Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Part Ⅱ Share your opinions about a moral story-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册教用Word(人教版)

本讲义围绕寓言故事“The Stone in the Road”展开，系统梳理故事理解、写作手法分析及语言应用。通过“品教材课文—析写作手法—背出彩佳句”的学习支架，引导学生掌握时间连接词、高级句式（如独立主格、neither...nor...）及核心词汇（如“in tears”“harm”），并配套练习题与写作任务，构建从输入到输出的完整学习链。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过情节排序、主旨推断题提升学生分析与推断能力，借助写作指导（从句子雏形到句式升级）强化表达逻辑。课中助力教师开展分层教学，课后核心词汇集释与句型解构帮助学生自主查漏补缺，有效提升英语综合应用能力。

Part Ⅱ　Share your opinions about a moral story 1.Which of the following is TRUE？（　　） A.The king wanted to play a joke on others. B.The group of women moved the stone together. C.The girl had great difficulty moving the stone. D.The milkman knew who put the stone there. 2.What can we infer from the fable？（　　） A.The king regretted what he had done. B.The girl and the king found the owner of the coins. C.The girl wasn’t surprised at the coins. D.The king achieved his goal at last. 3.What’s the right order of the fable？（　　） ①The king placed a stone in the street. ②A group of women passed it. ③A girl saw the stone and moved it away. ④A milkman crashed into the stone. A.①②③④　　B.①④②③ C.①②④③　　D.④①②③ 4.What do you think this fable mainly tells us？（　　） A.Where there is a will， there is a way. B.Everyone must shoulder his responsibility. C.Chance favors only the prepared mind. D.As you make your bed， you must lie on it. 答案：1－4　CDBB Step 1　品教材课文 THE STONE IN THE ROAD 　　Once upon a time there was a king who often thought， “Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.” One day， he had an idea. 　　Early one morning， the king disguised himself and went to a local village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched. 　　The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart.He crashed into the stone， spilling the milk everywhere.“What fool put this stone here？” he shouted.He picked himself up and angrily went away. 　　After a while， a group of women came along， each balancing a pot of water on her head.One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground.She picked herself up and limped away in tears.Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. 　　The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone， but he found nobody making an attempt to move it.The king was in despair.“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？” 　　Just then， the king saw a young girl coming along.She was the daughter of a local farmer.She had been working all day and was very tired.But when she saw the stone， she said to herself， “This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark.I’ll move it out of the way.” 　　The girl pushed the stone with all her might.After a great deal of effort， she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been！ 　　Just then， the king stepped out from behind the tree.“Oh sir，” the girl said， “does this gold belong to you？ If not， we surely must find the owner， for he will certainly miss it.” The king said， “My dear， the gold is mine.I put it in the road and moved the stone over it.Now the gold is yours， because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.” Step 2　析写作手法 学语言： 1.连接词： （1）第一段第一句中的Once upon a time 是常用的故事开头语，然后作者用One day开始叙述故事。 （2）第二至五段主要是按照时间顺序展开的，并运用了Early one morning， Then， After a while， all day等时间状语，使句子之间层次清晰、衔接紧密、语意连贯。 2.高级表达： （1）作者运用高频词汇complain， disguised， placed， hid 等词描写了国王的实际行动。 （2）作者运用She picked herself up and limped away in tears.描绘了一个女人被绊倒后的心理活动。 3.高级句式： （1）第一段中使用了高级句式：whose people only complain and expect ...为whose引导的定语从句。 （2）第三段第二句中的spilling the milk everywhere和第四段第一、二句中的each balancing a pot of water on her head和crashing to the ground等多处使用了动词-ing短语，使语言精辟简练，表达更加形象生动，故事情节波澜起伏。 （3）倒数第二段中的If not是条件状语从句的省略形式，既避免了重复又使语言更加精练，突显表达效果。 学结构： 【参考译文】 挡道的石头 　　从前有个国王，他经常思考：“如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，而且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。”有一天，他想到一个办法。 　　一天清晨，国王乔装打扮一番后，来到了当地的一座村庄。他把一块大石头放在了主路的中间，并且在石头下面藏了几枚金币。然后，他就躲在一棵大枫树后观察。 　　路上走来的第一个人是推着车子的送奶工。他撞在石头上，牛奶四处飞溅。“哪个傻瓜把石头放在这里了？”他大喊道。他从地上爬起来，气呼呼地走了。 　　过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。其中一个女人被石头绊倒，水罐也摔到地上。她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐地走了。无论是她自己，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。 　　国王观察了一整天，看到很多人都埋怨这块石头，却没人试着把它挪开。国王陷入了绝望。“难道整个村子都没有一个人觉得有责任让邻居免遭不测吗？” 　　就在那时，国王看到一位小姑娘迎面走来。小姑娘是当地一位农民的女儿。忙活了一天，她疲惫不堪。然而，当她看到那块石头，她自言自语道：“对于天黑以后走在这条路上的人来说，这块石头很危险，我得把它从这条路上挪开。” 　　女孩使出了全身力气去推石头。费了好大一番工夫，她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。想象一下，当她看到原先石头所在之处的金币时有多么惊讶！ 　　此时，国王从树后走了出来。“哦，先生，”女孩说道，“这些金币是您的吗？如果不是的话，我们得找到失主，他一定十分着急。” 　　国王答道：“亲爱的，金币是我的，是我把它放在了路上，然后把石头压在上面。现在，金币归你了，因为我想教给我的子民的道理，只有你一人学会了。” 　　 Step 3　背出彩佳句 一、引述材料常用句型 1.After reading the story， I understand that we teenagers should find and make good use of our advantages， stopping complaining about the shortcomings all the time. 读了这个故事之后，我明白了我们青少年应该发现和充分利用我们的优势，停止抱怨自己的缺点。 2.I was deeply impressed with the film’s theme which is about protecting the Earth. 那部主题为保护地球的电影给我留下了深刻印象。 二、分析材料常用句型 1.The fable tells us that one good turn deserves another. 这个寓言告诉我们：善有善报。 2.As a matter of fact： the fable mirrors that different attitudes may bring about different results. 事实上，这个寓言反映了不同的态度会带来不同的结果。 3.So we should stay positive and value what we have instead of complaining too much. 所以我们应该保持积极，珍惜我们所拥有的，而不是抱怨太多。 4.This story indicates that those not blindly listening to other’s criticism or praise are more likely to obtain what they are pursuing. 这个故事表明，那些不盲目听从别人批评或赞扬的人更有可能获得他们所追求的东西。 5.So whatever you encounter， accept it willingly and use it to the fullest. 所以无论你遇到什么，欣然接受并充分利用它。 三、总结全文常用句型 1.Whenever I have the ability to help others， I should always lend a hand. 每当我能帮助别人的时候，我应该总是伸出援助之手。 2.As an old saying goes， “Union means power.” 俗话说：“团结就是力量。” 3.I strongly hope you can see the film and it won’t let you down！ 我强烈希望你能看看这部电影，它不会让你失望！ 　　本单元的写作项目是阅读一篇关于道德品质的故事，然后写一篇有关该故事的评论。请你根据我们刚学的寓言故事“挡道的石头”写一篇评论。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、合理布局，精心谋篇 第一段：简要介绍这个寓言故事的内容； 第二段：分析这个寓言故事反映的哲理； 第三段：表达自己的感悟和看法。 二、遣词造句，规范得体 1.　The story is about a king who wanted to teach his people a lesson.　 这个故事讲的是一个国王想要给他的民众一个教训。 2.　The king hid some gold coins under a stone in the street.　 国王把一些金币藏在了大街上的一块石头下面。 3.　The purpose of the story is to tell us that we should not complain and expect others to solve them when we meet with problems.　 这个故事的目的是告诉我们：当遇到问题时，我们不应该抱怨和期待别人来解决它们。 4.　In fact， we should take action at once to deal with our problems in our daily lives.　 事实上，我们应该立即采取行动来处理我们日常生活中的问题。 5.　More importantly， we should learn from the selfless girl， who always cares for others in the story.But we shouldn’t learn from other selfish villagers.　 更重要的是，我们应该学习故事中总是关心他人的无私女孩，而不是学习其他自私的村民。 三、恰当衔接，自然过渡 6.用by doing ...合并句1和句2 　The story is about a king who wanted to teach his people a lesson by hiding some gold coins under a stone in the street.　 7.用when doing ...升级句3 　The purpose of the story is to tell us that we should not complain and expect others to solve them when meeting with problems.　 8.用主语从句升级句4 　In fact， what we should do is to take action at once to deal with our problems in our daily lives.　 9.用rather than升级句5 　More importantly， we should learn from the selfless girl who always cares for others in the story rather than other selfish villagers.　 四、认真誊写，赏心悦目 　　　The fable titled “The Stone in the Road” is a moral story.It is about a king who wanted to teach his people a lesson by hiding some gold coins under a stone in the street.　 　　　The purpose of the story is to tell us that we should not complain and expect others to solve them when meeting with problems.In fact， what we should do is to take action at once to deal with our problems in our daily lives.More importantly， we should learn from the selfless girl who always cares for others in the story rather than other selfish villagers.　 　　　I like the story very much and I think it is very meaningful and helpful to us.We should always keep in mind that one good turn deserves another.I will recommend this story to as many people as I can.　 核心词汇集释 in tears流着泪；含着泪 【教材原句】　She picked herself up and limped away in tears.她从地上爬起来，噙着泪一瘸一拐地走了。 【用法】 burst into tears　　　　　突然大哭起来 fight back tears　　忍住眼泪 tears of joy　　喜悦的泪水 hold back one’s tears　　强忍住眼泪 be moved to tears　　感动得流泪 be close to tears　　几乎要流泪 【佳句】　①Excited and moved， both of them were in tears. 既激动又感动，他们两个都泪流满面。 ②Linda suddenly burst into tears and ran out. 琳达突然大哭起来，跑了出去。 【写美】　完成句子 ①I was heartbroken to see 　tears streaming down Jane’s cheeks　. （读后续写之神态描写） 看到简泪流满面，我很伤心。 ②When sensing she was lost in the forest， she 　burst into tears　. 当意识到自己在森林里迷路了时，她突然大哭起来。 ③The moment they met， they hugged each other tightly and couldn’t 　fight back tears/hold back their tears　. 他们一相遇，就紧紧地拥抱着对方，泪水控制不住地流了下来。 harm n.& vt.伤害；损害 【教材原句】　Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？ 难道整个村子都没有一个人觉得自己有责任让邻居免遭不测吗？ 【用法】 （1）do sb/sth harm＝do harm to sb/sth对……有害 There is no harm in doing sth　　做某事无害 （2）harmful adj.　　　　　　　　有害的 be harmful to ...　　对……有害 （3）harmless adj.　　无害的 【佳句】　There is no harm in giving gifts to children， but they should not be rewards. 给孩子们礼物没有什么坏处，但礼品不应该是奖品。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①You must also try your best to protect your eyes from 　harmful　 （harm） things. 【写美】　一句多译 ②空气污染很严重，所以户外运动可能对我们的健康有害。 →The air pollution is very serious， so taking outdoor exercise may 　be harmful to our health　. →The air pollution is very serious， so taking outdoor exercise may 　do harm to our health　. a great deal （of）大量 【教材原句】　After a great deal of effort， she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. 费了好大一番功夫，她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。 【用法】 （1）a great deal意为“大量”，起名词作用，在句中可以作主语、宾语等。 （2）a great deal意为“非常；很”，在句中作状语，可修饰动词或形容词、副词比较级。 （3）a great deal of后跟不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 【佳句】　People suffered a great deal from the disaster， but they didn’t lose confidence in rebuilding their homes. 人们在这场灾难中遭受了巨大的痛苦，但他们并没有对重建家园失去信心。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①After taking some medicine， he felt a great deal 　better　 （good）. ②A great deal of work 　has been done　 （do） to improve people’s living standards in the past few years. 【写美】　完成句子 ③I know 　a great deal about many historical figures　 because I have a fancy for history. 我对许多历史人物都很了解，因为我对历史很感兴趣。 重点句型解构 句型公式：独立主格结构 【教材原句】　After a while， a group of women came along， each balancing a pot of water on her head. 过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。 【用法】 （1）句中each balancing a pot of water on her head是一个由代词each和动词-ing短语构成的结构，充当句子的状语，这种语法结构被称作“独立主格结构”。 （2）独立主格结构：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/doing/done/to do。 【品悟】　①I was deeply moved by what he had done，my eyes in tears. （情感描写） 我被他的所作所为深深地感动了，我热泪盈眶。 ②A little boy came into the classroom， his face red with cold.一个小男孩走进了教室，他的脸冻得通红。 【写美】　完成句子 ①The manager felt as if he were an ant on a hot pan， 　many things to settle　. 有许多事情要解决，经理觉得自己就像热锅上的蚂蚁。 ②She rested her head on her husband’s shoulder， a smile of happiness spreading across her face. 她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上，脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。 ③　 All the windows open　， our classroom is well-ventilated. 所有的窗户都开着，我们的教室通风良好。 句型公式：neither ...nor ...既不……也不…… 【教材原句】　Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. 无论是她自己，还是她的同伴，都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。 【用法】 （1）neither ...nor ...可连接两个并列的句子成分，连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。 （2）遵循“就近一致”原则的其他并列连词有： either ...or ...不是……就是…… not only ...but also ...不仅……而且…… not ...but ...不是……而是…… 【写美】　完成句子 ①I 　neither knew nor cared　 what had happened to him. 我既不知道也不关心他出了什么事。 ②It is 　not what you say but what you do　 that matters. 重要的不是你说什么，而是你做什么。 ③It is not you but she that 　is to blame　. 该受责备的不是你而是她。 情感描写 ①passive adj.被动的；顺从的 ②despair n.绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望 vt.渴望；期望 ③complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚 complaint n.抱怨；投诉 ④tension n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑 tense adj.紧张的，焦虑的 ⑤in tears 流着泪；含着泪 动作描写 ①faint vi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的 ②replace vt.接替；取代；更换 ③assist vt.帮助；援助 ④carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 ⑤tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于 ⑥trip over被……绊倒 第一步：完成句子雏形现 1.Susan had 　a car accident and fainted　. 苏珊遭遇车祸，昏迷了。 2.She was blind forever.She threw her into 　a world of anger， despair and complaint　. 她永远失明了，这使她陷入了愤怒、绝望、抱怨的世界中。 3.　All day long she frowned and was in tears　， feeling as if a knife were cutting her heart. 她整天愁眉苦脸，以泪洗面，心如刀割。 4.Her husband， Mark，　tended （to） her with great care　 and determined to assist her to regain strength and confidence and step out of such a passive dilemma. 她的丈夫马克细致入微地照顾她，决定帮助她重获力量和信心，走出如此被动的困境。 5.Gradually， Susan’s tension 　was replaced by confidence　. 苏珊的焦虑逐渐被信心代替了。 6.She whispered gently，“Mark， thank you.　It is you that carry me through　 the tough situation.” 她柔声低语道：“马克，谢谢你。正是你帮助我渡过了难关。” 第二步：句式升级造亮点 7.把句2合并升级为分词作状语 　She was blind forever， throwing her into a world of anger， despair and complaint.　 第三步：过渡衔接连成篇 　　　Susan had a car accident and fainted.She was blind forever， throwing her into a world of anger，despair and complaint.All day long she frowned and was in tears， feeling as if a knife were cutting her heart.Her husband， Mark， tended （to） her with great care and determined to assist her to regain strength and confidence and step out of such a passive dilemma.Gradually， Susan’s tension was replaced by confidence.She whispered gently，“Mark， thank you.It is you that carry me through the tough situation.”　 维度一：品句填词 1.The woman tripped over， 　spilling　 （洒） hot coffee everywhere. 2.It was a touching story that moved many of us to 　tears　 （泪水）. 3.The night before the test I was overcome by fear and 　despair　 （绝望）.But my mother encouraged me to face it bravely. 4.He pulled the boy out of the pool with all his 　might　 （力量）. 5.Every year there are many 　accidents　 （事故） caused by setting off firecrackers. 6.　Bitten　 （咬） by a snake in the bush， Susan was soon sent back to the hospital. 7.American students have a more flexible　 schedule to do part-time jobs. 8.Therefore　， I’d like to be your guide and show you around our city. 维度二：词形转换 1.The children stood in a row， each 　holding　 （hold） a bunch of flowers. 2.Such 　harmful　 （harm） things as plastics and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes. 3.Chinese subway trains are 　exported　 （export） to the developed countries including the United States. 4.After dressing up， he sat close to his friend， 　whispering　 （whisper） something to him. 5.It is with your 　 assistance　 （assist） that I will make full preparations for the meeting. 维度三：话题写作之寓言故事 1.　Once I was moved to tears　 by a fable titled “The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains”. 曾经我被一个名为“愚公移山”的寓言故事感动得流泪。 2.　Two mountains blocking their way　， Yu Gong and his families decided to move them away. 两座山挡住了他们的路，愚公和他的家人们决定移走它们。 3.Every day， he and his sons 　spent a great deal of time doing the work　. 每天，他和儿子们都花大量的时间做这项工作。 4.He said even though he 　passed away　， his descendants would continue the job. 他说，即使他去世了，他的子孙后代们也会继续下去。 5.I learn that we young generation 　are in need of his determination and perseverance　. 我明白了，我们年轻一代都需要他的那种决心和毅力。 维度四：课文语法填空 　　There once lived a king with the belief that 1.　a　 nation whose people only expect others to solve their problems wouldn’t have a bright future.Early one morning， the 2.　disguised　 （disguise） king went to a village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street 3.　and　 hid gold coins under the stone.After that， he hid behind a huge maple tree， watching what would happen. 　　The first person down the street crashed into the stone and 4.　angrily　 （angry） went away.Although several 5.　passers-by　 （passer-by） tripped over the stone， none of them stopped 6.　to move　 （move） the stone out of the way.Instead， they complained and left the stone where it was. 　　Just as the king was in despair， a young girl came.Though 7.　tired　 （tire） out， she managed to move it to the side of the street because she thought the stone was a danger to anyone 8.　coming　 （come） down the street.To her surprise， she saw the gold coins where the stone 9.　had been placed　 （place）.At that time， the king stepped out 10.　from　 behind the tree， told the girl everything and asked her to keep the coins， for she was worth the award. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2024·临沂高一下期末）In June 2019， Steve Wilson was going on a bike ride.Like many of us often do， he checked his phone beforehand， and saw a moving post about his friend’s daughter Linda.“She was a junior in high school at the time， she just received a life-saving kidney （肾） from a woman in town，” Wilson told CBS News.“And they didn’t even know this woman till they made the request for their daughter.” 　　“So， I became emotional.I just thought that is the coolest thing，” said Wilson， who lives in Westchester， N.Y.“I took a long bike ride and I kept thinking， ‘I would love to do something like that one day.’” 　　After seeing the post， Wilson selflessly decided to become a living donor himself， donating a kidney， while he was alive， to someone he didn’t know. 　　“I knew it would go to someone.It eventually went to someone across the country，” Wilson said.“They took my kidney to the airport and flew it out to the West Coast.” He said he still doesn’t know the person who received his kidney and he probably never will， which he’s fine with.He just wanted it to change somebody’s life， he said. 　　Going through an operation may seem frightening， but Wilson says all it takes is two weeks of your life for recovery.And to prove that it isn’t burdensome， Wilson and his fellow living donors finished an even harder mission： Summiting （登上） Mount Kilimanjaro. 　　“I do think that having that purpose made it a little bit easier.But there were some people — and I was one of them — that really plowed hard to get through.And the purpose behind it was the reason you just kept going，” Wilson said. 　　The team reached the summit on 10 March — symbolically， World Kidney Day.As for whether the climb to encourage living donations was worth it， Wilson said he inspired at least his friends to consider becoming living donors， but he thinks the Kilimanjaro summit could have inspired countless others. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Steve Wilson选择将肾捐献给一位陌生人，然后通过登上乞力马扎罗山的壮举证明捐肾不会影响到身体健康，并激励更多人去捐肾。 1.What made Steve Wilson decide to donate his kidney？（　　） A.His past life experience. B.His friend’s suggestions. C.The woman’s noble behaviour. D.The request from Linda’s parents. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一至三段可知，Steve Wilson之所以选择将自己的肾捐献出去，主要是受到一位妇女捐肾行为的影响。 2.Why did Steve Wilson choose to climb Mount Kilimanjaro？（　　） A.To show his bravery. B.To display his strength. C.To inspire people to donate kidneys. D.To inspire people to conquer difficulties. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Steve Wilson选择攀登乞力马扎罗山的主要目的是激励更多人加入捐肾的行列。 3.Which of the following can best describe Steve Wilson？（　　） A.Generous and caring. B.Smart and hard-working. C.Outgoing and humorous. D.Ambitious and adventurous. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据Steve Wilson的故事可知，他能无偿捐献自己的肾并激励更多人行善，这充分体现了他的爱心和慷慨。虽然他的登山也体现了他热爱冒险的一面，但这并非本文的重点。 4.What would be the best title for the text？（　　） A.A Sick Girl and a Kind-hearted Woman B.A Kidney Donor and an Unknown Receiver C.Donating a Kidney After Climbing a Mountain D.Conquering a Mountain After Donating a Kidney 解析：D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了Steve Wilson先无偿捐肾然后通过登山来激励更多人加入捐肾行列的故事。因此D项最适合作文章标题。 B 　　（2024·邯郸十校高一下联考）Victorian education minister James Merlino’s announcement that mobile phones will be banned for all students at state primary and secondary schools is certainly a brave move. 　　The policy has come as a direct response to mounting levels of cyberbullying， concerns over distractions and schools struggling with discipline relating to students’ misuse of phones. 　　Students will have to switch off their phones and store them in lockers from the start of the school day until the final bell.In case of an emergency， parents or guardians can reach their children by calling the school. 　　Whether to allow students to use mobile phones in school is certainly a hot topic in education.The Victorian announcement follows a French government ban on mobiles in school.Debates on the issue are also taking place in Denmark， Sweden and the United Kingdom. 　　There is considerable public support for banning mobiles.In our recently conducted survey of more than 2，000 Australian adults， nearly 80% supported a ban on mobile phones in classrooms.Just under one-third supported a complete ban from schools altogether. 　　But while banning phones from classrooms， and from schools altogether， might seem sensible， there are a number of reasons to be cautious.It’s clear we need to carefully consider how we want to make use of digital devices being brought into schools.But previous experience， such as in New York， suggests a complete ban might introduce even more problems.Experience from elsewhere suggests enforcing （实施） a mobile ban in schools may not be as easy as it sounds. 　　The New South Wales government announced a review into the benefits and risks of mobile phone use in schools in June.At the review’s completion， the government said it would only ban mobile phones from the state’s primary schools， leaving secondary schools free to make their own choice. 　　Another example is the ban enforced in New York City from 2006， which was eventually lifted in 2015.The reasons given for this change highlighted several of the concerns the new ban in Victoria will likely face.They include practical difficulties of enforcing a ban in the classroom. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚维多利亚州宣布将在中小学实施手机禁令，可是，作者认为在中小学禁止手机不是一件容易的事。 5.What led to the new policy in Victoria？（　　） A.Some scientific studies. B.Some parents’ requests. C.Some existing problems. D.Some leaders’ suggestions. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，维多利亚州这一政策的出台，是因为手机在中小学导致了很多问题，比如网络欺凌、干扰学习以及学校的管理困难等。 6.What does the author want to show about students’ using mobile phones in Paragraph 4？（　　） A.Mobile phones do harm to students. B.Mobile phones benefit students greatly. C.Many schools are faced with the issue. D.Many schools have banned mobile phones. 解析：C　推理判断题。本段指出，除了维多利亚州，法国已经发布了禁令，丹麦、瑞典以及英国正在为此辩论不休。 7.What attitude did most Australian adults take towards a complete ban of mobile phones at school？（　　） A.Supportive.　　B.Ambiguous. C.Doubtful.　　D.Negative. 解析：D　观点态度题。根据第五段可知，在该项调查中，只有不到三分之一的澳大利亚成年人支持在校园彻底禁止手机。 8.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs？（　　） A.It’s very difficult to ban mobile phones at school. B.A mobile ban will be carried out in American schools. C.Mobile phones will be banned in all Australian schools. D.It’s easier to carry out a mobile ban at secondary schools. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，澳大利亚新南威尔士州只是在小学禁止了手机，而美国纽约的学校2006年开始实施手机禁令，却在2015年又取消了禁令。由此可知，在中小学禁止手机不是一件容易的事。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2024·六盘水高一下质检）André was born in a poor family in Guatemala.In Guatemala， less than 1 percent of kids have 　9　 to a university education.Yet André always had this unusual desire to go to college. 　　André 　10　 the goal to go to one of the best universities in Guatemala City.Everybody told him： “Come on， André.That is a（n） 　11　 dream.” 　　But André was focused.There was just one problem： He had no 　12　.So André got creative.“I 　13　 about fifteen embassies in Guatemala and asked if they had any scholarships.None of them did.” 　　When none of his 　14　 worked， André took the admissions exams to the three best universities in Guatemala City， hoping that if he did well， something good might happen. 　　One of the schools he 　15　 is Francisco Marroquín University （UFM）.An admissions officer， Mónica， 　16　： 　　“My team and I were so 　17　 with André that at the end of the 　18　 we told him，‘André， you are accepted.’ 　　“I 　19　 him saying，‘Oh， thanks， now I can go back to my small village and tell everybody about the news 　20　.But you must know that I can’t 　21　 it， so you can use my space to accept someone else.’ 　　“‘Don’t worry， André.You will be the first one 　22　 into our new scholarship program， and it will pay for everything.Congratulations！’ 　　“André could have 　23　 about all the obstacles he faced.Instead he focused on the things he could control — his attitude and his goal.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。André来自一个极其贫困的家庭，他通过个人的顽强努力，最终实现了自己的大学梦。 9. A.condition　　 B.access C.situation　　 D.honour 解析：B　在危地马拉，只有不到百分之一的孩子有机会接受大学教育。access指“（使用某物或接近某人的）机会或权利”。 10. A.put　　 B.make C.set　　 D.reach 解析：C　André确立了要上危地马拉市最好大学之一的目标。set a goal是固定搭配。 11. A.impossible　　 B.interesting C.practical　　 D.popular 解析：A　根据下文But André was focused.可知，周围的人都反对André，认为那是不可能实现的梦。 12. A.support　　 B.chance C.action　　 D.money 解析：D　根据下文可知，André给15家大使馆打电话询问是否提供奖学金。由此可知，他面临的问题是缺钱。 13. A.called for　　 B.called up C.called on　　 D.called off 解析：B　根据下文asked if they had any scholarships可知，André应该是给15家大使馆打电话询问奖学金的事。 14. A.dreams　　 B.friends C.goals　　 D.methods 解析：D　当André所有争取奖学金的方法都无效后，他参加了三所危地马拉市最好大学的入学考试。 15. A.looked for　　 B.allowed for C.applied to　　 D.referred to 解析：C　Francisco Marroquín University是André当时报考的大学之一。apply to表示“申请”。 16. A.recalls　　 B.suggests C.insists　　 D.demands 解析：A　这里是招生官员Mónica回想当时的情形。 17. A.familiar　　 B.curious C.concerned　　 D.impressed 解析：D　这里的impressed是一个形容词，表示“留下深刻印象的”。 18. A.exam　　 B.interview C.contest　　 D.meeting 解析：B　根据下句André， you are accepted.可知，这里是在讲述一次面试。 19. A.remember　　 B.imagine C.indicate　　 D.remind 解析：A　招生官员Mónica记得André当时说了下面的话。 20. A.gradually　　 B.casually C.proudly　　 D.regularly 解析：C　由于André被成功录取，他应该是打算自豪地向家乡的人告知这一消息。 21. A.afford　　 B.receive C.confirm　　 D.determine 解析：A　根据上文可知，André面临的问题是缺钱，因此他会说“I can’t afford it”。 22. A.requested　　 B.invited C.accepted　　 D.refused 解析：C　根据下文的Congratulations！可知，André不但被成功录取，而且免学费。 23. A.complained　　 B.heard C.argued　　 D.commented 解析：A　André本来可以像很多人一样抱怨自己的艰难处境。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 　　你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以The Virtue I Value Most为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 　　1.你最珍视的美德是什么； 　　2.说明原因； 　　3.呼吁大家发扬这一美德。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The Virtue I Value Most 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： The Virtue I Value Most 　　There are many virtues we should value to live a meaningful life， such as kindness， wisdom， courage， justice and so on.However， what I value most is honesty. 　　As the saying goes，“Honesty is the best policy.” This is absolutely true.As one of the core socialist values， honesty is the fundamental factor on which all human relationships are based.Without honesty， our society will be filled with lies and fake products.As a result， nobody can be trusted and nothing can be achieved. 　　My fellow students， let’s always be honest.An honest person will win friends， an honest company will win customers， and an honest country will win the respect from the whole world. Ⅳ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　The concept of comfort zone refers to a psychological state in which we feel safe and do not experience anxiety or fear.It is a “space” that we know completely and in which we control almost everything. 　　Your comfort zone represents things you’re familiar with， your regular haunts， friends you’re at ease with， and activities you love doing.Your comfort zone’s risk free.It’s easy.It doesn’t cause you to stretch.Within these boundaries， we feel safe and secure. 　　During my senior year in college， I was short of a few credits， and so I skimmed through the class schedule looking for something to fill the hours.When I came across “Private Voice Instruction”， as in singing lessons， I thought， “Why not step outside my comfort zone and give it a try？” 　　I was careful to sign up for private lessons instead of group lessons because I didn’t want to make a fool of myself by singing in front of other students. 　　Things went fine until the end of the semester when my singing professor brought the shocking news.“By the way， Sean， have you decided which song you want to sing at the recital？” “What do you mean？” I asked in horror. 　　“Well， the class requirements state that you have to sing at least one time in front of the other private voice students.” 　　“That would not be a good idea，” I said emphatically. 　　“Oh， it’s no big deal.You’ll do fine.” 　　Well， to me it was a huge deal.The thought of singing in front of a group made me physically sick.“How am I going to get out of this one？” I thought.But I couldn’t allow myself to do that because I had been speaking to various groups over the past year advising them to never let fears make their decisions.Now ...I was up to bat. 　　“Courage， Sean.” I kept rehearsing in my mind.“You’ve got to at least try.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　That frightening day finally arrived.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　I left the classroom as if a heavy load had been lifted.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： 　　That frightening day finally arrived.As I entered the classroom， I kept trying to convince myself， “Just cheer up， OK？ This can’t be that bad.” Now it was my turn.As I stood in front of the class， which was far away from my comfort zone， I kept repeating to myself，“Courage！ Relax！ Take it easy！ Just perform your best！” It turned out that I did such a great job that all the students applauded my performance warmly. 　　I left the classroom as if a heavy load had been lifted.Although that experience nearly killed me， I felt a great sense of personal accomplishment on my way home.I was so proud of myself and I frankly didn’t care what anyone else thought about my performance.What really mattered was that I had survived.Stepping out of your comfort zone will never be easy， but afterward you’ll always be glad you did it. 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $