Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Words and Expressions 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 4 Adversity and Courage (words and expressions) adversity /ədˈvɜ:səti/ n.困境;逆境 meet with/encounter adversity 遇到逆境 近义词：dilemma n. 左右两难的窘境; 困境 in adversity 在困境/逆境中 =in a dilemma 处于窘境，进退两难 adverse adj.不利的，有害的，敌对的 adverse conditions 不利条件 adverse effect 不良反应 wage [weɪdʒ] n.工资 wage 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱； income 指收入、收益、所得； pay 指工资、薪水； salary 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金 high/good wages 高薪 low/small wages 低薪 offer/pay/raise a wage 提供/支付/上调工资 bitter [ˈbɪtə(r)] adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的 1.严寒的 a bitter wind It is bitter/freezing cold. 2.激烈的 a bitter battle/struggle 3.味苦的；辛酸的; 痛苦的 Good medicine is bitter in the mouth. a bitter taste bitter tears bitterly adv.痛苦地 bitterness n. 苦味，悲痛 良药苦口 辛酸的眼泪 一股寒风 天气寒冷刺骨。 苦味 激烈的战斗/挣扎 expedition [ˌekspəˈdɪʃn] n.探险;远征;探险队 join / take part in / send / lead an expedition 派遣、率领、参加一支探险队 expedite v. 加快；加速 endurance [ɪnˈdjʊərəns] n.忍耐力;耐久力 beyond endurance 忍无可忍 They were humiliated beyond endurance. 他们被羞辱到忍无可忍的地步。 endure v.忍耐；持续 endure doing sth 忍耐做某事 He can't endure being defeated. 他无法忍受失败。 enduring adj.持久的 endurable adj.可忍受的 unendurable adj.无法忍受的 vigour [ˈvɪɡə(r)] n.精力;力量;活力 be full of vigor/energy 充满活力 vigourous adj. 精力充沛的 =energetic =dynamic turn sb. down 拒绝(某人) 近：reject/refuse/decline turn down/up 降低/调高 turn over 翻过来；移交 If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep.你若翻个身，也许入睡容易些。 turn out 结果是……；生产，制造 The job turned out to be harder than we thought. 这工作结果比我们想象的要难。 turn in 上交；呈递 turn to sb./sth. 求助于某人，转向某物 turn on/off 打开/关闭 【补全语段/完成句子】 (1)On a cold morning, a lost dog _____________________________ (出现在我们家门口). I _________________________________________ (把它带到兽医那里检查). To my relief, it ______________________ (结果很健康). After several inquiries, we found its owner and handed it over to him. turned up at our doorstep turned it over to the vet for a check turned out to be healthy (2)如果你在学习中遇到困难，不要犹豫向老师求助。 If you ever feel stuck with your studies, don't hesitate to _________________________________．应用文写作之建议信 turn to your teacher(s) for help qualified [ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd] adj.符合资格;具备……的知识 be qualified for...　 可胜任…… She's extremely well qualified for the job. be qualified to do sth. 有资格做某事 I don't know much about it, so I don't feel qualified to comment. qualify vt. 符合资格 qualify sb. for/ to do 使某人有资格做 The test qualifies you to drive vehicles. qualification n.资格，资历 have (no) qualifications for/ to do... (没)有(做)……的资格;没有资格做… Those who don't study have no qualifications to play together. quality n.质量 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)If you complete this training program, it will qualify you _____ a promotion within the company. (2)Completing this certification course will make you ___________ (qualify) to work as a lifeguard. for qualified (3)如果你没有资格执行这项任务，你最好寻求更有经验的人的帮助。 →If you _________________________________, you'd better seek help from someone more experienced. (qualified) →If you _____________________________________, you'd better seek help from someone more experienced. (qualification)应用文写作之建议信 are not qualified to perform this task have no qualifications to perform this task enthusiastic [ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk] adj.热情的;热心的 be enthusiastic about (doing) sth. 热衷于(做)某事；对(做)某事充满热情 You don't sound very enthusiastic about the idea. 