精品解析：山东省济南市长清区长清第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期1月质量检测英语试题

高二本部1月阶段性检测英语试题 2026.1 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man recommend the woman to do? A. Exchange the dress. B. Have the dress tailored. C. Throw out the dress. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. A big meal. B. A fancy restaurant. C. A birthday celebration. 3. What happened to Mary last night? A. Her car couldn’t start. B. She was sound asleep. C. She received a phone call. 4. Where do the speakers decide to go? A. The cinema. B. Their mom’s office. C. Their grandma’s house. 5. Who will give the lecture now? A. Prof. Brookings. B. Dr. Mildens. C. Dr. Kathleen White. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。 6. What did the woman do at the Media Camp? A. She learned poster design. B. She wrote for a magazine. C. She studied film-making. 7. Why did the woman spend her summer at the camp? A. To accompany her brother. B. To experience something different. C. To persuade her brother into the movie industry. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why can’t Julia join her friend’s band? A. They doubt her singing ability. B. The band has too many members. C. She doesn’t own an electric guitar. 9. How many members does Jame’s band have now? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 10. What does James’ band lack currently? A. A guitar player. B. A training site. C. A female member. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the man want to work with the woman? A. To become a lawyer. B. To understand a lawyer’s daily work. C. To work with children in a primary school. 12. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 13. What is the woman’s main concern? A. He might find the job boring. B. He lacks relevant knowledge. C. He might be faced with a refusal. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How many parts does Belgian cuisine include over an outside dinner? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. 15. How long did the Christmas dinner take last year? A About 3-4 hours. B. About 4-5 hours. C. About 5-6 hours. 16. What do Belgians do after a big meal? A. Exercise more. B. Drink more wine. C. Eat less next few days. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker want to do? A. To announce a competition. B. To advertise a new show. C. To interview a sports star. 18. What is the prize for this week’s competition? A. Sports bags. B. I Watches. C. Football tickets. 19. Which detail describes the Mystery Person? A. He runs a famous club. B. He is a French footballer. C. He can speak French. 20. How must participants deliver their answers? A. Via a letter. B. On a postcard. C. Through a phone call. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With most of the world’s population expected to live in urban cities by 2050, there’ll be a growing demand for smart streets. Here are four possible ways smart street technology will develop. Artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure (基础设施) Chris Carson, founder and CEO of US-based Hayden AI, says that AI-powered sensors (传感器) in cities collect everything from vehicle speed and traffic flow to the make and model of cars on the road. Sensors can analyze and improve traffic flow, and minimize accidents. Electric charging roads They will allow electric vehicles to charge as they drive. Moreover, the surface pressure of cars could also serve as a source of renewable energy. Marco Krieziu, commercial director of Italian company 20energy, says its product, LYBRA, recovers energy and heat from the passage of vehicles over its surface and changes it into electricity. Jigsaw puzzle (拼图) roads They will allow cities to adapt quickly to traffic patterns, construction needs or emergencies. Thanks to PlasticRoad, they’re already being used as bike and foot paths in Belgium and the Netherlands. Carlo Ratti Associati also developed a multipurpose street where blocks could be moved or replaced within minutes to change a road’s function. The street could, for example, serve as a road in the mornings and as a basketball court in the evenings. With smart street technology like this still in the early stages of development, experts think it necessary to let citizens decide what kind of city they want to live in tomorrow. 1. What can AI sensors help do? A. Make new cars. B. Store rainwater. C. Reduce traffic jams. D. Charge electric cars. 2. Which one created a road that can serve different uses? A. Hayden AI. B. 20energy. C. PlasticRoad. D. Carlo Ratti Associati. 3. What can we infer from the text? A. Smart streets will let out drivers’ privacy. B. Smart streets are widely used in most cities. C. Smart streets will replace all traditional roads eventually. D. Smart streets can help cities meet different needs quickly. B Following a long voyage in extreme conditions, Zhai Mo sailed back to Shanghai after becoming the first man to successfully circle the Arctic Ocean. The famous Chinese explorer set sail from Shanghai on June 30, 2021, to start the challenging journey aimed at raising awareness about the link between land degradation (退化) and climate change. Along with two crew members, Zhai travelled more than 28,000 nautical miles (海里) in over 500 days. Born in Xintai, east China’s Shandong Province, Zhai first set his sights on a painting career and became a painter after graduating from college. His interest in sailing was triggered when an experienced Nordic sailor explained the charm of the water sport. He was the first Chinese to sail alone around the world in a motorless boat, completing the journey in 2009, with some in the media calling him “the Chinese Robinson Crusoe”. Zhai hopes his action will call the world’s attention to the impact of human activity on the environment — particularly the Arctic. Originally planned to end in four months, the voyage was delayed by extreme weather, cyclones (气旋) and floating ice. “The temperature in the Arctic Ocean can reach minus 50 to 70 degrees Celsius in winter,” said Zhai. “If we didn’t manage to leave a certain area during the ice-melting window, the boat would get frozen, leaving us as targets for polar bears. But we were fully prepared, having carried enough food supply. We also sailed past three of the world’s four largest fishing grounds.” he added. He noted many Arctic islands are named after sailors who died there, as icebergs — “as high as buildings, hard as rocks” — bring great danger. Despite loving sailing, Zhai keeps his artistic pursuit, collecting voyage inspiration for a large-scale humanity-themed work. His next goal is to sail around Antarctica. 4. Why did Zhai Mo circle the Arctic Ocean? A. To document the extreme conditions in the Arctic region. B. To call on people to focus on related environmental issues. C. To collect materials for his humanity-themed artistic work. D. To be the first Chinese to sail alone through the Arctic Ocean. 5. What does the underlined word “triggered” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Supported. B. Stirred. C. Faded. D. Delayed. 6. Which is part of Zhai Mo’s team’s preparation for the Arctic voyage? A. Bringing along sufficient food. B. Making detailed plans to drive away polar bears. C. Reducing the voyage length as much as possible. D. Choosing to sail through all major fishing grounds. 7. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Zhai Mo’s personal life story from a painter to a sailor. B. The difficulties and dangers of sailing in the Arctic Ocean. C. Zhai Mo’s historic Arctic voyage and its environmental mission. D. The collection of inspiration for Zhai Mo’s art works during sailing. C Researchers from the Yale Child Study Center collected 21 days of daily diaries from parents and teens from 151 families. Participating teens were in the 9th and 10th grades, and ranged from 13 to 16 years old. Slightly more female teens participated. By analyzing these diaries, the researchers could connect parents’ displays of warmth with daily fluctuations (变动) in how loved their teens were feeling. “The daily methodology is suited to providing caregivers with practical suggestions for daily life,” says Beata Ujvari, who was not involved in the study. Regardless of the general closeness of the parent-teen relationship, the researchers found that teens reported feeling more loved on days when parents reported showing more warmth in the form of affection, understanding, or praise. Likewise, teens reported feeling less loved on days when parents reported more conflicts than usual. More importantly, the researchers also found that parents could weaken the impact of conflicts by showing their teens warmth. In their words, on days when parents were warm, high levels of conflicts didn’t reduce how loved teens felt. To weaken conflicts’ impact, warmth had to be shown on the same day, but the warmth and conflicts did not need to be related, the researchers said. “Parents often complain about the conflicts they are experiencing with their children,” said John Coffey, the study’s lead author, “but our study suggests conflicts are manageable.” The study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting daily fluctuations in feeling loved are common even in long-term relationships. How parents and teens communicate and resolve conflicts may be most important to maintaining a healthy relationship in the long term, said the researchers. “The study findings are particularly useful right now,” added Coffey, “because parents and their children are spending much time together. Finding ways to be kind and warm will help lessen potential conflicts and ensure children feel loved.” 8. What does Beata Ujvari think of the study method? A. It is good. B. It is simple. C. It is popular. D. It is creative. 9. What does the underlined word “affection” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Care. B. Hope. C. Humor. D. Silence. 10. How can parents reduce conflicts’ effect on their teens according to the text? A. By spending more time with their teens. B By displaying emotional warmth on the same day. C. By showing understanding related to the conflicts. D. By expressing agreement on what whatever ever their teens say. 11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Life. B. Science. C. Culture. D. Education. D Virtual (虚拟的) reality (VR) was just an idea in the past but now it is becoming more and more a reality. Researchers have predictions that show virtual reality will make a great difference to our society. In the same way that the smartphone changed our lives, virtual reality may be set to do the same. Virtual reality changes how we view technology. Until now technology has always been something that we have viewed but never been truly immersed in (沉浸其中). Virtual reality has the power to change that. There will come a time when we sit on a VR chair or step inside a VR room put on a VR device (设备), and enter a totally different world. The technology is largely available already, so with further advances taking place we could be about to enter entirely different worlds. Today the obvious application of virtual reality is gaming but there are many more applications as well. In business, virtual reality could be used to improve communications. Many companies have to pay a lot for sending their team to different places. As worldwide business continues, it is increasingly important for teams in different areas of the world to work together. Although the video meeting solutions have been a success, they are just not as good as the real thing. Virtual reality can offer an experience as good as the real thing without any of the expense of travel. While the virtual reality technology is still being developed we are not far away from a truly immersive experience. Within the next ten years, a solution will be in place, which will be so believable that people will be unable to tell the difference between it and reality. In time the cost will reduce as well, making it possible to have a VR experience in every home and business. 12. Why is the smartphone mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To show the popularity of virtual reality. B. To praise the development of virtual reality. C. To state people’s anxieties in terms of virtual reality. D To explain the influence of virtual reality on people’s lives. 13. In which way is virtual reality technology different from the traditional technology? A. It reduces the need for the communication. B. It can provide an immersive experience. C. It is applied to gaming and business. D. It is more convenient to operate. 14. What does the underlined word “expense” mean in the third paragraph? A. Tiredness. B. Schedule. C. Stress. D. Cost. 15. What can we expect of the virtual reality technology? A. It will help reduce technology costs B. It will take people away from reality. C. It will be widely used in people’s lives. D. It will take the place of other technologies. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Groupthink is whenever members of a group decide that it is more important to agree with one another than it is to offer competing opinions. Groupthink may be a widespread problem.____16____Here are a few strategies you can use to overcome (克服) groupthink. Try to completely understand the problem. When you consider any problem, the first step should be to properly understand what you’re trying to solve. Research it and talk to those affected by it. Collect and organize necessary information for everyone to see.____17____Once you have a list, discuss the results. ____18____Teams suffering from groupthink will just want to get one idea and hold on. That’s why one of the best ways to prevent groupthink before it can even start is to give your team the chance to come up with as many ideas as they can. Don’t always try to improve the “best” solution. As an organizer, you may have a preferred solution that you think of as the “best”. However, promoting (推广) this solution can have the opposite effect if people start agreeing with you just because of your role. So, rather than asking your group to suggest what is “the best solution”, ask them to each come up with an outside-the-box idea that solves something different.____19____ Encourage low-risk conflict (争论). When conflict is carried out carefully, it can encourage the group to evaluate the quality of their ideas, helping the best ones develop. Therefore, try to get into the habit of questioning every idea.____20____Make them give a good reason for it by asking them why they think it’s good. A. Hold a second-chance meeting B. Choose from a larger pool of ideas. C. Don’t just accept someone’s idea at face value. D. However, that doesn’t mean it can’t be avoided. E. Then get everyone to find as many causes as possible. F. Many teams simply sit around a room waiting for suggestions. G. This will help prevent everyone from blindly following one idea. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mom is a very skilled cook, but she didn’t have the time to ____21____ it the way I do when she was young. Mom was the first woman in her family to ____22____ outside the house, but that did not mean that her ___23___ at home diminished (减少). Mom got up early and prepared breakfast for a big family, all before 7:30 am, after which she would run to work. She would ____24____ at 5 pm, after which she would be busy with dinner, dishes, laying out clothes for the next day. She would fall into bed, ____25____, only to wake up the next morning and repeat the ____26____ all over again. My love for cooking ____27____ when I was homesick in England, and the food of homeland made me feel ___28___ to my family. My mom is living with me now. I have a lot of cookbooks from all over the world because I ____29____ cooking food that I have never known before. Mom’s recipes (食谱) were all handed down from her parents. Mom is unhappy when she sees me ____30____ anything that she considers useful. She tells me that ____31____ food makes her feel ill. I know she is right and decide to change my ____32____, considering her ____33____— she grew up in a small village in India. Though we have ____34____ styles of cooking, I like staying in the kitchen with my mother. We are friends now and I ____35____ my relationship with this amazing woman. 21. A. admire B. enjoy C. share D. learn 22. A. work B. search C. practice D. travel 23. A. difficulties B. suggestions C. excuses D. responsibilities 24. A. train B. pack C. return D. call 25. A. anxious B. annoyed C. awkward D. tired 26. A. schedule B. question C. method D. mistake 27. A. continued B. mattered C. changed D. began 28. A. open B. important C. close D. convenient 29. A. stop B. like C. avoid D. finish 30. A. looking for B. cutting out C. throwing away D. noting down 31. A. serving B. choosing C. preparing D. wasting 32. A. behavior B. job C. mind D. lifestyle 33. A. age B. personality C. background D. progress 34. A. simple B. different C. unique D. traditional 35. A. treasure B. understand C. manage D. examine 第二节(共10小题，满分15分) A 阅读下面短文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 One was that bad air caused the disease and the other was that cholera ____36____ (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in1854, John Snow discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that over 500 people died in ten days. He was determined ____37____ (find) out why. Through his serious investigation, he found it was the pump water in Broad Street containing germs ____38____ resulted in the outbreak of cholera. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump ____39____ (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. B 阅读下面短文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US, Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put ____40____ charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents ____41____ experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking ____42____ the challenge. When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, his reply was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” C 阅读下面短文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was the first time that 19-year-old Xie Lei ____43____ (leave) China for London. She was very excited but also quite nervous. Xie Lei was on a year-long exchange programme. She wanted to learn about global business and improve her English. Her ambition is ____44____ (set) up a business in China after graduation. Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ ____45____ (participate) in class as part of the final result. Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. 第三节：单词拼写(共10题，共15分) 请根据首字母及括号内中文提示在空白处填入合适的单词。 46. We can ________ (处理) up to 500 calls an hour at our new offices. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Her rapid a__________ to the new school life made her life easier in the first term. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. Don’t __________(暴露) the vegetables to the sun for too long, or they will get dry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. It’s not a good habit to b________ your failure on others. （根据首字母单词拼写） 50. As well as studying hard, I’ve been i__________ (包含；涉及) in social activities. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. She works as a teaching a__________ in the university, helping professors guide students. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. We need to d__________ our homes against natural disasters. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. The young man is very __________ (有雄心的) and wants to start his own company before 30. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54 The nurse is a__________ to the patients in the emergency room. (根据首字母单词拼写) 55. What he said was too __________ (复杂的) for me to understand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分25分) 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Joseph was my best friend. He was the only son of Adam Tan, a well-known former athlete and a member of the first Malaysian team to reach the South Pole in an expedition (探险). Because of this, many expected and assumed Joseph to like sports like his father. Nothing could be further from the truth. Since he was young, Joseph has been suffering from asthma (哮喘). He preferred to read books indoors and was called “Professor” unkindly in class. He did not seem to mind these comments until he was laughed at by his classmates one day. They said he was a disgrace (耻辱) to his father. Joseph lost his cool and fought with them. Of course, he lost. From that day onwards, Joseph started building up his body. He exercised and turned his attention and efforts to sports. One day, the school announced it had planned an expedition in Kalimantan, Indonesia. It was also meant to be in memory of Joseph’s father, who was its former adviser. Of course, Joseph would like to join in. During the expedition we had the help of our two teacher advisers. We were determined to succeed in the expedition which was to cross a mountain, river, and forest. The last stage was the forest. We had only four more kilometers to cover before we would walk out of the forest and successfully complete our expedition in the required time. If we succeeded, we would be the first school team to have done that in record time. However, Joseph had an asthma attack. We gathered around Joseph anxiously. When we asked him about his medicine, Joseph said he had lost it somewhere during the expedition. Behind us was 20 kilometers of wilderness which we had covered. We had left our teachers two kilometers behind us as it was agreed that we would attempt the last stage ourselves. We could not go back; it was a matter of pride. We had to cover the last stage ourselves. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Joseph begged us to carry on but we decided to take turns carrying Joseph on our back. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ About an hour later, we finally reached the destination. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二本部1月阶段性检测英语试题 2026.1 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man recommend the woman to do? A. Exchange the dress. B. Have the dress tailored. C. Throw out the dress. 2 What are the speakers talking about? A. A big meal. B. A fancy restaurant. C. A birthday celebration. 3. What happened to Mary last night? A. Her car couldn’t start. B. She was sound asleep. C. She received a phone call. 4. Where do the speakers decide to go? A. The cinema. B. Their mom’s office. C. Their grandma’s house. 5. Who will give the lecture now? A. Prof. Brookings. B. Dr. Mildens. C. Dr. Kathleen White. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。 6. What did the woman do at the Media Camp? A. She learned poster design. B. She wrote for a magazine. C. She studied film-making. 7. Why did the woman spend her summer at the camp? A. To accompany her brother. B. To experience something different. C. To persuade her brother into the movie industry. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why can’t Julia join her friend’s band? A. They doubt her singing ability. B. The band has too many members. C. She doesn’t own an electric guitar. 