内容正文:
专题08 写作指导(建议/做法类)
目 录
01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 3
02·时空导航·网络构建 3
03·题型通关·靶向突破 4
考点一 题型破解 4
(一)考查地位 4
(二)题材分布 4
(三)材料形式 5
考点二 解题要点 5
一、精选典型试题 5
二、分维度深度精讲 5
三、精讲总结 8
考点三 “建议/做法类” 高频短语及句型清单 8
一、核心建议句型 8
二、逻辑衔接短语/句型 10
三、理由/效果高频短语 10
四、结尾总结句型 11
04·优题精选·练能提分 11
Passage 01(阅读习惯) 11
Passage 02(学习策略) 13
Passage 03(校园安全) 15
Passage 04(家庭关系) 16
Passage 05(校园管理) 18
考情分析
1.命题特点:均给出明确 “问题背景”(如课堂不足、不良习惯、校园环境),要求基于材料提具体建议,避免空泛。
2.核心要求:建议需贴合场景(如校园、家庭、生活),用“First/Second/What’s more” 衔接,突出 “可操作性”(如 “制定每日计划”“主动向老师请教”)。
命题预测
1.劳动教育深化:可能话题 ——“如何组织班级校园劳动实践活动(如种植角维护、教室值日优化)”,理由:国家 “加强中小学劳动教育” 政策,2026年可能从 “家庭劳动” 拓展至 “校园集体劳动”。
2.心理健康关注:可能话题 ——“如何帮助同学缓解中考备考压力”,理由:中考备考是学生核心痛点,且新课标强调“心理健康素养”,建议需具体(如 “每天留出 20 分钟运动时间”“与朋友交流烦恼”);
3.科技伦理引导:可能话题 ——“如何合理使用 AI 学习工具”。
考点一 题型破解
(一)考查地位
结合 2023-2025 年河北中考真题及各地市模拟题,“建议/做法类” 是书面表达的高频类别:
真题体现:2024 年中考核心任务为 “针对张军‘不提问、不记笔记’的课堂表现提改进建议”,是典型的 “问题导向型建议写作”。
2025 年石家庄、唐山、邯郸等地市模拟题中,多次出现“建议/做法类” 书面表达(如 “压岁钱管理建议”“平安校园建设建议”“健康生活计划”)。
这类题型直接契合义务教育英语新课标(2022版2025 修订版)“语言能力 —— 解决真实问题”“思维品质 —— 分析与解决问题” 两大核心素养要求,是河北中考 “实用导向” 的核心体现。
(二)题材分布
河北“建议/做法类” 话题遵循 “贴近学生生活、符合认知水平” 原则,覆盖三大核心场景,且近年从“校园/家庭”向“社会小参与”延伸:
场景类型
真题/模拟题案例
核心特点
校园学习场景
2024 年真题 “课堂表现提建议”、2025 石家庄二模 “英语作业设计建议”、承德一模 “英语学习问题解决”
围绕 “学习习惯、课堂效率、作业优化”,与学生日常学习直接相关
生活习惯场景
2025 唐山三模 “压岁钱管理”、沧州二模 “健康生活习惯建议”、张家口一模 “积极心态培养建议”
聚焦 “时间管理、健康、消费”,强调 “个人生活优化”
社会小参与场景
2025 秦皇岛一模 “社会实践日活动建议”、邯郸二模 “社区志愿者服务建议”、保定三模 “垃圾分类建议”
2025年新增,呼应 “社会参与意识”,场景从 “个人” 拓展至 “集体”
(三)材料形式
河北 “建议/做法类” 均以明确材料为依托,避免学生 “无方向发挥”,材料形式主要有三类,且近年更灵活:
表格类:如 2024 年 “课堂表现指标表格”(认真听课√、不提问 ×)、2025 唐山三模 “自我管理评价表”(早睡早起√、时间规划 ×),直接给出 “问题点”,学生只需针对性提建议;
问题提示类:如 2025 石家庄三模 “如何度过暑假”(提示 “学习/放松/技能” 三主题)、邯郸二模 “如何改善与父母关系”(提示 “询问建议/帮忙家务”),给出方向,需补充细节;
思维导图/图片类(新增趋势):如 2025 唐山三模 “安全骑行”(图片提示 “男孩骑行看手机”)、廊坊二模 “AI 使用建议”(思维导图提示 “优点/缺点”),需先解读材料,再提建议,考查 “信息转化能力”。
考点二 解题要点
一、精选典型试题
(2025·河北唐山·三模)压岁钱不仅仅是红包里的现金,更是长辈的一份关爱和祝福。我们该如何管理自己的钱,让压岁钱用得更有意义。请根据图表提示,以“How to Manage Lucky Money”为题,写一篇英语短文。
要求:(1)短文须包括提示中的要点,并适当发挥。
(2)短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(3)词数80个左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
How to Manage Lucky Money
Lucky money isn’t just money in red envelopes. It’s a gift from our elders full of love and wishes. To make it more meaningful, we can do as follows:
二、分维度深度精讲
(一)审题定向(定主题、定文体)
1. 审题核心(任务+限制)
·核心任务:围绕 “管理压岁钱”提具体建议,需覆盖“存钱、买学习用品、帮助他人”3个必选要点,且补充1个合理建议(题目要求“适当发挥”)。
·限制条件:词数 80 左右(开头已给)、无真实信息、建议要有意义且可操作。
2. 定主题:明确核心导向
主题定位为“合理管理压岁钱,让长辈的关爱更有价值”,避免空泛谈“省钱”,而是突出“有意义”(如成长、助人、应急)。
3. 定文体:建议类说明文
文体特征:以“提建议”为核心,语言客观简洁,用“分点逻辑”展开。
行文风格:亲切自然,贴合中学生身份,避免生硬说教(如不用复杂书面语,多用 “we can/should” 等温和建议句式)。
(二)定要点、定人称、定时态
1. 定要点(全覆盖+补亮点)
必选要点(3个):
存钱:为未来 / 应急做准备(对应 “Save some money”);
买学习用品:助力学业进步(对应 “Buy school things”);
帮助他人:传递爱心,获得快乐(对应 “Help others in need”)。
补充要点(1个):
少量用于兴趣:兼顾自身需求,提升幸福感(如买喜欢的书籍、文具等,避免 “乱花钱”,贴合 “有意义” 主题)。
2. 定人称:第一人称复数(we)
理由:建议面向全体中学生,用“we”增强代入感,符合“分享管理方法” 的场景。
3. 定时态:一般现在时为主
理由:建议是“普遍适用的方法”,无时间限制,用一般现在时(如 “we save”“we can buy”);无需过去时或将来时,避免时态混乱。
(三)列框架、拓思维
河北中考建议类书面表达高频框架:开头点题→分点建议(做法+理由)→结尾总结,结合本题具体展开:
框架
具体内容
思维拓展
开头点题
承接已给开头,引出 “分点建议”(无需额外发挥)
若无给定开头,可写 “Nowadays, many of us receive lucky money. It’s important to manage it wisely.”
分点建议
(4条)
1. 存钱:We can save some for a rainy day.(理由:应对未来需求,如买书籍、应急)
2. 买学习用品:Buying school things like notebooks helps us study better.(理由:直接服务学业,不浪费)
3. 帮助他人:Donate part to people in need.(理由:传递关爱,获得精神满足)
4. 兴趣支出:Spend a little on our hobbies.(理由:兼顾快乐,让管理更易坚持)
每条建议遵循 “做法+简短理由”,理由贴合 “有意义”,避免重复(如不连续写 “助力学习”)
结尾总结
强调管理压岁钱的价值,升华主题
用 “By doing so/In this way” 衔接,简洁有力
(四)理思路、写佳句
1. 开头句(给定,无需改写)
原句:Lucky money isn’t just money in red envelopes. It’s a gift from our elders full of love and wishes. To make it more meaningful, we can do as follows:
亮点:已点明 “礼物+关爱” 核心,自然引出建议,直接沿用即可(河北中考常给开头,需注意衔接下文)。
2. 中间分点句(做法+理由)
第1条(存钱):First, save some money for the future. It’s wise to keep it for unexpected needs or future study.
亮点词汇:unexpected needs(应急需求)、wise(明智的)(替换简单词 “good”);
第2条(买学习用品):Second, use part to buy school things like textbooks or stationery. They can help us make progress in studies.
亮点句型:use sth. to do(用某物做某事)、make progress(取得进步)(河北中考高频短语);
第3条(帮助他人):Third, donate a small amount to people in need. Helping others brings us great joy and sense of achievement.
亮点词汇:donate(捐赠)、sense of achievement(成就感)(提升文章档次);
第4条(兴趣支出):Lastly, spend a bit on what we like, such as storybooks or sports equipment. It makes managing money more enjoyable.
亮点句型:spend...on...(在…… 上花费)、such as(举例具体,贴合中学生)。
3. 结尾句:简洁升华
佳句:By managing lucky money wisely, we not only respect elders’ love but also learn responsibility.
亮点:not only...but also...(递进结构,升华主题至 “责任”,符合河北中考 “价值观导向”)。
(五)整合优化
最终范文
Lucky money isn’t just money in red envelopes. It’s a gift from our elders full of love and wishes. To make it more meaningful, we can do as follows:
First, save some money for the future. It’s wise to keep it for unexpected needs or future study. Second, use part to buy school things like textbooks or stationery. They can help us make progress in studies. Third, donate a small amount to people in need. Helping others brings us great joy and sense of achievement. Lastly, spend a bit on what we like, such as storybooks or sports equipment. It makes managing money more enjoyable.
By managing lucky money wisely, we not only respect elders’ love but also learn responsibility.
范文亮点解析
要点全覆盖:包含 3 个必选要点+ 1个补充要点,无遗漏。
逻辑连贯:用 First/Second/Third/Lastly 衔接,层次清晰(河北中考评分核心点)。
语言准确:无语法错误,高频短语(make progress、donate to)和句型(not only...but also...)运用恰当。
三、精讲总结
1. 审题必抓材料要点与发挥要求:河北中考建议类均有明确材料提示,先圈出必写要点,补充要点需贴合主题。
2. 框架固定用 “分点建议”:无论题目如何变,“开头点题+分点(做法+理由)+结尾总结” 是得分关键,避免杂乱无章;
3. 语言忌空泛:建议需具体(如 “买学习用品” 而非 “买有用的东西”),理由简短(1 句话即可),多用河北中考高频短语(如 take action、make progress);
4. 词数控制:80 词左右时,中间分点建议 4 条为宜,每条 1-2 句话,避免单条过长。
考点三 “建议/做法类” 高频短语及句型清单
一、核心建议句型
(一)基础常用句型
1.You'd better... instead of...(你最好…… 而不是……)
2.I think you should...(我认为你应该……)
3.I suggest that you should...(我建议你应该……)
4.If I were you, I would do...(如果我是你,我会……)
5.Why not do / Why don't you do...?(为什么不…… 呢?)
6.First, you are supposed to ...(首先,你应该……)
7.Second, you should ... as soon as possible so that you can...(其次,你应该尽快…… 以便能……)
8.To be a good learner, one should...(要成为优秀的学习者,应该……)
9.We shouldn't be afraid of... Instead, we should...(我们不该害怕…… 相反,应该……)
10.In addition, we'd better... as... as possible to...(此外,我们最好尽可能…… 来……)
11.First of all, whenever you have difficulty, you should not...(首先,无论遇到什么困难,你都不该……)
12.You can...to improve your understanding of...(你可以…… 来加深对…… 的理解)
13.I'm sure if you..., you will...(我相信如果你……,你会……)
14.As the saying goes, "Practice makes perfect."...as much as possible.(常言道 “熟能生巧”,尽可能多地……)
15.Only by...can we...(只有通过…… 我们才能……)
16.No matter how..., we must...(无论多么……,我们都必须……)
17.As long as we..., we will...(只要我们……,就会……)
18.It's never too late to...(…… 永远不嫌晚)
19.It's better to... so that we can...(最好…… 以便我们能……)
20.As students, it's important for us to...(作为学生,我们…… 是很重要的)
21.It's everyone's duty to... Let's...(…… 是每个人的责任,让我们……)
22.There is no doubt that we should... Otherwise, we will...(毫无疑问我们应该…… 否则,我们会……)
23.The first thing to do is...(要做的第一件事是……)
24.The earlier..., the better...(越早……,越好……)
25.All in all/In a word, I will try my best to..(总之,我会尽力……)
26.To solve this problem, we can...(为了解决这个问题,我们可以……)
27.It's a good idea to...(…… 是个好主意)
28.We can start by...(我们可以从…… 开始)
29.Let's make an effort to...(让我们努力……)
30.Try to... whenever you have time(有空就尽量……)
二、逻辑衔接短语/句型
(一)分层衔接短语
1. First / First of all(首先)
2. Second / Secondly(其次)
3. Third / Thirdly(第三)
4. Lastly / Finally(最后)
5. Besides / What's more(此外)
6. In addition(另外)
7. Also(也)
8. On one hand... On the other hand...(一方面…… 另一方面……)
(二)过渡衔接句型
1. After doing..., we can...(做完…… 之后,我们可以……)
2. What's more, it's necessary to...(此外,…… 是有必要的)
3. For one thing..., for another...(一则……,二则……)
三、理由/效果高频短语
(一)学习场景
1. make progress in studies(在学习上取得进步)
2. improve academic performance(提升学业成绩)
3. deepen understanding of...(加深对…… 的理解)
4. develop good learning habits(培养良好的学习习惯)
5. save time for revision(节省复习时间)
(二)生活场景
1. keep healthy /maintain physical fitness(保持健康)
2. manage time wisely(合理管理时间)
3. develop a sense of responsibility(培养责任感)
4. prepare for unexpected needs(为应急做准备)
5. achieve a balance between...and...(在…… 和…… 之间保持平衡)
(三)社会 / 集体场景
1. help others in need(帮助有需要的人)
2. spread love and kindness(传递爱心与善意)
3. contribute to the community(为社区做贡献)
4. strengthen teamwork skills(增强团队合作能力)
5. cultivate social awareness(培养社会参与意识)
四、结尾总结句型
1. I hope these suggestions are useful and helpful to you.(我希望这些建议对你有用)
2. I believe as long as... will...(我相信只要…… 就会……)
3. All in all/In a word, I will try my best to..(总之,我会尽力……)
4. By following these suggestions, we can...(遵循这些建议,我们就能……)
5. In this way, we can make... more meaningful /effective(这样一来,我们能让…… 更有意义 / 更有效)
6. I'm sure these practical tips will help you...(我相信这些实用的建议会帮助你……)
Passage 01(阅读习惯)
(2025·河北廊坊·一模)新课标对学生的英语课外阅读提出了更高的要求,培养阅读习惯变得更为重要。目前,许多中学生课外阅读量很少。请你结合以下提示,写一篇英语短文,对这一现状进行分析并提出合理的建议。
提示:
(1)Why do students read less?
(2)What are the advantages of reading?
(3)What good suggestions do you have?
要求:
(1)短文须包括提示中全部内容,可适当发挥;
(2)文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;
(3)词数80个左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
At present many students do little reading after class. Here are several reasons.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
At present many students do little reading after class. Here are several reasons. First, many students are burdened with too much homework. Also, some of them haven’t formed a habit of reading. They would rather spend their spare time on TV or computer games.
However, reading has many advantages. Through reading, we can gain knowledge and broaden our minds. It can also improve our writing skills.
To solve this problem, teachers should limit the amount of homework so that we can have more time for reading. We can also set up reading clubs and learn from each other.
【知识点】阅读、意见/建议
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:时态为一般现在时;
③提示:根据提示内容介绍许多中学生课外阅读量很少的原因并提出合理的建议,适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步,介绍许多中学生课外阅读量很少的原因;
第二步,介绍阅读的好处;
第三步,介绍自己的建议。
[亮点词汇]
①be burdened with负担
②would rather宁愿
③broaden our minds扩宽思想
[高分句型]
①To solve this problem, teachers should limit the amount of homework so that we can have more time for reading. (目的状语从句)
Passage 02(学习策略)
(2025·河北石家庄·二模)为帮助九年级学生提高学习效率 (learning efficiency) 冲刺中考,学校从学习态度、学习方法和学习习惯三个维度开展了问卷调查。请根据以下问卷调查结果及写作要点和要求,以“Improve Learning Efficiency”为题,用英语写一篇短文向校报英文栏目投稿。
What most improves your learning efficiency?
要点:
(1) Tell the result of the survey.
(2) Which one helps you the most? How does it help you?
要求:
(1) 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;
(2) 词数100左右 (开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Improve Learning Efficiency
Our school did a survey about what most improves our learning efficiency. Here are the results. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Improve Learning Efficiency
Our school did a survey about what most improves our learning efficiency. Here are the results.
According to the survey, 43% of the students consider correct learning methods most important, 32% believe that good learning habits matter a lot, and 25% think active learning attitudes are key.
I find that the correct learning method is the most effective. First, make a clear study plan and break tasks into small parts. This helps us focus on what to do step by step. Second, learn to solve problems by ourselves before asking for help. Last but not least, review regularly to check our progress.
By following these suggestions, we can study more efficiently at home.
【知识点】学习策略、青少年问题
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:主要时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容的相关信息,适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步:表明写作意图。结合提示图引出“提高学习效率”的话题。
第二步:具体阐述写作内容。描述问卷调查结果,并就最有效的一个方面发表看法。
第三步:书写结语。希望大家采纳这些方法,提高学习效率。
[亮点词汇]
①do a survey 做一项调查
②according to sth. 根据,以……为标准
③consider sth. adj. 认为某事物是……
④focus on sth. 专注于某事
⑤step by step 逐步地
[高分句型]
①I find that the correct learning method is the most effective.(宾语从句)
②First, make a clear study plan and break tasks into small parts. (祈使句的肯定形式)
Passage 03(校园安全)
(2025·河北唐山·二模)假定英语课上你们进行了关于“如何建设平安校园”的讨论,以下是部分讨论结果。请你从中选取两种,再补充一种你自己的观点,写一篇短文向你的校报编辑推荐这三种方式并说明理由。
Ways of building the safe campus
◎Don’t bring dangerous things to school
◎Be friendly to other students
◎Pay attention to the traffic lights
…
注意:(1)短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(2)词数80个左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Safety is one of the most important things in our lives. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Safety is one of the most important things in our lives.
We should try our best to make sure we are safe. Here are some suggestions to keep us away from danger.
First, we mustn’t bring dangerous things to school because they may cause serious problems. Second, we had better pay attention to the traffic lights on our way to school or home. Lastly, if we meet some emergencies, we are supposed to call the police or our teachers for help.
In a word, following safety rules above can make us live in peace.
【知识点】意见/建议
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是材料作文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出,应注意不要遗漏提示的要点,在每个要点下要适当增加细节,使表述内容更完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步,作文开头已给出,应领悟首句内容衔接好下文;
第二步,根据提示材料,从3个方面详细介绍建设平安校园的建议有哪些;
第三步,总结上文,遵守安全规则保证我们的安全。
[亮点词汇]
①try one’s best to do尽力做某事
②keep...away from远离
③pay attention to注意
④be supposed to do应该做某事
[高分句型]
①First, we mustn’t bring dangerous things to school because they may cause serious problems. What’s more, listening carefully shows that we respect our teacher.(because引导的原因状语从句)
②Lastly, if we meet some emergencies, we are supposed to call the police or our teachers for help.(if引导的条件状语从句)
Passage 04(家庭关系)
(2025·河北邯郸·三模)假定英语课上你们进行了关于“如何改善与父母的关系”的讨论,以下是部分讨论结果。请你从中选取一种,再补充一种你常用的方式,写一篇短文向你的同学推荐这两种方式并说明理由。
Ways of improving the relationship with your parentsAsk first
Help with housework
Study hard and get better grades
注意:
(1)短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(2)词数80个左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
There are many ways of improving the relationship with your parents. As for me, I always
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Different students have different ways of improving the relationship with their parents. There is always a best one for you.
【答案】例文
There are many ways of improving the relationship with your parents. As for me, I always listen to my parents and talk with them to help understand each other.
I always ask my parents for advice when I have trouble doing something. I always listen carefully to their suggestions. I know my parents have more experience in dealing with things. What’s more, they’re the people who love me best in the world. Through asking, we understand each better and we have really good relationship.
Talking with parents is also important. Sometimes we want to hang out with our friends late, but it’s normal for our parents to worry about our safety. Then talk with your parents. Tell them who we’ll be with, where we’ll go and when we’ll be back. Our parents will think we can arrange our own life well. We won’t have arguments about things like this. We’ll have better understanding between each other.
Different students have different ways of improving the relationship with their parents. There is always a best one for you.
【知识点】方法/策略、家庭关系
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:根据提示要点进行写作,可适当发挥,注意行文连贯,表述清晰。
[写作步骤]
第一步,开门见山,介绍自己改善和父母之间的关系的两种方式;
第二步,具体介绍这两种方式及推荐理由;
第三步,书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①deal with处理
②hang out with sb和某人闲逛
③what’s more此外
[高分句型]
①I always ask my parents for advice when I have trouble doing something. (when引导时间状语从句)
②What’s more, they’re the people who love me best in the world. (who引导定语从句)
Passage 05(校园管理)
(2025·河北唐山·三模)假如你是李华,是校学生会成员之一。学校图书馆是同学们阅读和学习的好地方,为了给同学们创造一个良好的阅读环境,请以“Making the library a good reading place”为题,以校学生会的名义,用英语写一篇倡议书,向全校同学发出倡议。
提示:
(1) Give your suggestions;
(2) Express your wishes.
注意:
(1) 短文须包括所给提示信息,可适当发挥;
(2) 短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;
(3) 词数80个左右 (倡议书的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
Making the library a good reading place
Dear students,
To create a quiet reading environment for everyone, I would like to share some suggestions here.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
【答案】例文
Making the library a good reading place
Dear students,
To create a quiet reading environment for everyone, I would like to share some suggestions here.
First, keep quiet in the library. You should talk in a very low voice, or you’d better not talk at all if not necessary. And when you walk, do it quietly. Don’t make noise. Second, don’t throw your litter everywhere. Put your litter in the dustbin to keep the library clean. Third, if you want to take a book from the shelf, do it carefully and put it back in the right place when you finish reading. At last, never eat or drink in the library, which may make the books dirty. I hope everyone can do their part to make the library a good place for reading and everyone can enjoy reading there.
Students’ Union
【知识点】意见/建议
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇倡议书,为材料作文;
②时态:时态以“一般现在时”为主;
③提示:写作要点已给出,根据提示内容进行写作,适当添加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,给出具体的建议;
第二步,表达美好的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①in a very low voice声音很低
②make noise制造噪音
③in the right place在正确的地方
[高分句型]
①At last, never eat or drink in the library, which may make the books dirty. (which引导的定语从句)
②I hope everyone can do their part to make the library a good place for reading and everyone can enjoy reading there. (省略that的宾语从句)
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专题08 写作指导(建议/做法类)
目 录
01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 3
02·时空导航·网络构建 3
03·题型通关·靶向突破 4
考点一 题型破解 4
(一)考查地位 4
(二)题材分布 4
(三)材料形式 5
考点二 解题要点 5
一、精选典型试题 5
二、分维度深度精讲 5
三、精讲总结 8
考点三 “建议/做法类” 高频短语及句型清单 8
一、核心建议句型 8
二、逻辑衔接短语/句型 10
三、理由/效果高频短语 10
四、结尾总结句型 11
04·优题精选·练能提分 11
Passage 01(阅读习惯) 11
Passage 02(学习策略) 12
Passage 03(校园安全) 13
Passage 04(家庭关系) 14
Passage 05(校园管理) 15
考情分析
1.命题特点:均给出明确 “问题背景”(如课堂不足、不良习惯、校园环境),要求基于材料提具体建议,避免空泛。
2.核心要求:建议需贴合场景(如校园、家庭、生活),用“First/Second/What’s more” 衔接,突出 “可操作性”(如 “制定每日计划”“主动向老师请教”)。
命题预测
1.劳动教育深化:可能话题 ——“如何组织班级校园劳动实践活动(如种植角维护、教室值日优化)”,理由:国家 “加强中小学劳动教育” 政策,2026年可能从 “家庭劳动” 拓展至 “校园集体劳动”。
2.心理健康关注:可能话题 ——“如何帮助同学缓解中考备考压力”,理由:中考备考是学生核心痛点,且新课标强调“心理健康素养”,建议需具体(如 “每天留出 20 分钟运动时间”“与朋友交流烦恼”);
3.科技伦理引导:可能话题 ——“如何合理使用 AI 学习工具”。
考点一 题型破解
(一)考查地位
结合 2023-2025 年河北中考真题及各地市模拟题,“建议/做法类” 是书面表达的高频类别:
真题体现:2024 年中考核心任务为 “针对张军‘不提问、不记笔记’的课堂表现提改进建议”,是典型的 “问题导向型建议写作”。
2025 年石家庄、唐山、邯郸等地市模拟题中,多次出现“建议/做法类” 书面表达(如 “压岁钱管理建议”“平安校园建设建议”“健康生活计划”)。
这类题型直接契合义务教育英语新课标(2022版2025 修订版)“语言能力 —— 解决真实问题”“思维品质 —— 分析与解决问题” 两大核心素养要求,是河北中考 “实用导向” 的核心体现。
(二)题材分布
河北“建议/做法类” 话题遵循 “贴近学生生活、符合认知水平” 原则,覆盖三大核心场景,且近年从“校园/家庭”向“社会小参与”延伸:
场景类型
真题/模拟题案例
核心特点
校园学习场景
2024 年真题 “课堂表现提建议”、2025 石家庄二模 “英语作业设计建议”、承德一模 “英语学习问题解决”
围绕 “学习习惯、课堂效率、作业优化”,与学生日常学习直接相关
生活习惯场景
2025 唐山三模 “压岁钱管理”、沧州二模 “健康生活习惯建议”、张家口一模 “积极心态培养建议”
聚焦 “时间管理、健康、消费”,强调 “个人生活优化”
社会小参与场景
2025 秦皇岛一模 “社会实践日活动建议”、邯郸二模 “社区志愿者服务建议”、保定三模 “垃圾分类建议”
2025年新增,呼应 “社会参与意识”,场景从 “个人” 拓展至 “集体”
(三)材料形式
河北 “建议/做法类” 均以明确材料为依托,避免学生 “无方向发挥”,材料形式主要有三类,且近年更灵活:
表格类:如 2024 年 “课堂表现指标表格”(认真听课√、不提问 ×)、2025 唐山三模 “自我管理评价表”(早睡早起√、时间规划 ×),直接给出 “问题点”,学生只需针对性提建议;
问题提示类:如 2025 石家庄三模 “如何度过暑假”(提示 “学习/放松/技能” 三主题)、邯郸二模 “如何改善与父母关系”(提示 “询问建议/帮忙家务”),给出方向,需补充细节;
思维导图/图片类(新增趋势):如 2025 唐山三模 “安全骑行”(图片提示 “男孩骑行看手机”)、廊坊二模 “AI 使用建议”(思维导图提示 “优点/缺点”),需先解读材料,再提建议,考查 “信息转化能力”。
考点二 解题要点
一、精选典型试题
(2025·河北唐山·三模)压岁钱不仅仅是红包里的现金,更是长辈的一份关爱和祝福。我们该如何管理自己的钱,让压岁钱用得更有意义。请根据图表提示,以“How to Manage Lucky Money”为题,写一篇英语短文。
要求:(1)短文须包括提示中的要点,并适当发挥。
(2)短文中不要出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(3)词数80个左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
How to Manage Lucky Money
Lucky money isn’t just money in red envelopes. It’s a gift from our elders full of love and wishes. To make it more meaningful, we can do as follows:
二、分维度深度精讲
(一)审题定向(定主题、定文体)
1. 审题核心(任务+限制)
·核心任务:围绕 “管理压岁钱”提具体建议,需覆盖“存钱、买学习用品、帮助他人”3个必选要点,且补充1个合理建议(题目要求“适当发挥”)。
·限制条件:词数 80 左右(开头已给)、无真实信息、建议要有意义且可操作。
2. 定主题:明确核心导向
主题定位为“合理管理压岁钱,让长辈的关爱更有价值”,避免空泛谈“省钱”,而是突出“有意义”(如成长、助人、应急)。
3. 定文体:建议类说明文
文体特征:以“提建议”为核心,语言客观简洁,用“分点逻辑”展开。
行文风格:亲切自然,贴合中学生身份,避免生硬说教(如不用复杂书面语,多用 “we can/should” 等温和建议句式)。
(二)定要点、定人称、定时态
1. 定要点(全覆盖+补亮点)
必选要点(3个):
存钱:为未来 / 应急做准备(对应 “Save some money”);
买学习用品:助力学业进步(对应 “Buy school things”);
帮助他人:传递爱心,获得快乐(对应 “Help others in need”)。
补充要点(1个):
少量用于兴趣:兼顾自身需求,提升幸福感(如买喜欢的书籍、文具等,避免 “乱花钱”,贴合 “有意义” 主题)。
2. 定人称:第一人称复数(we)
理由:建议面向全体中学生,用“we”增强代入感,符合“分享管理方法” 的场景。
3. 定时态:一般现在时为主
理由:建议是“普遍适用的方法”,无时间限制,用一般现在时(如 “we save”“we can buy”);无需过去时或将来时,避免时态混乱。
(三)列框架、拓思维
河北中考建议类书面表达高频框架:开头点题→分点建议(做法+理由)→结尾总结,结合本题具体展开:
框架
具体内容
思维拓展
开头点题
承接已给开头,引出 “分点建议”(无需额外发挥)
若无给定开头,可写 “Nowadays, many of us receive lucky money. It’s important to manage it wisely.”
分点建议
(4条)
1. 存钱:We can save some for a rainy day.(理由:应对未来需求,如买书籍、应急)
2. 买学习用品:Buying school things like notebooks helps us study better.(理由:直接服务学业,不浪费)
3. 帮助他人:Donate part to people in need.(理由:传递关爱,获得精神满足)
4. 兴趣支出:Spend a little on our hobbies.(理由:兼顾快乐,让管理更易坚持)
每条建议遵循 “做法+简短理由”,理由贴合 “有意义”,避免重复(如不连续写 “助力学习”)
结尾总结
强调管理压岁钱的价值,升华主题
用 “By doing so/In this way” 衔接,简洁有力
(四)理思路、写佳句
1. 开头句(给定,无需改写)
原句:Lucky money isn’t just money in red envelopes. It’s a gift from our elders full of love and wishes. To make it more meaningful, we can do as follows:
亮点:已点明 “礼物+关爱” 核心,自然引出建议,直接沿用即可(河北中考常给开头,需注意衔接下文)。
2. 中间分点句(做法+理由)
第1条(存钱):First, save some money for the future. It’s wise to keep it for unexpected needs or future study.
亮点词汇:unexpected needs(应急需求)、wise(明智的)(替换简单词 “good”);
第2条(买学习用品):Second, use part to buy school things like textbooks or stationery. They can help us make progress in studies.
亮点句型:use sth. to do(用某物做某事)、make progress(取得进步)(河北中考高频短语);
第3条(帮助他人):Third, donate a small amount to people in need. Helping others brings us great joy and sense of achievement.
亮点词汇:donate(捐赠)、sense of achievement(成就感)(提升文章档次);
第4条(兴趣支出):Lastly, spend a bit on what we like, such as storybooks or sports equipment. It makes managing money more enjoyable.
亮点句型:spend...on...(在…… 上花费)、such as(举例具体,贴合中学生)。
3. 结尾句:简洁升华
佳句:By managing lucky money wisely, we not only respect elders’ love but also learn responsibility.
亮点:not only...but also...(递进结构,升华主题至 “责任”,符合河北中考 “价值观导向”)。
(五)整合优化
最终范文
Lucky money isn’t just money in red envelopes. It’s a gift from our elders full of love and wishes. To make it more meaningful, we can do as follows:
First, save some money for the future. It’s wise to keep it for unexpected needs or future study. Second, use part to buy school things like textbooks or stationery. They can help us make progress in studies. Third, donate a small amount to people in need. Helping others brings us great joy and sense of achievement. Lastly, spend a bit on what we like, such as storybooks or sports equipment. It makes managing money more enjoyable.
By managing lucky money wisely, we not only respect elders’ love but also learn responsibility.
范文亮点解析
要点全覆盖:包含 3 个必选要点+ 1个补充要点,无遗漏。
逻辑连贯:用 First/Second/Third/Lastly 衔接,层次清晰(河北中考评分核心点)。
语言准确:无语法错误,高频短语(make progress、donate to)和句型(not only...but also...)运用恰当。
三、精讲总结
1. 审题必抓材料要点与发挥要求:河北中考建议类均有明确材料提示,先圈出必写要点,补充要点需贴合主题。
2. 框架固定用 “分点建议”:无论题目如何变,“开头点题+分点(做法+理由)+结尾总结” 是得分关键,避免杂乱无章;
3. 语言忌空泛:建议需具体(如 “买学习用品” 而非 “买有用的东西”),理由简短(1 句话即可),多用河北中考高频短语(如 take action、make progress);
4. 词数控制:80 词左右时,中间分点建议 4 条为宜,每条 1-2 句话,避免单条过长。
考点三 “建议/做法类” 高频短语及句型清单
一、核心建议句型
(一)基础常用句型
1.You'd better... instead of...(你最好…… 而不是……)
2.I think you should...(我认为你应该……)
3.I suggest that you should...(我建议你应该……)
4.If I were you, I would do...(如果我是你,我会……)
5.Why not do / Why don't you do...?(为什么不…… 呢?)
6.First, you are supposed to ...(首先,你应该……)
7.Second, you should ... as soon as possible so that you can...(其次,你应该尽快…… 以便能……)
8.To be a good learner, one should...(要成为优秀的学习者,应该……)
9.We shouldn't be afraid of... Instead, we should...(我们不该害怕…… 相反,应该……)
10.In addition, we'd better... as... as possible to...(此外,我们最好尽可能…… 来……)
11.First of all, whenever you have difficulty, you should not...(首先,无论遇到什么困难,你都不该……)
12.You can...to improve your understanding of...(你可以…… 来加深对…… 的理解)
13.I'm sure if you..., you will...(我相信如果你……,你会……)
14.As the saying goes, "Practice makes perfect."...as much as possible.(常言道 “熟能生巧”,尽可能多地……)
15.Only by...can we...(只有通过…… 我们才能……)
16.No matter how..., we must...(无论多么……,我们都必须……)
17.As long as we..., we will...(只要我们……,就会……)
18.It's never too late to...(…… 永远不嫌晚)
19.It's better to... so that we can...(最好…… 以便我们能……)
20.As students, it's important for us to...(作为学生,我们…… 是很重要的)
21.It's everyone's duty to... Let's...(…… 是每个人的责任,让我们……)
22.There is no doubt that we should... Otherwise, we will...(毫无疑问我们应该…… 否则,我们会……)
23.The first thing to do is...(要做的第一件事是……)
24.The earlier..., the better...(越早……,越好……)
25.All in all/In a word, I will try my best to..(总之,我会尽力……)
26.To solve this problem, we can...(为了解决这个问题,我们可以……)
27.It's a good idea to...(…… 是个好主意)
28.We can start by...(我们可以从…… 开始)
29.Let's make an effort to...(让我们努力……)
30.Try to... whenever you have time(有空就尽量……)
二、逻辑衔接短语/句型
(一)分层衔接短语
1. First / First of all(首先)
2. Second / Secondly(其次)
3. Third / Thirdly(第三)
4. Lastly / Finally(最后)
5. Besides / What's more(此外)
6. In addition(另外)
7. Also(也)
8. On one hand... On the other hand...(一方面…… 另一方面……)
(二)过渡衔接句型
1. After doing..., we can...(做完…… 之后,我们可以……)
2. What's more, it's necessary to...(此外,…… 是有必要的)
3. For one thing..., for another...(一则……,二则……)
三、理由/效果高频短语
(一)学习场景
1. make progress in studies(在学习上取得进步)
2. improve academic performance(提升学业成绩)
3. deepen understanding of...(加深对…… 的理解)
4. develop good learning habits(培养良好的学习习惯)
5. save time for revision(节省复习时间)
(二)生活场景
1. keep healthy /maintain physical fitness(保持健康)
2. manage time wisely(合理管理时间)
3. develop a sense of responsibility(培养责任感)
4. prepare for unexpected needs(为应急做准备)
5. achieve a balance between...and...(在…… 和…… 之间保持平衡)
(三)社会 / 集体场景
1. help others in need(帮助有需要的人)
2. spread love and kindness(传递爱心与善意)
3. contribute to the community(为社区做贡献)
4. strengthen teamwork skills(增强团队合作能力)
5. cultivate social awareness(培养社会参与意识)
四、结尾总结句型
1. I hope these suggestions are useful and helpful to you.(我希望这些建议对你有用)
2. I believe as long as... will...(我相信只要…… 就会……)
3. All in all/In a word, I will try my best to..(总之,我会尽力……)
4. By following these suggestions, we can...(遵循这些建议,我们就能……)
5. In this way, we can make... more meaningful /effective(这样一来,我们能让…… 更有意义 / 更有效)
6. I'm sure these practical tips will help you...(我相信这些实用的建议会帮助你……)
Passage 01(阅读习惯)
(2025·河北廊坊·一模)新课标对学生的英语课外阅读提出了更高的要求,培养阅读习惯变得更为重要。目前,许多中学生课外阅读量很少。请你结合以下提示,写一篇英语短文,对这一现状进行分析并提出合理的建议。
提示:
(1)Why do students read less?
(2)What are the advantages of reading?
(3)What good suggestions do you have?
要求:
(1)短文须包括提示中全部内容,可适当发挥;
(2)文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;
(3)词数80个左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
At present many students do little reading after class. Here are several reasons.
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Passage 02(学习策略)
(2025·河北石家庄·二模)为帮助九年级学生提高学习效率 (learning efficiency) 冲刺中考,学校从学习态度、学习方法和学习习惯三个维度开展了问卷调查。请根据以下问卷调查结果及写作要点和要求,以“Improve Learning Efficiency”为题,用英语写一篇短文向校报英文栏目投稿。
What most improves your learning efficiency?
要点:
(1) Tell the result of the survey.
(2) Which one helps you the most? How does it help you?
要求:
(1) 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;
(2) 词数100左右 (开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Improve Learning Efficiency
Our school did a survey about what most improves our learning efficiency. Here are the results. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Passage 03(校园安全)
(2025·河北唐山·二模)假定英语课上你们进行了关于“如何建设平安校园”的讨论,以下是部分讨论结果。请你从中选取两种,再补充一种你自己的观点,写一篇短文向你的校报编辑推荐这三种方式并说明理由。
Ways of building the safe campus
◎Don’t bring dangerous things to school
◎Be friendly to other students
◎Pay attention to the traffic lights
…
注意:(1)短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(2)词数80个左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Safety is one of the most important things in our lives. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Passage 04(家庭关系)
(2025·河北邯郸·三模)假定英语课上你们进行了关于“如何改善与父母的关系”的讨论,以下是部分讨论结果。请你从中选取一种,再补充一种你常用的方式,写一篇短文向你的同学推荐这两种方式并说明理由。
Ways of improving the relationship with your parentsAsk first
Help with housework
Study hard and get better grades
注意:
(1)短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。
(2)词数80个左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
There are many ways of improving the relationship with your parents. As for me, I always
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Different students have different ways of improving the relationship with their parents. There is always a best one for you.
Passage 05(校园管理)
(2025·河北唐山·三模)假如你是李华,是校学生会成员之一。学校图书馆是同学们阅读和学习的好地方,为了给同学们创造一个良好的阅读环境,请以“Making the library a good reading place”为题,以校学生会的名义,用英语写一篇倡议书,向全校同学发出倡议。
提示:
(1) Give your suggestions;
(2) Express your wishes.
注意:
(1) 短文须包括所给提示信息,可适当发挥;
(2) 短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;
(3) 词数80个左右 (倡议书的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
Making the library a good reading place
Dear students,
To create a quiet reading environment for everyone, I would like to share some suggestions here.
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