观众”用复数名词visitors或audience；表示“在光影交织的空间中穿梭”可用过去分词interwoven作定语，翻译为wander through a space of light and shadow/spaces interwoven with light and shadow；表示“感受震撼”用现在分词短语feeling the awe，与主语构成主动关系；awe后跟定语从句，修饰先行词awe，在从句作主语，指物，表示“历史与未来相遇时的震撼”翻译为awe that arises when history meets the future。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为Through this interactive/ engaging/ immersive exhibition, visitors wander/ the audience wander(s) through a space of light and shadow/spaces interwoven with light and shadow, feeling the awe that arises when history meets the future. Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A new artificial intelligence (AI) tool called ChatGPT has excited the Internet community with its superhuman abilities to solve math problems, produce college articles and write research papers. Some educators predict that such AI systems 1 (change) the world of learning, teaching, and research, for better or worse. Ethan Mollick, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business, sees its benefits as 2 learning partner. He has used it as his own teacher’s assistant, for help with preparing a lecture and 3 (grade) instructions for MBA students. “You can ask it to find a mistake in your writing and correct it and tell you why you got it wrong,” he said. “It can’t be 4 (amazing).” But limitations 5 (set) on the superhuman assistant; after all, humans created ChatGPT. It sometimes lies to you, with confidence. There have been situations 6 ChatGPT won’t tell you when it doesn’t have the answer. That’s what Teresa Kubacka, a data scientist 7 (base) in Zurich, Switzerland, found when she experimented with the language model. “I asked it about something that I know doesn’t exist so that I can judge whether it actually also has the idea of what exists and what doesn’t exist.” she said. The answer produced by ChatGPT sounded so specific 8 Kubacka had to find out whether the made-up thing was actually real. “This is where it becomes kind of dangerous,” she said. Oren Etzioni, the founding CEO of the Allen Institute for AI, says, “ChatGPT doesn’t produce good science”. But ChatGPT’s appearance is considered 9 (be) a good thing. He sees this as a moment for review. “ChatGPT is just a few days old, I like to say,” said Etzioni, “It’s giving us a chance to understand 10 he can and cannot do.” 【答案】 1．will change 2．a 3．grading 4．more amazing 5．have been set/are set 6．where 7．based 8．that 9．to be 10．what 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了新的人工智能工具ChatGPT的优点和局限性。 1．考查一般将来时。句意：一些教育工作者预测，这样的人工智能系统将改变学习、教学和研究的世界，无论好坏。根据“predict”可知此处描述将来发生的事情，使用一般将来时。故填will change。 2．考查冠词。句意：宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的教授Ethan Mollick认为，它的好处是作为一种分级学习伙伴。此处泛指“一个学习伙伴”，使用不定冠词修饰。故填a。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：他把它当作自己老师的助手，帮助他准备讲座和给MBA学生批改作业。此处和preparing并列作介词with的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填grading。 4．考查形容词比较级。句意：它简直不能再神奇了。结合句意可知，此处为“否定词与比较级连用”相当于最高级的用法，意为“它简直不能再神奇了”，使用形容词比较级。故填more amazing。 5．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：但超人助手的局限性是存在的；毕竟，是人类创造了ChatGPT。主语limitations和set之间是被动关系，此处可理解为过去发生的事情对现在的影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，也可理解为一个一般性事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义。故填have been/are set。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在某些情况下，ChatGPT在没有答案时不会告诉您。空处引导定语从句，先行词是situations，关系词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是总部在瑞士苏黎世的数据科学家Teresa Kubacka在对语言模型进行实验时发现的。base和scientist之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作定语。故填based。 8．考查结果状语从句。句意：ChatGPT给出的答案听起来非常具体，以至于Kubacka不得不弄清楚这个虚构的东西是否真的存在。此处是so…that…引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：但ChatGPT的出现被认为是一件好事。be considered to do sth“被认为做某事”。故填to be。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：“我想说的是，ChatGPT刚刚诞生几天，” Etzioni说，“这给了我们一个机会来了解他能做什么和不能做什么。”空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 Passage 01 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The problems of public speaking For most people, one of the biggest fears in life is having to make a speech, whether at school, at a wedding, or in our business lives. There are several good reasons for this, not least among them the fear that no-one will have the slightest interest in 11 you are saying. If you are on stage, 12 is often the case with such speeches, there’s no problem. Fortunately, it is not possible for you to see the audience, 13 the lights blind you the moment you step up. The only area of the stage that may have no light is the lectern (讲台) 14 you put your notes—it will be in total darkness. There are times, however, when you probably realise that you 15 (leave) your glasses at home. Despite having spent ages preparing it, you now have to improvise (即兴) a 40-minute speech 16 (base) on those few words of your notes you can actually see. It’s then 17 the technical faults start to come into play. First, if you need any, your slides and illustrations won’t work. If it’s in your hands, you’ll accidentally push the wrong button and show everything upside down. If professionals are 18 charge, they will show the wrong picture at the wrong time, and even jump a couple. If you’re lucky, the lights will fail at this point and the speech will have to be abandoned! It’s a good thing that the technical support is excellent, 19 (allow) you to make a good and lasting impression. It’s important to start well. To fight nerves, it’s a good idea to hold the lectern with both hands, but not too tightly, because they have been known 20 (collapse)! 【答案】 11．what 12．as 13．because 14．where 15．have left 16．based 17．that 18．in 19．allowing 20．to collapse 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要叙述了公众演讲出现的一些问题。 11．考查宾语从句。句意：这样做有几个很好的理由，其中最重要的是担心没有人对你说的话有丝毫的兴趣。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“你在说的话”，故应用连接代词what。故填what。 12．考查定语从句。句意：如果你站在舞台上，就像这类演讲经常出现的情况一样，那就没有问题了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句“you are on stage”，在从句中作主语，表示“正如这类演讲经常出现的情况一样”，故应用关系代词as。故填as。 13．考查状语从句。句意：幸运的是，你不可能看到观众，因为灯光在你走上舞台的那一刻就让你眼花。空处引导状语从句，表示原因，故应用连词because。故填because。 14．考查定语从句。句意：舞台上唯一没有灯光的地方可能是你放笔记的讲台——那里将完全黑暗。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“lectern”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。 15．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，有时你可能会意识到你把眼镜忘在家里了。leave为动词，表示“留下、遗忘”，在句中作谓语；根据句中“are”和句意可知，该句表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语是“you”，谓语为复数。故填have left。 16．考查过去分词。句意：尽管你花了很长时间准备，但你现在必须根据你能看到的笔记上的几个字即兴创作一场40分钟的演讲。base为及物动词，表示“以……为基础”，base...on...表示“把……建立在……基础上”，根据谓语动词“have”可知，空处应用其非谓语动词形式，作后置定语修饰名词“speech”，并与其之间为被动关系，表示“被建立在……基础上的演讲”，应用过去分词形式。故填based。 17．考查强调句型。句意：就在那时，技术故障开始出现。该句为It is...that强调句型，强调“then”，故应用that。故填that。 18．考查介词。句意：如果专业人士在负责，他们会在错误的时间显示错误的图片，甚至会跳过一对。固定短语be in charge表示“负责、主管”，符合句意。故填in。 19．考查现在分词。句意：技术支持非常出色，这是一件好事，可以让您留下良好而持久的印象。allow为动词，表示“允许、使有可能”，根据谓语动词“is”可知，空处应用其非谓语动词形式，与“the technical support”之间为主动关系，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 20．考查动词不定式。句意：为了对抗紧张，用双手握住讲台是个好主意，但不要太紧，因为都知道它们要倒塌！collapse为动词，表示“倒塌、崩溃”，动词短语be known to do表示“被知道会……”，符合句意。故填to collapse。 【2023上海春考】Young Enterprise primarily meets the needs of young people ( 23 )__________ are still at school, giving them an understanding of industry and the opportunities it may offer them in the future. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。这里使用关系代词作为介绍young people的定语从句，修饰"young people"，指代"young people"，做主语，指人，可以使用"who/that"。 【2022年秋考】This technique may involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry specific materials Conversations with consumers also facilitate the identification of their frustrations and negative experiences, (27) ________they may use to enhance a firm. 【答案】27 which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。此处考查的是定语从句，their frustrations and negative experiences 在后面的从句中作宾语，属于事物，故填入which。句意:与消费者的对话也有助于识别他们的沮丧和负面体验，他们可能会利用这些来增强公司。 【2022年春考】The light is called the aurora. Usually you can see it only at the very north of the earth,(23)_______it is called aurora borealis or Northern Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights. 【答案】23.where [解析]考查定语从句。根据后面的“or at the very south,where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights.”可知此处同样是一个定语从句，也是用关系副词where 作后面从句的地点状语。故填入 where。句意:通常，你只能在地球的最北边看到它，在那里它被称为北极光，或者在地球的最南边，它被称为南极光。 翻译 1．（2023·上海·高考真题）正如预期的那样，艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣（generate） 【答案】As is expected, the Art Festival has generated students’ interest in folk culture. /As (was) expected, the art festival generated the tourists’/visitors’ interest in folk culture. 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。generate是动词，意思是“产生；引起”，“艺术节”的英文是Art Festival或者the art festival，“民俗文化”的英文是folk culture，“游客”的英文可以是tourist或者visitor。整个句子可以处理成主从复合句，主句部分为简单的主谓宾结构，从句考查as引导的非限制定语从句“As was expected”，其中was可以省略。根据句意，整个句子可用一般过去时，也可用一般现在时，则从句为“As is expected”，主句用现在完成时表影响。故可翻译为As is expected, Art Festival has generated students’ interest in folk culture./As (was) expected, the art festival generated the tourists’/visitors’ interest in folk culture. 2．（2023·上海·高考真题）这家重点实验室将和当地职业学校签订合作协议，为学生提供不一般的互动体验。（sign） 【答案】The key laboratory will sign cooperation agreements with local vocational schools, which will bring students an unusual interactive experience. /The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools to provide students with unusual interactive experiences. 【详解】考查时态，形容词，名词，动词短语，介词，动词不定式。“实验室”为名词laboratory或者lab；表示“重点的”为形容词key；所以“重点实验室”为The key laboratory/lab；表示“签订，签署”为动词sign；“与……签订合作协议”可以译为sign a cooperation agreement with…，根据汉语意思可知，此处表示的是将来的时间，所以用一般将来时；“当地的”为形容词local；“职业学校”为名词短语vocational school，数量大于一用复数形式。所以主句部分为The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools。表示“提供”用provide，“向某人提供某物”为provide sb. with sth；“不一般的”为形容词unusual；“互动的”为形容词interactive；“体验”experience为可数名词，此处用复数；所以目的状语部分为不定式短语to provide students with unusual interactive experiences，此处也可用非限制定语从句形式，前句提到的事做先行词，在从句中作主语，用which引导，“为学生提供不一般的互动体验”译为bring students an unusual interactive experience，时态用一般将来时。故答案为The key laboratory will sign cooperation agreements with local vocational schools, which will bring students an unusual interactive experience./The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools to provide students with unusual interactive experiences. 3．（2023·上海·高考真题）这部电视连续剧的剧情围绕某一虚拟的华南城市展开，在剧中汽车工业一直是该城市的骄傲。(where) 【答案】This TV series revolves around a fictional city in southern China, where the auto industry has long been a source of pride./The plot of this TV series revolves around a fictional city in southern China, where the auto industry has always been the pride of the city. 【详解】考查定语从句。根据括号提示词where可以得知，本题在语法方面侧重于考查考生对从句的(where引导的非限制性定语从句)掌握情况。where作为定语从句中的关系副词，需要出现在表示地点的名词或代词之后，且从句部分不缺少主干成分。“电视连续剧”的英文是TV series，“剧情”可以翻译成“围绕着……展开”，英文是“revolve around...”，“虚拟的”的英文是fictional，“华南城市”的英文是southern China，“汽车工业”的英文是auto industry，“该城市的骄傲”可以翻译成“a source of pride”或者“the pride of the city”，可以将“华南城市”当做先行词，中文的后半句当做定语从句处理，由于是描述电视剧的剧情，整个句子使用一般现在时，故可翻译成This TV series revolves  around a fictional city in southern China, where the auto industry has long been a source of pride./The plot of this TV series revolves around a  fictional city in southern China, where the auto industry has always  been the pride of the city. 4．（2021·上海·高考真题）小河蜿蜒流淌，陪伴了世代居住在这里的村民，见证了村庄的日新月异。（company） 【答案】The winding stream that keeps the villagers company, who have lived there for generations, is a witness of/has witnessed the constant changes of this village. 【详解】考查定语从句，时态，名词和短语。主语是这条小河蜿蜒流淌，也就是这条蜿蜒流淌的小河，译为“The winding stream”，与村民朝夕相伴，用定语从句修饰名词小河，主谓一致，译为“that keeps the villagers company”，世代居住于此再用非限制性定语从句修饰先行词村民，进行补充说明，译为“who have lived there for generations”，主句谓语“见证了”，可以用一般现在时或者现在完成时，译为“is a witness of/has witnessed”，宾语村庄的日新月异，译为“the constant changes of this village”，故翻译为The winding stream that keeps the villagers company, who have lived there for generations, is a witness of/has witnessed the constant changes of this village. 5．（2021·上海·高考真题）这位先驱者的故居是间不起眼的木屋，现正修复中，游客有望在六月底一睹其真容。 【答案】The former residence of the pioneer is a humble wooden house, which is now under restoration, and visitors are likely to see its real look at the end of June. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。表示“这位先驱者的故居”用the former residence of the pioneer，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“是”用be，本句陈述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。表示“一间不起眼的木屋”用a humble wooden house，作表语。表示“现正修复中，游客有望在六月底一睹其真容”用非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a humble wooden house，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，用which引导；表示“现正修复中”用be under restoration，be动词用is。用and连接两个句子，表示“游客”用visitor的复数，在句中作主语；表示“有可能做某事”用be likely to，主语为复数，be动词用are；表示“一睹其真容”用see its real look，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形；表示“在六月底”用at the end of June，作时间状语。故翻译为The former residence of the pioneer is a humble wooden house, which is now under restoration, and visitors are likely to see its real look at the end of June. 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $