Unit4 Space Exploration 素能综合测评-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

姓名_________ 日期______ 等第_____ Unit 4 Space Exploration 素能综合测评 第一部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C、 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You don’t have to go to the moon to meet an astronaut. You can do it at the National Air and Space Museum on July 16. Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight around the globe in 1937. But she’ll be at the National Air and Space Museum on July 16—the museum’s first Family Day of the season—to tell you all about her adventures.（Okay， it’s actually an actress pretending to be Earhart.） Former NASA astronaut Patrick Forrester will be there to answer your questions， too. Come and learn how space exploration changed the world. Another Family Day event takes place on July 25. On Discover the Moon Day， you can steer（驾驶） a robotic rover（a vehicle for exploring the surface of a planet）， examine meteorites that were found on the moon， see the capsule（太空舱） that took the Apollo 11 astronauts there and back and view photos of the lunar surface using 3-D glasses. You can create lunar art and take a moon quiz. We’ll give you one example： July 20， 1969. Do you know what happened that day？ National Air and Space Museum 6th St. and Independence Ave SW Open daily from 10 am to 5：30 pm through September（visit our website for details）. Family Day programmes are from 10 am to 3 pm. Information specialists are available from 9 am to 5 pm from Monday to Friday and from 9 am to 4 pm on Saturday. For more information， call 202-633-2214. （　　）1. What can museum visitors do on July 16？ A. Create lunar art. B. Step into an unusual capsule. C. Learn about a missing woman pilot’s life. D. See a movie about Earhart’s adventures. （　　）2. What do we know about Discover the Moon Day？ A. It includes a sun quiz. B. It’s the first Family Day at the museum. C. It features a famous astronaut’s explanations. D. It gives people first-hand experience of space. （　　）3. What’s the closing time for the Family Day programmes？ A. 3 pm. B. 4 pm. C. 5：30 pm. D. 7：30 pm. B “I was a bad student who became an astronaut.” Scott Kelly， an engineer and a retired astronaut， visited the University of Wisconsin-Madison and shared his own experiences. As a kid， he was distracted in school and he earned terrible grades and barely graduated from high school. The biggest struggle was that he used to ignore what the teachers were saying， and he even started to accept the fact that he would never be able to achieve what he dreamed of. After graduation， everything changed， quite by accident， when he picked up and read The Right Stuff， Tom Wolfe’s classic account of the lives of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. Inspired at last， he decided he wanted to be an astronaut. To do that， he needed to get a technical degree. So from that day on， he was determined to do well in all the subjects. After so many years of daydreaming， it wouldn’t be easy. But he started thinking about it like a sport. The more he practiced his study skills， the better he got and the more he learned. Eventually， it became a competition with himself to see how good he could get. But how can we find our motivation？ There’s no fixed way. It’s about finding an interest and putting in the hard work. It’s likely that you just haven’t found what interests you or that the topic is not being explained in a way that resonates（引起共鸣） with you. Reflect on your daily behavior. Do you find yourself absorbed in building things， interested in the ecosystem， or enjoying reading the latest graphics in video games？ That will give you clues about your interests—engineering， biology， coding， etc. Then talk to professionals in those fields and hear their stories for guidance and inspiration. Scott encourages young people to dream big and aim for the stars. Hard？ Maybe. But anything worth having is worth pursuing. （　　）4. What was Scott’s major challenge when he was in high school？ A. Understanding what the teachers said in class. B. Finding his motivation for learning at school. C. Finishing the assignments with higher quality. D. Realizing his dream of becoming an astronaut. （　　）5. What might Scott think of his learning when pursuing a technical degree？ A. Useful but irrelevant. B. Interesting and pleasing. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Stressful and time-consuming. （　　）6. According to the passage， how can you motivate yourself？ A. By following others’ path and devoting myself to it. B. By running back over my behavior and putting efforts into it. C. By trying various interests and picking what I like most. D. By discovering personal interests and seeking professional advice. （　　）7. Which is the best title for the passage？ A. Well begun is half done B. Chance favors the prepared mind C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart D. Birds of a feather flock together C A rare look inside the human brain might help to explain how it clears away waste. Scientists say the failure to clear away such waste can lead to Alzheimer’s disease and other brain disorders. Brain cells use a lot of nutrients（营养）. This means they produce a lot of waste. Scientists believe the brain has special systems to take out this waste， especially during sleep. They have reported observing this process happening in mice. But they had no clear evidence that this happens in humans. Recently published research appears to have identified a system， or network， of very small waste-clearing channels in the brains of living humans. The researchers used a scanning technology to study the network. One of the researchers was Dr. Juan Piantino of Oregon Health & Science University. Piantino said the new research was important evidence. “We needed this piece to say this happens in humans too，” he said. His team recently published its findings in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The brain is very active during sleep. During sleeping hours， the brain appears to clean itself. The idea has gotten the attention of researchers. A night’s sleep deprivation can cause people’s thinking to be unclear. But how does the brain clean itself？ About 13 years ago， scientists at the University of Rochester first reported finding a network they named the “glymphatic system”. Fluid（液体） from the brain， called cerebrospinal fluid， travels through channels surrounding blood vessels（血管） to carry waste out of the brain. It is not clear exactly how the system works. However， some research has shown that the movement of blood vessels might help move the waste-clearing fluid where it needs to go. Finding the system in humans is not easy. Regular MRI （Magnetic Resonance Imaging） scans can show some of the fluid-filled channels. （　　）8. What kind of process did scientists observe in mice’s brains？ A. They remove waste during sleep. B. They produce more waste during sleep. C. They use more nutrients during sleep. D. They stop producing waste during sleep. （　　）9. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 refer to？ A. Increase. B. Decline. C. Loss. D. Difficulty. （　　）10. How is the waste in a person’s brain cleared？ A. It is taken in as nutrients by the body. B. It is changed into fluid flowing out of the brain. C. It is carried out of the brain through the blood vessels. D. It is taken out of the brain along certain paths around blood vessels. （　　）11. What is the purpose of the passage？ A. To present a study. B. To reason a theory. C. To share experiences. D. To persuade readers. D When the fuel（燃料） runs out， most satellites are either brought down to burn up in the atmosphere or parked in background orbits becoming space junk. NASA has a plan to change this. It wants to carry out a mission to refuel the Landsat 7 satellite in orbit. Landsat 7 is a defunct（不再使用的） Earth imaging satellite. It can orbit the Earth in 99 minutes and photograph the whole planet every 16 days. It did so for about 20 years before it ran out of fuel. The plan is to have a robot approach the satellite and refuel it. Some readers may note that repairs in space have already taken place. The first orbital repair was conducted by James van Hoften and George Nelson in 1984 to repair the Solar Maximum Mission satellite. The Hubble Space Telescope has had repair and maintenance（保养） missions in 1993， 1997， 1999， 2002 and 2009. The International Space Station（ISS） had its 2-billion-dollar antimatter detector repaired in 2020. But such major repairs require people to be sent to space. That was very expensive. There has been some success in using robots to make repairs already. In 2019， MEV-1， a satellite made by SpaceLogistics， serviced the Intelsat 901 satellite， increasing its lifetime by five years. By 2024， Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites， a project funded by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency（DARPA）， had planned to use a robotic craft to catch defunct satellites that were not specifically designed to be docked with. It’s been reported that there are already 7，389 individual satellites in space as of April 2021. If these repair plans succeed， the doors will be open to new possibilities. We will be able to construct larger structures directly in orbit， and we could make roomier space stations that promote space travel and space mining. （　　）12. What does NASA plan to do for the Landsat 7 satellite？ A. Power it up with the help of a robot. B. Send a robot to photograph it. C. Push it to change its orbit. D. Give it a new mission. （　　）13. What do the space repairs mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common？ A. They were finished on the ISS. B. They were carried out by humans. C. They needed to be done repeatedly. D. They took several years to complete. （　　）14. What did SpaceLogistics achieve in 2019？ A. It fit a spacecraft’s separate parts together. B. It built new structures in orbit. C. It made a satellite last longer. D. It located its defunct satellites. （　　）15. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about space repair？ A. Its history. B. Its cost. C. Its advantages. D. Its problems. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）高考趋势性主题五育并举·体育 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A crocodile walk is a type of exercise that uses a person’s body as resistance（阻力）. 16.______ He must then walk on all fours， just like a crocodile. This intense exercise can be difficult， and starting out with short distances is usually recommended. 17.______ Unlike lifting weights， a person requires no special equipment to do these exercises. A crocodile walk is a type of bodyweight exercise， and as the name suggests， individuals walk like a crocodile when doing these exercises. A crocodile walk may seem like a simple exercise， but it can be a bit difficult to master， especially for beginners. To start， a person must move one leg and the opposite arm forward at the same time， and then repeat with the opposite side. 18.______ It is generally recommended that a person starts out slowly with this exercise at first. 19.______ After the exercise becomes easier for him， he can increase the amount of time that he does the walk. Some people also choose to walk a certain distance and increase that distance a little at a time. Not only does a crocodile walk increase a person’s endurance（耐力） level， it also helps build and tone muscles. The muscles in the arms， legs， and shoulders will benefit from this exercise， since they must support the weight of the body. Another major advantage of a crocodile walk is that it requires no equipment. 20.______ This means that he does not have to buy expensive weights or pay for a gym membership. A. This is the starting position for a crocodile walk. B. To do it，a person must get in a pushup position. C. All a person requires in this exercise is his own body. D. This results in the person walking just like a crocodile. E. Back muscles will also become stronger after a person performs this exercise. F. He can do a crocodile walk for several seconds before resting for a few seconds. G. Bodyweight exercises are ones where a person depends on his own body weight. 第二部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C、 D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In many ways， Mars is like Earth’s twin. But in many more ways， Mars is nothing like Earth. Mars was once a  　21　 world. But what happened to Mars？ And most  　22　， did life once exist on this Red Planet？ In August， 2012， NASA’s Curiosity rover landed on Mars. Its mission： to  　23　 whether Mars was once a place where living things could  　24　. The rover started its  　25　 in a place called Gale Crater（坑）. It’s a huge crater， stretching about 150 kilometers wide. In the center is a mountain called Mount Sharp. NASA let the rover  　26　 there because Gale Crater used to hold a  　27　 filled with water. After the rover got there， it  　28　 some rocks in Gale Crater with on-board instruments. And it found minerals that had water  　29　 up. With the  　30　 the rover collected， the science and engineering teams on Earth were able to  　31　 that Gale Crater was once a lake. One of the  　32　 the rover brought to Mars was a laser（激光器）. It was used to study the composition of rocks and found molecules which contain oxygen. The rover’s  　33　 in Mars’ rocks tells scientists that at some  　34　 in Mars’ past， there was a lot of oxygen in the atmosphere， which is a  　35　 for most life. Do you know what most living things need？ Water and oxygen！ Where there is water and oxygen， there might have been life. （　　）21. A. watery B. dusty C. sandy D. grassy （　　）22. A. quickly B. certainly C. dangerously D. mysteriously （　　）23. A. get over B. make up C. look for D. figure out （　　）24. A. die B. survive C. move D. gather （　　）25. A. journey B. goal C. performance D. struggle （　　）26. A. hang B. work C. land D. pull （　　）27. A. street B. plate C. pool D. lake （　　）28. A. broke B. analyzed C. obtained D. adjusted （　　）29. A. woken B. lifted C. lit D. locked （　　）30. A. data B. tips C. tricks D. tests （　　）31. A. admit B. invent C. confirm D. accept （　　）32. A. tools B. projects C. orders D. facts （　　）33. A. success B. attempt C. discovery D. position （　　）34. A. length B. level C. height D. point （　　）35. A. sign B. rule C. will D. must 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People have always had a dream of exploring outer space and with the help of scientists， their dream，  　36　 was once considered to be impossible， is turning into reality. Scientists carried out many experiments and  　37　（success） made rockets that could escape the Earth’s gravity. In 1961， Yuri Gagarin from the USSR became the first person  　38　（send） into space and in 1969， Neil Armstrong from the US set foot on the moon with the famous saying， “That’s one small step for （a） man， one giant leap for mankind.” Despite the great achievements， sometimes accidents did happen， resulting in huge  　39　（loss）.  　40　， scientists are determined to further explore the universe. One ongoing project is the International Space Station orbiting the Earth.  　41　（compare） with the USSR and the US， China started later in its space program， but it has made huge progress. So far， several astronauts， including Yang Liwei， have been to space. China has also launched the Tiangong 2，  　42　（signal） a huge step in its effort to establish  　43　 space station. It  　44　（believe） that the future of space  　45　（explore） is bright thanks to the efforts of the scientists all over the world. 36.____________ 37.____________ 38.____________ 39.____________ 40.____________ 41.____________ 42.____________ 43.____________ 44.____________ 45.____________ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假设你是李华。为了增加学生对中国航天的了解，你校将邀请北京航空航天大学的李教授进行一次专题讲座。你校外籍教师Bruce对航天很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件邀请他参加。 内容包括： 1. 讲座的时间与地点；2. 讲座的主题；3. 讲座的内容。 注意： 1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Bruce， __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文 A Mysterious Encounter on the Moon Chinese astronauts Zhang Wei and Liu Mei, feeling proud to represent China’s space exploration, walked out of their lunar module onto the moon’s surface. The moon looked lonely and empty. The ground was covered with a thin layer of gray-white dust. Big craters (陨石坑) were all over the place. Some were as large as small towns on Earth. Their edges were sharp, like cuts on the moon. The sun was shining brightly, making strong, dark shadows. When they were doing their science work, collecting samples and setting up tools, something bad happened. Their communication device made a loud sharp noise, and they lost touch with Earth. Zhang Wei stopped suddenly, his eyes wide open in shock. Liu Mei’s hands shook a little as she tried to fix the device. Her face turned pale with worry. “What can we do?” Liu Mei asked in a low, nervous voice. But they knew they had to be brave and keep going. While they were moving forward, they found some strange, evenly-spaced (均匀间隔的) marks on the ground. These marks were different from the random dents (凹陷) made by meteors (陨石). Curious, they decided to follow the trail. The air was full of tension. and they walked carefully. After a while, they saw a faint, strange light coming from a deep valley far away. Their hearts were beating fast, a mix of fear and excitement. They looked at each other, full of doubt, and then decided to go closer. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. ______________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1-15、CDABC DCACD AABCC；16-20、BGDFC；21-35、ADDBA CDBDA CACDD； 36.  which　 37.  successfully　 38.  to be sent　39.  losses　40.  However　41.  Compared　 　42.  signalling　43.  a　44.  is believed　 45.  exploration　 第一节（满分15分） Dear Bruce， Knowing that you’re interested in space flight， I’m so excited to tell you the news that our school will invite Professor Li from Beihang University to give us a lecture about China’s space flight. He will talk about the background of the development of China’s space flight as well as its process and achievements. Besides， astronauts and something about the series of China’s spaceships will also be introduced. The lecture will be held on Saturday this week， and it will begin at 7：00 pm in the lecture hall of our school. I really hope you can come to the lecture. I’m looking forward to your arrival. Yours， Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: When they walked into the shining building, many strange symbols on the walls caught their eyes right away. The symbolswere unlike anything they had ever seen, glowing faintly in the dim light. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei exchanged puzzled glances, theircuriosity piqued. They moved closer to examine the symbols, noticing intricate patterns that seemed to convey some sort ofmessage. The room was filled with a soft hum, adding to the mystery of the place. They decided to take pictures and make notes,noping to decipher the meaning later. Paragraph 2: The voice seemed to be trying to talk to them. It was a soft, melodic sound, echoing through the room. At first, they couldn'tnake out any words, but as they listened more closely, they began to pick up on a rhythm and tone. It was as if the voice was usingnusic to communicate. Zhang Wei and Liu Mei looked at each other in amazement, their fear gradually being replaced byascination. They tried to respond with their own voices, mimicking the rhythm, and to their surprise, the voice seemed to react,oecoming more distinct. They realized they might have just made contact with something unknown on the moon.　 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $