Unit 6 Section Ⅳ Writing safety guidelines-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册教用课件(外研版)

该高中英语课件围绕灾害安全指南写作展开，以飓风安全指南为范例，通过“品课文-析手法-背佳句”的步骤，引导学生掌握指南的结构（目的、前后注意事项）和语言特点（祈使句、目的状语从句等），构建从文本输入到写作方法提炼再到语言积累的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质和学习能力的培养，如“演练佳作”环节通过火灾逃生指南写作任务，从审题谋篇到句间衔接分步指导，提升语言表达能力。“词汇·续写”部分结合必修教材词汇设计翻译和连句成篇练习，强化学习策略。教学方法注重范例分析与实践结合，学生能系统掌握写作技巧和词汇运用，教师可依托结构化内容提高教学效率。

Section Ⅳ　 Writing safety guidelines 目 录 2 演练佳作·写美文 1 细品课文·学手法 3 教材词汇·练续写 4 课时检测·提能力 细品课文·学手法 培养思维品质 1 目录 Step 1　品教材课文 　　Hurricane Safety Guidelines 　　Many people have no idea what to do when a disaster strikes.Being prepared is the best way to increase your chances of survival.Read these tips on hurricane safety so that you and your family can survive this common threat to coastal cities. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　·Protect your property： close windows and tape them up， and bring indoors anything that could blow away. 　　·Make sure you have sufficient food， water， medicine and batteries for electrical appliances. 　　·If you cannot get home in time， find other shelter as soon as you can. 　　Things to do during a hurricane 　　·Stay in the shelter. 　　·Stay away from windows. 　　·Listen to weather warnings. 　　Things to do before a hurricane 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Things not to do during a hurricane 　　·Do not go outside. 　　·Do not go near any glass structures. ·Do not assume the storm has passed even if the wind stops.Dangerous winds may return. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Step 2　析写作手法 学语言： 1. 使用“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，使表达简洁、明快。 2. 使用so that引导目的状语从句，自然而然地引出此安全指南的 目的。 3. 全文基本上全部使用祈使句，表示劝告和警告，非常符合安全指南 的语言特点。 4. 使用条件状语从句对行为进行了适当、合理的假设，然后主句给出 了合理的建议，表达非常诚恳。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 1. The purpose of the hurricane safety guidelines. 2. Things to do before a hurricane. 3. Things to do during a hurricane. 4. Things not to do during a hurricane. 学结构： 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Step 3　背出彩佳句 1. Organise personnel protection. 组织人员防护。 2. Move to a safe place. 转移到安全地带。 3. Avoid walking on banks and bridges. 避免在岸边和桥上行走。 4. Watch yourself when walking in water. 在积水中行走要小心观察。 5. Get off the high hill.从高山上下来。 6. Don’t climb the trees when there is lightning. 闪电时不要爬树。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 7. Cover your mouth and nose with wet clothes or towels. 用湿布或毛巾捂住口鼻。 8. Hold your head quickly.迅速抱住头部。 9. Send the poisoned or burned person to hospital for treatment. 将中毒或烧伤人员送往医院救治。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 10. When opening a room door， touch the door with the back of your hand first to see whether it is hot. 开房间门时，先用手背接触房门，看是否发热。 11. When you can’t escape， don’t hide in the attic or closet.当你无 路可逃时，不要藏在顶楼或者壁橱里。 12. Learn more self-rescue common sense in advance. 提前学习更多的自救常识。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 演练佳作·写美文 奠定写作功底 2 目录 　　假定你是某国际中学的学生李华，最近你们学校正在开展“提高 灾害预防能力，构建生命安全线”的安全教育活动。请你用英语写一 份关于在火灾中逃生的安全指南，内容包括： 　　1. 火灾的危害； 　　2. 逃生方法。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 一、审题谋篇，结构分明 明确体裁 说明文——安全指南 确定时态、 人称 一般现在时；第一、二人称 布局文章 结构 第一段：火灾的危害； 第二段：逃生方法； 第三段：总结 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 二、要点陈述，语言规范 1. 每年，成百上千的人在火灾中丧生，所以非常有必要知道一些从火 灾中幸存的建议。 Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire. 2. 下面的建议可能对你有帮助。 The following tips may be helpful to you. 3. 你应该保持冷静。 You should keep calm. Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire. The following tips may be helpful to you. You should keep calm. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 4. 你能在危险的情况下作出明智的决定。 You can make wise decisions in dangerous situations. 5. 用湿毛巾或湿布捂住口鼻，否则你可能会呼吸困难。 Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing. 6. 当你离开现场时，你应该下蹲你的身体，沿着墙壁向出口移动。 While you are getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits. 7. 跑下楼，不要乘电梯。 Run downstairs instead of taking a lift. You can make wise decisions in dangerous situations. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing. While you are getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits. Run downstairs instead of taking a lift. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 8. 当你找不到任何出路时，去厕所，把它的门、窗户和所有易燃物都 弄湿。 When you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily. 9. 同时，尽力与外面的人取得联系，寻求帮助。 And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help. When you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily. And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 10. 虽然火灾是可怕的，只要我们保持冷静并采取有效行动，我们就 能大大提高幸存的可能性。 Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action. Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 三、句间衔接，过渡自然 1. 用so that连接要点3和要点4。 You should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations. 2. 用省略句改写要点6。 While getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits. You should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations. While getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 四、检查誊写，卷面整洁 　　 　Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.The following tips may be helpful to you.　 　　 　Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.The following tips may be helpful to you.　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　 　Firstly， you should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.Secondly， cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.Thirdly， while getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.Last but not least， when you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.　 　　 　Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.　 　　 　Firstly， you should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.Secondly， cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.Thirdly， while getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.Last but not least， when you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.　 　　 　Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 教材词汇·练续写 体现学以致用 3 目录 动作描写 immediately adv.即刻，马上 forecast v.预测，预报 grab v.攫取，抓住 rescue v.营救，解救 threaten v.威胁到，危及 人物描写 reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 心理描写 otherwise adv.否则，要不然 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 一、翻译句子 1. Ada心情很沉重，Ada知道她必须即刻营救Roy。 With a heavy heart，Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately. 2. 她把衬衫包在Roy的腿上，并用一根长棍把他的腿伸直。 She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick. 3. Roy痛得大叫，一把抓住了Ada的手臂。 Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm. With a heavy heart，Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately. She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick. Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 4. “我知道很痛，”Ada轻声说。“但这会让腿稳定住，直到你被直 升机救出。” “I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” 5. 当他们安全到达医院时，Roy说：“幸亏你在紧急情况下保持了冷 静。否则我会受到更严重的伤。你是多么值得信赖的朋友啊！” When they arrived at the hospital safely，Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！” “I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” When they arrived at the hospital safely，Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 二、连句成篇 　　 　With a heavy heart， Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” When they arrived at the hospital safely， Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”　 　　 　With a heavy heart， Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” When they arrived at the hospital safely， Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 课时检测·提能力 培育学科素养 4 目录 Ⅰ.阅读理解 　　Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami， adding weight to the idea that they have a “sixth sense” of disasters， experts said on Thursday. 　　Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the waves that killed over 24， 000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast seemingly missed wildlife， with no dead animals found. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　“No elephants are dead， not even a dead hare or rabbit.I think animals can sense the disaster.They have a ‘sixth sense’.They know when things are happening，” H. D. Ratnayake， director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department， said on Wednesday. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km inland at Yala National Park in the southeast， Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants.“There has been a lot of evidence of dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.But it has not been proved，” said Matthew van Lierop， an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.“There have been no specific studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or a field setting.” Other authorities agreed with this opinion. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　“Wildlife seems to be able to pick up certain signs， especially birds.There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters，” said Clive Walker， who has written several books on African wildlife. 　　Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators （掠食动物）.The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence of Sri Lanka’s damaged coast is likely to add to. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物似乎有一种 “第六感”可以提前感知自然灾害，从而使自己免受伤害。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物似乎有一种 “第六感”可以提前感知自然灾害，从而使自己免受伤害。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 1. What happened after the Indian Ocean tsunami？（　　） A. Many people died but wild animals survived. B. The “six sense” of wild animals developed. C. Wild animals were killed or went missing. D. The coast was found in good condition. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，此次海啸中有很多 人丧生，然而野生动物却幸免于难。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “detecting” in Paragraph 5？（　　） A. Taking up. B. Putting up. C. Picking up. D. Bringing up. 解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句可知，鸟类尤其能捕捉 到某些信号，所以有很多关于鸟类识别出即将发生灾难的报道。由 此推知，此处detecting的意思与上句的pick up意思相近。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 3. What is the text mainly about？（　　） A. It seems that animals can save themselves from natural disasters. B. The different opinions about animals’ natural power. C. How to protect wildlife when disasters happen. D. The serious damage of the Indian Ocean tsunami. 解析： 　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文在围绕“动物逃脱了 海啸，它们似乎有第六感，可以提前感知灾害”展开，所以文章主 要介绍了动物似乎可以从自然灾害中拯救自己。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 4. In which section of a newspaper can we read this text？（　　） A. Travel. B. Custom. C. Culture. D. Discovery. 解析： 　推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，文章主要介绍 了印度洋海啸造成上万人丧生，而动物却能幸免，人们认为这得益 于动物的“第六感”，这属于科学发现。由此推知，本文可能出现 在报纸的“发现”版。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Ⅱ.完形填空 　　Typhoons and hurricanes are the same weather phenomenon： tropical cyclones （热带气旋）. 　　However， they go by different names  　5　 where they occur. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Typhoons develop in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean.They most  　6　 occur from late June to December.When winds blow into warm sea water， a lot of warm air  　7　 rapidly， while colder air moves in below.This creates air  　8　 causing the winds to move very quickly.The more warm air there is， the more  　9　 the winds.When the winds move faster than 119 kilometers per hour， a typhoon is formed.If a typhoon  　10　 241 kilometers per hour， then it becomes a super typhoon. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　The  　11　 of a typhoon is called the “eye”.This is right in the middle of a typhoon and is  　12　.In the “eye”， the wind does not move so fast.Around the “eye” is the wall of clouds.This is where the  　13　 winds and hardest rains are found.The rain bands （雨带） are the outer part of a typhoon that spins （旋转） with it. 　　Typhoons do bring water to people， but they also can be very  　14　.They  　15　 houses and cars， and even kill people.For example， tropical storm Megi hit the Philippines in April.More than 220 people died from  　16　 and flooding caused by the typhoon. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　China is  　17　 one of the countries most affected by typhoons.The  　18　 time for typhoons landing is from July to September. 　19　， China’s coastal residents face 10 typhoon landings each year. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了台风的形成以及造成的 危害。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了台风的形成以及造成的 危害。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 5. A. contributing to B. depending on C. compared to D. belonging to 解析： 　根据常识可知，台风和飓风的名字应该是取决于它们发 生的地方。 6. A. definitely B. extraordinarily C. commonly D. entirely 解析： 根据下文occur from late June to December可知，台风发 生的时间并不固定，只能推断出通常台风会发生在这几个月。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 7. A. rises B. disappears C. exits D. erupts 解析： 　while意为“然而”，表示前后对比，冷空气向下移动， 就说明大量温暖潮湿的空气应该是上升的。 8. A. crisis B. reaction C. strength D. pressure 解析： 　根据常识，冷暖空气的运动产生气压，而气压导致风快 速移动。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 9. A. frightening B. efficient C. powerful D. dramatic 解析： 　温暖的空气越多，压力就越大，同时风力也会增强。 10. A. flashes B. lowers C. supplies D. hits 解析： 　如果台风的速度达到每小时241千米，就会成为超级台 风。hit意为“达到”。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 11. A. edge B. center C. base D. content 解析： 　根据下文This is right in the middle of a typhoon可知，这 是台风的中心，换句话说，台风的中心就是“台风眼”。 12. A. striking B. calm C. obvious D. amazing 解析： 　根据下句可知，在“台风眼”里，风的移动没有那么 快，说明台风中心是平静的。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 13. A. strongest B. largest C. coolest D. lightest 解析： 　根据下文and hardest rains are found可知，云墙是雨最 大的地方，同时也是风力最强的地方。 14. A. wide-ranging B. remarkable C. realistic D. destructive 解析： 　根据下文They  　15　 houses and cars， and even kill people.可知，台风可以吹走房屋和汽车，甚至可以杀人，说明它 是有破坏性的。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 15. A. break into B. stir up C. fall apart D. blow away 解析： 　台风风速快就会产生很大的风力，推断出它们会吹走 房屋和汽车。 16. A. eruptions B. landslides C. sandstorm D. lightning 解析：B　根据常识可知，台风产生的次生灾害有山体滑坡和 洪水。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 17. A. also B. still C. eventually D. thus 解析： 　上文举了菲律宾的例子，此处意为“中国也是受台风 影响严重的国家之一”。 18. A. peak B. suitable C. limited D. particular 解析： 　根据语境可知，此处指台风发生的高峰期。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 19. A. In turn B. At large C. On average D. Above all 解析： 　根据each year可知，因为每年台风发生的次数没有准确 数量，这里谈到的十次台风应该是一个平均数。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Ⅲ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构 成一篇完整的短文。 　　For my family， a vacation in Penang is a yearly event.My mother and father were raised in Penang， so they loved Penang cuisine.Each December， we’d go to the island and take a three-day tour of their favorite places for meals. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　This year we began the trip to the north on a Friday morning.It took us six hours to arrive at our destination.We always stayed at a hotel in Batu Ferringhi.The beach was only a few steps away from the hotel， and our rooms had a beautiful ocean view.We spent our first night playing on the beach.Then， we went back to the hotel rooms and started playing games.My parents had a rule for our holidays that we should spend time doing something together.There was to be no television and no Internet. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　We reached Bukit Bendera the following day， and then wandered around the town for the rest of the afternoon， visiting our favorite shops.We were drinking tea in a cafe when we heard someone discussing an earthquake off Sumatra， an Indonesian island.After we returned to our hotel， we left for the beach.We went for a stroll on the beach， collecting shells along the way.When I looked up， I could see that the sunlight was more brilliant than I had imagined.Far away， I could see a big tree shaking under the sunlight.We didn’t think anything terrible was going to happen.All of a sudden， 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） I realized something strange.It was as if the sea was moving away from the coast.I called my dad to check on this strange event.My dad took a look and his face went pale.In the distance we could see a gray line approaching the coast.It seemed to grow taller by the second. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　We waited a long time before going downstairs. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 参考范文： 　　My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel.He held my arm and dragged me along.As we got to the gate of the hotel， we heard a noise coming from behind.My father urged us to hide upstairs.We were in a state of terror， and as we got to the second level， we could hear the roar of running water and the shattering of glass.My dad was screaming at us to go up.On the fourth level we paused， staring at the water beneath.It stopped growing.A few minutes later， it started to fall. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　We waited a long time before going downstairs.As soon as the running water stopped， we could see the unrecognizable gate of the hotel.The hotel was filled with mud and shattered furniture.There were also some people who fell into the water and fainted or cried out in pain.What we saw weakened our hearts， so we decided to assist the victims after a narrow escape.Never had I had such a thrilling but dangerous vacation before.The special visit to Penang left a deep impression on me. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） $