你好像对这个想法不太感兴趣。 be enthusiastic to do sth. 热衷于做某事 She is enthusiastic to take part in the volunteer activity. 她热切想要参加这次志愿者活动。 enthusiastically adv.热情地 enthusiasm n.热情 enthusiasm for (doing) sth. 对(做)某事热情 He had a real enthusiasm for the work.他的确热衷于这项工作。 with enthusiasm 热情地 enthusiast n.爱好者 passion n.激情,热情 passionate adj.狂热的 【单句语法填空/词汇升级】 (1)Since he is enthusiastic ________ exploring different cultures, he plans to travel to several countries next year. (2)As a music ________________ (enthusiastic), she spends most of her free time attending concerts and listening to new albums. (3)(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)“Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you！” they shouted enthusiastically. →“Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you！” they shouted ________________．读后续写之有效对话 about enthusiast with enthusiasm aboard /əˈbɔːd/ adv.&prep.上(船/飞机等) be aboard the plane/ship 在飞机/船上 go abroad 出国 at home and abroad 国内外 abroad adv. 到国外; 去国外; 在国外 broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 board n. 板子; 地板; 董事会 aboard=on board 在（船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等）上 cupboard /ˈkʌbəd/ n.橱柜;壁橱;衣柜 assign [əˈsaɪn] vt.分派;布置;分配 assign sb. sth. ＝ assign sth. to sb. 分配给某人某物 The teacher assigned the same task to every student. The teacher assigned every student the same task. 老师给每个学生布置的作业都相同。 assign sb. to sth. 指派某人(做)某一项工作 They've assigned their best man to the job.他们指派了最优秀的人担任这项工作。 assign sb. to do sth. 指派某人做某事 The teacher assigned Tom to organize the English evening party. assign sb. as + 职务. 指派某人担任某职务 assignment n.分配，任务；作业 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Some teachers don't give the kids any ______________ (assign); they express sympathy instead. (2)Our boss assigned me ________ (buy) all the motors that were produced in a Chinese corporation. assignments to buy (3)老师给每个学生分配了一个独特的项目，这帮助他们发展了各自的技能。 The teacher __________________________________________________ ___________________________________,which helped them develop their individual skills. assigned each student a unique project/assigned a unique project to each student steward /ˈstju:əd/ n.(轮船/飞机/火车)乘务员 stewardess [ˌstjuːəˈdes]: n.女乘务员; 女服务员 crew n.（集体名词）(轮船、飞机等上面的) 全体工作人员 flight attendant 空乘人员 envy [ˈenvi] n.&vt.羡慕;妒忌 envy sb. (doing) sth. 羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事 Many students envy her (winning) the first prize in the English competition. 很多学生羡慕她（赢得）英语竞赛一等奖。 out of envy　　　　 出于羡慕/妒忌 He learned English out of envy of his classmate’s amazing grades. 出于对同学出色成绩的羡慕，他开始学习英语。 with envy 羡慕地；妒忌地 envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的 be envious/jealous of 羡慕; 妒忌 Don’t be envious of others’ achievements; focus on your own progress. 不要羡慕别人的成就，专注于自己的进步。 enviously adj.羡慕地；嫉妒地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)She looked at her friend's new car ________ envy, wishing she could afford one like that. (2)I am envious ________ her ability to stay calm under pressure, as I tend to get anxious in similar situations. (3)他出于妒忌批评了朋友的新车，尽管他自己买不起。 He ____________________________________, even though he couldn't afford one himself. with of criticized his friend's new car out of envy crush [krʌʃ] vt.毁坏;压坏;压碎 n.拥挤的人群 crushing adj.毁坏性的 a crushing defeat 一次惨败 a crushing blow 一次沉重的打击 crushed adj.被压碎的；被压扁的 crushed empty can 压扁的空瓶子 crushed peanuts 花生碎 get/be crushed by 被……挤压 crash v./n. 坠毁; 猛撞; 碰撞; 撞击 have a crush on sb. (短暂的)迷恋某人/暗恋 She had a crush on you, you know. 你知道吧，她曾暗恋过你。 crowd n. 人群; 群众; 观众 v. 拥挤; 挤满; 塞满 sink [sɪŋk] vi.沉没;下沉;下降 vt.使下沉;使沉没 n.洗碗池 sink into 陷入, 沉入 The wheels started to sink into the mud.车轮渐渐陷进泥里。 be sunk in (thought) 陷入沉思中 She just sat there, sunk in thought. 她只一味地坐在那儿，陷入了沉思。 sb's heart sinks 某人心沉了下去（指心情沮丧） His heart sank when he saw the long queue in front of the ticket office. 看到售票处前排起的长队，他心沉了下去。 a sinking feeling 不详的感觉,沮丧之情 She gets a sinking feeling every time she has to make a speech in public. 每次要当众演讲的时候，她都会生出一种不详的感觉。 (sank/sunk -- sunk) abandon [əˈbændən] vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃 n. 放任；放纵 近：desert/give up abandon oneself to　　 沉溺/纵情于 Don’t abandon yourself to the Internet; you should focus on your studies. abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事 The scientist didn’t abandon doing research even when he faced countless failures. 这位科学家即使遭遇无数次失败，也没有放弃做研究。 with abandon 放纵地 The children laughed and ran with abandon on the grassland. abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的；废弃的 be abandoned to 沉溺于 She was abandoned to despair when she lost all her savings. abandonment n.离弃；遗弃 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel ______________ (abandon). (2)They abandoned ______________ (plan) the trip when they realized how expensive it would be. abandoned planning (3)他沉迷于网络游戏，难以集中精力学习。 →He _______________________________________________________ and he had difficulty concentrating on his studies. →__________________________________________, he had difficulty concentrating on his studies.(现在分词短语作状语) →__________________________, he had difficulty concentrating on his studies.(过去分词短语作状语) abandoned himself to/was abandoned to online games Abandoning himself to online games Abandoned to online games stove /stəʊv/ n.炉具;厨房灶具 stove [stəʊv] n.炉具;厨房灶具 blanket   /ˈblæŋkɪt/ n.毯子 carpet a blanket of fog/snow/cloud 厚厚的一层雾 / 雪 / 云 belongings [bɪˈlɒŋɪŋz] n. [pl.]财物;动产 personal belongings 个人财物 belong vi. 属于 belong to 属于（无被动） Lions and tigers belong to the cat family. 狮子和老虎属于猫科。 a sense of belonging 归属感 同类表达： savings 积蓄/ earnings 工资/leavings 剩饭/surroundings 环境/remains 剩余物,残留物,遗迹,遗体 注：belong to 既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。其中to为介词，后面可跟名词或者代词作宾语，做后置定语时形式为belonging to。 banjo /ˈbændʒəʊ/ n.班卓琴(乐器) miserable /ˈmɪzrəbl/ adj.痛苦的;令人难受的 miserably adv. 痛苦地; 悲惨地 misery n. 痛苦；悲惨 voyage /ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/ n.&vi.航海;航行 navy /ˈneɪvi/ n.海军;海军部队 join the navy 参加海军 navy blue 海军蓝；深蓝色 decent /ˈdi:snt/ adj.相当不错的;正派的；得体的 decent food / meal decent job / salary / place decent citizens/people That dress isn't decent. 不错的 体面的；像样的 正派的或守规矩 雅观的 indecent adj.下流的；有伤风化的; 过分暴露的；不合时宜的 decency n. 正派；得体；彬彬有礼 cosy /'kəʊzɪ/ adj.温馨的;舒适的 cosily adv.舒适地（cozily） cosiness n.舒适；安逸 （coziness） selfishly adv.自私地;任性地 selfishness n.自私 selfless adj. 无私的 selflessly adv. 无私地 selflessness n.无私 selfish /ˈselfɪʃ/ adj.自私的 good-tempered    /gʊd 'tempəd/ adj.脾气好的 bad-tempered /bæd 'tempəd/ adj.脾气坏的 genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的 a genuine person 诚实可信的人 genuine concern for others 对他人真诚的关心 genuinely adv. 真诚地 近：sincerely/honestly genuineness n. 真诚；真实 perseverance [ˌpɜːsɪˈvɪərəns] n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神 show great perseverance in the face of adversities 面对逆境表现出极大毅力 with perseverance 坚持不懈地 persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求 persevere in (doing) sth. 坚持不懈做某事 persevere with sb/sth. 坚持；孜孜以求 She persevered with her violin lessons. 她孜孜不倦地学习小提琴。 perseverant adj.锲而不舍的 resolution [ˌrezəˈluːʃn] n.决议;解决;坚定 a satisfactory resolution to the problem 令人满意的解决方案 make a resolution to do sth. 决定做某事 She made a resolution to lose her weight. 她决定要减肥。 resolve vi. &vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) n.决心;坚定的信念 resolve a problem/an issue/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/冲突/危机 strengthen one’s resolve 坚定决心 resolve to do sth. 决心做某事 =resolve on (doing) sth 决定做某事 He resolved not to tell her the truth.= He resolved on not telling her the truth. 他决定不告诉她真相。 resolute adj.坚决的;果断的 resolved adj.有决心的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)They resolved ______ buying a new house after their old one was damaged by a storm. (2)(2025·北京卷)Contrary to popular doubt, ____________ (resolve) made on 1 January are more effective for this reason. (3)我已经决定把这项最具有挑战性的任务分配给汤姆——一个既勤奋又热情的人。 I _________________________________________________________—a hard-working and enthusiastic man. on resolutions have made a resolution to assign the most challenging task to Tom crew /kru:/ n.(轮船/飞机)全体工作人员 cruel /kru:əl/ adj.残酷的;残忍的;冷酷的 cruelty n.残忍，残酷，不公 cruelly adv.残酷地 be cruel to sb. 对某人残酷 I can't stand people who are cruel to animals. 我无法容忍虐待动物的人。 thorough /ˈθʌrə/ adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的 thoroughly adv.彻底地; 完全地 thoroughness n.彻底性；完全 furniture /ˈfɜ:nɪtʃə(r)/ n.家具 a piece / an item of furniture 一件家具 a set of furniture 一套家具 furnish vt.为……配备家具；提供 furnished adj.配备家具的 be furnished/equipped with… 配备有…… fortunately [ˈfɔːtʃənətli] adv.幸运地 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 fortune n.运气，财富 make a fortune 发财，赚钱 He made his fortune in car sales. 他在汽车销售中发了财。 seek/try one's fortune 碰运气 misfortune n.不幸 fortunate adj. 幸运的 be fortunate to do... 有幸做…… He was extremely fortunate to survive. 她极为幸运地活了下来。 be fortunate in having... 有幸有…… unfortunate adj. 不幸的 【单句语法填空/句型转换】 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) ____________(fortunate), analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. (2)She made _____fortune as a best-selling author, but she continued writing because she loved it.读后续写之人物介绍 (3)Fortunately, I have such supportive friends who are always there for me when I need them. →________________________________________________ who are always there for me when I need them. Fortunately a I am fortunate to have/in having such supportive friends bark /bɑ:k/ vi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫声 rugby /ˈrʌgbi/ n.橄榄球运动 bat /bæt/ n.球拍;蝙蝠 v.用球板击球 damp /dæmp/ adj.潮湿的;湿气重的 dampness n.潮湿 dampen v.弄湿 recreation /ˌrekriˈeɪʃn/ n.娱乐;消遣;游戏 recreational adj.娱乐的；消遣的 近：amusement/entertainment guidance [ˈɡaɪdns] n.指导;引导;导航 under the guidance of sb. =under one’s guidance 在某人的指导下 Activities all take place under the guidance of an experienced tutor. 所有活动都在经验丰富的导师指导下进行。 guide vt. 指导，影响(某人的行为)；指导 n. 指南，手册，向导 guide sb. to sp. 引导/带领某人去某地 guide sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)The tour guide guided us ______ the ancient ruins, where we learned about the history of the civilization. (2)The school should make a rule to guide the students ________ (use) electronic devices in a proper way. (3)在他们教练的指导下，团队最终在比赛中取得了胜利。 →_______________________________________________________, the team gained a victory in the match at last.(guidance n．) →________________________, the team gained a victory in the match at last.(guide v．) to to use Under the guidance of their coach/their coach's guidance Guided by their coach nephew /ˈnefju:/ n.侄子;外甥 advertise  /ˈædvətaɪz/ vt.&vi.公布;宣传;做广告 advertise for...　　　　 登广告征求…… advertising n.广告活动;广告业 advertisement n.[C] 广告（ad） put an advertisement 刊登一则广告 advertiser n.广告商；广告人员 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)The nursing home is advertising _____________ a volunteer to help look after the patients. (2)(译林选必二U1)The history of _____________ (advertise) has always been closely linked with that of the mass media. for advertising (3)如果你正在寻找丢失的宠物，你最好在报纸上刊登一则广告。 If you are in search of your missing pet, ____________________________________________________． you'd better put an advertisement in the newspaper corporate /ˈkɔ:pərət/ adj.公司的;法人的;社团的 corporation n. 公司；法人；企业 rough ground 高低不平的地面 roughly adv. 大约; 粗暴地 roughness n.粗糙；凹凸不平 形近：tough [tʌf] adj. 艰难的/棘手的 rough /rʌf/ adj.汹涌的;粗糙的;粗略的 navigator /ˈnævɪgeɪtə(r)/ n.领航员;(飞机/船)航行者 navigate v.导航；确定（船、汽车等）的位置 navigation n.导航; 领航; 航行 loyal [ˈlɔɪəl] adj.忠诚的;忠实的 loyalty n.忠诚 disloyal adj. 不忠的 be loyal to 对...忠诚 They had remained loyal to the country. 他们一直忠于国家。 motor /ˈməʊtə(r)/ n.发动机;马达 adj.有引擎的 motor vehicles motorbike = motorcycle 摩托车 candidate /ˈkændɪdət/ n.候选人;应试者 make fire /meɪk ˈfaɪə(r)/ 生火 be on fire 着火了 The car was now on fire. 小轿车着火了。 catch fire 着火 set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 放火；放火烧某物 play with fire 玩火；冒险 put out a fire 灭火 Several children were playing with fire and accidentally set the curtains on fire. It took them a long time to put out the fire. 几个小朋友在玩火，不小心把窗帘烧了，花了好久才把火扑灭。 【补全语段/完成句子】 (1)The cupboard suddenly ________________________ (十分钟前着火). In other words, the cupboard _______________________________ (已经烧了十分钟了).After ____________________ (灭火), the firemen ____________________________________ (警告孩子们不要玩火). caught fire ten minutes ago has been on fire for ten minutes putting out the fire warned the children not to play with fire (2)有人放火烧了那堆树叶，但消防员及时赶到，避免了严重损失。 Someone ________________________________________________, but the firefighters arrived in time to prevent serious damage. set fire to the pile of leaves/set the pile of leaves on fire give off   /gɪv ɒf/ 放出(热/光/气味/气体) The flowers gave off a fragrant perfume.花儿散发出芳香。 give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交 Please give your work in before Monday. give in to sb.　　　　　向某人投降/屈服/让步 The authorities have shown no signs of giving in to the kidnappers' demands. give out 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽 After a month their food supplies gave out. The teacher gave out the exam papers. give up 放弃；认输 give away 泄露；赠送 He gave away most of his money to charity. His voice gave him away. give way to 被……代替；向……让步/妥协 He should give way to a younger, more decisive leader. 【补全语段/完成句子】 (1)With all their energy ____________ (耗尽), the cyclists seemed to ________________________ (屈服于这糟糕的局面)；however, when hearing the cheers from the audience along the street, nobody chose to ________________________ (放弃比赛). Therefore，they finally raised enough money and ____________________________________ (把它捐赠给了贫困儿童) in remote mountain areas. giving out give in to the bad situation give up the race gave it away to the poor children (2)当夜晚退去，迎来黎明，第一缕阳光照亮了沉睡的小镇，标志着新的一天开始了。 As ____________________________, the first rays of sunlight illuminated the sleepy town, signaling the start of a new day.读后续写之场景描写 the night gave way to dawn episode   /ˈepɪsəʊd/ n.(人生)一段经历;小说片段;插曲 Season 4 Episode 10: Dora Saves The Mermaids ... commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt] n.承诺;保证;奉献 make a commitment to... 对……作出承诺 She doesn't want to make a big emotional commitment to Steve at the moment. 她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上作出重大的承诺。 commit vt. 犯罪，承诺 commit a crime/suicide/murder 犯罪/自杀/谋杀 commit oneself to doing sth. 承诺；保证做某事 She committed herself to finishing the homework by Friday. 她承诺在周五前完成这份作业。 committed adj.忠诚的 be committed to doing sth. 致力于/全心全意地投入去做某事 She is committed to improving her English speaking skills. 她致力于提升自己的英语口语能力。 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)He is one of the most _____________ (commit) members of our community, always volunteering his time and resources to support local causes. committed (2)他们致力于保护环境，这导致他们参与了各种保护项目。 →They _______________________________________, leading them to participate in various conservation projects.(committed adj.) →They __________________________________________, leading them to participate in various conservation projects.(commit v．) →They ___________________________________________, leading them to participate in various conservation projects.(commitment n．) are committed to preserving the environment commit themselves to preserving the environment make a commitment to preserving the environment commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt] n.承诺;保证;奉献 写作同义异构：你还能想到哪些表示“专注于 / 致力于做某事”的表达？ be lost in devote oneself to focus on be occupied in be absorbed in devote … to be involved in be engaged in be dedicated to sth bury oneself in be employed in doing sth concentrate on motive /ˈməʊtɪv/ n.动机;原因;目的 motivate v. 使有动机；激发积极性；刺激 motivation n.动力，诱因；积极性 a motive for (doing) sth. 做某事的动机 Police have ruled out robbery as a motive for the killing.  警方已排除了抢劫是杀人的动机。 motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more efficiently. 这个计划旨在促使员工更加卓有成效地工作。 Confucianism /kənˈfju:ʃənizm/ n.孔子学说;儒家(学说) Confucius 1. bitter adj. 严寒的，激烈而不愉快的；味苦的→　　　　　 adv. 痛苦地;愤恨地;极其 2. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→__________ vt. 忍耐 3. qualified adj. 符合资格；具备…的知识→__________vt.使具有资格；证明…合格 vi.取得资格；有资格→ ____________ n. 资格；资历；学历 satisfy→satisfied 4. enthusiastic adj. 热情的，热心的→________________ adv. 热心地；狂热地→____________n. [U]热情;热爱的事物 with enthusiasm 热情地 5. assign vt.分派; 布置；分配→___________ n.分配的工作、任务 6. envy vt. 羡慕，妒忌 → __________adj. 羡慕的; 嫉妒的 7. belongings  n. 财物；财产→ __________ v. 属于 8. selfish adj. 自私的→ __________ adj.无私的 9. persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→ _____________ n .毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 qualify qualification enthusiastically enthusiasm bitterly endure assignment belong envious perseverance 10. resolve vt.&vi.决定；决心；解决→ ___________n. 决心；坚定的信念 11. cruel adj. 残忍的；残酷的→ _________ n. 残酷 12. thorough adj．深入的；彻底的；细致的→ ____________ adv．深入地；彻底地 13. fortune n. 机会;运气;财富→ __________adj. 幸运的→ __________adv. 幸运地→ ______________adv. 不幸地 14. guidance n. 指导；引导；导航→ __________ vt. 指导；引导 15. advertising n. 广告活动；广告业→ __________ v. 宣传；做广告 16. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→ _____________ n.忠诚；忠实 17. commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献 → _________vt. 承诺；保证→ ___________adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 18. motive n. 动机；原因；目的 → ____________ n.动机 resolution cruelty thoroughly fortunately fortunate unfortunately guide advertise loyalty commit motivation committed Thank You Lavf59.27.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $