Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册教用课件(外研版)

该高中英语课件围绕“攀登珠峰是否值得冒险”主题语篇，系统涵盖从句语法（定语从句、主语从句等）、核心词汇（如crowd、bring...into focus）及语篇分析（冒险动机、科学解释），通过“篇章助解”引导课前预习，以登山者案例为支架衔接语言知识与语篇理解，构建完整学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，如语法讲解结合语篇实例解析从句功能，词汇模块从教材原句延伸至练透写美提升表达，语篇题引导分析作者意图锻炼推断能力。学生能综合提升语言技能与思维，教师可直接使用系统资源高效教学。

Section Ⅰ　 Starting out & Understanding ideas 1 篇章助解·释疑难 目 录 2 文本透析·剖语篇 4 课时检测·提能力 3 核心知识·巧突破 篇章助解·释疑难 力推课前预习 1 目录 CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 　　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on①an experience [1]that they knew would include crowds②， discomfort③and danger.Many [2]would become sick， due to④the extreme cold and low air pressure， and a few would even lose their lives⑤.Yet， despite⑥ all this， by the end of⑦ the trip many were already planning to return.For these people，[3]climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， [4]making some feel weak and [5]others， powerful. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　[1]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。 　　[2]would do ...表示过去将来时；become sick意为“生病”， become是系动词，形容词sick作表语。 　　[3]climbing Qomolangma是动词-ing短语作主语。 　　[4]making some feel weak ...是动词-ing短语作定语修饰前面的 experience； make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”。 　　[5]others， powerful是省略成分，原句应该为making others powerful。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【读文清障】 ①spend money on在……上花钱 ②crowd n.人群 ③discomfort n.不舒服；不安 ④due to 由于 ⑤lose one’s life失去某人的生命 ⑥despite prep.尽管，不管 ⑦by the end of到……的结尾 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of⑧ climbing Qomolangma，“[6]What we get from this adventure is just sheer⑨ joy ... We do not live [7]to eat and make money.We eat and make money⑩ to be able to enjoy⑪ life.That is [8]what life means and what life is for.” Sadly， Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924， [9]although his body would not be found until many years later.[10]It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching⑫ the top of Qomolangma before it took his life⑬. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　[6]What引导主语从句，并在从句中作get的宾语。 　　[7]to eat and make money是并列状语，make前面省略了 to。 　　[8]what life means and what life is for中两个what都引导表 语从句。 　　[9]although引导让步状语从句，通常不和and， but， so连 用。 　　[10]该句中It是形式主语，if从句是真正的主语。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） ⑧write of 写到；文章中提及 ⑨sheer adj.纯粹的，十足的 ⑩make money 赚钱 ⑪be able to do sth有能力做某事 ⑫succeed in doing sth成功做某事 ⑬take one’s life夺走某人的生命 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　In 2011，words similar to⑭ [11]those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette， [12]who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world⑮.“It brings into focus⑯ [13]what’s important to you.” He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around⑰ and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on⑱ the one reason [14]that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out⑲ if you really have the physical， as well as ⑳ mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　[11]those是代词，指代前面提到的words。 　　[12]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Alan Arnette，补充 说明这个人的情况。 　　[13]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。 　　[14]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且不可省略。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） ⑭（be） similar to与……相似 ⑮around the world全世界 ⑯bring ... into focus使……成为焦点 ⑰turn around 转身 ⑱focus on 集中精力于 ⑲figure out 弄明白，搞清楚 ⑳as well as 和 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　[15]With the majority of attempts㉑ to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or㉒ failure㉓， is there also a scientific㉔ reason behind this risk-taking？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to㉕ take risks㉖ than others.Psychologist㉗ Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars， as well as those who climb Qomolangma.He refers to the personalities of these people as㉘ “Type T”， with the “T” standing for㉙ “thrill㉚”. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities， Farley said， “They’ll say， ‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.” 　　Research also [16]suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to㉛ how much we expect to benefit from㉜ the result. 　　With this in mind， are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks？ It’s totally up to㉝ you. 　　[15]with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，宾语是the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma，宾语补足语是resulting either in total success or failure。 　　[16]suggest此处意思是“表明”， that引导宾语从句。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） ㉑attempt n.努力，尝试 ㉒either ...or ...要么……要么…… ㉓failure n.失败 ㉔scientific adj.科学上的，与科学有关的 ㉕（be） more likely to更有可能去…… be likely to do sth有可能做某事 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） ㉖take risks冒险 ㉗psychologist n.心理学家 ㉘refer to ... as ...把……称为…… ㉙stand for 代表 ㉚thrill n.惊险，刺激 ㉛be connected to 与……相关 ㉜benefit from从……中获益 ㉝be up to由……决定 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【参考译文】 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？ 　　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人 愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至 有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计 划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的 体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从 这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣 钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目 标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年 后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一 年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让 你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你 回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重 要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身 体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险 行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类 天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰 克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的 人。他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。 　　在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会 说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也 不认为自己会死。” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处 有关。 　　了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？ 答案完全取决于你自己。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 文本透析·剖语篇 助力语篇理解 2 目录 第一步：析架构理清脉络 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 1. What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 1？（　　） A. The great difficulty in climbing Qomolangma. B. Two different kinds of Qomolangma climbers. C. People’s strong desire to climb Qomolangma. D. The great risks of climbing Qomolangma. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 2. What can be inferred from George Mallory’s words in Paragraph 2？ （　　） A. People care much about eating and making money. B. It’s hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma. C. Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma. D. Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining the pleasure of life. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 3. What did British mountain climber George Mallory think of climbing Qomolangma？（　　） A. Make a living. B. Enjoy life. C. Earn money. D. Make an adventure. 4. Which of the following personalities belongs to “Type T”？ （　　） A. Adventurous. B. Outgoing. C. Honest. D. Intelligent. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 5. What can you infer from the last paragraph？（　　） A. Why people like to climb Qomolangma. B. It’s worth climbing Qomolangma. C. It depends on you whether to climb or not. D. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 6. Which is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　） A. To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared， as risks bring many benefits. B. To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to climb Qomolangma. C. To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma， as the risks outweigh the benefits. D. To tell people that there are many stories about the people climbing Qomolangma. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 第三步：品语言妙笔生辉 1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the climbers’ subjective motive for adventure. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） （2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.” （1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.That is what life means and what life is for. （1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.That is what life means and what life is for. （2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the scientific reasons for adventure. （1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others. （2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result. （1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others. （2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 3. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the “Type T” personalities. （1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”. （2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities， Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.” （1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”. （2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities， Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 第四步：拓思维品质提升 1. If you were given the chance， would you like to climb Qomolangma？Why or why not？ Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks. 2. Do you agree with Mallory’s and Arnette’s opinions？Why？ I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer nature. Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks. I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer nature. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 第五步：析难句表达升级 1. Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger. 句式分析 that引导 　定语　从句，修饰先行词experience， they knew是 　插入语　。 自主翻译  　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年 仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。　 定语　 插入语　 明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年 仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 2. For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， making some feel weak and others， powerful. 句式分析 climbing Qomolangma为动词-ing短语作 　主语　； making some feel weak and others， powerful为动词-ing短语作 　结 果状语　。 自主翻译  　对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的 体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。　 主语　 结 果状语　 对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的 体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 3. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop. 句式分析 to look deep inside yourself and figure out ...为动词不定式 短语作宾语you的 　补足语　；if引导 　宾语　从句；when引 导 　时间状语　从句。 自主翻译  　它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和 心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。　 补足语　 宾语　 时间状语　 它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和 心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 核心知识·巧突破 探究课堂重点 3 目录 Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释 crowd n.人群 vt.挤满，塞满；涌上心头 【教材原句】　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger. 明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意 为此花费大价钱。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【用法】 （1）a crowd of　　　　　　一群…… crowds of　　大量的，成群的 （2）crowd into　　挤入；涌入 crowd in on sb　　涌上心头；涌入脑海 be crowded with　　挤满了 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/into my mind. 我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。（友谊） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The conductor surrounded by a crowd  　of　 people was eager to make a good impression on them. ②The meeting room was crowded  　with　 people， some of whom were focusing on their mobile phones. of　 with　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　补全句子 ③With the memories  　crowding into　 her mind， she burst into tears. 回忆涌上心头，她突然哭了起来。 crowding into　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点 【教材原句】　It brings into focus what’s important to you.登山让你 聚焦于对你而言重要的事。 【用法】 （1）focus on/upon　　　 集中（注意力、精力等）于 focus/fix one’s attention on/upon sth 　　把注意力集中到…… （2）the focus of attention　关注的焦点 （3）keep/stay focused 保持专注/集中注意力 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　My newly-made short video became the focus of attention， making me an instant hit. 我新制作的短视频成了关注的焦点，使我一炮而红。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He has a strong desire to be admitted to a key university， and that’s why he focuses his attention  　on/upon　 his study day after day. ②The issue of plastic pollution  　was brought　 （bring） into focus by the documentary， prompting many to change their habits. on/upon　 was brought　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　补全句子 ③The lecture will  　focus on/upon　 the history and development of Chinese characters. 讲座的主题是汉字的历史和演变。（通知） focus on/upon　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） turn around 转身；（使企业、经济等）好转 【教材原句】　There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. 纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） turn ...into ... 把……变成…… turn up/down 　　开大，调大；出现/关小，调小；拒绝 turn on/off　　打开/关掉 turn over　　翻转；移交；仔细考虑 turn out　　制造，生产；结果是 It turns out that ... 结果是……；证明是…… 【用法】 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　The new headmaster has really turned the school around in the past year. 新任校长在过去的一年里确实使学校有了起色。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①What upset me was that my application for the job was turned  　down　. ②We had to turn  　around　 and find another path to the destination， which took us several hours to finish the trip. down　 around　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　补全句子 ③ 　It turns out that　 helping others realise their dreams makes me more pleasant. 事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。（主旨升华句） It turns out that　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） figure out 理解；弄明白；计算出 【教材原句】　It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的 身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【用法】 （1）figure on　期待；指望，依赖 figure sth in　　将某事物包括在内/计算在内 figure that ...　　认为……，认定…… （2）keep one’s figure　　保持（优美的）身材 have a good figure　　有一个好身材 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy.只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻 炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。（建议信） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I have figured  　in　 the cost of food and drink for our holiday. ②I can’t figure  　on　 him helping me with my homework because he is always busy. in　 on　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　补全句子 ③To help foreign students better  　figure out　 our tea culture， we took them to the tea room in our school. 为了帮助外国学生更好地了解我们的茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学 校的茶室。（活动介绍） figure out　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） attempt n.努力，尝试 v.努力，尝试，试图 【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？ 攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为 的背后是否也有科学解释呢？ 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【用法】 （1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做某事 at one’s/the first attempt　（某人）第一次尝试 in an/one’s attempt to do sth 为了做某事 （2）attempt to do sth　　企图做某事，尝试做某事 （3）attempted adj.　　未遂的 attempted robbery　　抢劫未遂 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　I attempted to pass the exam， but it was too difficult. 我试图通过考试，但实在太难了。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①John made an attempt  　to say　 （say） something to the professor， only to find the professor was surrounded by many students. ②Some experts call for a change of lifestyle in an attempt  　to solve　 （solve） the environmental problems. to say　 to solve　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　补全句子 ③If you fail  　at the first attempt　， there is no need to be upset about it. 如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要为此沮丧。（鼓励信） at the first attempt　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） result in导致，造成 【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？ 攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为 的背后是否也有科学解释呢？ 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【用法】 （1）result from　　 　由于；由……造成 （2）as a result　　因此，结果 as a result of　　作为……的结果；因为…… with the result that ...　结果是…… 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　At first， we all disagreed with him.As a result， he was right.Afterwards， we became good friends. 最初，我们都不赞成他的观点。结果，他是对的。后来，我们成了好 朋友。 【助记】　图解“因果” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【练透】　 对比填空（result in/result from） ①I sincerely hope what I have done will not  　result in　 any discomfort to you. ②As far as I’m concerned， her failure in the competition  　resulted from　 her attitude. result in　 resulted from　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　 同义句转换 ③The match was postponed to the next day because of bad weather. →The weather was bad. 　As a result　， the match was postponed to the next day. ④There was so much homework that we had to stay at home. →We had to stay at home  　as a result of　 so much homework. As a result　 as a result of　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物） 【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？ 攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为 的背后是否也有科学解释呢？ 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【用法】 （1）end in failure　　 以失败而告终 heart failure　　心脏衰竭 （2）fail v.　　失败；不及格；出故障 fail to do sth　　做某事失败；没能做成某事 fail in　　在某方面失败 （3）failed adj.　　失败的 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　As the old saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success.” 俗话说：“失败是成功之母。” 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He is in a state of deep depression on account of his  　failure　 （fail） to pass the examination. ②I’m sorry that I failed  　to go　 （go） out with you last weekend. failure　 to go　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【写美】　补全句子 ③ 　Words failed their mother　 when she wanted to express her thanks to the twins. 当他们的母亲想向双胞胎道谢时，她不知道说什么好。（情感描写） Words failed their mother　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） stand for 代表；支持；容忍，忍受 【教材原句】　He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”. 他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） （1）stand by　站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持 stand out　　显著；突出 stand up　　站立；站起来 stand up for　　维护，替……说话 （2）can’t stand sth/doing sth 不能忍受（做）某事 【用法】 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【佳句】　For instance， we can find that the festivals are full of red which stands for celebration， happiness， and long life. 举个例子，我们可以发现节日里充满了红色，红色代表着喜庆、幸福 和长寿。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【练透】　语境辨义 ①We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries.  　支持　 ②I can’t believe that you can stand for these naughty children.  　容忍，忍受　 【写美】　补全句子 ③Having been painted red， the building  　stands out　 against the rest and looks attractive. 因为被刷成了红色，这幢楼在楼群中很显眼，看起来很吸引人。 支持　 容忍，忍受　 stands out　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构 句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语 【教材原句】　Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas. 克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451－1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了 西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【用法】 （1）动词-ing短语作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动 词发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果，有时其前可加thus表示强 调。 （2）动词不定式短语作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加 only表示强调。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 【品悟】　This meaningful activity not only helps us relax ourselves but also makes us get close to nature， leaving us to experience the joy of labour. 这个有意义的活动不仅帮助我们放松自我，而且让我们亲近大自然， 让我们体验劳动的快乐。 【写美】　微写作 ①这个心理学家匆忙赶到办公室，却发现他的钥匙丢了。 The psychologist hurried to his office，  　only to find　 his keys missing. only to find　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） ②这首歌在全国被传唱，这使它成为学生中最受欢迎的一首歌。 The song is sung all over the country，  　making it the most popular one　 among students. making it the most popular one　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 课时检测·提能力 培育学科素养 4 目录 维度一：品句填词 1. As is known to all， China is still in the  　initial　 （最初的） stage of socialism. 2. The outdoor concert in his honour in the centre of Paris was a  　sheer　 （十足的） delight. 3. It is a great relief to see that people in the  　border　 （边界） areas are living in peace. initial　 sheer　 border　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 4. Water is a compound containing the elements hydrogen and  　oxygen　 （氧气）. 5. It has been  　confirmed　 （证实） that eating too much fat does harm to our health. 6. For the convenience of the users， the library is divided into different zones　. 7. Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd　 is not the same as being with friends. 8. He has broken the world record， thus　 winning his first gold medal. oxygen　 confirmed　 ones　 rowd　 hus　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 维度二：词形转换 1. Employed by the company she longed for， the girl was very  　thrilled　 （thrill）. 2. Jane’s birthday party turned out to be a  　failure　 （fail）， for few guests came to attend it. 3. The hotel will send you written  　confirmation　 （confirm） of your booking. 4. On National Day， the streets were  　crowded　 （crowd） with a large number of people. thrilled　 failure　 confirmation　 crowded　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1. I just wonder how you  　succeeded in persuading　 （成功说服） Peter to change his mind. 2. Once you  　figure out　 （弄清楚） what the teacher explained to us， you will have no difficulty doing your homework. 3. The couple spent  　good money　 （一大笔钱） decorating their new house in the hope that it would be comfortable to live in. 4. Research has shown that having a preference to junk food can  　result in　 （导致） obesity. succeeded in persuading　 figure out　 good money　 result in　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 5. Some people think that high school students  　benefit from　 （受益 于） physical activity， while others believe that it is a waste of time. 6. It rained heavily in the south，  　causing serious flooding　 （造成了 严重的水灾） in several provinces. 7. He  　attempted to persuade　 （试图说服） his father to allow him to do what he liked， but failed. benefit from　 causing serious flooding　 attempted to persuade　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 维度四：课文语法填空 　　Last year， hundreds of people spent a lot of money on climbing Qomolangma， even though they knew they would be challenged with different risks.For some people， climbing makes them feel 1. 　powerful　 （power）. powerful　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　George Mallory believed that we eat and make money 2. 　to enjoy　 （enjoy） life.Sadly， this climber lost his life in 1924 when he 3. 　was climbing　 （climb） Qomolangma.4. 　It　 is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top before it took his life.Alan Arnette， 5. 　who　 climbed Qomolangma in 2011， held the idea that climbing brought 6. 　into　 focus what was important to you in your life.He believed that there were a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.He added， “You have to focus on 7. 　the　 one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It depends on the physical and mental 8. 　toughness　 （tough） to push when you want to give up.” to enjoy　 was climbing　 It　 who　 into　 the　 toughness　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　With the majority of attempts 9. 　resulting　 （result） either in total success or failure， is there a scientific reason？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature.Besides， people enjoy climbing because they expect to benefit from the result. 　　Therefore， it’s 10. 　totally　 （total） up to you whether you will take the risk of climbing Qomolangma. resulting　 totally　 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber.He has climbed many high mountains in the world.Starting in 2015， he and his friends spent two years on an adventure in South America， covering 7，800 miles.He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn’t feel fulfilled.He asked himself， “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world？” 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Jerry learned that scientists need plants， rocks and water samples （样本） from the places far away to do research.But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach — only the bravest adventurers can make it.Jerry thought himself could do something to help.He then came up with an idea.He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.By studying the samples， scientists could know more about the Earth and find ways to protect it. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma.The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme （极端的） conditions. 　　For Jerry， this kind of adventure is most satisfying.“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way.Now， being the best climber isn’t important for me， what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains.There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运 动员Jerry的故事。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运 动员Jerry的故事。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 1. What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean？ （　　） A. Satisfied. B. Lonely. C. Patient. D. Worried. 解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Although Jerry had achieved great success以及后面Jerry说的话可知，虽然Jerry取得了 巨大的成功，但是他并没有感到满足。由此可知，画线单词意为 “满意的，满足的”。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 2. Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures？（　　） A. To make friends. B. To help scientists. C. To study plants. D. To train scientists. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.可知，Jerry组建顶级探险 队是为了帮助科学家。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 3. The adventures of Jerry and his friends had changed  　　　　. （　　） A. their hobbies B. their friendship C. their understanding of life D. their living conditions 解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段Jerry说的话可知，Jerry和朋 友们的冒险经历改变了他们对生活的理解。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 4. Which is the right order of the following events？ （　　） ①Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life on Mount Qomolangma. ②He and his friends spent two years on an adventure in South America. ③He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientist. ④He was even named Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography magazine. A. ①③④② B. ④①③② C. ②④①③ D. ②④③① 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句，第三段倒数第二句 以及第四段第一句可知，本题事件的顺序是②④③①。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） B 　　On 7 May 2022， a mountain climber from Nepal set a new world record for climbing Mount Everest the most times.Kami Rita， who’s 52， has now climbed Mount Everest 26 times. 　　Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain.The mountain is so high that the air is thin.This makes it hard to breathe and remain active.The ice and snow on the mountain， along with cold temperatures and strong winds， make the climb difficult and dangerous.Over 300 people have died trying to climb Mount Everest. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Many of the most talented guides， like Kami Rita and Tenzing Norgay， are from a group of people called Sherpas.The Sherpas live in the Himalayan mountains.They have the knowledge and the skills needed to help foreign climbers become successful in their efforts. 　　Kami Rita comes from a mountain climbing family.Kami Rita has been climbing mountains for over 35 years.He climbed Mount Everest for the first time in 1994.Since then， he has climbed the mountain almost every year. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　In 2019， Kami Rita broke his own record twice in less than a week.He climbed Mount Everest for the 23rd time on 15 May.Just six days later， he climbed it for the 24th time. 　　Though Kami Rita is an expert on Mount Everest， he’s also climbed many other high mountains in the Himalayas.He holds the world record for climbing the most mountains taller than 8，000 meters.In all， he’s climbed 38 mountains taller than 8，000 meters. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　It’s not clear how long Kami Rita will continue to set climbing records.He has said that he could probably continue to climb until he’s sixty.He once said he would retire after climbing Mount Everest 25 times. 　　Kami Rita says he and his family became guides because they didn’t have money for an education.But he doesn’t want his own children to become climbing guides.He is happy that they can go to school and won’t need to be exposed to the risks and dangers of mountain climbing. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山 者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经 成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山 者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经 成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 5. What is special about Kami Rita？（　　） A. He tried climbing Mount Everest earliest. B. He reached the top of Mount Everest first. C. He is the oldest challenger of Mount Everest. D. He conquered Mount Everest the most times. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Kami Rita创造了攀 登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰 26次。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 6. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　） A. The real height of Mount Everest. B. The natural conditions of Mount Everest. C. The difficulty of climbing Mount Everest. D. The popularity of climbing Mount Everest. 解析： 　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段简要介绍了珠 穆朗玛峰的一些情况，主要说明攀登珠穆朗玛峰是非常之难。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 7. What happened to Kami Rita in 2019？（　　） A. He climbed Mount Everest twice. B. He began to climb Mount Everest. C. He broke the world record for the first time. D. He climbed other mountains in the Himalayas. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，2019年5月，Kami Rita两次成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰并两次打破自己的世界纪录。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 8. What does Kami Rita expect his children to do？（　　） A. Climb Mount Everest. B. Get a good education. C. Become climbing guides. D. Challenge what’s impossible. 解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Kami Rita不希望 自己的孩子从事危险的登山行业，他最大的希望是让孩子接受良好 的教育。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） C 　　20 July 2009 was the 40th anniversary of Apollo 11’s historic flight to the moon， where astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first human beings to walk on the moon.40 years ago， space flight inspired such awe （敬畏） that astronauts were honoured as heroes and celebrities.40 years later none of us， besides space fanatics （狂热 者）， would likely to be able to name one astronaut in service today. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　I got to thinking about the importance of continuing space exploration.I hear many people criticize the importance of NASA and space flight， most saying that it is a waste of time， and more importantly money.I disagree with such assessments.Space exploration is important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond， but it is also important for the future of the earth and all of us living on it. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　The Apollo missions inspired a whole generation of kids who wanted to grow up to be astronauts， rocket scientists， and engineers.We all know that science education has been slightly lacking in the United States as of late.Don’t you think that NASA’s return to the moon， or more importantly the much anticipated manned mission to Mars will again inspire a whole new generation to reach for the stars so to speak？ I do. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　You would think that the guys who burn a million pounds of rocket fuel wouldn’t be the most environmentally minded people in the world.However， most people don’t know that NASA does a lot of good environmental research while they are up there looking down at all of us.NASA has done a lot of work in studying air quality， climate change alternative energy， and near earth objects， which as we all know from the movies can destroy the earth any day now without warning， unless we have a group of oil drillers， a nuke， and Bruce Willis. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　We cannot ignore the importance of space exploration， nor be complacent （自满的） in its meaning to all of us.I hope space exploration can continue to inspire， educate， and provide for us in the next 40 years as it has the last 40 years. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和 重要性。 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和 重要性。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 9. What can we learn from the text？（　　） A. Armstrong was the first man to fly in space in the world. B. Science education for American students is highly developed. C. The author considers space flight as a waste of money and time. D. People today won’t admire astronauts as much as they did 40 years ago. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，今天的人们不 如40年前的人们那样崇拜宇航员。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to？ （　　） A. Space exploration. B. NASA. C. Money. D. Humanity. 解析： 　代词指代题。根据画线词前的句子Space exploration is important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond可推 知，画线词it指代的是太空探索。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 11. How does NASA make a difference to the environment？（　　） A. By burning less rocket fuel. B. By finding greener energy. C. By changing climate. D. By making space movies. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，NASA在环境 保护方面也做了很多工作，比如研究替代能源。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 12. What’s the best title for the text？（　　） A. How to Be an Astronaut B. Where to Study Flight C. Why to Explore Space D. How to Do Space Research 解析： 　标题归纳题。通读文章并结合后四段内容可知，作者 着重介绍了继续太空探索的意义和重要性，即C项（为什么要进 行太空探索）为文章最佳标题。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　Just like every book， science fiction offers its readers a lot.13. （　　） Whatever your favourite genre （体裁） is， there’s no question that there are plenty of reasons to read sci-fi novels.Here are some of them. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　Warnings. 　　Sci-fi novels often show a world that depicts （描绘） our possible future.If we keep mistreating the environment， for example， we’ll live in a world with little or no natural resources.14.（　　） Most sci-fi novels have a strong message about the way we’re living. 　　Stretch imagination. 　　Sci-fi novels differ from other genres， because they contain new types of people， places， and inventions to keep things fresh.15. （　　） Having a vivid imagination can have more benefits than you realize.So why not pick up a book and start reading？ 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　What if. 　　It’s natural for humans to wonder what would happen if we had run society a different way in the past.These novels explore those ideas.16. （　　） People say that they want an alien invasion， but that’s not the truth.They just love reading about it and considering how the world would react if it did actually occur. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 　　For fun. 　　17. （　　） When you have free time， you don’t want to waste it.If you like reading sci-fi novels because they give you enjoyment， then you need no other reason to do so.Do whatever makes you happiest！ 　　If you’ve never read sci-fi novels before， you should give them a chance. A. This can help you to expand your imagination. B. There are plenty of sci-fi stories that aren’t just set in space. C. The main reason you should read anything is that you enjoy it. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） D. If we keep relying on technology， robots will take control over the world. E. It is not only entertaining， but it can also teach you something about the world. F. Some people admit they thought some sci-fi movies were based on actual events. G. They give us a brief idea of what life might have been like if we had acted in a certain way. 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几 个原因。 13. E　根据空前一句可知，和其他书一样，科幻小说的读者也受益 良多。E项（它不仅有趣，还能教你去认识世界）对此做出进一步说 明，符合语境。E项中的It指代空前的science fiction。 14. D　根据本段小标题Warnings.可知，本段介绍了科幻小说的 警示作用，D项（如果我们继续依赖科技，那么机器人就会掌控这 个世界）与小标题相呼应，符合语境，且D项与设空处前一句构成 并列关系。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几 个原因。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） 15. A　空前一句指出：科幻小说包含新的人物、地点和发明，给读 者带来新鲜感；空后一句指出：拥有生动的想象力的好处比你意识到 的要多，故A项（这有助于丰富你的想象力）符合语境。A项中的 imagination与小标题和空后一句中的imagination是原词复现。 16. G　根据空前两句可知，人类总会好奇，如果我们的社会以前是 以不同的方式运转的，那会发生什么事情呢？这就是科幻小说的内 容。G项承接上文，进一步做出说明，符合语境。G项中的They指代 空前一句中的These novels。 17. C　根据本段小标题For fun.可知，本段内容围绕乐趣展开，C项 （你应该阅读的主要理由是你很欣赏它）符合语境。C项中的enjoy it 与本段中的enjoyment和happiest相呼应。 目录 英语·必修第三册（WY） $