9. How many members does Jame’s band have now? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 10. What does James’ band lack currently? A. A guitar player. B. A training site. C. A female member. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the man want to work with the woman? A. To become a lawyer. B. To understand a lawyer’s daily work. C. To work with children in a primary school. 12. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 13. What is the woman’s main concern? A. He might find the job boring. B. He lacks relevant knowledge. C. He might be faced with a refusal. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How many parts does Belgian cuisine include over an outside dinner? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. 15. How long did the Christmas dinner take last year? A. About 3-4 hours. B. About 4-5 hours. C. About 5-6 hours. 16. What do Belgians do after a big meal? A. Exercise more. B. Drink more wine. C. Eat less next few days. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker want to do? A. To announce a competition. B. To advertise a new show. C. To interview a sports star. 18. What is the prize for this week’s competition? A. Sports bags. B. I Watches. C. Football tickets. 19. Which detail describes the Mystery Person? A. He runs a famous club. B. He is a French footballer. C. He can speak French. 20. How must participants deliver their answers? A. Via a letter. B. On a postcard. C. Through a phone call. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A With most of the world’s population expected to live in urban cities by 2050, there’ll be a growing demand for smart streets. Here are four possible ways smart street technology will develop. Artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure (基础设施) Chris Carson, founder and CEO of US-based Hayden AI, says that AI-powered sensors (传感器) in cities collect everything from vehicle speed and traffic flow to the make and model of cars on the road. Sensors can analyze and improve traffic flow, and minimize accidents. Electric charging roads They will allow electric vehicles to charge as they drive. Moreover, the surface pressure of cars could also serve as a source of renewable energy. Marco Krieziu, commercial director of Italian company 20energy, says its product, LYBRA, recovers energy and heat from the passage of vehicles over its surface and changes it into electricity. Jigsaw puzzle (拼图) roads They will allow cities to adapt quickly to traffic patterns, construction needs or emergencies. Thanks to PlasticRoad, they’re already being used as bike and foot paths in Belgium and the Netherlands. Carlo Ratti Associati also developed a multipurpose street where blocks could be moved or replaced within minutes to change a road’s function. The street could, for example, serve as a road in the mornings and as a basketball court in the evenings. With smart street technology like this still in the early stages of development, experts think it necessary to let citizens decide what kind of city they want to live in tomorrow. 1. What can AI sensors help do? A. Make new cars. B. Store rainwater. C. Reduce traffic jams. D. Charge electric cars. 2. Which one created a road that can serve different uses? A. Hayden AI. B. 20energy. C. PlasticRoad. D. Carlo Ratti Associati. 3. What can we infer from the text? A. Smart streets will let out drivers’ privacy. B. Smart streets are widely used in most cities. C. Smart streets will replace all traditional roads eventually. D. Smart streets can help cities meet different needs quickly. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了到2050年随着城市人口增长，智能街道技术将发展的四种可能方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure (基础设施)部分中“Sensors can analyze and improve traffic flow, and minimize accidents.(传感器可以分析和改善交通流量，并尽量减少事故。)”可知，AI传感器可以帮助减少交通堵塞。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Jigsaw puzzle (拼图) roads部分中“Carlo Ratti Associati also developed a multipurpose street where blocks could be moved or replaced within minutes to change a road’s function.(Carlo Ratti Associati还开发了一条多功能街道，可以在几分钟内移动或更换街区，以改变道路的功能。)”可知，Carlo Ratti Associati创建了一条可以用于不同用途的道路。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Jigsaw puzzle (拼图) roads部分中“They will allow cities to adapt quickly to traffic patterns, construction needs or emergencies.(它们将使城市能够迅速适应交通模式、建设需求或紧急情况。)”和“The street could, for example, serve as a road in the mornings and as a basketball court in the evenings.(例如，这条街早上可以作为道路，晚上可以作为篮球场。)”可推知，智能街道可以帮助城市迅速满足不同的需求。故选D。 B Following a long voyage in extreme conditions, Zhai Mo sailed back to Shanghai after becoming the first man to successfully circle the Arctic Ocean. The famous Chinese explorer set sail from Shanghai on June 30, 2021, to start the challenging journey aimed at raising awareness about the link between land degradation (退化) and climate change. Along with two crew members, Zhai travelled more than 28,000 nautical miles (海里) in over 500 days. Born in Xintai, east China’s Shandong Province, Zhai first set his sights on a painting career and became a painter after graduating from college. His interest in sailing was triggered when an experienced Nordic sailor explained the charm of the water sport. He was the first Chinese to sail alone around the world in a motorless boat, completing the journey in 2009, with some in the media calling him “the Chinese Robinson Crusoe”. Zhai hopes his action will call the world’s attention to the impact of human activity on the environment — particularly the Arctic. Originally planned to end in four months, the voyage was delayed by extreme weather, cyclones (气旋) and floating ice. “The temperature in the Arctic Ocean can reach minus 50 to 70 degrees Celsius in winter,” said Zhai. “If we didn’t manage to leave a certain area during the ice-melting window, the boat would get frozen, leaving us as targets for polar bears. But we were fully prepared, having carried enough food supply. We also sailed past three of the world’s four largest fishing grounds.” he added. He noted many Arctic islands are named after sailors who died there, as icebergs — “as high as buildings, hard as rocks” — bring great danger. Despite loving sailing, Zhai keeps his artistic pursuit, collecting voyage inspiration for a large-scale humanity-themed work. His next goal is to sail around Antarctica. 4. Why did Zhai Mo circle the Arctic Ocean? A. To document the extreme conditions in the Arctic region. B. To call on people to focus on related environmental issues. C. To collect materials for his humanity-themed artistic work. D. To be the first Chinese to sail alone through the Arctic Ocean. 5. What does the underlined word “triggered” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Supported. B. Stirred. C. Faded. D. Delayed. 6. Which is part of Zhai Mo’s team’s preparation for the Arctic voyage? A. Bringing along sufficient food. B. Making detailed plans to drive away polar bears. C. Reducing the voyage length as much as possible. D. Choosing to sail through all major fishing grounds. 7. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Zhai Mo’s personal life story from a painter to a sailor. B. The difficulties and dangers of sailing in the Arctic Ocean. C. Zhai Mo’s historic Arctic voyage and its environmental mission. D. The collection of inspiration for Zhai Mo’s art works during sailing. 【答案】4 B 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国探险家翟墨完成环北极航行的壮举，旨在提高人们对土地退化与气候变化关系的认识。他克服极端天气等困难，呼吁关注北极环境问题，并计划前往南极。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The famous Chinese explorer set sail from Shanghai on June 30, 2021, to start the challenging journey aimed at raising awareness about the link between land degradation (退化) and climate change.(这位著名的中国探险家于2021年6月30日从上海启航，开始这次具有挑战性的旅程，旨在提高人们对土地退化和气候变化之间联系的认识。)”可知，翟墨环绕北冰洋航行是为了呼吁人们关注相关的环境问题。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“when an experienced Nordic sailor explained the charm of the water sport.(当一位经验丰富的北欧水手向他解释水上运动的魅力时)”以及后文“ He was the first Chinese to sail alone around the world in a motorless boat, completing the journey in 2009, with some in the media calling him “the Chinese Robinson Crusoe”.( 他是首位独自驾驶无动力船只环游世界的中国人，于 2009 年完成了这次航行。当时有媒体称他为“中国的鲁滨逊·克鲁索”。)”可知，他完成了这次航行，由此成为航海家，是因为一位经验丰富的北欧水手向他解释水上运动的魅力时，激发了他对航海的兴趣。故画线词意思是“激发”。B选项“Stirred.(激发)”与划线词意思相近。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“But we were fully prepared, having carried enough food supply.(但我们做了充分的准备，带了足够的食物供应。)”可知，翟墨的团队为北极航行做的准备是带了足够的食物。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“The famous Chinese explorer set sail from Shanghai on June 30, 2021, to start the challenging journey aimed at raising awareness about the link between land degradation (退化) and climate change.(这位著名的中国探险家于2021年6月30日从上海启航，开始这次具有挑战性的旅程，旨在提高人们对土地退化和气候变化之间联系的认识。)”以及文章主要介绍了翟墨的北极航行及其环境使命可知，文章的主旨大意是翟墨的历史性北极航行及其环境使命。C选项“Zhai Mo’s historic Arctic voyage and its environmental mission.(翟墨的那次具有历史意义的北极探险之旅及其所肩负的环保使命。)”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。故选C项。 C Researchers from the Yale Child Study Center collected 21 days of daily diaries from parents and teens from 151 families. Participating teens were in the 9th and 10th grades, and ranged from 13 to 16 years old. Slightly more female teens participated. By analyzing these diaries, the researchers could connect parents’ displays of warmth with daily fluctuations (变动) in how loved their teens were feeling. “The daily methodology is suited to providing caregivers with practical suggestions for daily life,” says Beata Ujvari, who was not involved in the study. Regardless of the general closeness of the parent-teen relationship, the researchers found that teens reported feeling more loved on days when parents reported showing more warmth in the form of affection, understanding, or praise. Likewise, teens reported feeling less loved on days when parents reported more conflicts than usual. More importantly, the researchers also found that parents could weaken the impact of conflicts by showing their teens warmth. In their words, on days when parents were warm, high levels of conflicts didn’t reduce how loved teens felt. To weaken conflicts’ impact, warmth had to be shown on the same day, but the warmth and conflicts did not need to be related, the researchers said. “Parents often complain about the conflicts they are experiencing with their children,” said John Coffey, the study’s lead author, “but our study suggests conflicts are manageable.” The study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting daily fluctuations in feeling loved are common even in long-term relationships. How parents and teens communicate and resolve conflicts may be most important to maintaining a healthy relationship in the long term, said the researchers. “The study findings are particularly useful right now,” added Coffey, “because parents and their children are spending much time together. Finding ways to be kind and warm will help lessen potential conflicts and ensure children feel loved.” 8. What does Beata Ujvari think of the study method? A. It is good. B. It is simple. C. It is popular. D. It is creative. 9. What does the underlined word “affection” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Care. B. Hope. C. Humor. D. Silence. 10. How can parents reduce conflicts’ effect on their teens according to the text? A. By spending more time with their teens. B. By displaying emotional warmth on the same day. C. By showing understanding related to the conflicts. D. By expressing agreement on what whatever ever their teens say. 11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Life. B. Science. C. Culture. D. Education. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了耶鲁大学儿童研究中心的研究人员收集家长和青少年21天的日记，分析发现家长表达温暖与青少年感受到的被爱程度之间的日常波动有关，家长在同一天表达温暖可以减弱冲突对孩子的影响。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““The daily methodology is suited to providing caregivers with practical suggestions for daily life,” says Beata Ujvari, who was not involved in the study.(没有参与这项研究的Beata Ujvari说：“日常方法适合为护理人员提供日常生活的实用建议。”)”可知，Beata Ujvari认为这种日常的研究方法很适合为照顾者提供日常生活的实用建议，也就是他认为这种方法很好。故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线所在句子“Regardless of the general closeness of the parent-teen relationship, the researchers found that teens reported feeling more loved on days when parents reported showing more warmth in the form of affection, understanding, or praise.(研究人员发现，不管父母与青少年的关系是否亲密，当父母以affection、理解或赞美的形式表现出更多的温暖时，青少年会感到更被爱)”可知，affection与understanding和praise是并列关系，意思应该相近，而understanding和praise都是积极正面的词，推知affection应是“关爱”之意，符合语境，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To weaken conflicts’ impact, warmth had to be shown on the same day, but the warmth and conflicts did not need to be related, the researchers said.(研究人员说，为了减弱冲突的影响，温情必须在同一天出现，但温情和冲突并不一定要联系起来)”可知，父母在同一天表现出情感上的温暖可以减少冲突对孩子的影响。故选B项 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchers from the Yale Child Study Center collected 21 days of daily diaries from parents and teens from 151 families. Participating teens were in the 9th and 10th grades, and ranged from 13 to 16 years old. Slightly more female teens participated. By analyzing these diaries, the researchers could connect parents’ displays of warmth with daily fluctuations (变动) in how loved their teens were feeling. “The daily methodology is suited to providing caregivers with practical suggestions for daily life,” says Beata Ujvari, who was not involved in the study.(耶鲁儿童研究中心的研究人员从151个家庭的父母和青少年那里收集了21天的日常日记。参与调查的青少年在9年级和10年级，年龄从13岁到16岁不等。参与调查的女性青少年略多一些。通过分析这些日记，研究人员可以将父母的温暖表现与青少年每天感受到的爱的波动联系起来。没有参与这项研究的Beata Ujvari说：“日常方法适合为护理人员提供日常生活的实用建议。”)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了耶鲁大学儿童研究中心的研究人员收集家长和青少年21天的日记，分析发现家长表达温暖与青少年感受到的被爱程度之间的日常波动有关，家长在同一天表达温暖可以减弱冲突对孩子的影响，这属于家庭教育的范畴，与生活息息相关。由此推知，本文应该出现在报纸的“生活”版块。故选A项。 D Virtual (虚拟的) reality (VR) was just an idea in the past but now it is becoming more and more a reality. Researchers have predictions that show virtual reality will make a great difference to our society. In the same way that the smartphone changed our lives, virtual reality may be set to do the same. Virtual reality changes how we view technology. Until now technology has always been something that we have viewed but never been truly immersed in (沉浸其中). Virtual reality has the power to change that. There will come a time when we sit on a VR chair or step inside a VR room, put on a VR device (设备), and enter a totally different world. The technology is largely available already, so with further advances taking place we could be about to enter entirely different worlds. Today the obvious application of virtual reality is gaming but there are many more applications as well. In business, virtual reality could be used to improve communications. Many companies have to pay a lot for sending their team to different places. As worldwide business continues, it is increasingly important for teams in different areas of the world to work together. Although the video meeting solutions have been a success, they are just not as good as the real thing. Virtual reality can offer an experience as good as the real thing without any of the expense of travel. While the virtual reality technology is still being developed we are not far away from a truly immersive experience. Within the next ten years, a solution will be in place, which will be so believable that people will be unable to tell the difference between it and reality. In time the cost will reduce as well, making it possible to have a VR experience in every home and business. 12. Why is the smartphone mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To show the popularity of virtual reality. B. To praise the development of virtual reality. C. To state people’s anxieties in terms of virtual reality. D. To explain the influence of virtual reality on people’s lives. 13. In which way is virtual reality technology different from the traditional technology? A. It reduces the need for the communication. B. It can provide an immersive experience. C. It is applied to gaming and business. D. It is more convenient to operate. 14. What does the underlined word “expense” mean in the third paragraph? A. Tiredness. B. Schedule. C. Stress. D. Cost. 15. What can we expect of the virtual reality technology? A. It will help reduce technology costs B. It will take people away from reality. C. It will be widely used in people’s lives. D. It will take the place of other technologies. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了虚拟现实技术的现状及其对未来社会可能产生的影响，与过去的技术以及当前的应用进行对比，并展望其未来的发展及应用。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Researchers have predictions that show virtual reality will make a great difference to our society. In the same way that the smartphone changed our lives, virtual reality may be set to do the same. (研究人员预测虚拟现实将对我们的社会带来巨大变化。正如智能手机改变了我们的生活，虚拟现实可能将同样做到这一点)”可以推知，此处提到智能手机是为了说明虚拟现实对人类生活的影响。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Until now technology has always been something that we have viewed but never been truly immersed in. Virtual reality has the power to change that. (直到现在，技术一直是我们所看到的东西，但从未真正沉浸其中。虚拟现实有力量改变这一点)”可以推知，虚拟现实技术不同于传统技术的地方在于它可以提供沉浸式体验。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Virtual reality can offer an experience as good as the real thing (虚拟现实可以提供与真实事物一样好的体验)”可知，虚拟现实没有任何旅行的费用。所以“expense”结合上下文可知指的是旅行中的开销，所以“expense”是“费用、成本”的意思。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In time the cost will reduce as well, making it possible to have a VR experience in every home and business. (随着时间的推移，成本也将降低，使每个家庭和企业都可以获得VR体验)可以推知，虚拟现实技术将在未来被广泛应用于人们的生活。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Groupthink is whenever members of a group decide that it is more important to agree with one another than it is to offer competing opinions. Groupthink may be a widespread problem.____16____Here are a few strategies you can use to overcome (克服) groupthink. Try to completely understand the problem. When you consider any problem, the first step should be to properly understand what you’re trying to solve. Research it and talk to those affected by it. Collect and organize necessary information for everyone to see.____17____Once you have a list, discuss the results. ____18____Teams suffering from groupthink will just want to get one idea and hold on. That’s why one of the best ways to prevent groupthink before it can even start is to give your team the chance to come up with as many ideas as they can. Don’t always try to improve the “best” solution. As an organizer, you may have a preferred solution that you think of as the “best”. However, promoting (推广) this solution can have the opposite effect if people start agreeing with you just because of your role. So, rather than asking your group to suggest what is “the best solution”, ask them to each come up with an outside-the-box idea that solves something different.____19____ Encourage low-risk conflict (争论). When conflict is carried out carefully, it can encourage the group to evaluate the quality of their ideas, helping the best ones develop. Therefore, try to get into the habit of questioning every idea.____20____Make them give a good reason for it by asking them why they think it’s good. A Hold a second-chance meeting B. Choose from a larger pool of ideas. C Don’t just accept someone’s idea at face value. D. However, that doesn’t mean it can’t be avoided. E. Then get everyone to find as many causes as possible. F. Many teams simply sit around a room waiting for suggestions. G. This will help prevent everyone from blindly following one idea. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何克服群体思维的策略和方法。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Groupthink is whenever members of a group decide that it is more important to agree with one another than it is to offer competing opinions. Groupthink may be a widespread problem.(群体思维就是指一个小组的成员决定，比起提供相互竞争的意见，相互统一对方的意见更重要。群体思维可能是一个普遍存在的问题。)”和空后“Here are a few strategies you can use to overcome (克服) groupthink.(有一些策略可以用来帮助克服群体思维。)”可知，空前解释了群体思维的含义，并提出这是一个普遍存在的问题，空后提出有一些策略可以用来克服群体思维，故D项“然而，这并不意味着它不能被避免。”符合，与空前构成转折，群体思维是一个普遍存在的问题，然而它并不是不能避免的，并引出后文“有一些策略可以来给帮助克服群体思维”，故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据空前“When you consider any problem, the first step should be to properly understand what you’re trying to solve. Research it and talk to those affected by it. Collect and organize necessary information for everyone to see.(当你考虑任何问题时，第一步应该是正确地理解你想要解决的问题。研究它并与受其影响的人交谈。收集和组织必要的信息供大家查看。)”可知，空前提出了发现问题时，第一步是要正确地理解想要解决的问题。此处应提出接下来该怎么做，故E项“然后，让每个人找到尽可能多的原因。”符合，第一步正确的理解想要解决的问题，然后让每个人找到尽可能多的原因，且与空后“Once you have a list, discuss the results.(一旦你有了清单，就讨论结果)”构成递进关系，一步一步地介绍具体该这么做，故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据后文内容“Teams suffering from groupthink will just want to get one idea and hold on. That’s why one of the best ways to prevent groupthink before it can even start is to give your team the chance to come up with as many ideas as they can.(遭受群体思维的团队只想要得到一个想法并坚持下去。这就是为什么在群体思维开始之前阻止它最好的方法之一就是让你的团队有机会提出尽可能多的想法。)”可知，空后具体介绍了本段的策略，就是让团队有机会提出尽可能多的想法，故B项“从更多的想法中选择。”符合本段主旨句，概括后文提到的组织群体思维的最好方法之一就是让团队有机会提出尽可能多的想法，故选B项。 【19题详解】 根据空前“So, rather than asking your group to suggest what is “the best solution”, ask them to each come up with an outside-the-box idea that solves something different.(因此，与其让你的团队提出什么是“最佳解决方法”，不如让他们各自提出一个解决不同问题打破常规的想法。)”可知，空前提到让团队各自提出一个不同的解决方法，故G项“这将有助于阻止每个人盲目地追随同一个想法。”符合，G项中的“This”指代空前“ask them to each come up with an outside-the-box idea that solves something different”这件事。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Therefore, try to get into the habit of questioning every idea.(因此，试着养成质疑每一个想法的习惯。)”可知，空前提到要养成质疑每个想法的习惯，故C项“不要仅仅从表面上接受某人的想法。”是空前的顺义承接，要养成质疑每个想法的习惯，不要仅仅从表面上接受某人的想法，故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mom is a very skilled cook, but she didn’t have the time to ____21____ it the way I do when she was young. Mom was the first woman in her family to ____22____ outside the house, but that did not mean that her ___23___ at home diminished (减少). Mom got up early and prepared breakfast for a big family, all before 7:30 am, after which she would run to work. She would ____24____ at 5 pm, after which she would be busy with dinner, dishes, laying out clothes for the next day. She would fall into bed, ____25____, only to wake up the next morning and repeat the ____26____ all over again. My love for cooking ____27____ when I was homesick in England, and the food of homeland made me feel ___28___ to my family. My mom is living with me now. I have a lot of cookbooks from all over the world because I ____29____ cooking food that I have never known before. Mom’s recipes (食谱) were all handed down from her parents. Mom is unhappy when she sees me ____30____ anything that she considers useful. She tells me that ____31____ food makes her feel ill. I know she is right and decide to change my ____32____, considering her ____33____— she grew up in a small village in India. Though we have ____34____ styles of cooking, I like staying in the kitchen with my mother. We are friends now and I ____35____ my relationship with this amazing woman. 21. A. admire B. enjoy C. share D. learn 22. A. work B. search C. practice D. travel 23. A. difficulties B. suggestions C. excuses D. responsibilities 24. A. train B. pack C. return D. call 25. A. anxious B. annoyed C. awkward D. tired 26. A. schedule B. question C. method D. mistake 27. A. continued B. mattered C. changed D. began 28. A. open B. important C. close D. convenient 29. A. stop B. like C. avoid D. finish 30. A. looking for B. cutting out C. throwing away D. noting down 31. A. serving B. choosing C. preparing D. wasting 32. A. behavior B. job C. mind D. lifestyle 33. A. age B. personality C. background D. progress 34. A. simple B. different C. unique D. traditional 35. A. treasure B. understand C. manage D. examine 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者与母亲之间的故事，特别是与烹饪相关的经历和情感联系。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是一个非常熟练的厨师，但她年轻的时候没有时间像我这样享受烹饪。A. admire钦佩；B. enjoy享受；C. share分享；D. learn学习。根据后文“Mom was the first woman in her family to　　2　outside the house”可知，妈妈是家里第一个外出工作的女人，以及下文可知，妈妈要做很多工作，所以是不能享受烹饪的乐趣。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈是家里第一个外出工作的女人，但这并不意味着她在家里的责任减少了。A. work工作；B. search搜索；C. practice练习；D. travel旅行。根据后文“after which she would run to work”可知，妈妈是家里第一个外出工作的女人。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈是家里第一个外出工作的女人，但这并不意味着她在家里的责任减少了。A. difficulties困难；B. suggestions建议；C. excuses借口；D. responsibilities责任。根据后文“Mom got up early and prepared breakfast for a big family, all before 7:30 am”以及“after which she would be busy with dinner, dishes, laying out clothes for the next day.”可知，妈妈要为家里做很多事，所以并不意味着她在家里的责任减少了。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会在下午5点回来，之后她会忙着做饭，洗碗，整理第二天的衣服。A. train训练；B. pack打包；C. return返回；D. call打电话。根据前文“after which she would run to work.”以及后文“after which she would be busy with dinner”可知，前文说妈妈去工作，后文准备晚餐，所以应是在下午5点下班回来。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她躺在床上，累了，第二天早上醒来，又重复了一遍。A. anxious焦虑的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. tired疲倦的。根据前文“Mom got up early and prepared breakfast for a big family, all before 7:30 am, after which she would run to work. She would　　4　 at 5 pm, after which she would be busy with dinner, dishes, laying out clothes for the next day.”可知，妈妈一天的工作非常多，所以是疲倦的。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她躺在床上，累了，第二天早上醒来，又重复了一遍。A. schedule日程；B. question问题；C. method方法；D. mistake错误。根据前文的repeat和后文的“all over again”可知，应是重复前一天的日程。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对烹饪的热爱始于我在英国想家的时候，家乡的食物让我觉得和家人更亲近。A. continued继续；B. mattered重要；C. changed改变；D. began开始。根据后文“when I was homesick in England”可知，作者在英国想家的时候，开始了对烹饪的热爱，因为家乡的食物让作者觉得和家人更亲近。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对烹饪的热爱始于我在英国想家的时候，家乡的食物让我觉得和家人更亲近。A. open开放的；B. important重要的；C. close亲密的；D. convenient方便的。根据前文“when I was homesick in England, and the food of homeland made me”可知，作者在英国想家，所以家乡的食物让作者觉得和家人更亲近。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有很多来自世界各地的烹饪书，因为我喜欢烹饪我以前从不知道的食物。A. stop停止；B. like喜欢；C. avoid避免；D. finish完成。根据前文“My love for cooking”可知，作者喜欢烹饪，所以此处是喜欢烹饪她以前从不知道的食物。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当妈妈看到我扔掉她认为有用的东西时，她很不高兴。A. looking for寻找；B. cutting out剪掉；C. throwing away扔掉；D. noting down记下。根据前文的“Mom is unhappy”以及后文“that she considers useful.”结合选项可知，应是“扔掉她认为有用的东西时，她很不高兴”符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我浪费食物使她感到不舒服。A. serving服务；B. choosing选择；C. preparing准备；D. wasting浪费。根据前文“Mom is unhappy when she sees me　　10　anything that she considers useful.”可知，妈妈对作者扔掉她认为有用的东西，也就是浪费食物感到不舒服。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道她是对的，并决定改变我的行为，考虑到她的背景——她在印度的一个小村庄长大。A. behavior行为；B. job工作；C. mind思想；D. lifestyle生活方式。根据前文“I know she is right”可知，作者觉得妈妈是对的，所以应是改变自己的行为。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道她是对的，并决定改变我的行为，考虑到她的背景——她在印度的一个小村庄长大。A. age年龄；B. personality性格；C. background背景；D. progress进步。根据后文“she grew up in a small village in India.”可知，这是妈妈的背景。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们有不同的烹饪风格，但我喜欢和妈妈呆在厨房里。A. simple简单的；B. different不同的；C. unique独特的；D. traditional传统的。根据前文“I have a lot of cookbooks from all over the world because I　9　cooking food that I have never known before. Mom’s recipes were all handed down from her parents.”可知，作者喜欢烹饪她以前从不知道的食物而妈妈的食谱都是她父母传下来的，所以她们有不同的烹饪风格。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们现在是朋友了，我珍惜和这个了不起的女人的关系。A. treasure珍视；B. understand理解；C. manage管理；D. examine检查。根据前文“We are friends now”可知，作者和妈妈是朋友了，所以应是珍惜和这个了不起的女人的关系。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题，满分15分) A 阅读下面短文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 One was that bad air caused the disease and the other was that cholera ____36____ (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in1854, John Snow discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that over 500 people died in ten days. He was determined ____37____ (find) out why. Through his serious investigation, he found it was the pump water in Broad Street containing germs ____38____ resulted in the outbreak of cholera. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump ____39____ (remove) so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks. 【答案】36. was caused 37. to find 38. that 39. removed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了John Snow在1854年伦敦霍乱爆发期间，通过调查发现霍乱传播的水源并采取措施制止疫情的过程。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：一种观点是坏空气引发了疾病，另一种观点是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。根据“One was that bad air caused the disease and the other was that”、cholera与cause的动宾关系及从句主语cholera为单数可知，此空应是一般过去时的被动语态was caused。故填was caused。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他决心找出原因。be determined to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”，此空应是动词不定式to find。故填to find。 【38题详解】 考查强调句。句意：通过认真调查，他发现正是宽街水泵里含有细菌的水导致了霍乱的爆发。根据“the pump water resulted in the outbreak of cholera”句子结构完整可知，此处是强调句型“It was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他”，此空应是that。故填that。 39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他让人把水泵的把手拆掉，这样水泵就无法使用了。the handle of the pump与remove是动宾关系，此空应是过去分词removed，作宾语补足语。此处是have sth. done的固定结构，意为“使某事被做”。故填removed。 B 阅读下面短文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US, Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put ____40____ charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents ____41____ experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking ____42____ the challenge. When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, his reply was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” 【答案】40. in 41. or 42. on 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了钱学森克服重重困难回国后，在一穷二白的条件下，带领中国开展火箭、航天和导弹研究的经历，展现了他的爱国精神与科研决心。 【40题详解】 考查介词和固定短语。句意：他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，并被任命负责不仅发展中国的火箭科学，还有其航天和导弹项目。根据“He was put __1__ charge of”可知，此处是固定搭配sb. be put in charge of，意为“某人被指派负责，掌管”，此空应是介词in。故填in。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：中国没有任何学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且在这个领域中国既没有人才也没有专家。talents和experts是并列关系，且前有否定词no，此空应是or，连接两个并列的否定对象。故填or。 【42题详解】 考查介词和固定短语。句意：然而，钱学森并没有因此而气馁，他接受了挑战。根据“taking __3__ the challenge”可知，此处是固定搭配take on the challenge，意为“接受挑战”，此空应是介词on。故填on。 C 阅读下面短文在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was the first time that 19-year-old Xie Lei ____43____ (leave) China for London. She was very excited but also quite nervous. Xie Lei was on a year-long exchange programme. She wanted to learn about global business and improve her English. Her ambition is ____44____ (set) up a business in China after graduation. Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ ____45____ (participate) in class as part of the final result. Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. 【答案】43. had left 44. to set 45. participation 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了谢蕾到伦敦留学的经历。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：这是19岁的谢蕾第一次离开中国去伦敦。It was the first time that...为固定句型，表示“第一次……”，从句中用过去完成时。故填had left。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的志向是毕业后在中国创业。此空用非谓语动词作表语，解释主语ambition“雄心，抱负”的内容，且这里是还没有发生的动作，所以此处用动词不定式作表语。故填to set。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：谢蕾还发现，许多课程都将学生的课堂参与作为最终成绩的一部分。此空作included的宾语，空前有名词所有格students’，应用名词participation“参与”，为不可数名词。故填participation。 第三节：单词拼写(共10题，共15分) 请根据首字母及括号内中文提示在空白处填入合适的单词。 46. We can ________ (处理) up to 500 calls an hour at our new offices. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】handle 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在我们的新办公室，我们每小时最多可以处理500个电话。根据汉语提示“处理”可知，此处使用动词handle，空前是情态动词can，本空应用动词原形。故填handle。 47. Her rapid a__________ to the new school life made her life easier in the first term. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】adaptation##daptation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她对新学校生活的快速适应让她第一学期的生活轻松了不少。根据首字母提示及“to the new school life”可知，此处使用名词adaptation“适应”，作主语。故填adaptation。 48. Don’t __________(暴露) the vegetables to the sun for too long, or they will get dry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】expose 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：不要把蔬菜暴露在太阳下太久，否则它们会变干的。根据汉语提示可知，expose“暴露”，动词，此处是祈使句的否定式，Don’t后接动词原形，故填expose。 49. It’s not a good habit to b________ your failure on others. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】blame##lame 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：把你的失败归咎于别人不是一个好习惯。根据空后的your failure on others并结合首字母提示，这里表示把你的失败归咎于别人，应用及物动词blame，意为“责怪，把……归咎于”。blame sth. on sb.意为“把某事归咎于某人”。空前有不定式符号to，所以这里应用动词原形。故填blame。 50. As well as studying hard, I’ve been i__________ (包含；涉及) in social activities. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】involved##nvolved 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了努力学习，我还一直参与社会活动。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词involved“参与的”，作表语，构成固定搭配be involved in“参与”。故填involved。 51. She works as a teaching a__________ in the university, helping professors guide students. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】assistant##ssistant 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她在大学担任助教，帮助教授指导学生。根据首字母提和helping professors guide students可知，这里指助教，应用名词assistant (助理，助手)，teaching assistant意为“助教”，在句中作宾语。故填assistant。 52. We need to d__________ our homes against natural disasters. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】defend##efend 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们需要保护我们的家园免受自然灾害。根据首字母提示和空后的“our homes against natural disasters”可知，这里表示保卫家园，defend意为“保护，保卫”，为及物动词。defend...against...意为“保护……免受……”。空前有不定式符号to，空处用动词原形。故填defend。 53. The young man is very __________ (有雄心的) and wants to start his own company before 30. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】ambitious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个年轻人很有雄心，想在30岁之前创办自己的公司。根据汉语提示“有雄心的”及“The young man is”可知，此处是形容词ambitious，作表语。故填ambitious。 54. The nurse is a__________ to the patients in the emergency room. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】attending##ttending 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：护士正在急诊室照顾病人。根据The nurse和空后的to the patients可知，这里指照顾病人，结合首字母提示可知应用动词attend，attend to意为“照料”。空前有is，空处应用动词ing形式，构成现在进行时。故填attending。 55. What he said was too __________ (复杂的) for me to understand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】complex 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他说的话太复杂了，我无法理解。根据汉语提示，表示“复杂的”应用形容词complex，在句中作表语。故填complex。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分25分) 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Joseph was my best friend. He was the only son of Adam Tan, a well-known former athlete and a member of the first Malaysian team to reach the South Pole in an expedition (探险). Because of this, many expected and assumed Joseph to like sports like his father. Nothing could be further from the truth. Since he was young, Joseph has been suffering from asthma (哮喘). He preferred to read books indoors and was called “Professor” unkindly in class. He did not seem to mind these comments until he was laughed at by his classmates one day. They said he was a disgrace (耻辱) to his father. Joseph lost his cool and fought with them. Of course, he lost. From that day onwards, Joseph started building up his body. He exercised and turned his attention and efforts to sports. One day, the school announced it had planned an expedition in Kalimantan, Indonesia. It was also meant to be in memory of Joseph’s father, who was its former adviser. Of course, Joseph would like to join in. During the expedition we had the help of our two teacher advisers. We were determined to succeed in the expedition which was to cross a mountain, river, and forest. The last stage was the forest. We had only four more kilometers to cover before we would walk out of the forest and successfully complete our expedition in the required time. If we succeeded, we would be the first school team to have done that in record time. However, Joseph had an asthma attack. We gathered around Joseph anxiously. When we asked him about his medicine, Joseph said he had lost it somewhere during the expedition. Behind us was 20 kilometers of wilderness which we had covered. We had left our teachers two kilometers behind us as it was agreed that we would attempt the last stage ourselves. We could not go back; it was a matter of pride. We had to cover the last stage ourselves. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Joseph begged us to carry on but we decided to take turns carrying Joseph on our back. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ About an hour later, we finally reached the destination. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Joseph begged us to carry on but we decided to take turns carrying Joseph on our back. Bearing annoying insects and mud was only minor difficulty. Carrying Joseph was more difficult but we did not mind the physical part of the burden. What worried us was not finishing the expedition in record time but that Joseph would die before he received medical help. We struggled. With great determination and efforts, we finished the last kilometers. About an hour later, we finally reached the destination. The welcome team did not get to complete their cheery support. They cut short their cheering when they saw us carrying Joseph. To our relief, Joseph was given timely treatment, The school gave us a hero’s welcome. After all, we had tried and completed the last stage of the expedition in our own way. As for Joseph, he had not disgraced his father. After this, Joseph returned to the pursuit of his first love — his books. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者最好的朋友约瑟夫从小体弱，患有哮喘，但是他的父亲生前是一位著名的运动员，因此约瑟夫受到了嘲笑。约瑟夫下定决心锻炼身体并成功加入了学校的运动队。在一次纪念约瑟夫父亲的远足探险中，约瑟夫和队员们拼劲全力，却在途中犯了哮喘。在约瑟夫的坚持下以及队员们的帮助下，他们完成了远足，约瑟夫也向父亲证明了自己。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“约瑟夫请求我们继续前进，但我们决定轮流背着约瑟夫。”可知，第一段可描写队员们帮助约瑟夫的过程以及最后完成了探险。 ②由第二段首句内容“大约一个小时后，我们终于到达了目的地。”可知，第二段可描写可描写在约瑟夫的坚持下队员们完成了远足，约瑟夫向父亲证明了自己，然后被送去了医院。 2. 续写线索：继续前进——轮流背着约瑟夫——克服困难——达到目的地——得到及时治疗——证明自己。 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①完成：finish/accomplish ②提供：give/provide ③追求：pursuit/chase 情绪类 ①宽慰：relief/ease ②烦人的：annoying/troublesome 【点睛】[高分句型1]What worried us was not finishing the expedition in record time but that Joseph would die before he received medical help.(what引导的主语从句) [高分句型2]They cut short their cheering when they saw us carrying Joseph.(when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $